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2022-2023学年广东省广州市越秀区执信中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年广东省广州市越秀区执信中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共30页。试卷主要包含了听力，单项选择，阅读理解，完形填空，单词拼写，短语填空，单句语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年度第一学期
高一级英语科期中考试卷
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分, 共12页, 满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
第一部分选择题(共85分)
一、听力(共2节, 满分15分)
第一节 听力理解(共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分)
请听下面4段材料, 每段材料后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料, 回答第1至2题。
1. How did the man feel at first?
A. Sorry. B. Annoyed. C. Excited.
2. What will the man do next?
A. Waiting outside. B. Buying the woman a dress. C. Looking at the new fashions.
听第2段材料, 回答第3至4题。
3. How much did the man pay for the item?
A. $80. B. $60. C. $55.
4. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. Buy her a hat B. Lend her some money. C. Bargain with a salesman.
听第3 段材料, 回答第5至7题。
5. What’s the problem for the speakers?
A They’re lost. B. Their car broke down. C. They’re about to rum out of gas.
6. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Call a truck. B. Keep driving. C. Turn around.
7. What does the man imply at the end?
A. They are very lucky. B. The gas station is closed. C. He needs to make a phone call.
听第4段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. The plan for a holiday.
B. Some activities at the hotel.
C. The services offered by the hotel.
9. When can customers have breakfast?
A At 7:20. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:40.
10. Where can customers go swimming?
A. On the seventh floor. B. On the sixth floor. C. Behind the hotel.
第二节 获取信息(共5小题, 每小题1分, 满分5分)
听下面1段独白。请根据题目要求, 从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息, 每空不超过三个词。录音播放两遍。(请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中)
Small Talk
Definition: Short conversations people often have with 11. ________they meet.
Benefits:
A good way for people to say hello and express 12. ________
Topics:
Weather, customer service, movies, TV shows, 13. ________or latest news;
Private questions about salaries, 14. ________religious beliefs and politics should be avoided.
Questions:
It’s better to ask open-ended questions;
Show that you’re interested in them; people feel more 15. ________ talking with you.
二、单项选择(共15小题, 每小题1分, 满分15分)
1. The ________look of the people in the earthquake left a deep impression ________the audience.
A. frightening; to B. frightened; on
C. frightened; with D. frightening; of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：地震中人们惊恐的表情给观众留下了深刻的印象。-ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人，如果修饰物，通常是表示人特征的事物，如外貌(appearance),哭声(cry),表情(face, look), 声音(voice),情绪（mood）；-ing结尾的形容词通常修饰事物，如果修饰人，则表示该人会使其他人产生相应的情感。根据语境可知，第一空修饰人的表情，且是体现人的感情，应用形容词frightened“惊恐的”；第二空为固定短语leave an impression on sb“给某人留下印象”。故选B项。
2. The millionaire looked forward to ________ his old house in his hometown, but when he arrived, he found his hometown much ________.
A find; change B. finding; changing
C. found; changed D. finding; changed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词和过去分词。句意：那个百万富翁盼望着在家乡找到他的老房子，但当他到达时，他发现他的家乡变了很多。根据“but when he arrived”可知，此处是指盼望着在家乡找到他的老房子，look forward to doing意为“盼望做某事”，为固定搭配，所以应用动名词作宾语。动词change意为“改变”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语hometown构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选D。
3. I believe I can exchange my ideas ________new friends and live a wonderful life ________campus.
A. for, in B. with, in C. with, on D. for, on
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我相信我可以与新朋友交流我的想法，过一个美好的校园生活。exchange sth. with sb.“与某人交流想法”，是固定短语，on campus“在校园里”是固定短语，根据句意，故选C。
4. ________we don’t achieve success, we should compare failure ________the mother of success.
A. Even if; with B. Even if; to C. Even though; as D. As if; with
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句和动词短语。句意：即使我们没有成功，我们也应该吧失败比作成功之母。分析句子结构和意思可知，两个小分句之间是转折的关系，要用引导让步状语从句的连词even if/though，表示“即使，尽管”的意思；第二个空考查动词短语compare...to，表示“把……比作”的意思。故选B。
5. ________during our sports meeting ________we had a good time with our classmates.
A. That was; when B. It was; when
C. That was; that D. It was; that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是在运动会期间，我们和班级同学玩得很高兴。根据句意句所给句子可知，此处为强调句，强调时间状语从句“during our sports meeting”，强调句的句式为“it is/was+被强调部分+that+其他”。故选D。
6. In the middle of the Zhixin Pond ________several ducks.
A. swim B. swims C. is swimming D. swimming
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在知心潭中央，几只鸭子在游泳。分析句子可知，这里是倒装结构形式，本句把状语In the middle of the Zhixin Pond 提前放句首，而本句的主语是several ducks，是名词复数，本空应填谓语动词，也用复数形式，结合选项可知，这里应填一般现在时。故选A项。
7. The number of people who own a car ________in the past 10 years.
A. increase B. increased C. has increased D. increases
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去10年里，拥有汽车的人数有所增加。空处应填谓语动词的形式，由时间状语in the past 10 years可知应用现在完成时，句子主语为The number，谓语动词应用单数形式。故选C项。
8. During the lockdown of the city, they ________the community rather than ________the city.
A. pefered to serve; leaving B. preferred to serve; leave
C. prefered serving; leaving D. preferred serving; leave
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：在封锁期间，他们更愿意为社区服务，而不是离开城市。分析句子可知，空处涉及固定句型prefer to do rather than do，表示“宁愿做……而不愿……”。故选B项。
9. The school adviser recommended he ________the lost time.
A. made of B. can make it C. making up D. make up for
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析和虚拟语气。句意：学校顾问建议他弥补损失的时间。A. made of理解，看待；B. can make it能够成功；C. making up组成，编造，化妆；D. make up for弥补。recommend后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分为（should）+动词原形，结合句意可知，此处指“弥补”损失的时间，make up for符合题意。故选D。
10. The whole class debated ________for the class uniform.
A. on what color they should choose
B. what color should they choose
C. about what color they to choose
D. what color should to choose
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词搭配和宾语从句语序。句意：整个班级就班服应该选什么颜色展开辩论。分析句意可知，此处debate的结构为debate on sth.“就……展开辩论”，而关系代词what引导宾语从句，宾语从句应该使用陈述语序，即主谓宾的结构，选项A的debate on后接正常语序宾语从句，符合语法要求。故选A项。
11. He was late again, ________made the teacher ________.
A. who; annoying B. which; annoyed
C. that; annoying D. that; annoyed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和形容词。句意：他再次迟到，这让老师很恼火。A. who谁；annoying令人恼火的；B. which这；annoyed恼火的；C. that那个，可以连接从句；annoying令人恼火的；D. that那个，可以连接从句；annoyed恼火的。由语意可知，此处考查非限制性定语从句，指代前文所指整个事件，即他再次迟到，故应用which引导非限制性定语从句；而他再次迟到，让老师感到恼火，故应用-ed结尾形容词annoyed。故选B项。
12. Frank, rather than his two sisters, ________London next morning by train which ________at 8:30.
A. is leaving to; will leave B. are leaving to; leaves
C. is leaving for, leaves D. will leave for, will leave
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：Frank，而不是他的两个姐妹，将乘坐明天早上8点半开出的火车去伦敦。根据句意以及“next morning”可知，第一个空应用现在进行时表将来，表示已经计划好的动作，主语是Frank，谓语动词用第三人称单数；动词短语leave for意为“出发前往……”符合句意，所以第一空填is leaving for；第二空在定语从句“which ________at 8:30”中作谓语动词，应用一般现在时表将来（按照具体时刻表要发生的动作用一般现在时态表将来，常用于交通工具的运行），which在定语从句中作主语，指代先行词train，谓语动词用单数，所以第二空填leaves。故选C。
13. After listening to the teacher’s instructions, I found the problem easy ________.
A. to be worked out B. working on
C. to work out D. to work
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式主动表被动。句意：听了老师的指导之后，我发现问题很容易解开。分析句子可知，found为句子的谓语，动词短语要使用其非谓语形式。work out意为“可以解决，计算出”，work on意为“从事于”，work意为“工作”，应该是“解决问题”，要用work out，在动词+宾语+表示“难，易，轻，重，合适”等形容词+不定式时，用主动形式表被动含义，故应使用to work out。故选C项。
14. Tu Youyou has ________traditional Chinese medical science.
A. applied to study B. been applied to study
C. been applied herself to study D. been applying herself to studying
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦一直致力于中医研究。结合句意，表示“致力于……”用apply oneself to…，此处谓语应该用主动语态，且to是介词，后面跟动词需用动名词形式作宾语。故选D项。
15. My eldest son, ________work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
A. whose B. his C. which D. who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的大儿子现在在纽约，他的工作使他走遍了世界各地。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句work前缺少定语，先行词为My eldest son，故用whose，表示“我儿子的”。故选A项。
三、阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读补全。根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余项。
A
There are about 100 beaches around the Sydney Harbor and along the coast. If you find it hard to pick the best destination, here are four waiting for you.
Freshwater Beach
Freshwater Beach is the location where surfing was first introduced to Australia in 1915. The beach is only 350 meters long and is a popular destination for surfers. The beach is protected and therefore provides a quiet swimming experience away from the hustle and bustle of its busy neighboring beaches.
Bondi Beach
Bondi Beach, Australia’s most famous beach, is more than 100 meters wide and over 3 kilometers long, which allows plenty of space for the large number of tourists and locals. On a sunny day every grain of sand is covered with bodies, with crowds pouring into nearby bars and cafes. Parking near the beach is impossible. It’s also the perfect spot to see a sunset and the scene of family parties during summer.
Clovelly Beach
As one of the best options for surfing and exploring what hides beneath the water’s surface, Clovelly, noted for its unique narrow bay between two rocky ridges, is a popular destination for swimmers. It’s a good base where you can check out diving routes through the waters, or take a coastal walk to Bondi.
Palm Beach
It’s the scene of the long-running Home and Away TV series and endless celebrity spotting. A salt water lake affords great views, typical of beaches on the north side of the harbor. On a nice day, Palm Beach is a postcard-perfect sand destination.
16. What do Freshwater Beach and Clovelly Beach have in common?
A. They both have free training services. B. They are both suitable for swimming.
C. They are both the birthplaces of surfing. D. They both provide underwater exploration.
17. What can tourists do at Bondi Beach?
A. Have a sunbathing. B. Hold a live concert.
C. Park their cars at will. D. Enjoy a sunrise watching.
18. Where are you most likely to see TV show shooting?
A. Freshwater Beach. B. Bondi Beach. C. Clovelly Beach. D. Palm Beach.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了悉尼港周围和沿海岸的四个沙滩的情况。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The beach is protected and therefore provides a quiet swimming experience away from the hustle and bustle of its busy neighboring beaches.(海滩受到保护，因此提供了一个安静的游泳体验，远离它的繁忙的邻近海滩的喧嚣)”以及倒数第二段中“As one of the best options for surfing and exploring what hides beneath the water’s surface, Clovelly, noted for its unique narrow bay between two rocky ridges, is a popular destination for swimmers.(作为冲浪和探索隐藏在水面下的东西的最佳选择之一，克洛夫利以其两个岩石山脊之间独特的狭窄海湾而闻名，是游泳者的热门目的地)”可知，淡水滩和克洛夫利滩的共同之处是都适合游泳。故选B。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Bondi Beach, Australia’s most famous beach, is more than 100 meters wide and over 3 kilometers long, which allows plenty of space for the large number of tourists and locals. On a sunny day every grain of sand is covered with bodies, with crowds pouring into nearby bars and cafes.(邦迪海滩是澳大利亚最著名的海滩，100多米宽，3公里多长，为大量的游客和当地人提供了充足的空间。在阳光明媚的日子里，每一粒沙子上都是人，人群涌入附近的酒吧和咖啡馆)”可知，游客在邦迪海滩可以享受日光浴。故选A。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s the scene of the long-running Home and Away TV series and endless celebrity spotting.(这是长时间播出的电视连续剧《聚散离合》的场景，也是无数名人围观的场景)”可知，你最可能在Palm Beach看到电视剧拍摄。故选D。
B
In 1969, watching the landing of Apollo 11 on the Moon on TV from his parents’ farm in Canada, Chris Hadfield was amazed and excited. On that day, at only nine years old, Chris made the most important decision of his life: He was going to be an astronaut.
