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2021-2022学年重庆市第八中学校高一下学期期末英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2021-2022学年重庆市第八中学校高一下学期期末英语试题（解析版），共25页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
重庆八中2021-2022学年高一(下)期末
英语试题
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the man reading?
A. A magazine. B. A newspaper. C. A novel.
2.What does the man mean?
A. Any kind of books can be borrowed.
B. The reference books arenˈt available.
C. The reference books canˈt be borrowed.
3.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a supermarket. B. At a restaurant. C. At a theater.
4.Who will hand in the report?
A. Neither. B. The man. C. The woman.
5.Why didnˈt the man finish his science homework?
A. He didnˈt have enough time.
B. He forgot it completely.
C. He found it difficult.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6.What is wrong with the shower?
A. It has no hot water.
B. It canˈt be tuned off completely.
C. It canˈt be turned on at all.
7.What is the man good at repairing?
A. Washers. B. Shower heads. C. TVs.
听下面一段对话，回答下列小题。
8.When did the man get a reply to his application?
A. Last month. B. This Friday. C. Last week.
9.Why is the man going to Paris?
A. To work. B. To study. C. To travel.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
10.Whatˈs the womanˈs attitude towards her trying?
A. Confident. B. Disappointed. C. Interested.
11.Which of the following has been tried?
A. Doing exercise. B. Writing books. C. Going on diets.
12.What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Improve her health.
B. Keep her lifestyle.
C. Save her energy.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
13.Who is Julie?
A. The womanˈs colleague.
B. The womanˈs schoolmate.
C. The womanˈs relative.
14.Why didnˈt the woman want to do magic tricks at the party?
A. She didnˈt bring what she needed.
B. She didnˈt know how to do it at all.
C. She hasnˈt practised it for a long time.
15.How did the woman feel at the party?
A. Embarrassed. B. Tired. C. Excited.
16.What does the woman plan to do?
A. Practice magic tricks at times.
B. Avoid meeting Julie again.
C. Give up playing magic tricks.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17.What is the text mainly about?
A. A trip to the future.
B. A journey back in time.
C. A space voyage.
18.In which year can the listeners see the first person in space?
A. In 1961. B. In 1880. C. In 1903.
19.What can the listeners see on the screens in the year 1450?
A. The first sailing ship.
B. The first books.
C. The first electric light bulb.
20.What will the listeners do next?
A. Enjoy the first plane flight.
B. See the first Olympic Games.
C. Visit the people 4000 years ago.
第二部分 单项选择(共 10 题，满分 10 分)
1. We had to pack everything up in advance that night because the train ______ at 5 the next morning.
A. will leave B. was leaving
C. was about to leave D. left
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们那天晚上必须提前打包好所有的东西，因为火车第二天早上五点开。结合前句had to pack的一般过去时态可知，空处表示过去的第二天，即过去将来，排除A、D项；C项be about to意为“马上”，不符合句意；B项was leaving为be doing表将来，符合时态和句意。故选B项。
2. I sincerely requested that I ______ of the latest situation.
A. informed B. was informed C. be informed D. inform
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我真诚地请求告知我最新的情况。requested等表示建议、命令、要求的词后接宾语从句，从句中常用should + do的形式，且should可以省略；结合句意，主语I和动词inform为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态be done的形式，故空处应填(should) be informed。故选C项。
3. Unless ______ to, you must not come into my office.
A. permitted B. are permitted
C. being permitted D. permitting
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查省略句。句意：除非允许了，不然你就不能进我的办公室。在状语从句的省略中，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句谓语有带be动词的结构时，从句可以省略主语+be动词的形式；从句中主语为you，与下文一致，且主语和动词permit为动宾结构，故需要用被动语态，还原从句为Unless you are permitted，省略you are。故选A项。
4. He must come from China, ______ from his accent.
A. having judged B. judged C. to judge D. judging
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从他的口音判断，他一定来自中国。空前有谓语动词must come from，故空处需要填非谓语的形式；固定短语judging from意为“根据某事判断”，需要用现在分词的形式，为固定用法。故选D项。
5. All the groceries ______, John left the store immediately, rushing to his car.
A. to buy B. were bought C. bought D. to be bought
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：所有的杂货买完了，约翰立即离开商店，急冲冲地走向他的车。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词left，所以buy应该用非谓语形式，逻辑主语是groceries与buy是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。为独立主格结构。故选C项。
6. When I woke up that night, I found myself ______ on the ground.
A lie B. be lying C. was lying D. lying
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：那天晚上我醒来时，发现自己躺在地上。find sb. doing sth.固定搭配，意为“发现某人正在做某事”，此处应用现在分词作宾语补足语，故选D。
7. He has advanced many theories, none of ______ has been proved.
A. which B. that C. them D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，故需要用关系代词代指前文的事物many theories。故选A项。
8. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program, ______ purpose is to relieve worldwide hunger.
A. whose B. which C. that D. its
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的是减缓解全世界的饥饿状况。句中先行词为 the World Food Program，在非限定性定语从句中作名词purpose的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选A。
9. It was not until 9 o’clock ______ I finally got on the bus.
A. when B. that C. did D. do
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到9点钟我才终于上了公共汽车。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句：it is +强调部分+that…。故选B项。
10. Never ______ for school this term so far.
A. I am late B. am I late
C. have I been late D. I have been late
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和倒装结构。句意：到目前为止，我这学期上学从未迟到过。根据时间状语so far可知，用现在完成时。否定词Never位于句首，主句用部分倒装结构。故选C。
第三部分 阅读理解(共 20 小题，满分 50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In this list, you can find some of the best parks in London.
Chiswick Gardens
Chiswick Gardens arguably inspired England’s most influential cultural export, second perhaps to the Beatles. In the 1720s, architect and designer William Kent experimented at Chiswick, inventing what became known as the English landscape garden. He made the garden less formal, introducing a far more natural feel – sweeping grassland and lakes, classical temples and monuments. The style soon became the model for public parks across the globe. And it all started here.
Website: chiswickhouseandgardens. org. uk
Opening times: open daily, 7 a.m. — dusk
Osterley Park
The essential dignity of this old country estate does not seem to be affected by the modern world. The stillness of its lake is occasionally broken by a line of passing swans. A cycle-friendly trail circles the park, perfect for children (bike hire available) – and if you don’t mind paying, the beautiful gardens are a must.
Website: nationaltrust. org. uk
Opening times: open daily, 7 a.m.—7: 30 p.m.
Richmond Park
Deer have been wandering around this rare grassland habitat since at least 1637, when Charles I enclosed it. It’s London’s largest nature reserve. Away from the roads and cycle tracks, few places in London feel so open and wild. The landscape isn’t all left to the deer: the Isabella Plantation is a sizeable woodland garden full of flowers that look their best in mid-spring.
Website: royalparks.org. uk
Opening times: open 24 hours, except Nov and Feb
Victoria Park
Regular winner of the nation’s most popular park awards, this park continues to attract new generations to its enormous band of devoted fans. The park is simply amazing for young people. A playground features the best slides in town and a host of other original swinging and climbing equipment. Meanwhile, older kids get top-grade music festivals, a mouth-watering Sunday market and an excellent cafe in each of its two parts. And that’s without mentioning the lakes, gardens and everything else!
Website: towerhamlets .gov. uk
Opening times: open daily, 7 a.m. — dusk
11. What is special about Chiswick Gardens?
A. It is England’s most influential building. B. It was loved by the famous band the Beatles.
C. Its natural style was a model for public parks. D. It has a history of nearly four hundred years.
12. What can visitors see if they go to Richmond Park?
A. Classical temples and monuments. B. Deer on grassland and beautiful flowers.
C. A playground with the best slides in town. D. Busy roads and cycle tracks circling the park.
13. Which park will you choose if you want to enjoy a music festival?
A. Chiswick Gardens. B. Osterley Park. C. Richmond Park. D. Victoria Park.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个伦敦最好的公园的情况。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chiswick Gardens部分中“He made the garden less formal, introducing a far more natural feel – sweeping grassland and lakes, classical temples and monuments. The style soon became the model for public parks across the globe. And it all started here.(他让花园变得不那么正式，引入了一种更加自然的感觉——大片的草地和湖泊，古典的庙宇和纪念碑。这种风格很快成为全球公园的典范。一切都从这里开始)”可知，奇斯威克花园的特别之处是它的自然风格是公园的典范。故选C。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据Richmond Park部分中“Deer have been wandering around this rare grassland habitat since at least 1637, when Charles I enclosed it. It’s London’s largest nature reserve. Away from the roads and cycle tracks, few places in London feel so open and wild. The landscape isn’t all left to the deer: the Isabella Plantation is a sizeable woodland garden full of flowers that look their best in mid-spring.(至少从1637年查理一世将这片罕见的草原栖息地围起来开始，鹿就一直在这里游荡。它是伦敦最大的自然保护区。除了公路和自行车道，伦敦很少有地方能像这里一样开阔和狂野。 这里的风景并不是全留给了鹿群：伊莎贝拉种植园是一个相当大的林地花园，鲜花盛开，在仲春时节最美)”可知，游客去里士满公园能看到草原上的鹿和美丽的花朵。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据Victoria Park部分中“Meanwhile, older kids get top-grade music festivals, a mouth-watering Sunday market and an excellent cafe in each of its two parts.(与此同时，年龄稍大一些的孩子可以享受顶级的音乐节，一个令人垂涎的周日市场和一个很棒的咖啡馆)”可知，如果你想参加音乐节，你会选择维多利亚公园。故选D。
B
Everybody may have that one neighbor, who just looks out of the window, looking angry at everyone and everything that crosses the path. And though we think we know what’s going on in is head, we could be wrong.
There is such a person in our community. First you see this bad-tempered old man looking out of his window, taking in everything that is happening on his block. He looks annoyed by just everything. But his heart is solid gold. When he saw one neighbor shouting angrily at her son after he broke her coffee maker, this ill-tempered old man went and bought her a new one.
But he didn’t want her to know so, instead he made it look like he was just throwing it away. And that one secret good deed was just the tip of the iceberg. When he saw another neighbor with a crying baby because of the heat, he got a fan, took it to his room and made it look like it had been sitting for forever. He thought he was being strange and no one would know all the kindness he had shared. But a boy next door knew this ill-tempered neighbor’s secrets. He carefully drew a picture of the old man dressed as Santa and put it on the wall.
