2022-2023学年山东省临沂第四中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年山东省临沂第四中学高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will John come over?
A. This evening.
B. Tomorrow evening.
C. On Sunday evening.
2. How many players will there be?
A. Five. B. Six. C. Eight.
3. Where is the cat now?
A. In the garden. B. In the kitchen. C. In the living room.
4. What does the man want to do in the future?
A. Travel around the world.
B. Support his family.
C. Own a few companies.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The woman’s paintings.
B. The woman’s favorite snack.
C. The red spots on the woman’s face.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When did the man call the woman yesterday evening?
A. At 7:00. B. At 8:00. C. At 10:00.
7. Why didn’t the woman answer the phone call?
A. Her phone was dead.
B. The music was too loud.
C. She turned off her phone.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How does the woman feel about attending the meeting this evening?
A. Uncomfortable. B. Excited. C. Relaxed.
9. What kind of food does the woman’s sister like?
A. Japanese food. B. Mexican food. C. Thai food.
10. What will the speakers probably do after dinner this evening?
A. Visit a relative. B. Watch a movie. C. Make some desserts.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Neighbors. B. Friends. C. Family members.
12. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. See a doctor.
B. Do some sports.
C. Know more about health insurance.
13. What will the man do next?
A. Teach the woman to play soccer.
B. Buy some medicine.
C. Call his friend.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the woman’s favorite film type?
A. Drama. B. Action movies. C. Comedy.
15. What did the man think about The Green Mile when he first saw it?
A. It was hard to understand.
B. It was very exciting.
C. It was a true story.
16. Why doesn’t the woman show her kids The Green Mile now?
A. They are too young to see it.
B. She thinks it is too real.
C. It is less about sports.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the boy do every day?
A. He built his house.
B. He visited his neighbors.
C. He walked through the woods.
18. Why did the boy drink from the river in the beginning?
A. He ran out of water.
B. He forgot his water.
C. He liked the water there.
19. What did the boy receive from the neighbor?
A. Bread. B. Beer. C. Fruit.
20. Where did the boy move in the end?
A. Next to the river.
B. Near a grocery store.
C. By his friend’s house.
阅读理解(共11小题;每小题2.5满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A new species of pygmy seahorse(豆丁海马)has been discovered off the coast of South Africa in Sodwana Bay, attracting scientists with its tiny size — only 2.7 centimeters.
An international research team studied the tiny pygmy seahorse in 2019, after it was spotted by chance by diving instructor Savannah Nalu Olivier who was exploring algae on the seafloor of the bay. But it wasn’t easy to see, according to a press release from the University of Leeds in Australia. That’s because these sea creatures are camouflaged(伪装)by their stony golden-brown look.
This is the first time that a pygmy seahorse has ever been discovered in the Indian Ocean. In fact, the closest known pygmy seahorse species live 8000 kilometers away in a region of the Pacific Ocean called the Coral Triangle. Until now, all but one of the seven pygmy seahorse species were found in the triangle, making this discovery particularly puzzling.
The study was led by Graham Short from the California Academy of Sciences. It discovers a number of detailed features that differentiate this species from other seahorses. While larger seahorses have gills(鳃)on each side of their head, the Sodwana Bay pygmy seahorse has only one-gill slit on its back. That would be “like having a nose on the back of your neck,” Short said in an interview. The tiny seahorse also has a set of sharp spines on its back while other pygmy seahorses have flat-tipped spines. The researchers haven’t figured out what it is used for yet.
The tiny pygmy seahorse reminds us that when we open our eyes, the natural world becomes an endless mystery. Unknown species and even entire ecosystems are waiting to be discovered in places we never thought possible.
1. What interests the scientists about the tiny pygmy seahorse?
A. Its small size.
B. Its strange sound.
C. Its special habit.
D. Its beautiful color.
2. What makes the discovery of this tiny pygmy seahorse confusing?
A. It lives very far away from the big ocean.
B. People can’t tell it from other species.
C. It was found in a different place from other species.
D. Researchers haven’t known the functions of its gills.
3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A The importance of the discovery.
