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2022-2023学年山东省济南市高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年山东省济南市高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试
英语试题
本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，可先将答案写在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who had a traffic accident last night?
A. Tom. B. Mike. C. David.
2. What does the woman think of the man upstairs?
A. Kind. B. Annoying. C. Hard-working.
3. What does the woman mean?
A. The kitchen is too old. B. The kitchen needs repairing. C. The kitchen is in good condition.
4. What will the man probably do next?
A. Help Mary finish her report. B. Chat with his roommates. C. Make a call to Bob.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Preparations for a party. B. An invitation to a party. C. A shopping list.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话和独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. On which day will the woman go to the concert?
A. April 10th. B. April 12th. C. April 15th.
7. How much should the woman pay in all?
A. $ 50. B. $ 150. C. $ 200.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. How is the weather today?
A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.
9. What will the man take?
A. A raincoat. B. Another T-shirt. C. Another pair of shoes.
10. Where are most probably the speakers?
A. At a store. B. At a hotel. C. At home.
听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。
11. What did the man just do?
A. He kicked a rubbish bin. B. He bought some bottled water. C. He threw away a plastic bottle.
12. What does the woman usually do to protect the earth?
A. Reuse the old things. B. Collect plastic bottles. C. Sort out the rubbish.
13. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Cousins. B. Workmates. C. Friends.
听第9段材料，回答第14至第16题。
14. Why is the woman going to London?
A. To organize an activity. B. To do sightseeing. C. To watch a show.
15. Who will meet the woman at the airport in London?
A. A friend of hers. B. A fellow worker. C. A hotel clerk.
16. What does the man probably do?
A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. An actor.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。
17 Where does the speaker probably work?
A. At a university. B. At a park. C. In a club.
18. How do international students find the Lakeside Campus?
A. Interesting. B. Iconic. C. Inspiring.
19 What is suggested by the speaker?
A. Enjoying the local culture. B. Making more friends. C. Meeting the scholars.
20. Who is the speech intended for?
A. Freshmen. B. Graduates. C. Parents.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Does your child love high-tech, writing or specialty arts? Attending a summer camp with this focus is a perfect way for them to explore and to experience. Look through our selection and find the perfect fit for your child.
ID Tech Summer Camps
We’re trusted and hosted by the world’s top learning organizations. The right instructor changes everything. With personalized learning, your child will progress at their own pace. Your child can level up to Grade 10, standing out to colleges and future workers. We can’t wait to welcome your child to our community of 500, 000+ students.
Summer Academic Youth Programs
Summer is the perfect time for pre-college students to explore their career interests. Our programs provide opportunities for students to experience college life while expanding their knowledge and exploring their interests. There are many opportunities including overnight camps and class credit opportunities.
Independent Lake Camp
It is an overnight summer camp offering impressive activities due to our quality facilities (设备) and talented staff. Started as a non-traditional summer camp, we focus on promoting creativity within each camper and the community and developing individual growth with our personalized scheduling — each camper chooses their own activities.
Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp
Creative writing is taught live online by experienced teachers. Great for ages 7+ and divided into age-based groups, this camp has a limited class size so students can learn fun new skills. Videos will be made available to all creative writing campers. So with several camps to attend, your child will never miss a beat!
1. Who will be interested in Summer Academic Youth Programs?
A. Graduates looking for jobs. B. Students to level up credits.
C. Learners to have academic courses. D. High schoolers expecting college life.
2. What do ID Tech Summer Camps and Independent Lake Camp have in common?
A. They make arrangements for work. B. They include overnight activities.
C. They offer personalized learning. D. They improve personal creativity.
3. Which camp best suits children with busy summer schedules?
A. ID Tech Summer Camp. B. Independent Lake Camp.
C. Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp. D. Summer Academic Youth Programs.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种关于高科技、写作或专业艺术的探索和体验的夏令营。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Summer Academic Youth Programs下的介绍“Summer is the perfect time for pre-college students to explore their career interests. Our programs provide opportunities for students to experience college life while expanding their knowledge and exploring their interests. (夏天是大学预科学生探索自己职业兴趣的最佳时间。我们的课程为学生提供了体验大学生活的机会，同时扩展他们的知识和探索他们的兴趣)”可知，期待大学生活的高中生会对Summer Academic Youth Programs感兴趣。故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据ID Tech Summer Camps 的介绍“With personalized learning, your child will progress at their own pace. Your child can level up to Grade 10, standing out to colleges and future workers. (通过个性化的学习，你的孩子会按照自己的节奏进步。你的孩子可以升到10年级，在大学和未来的工作者中脱颖而出)”以及Independent Lake Camp下的描述“we focus on promoting creativity within each camper and the community and developing individual growth with our personalized scheduling — each camper chooses their own activities. (我们专注于促进每个露营者和社区的创造力，并通过我们的个性化日程表发展个人成长——每个露营者选择自己的活动)”可知，两者的共同之处是他们提供个性化的学习。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp下面的介绍“Videos will be made available to all creative writing campers. So with several camps to attend, your child will never miss a beat!(视频将提供给所有创意写作营员。所以，有几个营地参加，你的孩子不会错过任何一个节拍！)”可知，Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp最适合暑期安排繁忙的孩子。故选C。
B
Christine Rowsey didn’t know how she would go on. The last three years had been hard, but she still felt that she was making progress toward her goal of becoming a nurse. “I didn’t have any money. I didn’t have anything—just a dream,” she recalled.
That dream came out of the loss of her son, who was born 3 weeks in advance. Unfortunately, after a whole month in the intensive care unit, the boy left her. Christine’s main source of support during that ordeal had been the hospital’s nursing staff. “I really loved the way they helped me,” she said. That’s when Christine had a realization:She wanted to do something with her life that mattered. Christine became determined to become a nurse and help people the way she had been helped.
She was able to learn in Oakland University’s one-year licensed practical nursing (LPN)program. She took out loans (贷款)and worried about how she would repay them. She became the star student but struggled to take care of her family and study at the same time. With scholarships, she was able to cover about half of her costs. For the rest, she couldn’t find a way out. That’s when Christine found out about a VOA program, which not only paid for her study but offered to cover gas and food. “The VOA program was a real blessing,” said Christine. “I wouldn’t have been able to continue if VOA hadn’t been there for me.”
Christine now works as an LPN in Detroit, where she cares for patients. Through VOA, she gives talks to young people about the nursing profession. “Nursing school was the hardest thing I’ve ever done, and VOA helped me through it,” said Christine. “All these people helped me rewrite my life, the way I wanted it to be written.”
4. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “ordeal” in Paragraph 2?
A. Suffering. B. Adventure. C. Operation. D. Blessing.
5. What made Christine determined to be a nurse?
A. The help of the medical workers. B. The dream in her childhood.
C. The loss of her old job. D. The death of her son.
6. How did Christine solve her economic problem?
A. By getting an extra job and cutting living costs.
B. By asking for family support and working for VOA.
C. By studying hard and getting help from a program.
D. By applying for scholarships and borrowing money.
7. Which of the following can best describe Christine?
A. Warm-hearted and humorous. B. Strong-willed and thankful.
C. Well-educated and strict. D. Open-minded and fearless.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Christine得到别人帮助实现护士梦想的故事。
【4题详解】
词义理解题。根据划线单词前一句“Unfortunately, after a whole month in the intensive care unit, the boy left her. (不幸的是，在重症监护病房住了整整一个月后，儿子离开了她。)”可知，因为儿子去世了，所以这对她来说是一种折磨；由此可知，划线单词的意思是“折磨”。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“ The last three years had been hard, but she still felt that she was making progress toward her goal of becoming a nurse. “I didn’t have any money. I didn’t have anything—just a dream,” she recalled.( 过去的三年很艰难，但她仍然觉得自己在朝着成为一名护士的目标前进。“我没有钱。我什么都没有——只有一个梦，”她回忆道。)”可知，童年的梦想使克里斯汀立志要当一名护士。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“She became the star student but struggled to take care of her family and study at the same time. With scholarships, she was able to cover about half of her costs.( 她成为了明星学生，但同时努力照顾家庭和学习。有了奖学金，她可以支付大约一半的费用。)”和“That’s when Christine found out about a VOA program, which not only paid for her study but offered to cover gas and food.( 就在这时，Christine发现了美国之音的一个项目，这个项目不仅为她提供学习费用，还提供汽油和食物。)”可知，通过努力学习和一个美国之音项目的帮助，Christine解决了她的经济问题。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Christine became determined to become a nurse and help people the way she had been helped.( Christine决心成为一名护士，像别人帮助她那样帮助别人。)”可知，Christine是一个意志坚定的人；再结合文章最后一句“All these people helped me rewrite my life, the way I wanted it to be written.( 所有这些人都帮助我按照我想要的方式改写了我的人生。)”可知，因为这些人改变了她的人生，所以Christine感谢这些人；由此可知，Christine是一个意志坚强，对别人心存感激的人。故选B。
C
Heading soccer balls seems to take greater injuries on women than on men, according to a new study which focused on the brains of soccer players.