So when Christmas came, this little boy had a surprise for the block’s secret Santa. This precious poster is such an important reminder that the holiday season is about giving out of love, even if no one knows. How sweet this is!
14. What impression does the old man leave on his neighbors?
A Warmhearted. B. Easy-going.
C. Dangerous. D. Unfriendly.
15. Why did the old man pretend to throw away his coffee maker?
A. To help a mother and her son. B. To show off his wealthy life.
C. To get rid of a useless thing. D. To create a peaceful neighborhood.
16. What do we know about the bad-tempered old man?
A. He wanted to scare his neighbors.
B. He did many good deeds secretly.
C. He told his secrets to the little boy.
D. He was really angry with all his neighbors.
17. Why did the little boy draw the old man as a Santa?
A. To blame the neighbours.
B. To play a trick on the old man.
C. To show the old man’s kindness.
D. To make the old man embarrassed.
【答案】14. D 15. A 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。一位老人总是看着窗外，生气地看着每一个人和每件路过的东西。但他却有一颗金子般的心，暗地里做了很多好事。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中Everybody may have that one neighbor, who just looks out of the window, looking angry at everyone and everything that crosses the path.可知，每个人都可能有这样一个邻居，他只是看着窗外，生气地看着每一个人和每一件穿过小路的东西。由此可知，这位老人只是看着窗外，生气地看着每一个人和每一件东西，因此给邻居们留下不友好的印象。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中When he saw one neighbor shouting angrily at her son after he broke her coffee maker, this ill-tempered old man went and bought her a new one.(当他看到一个邻居因为儿子打破了她的咖啡壶而生气地对她大喊大叫时，这个脾气暴躁的老人就去给她买了一个新的)和第三段的第一句But he didn’t want her to know so, instead he made it look like he was just throwing it away.(但他不想让她知道，相反，他让她觉得他只是把它扔了)可知，老人假装扔掉他的咖啡壶，是为了帮助这对母子。因为儿子打碎了咖啡壶，母亲冲他大喊大叫。故选A。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句And that one secret good deed was just the tip of the iceberg.可知，那件秘密的好事只是冰山一角。由此可知，这位老人偷偷地做了很多好事。故选B。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句But a boy next door knew this ill-tempered neighbor’s secrets. He carefully drew a picture of the old man dressed as Santa and put it on the wall.可知，但是隔壁的一个男孩知道这个坏脾气的邻居的秘密。他小心翼翼地画了一幅老人装扮成圣诞老人的画像，并把它挂在了墙上。由此可知，圣诞老人是秘密做好事的，画这幅画是为了表示老人的善良。故选C。
C
Tell People can experience loneliness for many reasons and many life events may cause it, like the lack of friendship relations during childhood and adolescence, or the physical absence of meaningful people around a person. At the same time, loneliness may be a symptom of another social or psychological problem, such as chronic depression.
Many people experience loneliness for the first time when they are left alone as infants. It is also a very common, though normally temporary, consequence of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, it may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the withdrawal from social circles caused by the event or the associated sadness.
The loss of a significant person in one’s life will typically start a sadness response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others. Loneliness may also occur after the birth of a child, after marriage, or following any other socially disruptive event, such as moving from one’s home town into an unfamiliar community leading to homesickness. Loneliness can occur within unstable marriages or other close relationships in a similar nature, in which feelings present may include anger or bitterness, or in which the feeling of love cannot be given or received.
Loneliness may represent a dysfunction of communication, and can also result from places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to interact with. Sometimes, loneliness is capable of spreading like a disease. When one person in a group begins to feel lonely, this feeling can spread to others, increasing everybody’s risk for feelings of loneliness. People can feel lonely when they’re surrounded by other lonely people.
18. What is the text mainly about?
A The influence of a specific person in life. B. The harm caused by loneliness.
C. The reasons for loneliness. D. The importance of mental health.
19. Which of the following may not cause loneliness?
A. The regular attendance at social events. B. The physical absence of meaningful people.
C. The breakup of a marriage. D. The lack of friendship relations.
20. The underlined phrase “disruptive event” in paragraph 3 refer to things that ______.
A. bring to a family extra unexpected financial burdens
B. prevent one’s life from continuing in a normal way
C. make people too excited to control their feelings
D. replace the feeling of love with anger and bitterness
21. What can we learn about loneliness from the last paragraph?
A. Loneliness can have a certain social effect.
B. Loneliness won’t occur in crowded places.
C. Loneliness is a disease spreading among people.
D. Loneliness can be the result of losing important relation.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B 21. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们感到孤独的原因以及孤独对人的影响。
【18题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Tell People can experience loneliness for many reasons and many life events may cause it, like the lack of friendship relations during childhood and adolescence, or the physical absence of meaningful people around a person.(人们感到孤独的原因有很多，生活中的许多事件可能会导致孤独，比如童年和青少年时期缺乏友谊关系，或者一个人身边缺少有意义的人)”结合文章主要说明了人们感到孤独的原因以及孤独对人的影响。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是孤独的原因。故选C。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In these cases, it may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the withdrawal from social circles caused by the event or the associated sadness.(在这些情况下，它可能是由于失去了一个特定的人，也可能是由于事件或相关的悲伤导致的社交圈的退出)”可知，经常参加社交活动不会导致孤独。故选A。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据画线词上文“Loneliness may also occur after the birth of a child, after marriage, or following any other socially”以及后文“such as moving from one’s home town into an unfamiliar community leading to homesickness”可推知，从家乡搬到一个不熟悉的社区，导致乡愁，说明了孤独也可能发生在孩子出生后，结婚后，或在任何其他社会破坏性事件之后，阻止某人的生活以正常的方式继续生活，画线词指的是“阻止某人的生活以正常的方式继续”。故选B。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Loneliness may represent a dysfunction of communication, and can also result from places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to interact with. Sometimes, loneliness is capable of spreading like a disease. When one person in a group begins to feel lonely, this feeling can spread to others, increasing everybody’s risk for feelings of loneliness. People can feel lonely when they’re surrounded by other lonely people.(孤独可能代表着沟通障碍，也可能来自人口密度较低的地方，那里有相对较少的人可以互动。有时候，孤独会像疾病一样蔓延。当群体中的一个人开始感到孤独时，这种感觉会蔓延到其他人，增加每个人感到孤独的风险。当周围都是孤独的人时，人们会感到孤独)”可知，孤独可以产生一定的社会影响。故选A。
D
Studies with financial ties to the sugar-sweetened beverage (drinks) industry are much less likely than independent studies to find a link between sipping sugary drinks and developing obesity or diabetes, according to an Annals of Internal Medicine Report published Monday.
Researchers reviewed 60 studies published between January 2001 and July 2016 that investigated consuming drinks with added sugar and these diseases. They also identified whether the reports were independently funded, or if they were backed by—or the authors had financial conflicts with—the sugar-sweetened beverage industry.
Every one of the 26 studies that found no connection between sugary drinks and diabetes or obesity were industry-funded. But of the 34 studies that did find a connection between sugar and illness, only one had ties to sugar-sweetened beverages.
“This industry seems to be manipulating contemporary scientific processes to create controversy and advance their business interests at the expense of the public’s health,” concluded the report.
The latest report comes a month after a JAMA Internal Medicine investigation found that the Sugar Research Foundation paid three Harvard scientists about $50,000 in the 1960s to publish research that blamed fat and cholesterol(胆固醇) for causing heart disease, and downplayed the role of sweeteners.
Dr. Mark Hyman, director of the Cleveland Clinic Center for Functional Medicine has long been skeptical about the sweet stuff.
“The sugar industry and soda companies are following the same playbook as the tobacco industry did trying to defend tobacco,” he told the News. “They destroy the science by financing scientists who are actually pushing their agenda and designing flawed trials that show there’s no harm. They sway public opinion, and they lobby politicians.”
He advised consumers confused about what research to believe to “follow the money.” “If a bunch of Harvard scientists say one thing, and Coca-Cola says another thing, you should wonder about who the messenger is, and where the money to fund the study is coming from,” he said.
22. What does the Annals of Internal Medicine Report mainly focus on?
A. The sugar industry’s influence on scientific studies.
B. The connection between sugary drinks and illnesses.
C. The real reason to blame for causing heart disease.
D. The financial support for science from the sugar industry.
23. Which is a factor the researchers took into consideration when reviewing the studies published?
A. Their total number. B. Their value to science.
C. Their financial source. D. Their social influence.
24. Why did the Sugar Research Foundation pay three Harvard scientists about $50000 in the 1960s?
A. To support the development of science.
B. To compare with the tobacco industry.
C. To influence certain scientific results.
D. To promote the public’s health conditions.
25. How to understand Dr. Mark Hyman’s “follow the money” principle?
A. People who pay for products should know where their money go.
B. Consumers have to pay for the real results of scientific researches.
C. More money should be paid to promote the public’s awareness of science.
D. The money to fund the study determines its reliability to some extent.
【答案】22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了研究报告的资金来源是如何影响报告结果的。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Studies with financial ties to the sugar-sweetened beverage (drinks) industry are much less likely than independent studies to find a link between sipping sugary drinks and developing obesity or diabetes, according to an Annals of Internal Medicine Report published Monday.(周一发表的《内科医学年报》报告称，与独立研究相比，与含糖饮料行业有经济关系的研究发现喝含糖饮料与肥胖或糖尿病之间存在联系的可能性要小得多。)”可知，独立研究更容易报道喝含糖饮料与肥胖或糖尿病之间存在关系，故《内科医学年报》主要关注了制糖业对科学研究结果的影响。故选A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They also identified whether the reports were independently funded, or if they were backed by—or the authors had financial conflicts with—the sugar-sweetened beverage industry.(他们还确定了这些报告是否得到了独立资助，或者是否得到了含糖饮料行业的支持，或者作者是否与该行业存在经济冲突。)”可知，研究人员在回顾研究时考虑了资金来源。故选C项。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The latest report comes a month after a JAMA Internal Medicine investigation found that the Sugar Research Foundation paid three Harvard scientists about $50,000 in the 1960s to publish research that blamed fat and cholesterol(胆固醇) for causing heart disease, and downplayed the role of sweeteners.(一个月前，《美国医学会内科杂志》的一项调查发现，糖研究基金会在20世纪60年代向三位哈佛科学家支付了约5万美元，让他们发表研究报告，指责脂肪和胆固醇导致心脏病，并淡化甜味剂的作用。)”可知，糖研究基金会向哈佛科学家付款五万美金是为了影响科学结果。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““If a bunch of Harvard scientists say one thing, and Coca-Cola says another thing, you should wonder about who the messenger is, and where the money to fund the study is coming from, he said.(他建议那些对研究结果感到困惑的消费者“跟着钱走”。他说:“如果一群哈佛科学家说一件事，可口可乐说另一件事，你应该想知道信使是谁，资助这项研究的资金从哪里来。”)”可知，马克博士认为，研究的资金来源会影响这项研究的结果，即资助这项研究的资金在某种程度上决定了它的可靠性。故选D项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship. ____26____ Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.
