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2022-2023学年湖北省重点高中智学联盟高二上学期期末英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年湖北省重点高中智学联盟高二上学期期末英语试卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年湖北省重点高中智学联盟高二（上）期末英语试卷
题号
一
二
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四
五
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
The two-week Harvard Pre-College Program is an intense and exciting experience of the college life. The admission committee is now looking for mature, academically motivated students who will graduate from high school and enter college in 2022.
The Course Experience
With over 30 courses to choose from, you're sure to find a topic that interests you. Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety. When class is not in session, you can participate in creative and social activities. At the end of the program, you'll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a transcript (成绩单).
Time
•July 24—August 5
How to Apply
Complete an online application and provide supplemental (补充的) materials, including:
•The＄75 non-refundable application fee.
•Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school.
•If English is not your native language, submit scores from the TOEFL IBT or IELTS language proficiency exam along with your application.
Cost & Aid
The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program 2022 session is＄4, 950. The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable ＄75 application fee and ＄100 health insurance.
A limited number of scholarships are available to assist students who demonstrate financial need. Awards vary based on need, and a typical award covers part of the tuition.
How to contact us
Interested in learning more about the program? Complete our request form, and a member of our team will contact you.
Phone: (617) 495-4023
Email: precollege@ summer.harvard.cn
1. Which is a requirement for students attending the course?
A. Completing 30 courses. B. Getting required credits.
C. Having a full attendance. D. Prioritizing social activities.
2. What should be included in supplemental materials?
A. Health certificate. B. Academic conditions.
C. Financial declaration. D. Personal integrity.
3. What's the full payment for an admitted student on the program?
A. ＄75 B. ＄100 C. ＄4, 950 D. ＄5, 125
B
Zheng Qinwen announced herself as a major new force in women's tennis with an important French Open debut（首秀） last month.Now the Chinese teenager hopes the fighting spirit she showed at the Grand Slam（大满贯） tournament can encourage kids starting out in the sport to chase their dreams on the court with the same determination.
"If tennis is your dream，I think you always have to fight for your dream.Because we only have one life，you shouldn't have any regrets，"Zheng said last week in an interview.
The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.
Accounting for two-time Grand Slam winner Simona Halep along the way，Zheng's journey was ended in the fourth round by a three-set defeat to eventual champion Iga Swiatek.Zheng，though，gave the Polish world No.1 a big scare，battling back from 3～0 down in the first set to force，and win，a tiebreak（平分决胜局）.
"That was the first time I had played the world No.1，so I really wanted to grab this chance so I could judge her level and test myself，"said Zheng."I didn't want to give her the match so easy like that.It was pretty difficult for me to hold on in that match because of what my body was going through，but I wanted to show her I'm not easily beaten."
Looking back at Zheng Qinwen's performances in this year's French Open，there's no doubt that she's a true fighter.Zheng says she avoids being discouraged by higher-ranked opponents by simply focusing on the next point，one shot at a time.Supported by her team，she hopes she can one day win a Grand Slam title.
Zheng's impressive French Open run has inevitably led to comparisons with China's solitary Grand Slam singles champion，Li Na，who won the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.
"When I was a kid，Li Na showed that Asian people also can do something really good in tennis.She was the first one.I will just focus on my own game，and then let's see if I can really compete at the highest level，"said Zheng.
4. What does the underlined word"contender"in paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Organizer. B. Announcer. C. Competitor. D. Designer.
5. What is the result of the match between Zheng and Iga Swiatek？ ______
A. Iga Swiatek beat Zheng easily.
B. Zheng lost to Iga Swiatek at last.
C. Zheng won the match despite her pain.
D. Iga Swiatek lost because of her mistakes.
6. Why is Li Na mentioned in paragraph 7？ ______
A. To explain why Li Na has achieved a lot.
B. To prove failure is the mother of success.
C. To show how excellent Zheng Qinwen is.
D. To compare the difference between Zheng Qinwen and Li Na.
7. Which of the following can best describe Zheng Qinwen？ ______
A. Optimistic and generous. B. Struggling and determined.
C. Independent and helpful. D. Adventurous and realistic.
C
Feeling a bit bored? It could be just what you need to produce your best ideas, excite your creativity or simply give your brain a rest.
Nowadays, in the age of round-the-clock entertainment, it's (technically) trickier to be bored. If the show you're watching has lost its spark, you can easily amuse yourself on social media without even leaving the sofa. But that's not necessarily a good thing. Feeling disengaged from the task in hand, or a lack of stimulation (刺激), does have its benefits, according to researchers at the University of Central Lancashire.
Being bored motivates you to search out something less boring to do. For example, if you decide there's nothing worth watching on TV, you might choose to switch off and take up a new hobby. This, according to researchers, can explain why the lockdowns of the past two years saw a surge (激增) in creativity among people stuck at home from banana-bread-making to picking up a paintbrush for the first time since childhood.
But what about those times when you have no choice but to stick with the boring situation, waiting for a bus, for instance? The good news is that the boredom you're feeling now could spark your creativity later, says a 2019 study published in the Academy of Management Discoveries journal. People who'd taken part in a bean-sorting task later performed better at coming up with creative ideas than another group who'd been given something more interesting to do first.
Ultimately, don't take it for granted that there'll always be something close at hand to entertain us. With boredom, we will not run the risk of becoming boring ourselves.
8. What does the author imply in paragraph 2?
A. Wondering mind can be healthy.
B. Social media can surely entertain us.
C. Being bored may be something good.
D. Being involved in the task is beneficial.
9. Why was the surge in creativity seen recently?
A. People were stimulated by boredom.
B. People were better equipped at home.
C. People had more hobbies to choose from.
D. People were more concerned about mental being.
10. What is the purpose of the bean-sorting task in the 2019 study?
A. To create a boring situation. B. To reduce people's boredom.
C. To make a funny performance. D. To show an entertainment at hand.
11. What is the best title of the passage?
A. What is the point of creativity？
B. Are we more easily bored nowadays？
C. How can we deal with daily boredom？
D. Does boredom make us more creative？
D
A "secretive" new species of frog has been discovered on the forest floor in India's Western Ghat mountain range.Named the starry dwarf frog after the markings on its dark brown back，it is just 2 centimeters long.
The frog，whose closest relatives are a group of species native to India and Sri Linka，is the only member of an ancient lineage （血统）dating back to millions of years ago，according to researchers from India and the US.It is unclear whether the species is descended from African or Asian frogs.
A group of Indian and US researchers first came across the local species hidden in leaf-litter as part of a wider project to look for new frogs，lizards and snakes in the richly biodiverse region and stored it in a jar for later study.Genetic testing and a closer look at its shape，colouring and other features has shown that it doesn't match any existing species.
Kartik Shanker of the Indian Institute of Science，who helped design the study，says while it is common to find new frogs in India，this one needs to be noticed. "This particular species not just is a new species，but also belongs to a new genus （属），and that makes it a little more special，" says Shanker.
The number of known species of frog identified in India has climbed from around 200 to above 400 over the past two decades.While many species new to science are frequently immediately sorted as endangered，it is too early to say whether the starry dwarf frog is threatened. "They are very secretive，" says Shanker，adding that the team didn't know the size of its population.The frog is active at night and lives near water.
Habitat loss is a serious risk to frogs in tropical forests around the world，alongside threats such as a deadly fungus（真菌）that has been killing off amphibians（两栖动物）for the past four decades.But the new species was found in a reserved forest，meaning it will enjoy a degree of protection by Indian government agencies.
