2022-2023学年广东省广州市荔湾区五校高三下学期开学联考英语试题（Word版含答案）

广州荔湾区2022-2023学年高三下学期开学五名校联考

         英    语 

第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

A simple mosquito (蚊子) bite can mean serious illness or death. So we use some chemicals to kill mosquitoes. But this has a bad influence on the whole ecosystem and your health. Now there's a new device(装置), which can keep you and your family mosquito­free：

What are we talking about?

Mosquitron, a brand­new type of bug(虫子)catcher, designed by two German engineers, is perfect for clearing your home of all annoying and dangerous flying pests!

How does it work?

•It is easy to set up; plug it in—and away you go!

•It lures (引诱) the mosquitoes near by using a safe UV light.

•A fan sucks (吸入) the insects through a one­way trapdoor.

•Once got in the drying basket, mosquitoes are killed by the fan within 2 minutes.

•You can simply empty the dead bugs into the trash，without even touching them.

•No need for batteries or any chemicals.

How much does it cost?

It's now $179.99. It may seem expensive at first, but when you consider most devices don't work for more than 10 minutes, this is a pretty good deal. In fact, other products using the same UV technology are priced at over $ 250! Now you can buy it from our website with 50% off and with free delivery for a limited time by clicking here.

Note: The device can only be returned or exchanged if it arrives damaged, and you must pay in advance.

21．What is the advantage of a Mosquitron?

A．It is cheaper than other devices.

B．It doesn't need battery.

C．It is silent when working.

D．It kills mosquitoes with UV light.

22．What can you enjoy if buying a Mosquitron online now?

A．A high discount.

B．A cheap delivery.

C．Return without reasons.

D．A great gift.

23．What type of writing is this passage?

A．An analysis.　　　　　 B．An advertisement.

C．A story.   D．A report.

B

In dreaming up the programme Tennis and Literacy for Youth, as a mother, I had hoped to share two of my passions, tennis and reading, with children. Throughout the year, I had advertised for participants at local elementary schools and volunteers at local high schools. With the help of kind people, I applied for money. I was even able to secure a camp site for the programme.

But on the first day of camp, in spite of my careful planning, things did not go the way I had hoped. Hector and Adrian exchanged blows with their racquets (球拍). Hector struggled to his feet moments later, covering a bloody nose with one hand. Georgie and Eduardo threw balls at each other. Then during the reading time, I raced from joyless child to demanding child, unable to convince even one to open a book. They would rather be watching Nickelodeon at home, Mylea told me, than “learning stupid tennis and reading boring books”．

That evening, exhausted as I was, I called my volunteers together for a meeting, and redesigned the entire curriculum. We created a good fellow system, where each volunteer paired with a camper to help him or her during reading time. To emphasize praise and progress, we established weekly prize ceremonies, presenting awards for most improved reading, tennis and behavior.

In the following days, with the chaos and the schedule changes and the meetings, these children, once in bad mood during reading time, untouched books in their laps, began to find joy in reading a story and playing tennis.

One day, Mylea shut the book and asked me, “Can I take this to read it to my mom tonight？” Looking up at her eager face, I couldn't help myself. I jumped to my feet and wrapped her in a hug, lifting her right off the ground.“It's all yours！” I overjoyed.

24．What can we learn from paragraph 1?

A．The author was a teacher of a high school.

B．Volunteers from local schools donated a lot of money.

C．Local schools invited the author to plan a reading camp.

D．The author made good preparations for the programme.

25．Which can be used to describe the first day of the camp?

A．Successful.　　　　　 B．Messy.

C．Smooth.   D．Boring.

26．How did the author adjust the programme?

A．By replacing the books with tennis.

B．By helping and inspiring the campers.

C．By calling on the children to work hard.

D．By emphasizing the importance of reading.

27．What is the passage mainly about?

A．A proposal of being volunteers.

B．An improvement of the teaching facilities.

C．A survey on how to help kids overcome difficulties.

D．An experience of introducing reading and tennis to kids.

C

High on the top of California's White Mountains, the hard conditions make it difficult for life to take root. But for a certain type of tree—and for those who have travelled here to study it—this place is a perfect place.

These bristlecone pines are the oldest individual trees in the world. Researchers like Andy Bunn have come to learn from the ancients. “It's remarkable to sit here and have your hand on one of these trees and know that it was growing when the Pyramids were built.” Bunn added.

“By studying samples (样本) from the trunks, it's possible to discover their hidden history. Each annual tree ring is like a time capsule of the environment for that year from which it was formed，” said Matt Salzer, a scientist at the University of Arizona's Laboratory of Tree Ring Research. “And it contains many different types of information—chemical information, the information on growth, and climate information.”

