2023届统考版高考英语二轮专项分层特训阅读理解保分练(五)词句猜测题——词义猜测类含答案

阅读理解保分练(五)　词句猜测题——词义猜测类

A

[2022·郑州市高三质检]My granddaughter entertains herself outside a closed shop. I have no idea what day it is—I haven't known for 10 months. I have moved to a different city to provide child care so that my daughter can work.

Everything I observe these days is from a young child's eye view. I must be experiencing time and place in a way I haven't done before. I have let go of all the experiences we're missing because I'm focused on what matters to this child at any given moment. Puddles (水洼), obviously. Rocks held lovingly in her small fist the whole way home. Burying balls that have sailed over the tennis court fence and landed in the sandbox, and her face lighting up when they are dug up. Every single time.

My job is to wait and watch. Let her try things, comfort her when she falls down, and keep her safe. Bring snacks, push her on a swing, but mostly let her be. Tell her the names of all the things she points to. Take her hand when she offers it because she is in a slightly unfamiliar area. The two of us never hurry. This lifestyle change astonishes me every day.

Who knows how her new brain processes all this? I have been forced by circumstance into the arms of the people I need to take care of me. Taking care of my granddaughter is a front. In fact, she gave me much more.

In March 2020, I lost my younger daughter. I can't say it was entirely unexpected. My younger daughter battled mental illness. She was only 27 years old. She put herself through long treatment programs to reduce her pain. It was as if the whole world had gone on leave with me. I had company for a few brief days after my younger daughter's death, and then I was alone. I signed up for the various things that might reduce my suffering. I stayed home for 15 weeks without touching another person.

Now a very small girl waits for me, watches me, comforts me, keeps me safe，and takes my hand.

1．Why has the author lost track of time?

A．She feels bored with her present life.

B．She has suffered from a mental disease.

C．She enjoys being with her granddaughter.

D．She is in sorrow over the loss of her daughter.

2．The underlined word “front” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．

A．deal    B．must

C．burden    D．cover

3．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?

A．The author's effort to save her younger daughter.

B．The measures taken to reduce the author's suffering.

C．The younger daughter's battle against mental illness.

D．The pain caused by an unbearable loss to the author.

4．What does the author want to express in this passage?

A．It's a child who has helped her to slowly recover.

B．Staying with grandchildren is a comfort for elders.

C．Family members should help each other out of pain.

D．Physical separation has harmful effects on one's health.

B

[2022·石家庄市高三质检]Ice­coated vines (葡萄藤) stretched across hillsides around Chablis, France, as the region had a temperature of －5 ℃ on Monday. Fruit growers are worried that the frost will kill off large numbers of early buds (花蕾) and disturb the whole growing season.

The frost is particularly disturbing after a similar phenomenon hit French vineyards last year, leading to some 2 billion euros in losses. Scientists later found that the damaging 2021 frost was more likely made by climate change.

Some growers tried to warm the vines with electrical lines, or set up special watering systems, or spray (喷洒) the buds with water to protect them from frost. The water creates a thin layer of ice that ensures the buds' temperature remains around freezing point but does not drop much lower.

Daniel­Etienne Defaix, whose vineyard has been producing wine for 400 years and lived through many climate disasters, calls what's happening now “a very, very serious frost”. He placed candles on the soil to protect about five hectares of his most valuable grapes, but had to leave the remaining 25 hectares to face the force of nature. At a cost of 10 euros per candle, and 600 candles per hectare, it was too costly to save the rest of the grapes.

The 2021 April frost led to what French government officials described as “probably the greatest agricultural disaster of the beginning of the 21st century”. The pattern was similar: an intense April 6～8 frost after a lengthy warm period in March.

The researchers concluded that the warming caused by humans had coaxed the plants so that they exposed their young leaves earlier than usual, before a burst of Arctic cold reached Europe in April.

5．What did Daniel­Etienne Defaix do to protect his vines?

A．Heat the vines with electrical lines.

B．Spray the buds with water.

C．Set up special watering systems.

D．Warm the vines with candles.

6．What can we infer from the text?

A．Growers can save most of their crops.

B．The 2022 frost is the worst in history.

C．Humans are to blame for the damage.

D．The weather was normal last March.

7．What does the underlined word “coaxed” in the last paragraph mean?

A．Protected.    B．Dried.

C．Tricked.    D．Delayed.

8．Which is the best title of the text?

A．Causes for Early Budding

B．Late Frost Threatens Vine Crops

C．Creative Ways to Save Vines

D．Global Warming Brings Extreme Weather

C

[2022·广州市高三测试]Feeling overloaded by your to­do list can certainly make you unhappy, but new research suggests that more free time might not be the elixir many of us dream it could be.

In a new study released last week, researchers analyzed data from two large­scale (大规模的) surveys about how Americans spend their time. Together, the surveys included more than 35，000 respondents. The researchers found that people with more free time generally had higher levels of subjective well­being—but only up to a point. People who had around two hours of free time a day generally reported they felt better than those who had less time. But people who had five or more hours of free time a day generally said they felt worse. So ultimately the free­time “sweet spot” might be two to three hours per day, the findings suggest.