12. What can we learn from paragraph 3？ ______
A. The species was discovered by tourists.
B. The species was found in a rich region.
C. The species was finally set free.
D. The species was further studied.
13. What can we say about the new frog？ ______
A. It is in small quantities.
B. It is an endangered species.
C. It is well worth attention.
D. It is related to African or Asian frogs.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ ______
A. Habitat loss is the chief threat to frogs.
B. The new species may face less dangers.
C. Tropical forests in India are all under protection.
D. The Indian government determines to save frogs.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. A rare frog species protected in India
B. A rise in species of frog seen in India
C. A secretive frog species discovered in India
D. A risk of habitat loss for frogs removed in India
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studying in America presents you with unique opportunities to get involved in a community that pushes you to succeed. (1) These tips will help you make the most of the four years.
Participation in university programs helps you make new friends and establish a connection with your school.At the beginning of the school year，most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting （招募） new members. (2) By chatting with old club members，you can decide where you'll fit best.
To best prepare for your future，growing your professional network is essential.Joining professional student organizations that correspond with your professional interests is a great place to start.For example，professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings.Remember to be active and interested in your college years. (3)
Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located.Some organizations like Habitat for Humanity have opportunities throughout the country.Neighborhoods surrounding your university will also have individual needs and service opportunities that will benefit from your help. (4) It shows a new side of the place you'll call home for the next several years.
(5) But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it.If you have time，consider taking different trips，in which you can explore different cultures and meet new friends.Gradually，you'll find your vision broadened and life enriched.
A.Being a volunteer can advance your career.
B.College is the perfect time to learn and grow.
C.Living off campus is a great way to save money.
D.The event gives you an idea of each organization.
E.It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation.
F.Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year.
G.Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Edmond was a school bus driver for 22 years.One morning，the rain pouring down，he and the bus monitor Valentine were called to (21) a student who missed the bus.What (22) them was that the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.
Edmond and Valentine didn't expect they had a larger (23) to achieve.Just around the corner，they found two children (24) in the rushing floodwaters.The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a (25) to avoid being swept away.
Edmond and Valentine couldn't (26) to save them，but neither could swim.Jumping into action meant putting their own (27) on the line.Since the bus was for special needs children，it was (28) with removable seat belts.They got a（n） (29).Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to (30) the children.
Close by neighbors additionally got here to (31)，and the group made combined efforts to (32) the boy and the girl from the tree.They created a human chain and (33) the tied belts out until Edmond got a firm hold on the children and pulled them to safety.
The two children were (34) of Edmond，giving him a big hug.Surrounding them，everyone present was filled with happiness，though wet all over.This great rescue operation went viral on social media and drew praise for their (35) from all quarters.
21. A. look after B. send for C. pick up D. call on
22. A. discouraged B. bored C. excited D. impressed
23. A. dream B. goal C. success D. mission
24. A. diving B. playing C. stuck D. prepared
25. A. tree B. belt C. seat D. bus
26. A. offer B. wait C. pretend D. long
27. A. lives B. future C. jobs D. family
28. A. covered B. decorated C. filled D. equipped
29. A. suggestion B. idea C. belief D. conclusion
30. A. lock B. search C. reach D. hang
31. A. assist B. cheer C. respond D. watch
32. A. protect B. tell C. free D. tear
33. A. extended B. pushed C. threw D. kicked
34. A. proud B. appreciative C. fond D. tired
35. A. attitude B. description C. action D. fortune
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. The world witnessed what was described (1) "Chongqing speed" in people's united action in China's Chongqing that put out over 10 forest fires in less than 10 days.
On August 17，a historic heat wave caused forest fires (2) （ break） out in the mountain city.Under the leadership of China's emergency management authorities，great efforts from firefighters，police and tens of thousands of volunteers (3) （ pay） off and all open fires were completely put out on August 26.
In the following days，numerous stories，pictures and videos regarding this fire rescue (4) （ share） on China's social media.A video that showed a herringbone （人字形） of yellow flame of fire and a line of white light coming from the headlamps on the rescuers in the night view was (5) striking that it became (6) instant hit.
(7) put out the fire was a "Great Human Wall" that was formed by the organization and support personnel under the mountain，the transport teams (8) （ deliver） materials along the way，and the firefighting troops on the mountain top.
Among them，Generation Z，classified as those born in the mid-90s to early 2000s，played a (9) （ remarkable） important role in the whole rescue work.These young group rushed to the frontline of the fire scene without any hesitation，demonstrating the hope and strength of China's young generation with their bravery，wisdom and (10) （ cooperate）.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是红星高中学生会主席李华，你校交换生 David 上周五面向全体师生作了题为"学英语，讲中国故事"的演讲，反响十分热烈，请你用英语给他写一封邮件表示祝贺和感谢，内容包括：
1.祝贺演讲成功；
2.你的感受。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
_________
Yours，
Li Hua
38. 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The event that stands out in Tom's memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old.He was at home with his elder sister Jane.Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices.At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud，but he soon realized this time it was different.
"Quick!Quick!Remove the motorcycles from the shop. " someone yelled.
Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate，a thick cloud of smoke greeted him，The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying.
Jane，who had been playing the violin in her room，hurried to the living room.Jane and Tom rushed out of the door and went along the corridor through the smoke.
They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane stopped in her track.She turned around and headed back the way they came.Tom had no idea what she was doing，but he followed suit.
Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them.They called her Auntie Makcik.Jane began banging on Makcik's door，but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around them，Tom could see many of their neighbors — some still in their pajamas — running for safety.The thought of fear crossed his mind.
"She may have run for safety like everyone else! " Tom said.However.Jane refused to give up and said， " I know Makcik is still inside. " Jane was familiar with Makcik's daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping.She pounded the door. "Go downstairs.Go now!Go! "
注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tom noticed the flame was reaching up.
________
Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help.
________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。这是哈佛大学预科课程的介绍和招生广告。
1. 根据第二段中的Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety.（虽然课程没有学分，也没有字母评分，但你需要完整地参加课程。）可知，参加这门课程的学生需要全勤出席，故选C。
2. 根据How to Apply部分中的Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school.（从九年级到2021年秋季的成绩单：包括进度报告、成绩单卡和高中的教育总结。）可知，补充材料应该包括学术条件。故选B。
3. 根据Cost & Aid部分中的The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program...＄75 application fee and ＄100 health insurance.（哈佛大学2022年预科课程的总费用为4950美元。项目费用包括学费、食宿费和两周的活动费。此外，还有75美元的申请费和100美元的健康保险，不予退还。）可知，一个学生的全部费用包括＄4, 950+＄75+＄100=＄5, 125。故选D。
4~7.【答案】C、B、C、B
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.（这位19岁的选手在法网公开赛上进行了突破性的比赛，这表明她有能力成为顶级网球选手的竞争者。）结合选项，竞争者最符合语境，故划线词contender与competitor相近。A.Organizer组织者；B.Announcer播音员；C.Competitor竞争者；D.Designer设计者。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的Zheng's journey was ended in the fourth round by a three-set defeat to eventual champion Iga Swiatek（郑洁的征程在第四轮以三盘失利而告终，最终以冠军伊加•斯威特克告终）可知，由于第三盘输给最终冠军Iga Swiatek，郑的赛程在第四轮告终。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第七段Zheng's impressive French Open run has inevitably led to comparisons with China's solitary Grand Slam singles champion，Li Na，who won the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.（郑令人印象深刻的法网成绩不可避免地让人将其与中国唯一的大满贯单打冠军李娜相比较，李娜曾获得2011年法网和2014年澳网冠军。）可知，此处提及李娜，旨在说明郑钦文在法网公开赛中的表现是如此的出色以至于可以与李娜相提并论。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第一段中的the fighting spirit she showed at the Grand Slam tournament can encourage kids（她在大满贯锦标赛上表现出的斗志可以鼓励孩子们）与第五段中的It was pretty difficult for me to hold on in that match because of what my body was going through，I wanted to show her I'm not easily beaten.（我很难在那场比赛中坚持下来，因为我的身体在经历着什么，我想让她知道我不容易被击败。）可知，她在比赛中是努力拼搏的，而且她尽管身体不适，但她还是要坚持证明自己没那么容易被击败，因此她意志是坚定的。A.Optimistic and generous乐观的和慷慨的；B.Struggling and determined挣扎的和有决心的；C.Independent and helpful独立的和乐于助人的；D.Adventurous and realistic冒险的和现实的。故选B。
本文为记叙文。本文主要介绍了中国网球小将郑钦文第一次参加法国网球公开赛就证明了自己的天赋、实力和决心，法网的历练，也让郑钦文更坚定了自己的梦想。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】C、A、A、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过一系列的研究实验发现无聊可以激发创造力。
1.