B. The reasons for doing the research.
C. The species of pygmy seahorses.
D. The characteristics of the tiny pygmy seahorse.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南非发现的一种新物种——豆丁海马。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new species of pygmy seahorse(豆丁海马)has been discovered off the coast of South Africa in Sodwana Bay, attracting scientists with its tiny size — only 2.7 centimeters.(南非海岸索德瓦纳湾发现了一种新豆丁海马，它的体型只有2.7厘米，吸引了科学家的注意)”可知，科学家们对这种豆丁海马感兴趣的是它的体型很小。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句话“In fact, the closest known pygmy seahorse species live 8000 kilometers away in a region of the Pacific Ocean called the Coral Triangle. Until now, all but one of the seven pygmy seahorse species were found in the triangle, making this discovery particularly puzzling.(事实上，已知最接近的豆丁海马物种生活在8000公里外的太平洋珊瑚三角地区。到目前为止，这七种豆丁海马中除了一种之外全部在三角洲被发现，这一发现尤其令人费解)” 可推知，这种豆丁海马几乎全部在与其他物种不同的地方——太平洋珊瑚三角地区被发现，这个事实令人非常的困惑。故选C。
【3题详解】
段落大意题。根据第四段第一、二句话“The study was led by Graham Short from the California Academy of Sciences. It discovers a number of detailed features that differentiate this species from other seahorses.(这项研究由加州科学院的Graham Short领导。它发现了许多细节特征，这些特征将本物种与其他海马区分开来)”可知，第四段主要介绍了这种豆丁海马和其它海马不同的特征。故选D。
B
A group of volunteers joined forces to form a human chain to free four dolphins which had been stranded(搁浅)in a canal for four days. The four dolphins were seen in the water near the Fossil Park, neighborhood in St Petersburg, Florida, US, on Sunday. Experts from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) had monitored the dolphins’ activities in the past few days and hoped that they would swim out with the tide(潮水).
But when the dolphins struggled to leave the canal, brave volunteers joined members of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Clearwater Marine Aquarium to form a rescue team to free them. Dozens of people gathered to take videos and pictures of the kind act. A team of 14 volunteers held hands to act as a block to guide the dolphins out of the narrow channel. They shouted and patted the water with their hands to direct the dolphins to the vast expanses of Riviera Bay. Dolphins find their way in the water through echolocation(回声定位). That means, by making high-frequency sounds, they can recognize the echoes of sound waves that bounce off objects to find their way around.
Andy Garrett, a biologist of the FWC said, “We were able to keep that chain together. The dolphins were interested. They actually came over right away.” He added that when the team reached a bridge, the dolphins appeared a bit nervous and started doing some spins. “They made one real hard pass at our team and then went under the bridge and took off,” Garrett said. The operation lasted about 45 minutes and the rescue team did not use nets or any items that could stress the dolphins.
4. What can we know about the dolphins from paragraph 1?
A. They swam in groups to protect themselves.
B. They lived in the water near Fossil Park.
C. They were observed in secret by volunteers.
D. They were forced to stay in a canal for four days.
5. Why did volunteers shout and pat the water?
A. To make sounds to attract some people.
B. To guide the dolphins to larger waters.
C. To celebrate the success of saving dolphins.
D. To test the different reactions of four dolphins.
6. What words could best describe the rescuers?
A. Brave and caring.
B. Cautious and humorous.
C. Smart and stubborn.
D. Optimistic and energetic.
7. What’s the main idea of the text?
A. Dolphins swam to the canal to hunt for food.
B. Rescuers formed a human chain to save dolphins.
C. Volunteers trained four dolphins to find their way home.
D. Experts studied the ways of dolphins finding directions.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群志愿者组成人链，将四只被困在运河里四天的海豚解救出来的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A group of volunteers joined forces to form a human chain to free four dolphins which had been stranded(搁浅)in a canal for four days.(一群志愿者组成人链，将四只被困在运河里四天的海豚解救出来。)”可知，从第一段我们能知道海豚它们被迫在运河里呆了四天。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They shouted and patted the water with their hands to direct the dolphins to the vast expanses of Riviera Bay.(他们一边喊，一边用手拍打水面，引导海豚前往广阔的里维埃拉湾。)”可知，志愿者们大喊大叫并拍水是为了引导海豚到更大的水域。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“But when the dolphins struggled to leave the canal, brave volunteers joined members of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Clearwater Marine Aquarium to form a rescue team to free them.(但当海豚挣扎着离开运河时，勇敢的志愿者加入了美国国家海洋和大气管理局以及Clearwater海洋水族馆的成员，组成了一支救援队将它们解救出来。)”再结合文章讲述的志愿者解救被困海豚的故事可知，志愿者们是勇敢且乐于助人的，所以用“勇敢而有爱心”来形容这些救援人员最恰当。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，本文主要讲的是四只海豚被迫在运河呆了四天，一群志愿者组成人链，通过喊叫、拍打水面引导海豚前往广阔的里维埃拉湾，并最终将四只海豚解救出来。故选B项。
C
In China, jade (玉) serves as one of the nation’s oldest symbols of virtue and nobility (高贵). For years, jade carvers have produced beautiful artworks, because of their exquisite (精细的) skills and complicated techniques passed down from generation to generation. Among China’s wide-ranging styles of jade carving, Beijing’s is one of the most famous and recognized worldwide for its use of imperial elements.
