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2022-2023学年河南省新密市第一高级中学高一上学期线上测试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年河南省新密市第一高级中学高一上学期线上测试英语试题（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022—2023学年上学期高一线上测试英语试卷
满分：150分
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小每小2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
A
Students, teachers, and local community members are strongly encouraged to register online to receive real-time information of emergency events from Columbia University.
Text message warnings will only be used in rare cases where ongoing events cause an immediate threat or have a significant influence. Possible situations include severe weather conditions, emergency campus closures, crimes in progress that may endanger the community, and major transportation interruptions.
Read instructions on how to sign up for emergency notifications（通知）.
Columbia students
Columbia students can easily register for text message notifications. Simply enter Student Services Online, click on "Text Message Enrollment" and add your cellphone number. Students can register parents or family members by following the instructions for the public below.
Columbia teachers
Columbia teachers can register for text message notifications by following the step by step instructions below:
● Register with your UNI and password at my.columbia.edu.
● Select "Faculty & Staff" at the top of the page.
● Select "Contact Details".
● Click the "+" under "Phone".
● Select "Campus Alert 1".
● Enter your mobile number.
To receive emergency information on additional mobile phones, you may follow the above instructions for "Campus Alert 2" and "Campus Alert 3" for a total of three.
Community/General Public
Community/General Public interested in receiving emergency information from Columbia can sign up by clicking on the "Register" button on the registration page and entering their email and mobile number. Users will receive confirmation code（密码）on their phone and will need to confirm their account via email.
Users can choose not to use the Emergency Text Alert System at any time by texting STOP to 226787, calling 226789 or sending an email to lr27682@.cumc.columbia.edu.
1. Which is a possible situation where a text message will be sent?
A. The temperature will drop slightly tomorrow.
B. The campus will be closed during Christmas.
C. The main railway system of the city is interrupted.
D. A bank robber is being sentenced in the court of the city.
2. Which step comes before the others when teachers register?
A. Selecting Campus Alert. B. Entering mobile numbers.
C. Clicking "+" under "Phone". D. Selecting "Faculty& Staff".
3. How can users stop receiving text messages?
A. By sending an email.
B. By texting STOP to 226789.
C. By managing information online.
D. By making a phone call to 226787.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是关于注册紧急短信通知的说明。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Possible situations include severe weather conditions, emergency campus closures, crimes in progress that may endanger the community, and major transportation interruptions.（可能的情况包括恶劣的天气条件、校园紧急关闭、可能危及社区的正在进行的犯罪以及严重的交通中断。）”可知，城市的主要铁路系统中断是一种发送紧急短信提醒的情况。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Columbia teachers部分的“Select "Faculty & Staff" at the top of the page.（选择页面顶部的“教职员工”。）”可知，教师注册时，先选“教职员工”。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Users can choose not to use the Emergency Text Alert System at any time by texting STOP to 226787, calling 226789 or sending an email to lr27682@.cumc.columbia.edu.（用户可以通过发短信STOP to 226787、拨打226789或发邮件至lr27682@.cumc.columbia.edu，随时选择不使用紧急短信警报系统。）”可知，可以通过发送邮件的方式随时选择不使用紧急短信警报系统。故选A。
B
When I was a boy, our extended, immigrant family would sometimes gather at my aunt’s tiny house over the summer. Relatives from all over the country would come in to visit. The adults would crowd together in the living room to talk and catch up on each other' s lives. And the kids would be sent out into the front yard to play when dinner was slowly cooked for all of us.
Those were the days before video games, smart phones, and motorized toys, so we often ended up playing an old game. I remember one of those moments especially. As I was the youngest and smallest of all the kids there, I got caught first and couldn't catch anyone else. My brothers and cousins were all too fast for me, and I grew more and more frustrated. I finally fell my face first into the dirt. I got up with tears forming in my eyes. Then I saw one of my female cousins Susan standing there. She started to run but was going much slower than before. I easily caught up and seized her. Then she turned to me, smiled, and said, "I'm it! You'd better run!" I ran off laughing with glee while she turned and started to chase others.
Now I see how her act of kindness that day saved me from sadness and returned me to joy. It didn't matter that we hardly ever saw each other. I know we are family and she loves me.
In her wonderful book: Box of Butterflies, Roma Downey writes, "We are all one, we all belong to each other, and we are one big. beautiful family." Perhaps it is time that we all started to treat each other that way. Perhaps it is time that we shared our love, our kindness, our laughter, and our joy with everyone without fear. Perhaps it is time to finally and forever bring this world together in one big family reunion.
4. When the adults were chatting, the kids would__________.
A. play video games B. sit in the front yard
C. learn to cook dinner D. play traditional games
5. The author was able to catch Susan because________.
A. the others ran too fast B. the author was good at running
C. Susan gave her a chance D. Susan wanted to chase others
6. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The author is grateful for hat Susan did to her.
B. The author cant meet Susan any more.
C. The author urges others to love their family.
D. The author believes the world will become a big family
7. What could be the best title of the passage?
A. A memory of my childhood. B. Sharing of goodness unites us.
C. Kindness brightens our life. D. A good deed is invaluable.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文中作者回忆了在没有数码产品的年代，亲人之间真挚的爱护和关心。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章中的Those were the days before video games, smart phones, and motorized toys, so we often ended up playing an old game.（那个年代没有视频游戏，智能电话和自动玩具，因此我们常常玩一个老游戏）可知，父母聊天时孩子们在玩老游戏。D. play traditional games（玩传统游戏）符合题意。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段的She started to run but was going much slower than before. I easily caught up and seized her.（她开始跑，但明显比之前跑得慢，我很容易赶上并抓住了她）可知，Susan原本可以跑快的，为了让作者抓住她才减速，所以可以推出她是故意让作者抓住的。C. Susan gave her a chance（苏珊给她机会）符合以上说法。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的Now I see how her act of kindness that day saved me from sadness and returned me to joy.（现在我明白了她那天的善举是如何把我从悲伤中拯救出来，又让我重新回到快乐之中）作者把Susan当时的行为称为“act of kindness”可知，作者对Susan是心怀感激的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段的Perhaps it is time that we all started to treat each other that way. Perhaps it is time that we shared our love, our kindness, our laughter, and our joy with everyone without fear. Perhaps it is time to finally and forever bring this world together in one big family reunion.（也许现在是我们开始以这种方式对待彼此的时候了，也许现在是我们毫无畏惧地与每个人分享我们的爱，善良，笑声和我们的欢乐的时候了，也许是时候让这个世界永远聚在一起，成为一个大家庭了）可知，作者主要想表达分享爱，善良，真诚对待他人可以大家真正的成为一体。B. Sharing of goodness unites us（分享善良使我们团聚）可以作为本篇标题，概括文章大意。故选B项。
C
As much as seventy years ago, in the city of Boston, there lived a small girl who had the naughty habit of running away.
Her parents Mr. and Mrs. Alcott, from first to last, had had a good many frights about this flyaway Louisa. Once when she was only two years old they were traveling with her on a steamboat, and she darted away, in some moment when no one was noticing her, and crawled into the engine-room to watch the machinery. Of course her clothes were all grease and dirt, and she might have been caught in the machinery and hurt.
Except for this one fault, Louisa was a good child, so she felt much ashamed that she had caused her mother, whom she loved dearly, so much worry. She made up her mind that she would never frighten her so again. No-she would cure herself of the running-away habit!
After that, whenever she felt the least desire to slip out of the house without asking permission, she would hurry to her own little room and shut the door tight. To keep her mind from bad plans she would shut her eyes and make up stories-think them all out, hers, you know. Then, when some of them seemed pretty good, she would write them down so that she would not forget them. By and by she found she liked making stories better than anything she had ever done in her life
Her mother sometimes wondered why Louisa grew so fond of staying in her little chamber the head of the stairs, all of a sudden, but was pleased that the runaway child had changed into such a quiet, like-to-stay-at-home girl.
