初中英语中考复习 专题12 书面表达说明文-备战2020年中考语法专项突破+题型特训

这是一份初中英语中考复习 专题12 书面表达说明文-备战2020年中考语法专项突破+题型特训，共6页。试卷主要包含了书面表达的体裁，写作方法和技巧等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、书面表达的体裁
书面表达是一项能够充分考查学生语言综合运用能力的题型。主要有以下常用形式。
1.记叙文
记叙文以记叙或描写为主要手段，通过写人、记事、写景把事情的经过或者事物发展变化的过程表述出来。记叙文有“六要素”：时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。
写作的时候需要注意以下几点：
(1)仔细审题，确定好主题和写作视角，打好腹稿。
(2)文章安排要讲究前后过渡，留有伏笔，相互照应。
(3)文章内容要丰富充实，前后呼应，首尾相扣。
2.应用文
主要包括：书信（包括电子邮件）、日记、通知、启事、便条、发言稿、倡议书、调查报告。它们各有各的格式，注意审题，把握有关信息。
3.说明文
主要包括介绍地点、人物、图片图表说明、旅游安排、工作程序等。我们可以从以下两个方面着手训练：
(1)写作顺序：应对事物的特征做出直接、明确的说明。说明顺序可以分时间顺序、空间顺序和认知顺序等。
(2)写作方法：说明文的写作方法一般有列举说明、举例说明、定义说明和比较说明等。
二、写作方法和技巧
1.细心审题，明确要求。
审题时要对所提供的信息加以分析、整理，使之更加具体化、条理化，还要搞清题目的要求，以便根据不同的题材、体裁，写出不同格式的文章，此外，还要注意人称、时态、地点等信息，避免出错。
2.抓住重点，理顺要点。
根据题目所提供的信息，草拟提纲，分清各要点之间的内在联系及逻辑次序，分出层次，确保表达内容条理清楚。
3.遣词造句，表达规范。
用词要适当，不可生拼硬凑。尽量使用短句（简单句），正确使用 关联词，注意时态、语态的各种句式的交替作用，使文章显得得体，表达流畅。
4.连句成篇，修改润色。
将写好的句子组织起来，检查主题是否明确，表达方式是否恰当，所写内容是否切题，所用时态、人称是否符合要求，段落、句子是否完整，句子表达是否准确，语法、拼写、标点、移行、大小写等方面是否有误，还要注意文章词数是否达到了要求。
书面表达专题 1 说明文
（一）
被誉为“情歌小王子”的徐杰在2009年参加了一系列的比赛和综艺活动，从而成为深受大家喜爱的小歌手。请根据下面的中文小档案写一篇英语小短文，介绍他的情况。文章开头已给出。要求：80词左右；语法正确，意思连贯。
姓名：徐杰
英文名：Jeff
生日：1998年9月16日
出生地：台湾
家庭成员：父母、妹妹、弟弟
兴趣：音乐、钓鱼、下棋、弹钢琴、唱歌、跳舞
喜爱的歌手：梁静茹（Fish Leng）、张韶涵（Angela Chang）
喜欢的季节：秋天
喜欢的颜色：蓝色
最大的梦想：成为歌手
Xu Jie is very ppular as a little singer nw. _____________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（二）
香港是中国领土的重要组成部分之一，请根据提示写一篇短文，简要介绍香港的情况(词数80左右)。
1.位置(华南，紧邻广东省)。
2.人口(630万，中国人为主)。
3.回归(take ver)，是香港人民及全国人民的愿望。
4.国际大都市(internatinal city)，被誉为东方之珠(the Oriental Pearl)和购物天堂(Shpping Heaven)，海洋公园(the Ocean Park)不容错过。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（三）
世界在发展，文化在交融，英语已经成为人们沟通的桥梁。怎样学好英语是我们一直在探索的问题。几年的学习经历你一定积累了许多成功的经验，请从听、说、读、写四方面谈谈你的建议。
要求：1. 词数：80—100词(开头已给出，不计入总词数) 2. 字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确，逻辑清晰。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（四）
你所在的地区要举办一届服装节，你要负责传统服装的介绍。中国的服装有着悠久的历史，最具代表性的有唐装、旗袍……请你对自己熟悉的传统服装作个介绍，词数在60—80之间。
Ladies and gentlemen，
It’s my hnr t intrduce ... _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（五）
昨天是母亲节，你为妈妈做了一道水果沙拉。根据参考词汇，用英语写一篇短文，叙述你制作水果沙拉的过程。词数在80个左右。
1. Wash different fruits and peel(剥皮);2. Cut them and mix them up(混合); 3. Add salad, cream and stir(搅拌)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（六）
因为各种各样的原因，读书是一种很好的爱好，请谈谈读书的好的理由。
参考词：1. fun；relaxing（放松）；2. cnvenient (方便)；3. useful (有用的)
（七）
从现实生活的角度谈谈安全防范意识，写一篇不少于80个单词的说明文（开头已经给出，单词数忽略不计）。
Sme Advice n Safety
Always play in a safe place. A park is a safe place because there is n cars r trucks.___________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（八）
发挥想象，为日常生活中的某件物品设计添加新功能，同时说明设计理由。体裁属于说明文，时态以一般现在时为主，人称可根据具体情况确定。
参考范文
（一）
Xu Jie is very ppular as a little singer nw. Jeff is his English name. He was brn in Taiwan n September 16, 1998. There are five peple in his family — his parents, his yunger sister and yunger brther. He is very interested in music, fishing, and chess. He als likes playing the pian, singing and dancing. His favurite singers are Fish Leng and Angela Chang. Autumn is his favurite seasn, and he likes blue best. His dream is t becme a singer in the future.