____27____ Sure, you and your friends probably have some similar interests, but that’s not always the case. In an effort to keep everyone happy, go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time. Have each person categorize activities or sights into “must see” “want to see” and “would go if we have time”. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.
Communicate and respect each other. Everyone has personal preference when travelling. But sometimes things don’t go as you like. In this case, share your requirements directly with your travelling companions. ____28____ Have a conversation when problems arise, for communication is the key.
Don’t disappear. When travelling with a group—or even just one other person—you may want to be alone sometimes. That’s completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you. ____29____
Get off your phone. Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone. ____30____ After all, the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it!
A. Include at least one activity for everyone.
B. Give each other some space.
C. At the same time, listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.
D. And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.
E. It’s especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.
F. So it’s important to make sure you and your friends are on the same page.
G. Don’t respond to non-urgent work contact or send messages frequently.
【答案】26. F 27. A 28. C 29. E 30. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和朋友一起旅行绝对是一种美妙的经历，你可以留下一生的回忆，但也可以毁掉你的友谊。就此作者给出了一些建议。
【26题详解】
上文“Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship.(和朋友一起旅行绝对是一种美妙的经历，你可能会留下一辈子的记忆，也可能会毁掉你们的友谊。)”提到，和朋友旅行有好有坏，是一把双刃剑；F项“所以确保你和你的朋友达成共识是很重要的。”与上文构成因果关系，符合文意。故选F项。
【27题详解】
下文“Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.(对照着安排计划，确保每个人都能看到他们最想看的景点。)”可知本段是在谈论制定旅行计划时要兼顾所有的人；A项“为每个人准备至少一项活动。”符合语境，话题一致。故选A项。
【28题详解】
本段的主题是“Communicate and respect each other.(互相沟通，互相尊重。)”。根据上文“In this case, share your requirements directly with your travel companions.(在这种情况下，直接与你的旅伴分享你的需求。)”可知，下文可能讨论尊重旅伴的需求。C项“同时，倾听他们的担忧，尊重他们。”符合语境，其中be respectful of呼应主题句中的respect。故选C项。
【29题详解】
上文“That’s completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.(这完全没问题，但要确保你的朋友知道你在哪里，有办法联系你。)”可知E项“在国外或不熟悉的地方旅行尤其如此。”符合语境，谈论的是在国外或不熟悉的地方旅游可能会发生的事情以及应该如何应对。故选E项。
【30题详解】
上文“Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone.(当然，如果你需要接家人的电话，或者工作上的紧急情况，你的朋友会理解的，但除此之外，尽量远离手机。)”可知，后文内容应与打电话或工作上的紧急情况相关；G项“不要回复非紧急的工作联系人或频繁发送信息。”和前文话题一致。故选G项。
第四部分 语言知识运用(共 15 小题，满分 15分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nine years ago, I moved to an absolutely new town. ____31____ as I was, with various new things to explore, I was still lonely. I was desperate to establish ____32____.
This could explain my enthusiastic “Count me in!” when ____33____ to participate in a half marathon. Considering my usual 3 miles, I must have been ____34____—13 miles seemed a(n) ____35____ task.
However, the initial ____36____ gradually faded away. I found comfort in burying myself in training. Though taking it slow, one mile, and then two, I gradually made ____37____. Mile after mile, I managed to step beside my new friends. We talked about our favorite music and ____38____ funny stories about our children. At about mile 10, the conversations ____39____. We shared our past and hopes for our future, our fears and regrets. By the time we were running 12-mile legs, it was ____40____ that I’d made lifelong friends.
____41____, the day of the race arrived. At the start line, armed with my friends, I already felt like a champion. My time training had ____42____. I managed to hold a steady pace and kept up with my ____43____. Finally, we crossed the finish line together.
Although it started as a ____44____ of building social ties, running not only provided me with friendship, but with a beneficial skill that would ____45____ me the rest of my life.
31. A. Excited B. Relaxed C. Embarrassed D. Confused
32. A. respect B. principles C. business D. connections
33. A. allowed B. reminded C. invited D. required
34. A. grateful B. confident C. crazy D. awkward
35 A. urgent B. impossible C. rewarding D. pleasant
36. A. delight B. anxiety C. shock D. disappointment
37. A. progress B. discoveries C. history D. mistakes
38. A. read B. spread C. exchanged D. composed
39. A. concluded B. deepened C. returned D. decreased
40. A. hopeful B. regretful C. undoubted D. unexpected
41. A. Unfortunately B. Obviously C. Naturally D. Eventually
42. A. paid off B. run out C. come D. flown
43. A. partners B. trainers C. coaches D. judges
44. A. risk B. habit C. right D. means
45. A. amaze B. comfort C. guard D. assist
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C 41. D 42. A 43. A 44. D 45. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在结婚七年后来到一个新城镇生活，为了结识新朋友参加了半程马拉松比赛，在刻苦训练的过程中作者确实结交了一些好朋友，最终大家并肩完成了比赛。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有着许许多多的新鲜事物可以探索，我感到很兴奋。A. Excited兴奋的；B. Relaxed放松的；C. Embarrassed尴尬的；D. Confused困惑的。作者来到新环境中，从后句的描述“with various new things to explore(有着许许多多的新鲜事物可以探索)”中可以推断心情是比较兴奋激动的。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我渴望与他人建立联系。A. respect尊重；B. principles原则；C. business生意；D. connections联系。作者来到了新环境中，上句提到“I was still lonely(我仍然很孤独)”可以推断是很想认识新朋友、建立联系的。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就能解释当有人来邀请我参加半程马拉松时我热情回应的“算我一个”了。A. allowed允许；B. reminded使想起；C. invited邀请；D. required要求。分析句子可知，此处省略了主语“I”，指我被询问、被邀请是否参加半马比赛。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我平常跑的3英里，我肯定是疯了——13英里似乎是不可能的任务。A. grateful感激的；B. confident自信的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. awkward尴尬的。作者平常跑的路程和半马的路程差距是比较大的，所以这里作者应该会觉得自己的选择是很疯狂的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我平常跑的3英里，我肯定是疯了——13英里似乎是不可能的任务。A. urgent迫切的；B. impossible不可能的；C. rewarding有回报的；D. pleasant愉快的。作者平常跑的路程和半马的路程差距是比较大的，所以这对作者来说应该是很难做到、不太可能的。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，开始的不安逐渐减少了。A. delight愉悦；B. anxiety不安；C. shock震惊；D. disappointment失望。此处是However开头表示句意上的转折，且后句也提到“I found comfort in burying myself in training”，即作者在刻苦训练中找到了慰藉，焦虑不安的情绪应该是逐渐消失了。应该故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管进步缓慢，一英里，然后两英里，我逐渐取得了进步。A. progress进步，发展；B. discoveries发现；C. history历史；D. mistakes错误。联系上下文，这里描写的是作者通过训练逐渐取得进步、越跑越远的过程。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们谈论最喜欢的音乐，交流有关孩子们的趣事。A. read阅读；B. spread传播；C. exchanged交换；D. composed构成，写作。根据“ We talked about our favorite music”可知，作者在跑步期间结识了新朋友，这里描写的是朋友间的互相交流，自家孩子的趣事应该是拿出来分享、交流的。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大约10英里的地方，对话进一步深入了。A. concluded推断；B. deepened深化；C. returned返回；D. decreased减少。由下一句所述的“We shared our past and hopes for our future, our fears and regrets.(我们分享了过去和未来，恐惧和后悔)”可知，随着聊天的继续，探讨的内容也更有深度了。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到我们跑完12英里时，我确信自己已经交到一辈子的朋友了。A. hopeful有希望的；B. regretful后悔的；C. undoubted确实的；D. unexpected意外的。前两句的句意层层递进，随着跑步距离的增加、对话的深入，作者和朋友们的了解也愈加深入，这里应该表示作者已经认定、确信交到至交好友了。故选C。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于比赛的日子到了。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Eventually最终。根据“ the day of the race arrived. ”可知，该段描写的是比赛当天的情况，此处应使用eventually表示“比赛日终于到来”。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的时间训练取得了成效，我的步伐很稳健，跟上了我的朋友们。A. paid off付清，见成效；B. run out用尽；C. come来；D. flown飞行。从空白后句的内容“I managed to hold a steady pace and kept up with my _____. Finally, we crossed the finish line together.”来看，作者的表现是很不错的，这说明她的训练有成效了。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的时间训练取得了成效，我的步伐很稳健，跟上了我的同伴们。A. partners同伴；B. trainers训练员；C. coaches教练；D. judges裁判。本段中前后分别提到“At the start line, armed with my friends”和“Finally, we crossed the finish line together”，即作者和朋友们肩并肩出发，也是一起抵达终点的，说明过程中作者是始终跟上同伴们的。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然一开始这只是建立社交联系的一种方法，但跑步不只给我带来了友谊，也赋予我一种使自己受益终身的技能。A. risk风险；B. habit习惯；C. right权力；D. means途径。联系前文，一开始作者就是带着认识朋友的目的选择参加比赛的，可以认为这是建立社交关系的一种方法、途径。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然一开始这只是建立社交联系的一种方法，但跑步不只给我带来了友谊，也赋予我一种使自己受益终身的技能。A. amaze使惊奇；B. comfort安慰；C. guard守卫；D. assist帮助。作者在最后一段的感悟中，跑步确实让作者结识了新朋友，但这个努力训练、提高自身的过程无疑会让作者受益颇多。故选D项。
第五部分 写作(共四节，满分 45分)
第一节 单词拼写(共 5 小题，满分 5分)
根据首字母或汉语提示，用Book 1 unit 4—Book 1 unit 5所学单词的适当形式填空，并将首字母一起写在答题卡上。
46. Nowadays, Chinese students have a more ________ (灵活的) schedule to do after-school activities.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】flexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：现在，中国学生的课后安排表更加灵活。根据空前more和汉语提示可知，空处需要填形容词修饰名词schedule；表示“灵活的”为flexible，符合题干。故填flexible。
47. Social evolution always takes place in the ________ (困境) of economic development and cultural preservation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】dilemma
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：社会进化总是在经济发展和文化保护的两难中发生。根据提示可知应填名词dilemma，作宾语，此处为特指，故填dilemma。
48. The beauty and charm of China lies in its d________ cultures, as well as its profound history, splendid natural scenery and various cuisines.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】diverse##iverse
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国的美丽和魅力在于其多元的文化、深厚的历史底蕴、灿烂的自然风光和丰富的菜系。根据单词首字母可知应填形容词diverse，作定语。故填diverse。
49. The successful l________ of the Shenzhou XIV spaceship marked the beginning of China’s third crewed mission to its space station. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】launch##aunch
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：神舟十四号飞船的成功发射标志着中国第三次载人空间站任务的开始。形容词successful后接名词形式，在句中作主语。根据首字母提示及句意，故填launch。
50. Also, while listening, don’t ________ (忽视) the speakers’ tone and intonation — these can be important clues, too. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】ignore
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：另外，在听的时候，不要忽视说话者的语气和语调——这些也是重要的线索。分析句子结构可知，空前是助动词do，所以空处应填动词原形，根据所给中文提示词，应是ignore意为“忽视”。故填ignore。
第二节 句子翻译(共 5 小题，满分 10分)
51. 庆祝端午节是为了纪念一位中国的伟大诗人屈原。(memory)(汉译英)
【答案】The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in memory of a great Chinese poet, Qu Yuan.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词时态和语态、固定短语、形容词。结合句意，题干为陈述一个客观事实，故用一般现在时态即可。表示“端午节”为专有名词短语the Dragon Boat Festival，位于句首需要大写首字母“T”；表示“庆祝”为celebrate，与主语“端午节”为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态，即is celebrated；表示“为了纪念”为短语in memory of；表示“伟大的”为形容词great；表示“诗人”为名词poet。故翻译为The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in memory of a great Chinese poet, Qu Yuan.