There wasn’t even a training program in Canada to become an astronaut; but Chris was determined. He spent a great deal of time studying and fixing engines. After school he joined the Canadian army where he learned to fly many different types of planes. Chris did a lot of research for the National Aeronautics and Space Admmistration (NASA) in the United States and had special training. Finally, in 1995 he rode his first rocket into space.
Chris became the first Canadian astronaut to walk in spare, and went on a number of space missions throughout his carcer. The most memorable was his five-month stay on the International Space Station (ISS) as commander, between December 2012 and May 2013. He posted on social media thousands of photos of Earth and videos of himself explaining how things work in zero gravity. His followers could watch him sleeping, brushing his teeth, washing his hands, or preparing “space” snacks in zero gravity, which turned him into a social media phenomenon.
Today, Chris travels the world giving talks about his work. He once said, “Decide in your heart of hearts what really excites and challenges you, and start moving your life in that direction. Every decision you make, from what you eat to what you do with your time tonight, turns you into who you are tomorrow. Look at who you want to be, and stan sculpting yourself into that person. You may not get exactly where you thought you’d be, but you will be doing things that suit you in a profession you believe in. Don’t let life randomly kick you into the adult you don’t want to become.”
19. What led Chris to make up his mind to be an astronaut?
A. The life on his parents’ farm.
B. His ability to fly various planes.
C. Apollo 11’s landing on the Moon.
D. His passion for studying engines.
20. What made Chris popular in the media?
A The space tasks he conducted in his life.
B. The pictures and videos he posted online.
C. His inspiring talks about his work around the world.
D. His great contributions to Canada’s space industry.
21. What can we learn from Chris’ words in the last paragraph?
A. Courage is what it takes to overcome difficulties.
B. Opportunities go hand in hand with challenges.
C. From small beginnings coms, treat endings.
D. The key to success lies in the firm aim.
22. Which of the following best describes Chris?
A. Strong-willed and hardworking.
B. Adventurous and outgoing.
C. Optimistic and responsible.
D. Smart and knowledgeable.
【答案】19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了加拿大航天员Chris Hadfield小时候看到阿波罗11号登录月球后，励志成为一名宇航员的故事。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段“In 1969, watching the landing of Apollo 11 on the Moon on TV from his parents’farm in Canada, Chris Hadfield was amazed and excited. On that day, at only nine years old, Chris made the most important decision of his life: He was going to be an astronaut. (1969年，克里斯·哈德菲尔德在加拿大父母的农场里通过电视观看阿波罗11号登陆月球，他既惊讶又兴奋。在那一天，只有九岁的克里斯做出了他一生中最重要的决定：他要成为一名宇航员。)”可知，通过电视观看阿波罗11号登陆月球使克里斯下定决心成为一名宇航员。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“He posted on social media thousands of photos of Earth and videos of himself explaining how things work in zero gravity. His followers could watch him sleeping, brushing his teeth, washing his hands, or preparing “space” snacks in zero gravity, which turned him into a social media phenomenon. (他在社交媒体上发布了数千张地球的照片和自己的视频，解释了在零重力下事物是如何工作的。他的粉丝们可以看到他在零重力下睡觉、刷牙、洗手或准备“太空”零食，这让他成为了社交媒体达人。)”可知，克里斯上传到网上的照片和视频使克里斯在媒体中很受欢迎。故选B。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Decide in your heart of hearts what really excites and challenges you, and start moving your life in that direction.(从内心深处决定什么能真正让你兴奋和挑战你，然后开始朝着那个方向前进。)”及末句“Don’t let life randomly kick you into the adult you don’t want to become.(不要让生活随意地把你踢进你不想成为的成年人。)”可知，从克里斯的话中，我们可以知道，想要成功，一定要坚持自己的目标。故选D。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一二句“There wasn’t even a training program in Canada to become an astronaut; but Chris was determined. He spent a great deal of time studying and fixing engines. (在加拿大甚至没有成为宇航员的培训项目；但克里斯下定了决心。他花了大量时间研究和修理发动机。)”可知，克里斯意志坚定而且工作勤奋。故选A。
C
As a hockey (冰球) parent, while watching my son play from Mite to Bantam, House League to Travel, I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids.
In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. It was a typically good youth hockey season. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.
However, what happened the next year added its story to the legends of sporting incompetence. Not merely weak but prettily bad, this team lost 40 of their first 50 games, most of the defeats coming in the course of two losing streaks (连败). For a time, I worried that these failures would kill my child’s love of the game.
But that’s not what happened. As bad as it got, the losing was clarifying. It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving behind those with a real passion for the sport. What started as a list of 17 of the team was cut down to 12. It was especially educational for the kids. It taught them a great truth of the world: For everyone good, there is someone better.
What’s more, the kids were learning the game in a way that only losing can teach. Each player got to play everywhere, to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice. They kept an eye on their opponents too, studying the secret of their good performance. In an effort to break the streak, they went back to basics, accepted the wisdom of the hockey ancients: If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the goal.
This new team had character and could never be counted out, no matter the score. They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime (加时赛). When they narrowly lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick- by losing.
23. What does the author think about the son’s team in the third season in 2019?
A. The team had a bad performance.
B. The team didn’t live up to the author’s expectations.
C. The team played typically well and won all the games.
D. The team didn’t help with players’ mental growth.
24. What does the underlined ward “clarify” refer to?
A. The losing made the kids better understand hockey.
B. The losing helped the kids learn a great truth of the world.
C. The losing separated true player from those playing for glory.
D. The losing boosted the kids teamwork.
25. What can be implied from the new team’s experience?
A. They valued teamwork and details in a game.
B. They kept their winning strategies a secret
C. They beat a team of all-star players.
D. They won the championship in the tournament
26. What is the writing purpose of the passage?
A. To offer some suggestions on getting over losing.
B. To explore the benefits of losing.
C. To describe a team’s road to success.
D. To make a comparison between winning and losing.
【答案】23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队员打曲棍球，他们从不断失败中学到了一些教训。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. It was a typically good youth hockey season. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person. (2019年是我儿子的第三个赛季，他所在的球队从未输过三场以上的比赛。这是一个典型的良好的青少年曲棍球赛季。有快乐，有自夸，有庆祝，有披萨。作为一名球员，他进步了，但作为一个人，他没有太大的改变)”可知2019年第三个赛季，作者儿子的球队很优秀，并没有体会到失败带给他们的影响，由此推断作者认为2019年第三个赛季作者儿子的球队没有帮助球员的心理成长，故选D。
【24题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线处下文“It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving behind those with a real passion for the sport.( 它淘汰了那些为了荣誉而不是为了比赛的孩子，留下了那些真正热爱这项运动的人) ”可知虽然孩子的球队比赛失败，但是失败让一切变得明朗了，因为淘汰了那些为了荣誉而不是为了比赛的孩子，可推断clarify指代下文的内容，即失败将真正的球员与那些为荣誉而战的球员区分开来。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the goal. (如果像一个团队一样打球，他们可以击败一群全明星；如果他们把不受重视小任务做得好，他们就能达到目标)”可知新团队的经验可以暗示他们重视比赛中的团队合作和细节，故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids(我明白了，失败对孩子来说可能是最好的)”和最后一段“They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime (加时赛). When they narrowly lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick- by losing.( 他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输而不被打败。他们险胜进入州锦标赛，一路杀入决赛，最终在加时赛中决出胜负。当他们以微弱的劣势输掉那场比赛，进入握手行列的时候，他们不是以亚军的身份，而是以一支以唯一的方式成为赢家的球队——失败)”可知文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队员打曲棍球，他们从不断失败中学到了一些教训。因此写作的目的就是探索失败的好处，故选B。
D
Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working bard - he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night – but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually achieve much.
This phenomenon cam be seen in most colleges. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day and the students I used to see in there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. The roommate who looks through her chemistry notes on the couch while watching TV is pseudo-working. The guy who brings three meals, a blanket. and six-pack of Red Bull to the study zone in preparation for an all-day paper-writing marathon is also pseudo-working.
By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to achieve the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort.
The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work - it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. Ii never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students. on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it, and for good reason It not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring.
In fact, the most important skill in becoming a better student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a smallest amount of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit. So how do these students achieve this goal? To understand their way to success, consider the following simple formula(公式): work achieved = time spent * intensity of focus.
Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to achieve something by pseudo-working. You need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, increases intensity in order to use less time.
27. Which of the following phenomenon is pseudo-working?
A. Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture.
B. Mike is sitting at a study lounge in preparation for a final exam quietly.
C. Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music.
D. Alice and Sara are sitting on the couth reading their favorite books.
28. Compared with straight-A students, the major problem of most students is that they _____
A. want to spend more time on study.
B. are eager to follow their friends’ way.
C. have gotten used to their study approach.
D. are unaware of their pseudo-working.
29. What does the underlined word “optimal” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Possible.
B. Best.
C. Least.
D. Accurate.
30. Why does the author mention the formula in the text?
A. To show the benefit of working hard.
B. To prove the necessity of achieving work.
C. To emphasize the importance of concentration.
D. To explain the reason for spending much time.
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“伪学习”的一些表现和危害，并建议大家提高专注度，提高学习效率。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working bard - he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night - but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually achieve much. (伪学习者看起来和感觉上都像吟游诗人——他或她花很长时间在图书馆里，而且不怕工作到深夜——但是，由于缺乏专注力，他或她实际上并没有取得多大成就。)”可知，伪学习指的是看上去好像花了很长时间学习，但并没有真正把注意力集中在学习上。C项“杰克边听音乐边在图书馆写论文写了很长时间”与“伪学习”的定义相似。故选C项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working.(更大的问题是，大多数学生甚至没有意识到他们是在伪学习。)”可知，相比全A的学生，大多数学生都不知道自己在伪学习。故选D项。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit.(一些认知科学研究得出结论，大约50分钟是optimal学习时间，以最大限度地利用每一时间单位的材料。)”中的maximize“最大化”可知，对于学习来说，提高效率非常重要，为了效率的最大化，50分钟的时间应该是“最适合的”或者“最佳的”。B项“最佳的”符合文意。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“So how do these students achieve this goal? To understand their way to success, consider the following simple formula: work achieved = time spent * intensity of focus. (那么这些学生是如何实现这一目标的呢？要了解他们的成功之道，可以考虑下面这个简单的公式：完成的工作量等于花费的时间乘以专注的强度。)”和最后一段“Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to achieve something by pseudo-working. you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach. on the other hand, increases intensity in order to use less time.(伪学习的特点是聚焦强度很低。因此，通过伪学习来达到目的，你需要花很多时间。而全A学生的学习方法是增加聚焦强度以减少时间。)”可知，作者并不支持“伪学习”，作者更加支持通过减少时间增加专注度的方法，故推测作者列出公式是为了强调“专注强度”的重要性。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
阅读补全。根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余项。
How to keep fit
Nowadays, with the high pace of modern life, more and more people are in the state of sub-health (亚健康). A healthy body is very important to every one of us. The steps to good health aren’t complex. Here are some suggested ways.___31___
• Form good healthy habits. Better your healthy lifestyle by adopting a variety of healthy habits, including getting enough sleep. Sleep is one of the most important bodily functions to make cells healthy again.___32___Do your best to manage stress through healthy activities. Cutting down on alcohol use, quitting tobacco, and staying connected to friends and family members can also keep you healthier.