Head knocks can really hurt the brain. Female athletes tend to suffer more brain damage than males do after injuries, the study points out. But until now, no one had directly compared damage in men and women after heading balls.
Michael Lipton, a brain-imaging expert at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in NewYork City, led the research. He noted, “It’s important to figure out how males and females might be different after brain injury. Hopefully, determining how the sexes differ after brain damage will help choose better treatments for each.”
Researchers chose 98 soccer players from amateur teams. The players estimated how often they had headed a ball in the past year. The average headers among men were 487 while women 469. The researchers then studied the brain scans of each player looking for signs of damage. They used a special type of scan to highlight changes in the brain’s white matter. White matter is made up of fibers (纤维), which carry electrical signals from nerve cells in one part of the brain to those in another. So damage to white matter affects how well the brain works. The scans turned up more widespread brain damage in the female players. In women, eight regions showed potential damage linked to frequent headers. In men, only three regions did.
The brain changes studied here weren’t big enough to cause brain damage. But repeated blows to the brain can contribute to memory loss, depression and other problems. One bigger concern is CTE, which can lead to confusion, trouble remembering things and emotional outbursts. Researchers don’t know why women’s brains appear at greater risk. Differences in their heads and necks may play a role. So might genetics and hormones.
8. What does the new study focus on?
A. Comparison of brain damage between sexes. B. Causes of brain injuries among players.
C. Functions of white matter in our brain. D. Effect of repeated blows on athletes.
9. Why did Michael Lipton’s team carry out the study?
A. To find out the differences between men and women. B. To contribute to treatments for brain injury.
C. To prevent soccer players from getting hurt. D. To make a breakthrough in soccer skill study.
10. How was the research carried out?
A. By interviewing soccer players. B. By studying the brain scans.
C. By using a computer model. D. By referring to former studies.
11. What can be learned from the last paragraph?
A. It is hard to identify brain damage. B. The study proves to be a total failure.
C. Reasons for brain damage remains unclear. D. Mental problems cause physical differences.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项针对足球运动员大脑的新研究，头球对女性的伤害似乎比男性更大。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Heading soccer balls seems to take greater injuries on women than on men, according to a new study which focused on the brains of soccer players. (根据一项针对足球运动员大脑的新研究，头球对女性的伤害似乎比男性更大)”可知，这项新研究的重点是比较两性之间的脑损伤。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He noted, “It’s important to figure out how males and females might be different after brain injury. Hopefully, determining how the sexes differ after brain damage will help choose better treatments for each.”(他指出：弄清楚男性和女性在脑损伤后可能会有什么不同是很重要的。希望，确定脑损伤后的性别差异将有助于选择更好的治疗方法)”可知，迈克尔·利普顿的团队进行这项研究是为了帮助治疗脑损伤。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The researchers then studied the brain scans of each player looking for signs of damage. They used a special type of scan to highlight changes in the brain’s white matter. White matter is made up of fibers (纤维), which carry electrical signals from nerve cells in one part of the brain to those in another. (然后，研究人员研究了每个球员的大脑扫描图，寻找损伤的迹象。他们使用一种特殊类型的扫描来突出显示大脑白质的变化。白质是由纤维组成的，它将电信号从大脑一个部位的神经细胞传递到另一个部位)”可知，通过研究大脑扫描进行研究。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Researchers don’t know why women’s brains appear at greater risk. Differences in their heads and necks may play a role. So might genetics and hormones.(研究人员还不知道为什么女性的大脑风险更大。头部和颈部的差异可能是原因之一。基因和荷尔蒙也是如此)”可知，研究人员还不知道为什么女性的大脑风险更大，脑损伤的原因并不确定。故选C。
D
The San Diego County Water Authority has an unusual plan to use the city’s scenic San Vicente Reservoir (水库) to store solar power so it’s available after sunset. The project could help unlock America’s clean energy future.
Perhaps ten years from now, if all goes smoothly, large underground pipes will connect this lake to a new reservoir, a much smaller one, built in a nearby valley about 1100 feet higher. When the sun is high in the sky, California’s abundant solar power will pump water into that upper reservoir. It’s a way to store the electricity. When the sun goes down and solar power disappears, operators would open a valve (阀门) and the force of 8 million tons of water, falling back downhill through those same pipes, would drive machines capable of producing 500 megawatts of electricity for up to eight hours. That’s enough to power 130, 000 typical homes.
“It’s a water battery!” says Neena Kuzmich, Deputy Director of Engineering for the water authority. She says energy storage facilities like these will be increasingly important as California starts to rely more on energy from wind and solar, which produce electricity on their own schedules, without considering the demands of consumers.
Californians learned this during a heat wave this past summer. “Everybody in the state of California got a text message at 5:30 in the evening to turn off their appliances,” Kuzmich says. The sun was going down, solar generation was disappearing, and the remaining power plants, many of them burning gas, couldn’t keep up with demand. The reminder worked:People stopped using so much power, and the grid (电网) survived.
Yet earlier on that same day, there was so much solar power available that the grid couldn’t take it all. Grid operators turned away more than 2000 megawatt hours of electricity that solar generators could have delivered, enough to power a small city. That electricity was wasted. There was no way to store it for later, when operators desperately needed it.
12. What is the function of Paragraph 2?
A. To present the importance of a reservoir. B. To recall a situation in recent ten years.
C. To introduce the usage of solar energy. D. To explain a way to store electricity.
13. What may Neena Kuzmich agree?
A. The reservoir serves to store energy. B. Californians need little solar energy.
C. People used to waste too much energy. D. New storage ways are environmentally friendly.
14. Why was a text message sent to everyone in California?
A. To stop people working. B. To warn people of danger.
C. To tell people the sunset time. D. To remind people of lack of energy.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Scenic San Vicente Reservoir B. San Diego County Energy Plan
C. Water Batteries to Store Solar Power D. Machines to Store Water in California
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了圣地亚哥县水务局有一个不同寻常的计划，利用该市风景优美的圣维森特水库储存太阳能，以便在日落后使用。该项目可能有助于开启美国清洁能源的未来。
12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When the sun goes down and solar power disappears, operators would open a valve (阀门)and the force of 8 million tons of water, falling back downhill through those same pipes, would drive machines capable of producing 500 megawatts of electricity for up to eight hours. That’s enough to power 130, 000 typical homes. (当太阳落山，太阳能消失时，操作人员会打开一个阀门，800万吨水通过这些管道倾泻下来的力量，将驱动能够产生500兆瓦电力的机器，持续8小时。这足以为13万户普通家庭提供电力)”可知，第二段是来介绍太阳能的用途的。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““It’s a water battery!” says Neena Kuzmich, Deputy Director of Engineering for the water authority. She says energy storage facilities like these will be increasingly important as California starts to rely more on energy from wind and solar, which produce electricity on their own schedules, without considering the demands of consumers. (“这是一个水电池!”水务局工程部副主任妮娜·库兹米奇说。她说，随着加州开始更多地依赖风能和太阳能，这样的储能设施将变得越来越重要。这两种能源在不考虑消费者需求的情况下自行发电)”可知，Neena Kuzmich认为这个蓄水池是用来储存能量的。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The sun was going down, solar generation was disappearing, and the remaining power plants, many of them burning gas, couldn’t keep up with demand. (太阳下山了，太阳能发电消失了，剩下的发电厂，其中许多是燃烧天然气的，无法满足需求)” 可知，发给加州每个人的短信的目的是提醒人们缺乏能源。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The San Diego County Water Authority has an unusual plan to use the city’s scenic San Vicente Reservoir (水库) to store solar power so it’s available after sunset. The project could help unlock America’s clean energy future. (圣地亚哥县水务局有一个不同寻常的计划，利用该市风景优美的圣维森特水库储存太阳能，以便在日落后使用。该项目可能有助于开启美国清洁能源的未来)”可知，文章主要讲述的是利用圣维森特水库储存太阳能。C项：Water Batteries to Store Solar Power(水电池储存太阳能)符合文章主题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your teen years are a time to learn about yourself and start thinking about your future. Doing well in school and leading a healthy social and personal life will make you happier and more likely to succeed. But don’t get too carried away with success and the far-future right now. ____16____
Become an eager reader. Go to your school library or the public library and check out books that interest you. It can be anything from poetry to graphic novels and comics. ____17____ If you don’t know where to start, ask the librarian for suggestions based on your interests.