52. 正在看电视的时候，我突然想到还没有完成作业。(occur to) (汉译英)
【答案】While I was watching TV, it occurred to me that I hadn’t finished my homework.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。根据所给中文提示词，此处应该用while引导的时间状语从句，表示两个动作同时发生，“正在看电视的时候”做状语从句，用while引导，主语是“我”译为“I”，谓语和宾语是“看电视”，根据句意，描述过去正在发生的动作，应该用过去进行时，译为“was watching TV”，“我突然想到还没有完成作业”作主句，根据题干要求，需用occur to，所以此处应该用固定句型：It occurred to sb. that意为“某人突然想到……”，译为“it occurred to me that I hadn’t finished my homework”。故译为：While I was watching TV, it occurred to me that I hadn’t finished my homework.
53. 仰望星空，人们一直想要更加深刻地了解太空。(非谓语作状语)(汉译英)
【答案】Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语、动词时态、名词。结合提示，“仰望星空”需要用非谓语作状语的形式，其中表示“仰望”为短语look up，与主语“人们”即people为主谓关系，故需要用现在分词doing的形式，位于句首需要大写首字母；表示“星空”为“星星”的复数形式stars；表示“一直想要”可用现在完成时的固定短语have always wanted to；表示“更加了解”为短语learn more about；表示“太空”为抽象名词space，不用加定冠词the。故翻译为Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space.
54. 为了享受电子支付的便利，很多老年人开始使用智能手机。(不定式作目的状语)(汉译英)
【答案】To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。根据句意“为了享受电子支付的便利”翻译为enjoy the convenience of digital payment，不定式作目的状语；主语为many senior citizens；表示“开始使用智能手机”翻译为start to use smart phones，为一般过去时。故翻译为To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
55. Lily决定在纽约定居，追求她当演员的梦想。(pursue)(汉译英)
【答案】Lily decided that she would settle in New York to pursue her dream of becoming an actress. / Lily decided to settle in New York to pursue her dream of becoming an actress.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态、固定短语、固定句型、不定式、冠词。综合句意，Lily已经做出决定，故“决定”decide需要用一般过去时态，其后可接that宾语从句，也可接不定式to do；表示“定居某地”为短语settle in；后文为前文的目的，故“追求”需要用不定式的形式，即to pursue；表示“……的梦想”为dream of doing sth.；表示“演员”为actress，为元音音素开头，故名词前需要用不定冠词an。故翻译为Lily decided that she would settle in New York to pursue her dream of becoming an actress.或Lily decided to settle in New York to pursue her dream of becoming an actress.
第三节 语法填空(共 10 小题，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Hezhen is one of the smallest minorities in China. Early Hezhen people developed methods ____56____ producing clothes, bedding and thread out of fish skin. But over time, there has been a loss of Hezhen culture, including ____57____ (make) clothing from the skin of fish. Besides, few young Hezhen wanted to learn the skill. Fish-skin clothing is also not ____58____ Hezhen people wear today.
Knowing this, You Wenfeng, a now 68-year-old woman, started to share her knowledge with local Han Chinese women in the 1990s. Her followers also learn the Yimakan, ____59____ kind of storytelling that uses both speeches and songs in the Hezhen language. They also memorize songs sung by the Hezhen people. For environmental ____60____ (protect), You Wenfeng has decided to buy fish from the market and use a special sewing tool and cotton thread. The first step is to remove the fish's skin ____61____ (cautious) and dry it. The skin is then repeatedly passed through wooden “teeth” to soften it. The process takes a month, and sewing it then requires about twenty ____62____ (many) days.
So far, fish leather ____63____ (inspire) some high-end clothing design houses, including Dior and Prada, to use it in their clothes. But the material ____64____ (be) still not common. In 2006, Hezhen fish skin clothing was listed by China as intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）, which means a special effort is made _____65_____ (preserve) the tradition.
【答案】56. for/of
57. making 58. what
59. a 60. protection
61. cautiously
62. more 63. has inspired
64. is 65. to preserve
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了赫哲人过去常常用鱼皮制作衣服、被褥和线等物品的传统。然而这个传统正在消失，尤文凤决定传承并推广这种鱼皮制作技艺以及赫哲人的文化。
【56题详解】
考查介词的用法。此处表示赫哲人用鱼皮制作衣服、被褥和线等物品的方法。method of/for doing sth.意为“做某事的方法”，是固定短语。故填for/of。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。including 意为“包括”，是介词，此处应作介词“including”的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填making。
【58题详解】
考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导表语从句，在句中充当宾语，此处表示“赫哲人今天穿着的衣服”。故填what。
【59题详解】
考查冠词的用法。固定搭配 a kind of 意为“一种……”。故填a。
【60题详解】
考查名词。根据空白处的前面environmental可知，结合词汇使用规则，形容词修饰名词，所以空白处要用protect的名词形式protection。故填protection。
【61题详解】
考查副词。结合本句中“to remove the fish’s skin”可知，此处应填副词，修饰 动词remove，故填 cautiously，意为“小心地，谨慎地”。故填cautiously。
【62题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。此处表示“将其缝合起来则需要 20 天”。more 在这里意为“又，再”，相当于 again。故填more。
【63题详解】
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据本句中的“So far”可知，此处时态应用现在完成时，且主语是“fish leather”，谓语动词应用单三形式，所以要用has inspired。故填has inspired。
【64题详解】
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合前一句可知，此处时态应用一般现在时，主语是“the material”，是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形式。故填is。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。固定搭配 make a special effort to do sth.意为“努力去做某事”，a special effort 提前作主语，动词不定式保留。不定式表示目的，故填to preserve。
第四节 书面表达(满分 15分)
66. 假定你是李华。你的英国朋友Eric来中国旅游时发现中国有很多茶馆(teahouse)，对此非常好奇，特写邮件向你咨询。请给用英语回复邮件，向他介绍中国的茶馆。内容包括：
(1)历史悠久，可追溯到西晋(the Western Jin Dynasty)；
(2)茶馆的意义和作用；
(3)邀请Eric到茶馆品茶。
注意：
(1)词数80词左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear Eric,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric,
Delighted to know that you are so keen on the Chinese teahouse, I am writing to give you some relevant information about it.
Originating from the Western Jin Dynasty, the teahouse has become a fashionable social event spreading all over the country over the years. Teahouses perfectly reflect our Chinese tea culture and people’s attitude to life. We Chinese gather in teahouses not only to enjoy varieties of tea but also to socialize with our friends. Today it takes on a new look with the development of society.
So why not come to join me and have a taste in a teahouse? Looking forward to your coming.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Eric回复一封邮件，向他介绍中国的茶馆。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：Delighted →Happy
对……感兴趣：be keen on →be interested in
全国：all over the country →throughout the country
享用：enjoy→get pleasure from
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Originating from the Western Jin Dynasty, the teahouse has become a fashionable social event spreading all over the country over the years.
拓展句：Originating from the Western Jin Dynasty, the teahouse has become a fashionable social event which spreads all over the country over the years.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Delighted to know that you are so keen on the Chinese teahouse, I am writing to give you some relevant information about it.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Originating from the Western Jin Dynasty, the teahouse has become a fashionable social event spreading all over the country over the years.（运用了现在分词作状语和现在分词作后置定语）
听力答案：1~5 BCBCA 6~10 BCCAB 11~15 CABCA 16~20ABABC
重庆八中2021-2022学年高一(下)期末
英语试题
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the man reading?