• Do exercise. I don’t know whether you discover that most of the ancient people are healthy.___33___It is approximately equal to doing exercise every day. If people want to be healthy, they had better do exercise frequently. As for what kind of exercise you should take, I would say just depending on yourselves. If you are a busy person and have no special time allocated to do these things, there are still some ways useful to keep fit. The easiest way is to walk to your office instead of taking a bus.
•___34___people in the modern society have many choices to pick food. What people pick the most is meat and high caloric (热量的) food. Those foods can easily make people get fat.___35___Therefore, keeping a good diet is necessary, which means eating more fruits and vegetables in the meat world. However, this doesn’t mean you have to completely give up your favorite foods. A healthy diet is all about balance.
A. Keep a good diet.
B. And then the health problem comes.
C. Realize the importance of keeping fit.
D. You should get at least six hours of sleep a night.
E. If you try, a life of good quality will be the reward.
F. The reason is that they have to do labor work every day.
G. It is said that keeping a good mood will lead to a good body.
【答案】31. E 32. D 33. F 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文就如何保持健康这一问题，给出了一些建议。
【31题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“The steps to good health aren’t complex. Here are some suggested ways.(健康的步骤并不复杂。这里有一些建议的方法)”可知，保持健康的方法并不复杂，如果我们努力的话，一定会有所回报。E项“如果你努力，高质量的生活将是回报”符合语境。故选E。
【32题详解】
根据上文“Sleep is one of the most important bodily functions to make cells healthy again. (睡眠是使细胞恢复健康的最重要的身体功能之一)”可知，睡眠对细胞恢复健康至关重要，由此可知，我们每天都需要充足的睡眠。D项“你应该每晚至少睡六个小时”符合语境。故选D。
【33题详解】
根据上文“I don’t know whether you discover that most of the ancient people are healthy.(我不知道你是否发现大多数古人都是健康的)”可知，古人大都是健康的。由此推知，空处陈述这种现象的原因。F项“原因就是他们每天不得不从事体力劳动”符合语境，且呼应本段主旨“Do exercise. (锻炼)”。故选F。
【34题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Therefore, keeping a good diet is necessary, which means eating more fruits and vegetables in the meat world. However, this doesn’t mean you have to completely give up your favorite foods. A healthy diet is all about balance.(因此，保持良好的饮食是必要的，这意味着在肉类世界中吃更多的水果和蔬菜。然而，这并不意味着你必须完全放弃你最喜欢的食物。健康的饮食就是平衡)”推知，本段建议人们吃健康的饮食。A项“保持良好的饮食”符合题意。故选A。
【35题详解】
根据上文“What people pick the most is meat and high caloric (热量的) food. Those foods can easily make people get fat.(人们最喜欢的是肉类和高热量食物。这些食物很容易使人发胖)”可知，现在人们通常喜欢高热量的食物。由此推知，空处陈述这种饮食带来的结果。B项“然后，健康问题就来了”符合语境。故选B。
四、完形填空(共20小题, 每小题1分, 满分20分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible____36____in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment (治疗), she____37____became healthy.
Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head - to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to____38____our local swim team. She practiced hard and finally____39____it. The team practice, ____40____, was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly____41____her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to____42____her from it all But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit____43____to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to ____44____and insisted she go.
From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t_____45_____a single practice. She had a _____46_____desire within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this_____47_____ human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of_____48_____of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a_____49_____-ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to_____50_____her friends and praise their good performance. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach _____51_____ “The highest honor goes to Cathy!" Looking around, be continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her_____52_____ and enthusiasm. _____53_____ skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset (财富) one can bold is the heart. "
It was the greatest_____54_____ of my daughter’s life. With all she had been_____55_____in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph (成功).
36. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness
37. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently
38. A. improve B. train C. join D. contact
39. A. increased B. found C. created D. made
40. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead
41. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste
42. A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire
43. A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free
44. A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up
45. A. attend B. miss C. ban D. start
46. A. rich B. weak C. strong D. kind
47. A. trusted B. determined C. experienced D. embarrassed
48. A. upset B. delight C. excitement D. surprise
49. A. beginner B. learner C. partner D. winner
50. A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after
51. A. admitting B. explaining C. announcing D. whispering
52. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom
53. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because
54. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment
55. A. through B. under C. across D. around
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A 41. B 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者的女儿凯茜在儿童时期患有疾病的情况下，十年坚持不断地练习游泳，虽然没有获得很高的荣誉，在这过程中，作者看到了凯茜成为一个坚定的人，且在一次比赛中，她的教练在颁奖典礼的时候赋予她最高的荣誉。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜小时候患了一种可怕的疾病。A. failure失败；B. pressure压力；C. loss损失；D. illness疾病。根据下文的 “After years of regular treatment (治疗)…” 可知，Cathy在童年的时候，得了可怕的疾病。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的定期治疗，她终于恢复了健康。A. usually通常；B. finally最后；C. firstly首先；D. frequently经常。根据上文的 “After years of regular treatment（治疗）…” 可知，她最后恢复健康了。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，她想参加我们当地的游泳队。A. improve提高；B. train训练；C. join参加；D. contact联系。根据下文中的 “She practiced hard and finally 4 it.” 可知，她想参加游泳队。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她努力练习，终于成功了。A. increased增加；B. found发现；C. created创造；D. made 使让，成功做成。根据上文中的 “She practiced hard” 可知，她努力训练的结果就是成功入队，make it 成功，故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，团队练习是一个艰难的开始。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. otherwise否则；D. instead代替。根据上文中的 “She practiced hard and finally 4 _it.” 和下文中的“…was a tough start”句意可知，与上文是转折关系。故选A项。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她咳嗽和喘不过气，几乎无法熬过头几周。 A. use使用；B. survive幸存、熬过；C. save拯救；节约；D. waste浪费。根据上文 “she coughed and choked” 可知，她几乎无法熬过头几周的艰苦训练。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上听到她痛苦地咳嗽，我决定把她从这一切中拉出来。A. pull拉；B. tell告诉，辨别；C. hide躲藏；D. fire解雇。根据上文中的 “Hearing her coughing bitterly one night” 可知，作者想阻止她的女儿继续训练下去，即：把她从这一切中拉出来，故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查语形容词词义辨析。句意：但是凯茜第二天一早就叫醒了我，穿着她的泳衣准备出发！A. afraid害怕的；B. nervous紧张的；C. ready准备好的；D. free免费的，自由的。根据上文中的 “But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit…” 可知，她穿着游泳衣做好准备出发去训练。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，在咳嗽了一整夜后，她不应该游泳，但她拒绝放弃并坚持要去。 A. take off脱下，起飞；开始流行；B. set off启程，引发；C. give up放弃；D. show up出现。根据下文中的 “Cathy kept swimming” 可知，凯茜拒绝放弃。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，凯茜一直在游泳，没有错过任何一次练习。A. attend参加；B. miss错过；C. ban禁止；D. start开始。根据上文中的 “From that day on, Cathy kept swimming…” 可知，Cathy一直在训练，没有错过一次训练。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她内心有一种强烈的愿望，想成为最好的自己。 A. rich富有的；B. weak虚弱的；C. strong强大的；D. kind好心的。根据上文 “From that day on, Cathy kept swimming…” 可知，凯茜意志力强大。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我十岁孩子在我眼前成长和变化，变成了一个充满激情和使命的、坚定的人。A. trusted被信任的；B. determined有决心的；C. experienced有经验的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文中的 “She had a 11 desire within herself to be the best she could be.” 可知，凯茜成为了一个意志坚定的人。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然也有沮丧的时刻：她通常是比赛中的最后一名游泳运动员。 A. upset困扰，麻烦；B. delight高兴；C. excitement兴奋；D. surprise惊讶。根据下文中的 “…often she would be the last swimmer in the race.” 可知，是指作者女儿也有失意的时候。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜很难接受她从来都不是赢家。 A. beginner初学者；B. learner学习者；C. partner伙伴；D. winner获胜者。根据上文中的 “…often she would be the last swimmer in the race” 可知，作者女儿经常是最后一名，要想获胜很难。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意： 凯茜没有期待任何奖项，但仍然在那里为她的朋友们加油，并赞扬她们的出色表现。A. cheer on向……欢呼，为……鼓劲加油；B. compete with和……竞争；C. respond to回答；D. run after追赶。根据下文中的 “…and praise their good performance” 可知，凯茜的表现给自己的队友带来了更多的鼓励，给她们加油助威。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当仪式接近尾声时，我突然听到主教练宣布“最高的荣誉属于凯茜！”。 A. admitting承认；B. explaining解释；C. announcing宣布；D. whispering低语，耳语。根据下文 “The highest honor goes to Cathy!” 可知，这是教练在宣布结果。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜用她的意志和热情激励着我们。 A. humor幽默；B. will意愿，意志力；C. honesty诚实；D. wisdom智慧。根据下文中的 “and enthusiasm.” 可知，与enthusiasm并列的应该是意志力。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然技能和才能带来巨大的成功，但一个人最宝贵的财富是强大的内心。A. Although虽然；B. Since自从；C. Once一旦；D. Because因为。根据下文中的“the most valuable asset(财富) one can hold is the heart.”句意可知，前后句子是让步转折关系。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是我女儿一生中最精彩的时刻。A. discovery发现；B. choice选择；C. influence影响；D. moment时刻。根据上文教练宣布的比赛奖励结果对比上文介绍凯西之前想成为一个获胜者都很难可知，这是女儿生活中最好的时刻。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在她十年中经历了的一切，这是真正胜利的时刻。 A. through通过（内部），经历；B. under在……下面；C. across穿过（表面）；D. around在……周围。在英语中表示经历的事情，通常使用的是through。故选A项。
第二部分非选择题(共60分＋5分背诵)
五、单词拼写(共15小题, 每小题1分, 共15分)
请用M1U3-U4所学的单词填空(按括号内的英文释义＋首字母或同根词写出单词的形式)
71-73题：请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式, 填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。
56. I want to s ________(to emphasize or give importance to a fact, an idea, etc. )that it is our duty to protect wildlife. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】stress##ress
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我想要强调的是，保护野生动物是我们的责任。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处意为“强调”，故应用动词stress，且此处为want to do sth.结构，为动词不定式作宾语，故填stress。
57. The president d ________(to give a talk or other official statement) a speech about schools last week. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】delivered##elivered
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：总统上周发表了关于学校的演讲。英语提示to give a talk or other official statement表示“发表演讲或其他官方声明”，结合首字母提示可知，空处应用动词deliver，表示“发表”，根据时间状语last week可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填delivered。
58. The government has announced a state of e________(a sudden serious and dangerous event or situation which needs immediate action) following the earthquake. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】emergency##mergency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府宣布在地震后进入紧急状态。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作宾语。根据括号中的内容和首字母提示，表示“紧急状况”用emergency，次奥抽象意义，不可数。故填emergency。
74-80题：根据括号内的单词填入单词同根词的正确形式。
59. Though he ________(failure) to win the first place in the track-and-field event, he is still the hero of the whole class. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】failed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：虽然他在田径比赛中没有获得第一名，但他仍然是全班的英雄。分析句子成分可知，本句为“Though”引导的让步状语从句，空处应为从句的谓语动词。结合句意，在比赛中没赢得第一名应为过去的事情，故用一般过去时。故填failed。
60. Our school held a ceremony to honour Zhu Zhixin, an ________(honour) revolutionist. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】honourable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们学校为尊敬的革命家朱志新举行了纪念仪式。分析句子结构可知，空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词revolutionist，honourable“尊敬的”符合句意。故填honourable。