It was a long time before Louisa dared to mention the stories and rhymes she had hidden in her desk but finally she told her mother about them, and when Mrs. Alcott had read them, she advised her to keep on writing. Louisa did so and became one of the best American story-tellers. She wrote a number of books, and if you begin with Lulu's Library, you will want to read Little Men and Little Women and all the books that dear Louisa Alcott ever wrote
8. What does the underlined word “darted away” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. disappeared B. left quickly
C. lost herself D. hid herself
9. Why did Louisa crawl into the engine room?
A. Because she wanted to watch the machinery.
B. Because she wanted to make her parents frightened
C. Because she liked to make Jokes.
D. Because otherwise, she might have been hurt.
10 How did Louisa cure herself of running-away habit?
A. She asked permission before going out of the house
B. She found making stories more interesting and gave up her run-away plan at once.
C. Her mother made her enter her own room and shut the door tight.
D. She made up stories and then wrote them down
11. Which of the following can best describe Louisa?
A. Caring. B. Ambitious
C. Strong-minded. D. Demanding.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作家路易斯•奥尔科特小时候的一段经历。她从很小的时候起就喜欢独自“逃跑”，父母为此饱受惊吓，后来她下定决心改正这个习惯，每当有“逃跑”计划时，她就把自己关起来，编故事，写故事，后来她成了作家。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文As much as seventy years ago, in the city of Boston, there lived a small girl who had the naughty habit of running away.（大约70年前，在波士顿城，住着一个小女孩，她有一个顽皮的习惯，那就是逃跑。）以及Her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Alcott, from first to last, had had a good many frights about this fly away Louisa.（她的父母，阿尔科特先生和阿尔科特太太，对Louisa的出走，从始至终，感到非常害怕。）可知Louisa喜欢“逃跑”，因此在有一次当他们和她一起乘汽船旅行的时候，Louisa在没有人注意她的时候，Louisa又飞快地跑开了。故划线短语意思为“快速离开”，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Once when she was only two years old they were traveling with her on a steamboat, and she darted away, in some moment when no one was noticing her, and crawled into the engine-room to watch the machinery.（有一次，当她只有两岁的时候，他们和她一起乘汽船旅行，在没有人注意她的时候，她飞快地跑开了，爬进机舱去看机器。）可知Louisa爬进机舱，因为她想看机器。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中To keep her mind from bad plans she would shut her eyes and make up stories-think them all out, hers, you know. Then, when some of them seemed pretty good, she would write them down so that she would not forget them.（为了不让自己的头脑受到坏计划的影响，她会闭上眼睛编造故事——把它们都想清楚，你知道，这都是她的。然后，当其中一些看起来很不错的时候，她会把它们写下来，这样她就不会忘记它们了。）可知Louisa编造故事，然后把它们写下来，以便改掉逃跑的习惯。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中To keep her mind from bad plans she would shut her eyes and make up stories-think them all out, hers, you know. Then, when some of them seemed pretty good, she would write them down so that she would not forget them.（为了不让自己的头脑受到坏计划的影响，她会闭上眼睛编造故事——把它们都想清楚，你知道，这都是她的。然后，当其中一些看起来很不错的时候，她会把它们写下来，这样她就不会忘记它们了。）可知Louisa下定决心改正缺点，把自己关在房间里，编故事写故事，说明她是一个意志坚强的人。故选C。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第一小题，根据上文As much as seventy years ago, in the city of Boston, there lived a small girl who had the naughty habit of running away.（大约70年前，在波士顿城，住着一个小女孩，她有一个顽皮的习惯，那就是逃跑。）以及Her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Alcott, from first to last, had had a good many frights about this fly away Louisa.（她的父母，阿尔科特先生和阿尔科特太太，对Louisa的出走，从始至终，感到非常害怕。）可知Louisa喜欢“逃跑”，因此在有一次当他们和她一起乘汽船旅行的时候，Louisa在没有人注意她的时候，Louisa又飞快地跑开了。故划线短语意思为“快速离开”，故选B。
D
Nowadays medical technology seems to be advanced enough for doctors to perform brain transplants (移植). Though this procedure (程序) has only been successfully performed on animals so far, doctors are still hoping to perform this procedure on humans. However, in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans because of the large number of problems and side effects that could come along with. Hopefully these dangerous side effects will convince doctors not to perform this procedure on humans.
Despite many benefits technology brings. I do not think this medical technology of brain transplants will help. We were all born with one brain and through childhood to adults our mind developed into who we are, so if with a different brain we would no longer be unique. A person with a different brain would seem to be a total stranger and in many ways they would be. No one should steal our identity from us, even if we are seriously injured, and change it to a completely new one. Also for the people who have died with healthy brains, that was their identity and it should not be given to anyone else.
Another problem with brain transplants is how doctors can choose what are “healthy” or “normal” brains. An elderly person who has died would have an aged brain that would not be as efficient as younger person’s brain. Then would doctors have to find healthy brains of the same age as the person who needs it? This could also bring up other factors such as intelligence, sex, or physical problems that a person might have had before death. Also another problem might be how long a brain can be kept “alive” after death and how it can be kept “alive” without damage.
Overall. my feelings about this operation are that it should not be done on humans until doctors have overcome all the problems and challenges that stand in their way of making human brain transplants successful.
12. Why does the author think brain transplants should not be performed at all?
A. The cost of the operation is extremely high.
B. Doctors are not able to perform brain transplants.
C. A good many problems and side effects may arise.
D. This procedure has only been successful on animals
13. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. People shouldn’t give their healthy brains to others.
B. Having a brain transplant means losing one’s identity.
C. Transplanting brains is changing old brains into new ones.
D. Having brain transplants indicates stealing identity from others.
14. What is the writers’ attitude towards brain transplants an humans?
A. indifferent B. favorable
C disapproving D. objective
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To encourage brain donation.
B. To stress the importance of brain operation.
C. To argue against brain transplants on humans.
D. To introduce the technology of brain transplants.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。虽然医疗技术越来越发达，在动物身上已经成功实施了脑部移植，但是作者认为不应该进行脑部移植，尤其是人类脑部移植。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans because of the large number of problems and side effects that could come along with.”（然而，在我看来，大脑移植根本不应该进行，尤其是对人类，因为大量的问题和副作用可能会随之而来）可知，作者认为完全不应该做脑部移植手术，尤其是在人类身上，因为可能会随之而来大量的问题和副作用。故选C项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段内容，尤其是“We were all born with one brain and through childhood to adolescence our mind developed into who we are, so if with a different brain we would no longer be unique.(我们生来都只有一个大脑，从童年到青年，我们的思想逐渐形成现在的自己，所以如果我们有个不同的大脑，我们将不再独特)”及“Also for the people who have died with healthy brains, that was their identity and it should not be given to anyone else.(同样，对于有健康大脑而去世的人，那是他们的身份，不应该给其他任何人)”可知，第二段主要讲做脑部移植意味着失去自己的身份，故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中 “in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans(我认为，完全不应该做脑部移植手术，尤其是在人类身上)”可知,作者反对在人类身上做脑部移植手术。A. indifferent 冷漠的；B. favorable 支持的；C. disapproving 反对的；D. objective 客观的。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段中作者提出自己的观点“in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans(我认为，完全不应该做脑部移植手术，尤其是在人类身上)”，接下来具体分析为什么不赞成脑部移植，最后一段作者再次强调“it should not be done on humans…(它不应该在人类身上实施……)”，所以本文的目的是反对人类脑部移植。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项中有两项为多余选项.
Getting along with people can be tough. The following are some suggestions that can help you in some way.
Accept human nature. Humans make mistakes. People aren’t always nice. They also have all of the problems that you have in your life. ____16____ This is important to remember when you’re trying to get along with people who are very difficult or seem to be ignoring you; everyone is just doing the best that they can.
____17____ People are all very different: that’s what makes life interesting. And just like people are all different, the world is also very complex. Every situation is different, always. Just because someone doesn’t make the choice that you would make or just because they take a less efficient or smart path to get where they’re going doesn’t make them wrong.
Practice forgiveness Forgive people when they do make mistakes. Sometimes you just have to stop and give people the benefit of the doubt (to believe someone even though you are not sure whether what the person is saying is true). They might really be sorry or they might really not know that what they did was bad. ____18____
Keep an open mind. Sometimes you have to give people the benefit of the doubt. ____19____ For example, when people invite you to parties, really consider going instead of just brushing the invitation aside because you don’t think they’re serious.
Do something together. ____20____ You can work together on a project for school or work. You can also try a new activity together. These activities will give you more to talk about and lots of chances to interact and get to know each other.
