2022-2023学年福建省宁德市高二上学期居家检测英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年福建省宁德市高二上学期居家检测英语试题（解析版），共27页。试卷主要包含了本试卷共12页，答题前，考生务必将自己的班级等内容，欢迎下载使用。

宁德市2022—2023学年度第一学期高二居家检测
英语试题
注意事项：
1、本试卷共12页。满分150分。答题时间120分钟。
2、答题前，考生务必将自己的班级、姓名填写在试卷的相应位置。
3、全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers probably?
A. On a mountain. B. On a train. C. On a boat.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Quickly, get the camera out. I need to take a photo of this landscape before we pass by. The mountains are so beautiful.
M: Be careful not to drop it, though. It’ll sink in a second and I can’t swim.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Nurse and patient. C. Boss and employee.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Could you please explain the homework for Monday again, Mr. Smith?
M: Certainly. Read the next chapter and prepare to discuss what you have read.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place?
A. In the classroom. B. In the dormitory. C. In the library.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Have you seen my book?
M: I remember you had it in your hand when you left the classroom.
W: But then we had lunch in the canteen and went to the library. We’ve been back in the dormitory for hours.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the speakers do first?
A. Check out late. B. Swim in the pool. C. Head to the airport.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: What time should we check out?
M: Check-out time is at 11:00 a.m., but you can request a late check-out for an extra £10. Should we do that?
W: Why not? Then we can sleep in and relax by the pool before we head to the airport.
5. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does Eric think of his new classmates?
A. They are distant. B. They are impolite. C. They are talkative.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: You don’t sound very happy, Eric. Are you okay?
M: I am a bit sad. Though my new classmates are very polite, they don’t talk to me much. It seems like there is some kind of barrier between us.
W: That’s hard ... Hopefully they will be more open as they get to know you more.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. Why did the man come to see the woman?
A. To find a job. B. To drop a class. C. To contact a professor.
7. What’s the most important part of the form?
A. The man’s personal details.
B. The professor’s signature.
C. The man’s reason for doing that.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi. I need to drop my English 210 class. Is it too late to do that without getting an incomplete?
W: No, it’s not, but you must have the professor sign a form and turn it in to this office by next Friday.
M: Is that all?
W: You have to fill out the form as well. The most important part of the form is your explanation for why you want to drop the class. In order to avoid getting an incomplete, you have to have an acceptable reason for wanting to drop the class.
M: My dad just went back to the hospital. I need to get a part-time job to help pay for his medical expenses, but I’m worried that I’m taking too many classes to do that.
W: That’s perfectly acceptable. Just write that down on the form, fill in the rest of your personal details, and sign at the bottom.
M: OK, now what?
W: Take this form to your professor, have him sign it, and then bring it back to us.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What is the man?
A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver.
9. What is the man doing for the woman?
A. Looking for some local foods.
B. Showing her around the seaside.
C. Offering information about a hotel.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
【原文】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. What does the woman recommend at first?
A. Roast beef. B. Castle steak. C. Roast chicken.
11. What kind of soup does the man order?
A. The cream of mushroom soup. B. The tomato and egg soup. C. The chicken soup.
12. What dessert does the man order?
A. Ice cream. B. Rice pudding. C. Peach pie.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: May I take your order, Sir?
M: Well, it’s very hard to decide. Is there any particular dish you would recommend?
W: The roast chicken is very good tonight.
M: I’m not very fond of chicken. I feel like a porterhouse steak tonight. What is this castle steak on the menu?
W: It’s a small steak cooked on a grill.
M: Oh!
W: Maybe you’d like to try today’s special—roast beef, which includes appetizer, soup, salad, choice of dessert, and tea or coffee.
M: I think I’ll try that.
W: What appetizer would you like?
M: I’ll have the fruit cocktail.
W: And the soup?
M: I’ll have the cream of mushroom soup, and I’d like French dressing on my salad.
W: Very well, Sir.
M: Can I order my dessert now?
W: Yes, of course. We have pumpkin layer pie, peach pie, rice pudding, ice cream, and chocolate cake.
M: I’ll have rice pudding and black coffee.
W: OK, Sir.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A At an airport. B. At home. C. At a restaurant.