Jade carving originated in the Yuan Dynasty. In the succeeding dynasty, the Ming, the court gathered skilled jade carvers from all over the nation to create the finest of products for the imperial family, lifting the art to new heights. During the Qing Dynasty, jade became especially popular in Beijing, and the carving skill reached its peak. After the Qing, the craft continued to flourish, with thousands of people pouring their creativity into the jade carving industry. In 2008, Beijing’s particular practices were listed as national intangible cultural heritage.
Zhang Tiecheng is a third-generation Beijing jade carving inheritor. In 1983, when the technical school attached to the Beijing Jade Factory began to enroll students, Zhang decided to try his luck. After four years of training, he graduated and started working at the factory. Through pure diligence and perseverance, he gradually became a master of the carving art.
The year 2008 was a significant one for Zhang. Chinese jade art was introduced internationally through the “Chinese Seal” Olympic symbol and the jade-carved medals. Zhang participated in the design of both. They combined white jade with gold, a light greenish jade with silver, and a gray shade of jade with bronze to make the medals present that perfect combination of truthfulness and virtue.
Following his Olympic work, Zhang was invited to restore the jade decorations in the Palace Museum. During this assignment, Zhang couldn’t help but feel sad as he realized how the once successful jade artistry was slowly disappearing from its once celebrated stage. As an inheritor of Beijing jade carving, Zhang has added modern artistic elements into this traditional skill. He now hopes more young people can take up the craftsmanship so it can continue to flourish for many years to come.
8. What is special about Beijing jade carving?
A It involves many royal elements. B. It shows the life of people in Beijing.
C. It is the most popular jade carving in the world. D. It covers all the styles of jade carving in China.
9. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about jade carving?
A. Its history. B. Its role in China. C. Its carving process. D. Its value of appreciation.
10. What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A. Master Zhang has great talent for jade carving.
B. Zhang’s design of Olympic medals won lots of awards.
C. Chinese jade culture has been combined with modern sports events.
D. The jade-carved medals were greatly admired by foreign athletes.
11. What does Zhang Tiecheng worry about?
A. The innovation of art forms. B. The restoration of jade works.
C. The decline of the jade industry. D. The inheritance of the traditional skill.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的玉雕技艺，介绍了其历史以及传承人的情况。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Among China’s wide-ranging styles of jade carving, Beijing’s is one of the most famous and recognized worldwide for its use of imperial elements.(在中国广泛的玉雕风格中，北京的玉雕是世界上最著名和公认的之一，因为它使用了皇家元素)”可知，北京玉雕的特别之处是它包含了许多皇室元素。故选A。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Jade carving originated in the Yuan Dynasty. In the succeeding dynasty, the Ming, the court gathered skilled jade carvers from all over the nation to create the finest of products for the imperial family, lifting the art to new heights. During the Qing Dynasty, jade became especially popular in Beijing, and the carving skill reached its peak. After the Qing, the craft continued to flourish, with thousands of people pouring their creativity into the jade carving industry. In 2008, Beijing’s particular practices were listed as national intangible cultural heritage.(玉雕起源于元代。在随后的明朝，朝廷从全国各地聚集了熟练的玉雕工匠，为皇室创造最好的产品，将艺术提升到新的高度。到了清朝，玉器在北京特别流行，玉器的雕刻技术达到了顶峰。清朝以后，玉雕工艺继续繁荣，成千上万的人将他们的创造力注入到玉雕行业中。2008年，北京的特殊习俗被列为国家级非物质文化遗产)”可知，第二段主要告诉我们玉雕历史。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The year 2008 was a significant one for Zhang. Chinese jade art was introduced internationally through the “Chinese Seal” Olympic symbol and the jade-carved medals. Zhang participated in the design of both. They combined white jade with gold, a light greenish jade with silver, and a gray shade of jade with bronze to make the medals present that perfect combination of truthfulness and virtue.(2008年对张来说是重要的一年。中国的玉器艺术通过奥运标志“中国印”和玉雕奖牌被介绍到国际上。张参与了这两个项目的设计。他们把白玉与金、淡绿色的玉与银、灰色的玉与青铜结合在一起，使奖牌呈现出诚实与美德的完美结合)”可推知，中国玉文化与现代体育赛事相结合。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“During this assignment, Zhang couldn’t help but feel sad as he realized how the once successful jade artistry was slowly disappearing from its once celebrated stage. As an inheritor of Beijing jade carving, Zhang has added modern artistic elements into this traditional skill. He now hopes more young people can take up the craftsmanship so it can continue to flourish for many years to come.(在这次任务中，当他意识到曾经成功的玉器艺术正在慢慢地从它曾经辉煌的舞台上消失时，他不禁感到悲伤。作为北京玉雕的传承人，张在这项传统技艺中加入了现代艺术元素。他现在希望更多的年轻人能学习这门手艺，这样它就能在未来的许多年里继续蓬勃发展)”可知，张铁成担心传统技艺的传承。故选D。
七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People have been making and flying kites for about 2000 years. ___12___ Some historians believe that the ancient Chinese may have started flying kites. It is still a popular hobby in Pakistan, China, Japan and Korea and in other countries of the Far East where beautifully decorated kites appear in different colors.