根据第二段中的Feeling disengaged from the task in hand, or a lack of stimulation (刺激), does have its benefits, according to researchers at the University of Central Lancashire.（中央兰开夏大学的研究人员表示，对手头工作感到心不在焉或缺乏刺激确实有好处。）可推断，作者在第二段中暗示了无聊可能是件好事。故选C。
2.
根据第三段中的For example, if you decide there's nothing worth…since childhood.（例如，如果你觉得没有什么值得看的电视节目，你可以选择关掉它，培养新的爱好。研究人员表示，这可以解释为什么在过去两年的封锁中，到童年以来首次拿起画笔的人们的创造力激增。）可知，无聊刺激了人们使得人们出现了创造力的激增。故选A。
3.
根据第四段中的People who'd taken part in a bean-sorting task later performed better at coming up with creative ideas than another group who'd been given something more interesting to do first.（与另一组先做更有趣的事情的人相比，后来参加豆子分类任务的人在想出创造性想法方面表现得更好。）可知，这个实验室为了证明无聊可以激发创造力，所以推断2019年研究中的豆类分类任务的目的是创造一个无聊的环境。故选A。
4.
根据第一段内容（感觉有点无聊？它可能正是你所需要的，让你产生最好的想法，激发你的创造力，或者只是让你的大脑休息一下。）及全文可知，本文主要介绍了通过一系列的研究实验发现无聊可以激发创造力。所以 D项（无聊让我们更有创造力吗？）作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
12~15.【答案】D、C、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段A group of Indian and US researchers first came across the local species hidden in leaf-litter as part of a wider project to look for new frogs，lizards and snakes in the richly biodiverse region and stored it in a jar for later study.Genetic testing and a closer look at its shape，colouring and other features has shown that it doesn't match any existing species.（一组印度和美国的研究人员最初发现了隐藏在落叶中的当地物种，这是在生物多样性丰富的地区寻找新的青蛙、蜥蜴和蛇的更广泛项目的一部分，并将其储存在一个罐子中，以备日后研究。基因测试和对其形状、颜色和其他特征的仔细观察表明，它与任何现存物种都不匹配。）可知，研究人员首次发现了隐藏在落叶中的当地物种并将其储存在一个罐子中，后来研究表明它与任何现存物种都不匹配。由此可知，研究人员对发现的新物种进行了后续的研究。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Kartik Shanker of the Indian Institute of Science，who helped design the study，says while it is common to find new frogs in India，this one needs to be noticed. "This particular species not just is a new species，but also belongs to a new genus （属），and that makes it a little more special，" says Shanker.（协助设计这项研究的印度科学研究所的Kartik Shanker表示，虽然在印度发现新青蛙很常见，但这一点需要引起注意。Shanker说："这个特殊的物种不仅是一个新物种，而且属于一个新属，这使它有点特别。"）可知，发现的新物种有点特别，值得被关注。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。从最后一段"But the new species was found in a reserved forest，meaning it will enjoy a degree of protection by Indian government agencies."（但这种新物种是在一片保留林中发现的，这意味着它将受到印度政府机构的一定程度的保护。）可知，发现的新物种会在一定程度上受到政府的保护，这就意味着它面临的危险可能就更少。故选B。
（4）标题概括题。阅读全文，并根据第一段A "secretive" new species of frog has been discovered on the forest floor in India's Western Ghat mountain range.（在印度西高特山脉的森林地面上发现了一种新的"神秘"青蛙。）可知，本文主要介绍了在印度发现的一种新的青蛙，选项C"印度发现的一种神秘青蛙"符合文章主旨，可作为最佳标题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在印度发现的一种新的青蛙以及它的特征等。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】B、D、E、G、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据后句make the most of the four years（充分利用这四年），可知B项College is the perfect time to learn and grow（大学是学习和成长的最佳时机）与下文给出的建议衔接自然。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句At the beginning of the school year，most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting new members（在学年开始时，大多数大学都会举办一个组织展览会，在那里校园里的每个俱乐部都会招募新成员）；以及后文By chatting with old club members，you can decide where you'll fit best（通过和俱乐部的老会员聊天，你可以决定你最适合哪里），可知D项The event gives you an idea of each organization（该活动让你了解每个组织）符合语境，选项中的The event指代上文的an organization fair。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句For example，professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings（例如，专业协会经常举行会议，并发出有关行业动态的通讯），可知E项It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation（它还可以让你在毕业后找到一份理想的工作）相呼应符合题意，It指代上文的提到的那件事。故选E。
（4）推理判断题。根据上句Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located（参加志愿工作是一种切实可行的方式，可以让你所在大学所在的当地社区有所作为）；以及后文It shows a new side of the place you'll call home for the next several years（它展示了这个你未来几年称之为家的地方的另一面），可知G项Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in（志愿服务有助于你感受到与你生活的社区的联系）符合语境，下文的It指代选项中的Volunteering。故选G。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it（但是，在休息的时候到美国转转是一个很好的机会，可以看到更多的美国），可知F项Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year（念书时出国旅行可能很困难）符合前后的转折关系，指出学习时旅行不是那么容易的。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了在美国大学学习时参与社区志愿活动可以提升自己，并且对于以后的工作也有帮助。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】C、A、D、C、A、B、A、D、B、C、A、C、A、B、C
【解析】（1）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.look after照顾；B.send for召唤，派人去请；C.pick up开车接；D.call on号召。句意：一天早上，大雨倾盆而下，他和班长瓦伦丁接到电话，去接一个错过公交车的学生。根据上文Edmond was a school bus driver和下文What（2）them was that the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.可知，爱德蒙和班长去接一个错过公交车的学生。故选C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.discouraged使沮丧；B.bored使厌烦；C.excited使激动；D.impressed使印象深刻。句意：让他们沮丧的是，他们到达指定地点时学生没有出现。根据上文the rain pouring down和下文the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.可知，那天早上大雨倾盆，他们专门去接那名学生，但学生却没有出现，这让他们很沮丧。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.dream梦想；B.goal目标；C.success成功；D.mission使命，任务。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁没想到他们还有更大的任务要完成。根据下文可知，爱德蒙和瓦伦丁在洪水中救出被困小孩，这是一个更大的任务。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.diving潜水；B.playing玩耍；C.stuck（在……中）卡住，陷住；D.prepared准备。句意：就在拐角处，他们发现两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。根据下文The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a（5）to avoid being swept away.可知，两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。故选C。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.tree树；B.belt腰带；C.seat座位；D.bus公交车。句意：男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树，以免被卷走。根据下文the group made combined efforts to（12）the boy and the girl from the tree可知，此处指男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树。故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.offer提供；B.wait等待；C.pretend假装；D.long期待。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们，但他们都不会游泳。根据语境和常识可知，当时情况危急，所以爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们。couldn't wait to do sth.意为"迫不及待地做某事"。故选B。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.lives生命；B.future将来；C.jobs工作；D.family家庭。句意：采取行动意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。根据上文but neither could swim可知，他们都不会游泳，在如此危急的情况下救人肯定意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.covered覆盖；B.decorated装饰；C.filled填充；D.equipped安装。句意：由于这辆巴士是为有特殊需要的儿童而设计的，所以它配备了可拆卸的安全带。根据上文Since the bus was for special needs children可知，此处指它配备了可拆卸的安全带。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.suggestion建议；B.idea主意；C.belief信念；D.conclusion结论。句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。根据下文Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to（10）the children.可知，这是他们想到的主意。故选B。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.lock锁；B.search寻找；C.reach到达，能伸到；D.hang悬挂。句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。根据句中they tied the seat belts together可知，他们把安全带系在一起是为了够到孩子们。故选C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.assist帮助；B.cheer欢呼；C.respond回应；D.watch观看。句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。根据下文the group made combined efforts可知，附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙。故选A。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.protect保护；B.tell告诉；C.free释放，使解脱；D.tear撕。句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。根据上文The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a（5）to avoid being swept away.可知，两个孩子之前挣扎着抓住一棵树，他们通过把安全带系在一起把男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.extended延申；B.pushed推；C.threw扔；D.kicked踢。句意：他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来，直到爱德蒙牢牢抓住孩子们，把他们拉到安全的地方。根据语境可知，他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来去，把他们拉到安全的地方。故选A。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.proud自豪的；B.appreciative感激的；C.fond喜爱的；D.tired厌烦的。句意：这两个孩子很感激爱德蒙，给了他一个大大的拥抱。根据下文giving him a big hug以及常识可知，孩子被营救出来，肯定心存感激。故选B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.attitude态度；B.description描述；C.action行动；D.fortune运气。句意：这一伟大的救援行动在社交媒体上疯传，并赢得了各方的赞扬。根据上文可知，爱德蒙和附近的邻居们共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来，所以这是一次救援行动。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了校车司机爱德蒙和班长瓦伦丁在大雨倾盆的早上救出被洪水围困的两个孩子的故事。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】【小题1】as