14. What is the man dissatisfied with about the flight?
A. The service. B. The movie. C. The food.
【答案】13. A 14. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Peter!
M: Hi, Cindy!
W: Great to see you again! Welcome to London!
M: Thanks. It’s great to be here finally.
W: So, how are you? How was your journey?
M: Well, the flight was forty-five minutes late but after that, it was fine. Its service was very good. The in­flight movies were really cool but there wasn’t much food, so I’m kind of hungry now!
W: Oh, you poor thing! Well, it will be a long drive home, so why don’t we get some breakfast around here first? Look, there’s a restaurant over there.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

15. Why does the man feel discouraged?
A. Because he put on weight.
B. Because he didn’t make it to the team.
C. Because he couldn’t resist the dishes and snacks.
16. What does the woman think the man should do?
A. Join a fitness programme.
B. Keep himself healthy.
C. Stop eating dishes and snacks.
【答案】15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Tiffany.
W: Hi, Mark. You look very sad today.
M: You know, I scored 15 goals last year, but I was still not selected for the team. It just doesn’t make sense.
W: Well, I believe you’ve put on some pounds right? Since your coming back after the spring break, you’re not the player you used to be.
M: Yeah, I admit I just couldn’t resist the dishes and snacks my mum made every day.
W: How about us setting up a fitness programme for you to lose weight?
M: OK. How long will it take?
W: To get you back in shape, at least a month.
M: A month? I cannot do a month!
W: If you want to be back in the team, that’s what you need to do.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. Why did the speaker come to China?
A. To study. B. To do business. C. To visit friends.
18. How long did the speaker stay in China?
A. About 2 weeks. B. About 10 weeks. C. About 3 months.
19. What did the speaker fail to find on her own?
A. Salad. B. Bread. C. Tomato sauce.
20. How did the woman understand what the speaker wanted?
A. By using hand gestures.
B. By asking for her son’s help.
C. By using a translator device.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】 W: Last year, I went to China as an exchange student. Mrs. Zhang, one of my father’s Chinese business partners became my caretaker, but she was very busy, so basically I had to take care of myself while I was not at school. At the second day after my arrival, I went to a supermarket searching for basic food stuffs. Only then did I realize my 12-week stay in China was going to be tough — everything was in Chinese. I managed to find bread, salad and ham, however, I just couldn’t locate the whereabouts of the thing I was dying of — tomato sauce. What’s worse, hardly could anybody understand what I was trying to ask. I was almost on the edge of crying. Then, a woman approached me and asked me if everything was okay by using hand gestures. I asked her where I could find tomato sauce, but she didn’t know English, either. Then, she dialed a number on her cellphone and passed it to me — It was her son. He talked to me in English and asked me what I needed. He then translated that back to his mother and she took me to the section. In a strange place, if someone tries to do even this much for you, it is enough in taking a leap of faith.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Stories are loved by people of all ages. Stories for kids play a major role in shaping their personalities. Below is a list of some of the best short stories for kids that we’re sure that your child would enjoy reading:
Panchatantra Stories in English
Most children stories significantly focus on teaching morals to kids. Panchatantra stories for kids are designed with the same motive. These are the oldest short moral stories for kids. These amazing small stories for kids in English from Panchatantra have reached an audience worldwide. To attract your kids with exciting stories, we provide you with our versions of some of the most famous and loved Panchatantra Stories for kids.
Fairy Tales Stories
Fairy Tales stories are loved by kids. The world of fantasy attracts everyone. These children stories give them a chance to leap into a world full of possibilities and imagination as well as moral lessons. They build their own versions of the fairies. Thus, such short stories for kids in English can build better creativity in children.
Moral Stories for Kids in English
Moral stories for children are those stories that convey moral values, which are crucial during their upbringing. Usually, moral stories for kids convey principles such as love, respect, honesty, virtues, etc. to their readers. Short moral stories for kids fill kids with a better understanding of what is considered good and what is termed as bad.
Akbar Birbal Stories
For generations, Akbar Birbal Stories have been enjoyed thoroughly by every kid. Akbar and Birbal Stories are a great combination of fun, wit, humour and moral values. These English stories for kids entertain, bring smiles and teach life lessons in effortless ways.