A. Think about what your words really mean.
B. Respect that there are lots of reasonable choices.
C. Everyone is dealing with their own set of problems.
D. Co-operation is a great way to develop relationship with people and make friends.
E. You have to forgive them so that you can move on to happier feelings.
F. You might think that they hate you but they might be honestly trying to be nice to you.
G. Even when someone’s making you mad, thank them for their suggestions or their efforts.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了与人交往时的几个方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Humans make mistakes. People aren't always nice. They also have all of the problems that you have in your life.（人都会犯错，人不是完美的，你有的问题别人也会有）”可知，人人生活在都会遇到各种问题，都会犯错误。C项内容 Everyone is dealing with their own set of problems. (每个人都在处理自己的一系列问题)承接上文，与前文的problems相呼应。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Just because someone doesn't make the choice that you would make or just because they take a less efficient or smart path to get where they're going doesn't make them wrong.( 仅仅因为某人没有做出你会做出的选择，或者仅仅因为他们选择了一条效率更低或更聪明的道路去他们要去的地方，并不意味着他们是错的)”可知，与自己不一样的选择不代表别人就是错的，B项内容 Respect that there are lots of reasonable choices. (尊重有很多合理的选择)符合语境，choices与后文相对应。故选B项。
【18题详解】
本段首句也是本段主题句“Practice forgiveness.（练习宽恕）”可知，本段内容主要与原谅有关。E项 You have to forgive them so that you can move on to happier feelings. (你必须原谅他们，这样你才能有更快乐的感觉)符合本段主旨，forgive与中心句呼应。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“For example, when people invite you to parties, really consider going instead of just brushing the invitation aside because you don't think they're serious.（例如，当人们邀请你参加聚会时，要考虑去，而不要因为你认为他们不是认真的而把邀请置之不理）”推知，空处陈述了一种你可能误解他人善意的情况。F项You might think that they hate you but they might be honestly trying to be nice to you. (你可能认为他们恨你，但他们可能真的想对你好)与后文中的例子相呼应，故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Do something together.（共同完成某事）”可知，本段的主要是与他人合作。D项内容 Co-operation is a great way to develop relationship with people and make friends. (一起做事是与人交往和交朋友的好方法)解释前文，cooperation与前文do…together并与下文work together前后呼应。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Scott Poore is an animal lover. He moves into the shelter kennel (犬舍) with the ____21____ of helping unwanted young dogs get adopted. Queen, a 3-year-old dog, has just gotten the most ____22____ roommate despite the narrow living room.
Since Poore is a(n) ____23____ visitor at the shelter, he is familiar with all of the ____24____. However, little Queen in particular has really ____25____ his heart. Poore says that he recently began to notice that Quen seemed to be “losing ____26____” in finding a forever home. “I have been visiting Queen every single day for over a year now and I can ____27____ see her giving up. She used to get so ____28____ when I would arrive and now she just lies in her bed.”
So to raise awareness of Queen’s situation. Poore packed a suitcase and moved into the dog’s kennel to keep it ____29____. Poore says it has been ____30____ managing his work while also living at the shelter but hie is ____31____ to stay in the kennel until someone adopts Queen. Since he ____32____ the kennel earlier this week, he and his new puppy roommate have been ____33____ the headlines of dozens of national news stories, although no possible ____34____ have stepped forward.
Delightfully, this dog has eventually been given a loving home after his path ____35____ with that of a woman living on the other side of the country.
21. A. registration B. intention C. exception D. addiction
22. A. organized B. devoted C. talented D. experienced
23. A. patient B. confident C. adorable D. regular
24. A. survivor B. partners C. animals D. kennels
25. A. broken B. lost C. understood D. stolen
26. A. hope B. freedom C. happiness D. energy
27. A. obviously B. adventurously C. curiously D. accidentally
28. A. annoyed B. amazed C. excited D. disappointed
29. A. organization B. company C. campus D. experiment
30. A. content B. significant C. impressive D. challenging
31. A. inspired B. determined C. honored D. satisfied
32. A. settled into B. cleaned up C. cared for D. met with
33. A. debating B. hearing C. encouraging D. hitting
34. A. visitors B. adopters C. customers D. volunteers
35. A. made B. revised C. crossed D. explored
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。Scott Poore是一个动物爱好者。他搬进了收容所的狗舍,目的是帮助那些没人要的小狗被收养。文章讲述了他为Queen最终找到一个充满爱的家庭的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他搬进了收容所的狗舍，目的是帮助那些没人要的小狗被收养。A. registration注册；B. intention目的；C. exception例外；D. addiction瘾。由“moves into the shelter kennel”和“helping unwanted young dogs get adopted”可知，他搬进了收容所的狗舍，目的是帮助那些没人要的小狗被收养，因此空格处是 “目的”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Queen是一只3岁的狗，尽管客厅狭小，但它还是成为了最忠实的室友。A. organized有组织的；B. devoted忠诚的；C. talented有才能的；D. experienced有经验的。根据“a 3-year-old dog”及常识可知，狗一般被认为是忠诚的朋友。故选B。
【23题详解】
查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于Poore是动物收容所的常客，他对所有的动物都很熟悉。A. patient耐心的；B.confident自信的；C.adorable可爱的；D. regular定期的，有规律的。根据后面的“every single day for over a year now”可知，Poore是这家动物收容所的常客，a regular visitor “一名常客”。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于Poore是动物收容所的常客，他对所有的动物都很熟悉。A. survivor幸存者；B. partners搭档；C. animals动物；D. kennels狗屋。根据后面的“every single day for over a year now”可知，Poore是这家动物收容所的常客，因此对所有的动物都很熟悉。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Queen真的博得了他的欢心。A. broken折断，打碎；B. lost丢失；C. understood明白，理解；D. stolen偷。由后面的“he recently began to notice that”可知，Queen却特别让Poore上心。 steal sb' s heart“博得某人的欢心”，在这里表示Poore喜欢Queen。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Poore说，他最近开始注意到，Queen似乎对找到一个永远的家“失去了希望”。A. hope希望；B. freedom自由；C. happiness幸福；D. energy能量。由下文的“see her giving up”可知，他开始注意到Queen似乎对找到一个永远的家“失去了希望”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一年多来，我每天都去看望Queen，显然我看到它放弃了。A. obviously明显地；B. adventurously冒险地；C. curiously好奇地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据后面的“She used to get so ____8____ when I would arrive and now she just lies in her bed”可知，他很明显地看到它放弃了，因为它只是躺在床上。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：以前它一看到我来就很兴奋，现在它只是躺在床上。A. annoyed生气的；B. amazed惊讶的；C.excited兴奋的；D. disappointed感到失望的。根据“when I would arrive”以及上文可知，他们是好朋友，它看到我“感到兴奋”。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Poore收拾了一个手提箱，搬到狗窝里陪伴它。A. organization组织；B. company陪伴；C. campus校园；D. experiment实验。由“moved into the dog’s kennel to keep it”可知，Poore收拾了一个手提箱，搬到狗窝里陪伴它。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Poore说，在收容中心生活的同时管理自己的工作很有挑战性，但他决定留在狗舍，直到有人收养Queen。A. content满足的；B. significant有意义的；C. impressive给人印象深刻的；D. challenging有挑战性的。由“managing his work while also living at the shelter”可知，Poore在收容中心生活的同时还要管理自己的工作，这是很有挑战性的。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Poore说，在收容中心生活的同时管理自己的工作很有挑战性，但他决定留在狗舍，直到有人收养Queen。A. inspired能力卓越的；B. determined坚决的；C. honored感到荣幸的；D. satisfied感到满意的。由“until someone adopts Queen”可知，他下定决心要留在狗舍，直到有人收养Queen，因此空格处是 “坚决的”。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：自从他在本周早些时候入住狗舍以来，他和他的新室友已经登上了几十条全国新闻的头条，尽管还没有人愿意收养它。A. settled into迁入，住进；B. cleaned up清除；C. cared for关心，喜爱；D. met with遭遇。由前面的“moved into the dog’s kennel”可知，他是入住狗舍，因此空格处是 “住进”。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从他在本周早些时候入住狗舍以来，他和他的新室友已经登上了几十条全国新闻的头条，尽管还没有人愿意收养它。A. debating辩论；B. hearing听见；C. encouraging鼓舞；D. hitting击打。由“the headlines of dozens of national news stories”可知，他和他的新室友已经登上了几十条全国新闻的头条，hit the headlines意为“成为新闻头条”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从他在本周早些时候入住狗舍以来，他和他的新室友已经登上了几十条全国新闻的头条，尽管还没有人愿意收养它。A. visitors参观者；B. adopters收养人；C. customers顾客；D. volunteers志愿者。根据although引导让步状语从句和语境可知，此处谈及没有收养者。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人高兴的是，这只狗最终被赋予了一个充满爱的家，在它的道路上遇到了一个住在这个国家的另一边的女人。A. made制作；B. revised修改；C. crossed交叉；D. explored探索。由“this dog has eventually been given a loving home”可知，这只狗最终被收养了，它遇到了一个女人，因此是她们的道路交叉。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分)
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges. Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers and extra-curricular activities ____36____ (prefer) by others, such as organizing debates, studying literature, dancing ballet and cleaning up the greenhouses. But more people sign up for advanced courses out of ____37____ (curious). Actually, some teenagers feel confused in their youth, and their behaviors are sometimes confusing. They think there is a generation gap between ____38____ (they) and adults, so experts are trying to find a suitable solution.