Kites are made in many different sizes, colors and shapes. Simple kites are made by crossing two sticks and covering them with paper or cloth. ___13___ More expensive kites have frames made of fiberglass, plastic or aluminum. The name comes from a graceful bird called Kite.
Kite flying is great fun and it is easy if you know some secrets. ___14___ It flies because air flows over and under the kite’s wing. The pressure under the wing helps the kite lift into the air.
___15___ Early scientists sent kites up into the air to measure temperature at different heights. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin used a kite to prove that lightning was a form of electricity. He attached a metal key to the string of a kite. When lightning hit the kite, electricity passed down the string and Franklin got an electric shock. It was a very dangerous experiment that you shouldn’t copy.
Kites were used to develop airplanes. The Wright Brothers experimented with kites before they flew the first airplane. In the past, kites were sometimes used to take pictures in wars. In World War I, the Germans developed a large kite that could transport people to a submarine. ___16___
Today most people fly kites as a hobby. Kite festivals are organized in many cities in all parts of the world.
A. Then you attach a string at the end.
B. Kites have also been used in experiments.
C. No one knows for sure who invented the kite.
D. A flat kite is the oldest and simplest type of kite.
E. In Japan, families fly fish kites on Children’s Day.
F. Kites were also used to carry radio signals over long distances.
G. Stories of kites were brought to Europe till the end of the 13th century.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了风筝的发展以及人们对风筝的喜爱。
【12题详解】
空前“People have been making and flying kites for about 2000 years.(人们制作和放风筝历史大约有2000年。)”指的是风筝的历史很久远；空后“Some historians believe that the ancient Chinese may have started flying kites.(一些历史学家认为中国古代可能已经开始放风筝了。)”则讲述了历史学家的猜测。选项C“No one knows for sure who invented the kite.(没有人确切地知道是谁发明了风筝。)”中“没人确切地知道谁发明了风筝”和下文的“may”保持一致，故选C。
【13题详解】
根据空前“Kites are made in many different sizes, colors and shapes. Simple kites are made by crossing two sticks and covering them with paper or cloth.(风筝有许多不同的大小、颜色和形状。简单的风筝是由两根木棍交叉，并用纸或布覆盖它们制成的。)”可知，上文讲述的是风筝是怎么做的，先用木棍和纸张或布做框架。选项A“Then you attach a string at the end.(然后在末端加上一根绳子。)”与上文内容一致，简单说明了风筝的制作过程。故选A。
【14题详解】
通过空前“Kite flying is great fun and it is easy if you know some secrets.(放风筝很有趣，如果你知道一些秘诀，放风筝很容易。)”可知，放风筝需要一些秘诀；再根据下文“It flies because air flows over and under the kite’s wing. (它能飞是因为空气在风筝的翅膀上方和下方流动。)”中“it”暗示空处会提到一种风筝。选项D“A flat kite is the oldest and simplest type of kite. (平风筝是最古老、最简单的风筝。)”中的“a flat kite”和下文的“it”一致。故选D。
【15题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Early scientists sent kites up into the air to measure temperature at different heights. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin used a kite to prove that lightning was a form of electricity. He attached a metal key to the string of a kite. When lightning hit the kite, electricity passed down the string and Franklin got an electric shock. It was a very dangerous experiment that you shouldn’t copy.(早期的科学家把风筝放飞到空中，测量不同高度的温度。1752年，本杰明·富兰克林用风筝证明了闪电是电的一种形式。他把一把金属钥匙系在风筝线上。当闪电击中风筝时，电流顺着线传下来，富兰克林触电了。这是一个非常危险的实验，你不应该模仿。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是风筝可用来做实验。选项B“Kites have also been used in experiments. (风筝也被用于实验。)”与下文内容一致，故选B。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Kites were used to develop airplanes. The Wright Brothers experimented with kites before they flew the first airplane. In the past, kites were sometimes used to take pictures in wars. In World War I, the Germans developed a large kite that could transport people to a submarine.(风筝被用来制造飞机。莱特兄弟在驾驶第一架飞机之前曾试验过风筝。在过去，风筝有时被用来在战争中拍照。在第一次世界大战中，德国人发明了一种可以把人送到潜艇上的大风筝。)”可知，上文主要讲述了风筝的一些用途。选项F“Kites were also used to carry radio signals over long distances. (风筝也被用来远距离传送无线电信号。)”又介绍了风筝的另一用途，与上文内容一致；除此之外，选项F中的“were also used to”与上文的“were used to”保持一致。故选F。
完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During the National Day holiday, I went to Xi’an, Shaanxi, to visit the world-famous Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑). I was___17___to see so many pottery (陶) figures in___18___poses(姿势),including standing, sitting and lying.