21. Who is the text intended for?
A. Kids. B. Teachers. C. Parents. D. Storywriters.
22. Which stories can encourage children’s innovative thinking?
A. Fairy Tales Stories.
B. Akbar Birbal Stories.
C. Panchatantra Stories in English.
D. Moral Stories for Kids in English.
23. What do these stories have in common?
A. They convey moral values.
B. They are humorous and amusing.
C. Some versions are written by kids.
D. They are stories for people of all ages.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是孩子会喜欢阅读的短篇故事。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Below is a list of some of the best short stories for kids that we’re sure that your child would enjoy reading(以下是一些最好的短篇故事，我们相信您的孩子会喜欢阅读)”可知，这篇文章是写给父母的，故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fairy Tales Stories部分的“Thus, such short stories for kids in English can build better creativity in children.(因此，这样的英语短篇故事可以更好地培养孩子的创造力。)”可知，Fairy Tales Stories可以激发孩子的创新思维，故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Panchatantra Stories in English部分的“Most children stories significantly focus on teaching morals to kids.(大多数儿童故事都着重于教育孩子道德。)”，Fairy Tales Stories部分的“These children stories give them a chance to leap into a world full of possibilities and imagination as well as moral lessons.(这些儿童故事给他们一个机会，跳跃到一个充满可能性和想象力的世界，以及道德课程。)”，Moral Stories for Kids in English部分的“Moral stories for children are those stories that convey moral values, which are crucial during their upbringing.(儿童道德故事是那些传达道德价值观的故事，这在他们的成长过程中至关重要。)”和Akbar Birbal Stories部分的“Akbar and Birbal Stories are a great combination of fun, wit, humour and moral values.(阿克巴和伯巴尔的故事是一个伟大的组合的乐趣，智慧，幽默和道德价值观。)”可知，这些故事的共同点是它们都传达着道德价值观。故选A。
B
A few years ago, I stood in a small classroom just outside of New York City, watching a high schooler named Serena Stevenson answer math questions. An instructor read outnumbers — 74,470, 70,809, 98,402 — and Stevenson added them in her head. For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the problems correctly.
The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus. Stevenson used a practice called “mental abacus”, imagining the abacus in her mind and then using her fingers to work through the problems.
From watching Stevenson, I knew that gaining skill at the abacus was more than a matter of counting beads, so I decided to sign up for an abacus course with my two daughters to see if we could also improve our math skills. I was one of the many who had some math doubts and I felt a touch of fear. My typical solution was avoidance, and if I had to calculate something like a percentage change, I would go online.
Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less frightening. I didn’t become Euclid, the founder of geometry. But the practice brought my numerical fears down. This is a time-tested power of the abacus. Confidence grows easily in the device, and abacus students are less likely to be nervous about an upcoming math test, according to one study. Part of the reason, it seems, is that practice and outcomes appear to move in step.
My kids gained much as well. My youngest daughter could work out those math problems that once baffled her, while my older child brought her abacus to school to show it to her classmates and teacher. These were just small successes for them, but that was how they finally developed confidence.
24. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To prove the difficulty of math. B. To introduce the topic of the abacus.
