【中考一轮复习】2023年中考英语复习学案——第三十三讲 短文填空之首字母填空（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份【中考一轮复习】2023年中考英语复习学案——第三十三讲 短文填空之首字母填空（原卷版+解析版），文件包含中考一轮复习2023年中考英语复习学案第三十三讲短文填空之首字母填空解析版doc、中考一轮复习2023年中考英语复习学案第三十三讲短文填空之首字母填空原卷版doc等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共16页， 欢迎下载使用。


考点分析
首字母填空是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。
知识梳理
1. 跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。
快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。
2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。
把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。
3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。
在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
三年中考真题
A
（2020·上海·统考中考真题）
"Meatballs again？I hate meatballs!" Henry cried ludly．"I'm nt eating this!" Henry's mum and dad lked at each ther．This was the secnd time this week that Henry had c____1____abut his dinner．
"We're ging t let yu take ver dinnertime．Yu can pick the fd and ck yur meals，'Mum said．
"Gd．We're ging t eat gd fd every night!" Henry answered．
The next day，Henry sat dwn t write the meal p____2____"We're ging t have chicken tnight，and ndles tmrrw，" Henry said．
"Are we ging t have anything e____3____besides chicken？We need t have at least ne vegetable fr each meal，"，said Mum．
"We can have cabbage，"Henry said．
After he finished shpping，it was time t make his f____4____meal．He believed that this wuld be his favurite meal．Since he had never cked，his parents were bth there t help him．"There's a lt t d，"Henry thught，as he lked at the mess in the kitchen．He was usually playing games utside while his parents were making dinner．
It tk almst tw hurs t ck．When dinner was finally finished，Henry was tired and h____5____．But he was s excited—he made dinner!
"I dn't like cabbage，" cried Sphia，Henry's little sister，at the table．Henry felt quite upset．He had wrked s hard n dinner，but it was i____6____t get everyne happy abut every part f every meal!
"I'm srry．I didn't knw this culd be s hard，" Henry felt like he might cry．He began t r____7____hw his parents felt every time at the dinner table．
"It's OK，Henry．Yu wrked really hard．We' ll take back dinner respnsibilities．Yu'll have t d it enugh when yu're grwn up，"Dad said．
Henry felt released．He happily finished his dinner and never gt angry at dinner table again．
B
（2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题）
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
The Chinese life is clrful with many interesting flk ways. The Lantern Festival is n the 15th day f the first lunar mnth, it has a Chinese name Yuanxia Festival. Yuanxia cmes frm the f___8___ that peple call the first lunar mnth the Yuan Mnth and night Xia. The night f the 15th day f the first lunar mnth m___9___ the beginning f the first full mn. On the Lantern Festival, the Chinese peple have the custm f e___10___ lanterns and eating glutinus rice dumplings. There is a cmmn saying that “Playing n the Lantern Festival.”
The custm started during the Han Dynasty, and has a h___11___ f mre than 2000 years. On that night, every place is decrated with lanterns and streamers(饰带) and there is a bustling atmsphere. As night f___12___, peple g in crwds t the sea f clrful lanterns: palace lanterns, wall lamps, figure lanterns, flwer lanterns, revlving hrse lanterns, animal lanterns, and ty lanterns, f all types and c____13____. Sme lanterns have riddles(谜语) n them, which encurage peple t try t be the f___14___ t find the answer.
It is a___15___ a traditinal custm t eat glutinus rice dumplings at this time. As early as the Sng Dynasty, there was such a kind f fd, a rund ball m___16___ f glutinus rice flur with a filling f sugar and kernels(果仁). Since it is eaten n the Lantern Festival, peple call it yuanxia. The Chinese peple hpe that e____17____ is satisfactry (yuanman in Chinese), and t eat glutinus rice dumplings n the first night with a full mn in a year is t wish that family members will remain united, harmnius, happy and satisfied.