They are true-to-life, as tall as humans. The most___19___part of them is that each one has a unique face, which interested me a lot. Depending on their clothes, hat and hair, they have different jobs in the___20___.Some hold weapons (武器) while others lead the horses.
These soldiers were built for the___21___of Qin Shihuang. He believed that after his
___22___,he would go to another world. So he asked___23___to build an army of warriors to protect him in the afterlife. It is believed that over 700,000 workers___24___the tomb for 39 years.
___25___I visited the Terracotta Warriors and knew the history behind them, I____26____to make my own little warrior when I got back home. First with gypsum (石膏) powder, I____27____a stone model warrior, and then with a little stick, drew an expression on his face. When the____28____was dry, my work was done.
The process sounds easy, but it proved to be____29____.The powder went everywhere, sometimes making my eyes fail to see____30____.So I watered it, which helped. It took me more than three hours to_____31_____the figure. It’s so nice to hold this soldier that I made myself.
17. A. ashamed B. amazed C. annoyed D. disappointed
18. A. different B. similar C. curious D. disabled
19. A. confusing B. tiring C. frightening D. appealing
20. A. army B. school C. museum D. stadium
21. A. palace B. tomb C. hometown D. temple
22. A. speech B. power C. death D. travel
23. A. farmers B. officials C. soldiers D. workers
24. A. built B. designed C. recovered D. removed
25. A. After B. Before C. Though D. If
26. A. arranged B. decided C. forgot D. remembered
27. A. damaged B. analyzed C. covered D. bought
28. A. ink B. leather C. mud D. powder
29. A. unfair B. powerful C. practical D. challenging
30. A. socially B. secretly C. clearly D. skilfully
31. A. distinguish B. advertise C. finish D. recognize
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者参观兵马俑之后受到启发，决定自己做一个小勇士，最终花了三个多小时完成了，他感到非常高兴和满足。。
【17题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我惊讶地看到这么多陶俑摆出不同的姿势，包括站着、坐着、躺着的。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.amazed惊奇的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.disappointed失望的。根据including standing, sitting and lying可知，看到这么多陶俑摆出不同的姿势，包括站着、坐着、躺着的，“我”感到很惊讶，故选B。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.different不同的；B.similar类似的；C.curious好奇的；D.disabled残疾的。根据including standing, sitting and lying可知看到这么多陶俑摆出不同的姿势，我很惊讶，故选A。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最吸引人的地方是每个陶俑都有一张独特的脸，这让我很感兴趣。A.confusing令人困惑的；B.tiring令人疲倦的；C.frightening令人害怕的；D.appealing吸引人的。根据which interested me a lot可知，最吸引人的地方是每个陶俑都有一张独特的脸，故选D。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据他们的衣服、帽子和头发，可知他们在军队里有不同的工作。A.army军队；B.school学校；C.museum博物馆；D.stadium体育场。根据Depending on their clothes, hat and hair...Some hold weapons(武器) while others lead the horses.可知作者参观的是兵马俑，所以他们应是在“军队”担任不同工作，故选A。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些兵马俑是为秦始皇墓建造的。A.palace宫殿；B.tomb坟墓；C.hometown家乡；D.temple寺庙。根据下文提到“It is believed that over 700,000 workers (8) the tomb for 39 years.”可知，这些兵马俑是为秦始皇“墓”建造的，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。 句意：他相信死后，他会去另一个世界。A.speech讲话；B.power力量；C.death死；D.travel旅行。根据下一句“he would go to another world.”和常识可知，人“死”后，会去另一个世界，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析 句意：他要求工人们建立一支勇士军队来保护他的来世。A.farmers农民；B.officials官员；C.soldiers士兵；D.workers工人。根据后文提到“build an army of warriors”建造兵马俑，按照常识应该是一群“工人”，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：超过70万名工人花费了39年时间修建了这座陵墓。A.built修建；B.designed设计；C.recovered恢复；D.removed移除。根据“ So he asked (7) to build an army of warriors to protect him in the afterlife.”这里也是指“建造”陵墓这件事，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我参观了兵马俑，了解了兵马俑背后的历史之后，我决定回家后自己做一个小战士。A.After在……之后；B.Before在……之前；C.Though尽管；D.If如果。when I got back home.是发生在参观兵马俑之后，此处用After引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之后”，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。 句意同上。A.arranged安排；B.decided决定；C.forgot忘记；D.remembered记得。decide to do sth.固定短语，决定做某事，根据后文提到花三小时在家做了一个兵马俑，可知这里是“下定决心”，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我先用石膏粉覆盖在一个石模士兵上面。A.damaged伤害；B.analyzed分析；C.covered覆盖；D.bought购买。根据宾语“a stone model warrior”可知，这个模型是为了制作兵马俑，石膏粉应是“覆盖”在上面，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当石膏粉干了，我的工作就完成了。