Johnson, ____39____ outgoing freshman, is so attracted to Chinese literature that he ____40____ (quit) his studies in Chicago and come to China. Obviously, with the help of his teacher, his Chinese has improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese ____41____ campus now. As ____42____ (schedule), he will graduate next year. ____43____ he is concentrating on is the ancient Chinese Literature and he is fascinated with Tang poetry. The topic of his research content is “the differences between Eastern and Western literature”. An editor that acts ____44____ (responsible) has recommended him _____45_____ (read) some classical Chinese literature first. The recommendation means a lot to him.
【答案】36. are preferred
37. curiosity
38. themselves
39. an 40. has quit
41. on 42. scheduled
43. What 44. responsibly
45. to read
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章以约翰逊为例讲述了一些青少年所面临的机遇与挑战。
【36题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：一些青少年喜欢做志愿工作，而另一些人则喜欢课外活动，比如组织辩论、学习文学、跳芭蕾舞和打扫温室。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，主语与动词之间为被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态；此处描述的是一件事实，因此需要使用一般现在时，主语为复数。故填are preferred。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：但更多的人是出于好奇而报名参加高级课程的。空格前为介词，因此需要填入名词，curious的名词为curiosity，不可数。故填curiosity。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们认为他们和成年人之间有代沟，所以专家们正在试图找到一个合适的解决办法。分析句子结构可知此处需要填入代词，结合句意宾语和主语所指相同，因此宾语需要使用反身代词。故填themselves。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：约翰逊是一名性格开朗的大一新生，他对中国文学非常感兴趣，以至于放弃了在芝加哥的学业来到中国。分析句子结构可知此处位于可数名词freshman前，因此需要填入不定冠词，且outgoing发音为元音音素开头。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：约翰逊是一名性格开朗的大一新生，他对中国文学非常感兴趣，以至于放弃了在芝加哥的学业来到中国。根据后句“他来到中国”可知，他已将放弃了在芝加哥的学业，表示过去动作对现在的影响，需要使用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has quit。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：显然，在老师的帮助下，他的中文有了很大的进步，现在他可以在校园里说流利的中文了。此处表示在“校园里”固定短语为on campus，故填on。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：按计划，他将于明年毕业。根据句意可知，此处表示“按照计划，他明年会毕业”；as scheduled按照计划，为固定短语。故填scheduled。
【43题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：他所专注的是中国古代文学，他对唐诗着迷。分析句子结构可知，此处是主语从句，从句中缺少介词on的宾语；空格处描述事情，因此用what。故填What。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：一位负责任的编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词，因此需要使用副词。故填responsibly。
【45题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：一位负责任的编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学。此处位于动词recommend之后，做宾补。推荐某人做某事，为recommend sb to do sth.。故填to read。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，现在有机会去国外做交换生一年，但你对留学生活有很多困惑。请你写信给好友John，询问相关事宜。内容包括：
1. 说明写信目的；
2 询问相关事宜（如住宿，学习氛围，社交活动等）；
3. 表达心情。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Dear John,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
I’ve got a chance to be an exchange student to study abroad for one year. But I am puzzled about the life in a different country. Can you help me with the following puzzles?
Firstly, what I am concerned about is the academic requirements there. Are the teachers strict with students? Moreover, where do you suggest me living? In addition, I wonder whether there are any social activities for exchange students. To be honest, I am eager to learn about cultures of different countries through various activities.
I feel delighted but anxious now. I’d appreciate it if you could help me.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生写信给好友John，询问对留学生活的相关事宜。
【详解】1.词汇积累
困惑的：puzzled→confused
担心：be concerned about→be worried about
此外：in addition→what’s more
高兴的：delighted→happy
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’ve got a chance to be an exchange student to study abroad for one year. But I am puzzled about the life in a different country.
拓展句：Although I’ve got a chance to be an exchange student to study abroad for one year, I am puzzled about the life in a different country.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Firstly, what I am concerned about is the academic requirements there.（what引导主语从句）
[高分句型2]
In addition, I wonder whether there are any social activities for exchange students.（whether引导宾语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
There Are No Vans
To me, what Thanksgiving really means is giving good thanks, not eating turkey. By the time I was 18 I had created my Thanksgiving ritual (惯例). I would go out shopping and buy enough food for one or two families. Then I would dress like a delivery boy, go to the poorest neighborhood and just knock on a door, and would always include a note saying “All that I ask in return is that you take good enough care of yourself so that someday you can do the same thing for someone else.” I have received more from this annual ritual than I have from any amount of money I’ve ever earned, especially one such experience in New York City.
Several years ago I was in New York City with my newly married wife during Thanksgiving. She was sad because we were not with our family. Normally she would be home decorating the house for Christmas, but we were stuck here in a hotel room. I said, “Honey, look, why don’t we decorate some lives today instead of some trees?” When I told her what I always do on Thanksgiving, she got excited. I said, “Let’s go someplace where we can really appreciate who we are, what we are able to do and what we can really give. Let’s go to the poor neighborhood Harlem and feed some people there in need. We’ll go buy enough food for six or seven families for 30 days. We’ve got enough. Let’s go do it!”
We started by getting a van (货车), but there seemed no vans in all of New York
City. The rent-a-car places were all out of vans. My wife was disappointed, and I said, “Look, the bottom line is that if we want something, we can make it happen! All we have to do is take action. There are plenty of vans here in New York City. Look down at the street. Do you see all those vans? Let’s go get one!” My wife agreed and we took action.
Para1：
We tried stopping vans as they were driving down the street.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2:
Eventually a van drove up and the driver said yes.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para1：
We tried stopping vans as they were driving down the street. I learned something about New York drivers that day: They don’t stop; they speed up. Then we tried waiting by the light. We’d go over, knock on the window and the driver would roll it down, looking at us in alarm, and I’d ask if he would drive us to Harlem so we could help some people. Every time the driver would look away quickly, furiously roll up the window and pull away without saying anything. My wife was ready to give up, but I said, “It’s the law of averages: somebody is going to say yes.”
Para 2:
Eventually a van drove up and the driver said yes. We were wild with joy and climbed onto the van. Upon arrival, he led us to a store where we bought lots of food and some baskets. Together we packed them up, carried them onto the van and went to buildings where there were even people living without electricity. It was a truly fulfilling experience to make even a small difference. You see, you can make anything happen if you commit to it and take action. Miracles like this happen every day— even in a city where “there are no vans.”
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，上文提到了作者每当感恩节时，就会出去购物，为一两个家庭买足够的食物，然后穿得像一个送报员，去最贫穷的社区敲门，还总是附上一张纸条。然而几年前，作者和新婚的妻子在纽约过感恩节时，被困在了酒店，妻子提议去贫穷的哈莱姆区，给那里一些需要帮助的人提供食物。但是他们发现似乎整个纽约都弄不到一辆货车，妻子很失望，但是提议去下面的街道上拦一辆货车。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：我们试着拦住沿街行驶的货车。所以后文应该是讲述作者和妻子在路边拦货车的经过，他们被许多司机拒绝了；第二段开头是：最后一辆货车开了过来，司机答应了。本段应该写作者和妻子如何拦到了车，去买了许多东西送给穷人，作者认为这是一个真正令人满意的经历，即使是一个小的改变。这样的奇迹每天都在发生——即使是在一个“没有货车”的城市。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：speed up，furiously，roll up the window，be ready to，pack up, make even a small difference等高级词汇；We’d go over, knock on the window and the driver would roll it down, looking at us in alarm, and I’d ask if he would drive us to Harlem so we could help some people.宾语从句；Together we packed them up, carried them onto the van and went to buildings where there were even people living without electricity.定语从句等高级句式。
2022—2023学年上学期高一线上测试英语试卷
满分：150分
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小每小2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
A
Students, teachers, and local community members are strongly encouraged to register online to receive real-time information of emergency events from Columbia University.