____18____ Do your homework, show up for class on time, keep your schoolwork organized, and have a planner of important dates to help you turn in assignments on time and with less stress. During class, pay attention and ask questions to further your understanding of the material.
Take extracurricular activities you enjoy. Make your extracurriculars a chance for you to relax a little and express yourself. ____19____ You can always find classes at school or beyond. Also, you can use the activities to make your voice heard.
Set realistic academic and personal goals. Set realistic goals for yourself to feel a sense of accomplishment regarding your school and personal life. ____20____ Or you can gain extra credits at least once per term. As for personal goals, you might set an intention to get really good at shooting 3-point shots or learn how to bake bread.
A. Just get reading!
B. Be an excellent student.
C. It doesn’t matter what you like.
D. You can turn to your advisers for help.
E. Take the chance for you to express yourself.
F. Here are some tips for you to enjoy your teenage life.
G. For example, you might set a goal to achieve all A’s.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者为青少年读者提供建议，如何更好的享受青少年生活。
【16题详解】
上文“But don’t get too carried away with success and the far-future right now.（但是，现在不要太着迷于成功和遥远的未来。）”指出作者建议青少年要适当享受青少年时期的生活；下文各段开头的主旨句，如第二段“Become an eager reader.（成为一个热切的读者。）”可知下文各段是在给读者提供建议。故空格处的句子为承上启下的作用。选项F“Here are some tips for you to enjoy your teenage life.（以下是一些让你享受青少年生活的小贴士。）”符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
上文“It can be anything from poetry to graphic novels and comics.（它可以是任何读物，从诗歌到平面小说和漫画。）”指出作者建议大家阅读，重要的是去读起来，而不是读什么样的书籍。选项A“Just get reading!（开始阅读吧！）”符合语境。故选A项。
【18题详解】
下文“Do your homework, show up for class on time, keep your schoolwork organized, and have a planner of important dates to help you turn in assignments on time and with less stress.（做家庭作业，准时到场上课，安排好作业，安排好重要日期，以帮助你按时完成作业，减轻压力。）”指出这一段作者建议读者要要认真完成学生该完成的事情，做一个优秀的学生。选项B“Be an excellent student.（做一个优秀的学生）”恰好符合语境，是对下文的具体行为的总的描述。可用作这一段的主旨句。故选B项。
【19题详解】
上文“Make your extracurriculars a chance for you to relax a little and express yourself.（让你的课外活动给你一个放松和表达自己的机会。）”指出作者建议读者要利用好课外活动休息和表达自己。选项E“Take the chance for you to express yourself.（抓住这个机会表达自己。）”与上文自然过渡，且句子的chance“机会”前使用定冠词the，表示上文表达的同一个“机会”，符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
上文本段主旨句“Set realistic academic and personal goals.（设定现实的学业和个人目标。）”指出这一段是关于如何制定目标的。而选项G“For example, you might set a goal to achieve all A’s.（例如，你可以设定一个目标，所有科目都拿A。）”符合“设定目标”这一段落大意。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Kyler Nipper has a disease preventing his heels from touching the ground while walking. To walk, he usually places his ____21____ on his front tiptoes, and his different way of walking ____22____ his shoes to bend in the middle and often come apart. His parents would get him new ones, ____23____ they’d wear out in weeks. Because his shoes were always worn out, some kids ____24____ him.
Kyler didn’t want anyone else to ____25____ it for having old shoes, so he made a shoe donation ____26____ . “Please donate shoes for the ____27____ kids,” He wrote on the box. He ____28____ to give the donated shoes to anyone in his school who needed a new pair of shoes.
Moved by Kyler’s story, Lady Gaga’s Born This Way Foundation has partnered with Kyler and now ____29____ donate wonderful pairs of shoes to his charity(慈善机构). “I’m so proud and ______30______ with his work. Young people like Kyler are the key to building a kinder, braver world for us all,” said Maya Smith, director of the Foundation.
Now Kyler has set up several “Kyler’s Closets” at local ______31______ and students can come in private to ______32______ any pair that they like. Kyler also regularly brings shoes to the Las Vegas Rescue Mission for those ______33______ people during evening meals.
Kyler believes in ______34______ for others and he likes to say that we should not only tell people to be kind, but also ______35______ it. “We’re spreading it along the way, so that to me is a success,” said Kyler.
21. A. shoes B. balance C. safety D. actions
22. A. causes B. requires C. expects D. allows
23. A. or B. once C. so D. yet
24. A. heard of B. talked with C. cared for D. laughed at
25. A. explore B. remember C. experience D. fear
26. A. organization B. speech C. box D. party
27. A. naughty B. needy C. sick D. strange
28. A. planned B. supported C. agreed D. afforded
29. A. regularly B. hardly C. normally D. simply
30. A. familiar B. impressed C. patient D. disappointed
31. A. parks B. hospitals C. schools D. houses
32. A. buy B. exchange C. choose D. donate
33. A. lucky B. careless C. homeless D. suitable
34. A. responsibility B. kindness C. benefit D. confidence
35. A. discover B. record C. explain D. show
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Kyler Nipper创建一个捐赠鞋的慈善机构为需要鞋的学生们提供新鞋。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：走路时，他通常用前脚尖保持平衡，而他不同的走路方式导致他的鞋子在中间弯曲，并且经常分开。A. shoes鞋子；B. balance平衡；C. safety安全；D. actions行动。由前文“preventing his heels from touching the ground while walking”可知，由于脚后跟有问题，所以只有踮着脚用脚尖走路来保持“平衡”。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：走路时，他通常用前脚尖保持平衡，而他不同的走路方式导致他的鞋子在中间弯曲，并且经常分开。 A. causes导致；B. requires需要；C. expects期待；D. allows允许。由前文“on his front tiptoes”可知，由于是用脚尖走路，则会“导致”鞋中间弯曲并裂开。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。A. or或；B. once一旦；C. so所以；D. yet然而。句意：他的父母会给他买新的，但几周后就会磨损。由前文“His parents would get him new ones”和后文“they’d wear out in weeks”可知，两句之间存在转折关系。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：因为他的鞋子总是破旧不堪，一些孩子嘲笑他。A. heard of听说；B. talked with与...交谈；C. cared for照顾；D. laughed at嘲笑。由前文“his shoes were always worn out”可知，孩子们会“嘲笑”他穿破鞋。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kyler不想让其他人因为有旧鞋而经历这种情况，所以他做了一个鞋子捐赠箱。A. explore探索；B. remember记住；C. experience体验；D. fear害怕。由前文“some kids____4__him.”可知，这里讲Kyler不想让其他孩子也“经历”这种嘲笑。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kyler不想让其他人因为有旧鞋而经历这种情况，所以他做了一个鞋子捐赠箱。 A. organization组织；B. speech演讲；C. box盒子；D. party聚会。由后文“He wrote on the box”可知，这里他做了一个捐赠“盒子”。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：请为由贫穷的儿童捐赠鞋子。A. naughty淘气的；B. needy贫困的；C. sick生病的；D. strange奇怪的。由前文“ having old shoes”可知，这里是在为那些穿旧鞋的“贫困”孩子募捐。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他计划把捐赠的鞋子送给学校里需要一双新鞋子的人。A. planned计划；B. supported支持；C. agreed同意；D. afforded提供。由前文“made a shoe donation ___6___ ”可知，他这样做是“计划”把捐赠的鞋子送给有需要的人。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：被Kyler的故事所感动，Lady Gaga的Born This Way基金会与Kyler合作，现在定期向他的慈善机构捐赠精美的鞋子。A. regularly定期的；B. hardly几乎没有；C. normally通常地；D. simply仅仅。由后文“ Kyler also regularly brings shoes to the Las Vegas Rescue Mission ”可知，这里Born This Way基金也应是“定期”捐赠鞋给他慈善机构。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为他的工作感到骄傲和印象深刻。A. familiar熟悉的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. patient耐心的；D. disappointed失望的。由前文“I’m so proud ”可知，Maya Smith对Kyle的工作感到自豪并且“印象深刻”。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在Kyler已经在当地学校设立了几个“凯勒衣橱”，学生们可以私下来挑选他们喜欢的任何一双鞋。A. parks公园；B. hospitals医院；C. schools学校；D. houses房屋。由后文“students can come in private”可知，Kyle应是在“学校”建立“凯勒衣橱”。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在Kyler已经在当地学校设立了几个“凯勒衣橱”，学生们可以私下来挑选他们喜欢的任何一双鞋。A. buy买；B. exchange交换；C. choose选择；D. donate捐赠。由后文“any pair that they like”以及上下文可知，学生们可以“挑选”自己喜爱的鞋。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kyler还经常在晚饭时间去拉斯维加斯救援团为那些无家可归的人带去鞋。A. lucky幸运的；B. careless粗心的；C. homeless无家可归的；D. suitable合适的。由前文“the Las Vegas Rescue Mission ”可知，这里的人应是“无家可归的”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kyler相信善待他人，他喜欢说，我们不仅要告诉人们要善良，还要表现出来。A. responsibility责任；B. kindness善良；C. benefit利益；D. confidence信心。由后文“we should not only tell people to be kind”可知，Kyler相信应该要“善待”别人。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kyler相信善待他人，他喜欢说，我们不仅要告诉人们要善良，还要表现出来。A. discover发现；B. record记录；C. explain解释；D. show展现。由前文“not only tell”并结合上文可知，我们不仅要说，还要自己做来“展示”友善。故选D项。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the heart of modern Beijing is the Forbidden City. It served as the political center of ancient China between 1420 and 1912 and now it is ____36____ world famous museum.