61. Some people were beginning to doubt the ________(wise) of their leader’s decisions. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】wisdom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：一些人开始怀疑他们领导人决定是否明智。作宾语，应用名词wisdom，不可数。故填wisdom。
62. It is ________(shock) that they involved children in the crime. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】shocking
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：令人震惊的是，他们将儿童卷入了犯罪。根据句意和前文It is可知，此处应用以ing结尾的形容词shocking作表语，修饰事物。故填shocking。
63. Wearing ordinary business suits, the men simply lean how to walk ________(graceful) up and down the catwalk in front of the crowds. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】gracefully
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他们穿着普通的西装，只是学习如何在人群面前优雅地在T台上走来走去。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰walk动词。graceful为形容词，意为“优雅的”，副词为gracefully。故填gracefully。
64. The exercises are designed to ________(strength) your muscles. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】strengthen
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这些锻炼是为了加强你的肌肉。设空处接在不定式符号to后，应接动词原形，根据句意和提示词，故填strengthen。
65. Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly _____(compete) market.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】competitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：毕业生不得不在竞争激烈的市场中找工作。分析句子可知，设空处应用形容词修饰名词market，再结合句意“竞争激烈的”是competitive。故填competitive。
81-85题：根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。
66. Soldiers ________(埋葬) the dead in large graves after the war ended. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】buried
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：战争结束后，士兵们把死者埋葬在巨大的坟墓里。根据汉语提示可知，bury埋葬，动词，由after引导的时间状语从句可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填buried。
67. Ten fishermen were saved in a sea ________(营救). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】rescue
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：十名渔民在海上救援中获救。根据中文提示可知，表示“营救”应用rescue，为可数名词，且由空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应用名词的单数形式。故填rescue。
68. Amy’s voice is surprisingly ________(平静的, 镇静的). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】calm
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：艾米的声音出奇地平静。根据汉语提示“平静的，镇静的”，以及句子结构可知此处应填形容词calm作表语。故填calm。
69. At least 43 people have died and 91 have been ________(受伤)this year as a result of natural disasters.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】 injured
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今年，自然灾害造成至少43人死亡，91人受伤。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词injured“受伤的”作表语。故填injured。
70. People of the whole country fought against COVID-19 with courage and ________(决心). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】determination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：全国人民勇敢并坚决地抗击新冠肺炎。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“决心”对应的名词determination，作宾语，是不可数名词。故填determination。
六、短语填空(共10小题, 每小题1分, 共10分)
请用M1WU-4所学短语的适当形式填空
71. Lisa works through her lunch hour to ________(跟上) her work. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】keep up with##catch up with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：丽莎在午餐时间工作以跟上她的工作。分析句子结构可知，在不定式后面应该是动词，结合汉语提示，keep up with 或catch up with意为“跟上，赶上”符合句意。故填keep up with/catch up with。
72. Many companies are ________(遭受着) a shortage of skilled staff. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】suffering from
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：许多公司正遭受技术人员短缺的问题。根据汉语提示，空处应用动词短语suffer from，表示“遭受”，动词应用ing形式，与空前的are构成现在进行时，符合句意。故填suffering from。
73. It’s probably good for you to get some criticism ________(不时地). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】now and then/at times/now and again
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：不时地受点批评或许对你还有好处。 根据句意和汉语提示，应填now and then，at times ，now and again，固定短语，故填now and then。
74. Although what he said didn’t ________(有道理) at all, there were still some people in favour of his opinions. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】make sense
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和助动词用法。句意：虽然他说的话毫无道理，但还是有人赞成他的观点。表示“有道理”应用动词短语make sense。在助动词did后动词应用原形。故填make sense。
75. Doing sports regularly ________(对……有影响) our physical and mental health. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】has an effect on
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：经常做运动对我们的身心健康都有影响。此处表示经常性的动作，时态可以用一般现在时，根据汉语提示可知，表示“对……有影响”可用短语have an effect on，因为主语Doing sports是动名词短语，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填has an effect on。
76. A ceremony was held ________(为了纪念)those killed in battle. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】in memory of##in honor of##in honour of
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：为纪念阵亡将士举行了仪式。根据汉语提示，短语in memory of/in hono(u)r of符合题意，与空后的名词构成介宾短语，在句中作状语。故填in memory of/in hono(u)r of
77. It is a good test for us to show that we can regroup, show our ________(精神力量) and respond quickly. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】spirit
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这对我们来说是一个很好的考验，证明我们能够重新组合，展现我们的精神并迅速做出反应。根据汉语提示可知应填名词spirit，作宾语，不可数。故填spirit。
78. The house looked ________(似乎) it was about to fall down. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】as if##as though
【解析】
【详解】考查复合连接词。句意：房子看起来似乎要倒塌了。根据句子结构可知，表示“似乎”应用复合连接词as if或as though在系动词looked之后引导表语从句，表达虚拟语气。故填as if/as though。
79. ________(出于好奇), she followed him to see what he was going to do. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】Out of curiosity
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：出于好奇，她跟着他，想看看他要做什么。“出于好奇”为固定搭配，翻译为out of curiosity，放在句首时，out的首字母要大写。故填Out of curiosity。
80. Lawrence’s novel ________(被承认是) a work of genius worldwide. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】is acknowledged as
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：劳伦斯的小说被公认为全世界的天才之作。短语：be acknowledged as“被承认是……”，结合句意可知，此处叙述的为客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时；句子主语“Lawrence’s nove”为单数，所以be用is，故填is acknowledged as。
七、单句语法填空(共10小题, 每小题1分, 共10分)
按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空(正确形式可使用两个词或以上)。
81. Miss Kate has requested that the door to the classroom ________(leave) open. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】be left
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：凯特小姐要求让教室的门开着。分析句子结构可知，此处是request引导的宾语从句，表命令，请求，从句中应用虚拟语气句式，句式为：sb. request that sb. (should) do，其中should可省略，从句中主语door和leave之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态。故填be left。
82. They asked him to tell them everything ________he saw at the front. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们要他把在前线看到的一切都告诉他们。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为不定代词everything，指物，关系词在从句中作动词saw的宾语，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
83. Most students like reading this book because there are various ________(attract) stories. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】attractive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数学生喜欢读这本书，因为里面有各种吸引人的故事。结合句意及空后的名词stories可知，此处应填形容词attractive，作定语。故填attractive。
84. ________November 21, 2021, we held a ceremony to celebrate the100th anniversary of our school. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】On
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：2021年11月21日，我们举行了100周年校庆庆典。分析句子可知，此处应用介词；表示在具体的某一天，应用介词on，所以在2021年11月21日应为on November 21, 2021；句首第一个字母大写。故填On。
85. The exact year __________ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that/which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：安琪和她的家人在中国生活的确切时间是2008年。分析句子结构，“____Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008”是定语从句，先行词the exact year，在从句中做spent的宾语，因此用that或which引导定语从句。故填that /which。
86. Frank, together with his parents and sister, ________(spend) the summer among the mountains in two weeks.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】is spending
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致、动词时态。句意：弗兰克和他的父母、姐姐两周后要去山间避暑。分析句子成分，together with遵循就远原则，谓语动词要与离其最远的主语，即Frank，为第三人称；句末有时间状语in two weeks，意为“两周后”，为将来时，故谓语动词要用be doing表将来，表示已经计划好将来要做的事情。故填is spending。
87. Both students and their parents are waiting for the results of the college entrance examination in ________(anxious). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】anxiety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：学生和家长都在焦急地等待高考结果。设空处作介词in的宾语，名词anxiety“焦虑，忧虑”符合句意。故填anxiety。
88. People are calling for the production of ________(effect) medicine to conquer the virus. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】more effective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：人们正在呼吁生产更加有效的药品来对抗病毒。medicine是名词需要用形容词effective作定语，根据句意可知，空处应填形容词比较级，effective为多音节形容词用more构成比较级。故填more effective。
89. His only chance for ________(survive) was finding the suitable blood type. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他唯一的生存机会就是找到合适的血型。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词survival“生存”，作介词for的宾语。故填survival。
90. The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by___________ she was rescued. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位妇女给救她的士兵写了一封感谢信。分析句子可知，by ① she was rescued为定语从句，修饰先行词the soldier，设空处为引导词，在从句中作介词by的宾语，故填whom。
八、书面表达(共5小题, 每小题3分, 满分15分＋5分书写)
请根据括号所给的关键词使用M1WU-M1U4所学的词汇、短语、句型进行句子翻译。
91. Stephen成功的秘诀很容易理解。(主语＋be＋adj. ＋不定式) （汉译英）
【答案】The key to Stephen’s success is easy to understand.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句式。表示“……的秘诀/关键”用短语“the key to...”，to为介词，其后跟名词；表示“Stephen的成功”用Stephen’s success，作to的宾语；结合句意，本句陈述的为客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时。主语the key为单数含义，所以be用is；表示“容易”用easy；表示“理解”用to understand，结合题干要求使用的句式，故翻译为：The key to Stephen’s success is easy to understand.
92. James从不放弃,并总是想呈现他最好的一面。(Never位于句首,部分倒装) （汉译英）
【答案】Never does James give up and always wants to show his best.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和部分倒装句。表示“放弃”应用动词短语give up;表示“呈现最好的一面”短语为show one’s best;作动词的宾语；表示“从不”的否定副词never; Never位于句首，应使用部分倒装。根据句意可知本句应使用一般现在时。故翻译为Never does James give up and always wants to show his best。
93. 那场大雨让他们很难按时完成工作。(heavy rain; it做形式宾语) （汉译英）
【答案】The heavy rain made it difficult for them to finish the work on time.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和it作形式宾语。表示“那场大雨”应用the heavy rain；表示“让他们很难完成工作”应用make it difficult for them to finish the work，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“按时”应用on time。故翻译为The heavy rain made it difficult for them to finish the work on time.
94. 运动员们正在争夺球时，比赛突然结束了。(be doing. . when. . . ) （汉译英）
【答案】The players were fighting for the ball when the game came to an abrupt end.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。“运动员们”使用可数名词复数players，“争夺”使用动词短语fight for，“结束”使用动词短语come to an end，“突然”使用形容词abrupt作定语，修饰名词end，“正在做某事……这时突然……”使用固定结构be doing...when...，此处描述过去发生的事情，故when前用过去进行时，when后用一般过去时，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：The players were fighting for the ball when the game came to an abrupt end.。
95. 直到Jenny听说张桂梅的故事的时候，她才下定决心成为一名教师。(hear of; 强调句式) （汉译英）
【答案】It wasn’t until Jenny heard of Zhang Guimei’s story that she made up her mind to be a teacher.
【解析】
【详解】考查not until的强调句结构。分析句子可知，本句描述过去发生的事实，应用一般过去时，且应用not until的强调句型“It was not until+从句+that......”表示。表示“Jenny听说张桂梅的故事”应用Jenny heard of Zhang Guimei’s story；表示“她下定决心成为一名教师”应用she made up her mind to be a teacher，其中make up one’s mind to do ，表示“下定决心做”，综上可得答案。故翻译为It wasn’t until Jenny heard of Zhang Guimei’s story that she made up her mind to be a teacher.