【小题2】to break
【小题3】paid
【小题4】were shared
【小题5】so
【小题6】an
【小题7】What
【小题8】delivering
【小题9】remarkably
【小题10】cooperation
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：中国重庆在不到10天的时间里扑灭了10多起森林大火，世界见证了被称为"重庆速度"的人们团结一致的行动。be described as是固定短语"被称为……"，符合题意。故填as。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：8月17日，史无前例的热浪导致这座山城爆发森林大火。分析句子结构可知，caused"导致"在句中作谓语，空格处的动词为非谓语。此题考查cause+宾语+to do sth的结构，意为"使……做某事，导致……"。动词不定式做宾补，故填to break。
（3）考查时态。句意：在中国应急管理部门的领导下，消防队员、警察和数万名志愿者的巨大努力得到了回报，所有明火于8月26日被完全扑灭。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，且描述的是这些人过去扑灭山火时的努力得到了回报，故时态为一般过去时。固定短语pay off意为"取得成功，得到回报"时，为不及物动词短语，故用主动语态。故填paid。
（4）考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在接下来的几天里，大量关于这场火灾救援的故事、图片和视频在中国的社交媒体上被分享。分析句子可知，提示词share"分享"在句中作谓语。根据前后文，可知，该句讲述的是过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，且"故事，图片和视频"是被分享的，share要用被动语态，句子的主语stories，pictures and videos是复数，所以构成被动语态的be动词用were。故填were shared。
（5）考查副词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子可知，此处是填入副词来修饰形容词striking"引人注目的，惊人的"。结合句意及that可知，此处考查so…that句型，意为"如此……以至于……"。故填so。
（6）考查冠词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子可知，该句中的hit为名词。结合句意，hit在该句中意为"很受欢迎的人（或事物）"，是可数名词，以单数形式出现时，前要有冠词来限定，该句中是泛指，故用不定冠词，且instant是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词要用an。故填an。
（7）考查主语从句。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的"人墙"。分析句子可知，空格处用来引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。What引导名词性从句时，翻译比较灵活，可翻译为"……的人/事物"，且可作主语、宾语、表语，符合题意。故填What。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的"人墙"。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作名词teams的定语，且teams"队伍"与deliver"运送"为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动。故填delivering。
（9）考查副词。句意：其中，90年代中期到21世纪初期初出生的Z世代在整个救援工作中发挥了非常重要的作用。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词来修饰形容词important。提示词remarkable为形容词，意为"引人注目的，非凡的"，其副词变形为remarkably。故填remarkably。
（10）考查名词。句意：这些年轻人毫不犹豫地冲向火灾现场的第一线，用他们的勇敢、智慧和合作展示了中国年轻一代的希望和力量。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词与bravery，wisdom"勇敢，智慧"作并列宾语。提示词cooperate为动词，意为"合作"，其名词变形为cooperation，且为不可数名词。故填cooperation。
本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了了重庆山火期间，在中国各方人士的共同努力下，很快取得了成功，向世界展示了"重庆速度"，也展示了中国年青一代的希望和力量。
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
37.【答案】Dear David，
I'm just writing to say congratulations on your wonderful speech last Friday.It was not an easy task for an exchange student to make a speech for all of us students and I'm so glad it turned out to be a great success.【高分句型一】（表述祝贺）
You were well prepared and the content was easy to follow.All of us were really impressed by your speech.Thanks to your instructions and encouragement，I'm sure everyone in our school is more enthusiastic about learning English and promoting Chinese culture now.【高分句型二】（你的感受）
Thank you again for sharing wonderful ideas with us.We are looking forward to your next presentation.
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：It was not an easy task for an exchange student to make a speech for all of us students and I'm so glad it turned out to be a great success.
翻译：对于交换生来说，为我们所有的学生发表演讲不是一件容易的事，我很高兴这件事最终取得了巨大的成功。
分析：本句中，it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式to make a speech for all of us students。
高分句型二：Thanks to your instructions and encouragement，I'm sure everyone in our school is more enthusiastic about learning English and promoting Chinese culture now.
翻译：感谢您的指导和鼓励，我相信我们学校的每个人现在都对学习英语和推广中国文化更加热情。
分析：本句使用了固定搭配be enthusiastic about意为"对......热情"。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Tom noticed the flame was reaching up.Frozen with fear，he stood rooted to the spot.He comprehended the gravity of the situation and held Jane's hand tightly.By then，both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging.Time seemed to stand still，though they were probably there for only two or three minutes.【高分句型一】Tom begged Jane to run for safety as quickly as possible.Jane tried to shield her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head.She kept pounding against the door.Tom burst out crying.（简和汤姆救人的艰辛过程。）
Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and of fered help.A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Jane's mind.She told them Makcik must be still in the room.They forced the door open with all their might.Sure enough，Makcik was lying in bed，unconscious.She was carried downstairs.And then some neighbours rushed her to the hospital，where she finally came to herself.【高分句型二】People in the neighbourhood felt relieved.Jane and Tom's joy was immense.（在邻居的帮助下，那位70多岁的老妇人获救以及简和汤姆的心情。）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，叙述了十岁的汤姆和他的姐姐清晨发现所住的公寓发生火灾，简和汤姆冲出门，穿过烟雾沿着走廊走去，他们正朝走廊尽头的楼梯走去，这时简停住了脚步。她转过身，简突然想起了住在他们隔壁的那位70多岁的老妇人。
高分句型一 Time seemed to stand still，though they were probably there for only two or three minutes.
翻译：时间似乎静止不动，尽管他们可能只呆了两三分钟。
分析：句中使用了由though引导的让步状语从句。
高分句型二 And then some neighbours rushed her to the hospital，where she finally came to herself.
翻译：然后一些邻居把她送到医院，她终于苏醒过来。
分析：句中使用了where引导的非限制性定语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生 "顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（ 2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的 "注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（ 3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（ 4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年湖北省重点高中智学联盟高二（上）期末英语试卷
题号
一
二
三
四
五
总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
The two-week Harvard Pre-College Program is an intense and exciting experience of the college life. The admission committee is now looking for mature, academically motivated students who will graduate from high school and enter college in 2022.
The Course Experience
With over 30 courses to choose from, you're sure to find a topic that interests you. Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety. When class is not in session, you can participate in creative and social activities. At the end of the program, you'll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a transcript (成绩单).