“If you're trying to look at people in the past through time, tree rings give you a way to do it in a way that makes sense in a human life，” said University of Arizona Professor Charlotte Pearson. She first became fascinated with the bristlecones after reading about an ancient volcanic eruption on the Greek island of Santorini. “It__blew__my__mind that trees on the other side of the world could possibly be used to date this thing within a single year，” she said excitedly.

The oldest known living bristlecone is estimated to be over 4，800 years old. For Bunn, the climate record written in the rings offers guidance for how we might think about what's happening in the present as we plan for the future. “What we're seeing increasingly is that a lot of the climate events that we are experiencing and living through right now have no example in the paleoclimate (古气候) record，” he said. “So, we really are moving into unknown field.”

28．Why does Bunn mention the Pyramids in paragraph 2?

A．To state the trees' age is very old.

B．To prove his discovery is important.

C．To attract readers' attention.

D．To stress the hard living condition of the trees.

29．What's the third paragraph mainly about?

A．The result of the research.

B．The process of the research.

C．The method of the research.

D．The significance of the research.

30．What do the underlined words “It blew my mind” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．It confused me.

B．It surprised me.

C．It defeated me.

D．It disappointed me.

31．What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Paleoclimate record is hard to find.

B．There are lots of unknown things about pines.

C．Studying the tree rings is important for climate research.

D．There were frequent occurrences of the extreme climate events.

D

Many employees these days eat lunch at their desks, because it seems like a harmless way to cram (填塞) more work into the day.

They might not be so casual about it if they knew the habit was helping them pack on extra pounds. A study in the February issue of the Journal of Clinical Nutrition found people who ate while distracted ate more, and felt less full after lunch, than those who focused on eating.

Researchers served a nine­item lunch to 44 participants who were split into two groups. One group was asked to eat lunch while playing a computer game of solitaire (纸牌). The second group ate lunch without distractions.

The participants who were distracted by the game felt less full after lunch, according to the study, led by Rose Cooper, a researcher in experimental psychology at the University of Bristol. Even 30 minutes later, the solitaire­players gobbled down (狼吞虎咽) more snacks when they were offered, compared to those who had focused on eating.Worse yet, when researchers asked the participants to remember what they had eaten for lunch, those who had been playing solitaire had a much harder time remembering what they had consumed.

“The findings may help to explain the well­documented connection between sedentary (久坐的)screen­time activities and overweight，” the study says. In addition to crowding out physical exercise, working or playing games on a computer may also cause us to gobble down larger amounts of food without thinking about it or even remembering that we have eaten.

The findings hold true for me. If I make the mistake of putting a bag of chips or a box of crackers on my desk at deadline time, I often pack in the whole thing without even realizing it. If multitasking makes our minds wander from the tasks we think we are getting done, as we have posted in the past, then why should eating be any exception?

32．How did the participants with distractions react after lunch in the experiment?

A．They felt full enough.

B．They consumed more snacks.

C．They did sports to lose weight.

D．They forgot all about the nine items.

33．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Video games should be forbidden during the work hours.

B．The group focusing on eating do better work than the other.

C．Eating in the office is harmful to the work of the employees.

D．It's easier for those focusing on eating to list what they eat.

34．What may eating with distractions cause?

A．Low efficiency.   B．Laziness.

C．Fatness.   D．Absent­mindedness.

35．What's the author's attitude towards the result of the study?

A．Objective.   B．Negative.

C．Doubtful.   D．Favorable.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

When you garden, you get sunshine, fresh air and exercise. 36.________  If you do not have enough space, time or money for a large garden, you can try little container gardens.

Pick the right plants. In your containers, you can control the soil and the amount of water, but not the sunlight. 37.________  Avoid plants that need deep soil. For example, potatoes and carrots are not suitable for container gardening since they need deep soil to grow well.

38．________  This saves room and some plants may grow better when paired with another plant. However, not all plants grow well together. Some plants have very different water and soil needs. Also, do not grow plants in the same pot if they compete for the same nutrients.

Protect the plants from wind. Wind can damage parts of the plants. It can also dry them out. Choose a location for your garden that has shelter from a building or make your own wind protection. 39.________

Water your plants regularly and put the water directly on the soil. It is best to water early in the morning. If you can't water the plants in the morning, water them in the late afternoon or early evening. 40.________  The water may dry up too fast and water droplets on leaves can burn them.

A．Get the right type of soil.

B．Grow different plants in the same pot.

C．Find out which plants can grow in the light conditions you have.

D．Try not to water the plants during the hottest part of the day.

E．Working with soil and plants can bring health benefits, too.

F．Gardening can also produce healthy fruits and vegetables for your family.

G．Or grouping plants together can protect your plants from being blown off.

第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Returning home from a fortnight's holiday, we noticed there had been a lot of rain in our area. As I was checking out some pole holes that my husband, Peter, had__41__， I noticed that they were a quarter __42__ with rain. I was surprised to see that a little hedgehog (刺猬) had __43__ into one of them.