C. To show the high intelligence of Stevenson. D. To stress the importance of abacus learning.
25. What do we know about the author from paragraph 3?
A. He was weak in math. B. He was good at computer.
C. He regarded math as useful. D. He had a close relationship with kids.
26. What does the author realize from his learning experience?
A. Knowledge starts with practice. B. It’s never too late to learn.
C. Faith can move mountains. D. Practice makes perfect.
27. What does the underlined word “baffled” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Bored. B. Inspired. C. Defeated. D. Interested.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者自己和孩子学习珠算的故事，得出了“熟能生巧”的道理。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“For each question, she closed her eyes, and then the fingers of her right hand began to move. She answered most of the problems correctly.(对于每一个问题，她都闭上眼睛，然后她右手的手指开始移动。她正确地回答了大部分问题)”以及第二段“The key to her success was an ancient technology called the abacus.(她成功的关键是一种叫做算盘的古老技术)”可推知，第一段的主要目的是引出算盘这个主题。故选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“From watching Stevenson, I knew that gaining skills on the abacus was more than a matter of counting beads, so I decided to sign up for an abacus course with my two daughters to see if we could also improve our math skills. I was one of the many who held some math doubts and I felt a touch of fear of math. My typical solution was avoidance, and if I had to calculate something like a percentage change, I would go online.(通过观察史蒂文森，我知道掌握珠算技能不仅仅是数珠子，所以我决定和我的两个女儿报名参加一个珠算课程，看看我们是否也能提高我们的数学技能。我是许多对数学有疑虑的人之一，我对数学有一丝恐惧。我的典型解决方案是回避，如果我必须计算一个百分比变化，我会上网)”可推知，作者的数学不好。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Then after a few abacus classes and a good amount of practice, math seemed a little less frightening. I didn’t become Euclid, the founder of geometry. But the practice brought my numerical fears down. This is a time-tested power of the abacus.(经过几节算盘课和大量的练习，数学似乎没那么可怕了。我没有成为欧几里得，几何学的奠基人。但这种做法消除了我对数字的恐惧。这是一种久经考验的算盘的力量)”可推知，作者从他的学习经历中意识到熟能生巧。故选D。
【27题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“These were just small successes for them, but that was how they finally developed confidence.(对他们来说，这些只是小小的成功，但这就是她们最终建立自信的方式)”以及画线词上文“My kids gained much as well. My youngest daughter could work out those math problems that once baffled her (孩子们也从算盘中收获良多，最小的女儿也解开了曾经baffled自己的数学题)”可知，孩子们学算盘学的不错，获得成功，可得出最小的女儿也解开了曾经打败自己的数学题，故画线词意思是“打败”。故选C。
C
Rolling hills and endless green lands—those images are easy to come into your mind when thinking of the charming country lifestyle. When lockdowns fell on many countries across the world during the pandemic, social media seemed to be dominated by pictures of cottages and village life. So, why is living in the countryside becoming a modern fantasy and are there benefits to considering a slower pace of life?
It makes sense that some people would want to give up the crowded and noisy city streets for the quietness of the traditional country life, especially during an event like a pandemic. The lockdowns and extensive periods of working from home have given people time to think about what they want from life. But it’s not just about having a greener place to look at out of your window.
There is more evidence that relates to the benefits of rural living. Villages aren’t normally subject to the stop-go traffic we see in city centres, the buses fighting with taxis for dominance, or subway systems with trains that scream from one station to the next. In short, there’s less air pollution in your country retreat (隐居处), a thing which increases the chances of developing lung or heart disease. You also get more opportunities to take long walks and see the sights, meaning you can get more exercise. Less noise, more walks and better air can also lead to less stress and an increased life expectancy.
However, there are some things that need to be considered. Living far from the crowded and noisy city means that some people may feel separated or even lonely. And as people get older, life far from doctors or public transport could become a bit of a challenge. So, if you’re considering a change of pace and moving to a picturesque village, there is a range of pros and cons to consider before doing it.
28. What do the underlined words “a thing” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Air Pollution. B. Country Retreat. C. Evidence. D. Scream.
29. Which of the following is the potential issues with moving to the country?
①Conservative lifestyle.
②Feeling cut off from the world.
③Difficult to get to the doctors.
④Poor public transport.
⑤Less exercise.