Time
•July 24—August 5
How to Apply
Complete an online application and provide supplemental (补充的) materials, including:
•The＄75 non-refundable application fee.
•Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school.
•If English is not your native language, submit scores from the TOEFL IBT or IELTS language proficiency exam along with your application.
Cost & Aid
The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program 2022 session is＄4, 950. The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable ＄75 application fee and ＄100 health insurance.
A limited number of scholarships are available to assist students who demonstrate financial need. Awards vary based on need, and a typical award covers part of the tuition.
How to contact us
Interested in learning more about the program? Complete our request form, and a member of our team will contact you.
Phone: (617) 495-4023
Email: precollege@ summer.harvard.cn
1. Which is a requirement for students attending the course?
A. Completing 30 courses. B. Getting required credits.
C. Having a full attendance. D. Prioritizing social activities.
2. What should be included in supplemental materials?
A. Health certificate. B. Academic conditions.
C. Financial declaration. D. Personal integrity.
3. What's the full payment for an admitted student on the program?
A. ＄75 B. ＄100 C. ＄4, 950 D. ＄5, 125
B
Zheng Qinwen announced herself as a major new force in women's tennis with an important French Open debut（首秀） last month.Now the Chinese teenager hopes the fighting spirit she showed at the Grand Slam（大满贯） tournament can encourage kids starting out in the sport to chase their dreams on the court with the same determination.
"If tennis is your dream，I think you always have to fight for your dream.Because we only have one life，you shouldn't have any regrets，"Zheng said last week in an interview.
The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.
Accounting for two-time Grand Slam winner Simona Halep along the way，Zheng's journey was ended in the fourth round by a three-set defeat to eventual champion Iga Swiatek.Zheng，though，gave the Polish world No.1 a big scare，battling back from 3～0 down in the first set to force，and win，a tiebreak（平分决胜局）.
"That was the first time I had played the world No.1，so I really wanted to grab this chance so I could judge her level and test myself，"said Zheng."I didn't want to give her the match so easy like that.It was pretty difficult for me to hold on in that match because of what my body was going through，but I wanted to show her I'm not easily beaten."
Looking back at Zheng Qinwen's performances in this year's French Open，there's no doubt that she's a true fighter.Zheng says she avoids being discouraged by higher-ranked opponents by simply focusing on the next point，one shot at a time.Supported by her team，she hopes she can one day win a Grand Slam title.
Zheng's impressive French Open run has inevitably led to comparisons with China's solitary Grand Slam singles champion，Li Na，who won the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.
"When I was a kid，Li Na showed that Asian people also can do something really good in tennis.She was the first one.I will just focus on my own game，and then let's see if I can really compete at the highest level，"said Zheng.
4. What does the underlined word"contender"in paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Organizer. B. Announcer. C. Competitor. D. Designer.
5. What is the result of the match between Zheng and Iga Swiatek？ ______
A. Iga Swiatek beat Zheng easily.
B. Zheng lost to Iga Swiatek at last.
C. Zheng won the match despite her pain.
D. Iga Swiatek lost because of her mistakes.
6. Why is Li Na mentioned in paragraph 7？ ______
A. To explain why Li Na has achieved a lot.
B. To prove failure is the mother of success.
C. To show how excellent Zheng Qinwen is.
D. To compare the difference between Zheng Qinwen and Li Na.
7. Which of the following can best describe Zheng Qinwen？ ______
A. Optimistic and generous. B. Struggling and determined.
C. Independent and helpful. D. Adventurous and realistic.
C
Feeling a bit bored? It could be just what you need to produce your best ideas, excite your creativity or simply give your brain a rest.
Nowadays, in the age of round-the-clock entertainment, it's (technically) trickier to be bored. If the show you're watching has lost its spark, you can easily amuse yourself on social media without even leaving the sofa. But that's not necessarily a good thing. Feeling disengaged from the task in hand, or a lack of stimulation (刺激), does have its benefits, according to researchers at the University of Central Lancashire.
Being bored motivates you to search out something less boring to do. For example, if you decide there's nothing worth watching on TV, you might choose to switch off and take up a new hobby. This, according to researchers, can explain why the lockdowns of the past two years saw a surge (激增) in creativity among people stuck at home from banana-bread-making to picking up a paintbrush for the first time since childhood.
But what about those times when you have no choice but to stick with the boring situation, waiting for a bus, for instance? The good news is that the boredom you're feeling now could spark your creativity later, says a 2019 study published in the Academy of Management Discoveries journal. People who'd taken part in a bean-sorting task later performed better at coming up with creative ideas than another group who'd been given something more interesting to do first.
Ultimately, don't take it for granted that there'll always be something close at hand to entertain us. With boredom, we will not run the risk of becoming boring ourselves.
8. What does the author imply in paragraph 2?
A. Wondering mind can be healthy.
B. Social media can surely entertain us.
C. Being bored may be something good.
D. Being involved in the task is beneficial.
9. Why was the surge in creativity seen recently?
A. People were stimulated by boredom.
B. People were better equipped at home.
C. People had more hobbies to choose from.
D. People were more concerned about mental being.
10. What is the purpose of the bean-sorting task in the 2019 study?
A. To create a boring situation. B. To reduce people's boredom.
C. To make a funny performance. D. To show an entertainment at hand.
11. What is the best title of the passage?
A. What is the point of creativity？
B. Are we more easily bored nowadays？
C. How can we deal with daily boredom？
D. Does boredom make us more creative？
D
A "secretive" new species of frog has been discovered on the forest floor in India's Western Ghat mountain range.Named the starry dwarf frog after the markings on its dark brown back，it is just 2 centimeters long.
The frog，whose closest relatives are a group of species native to India and Sri Linka，is the only member of an ancient lineage （血统）dating back to millions of years ago，according to researchers from India and the US.It is unclear whether the species is descended from African or Asian frogs.
A group of Indian and US researchers first came across the local species hidden in leaf-litter as part of a wider project to look for new frogs，lizards and snakes in the richly biodiverse region and stored it in a jar for later study.Genetic testing and a closer look at its shape，colouring and other features has shown that it doesn't match any existing species.
Kartik Shanker of the Indian Institute of Science，who helped design the study，says while it is common to find new frogs in India，this one needs to be noticed. "This particular species not just is a new species，but also belongs to a new genus （属），and that makes it a little more special，" says Shanker.
The number of known species of frog identified in India has climbed from around 200 to above 400 over the past two decades.While many species new to science are frequently immediately sorted as endangered，it is too early to say whether the starry dwarf frog is threatened. "They are very secretive，" says Shanker，adding that the team didn't know the size of its population.The frog is active at night and lives near water.
Habitat loss is a serious risk to frogs in tropical forests around the world，alongside threats such as a deadly fungus（真菌）that has been killing off amphibians（两栖动物）for the past four decades.But the new species was found in a reserved forest，meaning it will enjoy a degree of protection by Indian government agencies.
12. What can we learn from paragraph 3？ ______
A. The species was discovered by tourists.
B. The species was found in a rich region.
C. The species was finally set free.
D. The species was further studied.
13. What can we say about the new frog？ ______
A. It is in small quantities.
B. It is an endangered species.
C. It is well worth attention.
D. It is related to African or Asian frogs.
14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ ______
A. Habitat loss is the chief threat to frogs.
B. The new species may face less dangers.
C. Tropical forests in India are all under protection.
D. The Indian government determines to save frogs.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. A rare frog species protected in India
B. A rise in species of frog seen in India
C. A secretive frog species discovered in India
D. A risk of habitat loss for frogs removed in India
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Studying in America presents you with unique opportunities to get involved in a community that pushes you to succeed. (1) These tips will help you make the most of the four years.