I am still amazed that he did not __44__. Peter put some gloves on, reached in and pulled the __45____ thing out. It was quite __46__ in the evening so we put him on a __47__ to keep warm and gave him some vegetables. The next morning when Peter went out to __48__ the hedgehog, he was nowhere to be seen.

We didn't see him again until six months later. It was about 8 p．m. when I heard a(n) __49__ sound and light knocking at the front door. I opened the door, and to my __50__， there was the hedgehog.

I had read somewhere that hedgehogs carry worms so I tried to __51__ him out. I didn't want him to __52__ on my carpet. The children, on the other hand, were quite __53__ because the hedgehogs rolled up into a __54__ when they touched him. After sticking around for a few minutes, he slipped off. I came to the __55__ that he had come in to thank us for saving him.

41．A.dug   B．found

C．torn   D．cut

42．A.low   B．high

C．wide   D．full

43．A.slept   B．swum

C．fallen   D．hidden

44．A.float   B．drown

C．escape   D．fear

45．A.poor   B．heavy

C．dirty   D．terrible

46．A.hot   B．cold

C．frightening   D．comfortable

47．A.wood   B．table

C．blanket   D．bag

48．A.pick up   B．check on

C．take out   D．send away

49．A.unusual   B．rude

C．impossible   D．sharp

50．A.confusion   B．comfort

C．surprise   D．disappointment

51．A.carry   B．lead

C．show   D．drive

52．A.lie   B．walk

C．jump   D．stand

53．A.excited   B．nervous

C．calm   D．concerned

54．A.pile   B．box

C．ball   D．pole

55．A.condition   B．argument

C．question   D．conclusion

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Poor environment is connected with poor health. Now a new public­health 56.____________(tend) is becoming apparent: Making indoor air cleaner.

Let's take schools for example. Across Denmark, France, and Sweden, researchers found that indoor­air quality in 66% of classrooms fell short 57.____________ healthy standards. Outdoor­air pollution can get inside buildings—childhood 58.____________ (expose) can affect their physical development and academic performance, and cause cancer.

The problem extends well beyond classrooms. Many people spend more than 90% of their time 59.____________ (stay) indoors. Spaces in buildings with poor air may cause a range of diseases—headaches, shortness of breath, coughs and discomfort of eye, nose, throat and skin. Poor air 60.____________(blame) for decreased productivity in the past few years.

COVID­19 has brought a new urgency to the matter 61.____________(great). More investment would be well spent. Better indoor air improves academic development—math 62.____________ reading scores go up. Meanwhile pupils are 63.____________(attentive) in class. Poor air indoors is the 64.____________(forget) part when people improved public health. COVID­19 should lead policymakers to focus on the problem, 65.____________ is of great importance for people's well­being.

第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

你校英文报正为寒假特刊征文。请你以“How to Stay Healthy During Winter Vacation”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

1．合理作息；

2．健康饮食。

注意：词数80左右。

How to Stay Healthy During Winter Vacation

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

第二节(满分25 分)

阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was four weeks before New Year, and our youth group wanted to do something together as a New Year project for our community. The concept was great, but none of us seventeen­year­olds had any idea what to do.

“Maybe we could have a food drive to help the homeless，” John suggested at our Sunday night meeting. “But we have done that many times，” answered Brian with a frown.

Ten minutes passed without any proposal good enough to win our hearts. Finally I decided to speak. “Why don't we think about our project for a few days and then come back with three or four suggestions we can vote on？” Everyone agreed to wait a week before deciding.

I knew time was running out to get something going before New Year, but I had no clue what we should do. During the following week, one idea after another ran through my mind, but I was still indecisive.

Thursday after school, I wandered into the kitchen as my dad prepared for dinner. Sensing my uneasiness, he asked what troubled me without even looking up. “Well...it...” I let out a long breath. “Our youth group wants to do something for New Year, but we don't know what to do...”

“Hmm.” My dad spoke out loud. “There's a seniors' home I've worked with close to St. Joseph's Hospital. The residents don't get out much around New Year with the snow and ice. It might be an idea to take them out to see the New Year lights around here.”