A. ①②③ B. ②③⑤ C. ②③④ D. ③④⑤
30. What is the best title for the text?
A. The Guide to Rural Living
B. The Memory of Village Life
C. Living Far from the City—A bit of Challenge
D. Living in the Countryside—A Modern Fantasy
31 What is the tone of the author in the last paragraph?
A. Indifferent. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Pessimistic.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要叙述了居住在乡村的好处和坏处。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前“there’s less air pollution in your country retreat ( 隐居处)(乡间居住处的空气污染比较少)”以及划线后进一步解释了这件事带来的后果“which increases the chances of developing lung or heart disease(这会增加患肺病或心脏病的几率)”由此可推测出，“a thing”指的是划线上文所说的空气污染，作同位语，进一步解释空气污染带来的身体伤害。故选A项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Living far from the crowded and noisy city means that some people may feel separated or even lonely. And as people get older, life far from doctors or public transport could become a bit of a challenge.(远离拥挤嘈杂的城市意味着一些人可能会感到与世隔绝，甚至孤独。随着人们年龄的增长，远离医生或公共交通的生活可能会成为一个挑战。)”可知，搬到乡村居住也会有一些问题需要考虑，比如有人会觉得与世隔绝，同时看病和公共交通都不方便。故选C项。
30题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要论述住在乡村的利弊，尤其是文章第一段最后一句“So, why is living in the countryside becoming a modern fantasy and are there benefits to considering a slower pace of life?(那么，为什么生活在乡村会成为一种现代幻想，考虑放慢生活节奏会有好处吗？)”就点明该文的主题：生活在乡村成为一种现代幻想，因此D项“Living in the Countryside—A Modern Fantasy(住在乡下——一个现代的幻想)”与原文相一致，最适合作为标题。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“So, if you’re considering a change of pace and moving to a picturesque village, there is a range of pros and cons to consider before doing it.(因此，如果你正在考虑改变生活的步伐，搬到一个风景如画的村庄，在这样做之前，有一系列的利弊需要考虑。)”可知，这是一句总结句，作者在文章中秉持客观的态度建议人们在搬到乡村之前，要考虑其好坏，而不是只论述一方面。故选B项。
D
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
32. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A. They developed very fast. B. They were large in number.
C. They had similar patters. D. They were closely connected
33. Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2？
A. Complex. B. Advanced.
C. Powerful. D. Modern.
34. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?
A. About 6,800 . B. About 3,400
C. About 2,400 D. About 1,200.
35. What is the main idea of the text?
A. New languages will be created.
B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C. Human development results in fewer languages.
D. Geography determines language evolution.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other... when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.可知，当世界以依靠狩猎为生的人组成的时候，小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的讲话模式……当世界上的人口数量不到一千万时，语言种类达到了12,000种。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。
【33题详解】
猜测词义题。根据文章第二段中的dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在快速替代其他语言。由此推知dominant languages意为“强有力的语言”。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.和The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言，但是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨要义题。根据文章第一段中的主题句Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近语言产生的少，消失的太多。故选C。
点睛：长难句解读
In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
分析：dominant前的and连接两个并列句，all和前面的名词短语trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications是同位语。
句意：在最近的几个世纪，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和全球义务教育的普及，尤其是过去几十年来，全球化和更好的交流，这些都导致许多语言消失。而且像英语、西班牙语和汉语等主流语言正日益占据主导地位。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sometimes, the stress, fear and grief feelings can overwhelm(压倒) us. It’s fortunate that self-care is more widespread for people of any age to use. It is used to describe guidance on what people can do to get healthy. ____36____ .
Settle your mind. Self-care can help ease the mental burden. What happens to be simple, efficient and free is meditation(冥想). ____37____ . The positive effect of meditation on anxiety, depression, focus and even physical pain has been so well-established that it is now used in schools, on sports teams and in corporate offices.
Roll away stress. When you're under stress, overwhelmed, regular exercise can be one of the first healthy habits to go. Moving your body is a core principle of self-care and one of the best defenses against stress. Melanie Caines, a yoga teacher, suggests movement needn’t mean doing a serious workout every day. “A little goes a long way. ____38____.” she says.
____39____ An important self-care way is to be mindful about what you’re eating and consider adding some nutritional support. This means a balanced diet that is right for your needs. But one commonly overlooked piece, according to Toronto naturopathic(自然疗法的) doctor Nikita Sander, is Vitamin D. She notes that the nutrient is protective in many ways and h key for mental health. It helps protect against mood disorders like depression.
Generally speaking, self-care, as the name suggests, is whatever you make it. ____40____ You can develop your own self-care routine, a set of practices and habits to follow.
A. Get your vitamins.
B. Keep balanced diets.
C Here are some starting points.