Participation in university programs helps you make new friends and establish a connection with your school.At the beginning of the school year，most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting （招募） new members. (2) By chatting with old club members，you can decide where you'll fit best.
To best prepare for your future，growing your professional network is essential.Joining professional student organizations that correspond with your professional interests is a great place to start.For example，professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings.Remember to be active and interested in your college years. (3)
Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located.Some organizations like Habitat for Humanity have opportunities throughout the country.Neighborhoods surrounding your university will also have individual needs and service opportunities that will benefit from your help. (4) It shows a new side of the place you'll call home for the next several years.
(5) But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it.If you have time，consider taking different trips，in which you can explore different cultures and meet new friends.Gradually，you'll find your vision broadened and life enriched.
A.Being a volunteer can advance your career.
B.College is the perfect time to learn and grow.
C.Living off campus is a great way to save money.
D.The event gives you an idea of each organization.
E.It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation.
F.Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year.
G.Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Edmond was a school bus driver for 22 years.One morning，the rain pouring down，he and the bus monitor Valentine were called to (21) a student who missed the bus.What (22) them was that the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.
Edmond and Valentine didn't expect they had a larger (23) to achieve.Just around the corner，they found two children (24) in the rushing floodwaters.The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a (25) to avoid being swept away.
Edmond and Valentine couldn't (26) to save them，but neither could swim.Jumping into action meant putting their own (27) on the line.Since the bus was for special needs children，it was (28) with removable seat belts.They got a（n） (29).Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to (30) the children.
Close by neighbors additionally got here to (31)，and the group made combined efforts to (32) the boy and the girl from the tree.They created a human chain and (33) the tied belts out until Edmond got a firm hold on the children and pulled them to safety.
The two children were (34) of Edmond，giving him a big hug.Surrounding them，everyone present was filled with happiness，though wet all over.This great rescue operation went viral on social media and drew praise for their (35) from all quarters.
21. A. look after B. send for C. pick up D. call on
22. A. discouraged B. bored C. excited D. impressed
23. A. dream B. goal C. success D. mission
24. A. diving B. playing C. stuck D. prepared
25. A. tree B. belt C. seat D. bus
26. A. offer B. wait C. pretend D. long
27. A. lives B. future C. jobs D. family
28. A. covered B. decorated C. filled D. equipped
29. A. suggestion B. idea C. belief D. conclusion
30. A. lock B. search C. reach D. hang
31. A. assist B. cheer C. respond D. watch
32. A. protect B. tell C. free D. tear
33. A. extended B. pushed C. threw D. kicked
34. A. proud B. appreciative C. fond D. tired
35. A. attitude B. description C. action D. fortune
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. The world witnessed what was described (1) "Chongqing speed" in people's united action in China's Chongqing that put out over 10 forest fires in less than 10 days.
On August 17，a historic heat wave caused forest fires (2) （ break） out in the mountain city.Under the leadership of China's emergency management authorities，great efforts from firefighters，police and tens of thousands of volunteers (3) （ pay） off and all open fires were completely put out on August 26.
In the following days，numerous stories，pictures and videos regarding this fire rescue (4) （ share） on China's social media.A video that showed a herringbone （人字形） of yellow flame of fire and a line of white light coming from the headlamps on the rescuers in the night view was (5) striking that it became (6) instant hit.
(7) put out the fire was a "Great Human Wall" that was formed by the organization and support personnel under the mountain，the transport teams (8) （ deliver） materials along the way，and the firefighting troops on the mountain top.
Among them，Generation Z，classified as those born in the mid-90s to early 2000s，played a (9) （ remarkable） important role in the whole rescue work.These young group rushed to the frontline of the fire scene without any hesitation，demonstrating the hope and strength of China's young generation with their bravery，wisdom and (10) （ cooperate）.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是红星高中学生会主席李华，你校交换生 David 上周五面向全体师生作了题为"学英语，讲中国故事"的演讲，反响十分热烈，请你用英语给他写一封邮件表示祝贺和感谢，内容包括：
1.祝贺演讲成功；
2.你的感受。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
_________
Yours，
Li Hua
38. 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The event that stands out in Tom's memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old.He was at home with his elder sister Jane.Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices.At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud，but he soon realized this time it was different.
"Quick!Quick!Remove the motorcycles from the shop. " someone yelled.
Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate，a thick cloud of smoke greeted him，The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying.
Jane，who had been playing the violin in her room，hurried to the living room.Jane and Tom rushed out of the door and went along the corridor through the smoke.
They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane stopped in her track.She turned around and headed back the way they came.Tom had no idea what she was doing，but he followed suit.
Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them.They called her Auntie Makcik.Jane began banging on Makcik's door，but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around them，Tom could see many of their neighbors — some still in their pajamas — running for safety.The thought of fear crossed his mind.
"She may have run for safety like everyone else! " Tom said.However.Jane refused to give up and said， " I know Makcik is still inside. " Jane was familiar with Makcik's daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping.She pounded the door. "Go downstairs.Go now!Go! "
注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tom noticed the flame was reaching up.
________
Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help.
________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。这是哈佛大学预科课程的介绍和招生广告。
1. 根据第二段中的Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety.（虽然课程没有学分，也没有字母评分，但你需要完整地参加课程。）可知，参加这门课程的学生需要全勤出席，故选C。
2. 根据How to Apply部分中的Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school.（从九年级到2021年秋季的成绩单：包括进度报告、成绩单卡和高中的教育总结。）可知，补充材料应该包括学术条件。故选B。
3. 根据Cost & Aid部分中的The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program...＄75 application fee and ＄100 health insurance.（哈佛大学2022年预科课程的总费用为4950美元。项目费用包括学费、食宿费和两周的活动费。此外，还有75美元的申请费和100美元的健康保险，不予退还。）可知，一个学生的全部费用包括＄4, 950+＄75+＄100=＄5, 125。故选D。
4~7.【答案】C、B、C、B
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子The 19-year-old showed she possesses the talent to be a at the very top level of tennis with a breakout campaign at French Open.（这位19岁的选手在法网公开赛上进行了突破性的比赛，这表明她有能力成为顶级网球选手的竞争者。）结合选项，竞争者最符合语境，故划线词contender与competitor相近。A.Organizer组织者；B.Announcer播音员；C.Competitor竞争者；D.Designer设计者。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的Zheng's journey was ended in the fourth round by a three-set defeat to eventual champion Iga Swiatek（郑洁的征程在第四轮以三盘失利而告终，最终以冠军伊加•斯威特克告终）可知，由于第三盘输给最终冠军Iga Swiatek，郑的赛程在第四轮告终。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据第七段Zheng's impressive French Open run has inevitably led to comparisons with China's solitary Grand Slam singles champion，Li Na，who won the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.（郑令人印象深刻的法网成绩不可避免地让人将其与中国唯一的大满贯单打冠军李娜相比较，李娜曾获得2011年法网和2014年澳网冠军。）可知，此处提及李娜，旨在说明郑钦文在法网公开赛中的表现是如此的出色以至于可以与李娜相提并论。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第一段中的the fighting spirit she showed at the Grand Slam tournament can encourage kids（她在大满贯锦标赛上表现出的斗志可以鼓励孩子们）与第五段中的It was pretty difficult for me to hold on in that match because of what my body was going through，I wanted to show her I'm not easily beaten.（我很难在那场比赛中坚持下来，因为我的身体在经历着什么，我想让她知道我不容易被击败。）可知，她在比赛中是努力拼搏的，而且她尽管身体不适，但她还是要坚持证明自己没那么容易被击败，因此她意志是坚定的。A.Optimistic and generous乐观的和慷慨的；B.Struggling and determined挣扎的和有决心的；C.Independent and helpful独立的和乐于助人的；D.Adventurous and realistic冒险的和现实的。故选B。
本文为记叙文。本文主要介绍了中国网球小将郑钦文第一次参加法国网球公开赛就证明了自己的天赋、实力和决心，法网的历练，也让郑钦文更坚定了自己的梦想。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】C、A、A、D
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过一系列的研究实验发现无聊可以激发创造力。
1.