A. A magazine. B. A newspaper. C. A novel.
2.What does the man mean?
A. Any kind of books can be borrowed.
B. The reference books arenˈt available.
C. The reference books canˈt be borrowed.
3.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At a supermarket. B. At a restaurant. C. At a theater.
4.Who will hand in the report?
A. Neither. B. The man. C. The woman.
5.Why didnˈt the man finish his science homework?
A. He didnˈt have enough time.
B. He forgot it completely.
C. He found it difficult.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6.What is wrong with the shower?
A. It has no hot water.
B. It canˈt be tuned off completely.
C. It canˈt be turned on at all.
7.What is the man good at repairing?
A. Washers. B. Shower heads. C. TVs.
听下面一段对话，回答下列小题。
8.When did the man get a reply to his application?
A. Last month. B. This Friday. C. Last week.
9.Why is the man going to Paris?
A. To work. B. To study. C. To travel.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
10.Whatˈs the womanˈs attitude towards her trying?
A. Confident. B. Disappointed. C. Interested.
11.Which of the following has been tried?
A. Doing exercise. B. Writing books. C. Going on diets.
12.What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Improve her health.
B. Keep her lifestyle.
C. Save her energy.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
13.Who is Julie?
A. The womanˈs colleague.
B. The womanˈs schoolmate.
C. The womanˈs relative.
14.Why didnˈt the woman want to do magic tricks at the party?
A. She didnˈt bring what she needed.
B. She didnˈt know how to do it at all.
C. She hasnˈt practised it for a long time.
15.How did the woman feel at the party?
A. Embarrassed. B. Tired. C. Excited.
16.What does the woman plan to do?
A. Practice magic tricks at times.
B. Avoid meeting Julie again.
C. Give up playing magic tricks.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17.What is the text mainly about?
A. A trip to the future.
B. A journey back in time.
C. A space voyage.
18.In which year can the listeners see the first person in space?
A. In 1961. B. In 1880. C. In 1903.
19.What can the listeners see on the screens in the year 1450?
A. The first sailing ship.
B. The first books.
C. The first electric light bulb.
20.What will the listeners do next?
A. Enjoy the first plane flight.
B. See the first Olympic Games.
C. Visit the people 4000 years ago.
第二部分 单项选择(共 10 题，满分 10 分)
1. We had to pack everything up in advance that night because the train ______ at 5 the next morning.
A. will leave B. was leaving
C. was about to leave D. left
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们那天晚上必须提前打包好所有的东西，因为火车第二天早上五点开。结合前句had to pack的一般过去时态可知，空处表示过去的第二天，即过去将来，排除A、D项；C项be about to意为“马上”，不符合句意；B项was leaving为be doing表将来，符合时态和句意。故选B项。
2. I sincerely requested that I ______ of the latest situation.
A. informed B. was informed C. be informed D. inform
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我真诚地请求告知我最新的情况。requested等表示建议、命令、要求的词后接宾语从句，从句中常用should + do的形式，且should可以省略；结合句意，主语I和动词inform为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态be done的形式，故空处应填(should) be informed。故选C项。
3. Unless ______ to, you must not come into my office.
A. permitted B. are permitted
C. being permitted D. permitting
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查省略句。句意：除非允许了，不然你就不能进我的办公室。在状语从句的省略中，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句谓语有带be动词的结构时，从句可以省略主语+be动词的形式；从句中主语为you，与下文一致，且主语和动词permit为动宾结构，故需要用被动语态，还原从句为Unless you are permitted，省略you are。故选A项。
4. He must come from China, ______ from his accent.
A. having judged B. judged C. to judge D. judging
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从他的口音判断，他一定来自中国。空前有谓语动词must come from，故空处需要填非谓语的形式；固定短语judging from意为“根据某事判断”，需要用现在分词的形式，为固定用法。故选D项。
5. All the groceries ______, John left the store immediately, rushing to his car.
A. to buy B. were bought C. bought D. to be bought
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：所有的杂货买完了，约翰立即离开商店，急冲冲地走向他的车。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词left，所以buy应该用非谓语形式，逻辑主语是groceries与buy是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。为独立主格结构。故选C项。
6. When I woke up that night, I found myself ______ on the ground.
A lie B. be lying C. was lying D. lying
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：那天晚上我醒来时，发现自己躺在地上。find sb. doing sth.固定搭配，意为“发现某人正在做某事”，此处应用现在分词作宾语补足语，故选D。
7. He has advanced many theories, none of ______ has been proved.
A. which B. that C. them D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，故需要用关系代词代指前文的事物many theories。故选A项。
8. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program, ______ purpose is to relieve worldwide hunger.
A. whose B. which C. that D. its
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的是减缓解全世界的饥饿状况。句中先行词为 the World Food Program，在非限定性定语从句中作名词purpose的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选A。
9. It was not until 9 o’clock ______ I finally got on the bus.
A. when B. that C. did D. do
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到9点钟我才终于上了公共汽车。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句：it is +强调部分+that…。故选B项。
10. Never ______ for school this term so far.
A. I am late B. am I late
C. have I been late D. I have been late
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和倒装结构。句意：到目前为止，我这学期上学从未迟到过。根据时间状语so far可知，用现在完成时。否定词Never位于句首，主句用部分倒装结构。故选C。
第三部分 阅读理解(共 20 小题，满分 50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In this list, you can find some of the best parks in London.
Chiswick Gardens
Chiswick Gardens arguably inspired England’s most influential cultural export, second perhaps to the Beatles. In the 1720s, architect and designer William Kent experimented at Chiswick, inventing what became known as the English landscape garden. He made the garden less formal, introducing a far more natural feel – sweeping grassland and lakes, classical temples and monuments. The style soon became the model for public parks across the globe. And it all started here.
Website: chiswickhouseandgardens. org. uk
Opening times: open daily, 7 a.m. — dusk
Osterley Park
The essential dignity of this old country estate does not seem to be affected by the modern world. The stillness of its lake is occasionally broken by a line of passing swans. A cycle-friendly trail circles the park, perfect for children (bike hire available) – and if you don’t mind paying, the beautiful gardens are a must.
Website: nationaltrust. org. uk
Opening times: open daily, 7 a.m.—7: 30 p.m.
Richmond Park
Deer have been wandering around this rare grassland habitat since at least 1637, when Charles I enclosed it. It’s London’s largest nature reserve. Away from the roads and cycle tracks, few places in London feel so open and wild. The landscape isn’t all left to the deer: the Isabella Plantation is a sizeable woodland garden full of flowers that look their best in mid-spring.
Website: royalparks.org. uk
Opening times: open 24 hours, except Nov and Feb
Victoria Park
Regular winner of the nation’s most popular park awards, this park continues to attract new generations to its enormous band of devoted fans. The park is simply amazing for young people. A playground features the best slides in town and a host of other original swinging and climbing equipment. Meanwhile, older kids get top-grade music festivals, a mouth-watering Sunday market and an excellent cafe in each of its two parts. And that’s without mentioning the lakes, gardens and everything else!
Website: towerhamlets .gov. uk
Opening times: open daily, 7 a.m. — dusk
11. What is special about Chiswick Gardens?
A. It is England’s most influential building. B. It was loved by the famous band the Beatles.
C. Its natural style was a model for public parks. D. It has a history of nearly four hundred years.
12. What can visitors see if they go to Richmond Park?
A. Classical temples and monuments. B. Deer on grassland and beautiful flowers.
C. A playground with the best slides in town. D. Busy roads and cycle tracks circling the park.
13. Which park will you choose if you want to enjoy a music festival?
A. Chiswick Gardens. B. Osterley Park. C. Richmond Park. D. Victoria Park.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个伦敦最好的公园的情况。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chiswick Gardens部分中“He made the garden less formal, introducing a far more natural feel – sweeping grassland and lakes, classical temples and monuments. The style soon became the model for public parks across the globe. And it all started here.(他让花园变得不那么正式，引入了一种更加自然的感觉——大片的草地和湖泊，古典的庙宇和纪念碑。这种风格很快成为全球公园的典范。一切都从这里开始)”可知，奇斯威克花园的特别之处是它的自然风格是公园的典范。故选C。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据Richmond Park部分中“Deer have been wandering around this rare grassland habitat since at least 1637, when Charles I enclosed it. It’s London’s largest nature reserve. Away from the roads and cycle tracks, few places in London feel so open and wild. The landscape isn’t all left to the deer: the Isabella Plantation is a sizeable woodland garden full of flowers that look their best in mid-spring.(至少从1637年查理一世将这片罕见的草原栖息地围起来开始，鹿就一直在这里游荡。它是伦敦最大的自然保护区。除了公路和自行车道，伦敦很少有地方能像这里一样开阔和狂野。 这里的风景并不是全留给了鹿群：伊莎贝拉种植园是一个相当大的林地花园，鲜花盛开，在仲春时节最美)”可知，游客去里士满公园能看到草原上的鹿和美丽的花朵。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据Victoria Park部分中“Meanwhile, older kids get top-grade music festivals, a mouth-watering Sunday market and an excellent cafe in each of its two parts.(与此同时，年龄稍大一些的孩子可以享受顶级的音乐节，一个令人垂涎的周日市场和一个很棒的咖啡馆)”可知，如果你想参加音乐节，你会选择维多利亚公园。故选D。
B
Everybody may have that one neighbor, who just looks out of the window, looking angry at everyone and everything that crosses the path. And though we think we know what’s going on in is head, we could be wrong.
There is such a person in our community. First you see this bad-tempered old man looking out of his window, taking in everything that is happening on his block. He looks annoyed by just everything. But his heart is solid gold. When he saw one neighbor shouting angrily at her son after he broke her coffee maker, this ill-tempered old man went and bought her a new one.
But he didn’t want her to know so, instead he made it look like he was just throwing it away. And that one secret good deed was just the tip of the iceberg. When he saw another neighbor with a crying baby because of the heat, he got a fan, took it to his room and made it look like it had been sitting for forever. He thought he was being strange and no one would know all the kindness he had shared. But a boy next door knew this ill-tempered neighbor’s secrets. He carefully drew a picture of the old man dressed as Santa and put it on the wall.