Text message warnings will only be used in rare cases where ongoing events cause an immediate threat or have a significant influence. Possible situations include severe weather conditions, emergency campus closures, crimes in progress that may endanger the community, and major transportation interruptions.
Read instructions on how to sign up for emergency notifications（通知）.
Columbia students
Columbia students can easily register for text message notifications. Simply enter Student Services Online, click on "Text Message Enrollment" and add your cellphone number. Students can register parents or family members by following the instructions for the public below.
Columbia teachers
Columbia teachers can register for text message notifications by following the step by step instructions below:
● Register with your UNI and password at my.columbia.edu.
● Select "Faculty & Staff" at the top of the page.
● Select "Contact Details".
● Click the "+" under "Phone".
● Select "Campus Alert 1".
● Enter your mobile number.
To receive emergency information on additional mobile phones, you may follow the above instructions for "Campus Alert 2" and "Campus Alert 3" for a total of three.
Community/General Public
Community/General Public interested in receiving emergency information from Columbia can sign up by clicking on the "Register" button on the registration page and entering their email and mobile number. Users will receive confirmation code（密码）on their phone and will need to confirm their account via email.
Users can choose not to use the Emergency Text Alert System at any time by texting STOP to 226787, calling 226789 or sending an email to lr27682@.cumc.columbia.edu.
1. Which is a possible situation where a text message will be sent?
A. The temperature will drop slightly tomorrow.
B. The campus will be closed during Christmas.
C. The main railway system of the city is interrupted.
D. A bank robber is being sentenced in the court of the city.
2. Which step comes before the others when teachers register?
A. Selecting Campus Alert. B. Entering mobile numbers.
C. Clicking "+" under "Phone". D. Selecting "Faculty& Staff".
3. How can users stop receiving text messages?
A. By sending an email.
B. By texting STOP to 226789.
C. By managing information online.
D. By making a phone call to 226787.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是关于注册紧急短信通知的说明。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Possible situations include severe weather conditions, emergency campus closures, crimes in progress that may endanger the community, and major transportation interruptions.（可能的情况包括恶劣的天气条件、校园紧急关闭、可能危及社区的正在进行的犯罪以及严重的交通中断。）”可知，城市的主要铁路系统中断是一种发送紧急短信提醒的情况。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Columbia teachers部分的“Select "Faculty & Staff" at the top of the page.（选择页面顶部的“教职员工”。）”可知，教师注册时，先选“教职员工”。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Users can choose not to use the Emergency Text Alert System at any time by texting STOP to 226787, calling 226789 or sending an email to lr27682@.cumc.columbia.edu.（用户可以通过发短信STOP to 226787、拨打226789或发邮件至lr27682@.cumc.columbia.edu，随时选择不使用紧急短信警报系统。）”可知，可以通过发送邮件的方式随时选择不使用紧急短信警报系统。故选A。
B
When I was a boy, our extended, immigrant family would sometimes gather at my aunt’s tiny house over the summer. Relatives from all over the country would come in to visit. The adults would crowd together in the living room to talk and catch up on each other' s lives. And the kids would be sent out into the front yard to play when dinner was slowly cooked for all of us.
Those were the days before video games, smart phones, and motorized toys, so we often ended up playing an old game. I remember one of those moments especially. As I was the youngest and smallest of all the kids there, I got caught first and couldn't catch anyone else. My brothers and cousins were all too fast for me, and I grew more and more frustrated. I finally fell my face first into the dirt. I got up with tears forming in my eyes. Then I saw one of my female cousins Susan standing there. She started to run but was going much slower than before. I easily caught up and seized her. Then she turned to me, smiled, and said, "I'm it! You'd better run!" I ran off laughing with glee while she turned and started to chase others.
Now I see how her act of kindness that day saved me from sadness and returned me to joy. It didn't matter that we hardly ever saw each other. I know we are family and she loves me.
In her wonderful book: Box of Butterflies, Roma Downey writes, "We are all one, we all belong to each other, and we are one big. beautiful family." Perhaps it is time that we all started to treat each other that way. Perhaps it is time that we shared our love, our kindness, our laughter, and our joy with everyone without fear. Perhaps it is time to finally and forever bring this world together in one big family reunion.
4. When the adults were chatting, the kids would__________.
A. play video games B. sit in the front yard
C. learn to cook dinner D. play traditional games
5. The author was able to catch Susan because________.
A. the others ran too fast B. the author was good at running
C. Susan gave her a chance D. Susan wanted to chase others
6. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The author is grateful for hat Susan did to her.
B. The author cant meet Susan any more.
C. The author urges others to love their family.
D. The author believes the world will become a big family
7. What could be the best title of the passage?
A. A memory of my childhood. B. Sharing of goodness unites us.
C. Kindness brightens our life. D. A good deed is invaluable.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文中作者回忆了在没有数码产品的年代，亲人之间真挚的爱护和关心。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章中的Those were the days before video games, smart phones, and motorized toys, so we often ended up playing an old game.（那个年代没有视频游戏，智能电话和自动玩具，因此我们常常玩一个老游戏）可知，父母聊天时孩子们在玩老游戏。D. play traditional games（玩传统游戏）符合题意。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段的She started to run but was going much slower than before. I easily caught up and seized her.（她开始跑，但明显比之前跑得慢，我很容易赶上并抓住了她）可知，Susan原本可以跑快的，为了让作者抓住她才减速，所以可以推出她是故意让作者抓住的。C. Susan gave her a chance（苏珊给她机会）符合以上说法。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的Now I see how her act of kindness that day saved me from sadness and returned me to joy.（现在我明白了她那天的善举是如何把我从悲伤中拯救出来，又让我重新回到快乐之中）作者把Susan当时的行为称为“act of kindness”可知，作者对Susan是心怀感激的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段的Perhaps it is time that we all started to treat each other that way. Perhaps it is time that we shared our love, our kindness, our laughter, and our joy with everyone without fear. Perhaps it is time to finally and forever bring this world together in one big family reunion.（也许现在是我们开始以这种方式对待彼此的时候了，也许现在是我们毫无畏惧地与每个人分享我们的爱，善良，笑声和我们的欢乐的时候了，也许是时候让这个世界永远聚在一起，成为一个大家庭了）可知，作者主要想表达分享爱，善良，真诚对待他人可以大家真正的成为一体。B. Sharing of goodness unites us（分享善良使我们团聚）可以作为本篇标题，概括文章大意。故选B项。
C
As much as seventy years ago, in the city of Boston, there lived a small girl who had the naughty habit of running away.
Her parents Mr. and Mrs. Alcott, from first to last, had had a good many frights about this flyaway Louisa. Once when she was only two years old they were traveling with her on a steamboat, and she darted away, in some moment when no one was noticing her, and crawled into the engine-room to watch the machinery. Of course her clothes were all grease and dirt, and she might have been caught in the machinery and hurt.
Except for this one fault, Louisa was a good child, so she felt much ashamed that she had caused her mother, whom she loved dearly, so much worry. She made up her mind that she would never frighten her so again. No-she would cure herself of the running-away habit!
After that, whenever she felt the least desire to slip out of the house without asking permission, she would hurry to her own little room and shut the door tight. To keep her mind from bad plans she would shut her eyes and make up stories-think them all out, hers, you know. Then, when some of them seemed pretty good, she would write them down so that she would not forget them. By and by she found she liked making stories better than anything she had ever done in her life
Her mother sometimes wondered why Louisa grew so fond of staying in her little chamber the head of the stairs, all of a sudden, but was pleased that the runaway child had changed into such a quiet, like-to-stay-at-home girl.