C
（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
It’s that time f year again, when red envelpes (信封) are given t and r___18___ frm friends and families. Here we explain tw things.
The stry behind giving red envelpes
As yu prbably knw, the Chinese lve the red clr. It’s a clr that represents luck, happiness, and gd e___19___. In China, a red envelpe is t___20___ called “ya sui qian”.
Accrding t the stry, a mnster named Sui came arund t hurt children n New Year’s Eve. T prevent Sui frm c___21___ t harm children, parents wuld light candles and pray in the night. And peple started t jin eight cins alng red strings (线) and place them under c___22___ pillws (枕头). Sn, it became a traditin. Sui was kept ff by these prtective symbls and finally stpped scaring children.
S why are the envelpes called “ya sui qian”? The c___23___ “sui” actually has exactly the same prnunciatin as “祟” (Sui), the mnster’s name. These cins were called “ya sui qian”，meaning “lucky mney t keep ff harmful spirits”. As generatins passed, cins were replaced with n___24___ and the strings were replaced with envelpes.
Wh gives red envelpes and hw much shuld they give?
If yu have a jb and can make mney, it’s time fr yu t start giving ut “ya suiqian”! A general r___25___ is that the mre mney yu earn, the mre mney shuld be a ___26___ t the envelpes.
Accrding t custms, yur parents and grandparents will prbably still k____27____ giving yu “ya sui qian” t shw their lve and wishes. Fr yur wn children, yu shuld give frm RMB100 t whatever amunt yu prefer.
两年模拟演练
A
（2021·湖北武汉·统考三模）
先阅读短文，再在短文空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。
I started t wrk as an editr (编辑) fr a travel magazine. I didn’t really m_____28_____ the wrk, but I wanted smething mre challenging. Later, I jumped at a cmpany. Hwever, sn after I j_____29_____ the cmpany, I was asked t sell cntents t teachers and training peple. I had n experience in sales, training r e_____30_____. I tld myself that everything feels difficult at first and I shuld at least try. In a way, I felt like I didn’t have a c_____31_____. I knew jumping ut f the nest was the right thing fr me, even thugh it felt awful. I was lucky t be with very helpful peple, b_____32_____ at wrk and at hme. My bss never asked if I thught I culd d it. I_____33_____, he asked if I was interested in trying.
I spent lng hurs w_____34_____ every day. I asked lts f questins and spke t s many teachers and sn I gt mre gd experiences. I lked fr chances t put in e_____35_____ effrt. The mre I did, the better I felt. Over time, I discvered that the jb was smething I culd d and liked ding. I als learned it’s imprtant t take risks and a_____36_____ new pprtunities, even when yu’re nt sure if yu’ll d well. I dn’t think there’s anything w______37______ than failing t try. I’m s glad I tried, and it surely paid ff.
B
（2022·黑龙江大庆·大庆外国语学校校考模拟预测）
There are fur peple in my family. Every day my parents are very busy t___38___ t make mney in rder t pay the high tuitin (学费) fr my brther and me. They hardly say “I lve yu” r send flwers t each ther. Besides, my father has a bad temper (脾气). It is easy fr him t lse his temper when he’s very tired frm the hard wrk. I didn’t knw whether there was lve between them until ne spring. At that time, my father suddenly gt badly sick. My mther had t stay with him in the hspital fr a mnth. When they returned frm the hspital, they bth lked very w___39___ as if bth f them had a serius illness.
After they were back, my mther helped my father walk slwly n the cuntry rad every day in the mrning and dusk. Hwever, after tw mnths my father still culdn’t walk by himself. All f us were wrried abut him.
“Dad, hw are yu f___40___ nw?” I asked him ne day.
“Susan, dn’t wrry abut me.” he said i___41___ a lw vice. “I just like walking with yur mm. I like this kind f life.” Reading his eyes, I knw he lves my mther very much.
Once I thught lve m___42___ flwers, presents and sweet kisses. But frm this experience, I understand that lve is inside, making life strng and warm.