The Forbidden City ____37____ (build) by Emperor Yongle, the third Ming ruler, ____38____ moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijng in 1403. Sources say it took a million ____39____ (worker) to build it between 1406 and 1420. Legend has it that the Forbidden City was redesigned to have 9, 9991/2 rooms. Half a room is missing to avoid ____40____ (upset) the God of Heaven. The maincolors of the Forbidden City are yellow and red. The walls, doors, and windows were ____41____ (most) painted in red, a symbol of ____42____ (happy) in Chinese culture.
The English name “Forbidden City” is a translation of the Chinese name Zijincheng. In the past, it was forbidden to ordinary people and that is ____43____ the Forbidden City is so named. After the Qing Dynasty, it was made a ____44____ (nation) museum-the Palace Museum and was open to the public. As one of the world’s largest cultural museums, the Palace Museum holds more than a million rare and valuable works of art. So do find a chance _____45_____ (visit) it some day!
【答案】36. a 37. was built
38. who 39. workers
40. upsetting
41. mostly 42. happiness
43. why 44. national
45. to visit
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了紫禁城的相关情况，比如由谁建立、怎么得到这个英文名称等。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在1420至1912年间，它都是古代中国的政治中心，现在它是一个全世界闻名的博物馆。分析句意可知，空格处填写冠词a，表示数量“一个”著名博物馆。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：紫禁城由明代第三个皇帝永乐大帝修建，他于1403年把都城从南京搬到北京。分析句意可知，此处谓语动词build“建立”与主语The Forbidden City “紫禁城”构成被动关系，且为过去发生的事，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：紫禁城由明代第三个皇帝永乐大帝修建，他于1403年把都城从南京搬到北京。分析句意可知，此处需填写连词连接非限定性定语从句，因为先行词为人Emperor Yongle “永乐大帝”，且在从句中作主语，故使用关系代词who。故填who。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：资料称1406至1420年间，上百万工人被用来修筑紫禁城。分析句意可知，此处worker“工人”前有量词a million“一百万”修饰，故应该使用复数形式。故填workers。
【40题详解】
考查动名词。句意：为了避免上天生气，一半的房子消失了。分析句意可知，avoid“避免”后常接动名词作宾语，故此处需要使用upset“使生气”的动名词形式。故填upsetting。
41题详解】
考查副词。句意：墙壁、门窗都被涂成了红色，是中国文化中幸福的象征。分析句意可知，此处most“大多数的”需改为副词形式mostly，修饰动词painted“涂”。故填mostly。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：墙壁、门窗都被涂成了红色，是中国文化中幸福的象征。分析句意可知，此处形容词happy“开心的”需要改为名词happiness“幸福”在句中作介词of的宾语。故填happiness。
【43题详解】
考查连词。过去，紫禁城不对普通大众开放，这就是为什么它被命名为“the forbidden city（被禁止的诚市）”。分析句意可知，空格处填写连词连接表语从句，且连词在表语从句中作原因状语，使用why符合语境。故填why。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：清朝之后，它被作为一个国家博物馆-故宫博物馆，对公众开放。分析句意可知，此处名词nation“国家”需要改为形容词national，作定语修饰museum“博物馆”。故填national。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：所以哪天一定要找一个机会来参观一下！分析句意可知，此处a chance为抽象名词，后常接不定式作后置定语，故visit“参观”应该使用不定式。故填to visit。
第四部分 单词拼写(共10个小题，满分15分)
根据给出的中文释义或者单词，在空白处填入正确的单词，要注意填写单词的正确形式。
注意：所有答案均须来自于必修一前四个单元，将答案以完整单词(含首字母)的形式填写到答题卡上，否则不得分。
46. One secret to staying healthy is to hold a ________ (乐观的) attitude to life. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】optimistic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：保持健康的秘诀之一就是保持对生活的乐观态度。分析句意和中文提示可知，空格处填写形容词optimistic作定语修饰attitude“态度”。故填optimistic。
47. Our school invited a famous scientist to give us a l________ about water pollution. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】lecture
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学校邀请了一位著名的科学家为我们做一场关于水污染的讲座。分析句意和首字母可知，此处填写名词lecture“讲座”，构成give a lecture about sth.“做一场关于...的演讲”。故填lecture。
48. Jack had to jump over the huge rock with all his ________(力量). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】strength
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：杰克不得不用尽全身力气跳过那块巨石。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为strength；设空处前为形容词，设空处应为名词的形式，设空处表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填strength。
49. Though we hadn’t seen each other for years, I r________ him at first sight. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】recognized##ecognized##recognised##ecognised
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：虽然我们多年未见，但我一眼就认出了他。由“Though we hadn’t seen each other for years”可知，句子表示“虽然我们多年未见，但我一眼就认出了他”，空格处意为“认出”，由首字母提示r可知，是recognize/recognise，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填recognized/recognised。
50. The scenery in Qianfo Mountain is ________(极其) beautiful and it is worth a visit. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】extremely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：千佛山的景色极其美丽，值得一游。分析句意和中文提示可知，此处填写副词extremely修饰形容词beautiful“美丽的”。故填extremely。
51. After living in China for years, Mike can speak f________ Chinese now. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】fluent##luent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在中国生活多年后，迈克现在能说一口流利的中文了。根据首字母和空后Chinese可知，fluent流利的，形容词作定语，符合题意。故填fluent。
52. With the loud noise outside, it is hard for students to c________ on the exam. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】concentrate##oncentrate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：外面的噪音太大，学生很难集中精力考试。根据首字母提示和空后介词on可知，concentrate on sth.集中注意力于某事，固定搭配，符合题意；It is hard for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是困难的，固定句型，此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故填concentrate。
53. Angela ________(假装) that she didn’t see me when we met in the party. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】pretended
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们在聚会上遇到时，安吉拉假装没看见我。分析句意和中文提示可知，此处填写动词pretend“假装”做谓语动词，根据从句时态一般过去时可知，“假装”的动作也发生在过去，故使用一般过去时。故填pretended。
54. Jim was c________ about Mr. Brown’s question, so he really didn’t know how to answer it. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】confused##onfused
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：吉姆对布朗先生的问题感到困惑，所以他真的不知道怎么回答。分析句意和首字母可知，此处填写形容词confused“困惑的”作表语，构成be confused about sth.“对……感到困惑”，符合后文语境。故填confused。
55. It is known to all that the ________(源头) of the Yellow River lies in Western China. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】origin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，黄河的源头在中国西部。分析句意和中文提示可知，此处填名词origin“源头”，在句中作主语从句的主语。故填origin。
第五部分 写作(满分25分)
56. 假定你是高一学生李华。你的英国朋友Eric也刚刚开启高中生活，他写信询问你的高中生活。请你根据以下要点写一封回信：
1. 表示感谢
2. 高中生活介绍
3. 表达祝愿
注意：
1. 字数80词左右
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Eric,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric,
How is everything going? I'm very glad to have received your letter, in which you expressed great interest in my senior high life.
I can't wait to share my senior high life with you. I have made several new friends, and my new teachers here are all professional, helpful and kind to us. Moreover, there are various school activities for us students to participate in every term. I believe I will spend a wonderful time in the next three years. Would you like to share something about your senior high with me?
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于回复询问信。要求考生给英国朋友Eric写信介绍自己的高中生活。
【详解】1.词汇积累
快乐的：happy→ glad
此外：besides →moreover
表达：convey → express
有帮助的：beneficial → helpful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Would you like to share something about your senior high with me?
拓展句：Would you like to share something which is about your senior high with me?
【点睛】【高分句型1】I'm very glad to have received your letter, in which you expressed great interest in my senior high life.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I believe I will spend a wonderful time in the next three years.（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句）
2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试
英语试题
本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共150分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，可先将答案写在试卷上。录音内容结束后，必须将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who had a traffic accident last night?