Part of finding this seemingly tricky “sweet spot” has to do with how people spend the extra time they have, the researchers behind the new study argue. They conducted several smaller online experiments. In one they asked participants to imagine having 3.5 to 7 free hours per day. They were asked to imagine spending that time doing “productive” things (like exercising) or to imagine doing “unproductive” activities (like watching TV). Study participants believed their well­being would suffer if they had a lot of free time during the day—but only if they used it unproductively. Though that experiment was hypothetical, which is one limitation of the new research, it's certainly in line with other research showing that being in a state of “flow” can be good for people's mental health.

Of course, what feels “productive” is up to you. Many traditionally productive or purposeful activities can be easy and fun. Engaging in a bit of low­key cardio, like walking and jogging，can help reduce stress. Free­time activities like reading or cooking are also known to put people in a state of “flow”．

9．What does the underlined word “elixir” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A．Magic solution.

B．Physical power.

C．Psychological test.

D．Relaxed atmosphere.

10．How did the researchers carry out the new study?

A．By doing large­scale online surveys.

B．By giving interviews and mental tests.

C．By comparing respondents' backgrounds.

D．By conducting experiments and analyzing data.

11．What is a distinct finding of the new research?

A．Doing unproductive things leads to

unhappiness.

B．Being in a state of “flow” benefits people's mental health.

C．Man's well­being is positively related to the free time they have.

D．How people spend their free time affects their sense of well­being.

12．What is the focus of the last paragraph?

A．The importance of reducing stress.

B．Easy and fun activities to kill time.

C．Further explanation of being productive.

D．The benefits of engaging in free­time activities.

[答题区]

阅读理解保分练（五）

A

语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——个人经历——心灵的安慰

【文章大意】　作者在失去小女儿后一度陷入悲伤，直到去照顾她的外孙女，心里才渐渐感到了一些安慰。

1．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段的内容和第二段中的“I have let go of...moment”可知，作者在这10个月里一直照顾她的外孙女，并且任何时候都将所有的精力集中在她的身上，所以不知道具体是什么日子。

2．答案与解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“I have been forced...much more”可知，作者被迫投入需要照顾她的人的怀抱；照顾外孙女只是个front；事实上，外孙女给了作者更多。据此可知，front是个名词，是作者对照顾外孙女的行为的看法。作者认为，实际上不是她照顾外孙女，而是外孙女给了她更多的安慰，所以front的意思应该是“幌子”，和选项D意思最为接近。

3．答案与解析：D　段落大意题。通读第五段可知，该段主要陈述了作者在失去小女儿后经历的痛苦：仿佛和世界分离、感到孤独、参加各种能减轻痛苦的活动、不愿意接触他人。

4．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，现在一个小女孩在等着我、看着我、安慰我、保护我并牵着我的手。结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述作者在失去小女儿后一度陷入悲伤，直到去照顾她的外孙女，心里才渐渐感到了一些安慰。据此可知，是一个孩子帮助她慢慢恢复。

B

语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——灾害防范——晚霜影响葡萄生长

【文章大意】　在法国夏布利的山区，当地的葡萄园遭受了零下5摄氏度的霜冻袭击。去年法国葡萄园也出现了类似现象。本文介绍了当地人对此采取的措施并分析了造成这一现象的原因等。

5．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“He placed candles...most valuable grapes”可知，Daniel­Etienne Defaix中Defaix是用蜡烛来取暖以保护他的葡萄藤的。故选D。

6．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段研究者们得出的结论可知，是人类造成了气候变暖，进而对这些植物产生了影响，因此人类应对这些损害负责。故选C。

7．答案与解析：C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“so that they exposed...Europe in April”可知，此处是说人类造成的（气候）变暖让这些植物比往常更早地露出了它们的嫩叶，也就是说这些植物受到了欺骗。故选C。

8．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，在法国夏布利的山区，当地的葡萄园遭受了零下5摄氏度的霜冻袭击。去年法国葡萄园也出现了类似现象。本文介绍了当地人对此采取的措施并分析了造成这一现象的原因等。因此B项“葡萄作物受到晚霜威胁”可作本文最佳标题。故选B。

C

语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——研究发现——空闲时间与个人幸福的关系

【文章大意】　研究发现人的幸福感跟空闲时间的长短无关，而跟空闲时间的使用率相关。

9．答案与解析：A　词义猜测题。画线词位于but之后，根据逗号前面的“Feeling overloaded by your to­do list can certainly make you unhappy”和语境可知，任务太多会让人不快乐，但是，研究发现太多的空闲时间也不见得就是解决问题的灵丹妙药，故A项与画线词的意思最为接近。

10．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。结合第二段中的“researchers analyzed data from two large­scale （大规模的） surveys”和第三段中的“They conducted several smaller online experiments”可知，研究者通过实验和数据分析进行了相关研究，故D项正确。

11．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Part of finding this seemingly tricky ‘sweet spot’ has to do with how people spend the extra time they have”可知，新的研究的一个独特发现是人们如何度过空闲时间决定了他们是否快乐，故D项正确。

12．答案与解析：C　段落大意题。根据最后一段首句中的“what feels ‘productive’ is up to you”和空后列举的具体活动可知，尾段内容主要是对productive的进一步解释说明。