根据第二段中的Feeling disengaged from the task in hand, or a lack of stimulation (刺激), does have its benefits, according to researchers at the University of Central Lancashire.（中央兰开夏大学的研究人员表示，对手头工作感到心不在焉或缺乏刺激确实有好处。）可推断，作者在第二段中暗示了无聊可能是件好事。故选C。
2.
根据第三段中的For example, if you decide there's nothing worth…since childhood.（例如，如果你觉得没有什么值得看的电视节目，你可以选择关掉它，培养新的爱好。研究人员表示，这可以解释为什么在过去两年的封锁中，到童年以来首次拿起画笔的人们的创造力激增。）可知，无聊刺激了人们使得人们出现了创造力的激增。故选A。
3.
根据第四段中的People who'd taken part in a bean-sorting task later performed better at coming up with creative ideas than another group who'd been given something more interesting to do first.（与另一组先做更有趣的事情的人相比，后来参加豆子分类任务的人在想出创造性想法方面表现得更好。）可知，这个实验室为了证明无聊可以激发创造力，所以推断2019年研究中的豆类分类任务的目的是创造一个无聊的环境。故选A。
4.
根据第一段内容（感觉有点无聊？它可能正是你所需要的，让你产生最好的想法，激发你的创造力，或者只是让你的大脑休息一下。）及全文可知，本文主要介绍了通过一系列的研究实验发现无聊可以激发创造力。所以 D项（无聊让我们更有创造力吗？）作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
12~15.【答案】D、C、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段A group of Indian and US researchers first came across the local species hidden in leaf-litter as part of a wider project to look for new frogs，lizards and snakes in the richly biodiverse region and stored it in a jar for later study.Genetic testing and a closer look at its shape，colouring and other features has shown that it doesn't match any existing species.（一组印度和美国的研究人员最初发现了隐藏在落叶中的当地物种，这是在生物多样性丰富的地区寻找新的青蛙、蜥蜴和蛇的更广泛项目的一部分，并将其储存在一个罐子中，以备日后研究。基因测试和对其形状、颜色和其他特征的仔细观察表明，它与任何现存物种都不匹配。）可知，研究人员首次发现了隐藏在落叶中的当地物种并将其储存在一个罐子中，后来研究表明它与任何现存物种都不匹配。由此可知，研究人员对发现的新物种进行了后续的研究。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Kartik Shanker of the Indian Institute of Science，who helped design the study，says while it is common to find new frogs in India，this one needs to be noticed. "This particular species not just is a new species，but also belongs to a new genus （属），and that makes it a little more special，" says Shanker.（协助设计这项研究的印度科学研究所的Kartik Shanker表示，虽然在印度发现新青蛙很常见，但这一点需要引起注意。Shanker说："这个特殊的物种不仅是一个新物种，而且属于一个新属，这使它有点特别。"）可知，发现的新物种有点特别，值得被关注。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。从最后一段"But the new species was found in a reserved forest，meaning it will enjoy a degree of protection by Indian government agencies."（但这种新物种是在一片保留林中发现的，这意味着它将受到印度政府机构的一定程度的保护。）可知，发现的新物种会在一定程度上受到政府的保护，这就意味着它面临的危险可能就更少。故选B。
（4）标题概括题。阅读全文，并根据第一段A "secretive" new species of frog has been discovered on the forest floor in India's Western Ghat mountain range.（在印度西高特山脉的森林地面上发现了一种新的"神秘"青蛙。）可知，本文主要介绍了在印度发现的一种新的青蛙，选项C"印度发现的一种神秘青蛙"符合文章主旨，可作为最佳标题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在印度发现的一种新的青蛙以及它的特征等。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】B、D、E、G、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据后句make the most of the four years（充分利用这四年），可知B项College is the perfect time to learn and grow（大学是学习和成长的最佳时机）与下文给出的建议衔接自然。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句At the beginning of the school year，most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting new members（在学年开始时，大多数大学都会举办一个组织展览会，在那里校园里的每个俱乐部都会招募新成员）；以及后文By chatting with old club members，you can decide where you'll fit best（通过和俱乐部的老会员聊天，你可以决定你最适合哪里），可知D项The event gives you an idea of each organization（该活动让你了解每个组织）符合语境，选项中的The event指代上文的an organization fair。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句For example，professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings（例如，专业协会经常举行会议，并发出有关行业动态的通讯），可知E项It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation（它还可以让你在毕业后找到一份理想的工作）相呼应符合题意，It指代上文的提到的那件事。故选E。
（4）推理判断题。根据上句Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located（参加志愿工作是一种切实可行的方式，可以让你所在大学所在的当地社区有所作为）；以及后文It shows a new side of the place you'll call home for the next several years（它展示了这个你未来几年称之为家的地方的另一面），可知G项Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in（志愿服务有助于你感受到与你生活的社区的联系）符合语境，下文的It指代选项中的Volunteering。故选G。
（5）推理判断题。根据后句But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it（但是，在休息的时候到美国转转是一个很好的机会，可以看到更多的美国），可知F项Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year（念书时出国旅行可能很困难）符合前后的转折关系，指出学习时旅行不是那么容易的。故选F。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了在美国大学学习时参与社区志愿活动可以提升自己，并且对于以后的工作也有帮助。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】C、A、D、C、A、B、A、D、B、C、A、C、A、B、C
【解析】（1）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.look after照顾；B.send for召唤，派人去请；C.pick up开车接；D.call on号召。句意：一天早上，大雨倾盆而下，他和班长瓦伦丁接到电话，去接一个错过公交车的学生。根据上文Edmond was a school bus driver和下文What（2）them was that the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.可知，爱德蒙和班长去接一个错过公交车的学生。故选C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.discouraged使沮丧；B.bored使厌烦；C.excited使激动；D.impressed使印象深刻。句意：让他们沮丧的是，他们到达指定地点时学生没有出现。根据上文the rain pouring down和下文the student didn't turn up when they reached the specified place.可知，那天早上大雨倾盆，他们专门去接那名学生，但学生却没有出现，这让他们很沮丧。故选A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.dream梦想；B.goal目标；C.success成功；D.mission使命，任务。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁没想到他们还有更大的任务要完成。根据下文可知，爱德蒙和瓦伦丁在洪水中救出被困小孩，这是一个更大的任务。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.diving潜水；B.playing玩耍；C.stuck（在……中）卡住，陷住；D.prepared准备。句意：就在拐角处，他们发现两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。根据下文The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a（5）to avoid being swept away.可知，两个孩子被困在汹涌的洪水中。故选C。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.tree树；B.belt腰带；C.seat座位；D.bus公交车。句意：男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树，以免被卷走。根据下文the group made combined efforts to（12）the boy and the girl from the tree可知，此处指男孩和女孩挣扎着抓住一棵树。故选A。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.offer提供；B.wait等待；C.pretend假装；D.long期待。句意：爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们，但他们都不会游泳。根据语境和常识可知，当时情况危急，所以爱德蒙和瓦伦丁迫不及待地想救他们。couldn't wait to do sth.意为"迫不及待地做某事"。故选B。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.lives生命；B.future将来；C.jobs工作；D.family家庭。句意：采取行动意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。根据上文but neither could swim可知，他们都不会游泳，在如此危急的情况下救人肯定意味着将自己的生命置于危险之中。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.covered覆盖；B.decorated装饰；C.filled填充；D.equipped安装。句意：由于这辆巴士是为有特殊需要的儿童而设计的，所以它配备了可拆卸的安全带。根据上文Since the bus was for special needs children可知，此处指它配备了可拆卸的安全带。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.suggestion建议；B.idea主意；C.belief信念；D.conclusion结论。句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。根据下文Immediately they tied the seat belts together so as to（10）the children.可知，这是他们想到的主意。故选B。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.lock锁；B.search寻找；C.reach到达，能伸到；D.hang悬挂。句意：他们有了主意。他们立即把安全带系在一起，以便够到孩子们。根据句中they tied the seat belts together可知，他们把安全带系在一起是为了够到孩子们。故选C。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.assist帮助；B.cheer欢呼；C.respond回应；D.watch观看。句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。