So when Christmas came, this little boy had a surprise for the block’s secret Santa. This precious poster is such an important reminder that the holiday season is about giving out of love, even if no one knows. How sweet this is!
14. What impression does the old man leave on his neighbors?
A Warmhearted. B. Easy-going.
C. Dangerous. D. Unfriendly.
15. Why did the old man pretend to throw away his coffee maker?
A. To help a mother and her son. B. To show off his wealthy life.
C. To get rid of a useless thing. D. To create a peaceful neighborhood.
16. What do we know about the bad-tempered old man?
A. He wanted to scare his neighbors.
B. He did many good deeds secretly.
C. He told his secrets to the little boy.
D. He was really angry with all his neighbors.
17. Why did the little boy draw the old man as a Santa?
A. To blame the neighbours.
B. To play a trick on the old man.
C. To show the old man’s kindness.
D. To make the old man embarrassed.
【答案】14. D 15. A 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。一位老人总是看着窗外，生气地看着每一个人和每件路过的东西。但他却有一颗金子般的心，暗地里做了很多好事。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中Everybody may have that one neighbor, who just looks out of the window, looking angry at everyone and everything that crosses the path.可知，每个人都可能有这样一个邻居，他只是看着窗外，生气地看着每一个人和每一件穿过小路的东西。由此可知，这位老人只是看着窗外，生气地看着每一个人和每一件东西，因此给邻居们留下不友好的印象。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中When he saw one neighbor shouting angrily at her son after he broke her coffee maker, this ill-tempered old man went and bought her a new one.(当他看到一个邻居因为儿子打破了她的咖啡壶而生气地对她大喊大叫时，这个脾气暴躁的老人就去给她买了一个新的)和第三段的第一句But he didn’t want her to know so, instead he made it look like he was just throwing it away.(但他不想让她知道，相反，他让她觉得他只是把它扔了)可知，老人假装扔掉他的咖啡壶，是为了帮助这对母子。因为儿子打碎了咖啡壶，母亲冲他大喊大叫。故选A。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句And that one secret good deed was just the tip of the iceberg.可知，那件秘密的好事只是冰山一角。由此可知，这位老人偷偷地做了很多好事。故选B。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的最后两句But a boy next door knew this ill-tempered neighbor’s secrets. He carefully drew a picture of the old man dressed as Santa and put it on the wall.可知，但是隔壁的一个男孩知道这个坏脾气的邻居的秘密。他小心翼翼地画了一幅老人装扮成圣诞老人的画像，并把它挂在了墙上。由此可知，圣诞老人是秘密做好事的，画这幅画是为了表示老人的善良。故选C。
C
Tell People can experience loneliness for many reasons and many life events may cause it, like the lack of friendship relations during childhood and adolescence, or the physical absence of meaningful people around a person. At the same time, loneliness may be a symptom of another social or psychological problem, such as chronic depression.
Many people experience loneliness for the first time when they are left alone as infants. It is also a very common, though normally temporary, consequence of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important long-term relationship. In these cases, it may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the withdrawal from social circles caused by the event or the associated sadness.
The loss of a significant person in one’s life will typically start a sadness response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the company of others. Loneliness may also occur after the birth of a child, after marriage, or following any other socially disruptive event, such as moving from one’s home town into an unfamiliar community leading to homesickness. Loneliness can occur within unstable marriages or other close relationships in a similar nature, in which feelings present may include anger or bitterness, or in which the feeling of love cannot be given or received.
Loneliness may represent a dysfunction of communication, and can also result from places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to interact with. Sometimes, loneliness is capable of spreading like a disease. When one person in a group begins to feel lonely, this feeling can spread to others, increasing everybody’s risk for feelings of loneliness. People can feel lonely when they’re surrounded by other lonely people.
18. What is the text mainly about?
A The influence of a specific person in life. B. The harm caused by loneliness.
C. The reasons for loneliness. D. The importance of mental health.
19. Which of the following may not cause loneliness?
A. The regular attendance at social events. B. The physical absence of meaningful people.
C. The breakup of a marriage. D. The lack of friendship relations.
20. The underlined phrase “disruptive event” in paragraph 3 refer to things that ______.
A. bring to a family extra unexpected financial burdens
B. prevent one’s life from continuing in a normal way
C. make people too excited to control their feelings
D. replace the feeling of love with anger and bitterness
21. What can we learn about loneliness from the last paragraph?
A. Loneliness can have a certain social effect.
B. Loneliness won’t occur in crowded places.
C. Loneliness is a disease spreading among people.
D. Loneliness can be the result of losing important relation.
【答案】18. C 19. A 20. B 21. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们感到孤独的原因以及孤独对人的影响。
【18题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Tell People can experience loneliness for many reasons and many life events may cause it, like the lack of friendship relations during childhood and adolescence, or the physical absence of meaningful people around a person.(人们感到孤独的原因有很多，生活中的许多事件可能会导致孤独，比如童年和青少年时期缺乏友谊关系，或者一个人身边缺少有意义的人)”结合文章主要说明了人们感到孤独的原因以及孤独对人的影响。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是孤独的原因。故选C。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In these cases, it may result both from the loss of a specific person and from the withdrawal from social circles caused by the event or the associated sadness.(在这些情况下，它可能是由于失去了一个特定的人，也可能是由于事件或相关的悲伤导致的社交圈的退出)”可知，经常参加社交活动不会导致孤独。故选A。
【20题详解】
推理判断题。根据画线词上文“Loneliness may also occur after the birth of a child, after marriage, or following any other socially”以及后文“such as moving from one’s home town into an unfamiliar community leading to homesickness”可推知，从家乡搬到一个不熟悉的社区，导致乡愁，说明了孤独也可能发生在孩子出生后，结婚后，或在任何其他社会破坏性事件之后，阻止某人的生活以正常的方式继续生活，画线词指的是“阻止某人的生活以正常的方式继续”。故选B。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Loneliness may represent a dysfunction of communication, and can also result from places with low population densities in which there are comparatively few people to interact with. Sometimes, loneliness is capable of spreading like a disease. When one person in a group begins to feel lonely, this feeling can spread to others, increasing everybody’s risk for feelings of loneliness. People can feel lonely when they’re surrounded by other lonely people.(孤独可能代表着沟通障碍，也可能来自人口密度较低的地方，那里有相对较少的人可以互动。有时候，孤独会像疾病一样蔓延。当群体中的一个人开始感到孤独时，这种感觉会蔓延到其他人，增加每个人感到孤独的风险。当周围都是孤独的人时，人们会感到孤独)”可知，孤独可以产生一定的社会影响。故选A。
D
Studies with financial ties to the sugar-sweetened beverage (drinks) industry are much less likely than independent studies to find a link between sipping sugary drinks and developing obesity or diabetes, according to an Annals of Internal Medicine Report published Monday.
Researchers reviewed 60 studies published between January 2001 and July 2016 that investigated consuming drinks with added sugar and these diseases. They also identified whether the reports were independently funded, or if they were backed by—or the authors had financial conflicts with—the sugar-sweetened beverage industry.
Every one of the 26 studies that found no connection between sugary drinks and diabetes or obesity were industry-funded. But of the 34 studies that did find a connection between sugar and illness, only one had ties to sugar-sweetened beverages.
“This industry seems to be manipulating contemporary scientific processes to create controversy and advance their business interests at the expense of the public’s health,” concluded the report.
The latest report comes a month after a JAMA Internal Medicine investigation found that the Sugar Research Foundation paid three Harvard scientists about $50,000 in the 1960s to publish research that blamed fat and cholesterol(胆固醇) for causing heart disease, and downplayed the role of sweeteners.
Dr. Mark Hyman, director of the Cleveland Clinic Center for Functional Medicine has long been skeptical about the sweet stuff.
“The sugar industry and soda companies are following the same playbook as the tobacco industry did trying to defend tobacco,” he told the News. “They destroy the science by financing scientists who are actually pushing their agenda and designing flawed trials that show there’s no harm. They sway public opinion, and they lobby politicians.”
He advised consumers confused about what research to believe to “follow the money.” “If a bunch of Harvard scientists say one thing, and Coca-Cola says another thing, you should wonder about who the messenger is, and where the money to fund the study is coming from,” he said.
22. What does the Annals of Internal Medicine Report mainly focus on?
A. The sugar industry’s influence on scientific studies.
B. The connection between sugary drinks and illnesses.
C. The real reason to blame for causing heart disease.
D. The financial support for science from the sugar industry.
23. Which is a factor the researchers took into consideration when reviewing the studies published?
A. Their total number. B. Their value to science.
C. Their financial source. D. Their social influence.
24. Why did the Sugar Research Foundation pay three Harvard scientists about $50000 in the 1960s?
A. To support the development of science.
B. To compare with the tobacco industry.
C. To influence certain scientific results.
D. To promote the public’s health conditions.
25. How to understand Dr. Mark Hyman’s “follow the money” principle?
A. People who pay for products should know where their money go.
B. Consumers have to pay for the real results of scientific researches.
C. More money should be paid to promote the public’s awareness of science.
D. The money to fund the study determines its reliability to some extent.
【答案】22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了研究报告的资金来源是如何影响报告结果的。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Studies with financial ties to the sugar-sweetened beverage (drinks) industry are much less likely than independent studies to find a link between sipping sugary drinks and developing obesity or diabetes, according to an Annals of Internal Medicine Report published Monday.(周一发表的《内科医学年报》报告称，与独立研究相比，与含糖饮料行业有经济关系的研究发现喝含糖饮料与肥胖或糖尿病之间存在联系的可能性要小得多。)”可知，独立研究更容易报道喝含糖饮料与肥胖或糖尿病之间存在关系，故《内科医学年报》主要关注了制糖业对科学研究结果的影响。故选A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They also identified whether the reports were independently funded, or if they were backed by—or the authors had financial conflicts with—the sugar-sweetened beverage industry.(他们还确定了这些报告是否得到了独立资助，或者是否得到了含糖饮料行业的支持，或者作者是否与该行业存在经济冲突。)”可知，研究人员在回顾研究时考虑了资金来源。故选C项。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The latest report comes a month after a JAMA Internal Medicine investigation found that the Sugar Research Foundation paid three Harvard scientists about $50,000 in the 1960s to publish research that blamed fat and cholesterol(胆固醇) for causing heart disease, and downplayed the role of sweeteners.(一个月前，《美国医学会内科杂志》的一项调查发现，糖研究基金会在20世纪60年代向三位哈佛科学家支付了约5万美元，让他们发表研究报告，指责脂肪和胆固醇导致心脏病，并淡化甜味剂的作用。)”可知，糖研究基金会向哈佛科学家付款五万美金是为了影响科学结果。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““If a bunch of Harvard scientists say one thing, and Coca-Cola says another thing, you should wonder about who the messenger is, and where the money to fund the study is coming from, he said.(他建议那些对研究结果感到困惑的消费者“跟着钱走”。他说:“如果一群哈佛科学家说一件事，可口可乐说另一件事，你应该想知道信使是谁，资助这项研究的资金从哪里来。”)”可知，马克博士认为，研究的资金来源会影响这项研究的结果，即资助这项研究的资金在某种程度上决定了它的可靠性。故选D项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship. ____26____ Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.