A. Tom. B. Mike. C. David.
2. What does the woman think of the man upstairs?
A. Kind. B. Annoying. C. Hard-working.
3. What does the woman mean?
A. The kitchen is too old. B. The kitchen needs repairing. C. The kitchen is in good condition.
4. What will the man probably do next?
A. Help Mary finish her report. B. Chat with his roommates. C. Make a call to Bob.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Preparations for a party. B. An invitation to a party. C. A shopping list.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话和独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. On which day will the woman go to the concert?
A. April 10th. B. April 12th. C. April 15th.
7. How much should the woman pay in all?
A. $ 50. B. $ 150. C. $ 200.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。
8. How is the weather today?
A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.
9. What will the man take?
A. A raincoat. B. Another T-shirt. C. Another pair of shoes.
10. Where are most probably the speakers?
A. At a store. B. At a hotel. C. At home.
听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。
11. What did the man just do?
A. He kicked a rubbish bin. B. He bought some bottled water. C. He threw away a plastic bottle.
12. What does the woman usually do to protect the earth?
A. Reuse the old things. B. Collect plastic bottles. C. Sort out the rubbish.
13. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Cousins. B. Workmates. C. Friends.
听第9段材料，回答第14至第16题。
14. Why is the woman going to London?
A. To organize an activity. B. To do sightseeing. C. To watch a show.
15. Who will meet the woman at the airport in London?
A. A friend of hers. B. A fellow worker. C. A hotel clerk.
16. What does the man probably do?
A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. An actor.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。
17 Where does the speaker probably work?
A. At a university. B. At a park. C. In a club.
18. How do international students find the Lakeside Campus?
A. Interesting. B. Iconic. C. Inspiring.
19 What is suggested by the speaker?
A. Enjoying the local culture. B. Making more friends. C. Meeting the scholars.
20. Who is the speech intended for?
A. Freshmen. B. Graduates. C. Parents.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Does your child love high-tech, writing or specialty arts? Attending a summer camp with this focus is a perfect way for them to explore and to experience. Look through our selection and find the perfect fit for your child.
ID Tech Summer Camps
We’re trusted and hosted by the world’s top learning organizations. The right instructor changes everything. With personalized learning, your child will progress at their own pace. Your child can level up to Grade 10, standing out to colleges and future workers. We can’t wait to welcome your child to our community of 500, 000+ students.
Summer Academic Youth Programs
Summer is the perfect time for pre-college students to explore their career interests. Our programs provide opportunities for students to experience college life while expanding their knowledge and exploring their interests. There are many opportunities including overnight camps and class credit opportunities.
Independent Lake Camp
It is an overnight summer camp offering impressive activities due to our quality facilities (设备) and talented staff. Started as a non-traditional summer camp, we focus on promoting creativity within each camper and the community and developing individual growth with our personalized scheduling — each camper chooses their own activities.
Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp
Creative writing is taught live online by experienced teachers. Great for ages 7+ and divided into age-based groups, this camp has a limited class size so students can learn fun new skills. Videos will be made available to all creative writing campers. So with several camps to attend, your child will never miss a beat!
1. Who will be interested in Summer Academic Youth Programs?
A. Graduates looking for jobs. B. Students to level up credits.
C. Learners to have academic courses. D. High schoolers expecting college life.
2. What do ID Tech Summer Camps and Independent Lake Camp have in common?
A. They make arrangements for work. B. They include overnight activities.
C. They offer personalized learning. D. They improve personal creativity.
3. Which camp best suits children with busy summer schedules?
A. ID Tech Summer Camp. B. Independent Lake Camp.
C. Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp. D. Summer Academic Youth Programs.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种关于高科技、写作或专业艺术的探索和体验的夏令营。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Summer Academic Youth Programs下的介绍“Summer is the perfect time for pre-college students to explore their career interests. Our programs provide opportunities for students to experience college life while expanding their knowledge and exploring their interests. (夏天是大学预科学生探索自己职业兴趣的最佳时间。我们的课程为学生提供了体验大学生活的机会，同时扩展他们的知识和探索他们的兴趣)”可知，期待大学生活的高中生会对Summer Academic Youth Programs感兴趣。故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据ID Tech Summer Camps 的介绍“With personalized learning, your child will progress at their own pace. Your child can level up to Grade 10, standing out to colleges and future workers. (通过个性化的学习，你的孩子会按照自己的节奏进步。你的孩子可以升到10年级，在大学和未来的工作者中脱颖而出)”以及Independent Lake Camp下的描述“we focus on promoting creativity within each camper and the community and developing individual growth with our personalized scheduling — each camper chooses their own activities. (我们专注于促进每个露营者和社区的创造力，并通过我们的个性化日程表发展个人成长——每个露营者选择自己的活动)”可知，两者的共同之处是他们提供个性化的学习。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp下面的介绍“Videos will be made available to all creative writing campers. So with several camps to attend, your child will never miss a beat!(视频将提供给所有创意写作营员。所以，有几个营地参加，你的孩子不会错过任何一个节拍！)”可知，Virtual Live Creative Writing Camp最适合暑期安排繁忙的孩子。故选C。
B
Christine Rowsey didn’t know how she would go on. The last three years had been hard, but she still felt that she was making progress toward her goal of becoming a nurse. “I didn’t have any money. I didn’t have anything—just a dream,” she recalled.
That dream came out of the loss of her son, who was born 3 weeks in advance. Unfortunately, after a whole month in the intensive care unit, the boy left her. Christine’s main source of support during that ordeal had been the hospital’s nursing staff. “I really loved the way they helped me,” she said. That’s when Christine had a realization:She wanted to do something with her life that mattered. Christine became determined to become a nurse and help people the way she had been helped.
She was able to learn in Oakland University’s one-year licensed practical nursing (LPN)program. She took out loans (贷款)and worried about how she would repay them. She became the star student but struggled to take care of her family and study at the same time. With scholarships, she was able to cover about half of her costs. For the rest, she couldn’t find a way out. That’s when Christine found out about a VOA program, which not only paid for her study but offered to cover gas and food. “The VOA program was a real blessing,” said Christine. “I wouldn’t have been able to continue if VOA hadn’t been there for me.”
Christine now works as an LPN in Detroit, where she cares for patients. Through VOA, she gives talks to young people about the nursing profession. “Nursing school was the hardest thing I’ve ever done, and VOA helped me through it,” said Christine. “All these people helped me rewrite my life, the way I wanted it to be written.”
4. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “ordeal” in Paragraph 2?
A. Suffering. B. Adventure. C. Operation. D. Blessing.
5. What made Christine determined to be a nurse?
A. The help of the medical workers. B. The dream in her childhood.
C. The loss of her old job. D. The death of her son.
6. How did Christine solve her economic problem?
A. By getting an extra job and cutting living costs.
B. By asking for family support and working for VOA.
C. By studying hard and getting help from a program.
D. By applying for scholarships and borrowing money.
7. Which of the following can best describe Christine?
A. Warm-hearted and humorous. B. Strong-willed and thankful.
C. Well-educated and strict. D. Open-minded and fearless.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Christine得到别人帮助实现护士梦想的故事。
【4题详解】
词义理解题。根据划线单词前一句“Unfortunately, after a whole month in the intensive care unit, the boy left her. (不幸的是，在重症监护病房住了整整一个月后，儿子离开了她。)”可知，因为儿子去世了，所以这对她来说是一种折磨；由此可知，划线单词的意思是“折磨”。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“ The last three years had been hard, but she still felt that she was making progress toward her goal of becoming a nurse. “I didn’t have any money. I didn’t have anything—just a dream,” she recalled.( 过去的三年很艰难，但她仍然觉得自己在朝着成为一名护士的目标前进。“我没有钱。我什么都没有——只有一个梦，”她回忆道。)”可知，童年的梦想使克里斯汀立志要当一名护士。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“She became the star student but struggled to take care of her family and study at the same time. With scholarships, she was able to cover about half of her costs.( 她成为了明星学生，但同时努力照顾家庭和学习。有了奖学金，她可以支付大约一半的费用。)”和“That’s when Christine found out about a VOA program, which not only paid for her study but offered to cover gas and food.( 就在这时，Christine发现了美国之音的一个项目，这个项目不仅为她提供学习费用，还提供汽油和食物。)”可知，通过努力学习和一个美国之音项目的帮助，Christine解决了她的经济问题。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Christine became determined to become a nurse and help people the way she had been helped.( Christine决心成为一名护士，像别人帮助她那样帮助别人。)”可知，Christine是一个意志坚定的人；再结合文章最后一句“All these people helped me rewrite my life, the way I wanted it to be written.( 所有这些人都帮助我按照我想要的方式改写了我的人生。)”可知，因为这些人改变了她的人生，所以Christine感谢这些人；由此可知，Christine是一个意志坚强，对别人心存感激的人。故选B。
C
Heading soccer balls seems to take greater injuries on women than on men, according to a new study which focused on the brains of soccer players.