2022-2023学年度第一学期
高一级英语科期中考试卷
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分, 共12页, 满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
第一部分选择题(共85分)
一、听力(共2节, 满分15分)
第一节 听力理解(共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分)
请听下面4段材料, 每段材料后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料, 回答第1至2题。
1. How did the man feel at first?
A. Sorry. B. Annoyed. C. Excited.
2. What will the man do next?
A. Waiting outside. B. Buying the woman a dress. C. Looking at the new fashions.
听第2段材料, 回答第3至4题。
3. How much did the man pay for the item?
A. $80. B. $60. C. $55.
4. What does the woman want the man to do?
A. Buy her a hat B. Lend her some money. C. Bargain with a salesman.
听第3 段材料, 回答第5至7题。
5. What’s the problem for the speakers?
A They’re lost. B. Their car broke down. C. They’re about to rum out of gas.
6. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Call a truck. B. Keep driving. C. Turn around.
7. What does the man imply at the end?
A. They are very lucky. B. The gas station is closed. C. He needs to make a phone call.
听第4段材料, 回答第8至10题。
8. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. The plan for a holiday.
B. Some activities at the hotel.
C. The services offered by the hotel.
9. When can customers have breakfast?
A At 7:20. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:40.
10. Where can customers go swimming?
A. On the seventh floor. B. On the sixth floor. C. Behind the hotel.
第二节 获取信息(共5小题, 每小题1分, 满分5分)
听下面1段独白。请根据题目要求, 从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息, 每空不超过三个词。录音播放两遍。(请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中)
Small Talk
Definition: Short conversations people often have with 11. ________they meet.
Benefits:
A good way for people to say hello and express 12. ________
Topics:
Weather, customer service, movies, TV shows, 13. ________or latest news;
Private questions about salaries, 14. ________religious beliefs and politics should be avoided.
Questions:
It’s better to ask open-ended questions;
Show that you’re interested in them; people feel more 15. ________ talking with you.
二、单项选择(共15小题, 每小题1分, 满分15分)
1. The ________look of the people in the earthquake left a deep impression ________the audience.
A. frightening; to B. frightened; on
C. frightened; with D. frightening; of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析和固定短语。句意：地震中人们惊恐的表情给观众留下了深刻的印象。-ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人，如果修饰物，通常是表示人特征的事物，如外貌(appearance),哭声(cry),表情(face, look), 声音(voice),情绪（mood）；-ing结尾的形容词通常修饰事物，如果修饰人，则表示该人会使其他人产生相应的情感。根据语境可知，第一空修饰人的表情，且是体现人的感情，应用形容词frightened“惊恐的”；第二空为固定短语leave an impression on sb“给某人留下印象”。故选B项。
2. The millionaire looked forward to ________ his old house in his hometown, but when he arrived, he found his hometown much ________.
A find; change B. finding; changing
C. found; changed D. finding; changed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词和过去分词。句意：那个百万富翁盼望着在家乡找到他的老房子，但当他到达时，他发现他的家乡变了很多。根据“but when he arrived”可知，此处是指盼望着在家乡找到他的老房子，look forward to doing意为“盼望做某事”，为固定搭配，所以应用动名词作宾语。动词change意为“改变”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语hometown构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选D。
3. I believe I can exchange my ideas ________new friends and live a wonderful life ________campus.
A. for, in B. with, in C. with, on D. for, on
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我相信我可以与新朋友交流我的想法，过一个美好的校园生活。exchange sth. with sb.“与某人交流想法”，是固定短语，on campus“在校园里”是固定短语，根据句意，故选C。
4. ________we don’t achieve success, we should compare failure ________the mother of success.
A. Even if; with B. Even if; to C. Even though; as D. As if; with
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句和动词短语。句意：即使我们没有成功，我们也应该吧失败比作成功之母。分析句子结构和意思可知，两个小分句之间是转折的关系，要用引导让步状语从句的连词even if/though，表示“即使，尽管”的意思；第二个空考查动词短语compare...to，表示“把……比作”的意思。故选B。
5. ________during our sports meeting ________we had a good time with our classmates.
A. That was; when B. It was; when
C. That was; that D. It was; that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是在运动会期间，我们和班级同学玩得很高兴。根据句意句所给句子可知，此处为强调句，强调时间状语从句“during our sports meeting”，强调句的句式为“it is/was+被强调部分+that+其他”。故选D。
6. In the middle of the Zhixin Pond ________several ducks.
A. swim B. swims C. is swimming D. swimming
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在知心潭中央，几只鸭子在游泳。分析句子可知，这里是倒装结构形式，本句把状语In the middle of the Zhixin Pond 提前放句首，而本句的主语是several ducks，是名词复数，本空应填谓语动词，也用复数形式，结合选项可知，这里应填一般现在时。故选A项。
7. The number of people who own a car ________in the past 10 years.
A. increase B. increased C. has increased D. increases
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去10年里，拥有汽车的人数有所增加。空处应填谓语动词的形式，由时间状语in the past 10 years可知应用现在完成时，句子主语为The number，谓语动词应用单数形式。故选C项。
8. During the lockdown of the city, they ________the community rather than ________the city.
A. pefered to serve; leaving B. preferred to serve; leave
C. prefered serving; leaving D. preferred serving; leave
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：在封锁期间，他们更愿意为社区服务，而不是离开城市。分析句子可知，空处涉及固定句型prefer to do rather than do，表示“宁愿做……而不愿……”。故选B项。
9. The school adviser recommended he ________the lost time.
A. made of B. can make it C. making up D. make up for
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析和虚拟语气。句意：学校顾问建议他弥补损失的时间。A. made of理解，看待；B. can make it能够成功；C. making up组成，编造，化妆；D. make up for弥补。recommend后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分为（should）+动词原形，结合句意可知，此处指“弥补”损失的时间，make up for符合题意。故选D。
10. The whole class debated ________for the class uniform.
A. on what color they should choose
B. what color should they choose
C. about what color they to choose
D. what color should to choose
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词搭配和宾语从句语序。句意：整个班级就班服应该选什么颜色展开辩论。分析句意可知，此处debate的结构为debate on sth.“就……展开辩论”，而关系代词what引导宾语从句，宾语从句应该使用陈述语序，即主谓宾的结构，选项A的debate on后接正常语序宾语从句，符合语法要求。故选A项。
11. He was late again, ________made the teacher ________.
A. who; annoying B. which; annoyed
C. that; annoying D. that; annoyed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和形容词。句意：他再次迟到，这让老师很恼火。A. who谁；annoying令人恼火的；B. which这；annoyed恼火的；C. that那个，可以连接从句；annoying令人恼火的；D. that那个，可以连接从句；annoyed恼火的。由语意可知，此处考查非限制性定语从句，指代前文所指整个事件，即他再次迟到，故应用which引导非限制性定语从句；而他再次迟到，让老师感到恼火，故应用-ed结尾形容词annoyed。故选B项。
12. Frank, rather than his two sisters, ________London next morning by train which ________at 8:30.
A. is leaving to; will leave B. are leaving to; leaves
C. is leaving for, leaves D. will leave for, will leave
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：Frank，而不是他的两个姐妹，将乘坐明天早上8点半开出的火车去伦敦。根据句意以及“next morning”可知，第一个空应用现在进行时表将来，表示已经计划好的动作，主语是Frank，谓语动词用第三人称单数；动词短语leave for意为“出发前往……”符合句意，所以第一空填is leaving for；第二空在定语从句“which ________at 8:30”中作谓语动词，应用一般现在时表将来（按照具体时刻表要发生的动作用一般现在时态表将来，常用于交通工具的运行），which在定语从句中作主语，指代先行词train，谓语动词用单数，所以第二空填leaves。故选C。
13. After listening to the teacher’s instructions, I found the problem easy ________.
A. to be worked out B. working on
C. to work out D. to work
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式主动表被动。句意：听了老师的指导之后，我发现问题很容易解开。分析句子可知，found为句子的谓语，动词短语要使用其非谓语形式。work out意为“可以解决，计算出”，work on意为“从事于”，work意为“工作”，应该是“解决问题”，要用work out，在动词+宾语+表示“难，易，轻，重，合适”等形容词+不定式时，用主动形式表被动含义，故应使用to work out。故选C项。
14. Tu Youyou has ________traditional Chinese medical science.
A. applied to study B. been applied to study
C. been applied herself to study D. been applying herself to studying
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦一直致力于中医研究。结合句意，表示“致力于……”用apply oneself to…，此处谓语应该用主动语态，且to是介词，后面跟动词需用动名词形式作宾语。故选D项。
15. My eldest son, ________work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
A. whose B. his C. which D. who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的大儿子现在在纽约，他的工作使他走遍了世界各地。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句work前缺少定语，先行词为My eldest son，故用whose，表示“我儿子的”。故选A项。
三、阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读补全。根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余项。
A
There are about 100 beaches around the Sydney Harbor and along the coast. If you find it hard to pick the best destination, here are four waiting for you.
Freshwater Beach
Freshwater Beach is the location where surfing was first introduced to Australia in 1915. The beach is only 350 meters long and is a popular destination for surfers. The beach is protected and therefore provides a quiet swimming experience away from the hustle and bustle of its busy neighboring beaches.
Bondi Beach
Bondi Beach, Australia’s most famous beach, is more than 100 meters wide and over 3 kilometers long, which allows plenty of space for the large number of tourists and locals. On a sunny day every grain of sand is covered with bodies, with crowds pouring into nearby bars and cafes. Parking near the beach is impossible. It’s also the perfect spot to see a sunset and the scene of family parties during summer.
Clovelly Beach
As one of the best options for surfing and exploring what hides beneath the water’s surface, Clovelly, noted for its unique narrow bay between two rocky ridges, is a popular destination for swimmers. It’s a good base where you can check out diving routes through the waters, or take a coastal walk to Bondi.
Palm Beach
It’s the scene of the long-running Home and Away TV series and endless celebrity spotting. A salt water lake affords great views, typical of beaches on the north side of the harbor. On a nice day, Palm Beach is a postcard-perfect sand destination.
16. What do Freshwater Beach and Clovelly Beach have in common?
A. They both have free training services. B. They are both suitable for swimming.
C. They are both the birthplaces of surfing. D. They both provide underwater exploration.
17. What can tourists do at Bondi Beach?
A. Have a sunbathing. B. Hold a live concert.
C. Park their cars at will. D. Enjoy a sunrise watching.
18. Where are you most likely to see TV show shooting?
A. Freshwater Beach. B. Bondi Beach. C. Clovelly Beach. D. Palm Beach.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了悉尼港周围和沿海岸的四个沙滩的情况。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The beach is protected and therefore provides a quiet swimming experience away from the hustle and bustle of its busy neighboring beaches.(海滩受到保护，因此提供了一个安静的游泳体验，远离它的繁忙的邻近海滩的喧嚣)”以及倒数第二段中“As one of the best options for surfing and exploring what hides beneath the water’s surface, Clovelly, noted for its unique narrow bay between two rocky ridges, is a popular destination for swimmers.(作为冲浪和探索隐藏在水面下的东西的最佳选择之一，克洛夫利以其两个岩石山脊之间独特的狭窄海湾而闻名，是游泳者的热门目的地)”可知，淡水滩和克洛夫利滩的共同之处是都适合游泳。故选B。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Bondi Beach, Australia’s most famous beach, is more than 100 meters wide and over 3 kilometers long, which allows plenty of space for the large number of tourists and locals. On a sunny day every grain of sand is covered with bodies, with crowds pouring into nearby bars and cafes.(邦迪海滩是澳大利亚最著名的海滩，100多米宽，3公里多长，为大量的游客和当地人提供了充足的空间。在阳光明媚的日子里，每一粒沙子上都是人，人群涌入附近的酒吧和咖啡馆)”可知，游客在邦迪海滩可以享受日光浴。故选A。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s the scene of the long-running Home and Away TV series and endless celebrity spotting.(这是长时间播出的电视连续剧《聚散离合》的场景，也是无数名人围观的场景)”可知，你最可能在Palm Beach看到电视剧拍摄。故选D。
B
In 1969, watching the landing of Apollo 11 on the Moon on TV from his parents’ farm in Canada, Chris Hadfield was amazed and excited. On that day, at only nine years old, Chris made the most important decision of his life: He was going to be an astronaut.