____27____ Sure, you and your friends probably have some similar interests, but that’s not always the case. In an effort to keep everyone happy, go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time. Have each person categorize activities or sights into “must see” “want to see” and “would go if we have time”. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.
Communicate and respect each other. Everyone has personal preference when travelling. But sometimes things don’t go as you like. In this case, share your requirements directly with your travelling companions. ____28____ Have a conversation when problems arise, for communication is the key.
Don’t disappear. When travelling with a group—or even just one other person—you may want to be alone sometimes. That’s completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you. ____29____
Get off your phone. Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone. ____30____ After all, the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it!
A. Include at least one activity for everyone.
B. Give each other some space.
C. At the same time, listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.
D. And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.
E. It’s especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.
F. So it’s important to make sure you and your friends are on the same page.
G. Don’t respond to non-urgent work contact or send messages frequently.
【答案】26. F 27. A 28. C 29. E 30. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了和朋友一起旅行绝对是一种美妙的经历，你可以留下一生的回忆，但也可以毁掉你的友谊。就此作者给出了一些建议。
【26题详解】
上文“Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship.(和朋友一起旅行绝对是一种美妙的经历，你可能会留下一辈子的记忆，也可能会毁掉你们的友谊。)”提到，和朋友旅行有好有坏，是一把双刃剑；F项“所以确保你和你的朋友达成共识是很重要的。”与上文构成因果关系，符合文意。故选F项。
【27题详解】
下文“Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.(对照着安排计划，确保每个人都能看到他们最想看的景点。)”可知本段是在谈论制定旅行计划时要兼顾所有的人；A项“为每个人准备至少一项活动。”符合语境，话题一致。故选A项。
【28题详解】
本段的主题是“Communicate and respect each other.(互相沟通，互相尊重。)”。根据上文“In this case, share your requirements directly with your travel companions.(在这种情况下，直接与你的旅伴分享你的需求。)”可知，下文可能讨论尊重旅伴的需求。C项“同时，倾听他们的担忧，尊重他们。”符合语境，其中be respectful of呼应主题句中的respect。故选C项。
【29题详解】
上文“That’s completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.(这完全没问题，但要确保你的朋友知道你在哪里，有办法联系你。)”可知E项“在国外或不熟悉的地方旅行尤其如此。”符合语境，谈论的是在国外或不熟悉的地方旅游可能会发生的事情以及应该如何应对。故选E项。
【30题详解】
上文“Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone.(当然，如果你需要接家人的电话，或者工作上的紧急情况，你的朋友会理解的，但除此之外，尽量远离手机。)”可知，后文内容应与打电话或工作上的紧急情况相关；G项“不要回复非紧急的工作联系人或频繁发送信息。”和前文话题一致。故选G项。
第四部分 语言知识运用(共 15 小题，满分 15分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nine years ago, I moved to an absolutely new town. ____31____ as I was, with various new things to explore, I was still lonely. I was desperate to establish ____32____.
This could explain my enthusiastic “Count me in!” when ____33____ to participate in a half marathon. Considering my usual 3 miles, I must have been ____34____—13 miles seemed a(n) ____35____ task.
However, the initial ____36____ gradually faded away. I found comfort in burying myself in training. Though taking it slow, one mile, and then two, I gradually made ____37____. Mile after mile, I managed to step beside my new friends. We talked about our favorite music and ____38____ funny stories about our children. At about mile 10, the conversations ____39____. We shared our past and hopes for our future, our fears and regrets. By the time we were running 12-mile legs, it was ____40____ that I’d made lifelong friends.
____41____, the day of the race arrived. At the start line, armed with my friends, I already felt like a champion. My time training had ____42____. I managed to hold a steady pace and kept up with my ____43____. Finally, we crossed the finish line together.
Although it started as a ____44____ of building social ties, running not only provided me with friendship, but with a beneficial skill that would ____45____ me the rest of my life.
31. A. Excited B. Relaxed C. Embarrassed D. Confused
32. A. respect B. principles C. business D. connections
33. A. allowed B. reminded C. invited D. required
34. A. grateful B. confident C. crazy D. awkward
35 A. urgent B. impossible C. rewarding D. pleasant
36. A. delight B. anxiety C. shock D. disappointment
37. A. progress B. discoveries C. history D. mistakes
38. A. read B. spread C. exchanged D. composed
39. A. concluded B. deepened C. returned D. decreased
40. A. hopeful B. regretful C. undoubted D. unexpected
41. A. Unfortunately B. Obviously C. Naturally D. Eventually
42. A. paid off B. run out C. come D. flown
43. A. partners B. trainers C. coaches D. judges
44. A. risk B. habit C. right D. means
45. A. amaze B. comfort C. guard D. assist
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. C 41. D 42. A 43. A 44. D 45. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在结婚七年后来到一个新城镇生活，为了结识新朋友参加了半程马拉松比赛，在刻苦训练的过程中作者确实结交了一些好朋友，最终大家并肩完成了比赛。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有着许许多多的新鲜事物可以探索，我感到很兴奋。A. Excited兴奋的；B. Relaxed放松的；C. Embarrassed尴尬的；D. Confused困惑的。作者来到新环境中，从后句的描述“with various new things to explore(有着许许多多的新鲜事物可以探索)”中可以推断心情是比较兴奋激动的。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我渴望与他人建立联系。A. respect尊重；B. principles原则；C. business生意；D. connections联系。作者来到了新环境中，上句提到“I was still lonely(我仍然很孤独)”可以推断是很想认识新朋友、建立联系的。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就能解释当有人来邀请我参加半程马拉松时我热情回应的“算我一个”了。A. allowed允许；B. reminded使想起；C. invited邀请；D. required要求。分析句子可知，此处省略了主语“I”，指我被询问、被邀请是否参加半马比赛。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我平常跑的3英里，我肯定是疯了——13英里似乎是不可能的任务。A. grateful感激的；B. confident自信的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. awkward尴尬的。作者平常跑的路程和半马的路程差距是比较大的，所以这里作者应该会觉得自己的选择是很疯狂的。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我平常跑的3英里，我肯定是疯了——13英里似乎是不可能的任务。A. urgent迫切的；B. impossible不可能的；C. rewarding有回报的；D. pleasant愉快的。作者平常跑的路程和半马的路程差距是比较大的，所以这对作者来说应该是很难做到、不太可能的。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过，开始的不安逐渐减少了。A. delight愉悦；B. anxiety不安；C. shock震惊；D. disappointment失望。此处是However开头表示句意上的转折，且后句也提到“I found comfort in burying myself in training”，即作者在刻苦训练中找到了慰藉，焦虑不安的情绪应该是逐渐消失了。应该故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管进步缓慢，一英里，然后两英里，我逐渐取得了进步。A. progress进步，发展；B. discoveries发现；C. history历史；D. mistakes错误。联系上下文，这里描写的是作者通过训练逐渐取得进步、越跑越远的过程。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们谈论最喜欢的音乐，交流有关孩子们的趣事。A. read阅读；B. spread传播；C. exchanged交换；D. composed构成，写作。根据“ We talked about our favorite music”可知，作者在跑步期间结识了新朋友，这里描写的是朋友间的互相交流，自家孩子的趣事应该是拿出来分享、交流的。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大约10英里的地方，对话进一步深入了。A. concluded推断；B. deepened深化；C. returned返回；D. decreased减少。由下一句所述的“We shared our past and hopes for our future, our fears and regrets.(我们分享了过去和未来，恐惧和后悔)”可知，随着聊天的继续，探讨的内容也更有深度了。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到我们跑完12英里时，我确信自己已经交到一辈子的朋友了。A. hopeful有希望的；B. regretful后悔的；C. undoubted确实的；D. unexpected意外的。前两句的句意层层递进，随着跑步距离的增加、对话的深入，作者和朋友们的了解也愈加深入，这里应该表示作者已经认定、确信交到至交好友了。故选C。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于比赛的日子到了。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Eventually最终。根据“ the day of the race arrived. ”可知，该段描写的是比赛当天的情况，此处应使用eventually表示“比赛日终于到来”。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的时间训练取得了成效，我的步伐很稳健，跟上了我的朋友们。A. paid off付清，见成效；B. run out用尽；C. come来；D. flown飞行。从空白后句的内容“I managed to hold a steady pace and kept up with my _____. Finally, we crossed the finish line together.”来看，作者的表现是很不错的，这说明她的训练有成效了。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的时间训练取得了成效，我的步伐很稳健，跟上了我的同伴们。A. partners同伴；B. trainers训练员；C. coaches教练；D. judges裁判。本段中前后分别提到“At the start line, armed with my friends”和“Finally, we crossed the finish line together”，即作者和朋友们肩并肩出发，也是一起抵达终点的，说明过程中作者是始终跟上同伴们的。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然一开始这只是建立社交联系的一种方法，但跑步不只给我带来了友谊，也赋予我一种使自己受益终身的技能。A. risk风险；B. habit习惯；C. right权力；D. means途径。联系前文，一开始作者就是带着认识朋友的目的选择参加比赛的，可以认为这是建立社交关系的一种方法、途径。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然一开始这只是建立社交联系的一种方法，但跑步不只给我带来了友谊，也赋予我一种使自己受益终身的技能。A. amaze使惊奇；B. comfort安慰；C. guard守卫；D. assist帮助。作者在最后一段的感悟中，跑步确实让作者结识了新朋友，但这个努力训练、提高自身的过程无疑会让作者受益颇多。故选D项。
第五部分 写作(共四节，满分 45分)
第一节 单词拼写(共 5 小题，满分 5分)
根据首字母或汉语提示，用Book 1 unit 4—Book 1 unit 5所学单词的适当形式填空，并将首字母一起写在答题卡上。
46. Nowadays, Chinese students have a more ________ (灵活的) schedule to do after-school activities.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】flexible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：现在，中国学生的课后安排表更加灵活。根据空前more和汉语提示可知，空处需要填形容词修饰名词schedule；表示“灵活的”为flexible，符合题干。故填flexible。
47. Social evolution always takes place in the ________ (困境) of economic development and cultural preservation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】dilemma
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：社会进化总是在经济发展和文化保护的两难中发生。根据提示可知应填名词dilemma，作宾语，此处为特指，故填dilemma。
48. The beauty and charm of China lies in its d________ cultures, as well as its profound history, splendid natural scenery and various cuisines.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】diverse##iverse
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国的美丽和魅力在于其多元的文化、深厚的历史底蕴、灿烂的自然风光和丰富的菜系。根据单词首字母可知应填形容词diverse，作定语。故填diverse。
49. The successful l________ of the Shenzhou XIV spaceship marked the beginning of China’s third crewed mission to its space station. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】launch##aunch
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：神舟十四号飞船的成功发射标志着中国第三次载人空间站任务的开始。形容词successful后接名词形式，在句中作主语。根据首字母提示及句意，故填launch。
50. Also, while listening, don’t ________ (忽视) the speakers’ tone and intonation — these can be important clues, too. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】ignore
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：另外，在听的时候，不要忽视说话者的语气和语调——这些也是重要的线索。分析句子结构可知，空前是助动词do，所以空处应填动词原形，根据所给中文提示词，应是ignore意为“忽视”。故填ignore。
第二节 句子翻译(共 5 小题，满分 10分)
51. 庆祝端午节是为了纪念一位中国的伟大诗人屈原。(memory)(汉译英)
【答案】The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in memory of a great Chinese poet, Qu Yuan.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词时态和语态、固定短语、形容词。结合句意，题干为陈述一个客观事实，故用一般现在时态即可。表示“端午节”为专有名词短语the Dragon Boat Festival，位于句首需要大写首字母“T”；表示“庆祝”为celebrate，与主语“端午节”为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态，即is celebrated；表示“为了纪念”为短语in memory of；表示“伟大的”为形容词great；表示“诗人”为名词poet。故翻译为The Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated in memory of a great Chinese poet, Qu Yuan.