Head knocks can really hurt the brain. Female athletes tend to suffer more brain damage than males do after injuries, the study points out. But until now, no one had directly compared damage in men and women after heading balls.
Michael Lipton, a brain-imaging expert at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in NewYork City, led the research. He noted, “It’s important to figure out how males and females might be different after brain injury. Hopefully, determining how the sexes differ after brain damage will help choose better treatments for each.”
Researchers chose 98 soccer players from amateur teams. The players estimated how often they had headed a ball in the past year. The average headers among men were 487 while women 469. The researchers then studied the brain scans of each player looking for signs of damage. They used a special type of scan to highlight changes in the brain’s white matter. White matter is made up of fibers (纤维), which carry electrical signals from nerve cells in one part of the brain to those in another. So damage to white matter affects how well the brain works. The scans turned up more widespread brain damage in the female players. In women, eight regions showed potential damage linked to frequent headers. In men, only three regions did.
The brain changes studied here weren’t big enough to cause brain damage. But repeated blows to the brain can contribute to memory loss, depression and other problems. One bigger concern is CTE, which can lead to confusion, trouble remembering things and emotional outbursts. Researchers don’t know why women’s brains appear at greater risk. Differences in their heads and necks may play a role. So might genetics and hormones.
8. What does the new study focus on?
A. Comparison of brain damage between sexes. B. Causes of brain injuries among players.
C. Functions of white matter in our brain. D. Effect of repeated blows on athletes.
9. Why did Michael Lipton’s team carry out the study?
A. To find out the differences between men and women. B. To contribute to treatments for brain injury.
C. To prevent soccer players from getting hurt. D. To make a breakthrough in soccer skill study.
10. How was the research carried out?
A. By interviewing soccer players. B. By studying the brain scans.
C. By using a computer model. D. By referring to former studies.
11. What can be learned from the last paragraph?
A. It is hard to identify brain damage. B. The study proves to be a total failure.
C. Reasons for brain damage remains unclear. D. Mental problems cause physical differences.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一项针对足球运动员大脑的新研究，头球对女性的伤害似乎比男性更大。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Heading soccer balls seems to take greater injuries on women than on men, according to a new study which focused on the brains of soccer players. (根据一项针对足球运动员大脑的新研究，头球对女性的伤害似乎比男性更大)”可知，这项新研究的重点是比较两性之间的脑损伤。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He noted, “It’s important to figure out how males and females might be different after brain injury. Hopefully, determining how the sexes differ after brain damage will help choose better treatments for each.”(他指出：弄清楚男性和女性在脑损伤后可能会有什么不同是很重要的。希望，确定脑损伤后的性别差异将有助于选择更好的治疗方法)”可知，迈克尔·利普顿的团队进行这项研究是为了帮助治疗脑损伤。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The researchers then studied the brain scans of each player looking for signs of damage. They used a special type of scan to highlight changes in the brain’s white matter. White matter is made up of fibers (纤维), which carry electrical signals from nerve cells in one part of the brain to those in another. (然后，研究人员研究了每个球员的大脑扫描图，寻找损伤的迹象。他们使用一种特殊类型的扫描来突出显示大脑白质的变化。白质是由纤维组成的，它将电信号从大脑一个部位的神经细胞传递到另一个部位)”可知，通过研究大脑扫描进行研究。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Researchers don’t know why women’s brains appear at greater risk. Differences in their heads and necks may play a role. So might genetics and hormones.(研究人员还不知道为什么女性的大脑风险更大。头部和颈部的差异可能是原因之一。基因和荷尔蒙也是如此)”可知，研究人员还不知道为什么女性的大脑风险更大，脑损伤的原因并不确定。故选C。
D
The San Diego County Water Authority has an unusual plan to use the city’s scenic San Vicente Reservoir (水库) to store solar power so it’s available after sunset. The project could help unlock America’s clean energy future.
Perhaps ten years from now, if all goes smoothly, large underground pipes will connect this lake to a new reservoir, a much smaller one, built in a nearby valley about 1100 feet higher. When the sun is high in the sky, California’s abundant solar power will pump water into that upper reservoir. It’s a way to store the electricity. When the sun goes down and solar power disappears, operators would open a valve (阀门) and the force of 8 million tons of water, falling back downhill through those same pipes, would drive machines capable of producing 500 megawatts of electricity for up to eight hours. That’s enough to power 130, 000 typical homes.
“It’s a water battery!” says Neena Kuzmich, Deputy Director of Engineering for the water authority. She says energy storage facilities like these will be increasingly important as California starts to rely more on energy from wind and solar, which produce electricity on their own schedules, without considering the demands of consumers.
Californians learned this during a heat wave this past summer. “Everybody in the state of California got a text message at 5:30 in the evening to turn off their appliances,” Kuzmich says. The sun was going down, solar generation was disappearing, and the remaining power plants, many of them burning gas, couldn’t keep up with demand. The reminder worked:People stopped using so much power, and the grid (电网) survived.
Yet earlier on that same day, there was so much solar power available that the grid couldn’t take it all. Grid operators turned away more than 2000 megawatt hours of electricity that solar generators could have delivered, enough to power a small city. That electricity was wasted. There was no way to store it for later, when operators desperately needed it.
12. What is the function of Paragraph 2?
A. To present the importance of a reservoir. B. To recall a situation in recent ten years.
C. To introduce the usage of solar energy. D. To explain a way to store electricity.
13. What may Neena Kuzmich agree?
A. The reservoir serves to store energy. B. Californians need little solar energy.
C. People used to waste too much energy. D. New storage ways are environmentally friendly.
14. Why was a text message sent to everyone in California?
A. To stop people working. B. To warn people of danger.
C. To tell people the sunset time. D. To remind people of lack of energy.
15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Scenic San Vicente Reservoir B. San Diego County Energy Plan
C. Water Batteries to Store Solar Power D. Machines to Store Water in California
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了圣地亚哥县水务局有一个不同寻常的计划，利用该市风景优美的圣维森特水库储存太阳能，以便在日落后使用。该项目可能有助于开启美国清洁能源的未来。
12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When the sun goes down and solar power disappears, operators would open a valve (阀门)and the force of 8 million tons of water, falling back downhill through those same pipes, would drive machines capable of producing 500 megawatts of electricity for up to eight hours. That’s enough to power 130, 000 typical homes. (当太阳落山，太阳能消失时，操作人员会打开一个阀门，800万吨水通过这些管道倾泻下来的力量，将驱动能够产生500兆瓦电力的机器，持续8小时。这足以为13万户普通家庭提供电力)”可知，第二段是来介绍太阳能的用途的。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段““It’s a water battery!” says Neena Kuzmich, Deputy Director of Engineering for the water authority. She says energy storage facilities like these will be increasingly important as California starts to rely more on energy from wind and solar, which produce electricity on their own schedules, without considering the demands of consumers. (“这是一个水电池!”水务局工程部副主任妮娜·库兹米奇说。她说，随着加州开始更多地依赖风能和太阳能，这样的储能设施将变得越来越重要。这两种能源在不考虑消费者需求的情况下自行发电)”可知，Neena Kuzmich认为这个蓄水池是用来储存能量的。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The sun was going down, solar generation was disappearing, and the remaining power plants, many of them burning gas, couldn’t keep up with demand. (太阳下山了，太阳能发电消失了，剩下的发电厂，其中许多是燃烧天然气的，无法满足需求)” 可知，发给加州每个人的短信的目的是提醒人们缺乏能源。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The San Diego County Water Authority has an unusual plan to use the city’s scenic San Vicente Reservoir (水库) to store solar power so it’s available after sunset. The project could help unlock America’s clean energy future. (圣地亚哥县水务局有一个不同寻常的计划，利用该市风景优美的圣维森特水库储存太阳能，以便在日落后使用。该项目可能有助于开启美国清洁能源的未来)”可知，文章主要讲述的是利用圣维森特水库储存太阳能。C项：Water Batteries to Store Solar Power(水电池储存太阳能)符合文章主题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your teen years are a time to learn about yourself and start thinking about your future. Doing well in school and leading a healthy social and personal life will make you happier and more likely to succeed. But don’t get too carried away with success and the far-future right now. ____16____
Become an eager reader. Go to your school library or the public library and check out books that interest you. It can be anything from poetry to graphic novels and comics. ____17____ If you don’t know where to start, ask the librarian for suggestions based on your interests.