A.ink墨水；B.leather皮革；C.mud泥巴；D.powder粉末。根据前面提到“First with gypsum(石膏) powder”可知，当“石膏粉”干了，“我”的工作就完成了，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个过程听起来很简单，但事实证明它很有挑战性。A.unfair不公平的；B.powerful有力的；C.practical实用的；D.challenging有挑战性的。根据并列连词but可知，这里应是表示转折，“简单”但却“非常有挑战”，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：粉末到处都是，有时使我的眼睛看不清。A.socially社会上；B.secretly秘密地；C.clearly清晰地；D.skilfully熟练地。根据“The powder went everywhere”可知，粉末到处都是，有时使我的眼睛看“不清”东西，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。 句意：我花了三个多小时才完成这个兵马俑。A.distinguish辨别；B.advertise做广告；C.finish完成；D.recognize意识到。it takes sb. sometime to do sth.，固定句型，意思是花费某人多长时间做某事，the figure代指作者制造的兵马俑的形象，应是“完成”the figure，故选C。
语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have rediscovered a species of frog last seen more than 80 years ago. They relocated the small Hall’s water frog named after the American researcher Frank Gregory Hall ____32____ discovered the species in 1935 in a tiny hot spring near Ollagüe in Chile’s Atacama desert. ____33____ discovery made the scientists try their best to confirm(证实)that the so-called ghost species was indeed the same one Hall had discovered decades ago. “We asked the museum where Hall’s discovery was registered. They sent us a large number of ____34____ (picture),” said César Cuevas, a researcher from the Catholic University of Temuco.
The journal Zootaxa ____35____ (publish) the tale of the rediscovery last month. “Researchers made an effort ____36____ (establish) the frog’s ties to other species found in the region in order to determine how different, and therefore, how rare, it ____37____ (real) is. Meanwhile, protecting its habitat ____38____ (be) key,” Cuevas said. Mining, tourism development and expanding cities in Chile’s north, home to the world’s ____39____ (large) copper(铜)industry, all compete for water ____40____ the rare(罕见的)animals. “These animals are always living in the water. In just five minutes out of the water, they die,” Cuevas said in a call to protect _____41_____ (they) habitat before it is too late.
【答案】32. who##that
33. The 34. pictures
35. published
36. to establish
37. really 38. is
39. largest
40. with 41. their
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，研究人员重新发现了80多年前的青蛙并呼吁人们保护它们。
【32题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们重新安置了以美国研究员Frank Gregory Hall命名的小Hall水蛙，他于1935年在智利阿塔卡马沙漠Ollagüe附近的一个小温泉中发现了这个物种。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“the American researcher Frank Gregory Hall”在定语从句中担当主语，可用who或that。故填who/that。
【33题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这一发现促使科学家们尽最大努力证实，所谓的幽灵物种确实是Hall几十年前发现的同一种。修饰可数名词单数，表示对该名词的特指，用定冠词the；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填The。
【34题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：“我们询问了Hall的发现登记在那里的博物馆。他们给我们发来了大量的照片，”特穆科天主教大学的研究人员César Cuevas说。picture为可数名词，其前有“a large number of”修饰，用名词的复数形式。故填pictures。
【35题详解】
考查时态。句意：《动物分类》杂志上个月发表了这一重新发现的传奇故事。根据时间状语“last month”可知，时态为一般过去时。故填published。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员努力建立这种青蛙与该地区发现其他物种的联系，以确定它有多不同，以及因此确实很罕见。非谓语动词担当目的状语用不定式形式。故填to establish。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：研究人员努力建立这种青蛙与该地区发现的其他物种的联系，以确定它有多不同，以及因此确实很罕见。修饰形容词rare，用副词形式。故填really。
【38题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：同时，保护它的栖息地是关键。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可判断，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“protecting its habitat”单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
【39题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：智利北部是世界上最大的铜产业所在地，采矿、旅游发展和不断扩张的城市都在与稀有动物争夺水资源。根据常识判断，此处是世界上最大的铜产业所在地，所以用形容词最高级。故填largest。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：智利北部是世界上最大的铜产业所在地，采矿、旅游发展和不断扩张的城市都在与稀有动物争夺水资源。短语：compete with…，意为“与……竞争”。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：Cuevas 表示“这些动物总是生活在水里。在离开水的短短五分钟内，它们就会死亡，” 与此同时，Cuevas呼吁保护它们的栖息地以免为时已晚。根据空后的名词habitat可知，空处为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词habitat。故填their。
单词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据单词首字母或中文释义填出单词的适当形式。
42. For a long distance, air travel is the fastest way to get to your d________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】destination##estination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：对于长途旅行来说，乘飞机是到达目的地的最快方式。形容词性物主代词your后接名词形式，且此处为单数概念，根据首字母提示及句意，故填destination。