There wasn’t even a training program in Canada to become an astronaut; but Chris was determined. He spent a great deal of time studying and fixing engines. After school he joined the Canadian army where he learned to fly many different types of planes. Chris did a lot of research for the National Aeronautics and Space Admmistration (NASA) in the United States and had special training. Finally, in 1995 he rode his first rocket into space.
Chris became the first Canadian astronaut to walk in spare, and went on a number of space missions throughout his carcer. The most memorable was his five-month stay on the International Space Station (ISS) as commander, between December 2012 and May 2013. He posted on social media thousands of photos of Earth and videos of himself explaining how things work in zero gravity. His followers could watch him sleeping, brushing his teeth, washing his hands, or preparing “space” snacks in zero gravity, which turned him into a social media phenomenon.
Today, Chris travels the world giving talks about his work. He once said, “Decide in your heart of hearts what really excites and challenges you, and start moving your life in that direction. Every decision you make, from what you eat to what you do with your time tonight, turns you into who you are tomorrow. Look at who you want to be, and stan sculpting yourself into that person. You may not get exactly where you thought you’d be, but you will be doing things that suit you in a profession you believe in. Don’t let life randomly kick you into the adult you don’t want to become.”
19. What led Chris to make up his mind to be an astronaut?
A. The life on his parents’ farm.
B. His ability to fly various planes.
C. Apollo 11’s landing on the Moon.
D. His passion for studying engines.
20. What made Chris popular in the media?
A The space tasks he conducted in his life.
B. The pictures and videos he posted online.
C. His inspiring talks about his work around the world.
D. His great contributions to Canada’s space industry.
21. What can we learn from Chris’ words in the last paragraph?
A. Courage is what it takes to overcome difficulties.
B. Opportunities go hand in hand with challenges.
C. From small beginnings coms, treat endings.
D. The key to success lies in the firm aim.
22. Which of the following best describes Chris?
A. Strong-willed and hardworking.
B. Adventurous and outgoing.
C. Optimistic and responsible.
D. Smart and knowledgeable.
【答案】19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了加拿大航天员Chris Hadfield小时候看到阿波罗11号登录月球后，励志成为一名宇航员的故事。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段“In 1969, watching the landing of Apollo 11 on the Moon on TV from his parents’farm in Canada, Chris Hadfield was amazed and excited. On that day, at only nine years old, Chris made the most important decision of his life: He was going to be an astronaut. (1969年，克里斯·哈德菲尔德在加拿大父母的农场里通过电视观看阿波罗11号登陆月球，他既惊讶又兴奋。在那一天，只有九岁的克里斯做出了他一生中最重要的决定：他要成为一名宇航员。)”可知，通过电视观看阿波罗11号登陆月球使克里斯下定决心成为一名宇航员。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“He posted on social media thousands of photos of Earth and videos of himself explaining how things work in zero gravity. His followers could watch him sleeping, brushing his teeth, washing his hands, or preparing “space” snacks in zero gravity, which turned him into a social media phenomenon. (他在社交媒体上发布了数千张地球的照片和自己的视频，解释了在零重力下事物是如何工作的。他的粉丝们可以看到他在零重力下睡觉、刷牙、洗手或准备“太空”零食，这让他成为了社交媒体达人。)”可知，克里斯上传到网上的照片和视频使克里斯在媒体中很受欢迎。故选B。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Decide in your heart of hearts what really excites and challenges you, and start moving your life in that direction.(从内心深处决定什么能真正让你兴奋和挑战你，然后开始朝着那个方向前进。)”及末句“Don’t let life randomly kick you into the adult you don’t want to become.(不要让生活随意地把你踢进你不想成为的成年人。)”可知，从克里斯的话中，我们可以知道，想要成功，一定要坚持自己的目标。故选D。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一二句“There wasn’t even a training program in Canada to become an astronaut; but Chris was determined. He spent a great deal of time studying and fixing engines. (在加拿大甚至没有成为宇航员的培训项目；但克里斯下定了决心。他花了大量时间研究和修理发动机。)”可知，克里斯意志坚定而且工作勤奋。故选A。
C
As a hockey (冰球) parent, while watching my son play from Mite to Bantam, House League to Travel, I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids.
In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. It was a typically good youth hockey season. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person.
However, what happened the next year added its story to the legends of sporting incompetence. Not merely weak but prettily bad, this team lost 40 of their first 50 games, most of the defeats coming in the course of two losing streaks (连败). For a time, I worried that these failures would kill my child’s love of the game.
But that’s not what happened. As bad as it got, the losing was clarifying. It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving behind those with a real passion for the sport. What started as a list of 17 of the team was cut down to 12. It was especially educational for the kids. It taught them a great truth of the world: For everyone good, there is someone better.
What’s more, the kids were learning the game in a way that only losing can teach. Each player got to play everywhere, to learn and appreciate the role of every position on the ice. They kept an eye on their opponents too, studying the secret of their good performance. In an effort to break the streak, they went back to basics, accepted the wisdom of the hockey ancients: If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the goal.
This new team had character and could never be counted out, no matter the score. They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime (加时赛). When they narrowly lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick- by losing.
23. What does the author think about the son’s team in the third season in 2019?
A. The team had a bad performance.
B. The team didn’t live up to the author’s expectations.
C. The team played typically well and won all the games.
D. The team didn’t help with players’ mental growth.
24. What does the underlined ward “clarify” refer to?
A. The losing made the kids better understand hockey.
B. The losing helped the kids learn a great truth of the world.
C. The losing separated true player from those playing for glory.
D. The losing boosted the kids teamwork.
25. What can be implied from the new team’s experience?
A. They valued teamwork and details in a game.
B. They kept their winning strategies a secret
C. They beat a team of all-star players.
D. They won the championship in the tournament
26. What is the writing purpose of the passage?
A. To offer some suggestions on getting over losing.
B. To explore the benefits of losing.
C. To describe a team’s road to success.
D. To make a comparison between winning and losing.
【答案】23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队员打曲棍球，他们从不断失败中学到了一些教训。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In his third season in 2019, my son’s team never lost more than three straight games. It was a typically good youth hockey season. There was happiness, boasting, celebration, pizza. He improved as a player, but did not much change as a person. (2019年是我儿子的第三个赛季，他所在的球队从未输过三场以上的比赛。这是一个典型的良好的青少年曲棍球赛季。有快乐，有自夸，有庆祝，有披萨。作为一名球员，他进步了，但作为一个人，他没有太大的改变)”可知2019年第三个赛季，作者儿子的球队很优秀，并没有体会到失败带给他们的影响，由此推断作者认为2019年第三个赛季作者儿子的球队没有帮助球员的心理成长，故选D。
【24题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线处下文“It weeded out the kids who were in it less for the game than the glory, leaving behind those with a real passion for the sport.( 它淘汰了那些为了荣誉而不是为了比赛的孩子，留下了那些真正热爱这项运动的人) ”可知虽然孩子的球队比赛失败，但是失败让一切变得明朗了，因为淘汰了那些为了荣誉而不是为了比赛的孩子，可推断clarify指代下文的内容，即失败将真正的球员与那些为荣誉而战的球员区分开来。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“If playing like a team, they can defeat a collection of all-stars; If doing small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the goal. (如果像一个团队一样打球，他们可以击败一群全明星；如果他们把不受重视小任务做得好，他们就能达到目标)”可知新团队的经验可以暗示他们重视比赛中的团队合作和细节，故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“I’ve learned that losing may be best for kids(我明白了，失败对孩子来说可能是最好的)”和最后一段“They had learned the most important lesson: You can lose without being beaten. They squeaked into the state tournament, then made it all the way to the final, where the winner was decided in overtime (加时赛). When they narrowly lost that game and went into the handshake line, it was not as runners-up but as a team that had been made into winners in the only way that will stick- by losing.( 他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输而不被打败。他们险胜进入州锦标赛，一路杀入决赛，最终在加时赛中决出胜负。当他们以微弱的劣势输掉那场比赛，进入握手行列的时候，他们不是以亚军的身份，而是以一支以唯一的方式成为赢家的球队——失败)”可知文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队员打曲棍球，他们从不断失败中学到了一些教训。因此写作的目的就是探索失败的好处，故选B。
D
Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working bard - he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night – but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually achieve much.
This phenomenon cam be seen in most colleges. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day and the students I used to see in there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. The roommate who looks through her chemistry notes on the couch while watching TV is pseudo-working. The guy who brings three meals, a blanket. and six-pack of Red Bull to the study zone in preparation for an all-day paper-writing marathon is also pseudo-working.
By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to achieve the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort.
The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work - it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. Ii never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students. on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it, and for good reason It not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring.
In fact, the most important skill in becoming a better student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a smallest amount of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit. So how do these students achieve this goal? To understand their way to success, consider the following simple formula(公式): work achieved = time spent * intensity of focus.
Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to achieve something by pseudo-working. You need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, increases intensity in order to use less time.
27. Which of the following phenomenon is pseudo-working?
A. Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture.
B. Mike is sitting at a study lounge in preparation for a final exam quietly.
C. Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music.
D. Alice and Sara are sitting on the couth reading their favorite books.
28. Compared with straight-A students, the major problem of most students is that they _____
A. want to spend more time on study.
B. are eager to follow their friends’ way.
C. have gotten used to their study approach.
D. are unaware of their pseudo-working.
29. What does the underlined word “optimal” mean in paragraph 5?
A. Possible.
B. Best.
C. Least.
D. Accurate.
30. Why does the author mention the formula in the text?
A. To show the benefit of working hard.
B. To prove the necessity of achieving work.
C. To emphasize the importance of concentration.
D. To explain the reason for spending much time.
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“伪学习”的一些表现和危害，并建议大家提高专注度，提高学习效率。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working bard - he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night - but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually achieve much. (伪学习者看起来和感觉上都像吟游诗人——他或她花很长时间在图书馆里，而且不怕工作到深夜——但是，由于缺乏专注力，他或她实际上并没有取得多大成就。)”可知，伪学习指的是看上去好像花了很长时间学习，但并没有真正把注意力集中在学习上。C项“杰克边听音乐边在图书馆写论文写了很长时间”与“伪学习”的定义相似。故选C项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working.(更大的问题是，大多数学生甚至没有意识到他们是在伪学习。)”可知，相比全A的学生，大多数学生都不知道自己在伪学习。故选D项。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material integrated per time unit.(一些认知科学研究得出结论，大约50分钟是optimal学习时间，以最大限度地利用每一时间单位的材料。)”中的maximize“最大化”可知，对于学习来说，提高效率非常重要，为了效率的最大化，50分钟的时间应该是“最适合的”或者“最佳的”。B项“最佳的”符合文意。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“So how do these students achieve this goal? To understand their way to success, consider the following simple formula: work achieved = time spent * intensity of focus. (那么这些学生是如何实现这一目标的呢？要了解他们的成功之道，可以考虑下面这个简单的公式：完成的工作量等于花费的时间乘以专注的强度。)”和最后一段“Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to achieve something by pseudo-working. you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach. on the other hand, increases intensity in order to use less time.(伪学习的特点是聚焦强度很低。因此，通过伪学习来达到目的，你需要花很多时间。而全A学生的学习方法是增加聚焦强度以减少时间。)”可知，作者并不支持“伪学习”，作者更加支持通过减少时间增加专注度的方法，故推测作者列出公式是为了强调“专注强度”的重要性。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
阅读补全。根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余项。
How to keep fit
Nowadays, with the high pace of modern life, more and more people are in the state of sub-health (亚健康). A healthy body is very important to every one of us. The steps to good health aren’t complex. Here are some suggested ways.___31___
• Form good healthy habits. Better your healthy lifestyle by adopting a variety of healthy habits, including getting enough sleep. Sleep is one of the most important bodily functions to make cells healthy again.___32___Do your best to manage stress through healthy activities. Cutting down on alcohol use, quitting tobacco, and staying connected to friends and family members can also keep you healthier.