____18____ Do your homework, show up for class on time, keep your schoolwork organized, and have a planner of important dates to help you turn in assignments on time and with less stress. During class, pay attention and ask questions to further your understanding of the material.
Take extracurricular activities you enjoy. Make your extracurriculars a chance for you to relax a little and express yourself. ____19____ You can always find classes at school or beyond. Also, you can use the activities to make your voice heard.
Set realistic academic and personal goals. Set realistic goals for yourself to feel a sense of accomplishment regarding your school and personal life. ____20____ Or you can gain extra credits at least once per term. As for personal goals, you might set an intention to get really good at shooting 3-point shots or learn how to bake bread.
A. Just get reading!
B. Be an excellent student.
C. It doesn’t matter what you like.
D. You can turn to your advisers for help.
E. Take the chance for you to express yourself.
F. Here are some tips for you to enjoy your teenage life.
G. For example, you might set a goal to achieve all A’s.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. B 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者为青少年读者提供建议，如何更好的享受青少年生活。
【16题详解】
上文“But don’t get too carried away with success and the far-future right now.（但是，现在不要太着迷于成功和遥远的未来。）”指出作者建议青少年要适当享受青少年时期的生活；下文各段开头的主旨句，如第二段“Become an eager reader.（成为一个热切的读者。）”可知下文各段是在给读者提供建议。故空格处的句子为承上启下的作用。选项F“Here are some tips for you to enjoy your teenage life.（以下是一些让你享受青少年生活的小贴士。）”符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
上文“It can be anything from poetry to graphic novels and comics.（它可以是任何读物，从诗歌到平面小说和漫画。）”指出作者建议大家阅读，重要的是去读起来，而不是读什么样的书籍。选项A“Just get reading!（开始阅读吧！）”符合语境。故选A项。
【18题详解】
下文“Do your homework, show up for class on time, keep your schoolwork organized, and have a planner of important dates to help you turn in assignments on time and with less stress.（做家庭作业，准时到场上课，安排好作业，安排好重要日期，以帮助你按时完成作业，减轻压力。）”指出这一段作者建议读者要要认真完成学生该完成的事情，做一个优秀的学生。选项B“Be an excellent student.（做一个优秀的学生）”恰好符合语境，是对下文的具体行为的总的描述。可用作这一段的主旨句。故选B项。
【19题详解】
上文“Make your extracurriculars a chance for you to relax a little and express yourself.（让你的课外活动给你一个放松和表达自己的机会。）”指出作者建议读者要利用好课外活动休息和表达自己。选项E“Take the chance for you to express yourself.（抓住这个机会表达自己。）”与上文自然过渡，且句子的chance“机会”前使用定冠词the，表示上文表达的同一个“机会”，符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
上文本段主旨句“Set realistic academic and personal goals.（设定现实的学业和个人目标。）”指出这一段是关于如何制定目标的。而选项G“For example, you might set a goal to achieve all A’s.（例如，你可以设定一个目标，所有科目都拿A。）”符合“设定目标”这一段落大意。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Kyler Nipper has a disease preventing his heels from touching the ground while walking. To walk, he usually places his ____21____ on his front tiptoes, and his different way of walking ____22____ his shoes to bend in the middle and often come apart. His parents would get him new ones, ____23____ they’d wear out in weeks. Because his shoes were always worn out, some kids ____24____ him.
Kyler didn’t want anyone else to ____25____ it for having old shoes, so he made a shoe donation ____26____ . “Please donate shoes for the ____27____ kids,” He wrote on the box. He ____28____ to give the donated shoes to anyone in his school who needed a new pair of shoes.
Moved by Kyler’s story, Lady Gaga’s Born This Way Foundation has partnered with Kyler and now ____29____ donate wonderful pairs of shoes to his charity(慈善机构). “I’m so proud and ______30______ with his work. Young people like Kyler are the key to building a kinder, braver world for us all,” said Maya Smith, director of the Foundation.
Now Kyler has set up several “Kyler’s Closets” at local ______31______ and students can come in private to ______32______ any pair that they like. Kyler also regularly brings shoes to the Las Vegas Rescue Mission for those ______33______ people during evening meals.
Kyler believes in ______34______ for others and he likes to say that we should not only tell people to be kind, but also ______35______ it. “We’re spreading it along the way, so that to me is a success,” said Kyler.
21. A. shoes B. balance C. safety D. actions
22. A. causes B. requires C. expects D. allows
23. A. or B. once C. so D. yet
24. A. heard of B. talked with C. cared for D. laughed at
25. A. explore B. remember C. experience D. fear
26. A. organization B. speech C. box D. party
27. A. naughty B. needy C. sick D. strange
28. A. planned B. supported C. agreed D. afforded
29. A. regularly B. hardly C. normally D. simply
30. A. familiar B. impressed C. patient D. disappointed
31. A. parks B. hospitals C. schools D. houses
32. A. buy B. exchange C. choose D. donate
33. A. lucky B. careless C. homeless D. suitable
34. A. responsibility B. kindness C. benefit D. confidence
35. A. discover B. record C. explain D. show
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Kyler Nipper创建一个捐赠鞋的慈善机构为需要鞋的学生们提供新鞋。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：走路时，他通常用前脚尖保持平衡，而他不同的走路方式导致他的鞋子在中间弯曲，并且经常分开。A. shoes鞋子；B. balance平衡；C. safety安全；D. actions行动。由前文“preventing his heels from touching the ground while walking”可知，由于脚后跟有问题，所以只有踮着脚用脚尖走路来保持“平衡”。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：走路时，他通常用前脚尖保持平衡，而他不同的走路方式导致他的鞋子在中间弯曲，并且经常分开。 A. causes导致；B. requires需要；C. expects期待；D. allows允许。由前文“on his front tiptoes”可知，由于是用脚尖走路，则会“导致”鞋中间弯曲并裂开。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。A. or或；B. once一旦；C. so所以；D. yet然而。句意：他的父母会给他买新的，但几周后就会磨损。由前文“His parents would get him new ones”和后文“they’d wear out in weeks”可知，两句之间存在转折关系。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：因为他的鞋子总是破旧不堪，一些孩子嘲笑他。A. heard of听说；B. talked with与...交谈；C. cared for照顾；D. laughed at嘲笑。由前文“his shoes were always worn out”可知，孩子们会“嘲笑”他穿破鞋。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kyler不想让其他人因为有旧鞋而经历这种情况，所以他做了一个鞋子捐赠箱。A. explore探索；B. remember记住；C. experience体验；D. fear害怕。由前文“some kids____4__him.”可知，这里讲Kyler不想让其他孩子也“经历”这种嘲笑。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kyler不想让其他人因为有旧鞋而经历这种情况，所以他做了一个鞋子捐赠箱。 A. organization组织；B. speech演讲；C. box盒子；D. party聚会。由后文“He wrote on the box”可知，这里他做了一个捐赠“盒子”。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：请为由贫穷的儿童捐赠鞋子。A. naughty淘气的；B. needy贫困的；C. sick生病的；D. strange奇怪的。由前文“ having old shoes”可知，这里是在为那些穿旧鞋的“贫困”孩子募捐。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他计划把捐赠的鞋子送给学校里需要一双新鞋子的人。A. planned计划；B. supported支持；C. agreed同意；D. afforded提供。由前文“made a shoe donation ___6___ ”可知，他这样做是“计划”把捐赠的鞋子送给有需要的人。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：被Kyler的故事所感动，Lady Gaga的Born This Way基金会与Kyler合作，现在定期向他的慈善机构捐赠精美的鞋子。A. regularly定期的；B. hardly几乎没有；C. normally通常地；D. simply仅仅。由后文“ Kyler also regularly brings shoes to the Las Vegas Rescue Mission ”可知，这里Born This Way基金也应是“定期”捐赠鞋给他慈善机构。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为他的工作感到骄傲和印象深刻。A. familiar熟悉的；B. impressed印象深刻的；C. patient耐心的；D. disappointed失望的。由前文“I’m so proud ”可知，Maya Smith对Kyle的工作感到自豪并且“印象深刻”。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在Kyler已经在当地学校设立了几个“凯勒衣橱”，学生们可以私下来挑选他们喜欢的任何一双鞋。A. parks公园；B. hospitals医院；C. schools学校；D. houses房屋。由后文“students can come in private”可知，Kyle应是在“学校”建立“凯勒衣橱”。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在Kyler已经在当地学校设立了几个“凯勒衣橱”，学生们可以私下来挑选他们喜欢的任何一双鞋。A. buy买；B. exchange交换；C. choose选择；D. donate捐赠。由后文“any pair that they like”以及上下文可知，学生们可以“挑选”自己喜爱的鞋。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kyler还经常在晚饭时间去拉斯维加斯救援团为那些无家可归的人带去鞋。A. lucky幸运的；B. careless粗心的；C. homeless无家可归的；D. suitable合适的。由前文“the Las Vegas Rescue Mission ”可知，这里的人应是“无家可归的”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kyler相信善待他人，他喜欢说，我们不仅要告诉人们要善良，还要表现出来。A. responsibility责任；B. kindness善良；C. benefit利益；D. confidence信心。由后文“we should not only tell people to be kind”可知，Kyler相信应该要“善待”别人。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kyler相信善待他人，他喜欢说，我们不仅要告诉人们要善良，还要表现出来。A. discover发现；B. record记录；C. explain解释；D. show展现。由前文“not only tell”并结合上文可知，我们不仅要说，还要自己做来“展示”友善。故选D项。
第Ⅱ卷
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the heart of modern Beijing is the Forbidden City. It served as the political center of ancient China between 1420 and 1912 and now it is ____36____ world famous museum.