I stood still for a few moments thinking of all the spectacular (绚丽的) New Year light displays in our neighborhood. To be honest, I never thought about that, but it might just work.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Next Sunday evening, our youth group met.____________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

On New Year's Day, the bus we rented arrived at the seniors' home in the snow._____________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

参考答案：

第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)

【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一款新型捕虫器。

                 A

21．B　

22．A　

23．B　

B

24．D　25．B　26B　27．D

C

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国西部的深山中生长的一种松树。这是全世界最长寿的树种，其中最老的那棵树的寿命已经超过四千八百年了。

28．A　29．D　30．B　31．C　

D

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一个日常生活中的常见现象，即员工们经常在工作或游戏时进食，由此而导致肥胖。

32．B　33．D　34．C35．D　解第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

36．F　解析：上文指出了在花园里种东西的好处，F项中的“produce healthy fruits and vegetables for your family”也是列举在花园里种东西的好处。因此F项符合文意，承接上文。

37．C　解析：根据本段的主题句“Pick the right plants.”可知，本段主要建议在花园种植时选择合适的植物。再根据空处上文可知，空处为我们应该根据自家的光照条件选择植物。

38．B　解析：空处是段落主题句。根据下文“This saves room and some plants may grow better when paired with another plant.”可知，此处建议尝试将不同的植物搭配种植。

39．G　解析：根据本段主题句“Protect the plants from wind.”可知，本段主要是讲防风的办法。G项中的“being blown off”符合段意，因此G项符合语境，承接上文。

40．D　解析：根据上下文可推知，此处建议大家浇水的时间是早上或傍晚，所以设空处应该是提醒不要在太热的时间段给植物浇水。

第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了一只被拯救的刺猬回来向施救者表示感谢的故事。

A　解析：根据前面的“pole holes”可知，应是作者丈夫挖(dug)的洞。

D　解析：根据上文中的“we noticed there had been a lot of rain in our area”可知，作者注意到洞里充满(full)雨水。

C　解析：根据空格前面的“I was surprised to see that a little hedgehog”可知，一只小刺猬掉进(fall)了洞里。

B　解析：根据前面的 amazed 可知，这个小刺猬没有被淹死(drown)，这让作者感到惊讶。

A　解析：刺猬掉进有水的洞里面，当然是一个可怜的(poor)家伙。

B　解析：根据句意可知，天气是比较冷(cold)的，我们把刺猬放到毛毯(blanket)上保暖。

C　解析：参见上题解析。

B　解析：根据后面的“he was nowhere to be seen”可知，这个小刺猬已经不见了，因此说明彼得出去查看(check on)了刺猬。

A　解析：根据后面的“sound and light knocking at the front door”可知，作者听到不寻常的(unusual)声音。

C　解析：根据后面的“there was the hedgehog”可知，作者发现是那只小刺猬，这让作者感到惊讶(surprise)。

D　解析：根据前面的“I had read somewhere that hedgehogs carry worms”可知，作者听说过刺猬会携带寄生虫， 因此想赶(drive)它走。

B　解析：根据后面的“on my carpet”可知，作者不想让它在地毯上走(walk)。

A　解析：根据后面的“because the hedgehogs rolled up into a ______ when they touched him”可知，另一方面，孩子们非常兴奋(excited)，因为他们一碰刺猬，它就会卷成一个球(ball)。

C　解析：参见上题解析。

D　解析：根据后面的“that he had come in to thank us for saving him”可知，作者得出结论(conclusion)，它是来感谢他们救了它。

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

【解题导语】　本文介绍了在改善公共卫生方面，室内空气质量并没有引起太多注意，但实际上室内空气质量的好坏影响着人们的身心健康。

56．tendency　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入名词作主语，由冠词a可知，此处用单数名词。

57．of　解析：考查介词。短语fall short of意为“达不到”，符合句意。

58．exposure　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少名词作主语，名词exposure意为“暴露、接触”时，为不可数名词。

59．staying　解析：考查非谓语动词。spend (some time) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“花费(时间)做某事”。

60．has been blamed　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，提示词为句子谓语动词，根据句中的时间状语“in the past few years”可知，此处需用现在完成时，动词blame与主语Poor air之间是动宾关系，因此用被动语态。

61．greatly　解析：考查副词。分析句子可知，设空处修饰动词brought，应用副词形式。

62．and　解析：考查连词。句中的math和reading为并列成分，都是学科，因此用连词and连接。

63．more attentive　解析：考查形容词比较级。根据前一句中的Better和本句句意可知，此处需用形容词的比较级。

64．forgotten　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少定语修饰名词part，动词forget与被修饰的part之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式作定语。

65．which　解析：考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，在从句中作主语，因此用which引导。

第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

_

One possible version：

Next Sunday evening, our youth group met. My fellows put forward several suggestions and I also contributed Dad's idea for discussion. To my pleasant surprise, the New Year lights tour won their hearts. We called the seniors' home and they were thrilled about our proposal. The following weeks, we were busy lining up everything for the tour, including the bus to drive the seniors along the planned route.

On New Year's Day, the bus we rented arrived at the seniors' home in the snow. Despite the cold, the snow added a magical white blanket to the neighborhood. All residents slowly found seats on the bus and the tour began. The spectacular light displays lit up their faces and I even saw some eyes filling up. Returning to the seniors' home, they couldn't stop talking about all they'd seen and thanked us again and again. Looking at their excited and grateful faces, we'd never felt warmer.