52. 正在看电视的时候，我突然想到还没有完成作业。(occur to) (汉译英)
【答案】While I was watching TV, it occurred to me that I hadn’t finished my homework.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和状语从句。根据所给中文提示词，此处应该用while引导的时间状语从句，表示两个动作同时发生，“正在看电视的时候”做状语从句，用while引导，主语是“我”译为“I”，谓语和宾语是“看电视”，根据句意，描述过去正在发生的动作，应该用过去进行时，译为“was watching TV”，“我突然想到还没有完成作业”作主句，根据题干要求，需用occur to，所以此处应该用固定句型：It occurred to sb. that意为“某人突然想到……”，译为“it occurred to me that I hadn’t finished my homework”。故译为：While I was watching TV, it occurred to me that I hadn’t finished my homework.
53. 仰望星空，人们一直想要更加深刻地了解太空。(非谓语作状语)(汉译英)
【答案】Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语、动词时态、名词。结合提示，“仰望星空”需要用非谓语作状语的形式，其中表示“仰望”为短语look up，与主语“人们”即people为主谓关系，故需要用现在分词doing的形式，位于句首需要大写首字母；表示“星空”为“星星”的复数形式stars；表示“一直想要”可用现在完成时的固定短语have always wanted to；表示“更加了解”为短语learn more about；表示“太空”为抽象名词space，不用加定冠词the。故翻译为Looking up at the stars, people have always wanted to learn more about space.
54. 为了享受电子支付的便利，很多老年人开始使用智能手机。(不定式作目的状语)(汉译英)
【答案】To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。根据句意“为了享受电子支付的便利”翻译为enjoy the convenience of digital payment，不定式作目的状语；主语为many senior citizens；表示“开始使用智能手机”翻译为start to use smart phones，为一般过去时。故翻译为To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.
55. Lily决定在纽约定居，追求她当演员的梦想。(pursue)(汉译英)
【答案】Lily decided that she would settle in New York to pursue her dream of becoming an actress. / Lily decided to settle in New York to pursue her dream of becoming an actress.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态、固定短语、固定句型、不定式、冠词。综合句意，Lily已经做出决定，故“决定”decide需要用一般过去时态，其后可接that宾语从句，也可接不定式to do；表示“定居某地”为短语settle in；后文为前文的目的，故“追求”需要用不定式的形式，即to pursue；表示“……的梦想”为dream of doing sth.；表示“演员”为actress，为元音音素开头，故名词前需要用不定冠词an。故翻译为Lily decided that she would settle in New York to pursue her dream of becoming an actress.或Lily decided to settle in New York to pursue her dream of becoming an actress.
第三节 语法填空(共 10 小题，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Hezhen is one of the smallest minorities in China. Early Hezhen people developed methods ____56____ producing clothes, bedding and thread out of fish skin. But over time, there has been a loss of Hezhen culture, including ____57____ (make) clothing from the skin of fish. Besides, few young Hezhen wanted to learn the skill. Fish-skin clothing is also not ____58____ Hezhen people wear today.
Knowing this, You Wenfeng, a now 68-year-old woman, started to share her knowledge with local Han Chinese women in the 1990s. Her followers also learn the Yimakan, ____59____ kind of storytelling that uses both speeches and songs in the Hezhen language. They also memorize songs sung by the Hezhen people. For environmental ____60____ (protect), You Wenfeng has decided to buy fish from the market and use a special sewing tool and cotton thread. The first step is to remove the fish's skin ____61____ (cautious) and dry it. The skin is then repeatedly passed through wooden “teeth” to soften it. The process takes a month, and sewing it then requires about twenty ____62____ (many) days.
So far, fish leather ____63____ (inspire) some high-end clothing design houses, including Dior and Prada, to use it in their clothes. But the material ____64____ (be) still not common. In 2006, Hezhen fish skin clothing was listed by China as intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）, which means a special effort is made _____65_____ (preserve) the tradition.
【答案】56. for/of
57. making 58. what
59. a 60. protection
61. cautiously
62. more 63. has inspired
64. is 65. to preserve
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了赫哲人过去常常用鱼皮制作衣服、被褥和线等物品的传统。然而这个传统正在消失，尤文凤决定传承并推广这种鱼皮制作技艺以及赫哲人的文化。
【56题详解】
考查介词的用法。此处表示赫哲人用鱼皮制作衣服、被褥和线等物品的方法。method of/for doing sth.意为“做某事的方法”，是固定短语。故填for/of。
【57题详解】
考查非谓语动词。including 意为“包括”，是介词，此处应作介词“including”的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填making。
【58题详解】
考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导表语从句，在句中充当宾语，此处表示“赫哲人今天穿着的衣服”。故填what。
【59题详解】
考查冠词的用法。固定搭配 a kind of 意为“一种……”。故填a。
【60题详解】
考查名词。根据空白处的前面environmental可知，结合词汇使用规则，形容词修饰名词，所以空白处要用protect的名词形式protection。故填protection。
【61题详解】
考查副词。结合本句中“to remove the fish’s skin”可知，此处应填副词，修饰 动词remove，故填 cautiously，意为“小心地，谨慎地”。故填cautiously。
【62题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。此处表示“将其缝合起来则需要 20 天”。more 在这里意为“又，再”，相当于 again。故填more。
【63题详解】
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据本句中的“So far”可知，此处时态应用现在完成时，且主语是“fish leather”，谓语动词应用单三形式，所以要用has inspired。故填has inspired。
【64题详解】
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合前一句可知，此处时态应用一般现在时，主语是“the material”，是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形式。故填is。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。固定搭配 make a special effort to do sth.意为“努力去做某事”，a special effort 提前作主语，动词不定式保留。不定式表示目的，故填to preserve。
第四节 书面表达(满分 15分)
66. 假定你是李华。你的英国朋友Eric来中国旅游时发现中国有很多茶馆(teahouse)，对此非常好奇，特写邮件向你咨询。请给用英语回复邮件，向他介绍中国的茶馆。内容包括：
(1)历史悠久，可追溯到西晋(the Western Jin Dynasty)；
(2)茶馆的意义和作用；
(3)邀请Eric到茶馆品茶。
注意：
(1)词数80词左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear Eric,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric,
Delighted to know that you are so keen on the Chinese teahouse, I am writing to give you some relevant information about it.
Originating from the Western Jin Dynasty, the teahouse has become a fashionable social event spreading all over the country over the years. Teahouses perfectly reflect our Chinese tea culture and people’s attitude to life. We Chinese gather in teahouses not only to enjoy varieties of tea but also to socialize with our friends. Today it takes on a new look with the development of society.
So why not come to join me and have a taste in a teahouse? Looking forward to your coming.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Eric回复一封邮件，向他介绍中国的茶馆。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：Delighted →Happy
对……感兴趣：be keen on →be interested in
全国：all over the country →throughout the country
享用：enjoy→get pleasure from
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Originating from the Western Jin Dynasty, the teahouse has become a fashionable social event spreading all over the country over the years.
拓展句：Originating from the Western Jin Dynasty, the teahouse has become a fashionable social event which spreads all over the country over the years.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Delighted to know that you are so keen on the Chinese teahouse, I am writing to give you some relevant information about it.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Originating from the Western Jin Dynasty, the teahouse has become a fashionable social event spreading all over the country over the years.（运用了现在分词作状语和现在分词作后置定语）
听力答案：1~5 BCBCA 6~10 BCCAB 11~15 CABCA 16~20ABABC
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