• Do exercise. I don’t know whether you discover that most of the ancient people are healthy.___33___It is approximately equal to doing exercise every day. If people want to be healthy, they had better do exercise frequently. As for what kind of exercise you should take, I would say just depending on yourselves. If you are a busy person and have no special time allocated to do these things, there are still some ways useful to keep fit. The easiest way is to walk to your office instead of taking a bus.
•___34___people in the modern society have many choices to pick food. What people pick the most is meat and high caloric (热量的) food. Those foods can easily make people get fat.___35___Therefore, keeping a good diet is necessary, which means eating more fruits and vegetables in the meat world. However, this doesn’t mean you have to completely give up your favorite foods. A healthy diet is all about balance.
A. Keep a good diet.
B. And then the health problem comes.
C. Realize the importance of keeping fit.
D. You should get at least six hours of sleep a night.
E. If you try, a life of good quality will be the reward.
F. The reason is that they have to do labor work every day.
G. It is said that keeping a good mood will lead to a good body.
【答案】31. E 32. D 33. F 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文就如何保持健康这一问题，给出了一些建议。
【31题详解】
空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“The steps to good health aren’t complex. Here are some suggested ways.(健康的步骤并不复杂。这里有一些建议的方法)”可知，保持健康的方法并不复杂，如果我们努力的话，一定会有所回报。E项“如果你努力，高质量的生活将是回报”符合语境。故选E。
【32题详解】
根据上文“Sleep is one of the most important bodily functions to make cells healthy again. (睡眠是使细胞恢复健康的最重要的身体功能之一)”可知，睡眠对细胞恢复健康至关重要，由此可知，我们每天都需要充足的睡眠。D项“你应该每晚至少睡六个小时”符合语境。故选D。
【33题详解】
根据上文“I don’t know whether you discover that most of the ancient people are healthy.(我不知道你是否发现大多数古人都是健康的)”可知，古人大都是健康的。由此推知，空处陈述这种现象的原因。F项“原因就是他们每天不得不从事体力劳动”符合语境，且呼应本段主旨“Do exercise. (锻炼)”。故选F。
【34题详解】
空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Therefore, keeping a good diet is necessary, which means eating more fruits and vegetables in the meat world. However, this doesn’t mean you have to completely give up your favorite foods. A healthy diet is all about balance.(因此，保持良好的饮食是必要的，这意味着在肉类世界中吃更多的水果和蔬菜。然而，这并不意味着你必须完全放弃你最喜欢的食物。健康的饮食就是平衡)”推知，本段建议人们吃健康的饮食。A项“保持良好的饮食”符合题意。故选A。
【35题详解】
根据上文“What people pick the most is meat and high caloric (热量的) food. Those foods can easily make people get fat.(人们最喜欢的是肉类和高热量食物。这些食物很容易使人发胖)”可知，现在人们通常喜欢高热量的食物。由此推知，空处陈述这种饮食带来的结果。B项“然后，健康问题就来了”符合语境。故选B。
四、完形填空(共20小题, 每小题1分, 满分20分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible____36____in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment (治疗), she____37____became healthy.
Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head - to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to____38____our local swim team. She practiced hard and finally____39____it. The team practice, ____40____, was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly____41____her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to____42____her from it all But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit____43____to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to ____44____and insisted she go.
From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t_____45_____a single practice. She had a _____46_____desire within herself to be the best she could be. My ten-year-old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this_____47_____ human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of_____48_____of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a_____49_____-ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to_____50_____her friends and praise their good performance. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach _____51_____ “The highest honor goes to Cathy!" Looking around, be continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her_____52_____ and enthusiasm. _____53_____ skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset (财富) one can bold is the heart. "
It was the greatest_____54_____ of my daughter’s life. With all she had been_____55_____in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph (成功).
36. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness
37. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently
38. A. improve B. train C. join D. contact
39. A. increased B. found C. created D. made
40. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead
41. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste
42. A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire
43. A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free
44. A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up
45. A. attend B. miss C. ban D. start
46. A. rich B. weak C. strong D. kind
47. A. trusted B. determined C. experienced D. embarrassed
48. A. upset B. delight C. excitement D. surprise
49. A. beginner B. learner C. partner D. winner
50. A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after
51. A. admitting B. explaining C. announcing D. whispering
52. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom
53. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because
54. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment
55. A. through B. under C. across D. around
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A 41. B 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者的女儿凯茜在儿童时期患有疾病的情况下，十年坚持不断地练习游泳，虽然没有获得很高的荣誉，在这过程中，作者看到了凯茜成为一个坚定的人，且在一次比赛中，她的教练在颁奖典礼的时候赋予她最高的荣誉。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜小时候患了一种可怕的疾病。A. failure失败；B. pressure压力；C. loss损失；D. illness疾病。根据下文的 “After years of regular treatment (治疗)…” 可知，Cathy在童年的时候，得了可怕的疾病。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的定期治疗，她终于恢复了健康。A. usually通常；B. finally最后；C. firstly首先；D. frequently经常。根据上文的 “After years of regular treatment（治疗）…” 可知，她最后恢复健康了。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，她想参加我们当地的游泳队。A. improve提高；B. train训练；C. join参加；D. contact联系。根据下文中的 “She practiced hard and finally 4 it.” 可知，她想参加游泳队。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她努力练习，终于成功了。A. increased增加；B. found发现；C. created创造；D. made 使让，成功做成。根据上文中的 “She practiced hard” 可知，她努力训练的结果就是成功入队，make it 成功，故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，团队练习是一个艰难的开始。A. however然而；B. therefore因此；C. otherwise否则；D. instead代替。根据上文中的 “She practiced hard and finally 4 _it.” 和下文中的“…was a tough start”句意可知，与上文是转折关系。故选A项。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她咳嗽和喘不过气，几乎无法熬过头几周。 A. use使用；B. survive幸存、熬过；C. save拯救；节约；D. waste浪费。根据上文 “she coughed and choked” 可知，她几乎无法熬过头几周的艰苦训练。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上听到她痛苦地咳嗽，我决定把她从这一切中拉出来。A. pull拉；B. tell告诉，辨别；C. hide躲藏；D. fire解雇。根据上文中的 “Hearing her coughing bitterly one night” 可知，作者想阻止她的女儿继续训练下去，即：把她从这一切中拉出来，故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查语形容词词义辨析。句意：但是凯茜第二天一早就叫醒了我，穿着她的泳衣准备出发！A. afraid害怕的；B. nervous紧张的；C. ready准备好的；D. free免费的，自由的。根据上文中的 “But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit…” 可知，她穿着游泳衣做好准备出发去训练。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我告诉她，在咳嗽了一整夜后，她不应该游泳，但她拒绝放弃并坚持要去。 A. take off脱下，起飞；开始流行；B. set off启程，引发；C. give up放弃；D. show up出现。根据下文中的 “Cathy kept swimming” 可知，凯茜拒绝放弃。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，凯茜一直在游泳，没有错过任何一次练习。A. attend参加；B. miss错过；C. ban禁止；D. start开始。根据上文中的 “From that day on, Cathy kept swimming…” 可知，Cathy一直在训练，没有错过一次训练。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她内心有一种强烈的愿望，想成为最好的自己。 A. rich富有的；B. weak虚弱的；C. strong强大的；D. kind好心的。根据上文 “From that day on, Cathy kept swimming…” 可知，凯茜意志力强大。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我十岁孩子在我眼前成长和变化，变成了一个充满激情和使命的、坚定的人。A. trusted被信任的；B. determined有决心的；C. experienced有经验的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文中的 “She had a 11 desire within herself to be the best she could be.” 可知，凯茜成为了一个意志坚定的人。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然也有沮丧的时刻：她通常是比赛中的最后一名游泳运动员。 A. upset困扰，麻烦；B. delight高兴；C. excitement兴奋；D. surprise惊讶。根据下文中的 “…often she would be the last swimmer in the race.” 可知，是指作者女儿也有失意的时候。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜很难接受她从来都不是赢家。 A. beginner初学者；B. learner学习者；C. partner伙伴；D. winner获胜者。根据上文中的 “…often she would be the last swimmer in the race” 可知，作者女儿经常是最后一名，要想获胜很难。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意： 凯茜没有期待任何奖项，但仍然在那里为她的朋友们加油，并赞扬她们的出色表现。A. cheer on向……欢呼，为……鼓劲加油；B. compete with和……竞争；C. respond to回答；D. run after追赶。根据下文中的 “…and praise their good performance” 可知，凯茜的表现给自己的队友带来了更多的鼓励，给她们加油助威。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当仪式接近尾声时，我突然听到主教练宣布“最高的荣誉属于凯茜！”。 A. admitting承认；B. explaining解释；C. announcing宣布；D. whispering低语，耳语。根据下文 “The highest honor goes to Cathy!” 可知，这是教练在宣布结果。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜用她的意志和热情激励着我们。 A. humor幽默；B. will意愿，意志力；C. honesty诚实；D. wisdom智慧。根据下文中的 “and enthusiasm.” 可知，与enthusiasm并列的应该是意志力。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然技能和才能带来巨大的成功，但一个人最宝贵的财富是强大的内心。A. Although虽然；B. Since自从；C. Once一旦；D. Because因为。根据下文中的“the most valuable asset(财富) one can hold is the heart.”句意可知，前后句子是让步转折关系。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是我女儿一生中最精彩的时刻。A. discovery发现；B. choice选择；C. influence影响；D. moment时刻。根据上文教练宣布的比赛奖励结果对比上文介绍凯西之前想成为一个获胜者都很难可知，这是女儿生活中最好的时刻。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在她十年中经历了的一切，这是真正胜利的时刻。 A. through通过（内部），经历；B. under在……下面；C. across穿过（表面）；D. around在……周围。在英语中表示经历的事情，通常使用的是through。故选A项。
第二部分非选择题(共60分＋5分背诵)
五、单词拼写(共15小题, 每小题1分, 共15分)
请用M1U3-U4所学的单词填空(按括号内的英文释义＋首字母或同根词写出单词的形式)
71-73题：请根据括号内的英文解释和首字母填入单词的正确形式, 填入答题卡时需写出完整单词。
56. I want to s ________(to emphasize or give importance to a fact, an idea, etc. )that it is our duty to protect wildlife. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】stress##ress
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我想要强调的是，保护野生动物是我们的责任。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处意为“强调”，故应用动词stress，且此处为want to do sth.结构，为动词不定式作宾语，故填stress。
57. The president d ________(to give a talk or other official statement) a speech about schools last week. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】delivered##elivered
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：总统上周发表了关于学校的演讲。英语提示to give a talk or other official statement表示“发表演讲或其他官方声明”，结合首字母提示可知，空处应用动词deliver，表示“发表”，根据时间状语last week可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填delivered。
58. The government has announced a state of e________(a sudden serious and dangerous event or situation which needs immediate action) following the earthquake. （根据首字母单词拼写）
【答案】emergency##mergency
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府宣布在地震后进入紧急状态。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作宾语。根据括号中的内容和首字母提示，表示“紧急状况”用emergency，次奥抽象意义，不可数。故填emergency。
74-80题：根据括号内的单词填入单词同根词的正确形式。
59. Though he ________(failure) to win the first place in the track-and-field event, he is still the hero of the whole class. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】failed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：虽然他在田径比赛中没有获得第一名，但他仍然是全班的英雄。分析句子成分可知，本句为“Though”引导的让步状语从句，空处应为从句的谓语动词。结合句意，在比赛中没赢得第一名应为过去的事情，故用一般过去时。故填failed。
60. Our school held a ceremony to honour Zhu Zhixin, an ________(honour) revolutionist. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】honourable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们学校为尊敬的革命家朱志新举行了纪念仪式。分析句子结构可知，空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词revolutionist，honourable“尊敬的”符合句意。故填honourable。