根据下文the group made combined efforts可知，附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙。故选A。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.protect保护；B.tell告诉；C.free释放，使解脱；D.tear撕。句意：附近的邻居们也来到这里帮忙，小组共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。根据上文The boy and the girl were struggling to hold onto a（5）to avoid being swept away.可知，两个孩子之前挣扎着抓住一棵树，他们通过把安全带系在一起把男孩和女孩从树上解救出来。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.extended延申；B.pushed推；C.threw扔；D.kicked踢。句意：他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来，直到爱德蒙牢牢抓住孩子们，把他们拉到安全的地方。根据语境可知，他们制造了一条人链，把系好的皮带伸出来去，把他们拉到安全的地方。故选A。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.proud自豪的；B.appreciative感激的；C.fond喜爱的；D.tired厌烦的。句意：这两个孩子很感激爱德蒙，给了他一个大大的拥抱。根据下文giving him a big hug以及常识可知，孩子被营救出来，肯定心存感激。故选B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.attitude态度；B.description描述；C.action行动；D.fortune运气。句意：这一伟大的救援行动在社交媒体上疯传，并赢得了各方的赞扬。根据上文可知，爱德蒙和附近的邻居们共同努力将男孩和女孩从树上解救出来，所以这是一次救援行动。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了校车司机爱德蒙和班长瓦伦丁在大雨倾盆的早上救出被洪水围困的两个孩子的故事。
做完形填空题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文，了解大意的基础上，便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配，并从上下文中找关键性暗示，注意前后对照，逐句精读，逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后，应再次通读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】【小题1】as
【小题2】to break
【小题3】paid
【小题4】were shared
【小题5】so
【小题6】an
【小题7】What
【小题8】delivering
【小题9】remarkably
【小题10】cooperation
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：中国重庆在不到10天的时间里扑灭了10多起森林大火，世界见证了被称为"重庆速度"的人们团结一致的行动。be described as是固定短语"被称为……"，符合题意。故填as。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：8月17日，史无前例的热浪导致这座山城爆发森林大火。分析句子结构可知，caused"导致"在句中作谓语，空格处的动词为非谓语。此题考查cause+宾语+to do sth的结构，意为"使……做某事，导致……"。动词不定式做宾补，故填to break。
（3）考查时态。句意：在中国应急管理部门的领导下，消防队员、警察和数万名志愿者的巨大努力得到了回报，所有明火于8月26日被完全扑灭。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，且描述的是这些人过去扑灭山火时的努力得到了回报，故时态为一般过去时。固定短语pay off意为"取得成功，得到回报"时，为不及物动词短语，故用主动语态。故填paid。
（4）考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在接下来的几天里，大量关于这场火灾救援的故事、图片和视频在中国的社交媒体上被分享。分析句子可知，提示词share"分享"在句中作谓语。根据前后文，可知，该句讲述的是过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，且"故事，图片和视频"是被分享的，share要用被动语态，句子的主语stories，pictures and videos是复数，所以构成被动语态的be动词用were。故填were shared。
（5）考查副词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子可知，此处是填入副词来修饰形容词striking"引人注目的，惊人的"。结合句意及that可知，此处考查so…that句型，意为"如此……以至于……"。故填so。
（6）考查冠词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子可知，该句中的hit为名词。结合句意，hit在该句中意为"很受欢迎的人（或事物）"，是可数名词，以单数形式出现时，前要有冠词来限定，该句中是泛指，故用不定冠词，且instant是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词要用an。故填an。
（7）考查主语从句。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的"人墙"。分析句子可知，空格处用来引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。What引导名词性从句时，翻译比较灵活，可翻译为"……的人/事物"，且可作主语、宾语、表语，符合题意。故填What。
（8）考查现在分词。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的"人墙"。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作名词teams的定语，且teams"队伍"与deliver"运送"为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动。故填delivering。
（9）考查副词。句意：其中，90年代中期到21世纪初期初出生的Z世代在整个救援工作中发挥了非常重要的作用。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词来修饰形容词important。提示词remarkable为形容词，意为"引人注目的，非凡的"，其副词变形为remarkably。故填remarkably。
（10）考查名词。句意：这些年轻人毫不犹豫地冲向火灾现场的第一线，用他们的勇敢、智慧和合作展示了中国年轻一代的希望和力量。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词与bravery，wisdom"勇敢，智慧"作并列宾语。提示词cooperate为动词，意为"合作"，其名词变形为cooperation，且为不可数名词。故填cooperation。
本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了了重庆山火期间，在中国各方人士的共同努力下，很快取得了成功，向世界展示了"重庆速度"，也展示了中国年青一代的希望和力量。
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
37.【答案】Dear David，
I'm just writing to say congratulations on your wonderful speech last Friday.It was not an easy task for an exchange student to make a speech for all of us students and I'm so glad it turned out to be a great success.【高分句型一】（表述祝贺）
You were well prepared and the content was easy to follow.All of us were really impressed by your speech.Thanks to your instructions and encouragement，I'm sure everyone in our school is more enthusiastic about learning English and promoting Chinese culture now.【高分句型二】（你的感受）
Thank you again for sharing wonderful ideas with us.We are looking forward to your next presentation.
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：It was not an easy task for an exchange student to make a speech for all of us students and I'm so glad it turned out to be a great success.
翻译：对于交换生来说，为我们所有的学生发表演讲不是一件容易的事，我很高兴这件事最终取得了巨大的成功。
分析：本句中，it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式to make a speech for all of us students。
高分句型二：Thanks to your instructions and encouragement，I'm sure everyone in our school is more enthusiastic about learning English and promoting Chinese culture now.
翻译：感谢您的指导和鼓励，我相信我们学校的每个人现在都对学习英语和推广中国文化更加热情。
分析：本句使用了固定搭配be enthusiastic about意为"对......热情"。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Tom noticed the flame was reaching up.Frozen with fear，he stood rooted to the spot.He comprehended the gravity of the situation and held Jane's hand tightly.By then，both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging.Time seemed to stand still，though they were probably there for only two or three minutes.【高分句型一】Tom begged Jane to run for safety as quickly as possible.Jane tried to shield her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head.She kept pounding against the door.Tom burst out crying.（简和汤姆救人的艰辛过程。）
Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and of fered help.A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Jane's mind.She told them Makcik must be still in the room.They forced the door open with all their might.Sure enough，Makcik was lying in bed，unconscious.She was carried downstairs.And then some neighbours rushed her to the hospital，where she finally came to herself.【高分句型二】People in the neighbourhood felt relieved.Jane and Tom's joy was immense.（在邻居的帮助下，那位70多岁的老妇人获救以及简和汤姆的心情。）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，叙述了十岁的汤姆和他的姐姐清晨发现所住的公寓发生火灾，简和汤姆冲出门，穿过烟雾沿着走廊走去，他们正朝走廊尽头的楼梯走去，这时简停住了脚步。她转过身，简突然想起了住在他们隔壁的那位70多岁的老妇人。
高分句型一 Time seemed to stand still，though they were probably there for only two or three minutes.
翻译：时间似乎静止不动，尽管他们可能只呆了两三分钟。
分析：句中使用了由though引导的让步状语从句。
高分句型二 And then some neighbours rushed her to the hospital，where she finally came to herself.
翻译：然后一些邻居把她送到医院，她终于苏醒过来。
分析：句中使用了where引导的非限制性定语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生 "顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（ 2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的 "注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（ 3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（ 4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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