D. Self-care can extend in many directions.
E. Gentle exercises can do a lot to relax your entire body.
F. That is, letting your mind wander freely allows it to settle.
G. It can be difficult to maintain a regular meditation practice.
【答案】36. C 37. F 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，面对生活的压力，我们应该学会护理，因为自我护理可以让我们保持身心健康。文章介绍了一些自我护理的方法。
【36题详解】
根据空格前一句“It is used to describe guidance on what people can do to get healthy.(它被用来描述人们可以做什么来获得健康的指导)”可知，自我护理可以帮助人们获得健康的指导。然后再结合下面各段的小标题，所以本空应该总述可以从多个方面来进行自我护理。那么C项Here are some starting points(以下是一些出发点)统领下文。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据空格前一句“What happens to be simple, efficient and free is meditation(冥想恰好是简单、有效和自由的)”可知，此处描述了冥想的一些特征。然后再结合空格后一句“The positive effect of meditation on anxiety, depression, focus and even physical pain has been so well-established that it is now used in schools, on sports teams and in corporate offices.(冥想对焦虑、抑郁、注意力集中甚至身体疼痛都有积极的影响，这种影响已经被广泛应用于学校、运动队和公司办公室)”可知，冥想会对身体带来许多好处。由此可知，空格处应该讲述通过冥想的特点所带来好处。那么F项That is, letting your mind wander freely allows it to settle(也就是说，让你的思想自由地漫游可以让它安定下来)中让思想自由的漫游就是冥想的特点。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据空格前Melanie Caines, a yoga teacher, suggests movement needn’t mean doing a serious workout every day.(瑜伽老师梅勒妮·凯恩建议，运动并不意味着每天都要做大量的锻炼)”以及“A little goes a long way(一点点就能走得很远)”可知，运动不需要很大的量也不需要高强度，适度的、温和的运动才会对身体带来好处。所以本空应该讲适度运动所带来的好处。那么E项Gentle exercises can do a lot to relax your entire body(温和的运动可以很好地放松你的整个身体)承接上文。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据空格后的第一句“An important self-care way is to be mindful about what you’re eating and consider adding some nutritional support.(一个重要的自我护理方式是注意你的饮食，并考虑添加一些营养物)”以及“But one commonly overlooked piece, according to Toronto naturopathic(自然疗法的) doctor Nikita Sander, is Vitamin D. She notes that the nutrient is protective in many ways and h key for mental health. (但据多伦多的自然疗法医生尼基塔·桑德(Nikita Sander)说，维生素D是一个经常被忽视的东西。她指出，这种营养物质在很多方面都有保护作用，是心理健康的关键)”可知，自我护理的一个重要方式就是注意膳食，尤其是补充维生素D。所以本段主要表达的意思就是要注意补充维生素。那么A项Get your vitamins(补充维生素)满足本段段意。故选A。
【40题详解】
根据空格后一句“You can develop your own self-care routine, a set of practices and habits to follow (你可以建立自己的自我护理程序，一套可以遵循的习惯和习惯)”可知，可以根据自身的特点制定自己的自我护理。由此可知，空格处讲述的应该是自我护理不单单只是之前所提到的那些方面，它还可以涵盖许多方面。那么D项Self-care can extend in many directions(自我护理可以延伸到很多方面)引出下文。故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our ___41___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we ___42___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___43___ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was ___44___, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So ___45___ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It ___46___ — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___47___, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___48___ our peaceful morning trip. The ___49___ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to ______50______ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No ______51______. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there ______52______, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were ______53______.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of ______54______, wondering what camping fun and ______55______ we will experience next.
41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas想法；B. jokes笑话；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可知，作者在讲述以前一些经历，这些经历回想起来很有趣，因此作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历，而此处作者讲述的是其中的一次经历，他们一起在溪边露营。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可知，作者把一根绳子系在儿子的腰上就是怕自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以可知作者对此是很担心的。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可知，孩子之所以哭是因为身上被绑绳子而感觉不舒服。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于；B. instead of代替，而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was___4___, and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可知，因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者换了另一种方式，选择密切关注他，而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可知，孩子没有掉进小溪里是因为作者在密切关注着他，以防他掉下去，因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他绑起来的方式起作用了。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册，报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房，结账离开；D. headed off启程，出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可知，天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可知，因为风暴来临，所以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”以及下文的“thunder rolled.”可知，天气变得很糟糕，大风刮了起来。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者他们被困在湖中央，是因为马达坏了，发动不起来，因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，船依然无法启动，因此可知他们运气很差，没有好运。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知，作者他们得到了渔夫的帮助，因此作者和家人安全了。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。根据上文的“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage”以及下文的“wondering what camping fun”可知，作者他们一看到丈夫把露营车拉出来时，他们就会想知道接下来露营的乐趣是怎么样的，因此可知作者他们是期待接下来的露营，对此充满兴奋之情。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. performance表现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of___14___, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可知，作者与家人想知道下一次露营的乐趣是什么，因此也十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B项。
【点睛】

第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent days, I have watched a TV series named The Awakening Age. It narrates the story of how the Communist Party of China____56____ (found) in 1921 by the generation of Chen Duxiu. The story is so inspirational and____57____ (touch) that I can’t help feeling fired up about it.