61. Some people were beginning to doubt the ________(wise) of their leader’s decisions. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】wisdom
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：一些人开始怀疑他们领导人决定是否明智。作宾语，应用名词wisdom，不可数。故填wisdom。
62. It is ________(shock) that they involved children in the crime. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】shocking
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：令人震惊的是，他们将儿童卷入了犯罪。根据句意和前文It is可知，此处应用以ing结尾的形容词shocking作表语，修饰事物。故填shocking。
63. Wearing ordinary business suits, the men simply lean how to walk ________(graceful) up and down the catwalk in front of the crowds. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】gracefully
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他们穿着普通的西装，只是学习如何在人群面前优雅地在T台上走来走去。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰walk动词。graceful为形容词，意为“优雅的”，副词为gracefully。故填gracefully。
64. The exercises are designed to ________(strength) your muscles. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】strengthen
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这些锻炼是为了加强你的肌肉。设空处接在不定式符号to后，应接动词原形，根据句意和提示词，故填strengthen。
65. Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly _____(compete) market.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】competitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：毕业生不得不在竞争激烈的市场中找工作。分析句子可知，设空处应用形容词修饰名词market，再结合句意“竞争激烈的”是competitive。故填competitive。
81-85题：根据括号内的中文填入单词的正确形式。
66. Soldiers ________(埋葬) the dead in large graves after the war ended. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】buried
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：战争结束后，士兵们把死者埋葬在巨大的坟墓里。根据汉语提示可知，bury埋葬，动词，由after引导的时间状语从句可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填buried。
67. Ten fishermen were saved in a sea ________(营救). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】rescue
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：十名渔民在海上救援中获救。根据中文提示可知，表示“营救”应用rescue，为可数名词，且由空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应用名词的单数形式。故填rescue。
68. Amy’s voice is surprisingly ________(平静的, 镇静的). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】calm
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：艾米的声音出奇地平静。根据汉语提示“平静的，镇静的”，以及句子结构可知此处应填形容词calm作表语。故填calm。
69. At least 43 people have died and 91 have been ________(受伤)this year as a result of natural disasters.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】 injured
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今年，自然灾害造成至少43人死亡，91人受伤。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词injured“受伤的”作表语。故填injured。
70. People of the whole country fought against COVID-19 with courage and ________(决心). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】determination
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：全国人民勇敢并坚决地抗击新冠肺炎。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查表示“决心”对应的名词determination，作宾语，是不可数名词。故填determination。
六、短语填空(共10小题, 每小题1分, 共10分)
请用M1WU-4所学短语的适当形式填空
71. Lisa works through her lunch hour to ________(跟上) her work. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】keep up with##catch up with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：丽莎在午餐时间工作以跟上她的工作。分析句子结构可知，在不定式后面应该是动词，结合汉语提示，keep up with 或catch up with意为“跟上，赶上”符合句意。故填keep up with/catch up with。
72. Many companies are ________(遭受着) a shortage of skilled staff. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】suffering from
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：许多公司正遭受技术人员短缺的问题。根据汉语提示，空处应用动词短语suffer from，表示“遭受”，动词应用ing形式，与空前的are构成现在进行时，符合句意。故填suffering from。
73. It’s probably good for you to get some criticism ________(不时地). （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】now and then/at times/now and again
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：不时地受点批评或许对你还有好处。 根据句意和汉语提示，应填now and then，at times ，now and again，固定短语，故填now and then。
74. Although what he said didn’t ________(有道理) at all, there were still some people in favour of his opinions. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】make sense
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和助动词用法。句意：虽然他说的话毫无道理，但还是有人赞成他的观点。表示“有道理”应用动词短语make sense。在助动词did后动词应用原形。故填make sense。
75. Doing sports regularly ________(对……有影响) our physical and mental health. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】has an effect on
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：经常做运动对我们的身心健康都有影响。此处表示经常性的动作，时态可以用一般现在时，根据汉语提示可知，表示“对……有影响”可用短语have an effect on，因为主语Doing sports是动名词短语，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填has an effect on。
76. A ceremony was held ________(为了纪念)those killed in battle. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】in memory of##in honor of##in honour of
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：为纪念阵亡将士举行了仪式。根据汉语提示，短语in memory of/in hono(u)r of符合题意，与空后的名词构成介宾短语，在句中作状语。故填in memory of/in hono(u)r of
77. It is a good test for us to show that we can regroup, show our ________(精神力量) and respond quickly. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】spirit
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这对我们来说是一个很好的考验，证明我们能够重新组合，展现我们的精神并迅速做出反应。根据汉语提示可知应填名词spirit，作宾语，不可数。故填spirit。
78. The house looked ________(似乎) it was about to fall down. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】as if##as though
【解析】
【详解】考查复合连接词。句意：房子看起来似乎要倒塌了。根据句子结构可知，表示“似乎”应用复合连接词as if或as though在系动词looked之后引导表语从句，表达虚拟语气。故填as if/as though。
79. ________(出于好奇), she followed him to see what he was going to do. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】Out of curiosity
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：出于好奇，她跟着他，想看看他要做什么。“出于好奇”为固定搭配，翻译为out of curiosity，放在句首时，out的首字母要大写。故填Out of curiosity。
80. Lawrence’s novel ________(被承认是) a work of genius worldwide. （根据汉语提示完成句子）
【答案】is acknowledged as
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：劳伦斯的小说被公认为全世界的天才之作。短语：be acknowledged as“被承认是……”，结合句意可知，此处叙述的为客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时；句子主语“Lawrence’s nove”为单数，所以be用is，故填is acknowledged as。
七、单句语法填空(共10小题, 每小题1分, 共10分)
按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空(正确形式可使用两个词或以上)。
81. Miss Kate has requested that the door to the classroom ________(leave) open. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】be left
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：凯特小姐要求让教室的门开着。分析句子结构可知，此处是request引导的宾语从句，表命令，请求，从句中应用虚拟语气句式，句式为：sb. request that sb. (should) do，其中should可省略，从句中主语door和leave之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态。故填be left。
82. They asked him to tell them everything ________he saw at the front. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们要他把在前线看到的一切都告诉他们。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为不定代词everything，指物，关系词在从句中作动词saw的宾语，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
83. Most students like reading this book because there are various ________(attract) stories. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】attractive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：大多数学生喜欢读这本书，因为里面有各种吸引人的故事。结合句意及空后的名词stories可知，此处应填形容词attractive，作定语。故填attractive。
84. ________November 21, 2021, we held a ceremony to celebrate the100th anniversary of our school. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】On
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：2021年11月21日，我们举行了100周年校庆庆典。分析句子可知，此处应用介词；表示在具体的某一天，应用介词on，所以在2021年11月21日应为on November 21, 2021；句首第一个字母大写。故填On。
85. The exact year __________ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that/which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：安琪和她的家人在中国生活的确切时间是2008年。分析句子结构，“____Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008”是定语从句，先行词the exact year，在从句中做spent的宾语，因此用that或which引导定语从句。故填that /which。
86. Frank, together with his parents and sister, ________(spend) the summer among the mountains in two weeks.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】is spending
【解析】
【详解】考查主谓一致、动词时态。句意：弗兰克和他的父母、姐姐两周后要去山间避暑。分析句子成分，together with遵循就远原则，谓语动词要与离其最远的主语，即Frank，为第三人称；句末有时间状语in two weeks，意为“两周后”，为将来时，故谓语动词要用be doing表将来，表示已经计划好将来要做的事情。故填is spending。
87. Both students and their parents are waiting for the results of the college entrance examination in ________(anxious). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】anxiety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：学生和家长都在焦急地等待高考结果。设空处作介词in的宾语，名词anxiety“焦虑，忧虑”符合句意。故填anxiety。
88. People are calling for the production of ________(effect) medicine to conquer the virus. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】more effective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：人们正在呼吁生产更加有效的药品来对抗病毒。medicine是名词需要用形容词effective作定语，根据句意可知，空处应填形容词比较级，effective为多音节形容词用more构成比较级。故填more effective。
89. His only chance for ________(survive) was finding the suitable blood type. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他唯一的生存机会就是找到合适的血型。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词survival“生存”，作介词for的宾语。故填survival。
90. The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by___________ she was rescued. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位妇女给救她的士兵写了一封感谢信。分析句子可知，by ① she was rescued为定语从句，修饰先行词the soldier，设空处为引导词，在从句中作介词by的宾语，故填whom。
八、书面表达(共5小题, 每小题3分, 满分15分＋5分书写)
请根据括号所给的关键词使用M1WU-M1U4所学的词汇、短语、句型进行句子翻译。
91. Stephen成功的秘诀很容易理解。(主语＋be＋adj. ＋不定式) （汉译英）
【答案】The key to Stephen’s success is easy to understand.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句式。表示“……的秘诀/关键”用短语“the key to...”，to为介词，其后跟名词；表示“Stephen的成功”用Stephen’s success，作to的宾语；结合句意，本句陈述的为客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时。主语the key为单数含义，所以be用is；表示“容易”用easy；表示“理解”用to understand，结合题干要求使用的句式，故翻译为：The key to Stephen’s success is easy to understand.
92. James从不放弃,并总是想呈现他最好的一面。(Never位于句首,部分倒装) （汉译英）
【答案】Never does James give up and always wants to show his best.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和部分倒装句。表示“放弃”应用动词短语give up;表示“呈现最好的一面”短语为show one’s best;作动词的宾语；表示“从不”的否定副词never; Never位于句首，应使用部分倒装。根据句意可知本句应使用一般现在时。故翻译为Never does James give up and always wants to show his best。
93. 那场大雨让他们很难按时完成工作。(heavy rain; it做形式宾语) （汉译英）
【答案】The heavy rain made it difficult for them to finish the work on time.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和it作形式宾语。表示“那场大雨”应用the heavy rain；表示“让他们很难完成工作”应用make it difficult for them to finish the work，it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“按时”应用on time。故翻译为The heavy rain made it difficult for them to finish the work on time.
94. 运动员们正在争夺球时，比赛突然结束了。(be doing. . when. . . ) （汉译英）
【答案】The players were fighting for the ball when the game came to an abrupt end.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。“运动员们”使用可数名词复数players，“争夺”使用动词短语fight for，“结束”使用动词短语come to an end，“突然”使用形容词abrupt作定语，修饰名词end，“正在做某事……这时突然……”使用固定结构be doing...when...，此处描述过去发生的事情，故when前用过去进行时，when后用一般过去时，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：The players were fighting for the ball when the game came to an abrupt end.。
95. 直到Jenny听说张桂梅的故事的时候，她才下定决心成为一名教师。(hear of; 强调句式) （汉译英）
【答案】It wasn’t until Jenny heard of Zhang Guimei’s story that she made up her mind to be a teacher.
【解析】
【详解】考查not until的强调句结构。分析句子可知，本句描述过去发生的事实，应用一般过去时，且应用not until的强调句型“It was not until+从句+that......”表示。表示“Jenny听说张桂梅的故事”应用Jenny heard of Zhang Guimei’s story；表示“她下定决心成为一名教师”应用she made up her mind to be a teacher，其中make up one’s mind to do ，表示“下定决心做”，综上可得答案。故翻译为It wasn’t until Jenny heard of Zhang Guimei’s story that she made up her mind to be a teacher.
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