It was a long time before Louisa dared to mention the stories and rhymes she had hidden in her desk but finally she told her mother about them, and when Mrs. Alcott had read them, she advised her to keep on writing. Louisa did so and became one of the best American story-tellers. She wrote a number of books, and if you begin with Lulu's Library, you will want to read Little Men and Little Women and all the books that dear Louisa Alcott ever wrote
8. What does the underlined word “darted away” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. disappeared B. left quickly
C. lost herself D. hid herself
9. Why did Louisa crawl into the engine room?
A. Because she wanted to watch the machinery.
B. Because she wanted to make her parents frightened
C. Because she liked to make Jokes.
D. Because otherwise, she might have been hurt.
10 How did Louisa cure herself of running-away habit?
A. She asked permission before going out of the house
B. She found making stories more interesting and gave up her run-away plan at once.
C. Her mother made her enter her own room and shut the door tight.
D. She made up stories and then wrote them down
11. Which of the following can best describe Louisa?
A. Caring. B. Ambitious
C. Strong-minded. D. Demanding.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作家路易斯•奥尔科特小时候的一段经历。她从很小的时候起就喜欢独自“逃跑”，父母为此饱受惊吓，后来她下定决心改正这个习惯，每当有“逃跑”计划时，她就把自己关起来，编故事，写故事，后来她成了作家。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文As much as seventy years ago, in the city of Boston, there lived a small girl who had the naughty habit of running away.（大约70年前，在波士顿城，住着一个小女孩，她有一个顽皮的习惯，那就是逃跑。）以及Her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Alcott, from first to last, had had a good many frights about this fly away Louisa.（她的父母，阿尔科特先生和阿尔科特太太，对Louisa的出走，从始至终，感到非常害怕。）可知Louisa喜欢“逃跑”，因此在有一次当他们和她一起乘汽船旅行的时候，Louisa在没有人注意她的时候，Louisa又飞快地跑开了。故划线短语意思为“快速离开”，故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中Once when she was only two years old they were traveling with her on a steamboat, and she darted away, in some moment when no one was noticing her, and crawled into the engine-room to watch the machinery.（有一次，当她只有两岁的时候，他们和她一起乘汽船旅行，在没有人注意她的时候，她飞快地跑开了，爬进机舱去看机器。）可知Louisa爬进机舱，因为她想看机器。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中To keep her mind from bad plans she would shut her eyes and make up stories-think them all out, hers, you know. Then, when some of them seemed pretty good, she would write them down so that she would not forget them.（为了不让自己的头脑受到坏计划的影响，她会闭上眼睛编造故事——把它们都想清楚，你知道，这都是她的。然后，当其中一些看起来很不错的时候，她会把它们写下来，这样她就不会忘记它们了。）可知Louisa编造故事，然后把它们写下来，以便改掉逃跑的习惯。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中To keep her mind from bad plans she would shut her eyes and make up stories-think them all out, hers, you know. Then, when some of them seemed pretty good, she would write them down so that she would not forget them.（为了不让自己的头脑受到坏计划的影响，她会闭上眼睛编造故事——把它们都想清楚，你知道，这都是她的。然后，当其中一些看起来很不错的时候，她会把它们写下来，这样她就不会忘记它们了。）可知Louisa下定决心改正缺点，把自己关在房间里，编故事写故事，说明她是一个意志坚强的人。故选C。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。
② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第一小题，根据上文As much as seventy years ago, in the city of Boston, there lived a small girl who had the naughty habit of running away.（大约70年前，在波士顿城，住着一个小女孩，她有一个顽皮的习惯，那就是逃跑。）以及Her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Alcott, from first to last, had had a good many frights about this fly away Louisa.（她的父母，阿尔科特先生和阿尔科特太太，对Louisa的出走，从始至终，感到非常害怕。）可知Louisa喜欢“逃跑”，因此在有一次当他们和她一起乘汽船旅行的时候，Louisa在没有人注意她的时候，Louisa又飞快地跑开了。故划线短语意思为“快速离开”，故选B。
D
Nowadays medical technology seems to be advanced enough for doctors to perform brain transplants (移植). Though this procedure (程序) has only been successfully performed on animals so far, doctors are still hoping to perform this procedure on humans. However, in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans because of the large number of problems and side effects that could come along with. Hopefully these dangerous side effects will convince doctors not to perform this procedure on humans.
Despite many benefits technology brings. I do not think this medical technology of brain transplants will help. We were all born with one brain and through childhood to adults our mind developed into who we are, so if with a different brain we would no longer be unique. A person with a different brain would seem to be a total stranger and in many ways they would be. No one should steal our identity from us, even if we are seriously injured, and change it to a completely new one. Also for the people who have died with healthy brains, that was their identity and it should not be given to anyone else.
Another problem with brain transplants is how doctors can choose what are “healthy” or “normal” brains. An elderly person who has died would have an aged brain that would not be as efficient as younger person’s brain. Then would doctors have to find healthy brains of the same age as the person who needs it? This could also bring up other factors such as intelligence, sex, or physical problems that a person might have had before death. Also another problem might be how long a brain can be kept “alive” after death and how it can be kept “alive” without damage.
Overall. my feelings about this operation are that it should not be done on humans until doctors have overcome all the problems and challenges that stand in their way of making human brain transplants successful.
12. Why does the author think brain transplants should not be performed at all?
A. The cost of the operation is extremely high.
B. Doctors are not able to perform brain transplants.
C. A good many problems and side effects may arise.
D. This procedure has only been successful on animals
13. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. People shouldn’t give their healthy brains to others.
B. Having a brain transplant means losing one’s identity.
C. Transplanting brains is changing old brains into new ones.
D. Having brain transplants indicates stealing identity from others.
14. What is the writers’ attitude towards brain transplants an humans?
A. indifferent B. favorable
C disapproving D. objective
15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To encourage brain donation.
B. To stress the importance of brain operation.
C. To argue against brain transplants on humans.
D. To introduce the technology of brain transplants.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。虽然医疗技术越来越发达，在动物身上已经成功实施了脑部移植，但是作者认为不应该进行脑部移植，尤其是人类脑部移植。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans because of the large number of problems and side effects that could come along with.”（然而，在我看来，大脑移植根本不应该进行，尤其是对人类，因为大量的问题和副作用可能会随之而来）可知，作者认为完全不应该做脑部移植手术，尤其是在人类身上，因为可能会随之而来大量的问题和副作用。故选C项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段内容，尤其是“We were all born with one brain and through childhood to adolescence our mind developed into who we are, so if with a different brain we would no longer be unique.(我们生来都只有一个大脑，从童年到青年，我们的思想逐渐形成现在的自己，所以如果我们有个不同的大脑，我们将不再独特)”及“Also for the people who have died with healthy brains, that was their identity and it should not be given to anyone else.(同样，对于有健康大脑而去世的人，那是他们的身份，不应该给其他任何人)”可知，第二段主要讲做脑部移植意味着失去自己的身份，故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。第一段中 “in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans(我认为，完全不应该做脑部移植手术，尤其是在人类身上)”可知,作者反对在人类身上做脑部移植手术。A. indifferent 冷漠的；B. favorable 支持的；C. disapproving 反对的；D. objective 客观的。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段中作者提出自己的观点“in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans(我认为，完全不应该做脑部移植手术，尤其是在人类身上)”，接下来具体分析为什么不赞成脑部移植，最后一段作者再次强调“it should not be done on humans…(它不应该在人类身上实施……)”，所以本文的目的是反对人类脑部移植。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项中有两项为多余选项.
Getting along with people can be tough. The following are some suggestions that can help you in some way.
Accept human nature. Humans make mistakes. People aren’t always nice. They also have all of the problems that you have in your life. ____16____ This is important to remember when you’re trying to get along with people who are very difficult or seem to be ignoring you; everyone is just doing the best that they can.
____17____ People are all very different: that’s what makes life interesting. And just like people are all different, the world is also very complex. Every situation is different, always. Just because someone doesn’t make the choice that you would make or just because they take a less efficient or smart path to get where they’re going doesn’t make them wrong.
Practice forgiveness Forgive people when they do make mistakes. Sometimes you just have to stop and give people the benefit of the doubt (to believe someone even though you are not sure whether what the person is saying is true). They might really be sorry or they might really not know that what they did was bad. ____18____
Keep an open mind. Sometimes you have to give people the benefit of the doubt. ____19____ For example, when people invite you to parties, really consider going instead of just brushing the invitation aside because you don’t think they’re serious.
Do something together. ____20____ You can work together on a project for school or work. You can also try a new activity together. These activities will give you more to talk about and lots of chances to interact and get to know each other.