This “red” TV drama reminded me____58____ all of the things I had seen and experienced regarding the Communist Party. To some extent, I really feel a deep____59____ (connect) with the Party. There is no doubt in my mind that the Party has helped to support both an improvement in the quality of my life____60____ my educational development. I believe it will continue to provide me with the support in the process of my growing up in the future.
Having visited some of the most sacred places____61____ (involve) in China’s revolutionary history, I began to grow much ____62____ (close) to my country’s political identity. My memories from these unforgettable experiences have become ____63____ important part of the person I am today.
Now I can proudly say that I have come to understand the whole history and am familiar with almost all of the stories of our Communist Party. To tell the ____64____ (true), I really admire all of the Party members, each of ____65____ has made contributions over the years in order to realize the great rejuvenation of our motherland.
【答案】56. was founded
57. touching
58. of##about
59. connection
60. and 61. involved
62. closer 63. an
64. truth 65. whom
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是电视剧《觉醒时代》对作者的影响。
【56题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：它讲述了中国共产党是如何在1921年由陈独秀那一代人成立的故事。中国共产党是被成立，且由“in 1921”可知，空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“Communist Party of China”是单数，因此空格处是was founded，故填was founded。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个故事是如此鼓舞人心和感人，我不禁感到兴奋。空格处用形容词作表语，主语“The story”是物，用ing结尾的形容词touching，意为“感人的”，故填touching。
【58题详解】
考查固定短语和介词。句意：这部“红色”电视剧让我想起了我所看到和经历的所有关于共产党的事情。remind sb. of/about是固定短语，意为“提醒某人某事”，因此空格处是of/about，故填of/about。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：在某种程度上，我真的感到与党有很深的联系。deep是形容词，修饰名词，空格处是名词connection，空前有a，因此空格处用单数，故填connection。
【60题详解】
考查连词。句意：毫无疑问，党帮助我提高了生活质量，支持了我的教育发展。“my life”和“my educational development”是并列关系，且句子是肯定句，因此空格处用表并列的连词and，故填and。
【61题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：参观了中国革命历史上一些最神圣的地方后，我开始更接近我的国家的政治身份。句中谓语是began，空格处用非谓语形式，places和involve之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词involved表被动，故填involved。
【62题详解】
考查比较级。句意：参观了中国革命历史上一些最神圣的地方后，我开始更接近我的国家的政治身份。much修饰比较级，close的比较级是closer，故填closer。
【63题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这些难忘经历的记忆已经成为我今天的重要组成部分。part是可数名词，表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，important是元音音素开头，不定冠词用an，故填an。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：说实话，我真的很钦佩所有的党员，他们每一个人都为实现我们祖国的伟大复兴作出了贡献。空格处用名词作宾语，true的名词是truth，意为“真相”，to tell the truth是固定短语，意为“说实话”，因此空格处是truth，故填truth。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：说实话，我真的很钦佩所有的党员，他们每一个人都为实现我们祖国的伟大复兴作出了贡献。分析句子结构可知，空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词“Party members”是人，因此空格处是whom，故填whom。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是学校英语报记者, 计划根据下图写一篇文章, 你的文章必须包括：
1、简单描写图片内容；
2、结合你个人经历谈谈你的感想。
（注：文章中不得出现真实人名和校名。冰山一角：the tip of an iceberg）

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【答案】Everyone is eager to succeed, as successful people tend to get more attention and praise. But, in fact, as is shown in the picture, what people see is only the tip of the iceberg of success, while what really happens is hidden under the iceberg, such as hard work, struggle, discipline, courage, risk, etc.