43. Frightened as I was, I tried to keep my b_________ to prevent myself from falling off the bicycle. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】balance##alance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管我很害怕，我还是努力保持平衡以免从自行车上摔下来。根据句意和首字母提示应填balance“平衡”作宾语，keep one's balance“保持平衡”，故填balance。
44. Falling from a horse, the film star suffered several neck and leg i_________.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】injuries##njuries
【解析】
【详解】考查可数名词的复数。句意：这位电影明星从马上摔下来，颈部和腿部受伤。根据首字母以及“Falling from a horse”可知，这位电影明星从马上摔下来候，造成颈部和腿部的多处受伤。所以空处用名词injury“受伤”。空前有several可知，是指多处伤害，所以名词用复数形式。故填injuries。
45. M_________ of college graduates pour into big cities every year, seeking well-paid jobs and bright futures. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Millions##illions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：每年数以百万计的大学毕业生涌入大城市，寻找高薪的工作和光明的未来。millions of成百万的，许许多多的。根据首字母提示及句意，故填Millions。
46. The Dragon Boat Festival is a festival that r_________ us of Qu Yuan, an ancient patriotic poet of the Warring States Periods. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】reminds##eminds
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：端午节是一个使我们想起一位古代的战国时期爱国诗人屈原的节日。分析句子结构，空格处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，结合句意“使想起”，应用固定搭配remind sb. of…，由于先行词a festival是单数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填reminds。
47. He prefers jogging around the park every morning in a(n) _________(尝试)to keep healthy.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】effort
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了保持健康，他喜欢每天早上绕着公园慢跑。in an effort to企图，努力想。根据汉语提示及句意，故填effort。
48. The Olympic Games have long been a(n) _________(象征)of peace, and also a means of promoting friendship among nations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】symbol
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：奥运会长期以来一直是和平的象征，也是促进各国友谊的手段。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“象征”应用名词symbol，为可数名词，且这里应用单数形式，在本句中作表语。故填symbol。
49. As the Internet develops rapidly, more and more people find it easier to _________(申请) for new jobs online. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】apply
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：随着互联网的快速发展，越来越多的人发现在网上申请新工作更容易。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词apply“申请”。空前为动词不定式符号to，所以空处为动词原形。故填apply。
50. Parents need to encourage their children to develop their potential without putting too much _________(压力) on them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】pressure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：父母需要鼓励孩子在不给他们太大压力的情况下开发他们的潜力。根据空前的much以及汉语提示可知，空处需要pressure“压力”，为不可数名词。故填pressure。
51. The teacher finally _________(原谅) the boy because he had realized his mistake and promised not to make one again. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】forgave
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：老师最终原谅了这个男孩，因为他已经意识到自己的错误，并承诺不再犯错误。根据中文提示和句意可知，表示“原谅”应用forgive，再结合句意和后文可知，这里时态应用一般过去时。故填forgave。
应用文写作(满分15分)
52. 假定你是李华，某校高一的学生，你在一家英文网站看到了一则招聘暑假兼职小记者的广告，请你给这家网站写封自荐信，内容包括：
1. 英语好；
2. 社交能力强；
3. 在学校校报当过记者。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,
Knowing that you are in need of a part-time English reporter, I’m very happy to write to you in the hope that I would have the chance to join in you. I am sure I’ll be the most suitable person.
To begin with, please allow me to briefly introduce myself. My name is Li Hua, a senior one student with a good command of English. What’s the most important is that I am friendly and I am good at communicating with others, which I think will help me to be a good reporter. Besides, I was once a reporter in my school newspaper. If I’m lucky enough to be accepted, I’ll try my best to prove I’m the very person you are looking for.
Thank you for your consideration. I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的自荐信。要求考生向一家英文网站写封自荐信，应聘暑假兼职小记者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
很、机会：chance →opportunity
合适的：suitable→appropriate
擅长：be good at→ do well in
此外：besides → what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：My name is Li Hua, a senior one student with a good command of English.