A. Think about what your words really mean.
B. Respect that there are lots of reasonable choices.
C. Everyone is dealing with their own set of problems.
D. Co-operation is a great way to develop relationship with people and make friends.
E. You have to forgive them so that you can move on to happier feelings.
F. You might think that they hate you but they might be honestly trying to be nice to you.
G. Even when someone’s making you mad, thank them for their suggestions or their efforts.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了与人交往时的几个方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文“Humans make mistakes. People aren't always nice. They also have all of the problems that you have in your life.（人都会犯错，人不是完美的，你有的问题别人也会有）”可知，人人生活在都会遇到各种问题，都会犯错误。C项内容 Everyone is dealing with their own set of problems. (每个人都在处理自己的一系列问题)承接上文，与前文的problems相呼应。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Just because someone doesn't make the choice that you would make or just because they take a less efficient or smart path to get where they're going doesn't make them wrong.( 仅仅因为某人没有做出你会做出的选择，或者仅仅因为他们选择了一条效率更低或更聪明的道路去他们要去的地方，并不意味着他们是错的)”可知，与自己不一样的选择不代表别人就是错的，B项内容 Respect that there are lots of reasonable choices. (尊重有很多合理的选择)符合语境，choices与后文相对应。故选B项。
【18题详解】
本段首句也是本段主题句“Practice forgiveness.（练习宽恕）”可知，本段内容主要与原谅有关。E项 You have to forgive them so that you can move on to happier feelings. (你必须原谅他们，这样你才能有更快乐的感觉)符合本段主旨，forgive与中心句呼应。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“For example, when people invite you to parties, really consider going instead of just brushing the invitation aside because you don't think they're serious.（例如，当人们邀请你参加聚会时，要考虑去，而不要因为你认为他们不是认真的而把邀请置之不理）”推知，空处陈述了一种你可能误解他人善意的情况。F项You might think that they hate you but they might be honestly trying to be nice to you. (你可能认为他们恨你，但他们可能真的想对你好)与后文中的例子相呼应，故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Do something together.（共同完成某事）”可知，本段的主要是与他人合作。D项内容 Co-operation is a great way to develop relationship with people and make friends. (一起做事是与人交往和交朋友的好方法)解释前文，cooperation与前文do…together并与下文work together前后呼应。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Scott Poore is an animal lover. He moves into the shelter kennel (犬舍) with the ____21____ of helping unwanted young dogs get adopted. Queen, a 3-year-old dog, has just gotten the most ____22____ roommate despite the narrow living room.
Since Poore is a(n) ____23____ visitor at the shelter, he is familiar with all of the ____24____. However, little Queen in particular has really ____25____ his heart. Poore says that he recently began to notice that Quen seemed to be “losing ____26____” in finding a forever home. “I have been visiting Queen every single day for over a year now and I can ____27____ see her giving up. She used to get so ____28____ when I would arrive and now she just lies in her bed.”
So to raise awareness of Queen’s situation. Poore packed a suitcase and moved into the dog’s kennel to keep it ____29____. Poore says it has been ____30____ managing his work while also living at the shelter but hie is ____31____ to stay in the kennel until someone adopts Queen. Since he ____32____ the kennel earlier this week, he and his new puppy roommate have been ____33____ the headlines of dozens of national news stories, although no possible ____34____ have stepped forward.
Delightfully, this dog has eventually been given a loving home after his path ____35____ with that of a woman living on the other side of the country.
21. A. registration B. intention C. exception D. addiction
22. A. organized B. devoted C. talented D. experienced
23. A. patient B. confident C. adorable D. regular
24. A. survivor B. partners C. animals D. kennels
25. A. broken B. lost C. understood D. stolen
26. A. hope B. freedom C. happiness D. energy
27. A. obviously B. adventurously C. curiously D. accidentally
28. A. annoyed B. amazed C. excited D. disappointed
29. A. organization B. company C. campus D. experiment
30. A. content B. significant C. impressive D. challenging
31. A. inspired B. determined C. honored D. satisfied
32. A. settled into B. cleaned up C. cared for D. met with
33. A. debating B. hearing C. encouraging D. hitting
34. A. visitors B. adopters C. customers D. volunteers
35. A. made B. revised C. crossed D. explored
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。Scott Poore是一个动物爱好者。他搬进了收容所的狗舍,目的是帮助那些没人要的小狗被收养。文章讲述了他为Queen最终找到一个充满爱的家庭的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他搬进了收容所的狗舍，目的是帮助那些没人要的小狗被收养。A. registration注册；B. intention目的；C. exception例外；D. addiction瘾。由“moves into the shelter kennel”和“helping unwanted young dogs get adopted”可知，他搬进了收容所的狗舍，目的是帮助那些没人要的小狗被收养，因此空格处是 “目的”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Queen是一只3岁的狗，尽管客厅狭小，但它还是成为了最忠实的室友。A. organized有组织的；B. devoted忠诚的；C. talented有才能的；D. experienced有经验的。根据“a 3-year-old dog”及常识可知，狗一般被认为是忠诚的朋友。故选B。
【23题详解】
查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于Poore是动物收容所的常客，他对所有的动物都很熟悉。A. patient耐心的；B.confident自信的；C.adorable可爱的；D. regular定期的，有规律的。根据后面的“every single day for over a year now”可知，Poore是这家动物收容所的常客，a regular visitor “一名常客”。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于Poore是动物收容所的常客，他对所有的动物都很熟悉。A. survivor幸存者；B. partners搭档；C. animals动物；D. kennels狗屋。根据后面的“every single day for over a year now”可知，Poore是这家动物收容所的常客，因此对所有的动物都很熟悉。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Queen真的博得了他的欢心。A. broken折断，打碎；B. lost丢失；C. understood明白，理解；D. stolen偷。由后面的“he recently began to notice that”可知，Queen却特别让Poore上心。 steal sb' s heart“博得某人的欢心”，在这里表示Poore喜欢Queen。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Poore说，他最近开始注意到，Queen似乎对找到一个永远的家“失去了希望”。A. hope希望；B. freedom自由；C. happiness幸福；D. energy能量。由下文的“see her giving up”可知，他开始注意到Queen似乎对找到一个永远的家“失去了希望”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一年多来，我每天都去看望Queen，显然我看到它放弃了。A. obviously明显地；B. adventurously冒险地；C. curiously好奇地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据后面的“She used to get so ____8____ when I would arrive and now she just lies in her bed”可知，他很明显地看到它放弃了，因为它只是躺在床上。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：以前它一看到我来就很兴奋，现在它只是躺在床上。A. annoyed生气的；B. amazed惊讶的；C.excited兴奋的；D. disappointed感到失望的。根据“when I would arrive”以及上文可知，他们是好朋友，它看到我“感到兴奋”。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Poore收拾了一个手提箱，搬到狗窝里陪伴它。A. organization组织；B. company陪伴；C. campus校园；D. experiment实验。由“moved into the dog’s kennel to keep it”可知，Poore收拾了一个手提箱，搬到狗窝里陪伴它。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Poore说，在收容中心生活的同时管理自己的工作很有挑战性，但他决定留在狗舍，直到有人收养Queen。A. content满足的；B. significant有意义的；C. impressive给人印象深刻的；D. challenging有挑战性的。由“managing his work while also living at the shelter”可知，Poore在收容中心生活的同时还要管理自己的工作，这是很有挑战性的。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Poore说，在收容中心生活的同时管理自己的工作很有挑战性，但他决定留在狗舍，直到有人收养Queen。A. inspired能力卓越的；B. determined坚决的；C. honored感到荣幸的；D. satisfied感到满意的。由“until someone adopts Queen”可知，他下定决心要留在狗舍，直到有人收养Queen，因此空格处是 “坚决的”。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：自从他在本周早些时候入住狗舍以来，他和他的新室友已经登上了几十条全国新闻的头条，尽管还没有人愿意收养它。A. settled into迁入，住进；B. cleaned up清除；C. cared for关心，喜爱；D. met with遭遇。由前面的“moved into the dog’s kennel”可知，他是入住狗舍，因此空格处是 “住进”。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从他在本周早些时候入住狗舍以来，他和他的新室友已经登上了几十条全国新闻的头条，尽管还没有人愿意收养它。A. debating辩论；B. hearing听见；C. encouraging鼓舞；D. hitting击打。由“the headlines of dozens of national news stories”可知，他和他的新室友已经登上了几十条全国新闻的头条，hit the headlines意为“成为新闻头条”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从他在本周早些时候入住狗舍以来，他和他的新室友已经登上了几十条全国新闻的头条，尽管还没有人愿意收养它。A. visitors参观者；B. adopters收养人；C. customers顾客；D. volunteers志愿者。根据although引导让步状语从句和语境可知，此处谈及没有收养者。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人高兴的是，这只狗最终被赋予了一个充满爱的家，在它的道路上遇到了一个住在这个国家的另一边的女人。A. made制作；B. revised修改；C. crossed交叉；D. explored探索。由“this dog has eventually been given a loving home”可知，这只狗最终被收养了，它遇到了一个女人，因此是她们的道路交叉。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分)
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges. Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers and extra-curricular activities ____36____ (prefer) by others, such as organizing debates, studying literature, dancing ballet and cleaning up the greenhouses. But more people sign up for advanced courses out of ____37____ (curious). Actually, some teenagers feel confused in their youth, and their behaviors are sometimes confusing. They think there is a generation gap between ____38____ (they) and adults, so experts are trying to find a suitable solution.