I used to be a shy girl. I was afraid to express myself anywhere. I wanted to overcome it, for it brought me some problems. Finally, I made it! There are several reasons for my success. The first is full preparation. I wrote my main points on cue cards, which helped me a lot. The second factor is more practice. I practiced again and again before giving the speech, making sure I would sound fluent. Another possible factor is keeping calm. I breathed deeply several times before I began the speech.
All senior students are eager for success in their studies. In my opinion, attitude, methods and the state of mind are important factors that affect the result of learning. All in all, different people have different keys to success. What counts most is what suits you best.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇图画作文。假如你是学校英语报记者，文章要求学生根据图画内容，结合个人经历，谈谈对成功的看法。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
表扬：praise→ appreciation
确保：make sure→ ensure
流利的：fluent→ smooth
渴望：are eager for→ desire for
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I used to be a shy girl. I was afraid to express myself anywhere.
拓展句：I used to be a shy girl who was afraid to express myself anywhere.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I wrote my main points on cue cards, which helped me a lot.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] What counts most is what suits you best.(运用了what引导的主语从句和what引导的表语从句)
第二节 (满分25 分)
67. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成-一个完整的短文。
Our Garden and the Salad
“Christine, come and help me in the garden. I want to plant all of the seeds today.” My father was calling to me. “I'm busy...” I said. I didn't understand why working in the dirt excited him so much.
By the end of April, his plants had come up in neat rows. Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He was in hospital for about two months and during that time he often asked me about his garden. Even after he came home, he had to stay in bed for a while.
My mother had several business trips so I said that I would take care of his garden. I assumed that the little plants would continue to grow as long as they had water, and luckily it rained fairly often so I didn't think much about the garden.
One Saturday morning in July, my father said to me, “Christine, I think that the vegetables should be about ready to be picked. Let's have a salad today!” I took a bowl and went out to the garden. I looked at the leaves and was upset to see that many of the leaves had been half eaten. There were hundreds of bugs (虫子) all over them! I tried to get them off, but there were just too many. I looked at the carrots next, but they didn't look healthy.
I got in panic for a moment, but then thought of a good idea. I quietly went to the nearest store to buy some vegetables. I went back home and cut them up to make a salad for my father. When I gave it to him, he said, “Oh, Christine, what a beautiful salad! You must be taking very good care of my garden.” My father looked happy, but I felt a little bit guilty.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I went back to the kitchen when my mother came home.
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I carefully made a salad and took it to my father.
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【答案】One possible version:
I went back to the kitchen when my mother came home. She saw the bag from the supermarket. I was embarrassed and told her the truth. She laughed but promised to make time to help me in the garden. We made a mixture of water with chopped up fresh hot peppers and then watered it on the vegetables. The water is not harmful but can drive away the bugs. The bug free vegetables grew quickly, and finally I was able to pick some.
I carefully made a salad and took it to my father. He looked at it with a smile. “Christine, the carrots are smaller in this salad, but they taste better.” I realized that he had known all along about my shopping trip. I smiled back at him. Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results more, however small they may be.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的父亲生病住院期间，将种植蔬菜的菜园交给作者照顾，结果起先作者未能兑现承诺，在其父亲提出要用菜园的菜做一份沙拉时，用在商店买回来的菜为父亲做了一份沙拉后，作者猛然惊醒，然后在其母亲的帮助下，让菜园恢复了生机并收获了果实，用菜园里的菜给父亲做了一份真正的沙拉，感悟到劳有所获的幸福。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我妈妈回家时，我回到了厨房。”可知，第一段可描写作者母亲得知真相，帮助作者一起将菜园重新打理好。
②由第二段首句内容“我小心翼翼地做了一份沙拉，拿给爸爸。”可知，第二段可描写作者用自己父亲菜园的菜为父亲做了一份沙拉。
2.续写线索：妈妈知道真相——帮助重新整理菜园——收获果实——给爸爸作沙拉——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看到：saw/noticed/observed
②笑：laughed/smiled
③理解：understand /know/see
描述类
①尴尬的：was embarrassed /felt awkward /felt embarrassed
②无害的： not harmful / harmless
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I realized that he had known all along about my shopping trip.(由that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results more, however small they may be. (由however引导的让步状语从句)