拓展句：My name is Li Hua, who is a senior one student with a good command of English.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What’s the most important is that I am friendly and I am good at communicating with others, which I think will help me to be a good reporter.（运用了what引导的主语从句、that引导的表语从句以及which引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If I’m lucky enough to be accepted, I’ll try my best to prove I’m the very person you are looking for.（运用了if引导的状语从句）
读后续写(满分25分)
53. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Time to get up. It’s your birthday.” Alex opened his eyes and looked up. His parents were standing next to his bed holding a breakfast muffin. “We can do anything you want today,” said his mom.
He jumped up to get dressed as quickly as he could, already imagining what kind of day he would have at the beach. He had always dreamed about playing in the sand and jumping in the waves. He nearly tripped (绊倒) as he ran down the stairs on his way to the kitchen.
Alex’s dad asked him what he wanted to do today. “The beach,” he shouted with joy.
The expression on his mom’s face changed from joy to sadness. She knew the one place that he would not go was the beach. When her husband had been a young boy of Alex’s age, he had a terrifying experience at the beach. Alex’s dad shook off his initial (最初的) shock of hearing his son’s plan.
“How about we go to the zoo instead?” he suggested. “The beach is over two hours away.”
“But dad, I’ve wanted to go to the beach my WHOLE life,” Alex pleaded.
“Son, I’m sorry, but we are not going to the beach and that’s final.”
They ended up driving to the zoo. It was an exciting day, but Alex could not get the beach out of his mind. He yearned to build a sandcastle, swim in the ocean and chase the incoming and outgoing waves. The beach seemed like the best place on earth.
Over the next few weeks, he dreamed about it almost every night. Any free moment he had was spent filling his room with pictures and drawings of beaches. He repeatedly pleaded with his mom to help him convince his dad to take them to the beach. Each time she explained that they could do other things as a family, just not the beach.
One night, Alex received what he thought was good news. His dad was going on a three-day business trip the next day. “This is an opportunity,” he thought to himself.
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡上的相应位置作答。
The next morning, seeing his dad get into the taxi, Alex ran to his mother.
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Hours later, as Alex looked out of the front window of the car, his eyes widened and his jaw dropped.
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【答案】 The next morning, seeing his dad get into the taxi, Alex ran to his mother. He looked at his mother eagerly and pleaded: “Mom, I really want to go to the beach. Please, please, please!” After that, he looked at his mother with anxious and expectant eyes. Alex’s mother didn’t know what to do. She knew that going to the beach was her son’s dream, but she didn’t want to do it without telling her husband. Alex saw his mother’s hesitation and then said:“Mom, Dad is not at home, so he doesn’t have to worry about going to the beach with us. ” With Alex’s persuasion, his mother finally agreed to take him to the beach.
Hours later, as Alex looked out of the front window of the car, his eyes widened and his jaw dropped. It was his father who was waiting them at the destination. When the taxi stopped, he quickly got out of the car and rushed to his father, asking anxiously, “Dad, why are you here? ” His father smiled and said, “Your mother called me and told me the news. I think this is not only a good opportunity for you to go to the beach, but also it’s time for me to overcome the fear, so I postponed my trip and came here directly”. Hearing this, Alex was obviously relieved and became excited. On that day, Alex did everything he had always wanted to do on the beach and had a very good time. His father also seemed to have overcome the psychological obstacles. After returning home, Alex was tired and fell asleep directly on the bed, but He has a faint smile on his lips.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了Alex非常想去海边玩，但是他的父亲因为小时候在海边有着不好的经历，一直没有同意带他去。有一天父亲去出差，Alex想趁着爸爸不在的时候，让妈妈偷偷带他去海滩玩。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，看到爸爸上了出租车，亚历克斯跑向妈妈。”可知，第一段可描写Alex劝说妈妈带他去海边玩，妈妈同意了。
②由第二段首句内容“几个小时后，当亚历克斯从汽车的前窗向外看时，他的眼睛睁大了，下巴都掉了下来。”可知，第二段可描写Alex在海边看到了爸爸，度过了愉快地时光。
2.续写线索：想去海边玩——父亲不同意——出差——偷偷去玩——遇见父亲——度过美好时光
3.词汇激活
行为类
①同意做某事：agree to to sth./do sth. with one heart
②克服恐惧：over the fear/get over the fear
③回家：return home/go back home
情绪类
①热切的看着某人：look at sb. eagerly/look at sb. keenly
②变得兴奋：become excited/get thrilled
【点睛】【高分句型1】She knew that going to the beach was her son’s dream, but she didn’t want to do it without telling her husband.（由that引导了宾语从句）
【高分句型2】It was his father who was waiting them at the destination. （运用了强调句型）