The Forbidden City ____37____ (build) by Emperor Yongle, the third Ming ruler, ____38____ moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijng in 1403. Sources say it took a million ____39____ (worker) to build it between 1406 and 1420. Legend has it that the Forbidden City was redesigned to have 9, 9991/2 rooms. Half a room is missing to avoid ____40____ (upset) the God of Heaven. The maincolors of the Forbidden City are yellow and red. The walls, doors, and windows were ____41____ (most) painted in red, a symbol of ____42____ (happy) in Chinese culture.
The English name “Forbidden City” is a translation of the Chinese name Zijincheng. In the past, it was forbidden to ordinary people and that is ____43____ the Forbidden City is so named. After the Qing Dynasty, it was made a ____44____ (nation) museum-the Palace Museum and was open to the public. As one of the world’s largest cultural museums, the Palace Museum holds more than a million rare and valuable works of art. So do find a chance _____45_____ (visit) it some day!
【答案】36. a 37. was built
38. who 39. workers
40. upsetting
41. mostly 42. happiness
43. why 44. national
45. to visit
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了紫禁城的相关情况，比如由谁建立、怎么得到这个英文名称等。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在1420至1912年间，它都是古代中国的政治中心，现在它是一个全世界闻名的博物馆。分析句意可知，空格处填写冠词a，表示数量“一个”著名博物馆。故填a。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：紫禁城由明代第三个皇帝永乐大帝修建，他于1403年把都城从南京搬到北京。分析句意可知，此处谓语动词build“建立”与主语The Forbidden City “紫禁城”构成被动关系，且为过去发生的事，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：紫禁城由明代第三个皇帝永乐大帝修建，他于1403年把都城从南京搬到北京。分析句意可知，此处需填写连词连接非限定性定语从句，因为先行词为人Emperor Yongle “永乐大帝”，且在从句中作主语，故使用关系代词who。故填who。
【39题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：资料称1406至1420年间，上百万工人被用来修筑紫禁城。分析句意可知，此处worker“工人”前有量词a million“一百万”修饰，故应该使用复数形式。故填workers。
【40题详解】
考查动名词。句意：为了避免上天生气，一半的房子消失了。分析句意可知，avoid“避免”后常接动名词作宾语，故此处需要使用upset“使生气”的动名词形式。故填upsetting。
41题详解】
考查副词。句意：墙壁、门窗都被涂成了红色，是中国文化中幸福的象征。分析句意可知，此处most“大多数的”需改为副词形式mostly，修饰动词painted“涂”。故填mostly。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：墙壁、门窗都被涂成了红色，是中国文化中幸福的象征。分析句意可知，此处形容词happy“开心的”需要改为名词happiness“幸福”在句中作介词of的宾语。故填happiness。
【43题详解】
考查连词。过去，紫禁城不对普通大众开放，这就是为什么它被命名为“the forbidden city（被禁止的诚市）”。分析句意可知，空格处填写连词连接表语从句，且连词在表语从句中作原因状语，使用why符合语境。故填why。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：清朝之后，它被作为一个国家博物馆-故宫博物馆，对公众开放。分析句意可知，此处名词nation“国家”需要改为形容词national，作定语修饰museum“博物馆”。故填national。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：所以哪天一定要找一个机会来参观一下！分析句意可知，此处a chance为抽象名词，后常接不定式作后置定语，故visit“参观”应该使用不定式。故填to visit。
第四部分 单词拼写(共10个小题，满分15分)
根据给出的中文释义或者单词，在空白处填入正确的单词，要注意填写单词的正确形式。
注意：所有答案均须来自于必修一前四个单元，将答案以完整单词(含首字母)的形式填写到答题卡上，否则不得分。
46. One secret to staying healthy is to hold a ________ (乐观的) attitude to life. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】optimistic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：保持健康的秘诀之一就是保持对生活的乐观态度。分析句意和中文提示可知，空格处填写形容词optimistic作定语修饰attitude“态度”。故填optimistic。
47. Our school invited a famous scientist to give us a l________ about water pollution. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】lecture
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学校邀请了一位著名的科学家为我们做一场关于水污染的讲座。分析句意和首字母可知，此处填写名词lecture“讲座”，构成give a lecture about sth.“做一场关于...的演讲”。故填lecture。
48. Jack had to jump over the huge rock with all his ________(力量). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】strength
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：杰克不得不用尽全身力气跳过那块巨石。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为strength；设空处前为形容词，设空处应为名词的形式，设空处表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填strength。
49. Though we hadn’t seen each other for years, I r________ him at first sight. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】recognized##ecognized##recognised##ecognised
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：虽然我们多年未见，但我一眼就认出了他。由“Though we hadn’t seen each other for years”可知，句子表示“虽然我们多年未见，但我一眼就认出了他”，空格处意为“认出”，由首字母提示r可知，是recognize/recognise，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填recognized/recognised。
50. The scenery in Qianfo Mountain is ________(极其) beautiful and it is worth a visit. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】extremely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：千佛山的景色极其美丽，值得一游。分析句意和中文提示可知，此处填写副词extremely修饰形容词beautiful“美丽的”。故填extremely。
51. After living in China for years, Mike can speak f________ Chinese now. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】fluent##luent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在中国生活多年后，迈克现在能说一口流利的中文了。根据首字母和空后Chinese可知，fluent流利的，形容词作定语，符合题意。故填fluent。
52. With the loud noise outside, it is hard for students to c________ on the exam. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】concentrate##oncentrate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：外面的噪音太大，学生很难集中精力考试。根据首字母提示和空后介词on可知，concentrate on sth.集中注意力于某事，固定搭配，符合题意；It is hard for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是困难的，固定句型，此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故填concentrate。
53. Angela ________(假装) that she didn’t see me when we met in the party. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】pretended
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们在聚会上遇到时，安吉拉假装没看见我。分析句意和中文提示可知，此处填写动词pretend“假装”做谓语动词，根据从句时态一般过去时可知，“假装”的动作也发生在过去，故使用一般过去时。故填pretended。
54. Jim was c________ about Mr. Brown’s question, so he really didn’t know how to answer it. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】confused##onfused
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：吉姆对布朗先生的问题感到困惑，所以他真的不知道怎么回答。分析句意和首字母可知，此处填写形容词confused“困惑的”作表语，构成be confused about sth.“对……感到困惑”，符合后文语境。故填confused。
55. It is known to all that the ________(源头) of the Yellow River lies in Western China. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】origin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：众所周知，黄河的源头在中国西部。分析句意和中文提示可知，此处填名词origin“源头”，在句中作主语从句的主语。故填origin。
第五部分 写作(满分25分)
56. 假定你是高一学生李华。你的英国朋友Eric也刚刚开启高中生活，他写信询问你的高中生活。请你根据以下要点写一封回信：
1. 表示感谢
2. 高中生活介绍
3. 表达祝愿
注意：
1. 字数80词左右
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Eric,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric,
How is everything going? I'm very glad to have received your letter, in which you expressed great interest in my senior high life.
I can't wait to share my senior high life with you. I have made several new friends, and my new teachers here are all professional, helpful and kind to us. Moreover, there are various school activities for us students to participate in every term. I believe I will spend a wonderful time in the next three years. Would you like to share something about your senior high with me?
Looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于回复询问信。要求考生给英国朋友Eric写信介绍自己的高中生活。
【详解】1.词汇积累
快乐的：happy→ glad
此外：besides →moreover
表达：convey → express
有帮助的：beneficial → helpful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Would you like to share something about your senior high with me?
拓展句：Would you like to share something which is about your senior high with me?
【点睛】【高分句型1】I'm very glad to have received your letter, in which you expressed great interest in my senior high life.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I believe I will spend a wonderful time in the next three years.（运用了省略that引导的宾语从句）
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