2023届高考英语二轮复习主谓一致课件

这是一份2023届高考英语二轮复习主谓一致课件，共22页。PPT课件主要包含了基本概念等内容，欢迎下载使用。

主谓一致：Subject-Verb Agreement指主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由一下三个原则的支配：语法一致原则意义一致原则就近原则
语法一致原则即主语为单数形式时，谓语动词使用单数形式；主语为复数形式时，谓语动词使用复数形式。eg. Tm is a gd student. （汤姆是个好学生）We ften play ftball n the playgrund.
意义一致原则：指的是谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的具体意义，而不取决于表面上的形式。 eg. My family are having lunch nw. （我们一家人现在正在吃午饭）强调的是家庭成员，看作复数Twenty dllars is t expensive fr the bk. （这本书20美元太贵了）
就近原则：指的是主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词的单复数形式与紧邻的名词或代词保持一致。eg. There is a pen and sme bks n the desk. （课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书）Nt nly the teacher but als his students like playing ftball.
不定式、动名词以及从句作主语时应视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式；但如果主语为 and 连接的两个不定式、动名词以及从句时，谓语用复数形式。 Reading ften means learning ．阅读常意味着学习。T read English alud every mrning des yu a lt f gd.Having enugh sleep and ding regular exercise are beneficial t yur health.
例题：Hw clse parents are t their children（）a strng influence n the character f the children . have B. has C. having D. t have
2. 当主语由 and 连接，表示同一人、同一物、同一事或者同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，此时 and 连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。The cmpser and singer was well received by the audience ．那个作曲家兼歌手受到了听众的认可
3. 由 and 连接的两个或更多的主语之前有 each , every , many a ( n ), n 时，谓语动词用单数。 Each bk and ( each ) paper is fund in its place ．每本书和每份报纸各居其位。 N teacher and ( n ) student was here ．没有一个老师和学生在这里。注意：以 many a或mre than ne修饰的单数名词后面的谓语用单数形式，但其意义是复数性的。
4. each , every , each and every , either , neither , ne , anther , little , a little 和 much 作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 Each f us has a tape - recrder ．我们每个人都有一台录音机。注意：“复数主语＋ each ”之后用复数动词We each have ur merits.=We have ur merits each.
5. everyne, everybdy, everything, anyne, anybdy, anything, smene, smebdy, smething, nbdy, nthing 作主语时，用单数动词Anyne but yu is welcme. 除了你，任何人都受欢迎
6. nne , sme , any , mre , mst , all 等代词作主语时，动词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。All is right. All are present.
7. “all , nne , mst , majrity , part , enugh , sme , ne half , the rest , the remainder + f ...” 短语，或者 mre than ..．作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常由所修饰的名词、代词的数决定。Enugh f the data have been cllected .已经收集了足够多的数据。( data 为 datum 的复数形式） Mre than ne persn is ging t lse his jb ．不止一个人会失去工作。 Mre than 500 peple are ging t lse their jbs .500多人会失去工作。
1. ne f +复数名词+（单）谓语，如： One f the students is frm the suth.2. ne f+复数名词+定语从句（从句动词用复数），如： He is ne f the bys wh are ready t help thers.3. the (nly) ne f+名词（复数）+定语从句，从句中谓语动词用单数，表示众多中只有一个，如： He is the nly ne f the students wh cmes early.4. a number f和the number fe.g. The number f the students in the schl is 1,250. A number f students are waiting utside the gate.
8．当中心词为度量、距离、时间、价格等复数名词的时候，谓语动词采用单数形式。Tw miles is a shrt distance ．两英里路很近。
9. 当主语后面跟有 including, with, tgether with, alng with, like, as well as, rather than, as much as, mre than 等连接的短语，谓语动词不受这些词组的影响，与前面的主语一致。 He as well as I wants t g bating．他和我都想去划船。An expert , tgether with sme assistants , was sent t help in this wrk .一位专家和几位助手被派去协助这项工作。
10. 就近原则：以连词r，either…r，nr，neither…nr，nt nly…but (als)...连接的名词或代词作主语时，谓语与其相邻的保持一致。Yu r I am ging t meet Prf. Li at the statin. Amng the bys, ne r tw are able t jump 1.6 metres. Neither Mary nr her parents were invited t the party.
例题：It is futile t discuss the matter further , because __ ging t agree upn anything tday.Neither yu nr I areNeither yu nr me isNeither yu nr I amNeither me nr yu are
11. “the + adj.”结构起名词作用时：如果这个结构表示的是一类人，谓语动词用复数形式，如果这个结构表示抽象概念（或具体的某个人），谓语用单数形式。The ld are being taken gd care f.The unexpected was nt prevented in thse days.