（二）
Hng Kng lies in the suth f China. It is next t Guangdng Prvince. Hng Kng has a ppulatin f ver 6,300,000. Mst peple there are Chinese. In building new Hng Kng, the Chinese peple play a very imprtant part. Hng Kng was taken ver by China n July 1st, 1997. It is the wish f all Chinese peple, including the peple f Hng Kng.Hng Kng is knwn as the Oriental Pearl and Shpping Heaven. It is a beautiful internatinal city. If yu have a chance t g there, yu shuld have a gd visit t the Ocean Park.
This is Hng Kng, an imprtant part f China.
（三）
Hw t learn English well
English is imprtant and useful t us. Hw can we learn it well? Here are my suggestins.
First, we shuld ften listen t the tapes, English sngs and prgrams. Watching English mvies is als helpful t us. Secnd, we shuld speak English in class as much as pssible. Dn’t be afraid f making mistakes. The mre yu speak, the fewer mistakes yu’ll make. We'd better jin the English club and practice with thers. Third, we can read mre English newspapers and magazines. It’s gd fr us. At last, we shuld recite sme gd passages and keep diaries.
In a wrd, as lng as we d mre listening, speaking, reading and writing, we will learn English well.（四）
Ladies and gentlemen,
It’s my hnr t intrduce Chinese traditinal cstumes t yu. First, let’s lk at the Tang cstume. The Tang cstume stands fr Chinese histry and fashin culture. It has a lng histry. It became knwn t ther cuntries during the Han and Tang dynasties. Peple can wear it n casual r frmal ccasins. It expresses bth the wearer’s persnal style and China’s rich traditinal culture. Nw let’s see anther Chinese traditinal cstume—chengsam. Peple usually call the chengsam “qipa” in mst parts f China. It came int histry in the Qing dynasty and began t becme ppular in the 1920s. Nw mre and mre peple like it. Many freign wmen like it, t.
That’s all. Thank yu fr listening.
（五）
Mther’s Day
Yesterday was Mther’s Day. I made a dish f fruit salad fr my mm. First, I tk an apple, a pear, sme purple grapes, an range and sme bananas. Then I washed and peeled them. After that I cut them int small pieces and put them n the plate, and then I added sme sugar, a little salad and sme cream. The last thing I did was t stir and mix them up. I put the purple grapes arund the plate, and my fruit salad lked mre beautiful. After I finished my fruit salad, I put it n the table and sang sme sngs t my mm. My mm felt s happy, and I was very happy, t.
(六)
Reading bks is a gd hbby fr all kinds f reasns. First, reading bks is fun. Yu can always keep yurself happy if yu like reading. This is especially useful when the weather is bad. It is a relaxing hbby, t. Yu can really becme lst in a bk.
Next, Reading is a cnvenient hbby，yu can read a bk anywhere: in a car, in a waiting-rm, n a plane r in bed. it is easy t stp and then start again.
Anther gd reasn fr reading bks is that it is useful. Reading bks makes yu read faster and becme easier at understanding what yu read，the mre yu read, the better yu are. Reading bks is a wnderful hbby. Why nt start reading right nw?
（七）
Sme Advice n Safety
We must always be careful. Yu can play in the park because there is n cars r trucks. But d nt talk t strangers. Befre crssing the rad, stp and lk bth ways. Keep away frm huses r buildings that are being built. Smething might fall n yur head, r yu might cut yurself n brken glass. Medicines r pills can be dangerus. Never swallw any pills r medicines yu find in the cupbard. Dn’t swim in the pl r river withut adults. It's dangerus t fall int the water.D nt put yur head ut f a car, bus r train. Many children have been killed by ding this.
(八)
My Magic Shes
T make ur life easier and the envirnment mre beautiful, I have designed a pair f magic shes. Cmpared t the traditinal nes, they have three new unique functins.
Firstly, the shes are made frm specially prduced recycled paper which can stand high pressure and temperature and will never wear ut.
Secndly, there's n need fr yu t wash them, fr they wash themselves.
Mst magically, they can be used as a means f transprtatin. When yu want t get smewhere quickly, they will speed up by themselves and yu will have a sense f flying. Because f these shes, in the future fewer and fewer peple will drive cars. In this way ur wrld will be greener and cleaner.