Johnson, ____39____ outgoing freshman, is so attracted to Chinese literature that he ____40____ (quit) his studies in Chicago and come to China. Obviously, with the help of his teacher, his Chinese has improved greatly and he can speak fluent Chinese ____41____ campus now. As ____42____ (schedule), he will graduate next year. ____43____ he is concentrating on is the ancient Chinese Literature and he is fascinated with Tang poetry. The topic of his research content is “the differences between Eastern and Western literature”. An editor that acts ____44____ (responsible) has recommended him _____45_____ (read) some classical Chinese literature first. The recommendation means a lot to him.
【答案】36. are preferred
37. curiosity
38. themselves
39. an 40. has quit
41. on 42. scheduled
43. What 44. responsibly
45. to read
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章以约翰逊为例讲述了一些青少年所面临的机遇与挑战。
【36题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：一些青少年喜欢做志愿工作，而另一些人则喜欢课外活动，比如组织辩论、学习文学、跳芭蕾舞和打扫温室。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，主语与动词之间为被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态；此处描述的是一件事实，因此需要使用一般现在时，主语为复数。故填are preferred。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：但更多的人是出于好奇而报名参加高级课程的。空格前为介词，因此需要填入名词，curious的名词为curiosity，不可数。故填curiosity。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：他们认为他们和成年人之间有代沟，所以专家们正在试图找到一个合适的解决办法。分析句子结构可知此处需要填入代词，结合句意宾语和主语所指相同，因此宾语需要使用反身代词。故填themselves。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：约翰逊是一名性格开朗的大一新生，他对中国文学非常感兴趣，以至于放弃了在芝加哥的学业来到中国。分析句子结构可知此处位于可数名词freshman前，因此需要填入不定冠词，且outgoing发音为元音音素开头。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：约翰逊是一名性格开朗的大一新生，他对中国文学非常感兴趣，以至于放弃了在芝加哥的学业来到中国。根据后句“他来到中国”可知，他已将放弃了在芝加哥的学业，表示过去动作对现在的影响，需要使用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has quit。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：显然，在老师的帮助下，他的中文有了很大的进步，现在他可以在校园里说流利的中文了。此处表示在“校园里”固定短语为on campus，故填on。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：按计划，他将于明年毕业。根据句意可知，此处表示“按照计划，他明年会毕业”；as scheduled按照计划，为固定短语。故填scheduled。
【43题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：他所专注的是中国古代文学，他对唐诗着迷。分析句子结构可知，此处是主语从句，从句中缺少介词on的宾语；空格处描述事情，因此用what。故填What。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：一位负责任的编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词，因此需要使用副词。故填responsibly。
【45题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：一位负责任的编辑建议他先读一些中国古典文学。此处位于动词recommend之后，做宾补。推荐某人做某事，为recommend sb to do sth.。故填to read。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，现在有机会去国外做交换生一年，但你对留学生活有很多困惑。请你写信给好友John，询问相关事宜。内容包括：
1. 说明写信目的；
2 询问相关事宜（如住宿，学习氛围，社交活动等）；
3. 表达心情。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Dear John,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
I’ve got a chance to be an exchange student to study abroad for one year. But I am puzzled about the life in a different country. Can you help me with the following puzzles?
Firstly, what I am concerned about is the academic requirements there. Are the teachers strict with students? Moreover, where do you suggest me living? In addition, I wonder whether there are any social activities for exchange students. To be honest, I am eager to learn about cultures of different countries through various activities.
I feel delighted but anxious now. I’d appreciate it if you could help me.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生写信给好友John，询问对留学生活的相关事宜。
【详解】1.词汇积累
困惑的：puzzled→confused
担心：be concerned about→be worried about
此外：in addition→what’s more
高兴的：delighted→happy
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’ve got a chance to be an exchange student to study abroad for one year. But I am puzzled about the life in a different country.
拓展句：Although I’ve got a chance to be an exchange student to study abroad for one year, I am puzzled about the life in a different country.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Firstly, what I am concerned about is the academic requirements there.（what引导主语从句）
[高分句型2]
In addition, I wonder whether there are any social activities for exchange students.（whether引导宾语从句）
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
There Are No Vans
To me, what Thanksgiving really means is giving good thanks, not eating turkey. By the time I was 18 I had created my Thanksgiving ritual (惯例). I would go out shopping and buy enough food for one or two families. Then I would dress like a delivery boy, go to the poorest neighborhood and just knock on a door, and would always include a note saying “All that I ask in return is that you take good enough care of yourself so that someday you can do the same thing for someone else.” I have received more from this annual ritual than I have from any amount of money I’ve ever earned, especially one such experience in New York City.
Several years ago I was in New York City with my newly married wife during Thanksgiving. She was sad because we were not with our family. Normally she would be home decorating the house for Christmas, but we were stuck here in a hotel room. I said, “Honey, look, why don’t we decorate some lives today instead of some trees?” When I told her what I always do on Thanksgiving, she got excited. I said, “Let’s go someplace where we can really appreciate who we are, what we are able to do and what we can really give. Let’s go to the poor neighborhood Harlem and feed some people there in need. We’ll go buy enough food for six or seven families for 30 days. We’ve got enough. Let’s go do it!”
We started by getting a van (货车), but there seemed no vans in all of New York
City. The rent-a-car places were all out of vans. My wife was disappointed, and I said, “Look, the bottom line is that if we want something, we can make it happen! All we have to do is take action. There are plenty of vans here in New York City. Look down at the street. Do you see all those vans? Let’s go get one!” My wife agreed and we took action.
Para1：
We tried stopping vans as they were driving down the street.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2:
Eventually a van drove up and the driver said yes.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Para1：
We tried stopping vans as they were driving down the street. I learned something about New York drivers that day: They don’t stop; they speed up. Then we tried waiting by the light. We’d go over, knock on the window and the driver would roll it down, looking at us in alarm, and I’d ask if he would drive us to Harlem so we could help some people. Every time the driver would look away quickly, furiously roll up the window and pull away without saying anything. My wife was ready to give up, but I said, “It’s the law of averages: somebody is going to say yes.”
Para 2:
Eventually a van drove up and the driver said yes. We were wild with joy and climbed onto the van. Upon arrival, he led us to a store where we bought lots of food and some baskets. Together we packed them up, carried them onto the van and went to buildings where there were even people living without electricity. It was a truly fulfilling experience to make even a small difference. You see, you can make anything happen if you commit to it and take action. Miracles like this happen every day— even in a city where “there are no vans.”
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，上文提到了作者每当感恩节时，就会出去购物，为一两个家庭买足够的食物，然后穿得像一个送报员，去最贫穷的社区敲门，还总是附上一张纸条。然而几年前，作者和新婚的妻子在纽约过感恩节时，被困在了酒店，妻子提议去贫穷的哈莱姆区，给那里一些需要帮助的人提供食物。但是他们发现似乎整个纽约都弄不到一辆货车，妻子很失望，但是提议去下面的街道上拦一辆货车。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：我们试着拦住沿街行驶的货车。所以后文应该是讲述作者和妻子在路边拦货车的经过，他们被许多司机拒绝了；第二段开头是：最后一辆货车开了过来，司机答应了。本段应该写作者和妻子如何拦到了车，去买了许多东西送给穷人，作者认为这是一个真正令人满意的经历，即使是一个小的改变。这样的奇迹每天都在发生——即使是在一个“没有货车”的城市。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：speed up，furiously，roll up the window，be ready to，pack up, make even a small difference等高级词汇；We’d go over, knock on the window and the driver would roll it down, looking at us in alarm, and I’d ask if he would drive us to Harlem so we could help some people.宾语从句；Together we packed them up, carried them onto the van and went to buildings where there were even people living without electricity.定语从句等高级句式。
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