2022-2023学年辽宁省辽阳市第一中学高三年级12月月考 英语（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省辽阳市第一中学高三年级12月月考 英语（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，邀请信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

英语试卷
（满分120分 考试时间120分钟）
一、阅读理解（共30分）
Visiting the Metrplitan Museum f Art
Address 1000 Fifth Avenue, New Yrk, NY 10028
Hurs Sunday-Tuesday and Thursday: 10 am-5 pm
Friday and Saturday: 10 am-9 pm
Wednesday: Clsed
General Admissin Prices
$25 fr adults; $17 fr senirs; $12 fr students.
Free fr members and children under 12.
Three Membership Pssibilities
*$110 per year: membership fr ne adult and free admissin fr ne guest per visit.
*$210 per year: membership fr tw adults and free admissin fr tw guests per visit.
*$600 per year: membership fr tw adults and free admissin fr fur guests per visit.
Jin tday and take a free guest r free guests n every visit, and enjy special access t new exhibitins, discunts n shpping, and s n.
Grup Visits
Advance reservatins are required fr all adult and student grups f 10 r mre, and fr any third- party guided tur, regardless f size.
In additin, we ask that all grups visiting the museum fllw the guidelines belw:
*Membership and ther discunts d nt apply t grup admissin.
*All individuals lecturing in the galleries must make a request fr a lecture badge (徽章). A lecture badge is nly available t grups that have made a reservatin in advance.
*The staff f the museum lecturing in the galleries have the right t be given attentin first.
Please give way t turs and prgrams led by the museum.
*Lecturing is nt allwed in special exhibitins.
If yu have questins, please cntact us at metturs@metmuseum.rg.
1．When can a persn visit the Metrplitan Museum f Art nrmally?
A．At 3 pm n Mnday.B．At 9 am n Friday.
C．At 10 am n Wednesday.D．At 8 pm n Tuesday.
2．Hw much will a nn- member cuple with their 11-year-ld sn pay?
A．$67.B．$50.C．$25D．$37.
3．Which guideline shuld grup visits fllw?
A．Lecturing is allwed in any exhibitin.
B．Membership applys t grup admissin.
C．A lecture badge is available t all grups.
D．Any third- party guided tur shuld bk in advance.
As cities arund the wrld try t be smart, sme have becme stupid instead.
S, what is a “stupid city”? It is a city that gives in t urban sprawl( 扩张), with peple mving frm central areas t less-crwded cmmunities, said Mr. Nichlas Yu, a directr f the Guangzhu Institute fr Urban Innvatin in China. Such cmmunities are heavily reliant n cars.
Anther prblem Mr. Yu stressed is that public administratin bdies in “stupid cities’’ tend t wrk alne, refusing t share data that culd help develp slutins t urban prblems. He made the pint during a discussin n urban transfrmatin in Asia, saying, “A real smart city is ne that lks at everything as a whle—yu can’t lk at water issues withut lking at energy.”
A Suth Krean member, Mr. Jng Sung Hwang, suggested that sme f the biggest barriers t creating a smart city are cultural. Suth Krean sciety is less frgiving f mistakes, nted Mr. Jng. Fr example, sme in Seul tried t push fr an intelligent traffic system but were met with resistance frm the plice. He said, “We have ideas, data and even mney, but we culd nt make it happen.”
India, hwever, is nt adpting a ne-size-fits-all apprach t create smart cities fr its 1.3 billin peple, said a member frm India.
In Singapre, which launched its Smart Natin initiative( 行 动 ) in 2014, the authrities fear that technlgy can wrsen the divide between the haves and the have-nts, said Dr. Limin Hee, directr fr research at the Centre fr Liveable Cities here. “Thankfully, many cities are cnsidering such issues as hw t make better use f data and technlgy t create smart cities,” she added.
4．What can we learn abut a smart city?
A．It encurages urban expansin.
B．It has few peple in its central areas.
C．It slves urban prblems by sharing data.
D．It treats every issue as a separate unit.
5．Why is it impssible t push an intelligent traffic system in Seul?
A．Peple are tlerant f mistakes.
B．The plice are afraid f making mistakes.
C．The gvernment is lacking enugh mney.
D．The traffic system in Seul is very advanced.
6．What prblem might India face when creating smart cities?
A．Its ppulatin is decreasing.
B．It has n examples t fllw.
C．It fails t adpt a universally right system.
D．It lacks advanced technlgies.
7．What d Singaprean authrities wrry abut the technlgy?
A．The disapprval f the public.
B．Mre mney spent than expected.
C．The develpment f cities being limited.
D．The increasing gap between the rich and the pr.
Tday, we study literature frm a yung age—learning abut ur histries, faraway wrlds and influential peple. Whether we ntice r nt, these stries—bth fictin and nn-fictin—guide us thrughut ur lives. They allw us t see the wrld thrugh anther’s eyes, pen up ur wrld and teach us abut every subject knwn t man.
Despite their imprtance, many peple thrw ut their ld bks—laying waste the wisdm that lies n each page. In an effrt t save this knwledge and share it with thse less frtunate, a garbage man in, Bgta, Clmbia has been saving thrwn-away bks fr 20 years and sharing them with thse in need.
“I hated t see all the bks in the dustbins f wealthier neighbrhds. S I started t rescue them,’’ said Gutierrez. The first bk he fund was a cpy f the classic nvel Anna Karenina. The Tlsty bk was later jined by The Little Prince, Sphie's Wrld, The Iliad and a number f nvels. Tday, he has cllected arund 25,000 bks.
His grwing cllectin didn’t g unnticed. Gutierrez’s neighbrs were sn brrwing the bks t help with their children’s hmewrk. “There was a lack f them in ur neighbrhd, s we started t help,”said Gutierrez.
The grund flr f Gutierrez’s hme is nw filled with bks, frm flr t ceiling. Over spilling with bks, he pened it up as a free library, with the help f his wife Luz Gutierrez and their three children.
Wrd eventually spread arund abut Gutierrez and his bks. Mst f the bks nw cme frm dnatins. He nw travels arund the cuntry, delivering free bks t pr and remte districts. The library, named “The Strength f Wrds", has dnated bks t sme 235 schls, institutins and cmmunity libraries acrss Clmbia.
8．Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic f the text?
A．By stating sme facts.
B．By cntradicting a thery.
C．By describing a scene.
D．By referring t dcuments.
9．What did the Tlsty bk mean t Gutierrez?
A．A heavy financial burden.
B．A cmpanin in difficult times.
C．The beginning f his charity campaign.
D．One f his greatest achievements in life.
10．Which saying des Gutierrez's stry lead us t believe?
A．A gd bk is a light t the sul.
B．A bad beginning makes a bad ending.
C．Actins speak luder than wrds.
D．One man's garbage is anther man' s treasure.
11．What's the best title fr the text?
A．Tlsty bks recvered frm dustbins.
B．Literature nw appeals t garbage cllectrs.
C．Free libraries ppular with neighbrhd kids.
D．Garbage man builds a library frm rescued bks.
Researchers fund brushing yur teeth three r mre times per day is linked with lwer risk f heart failure and atrial fibrillatin—a heart cnditin that causes an irregular and ften abnrmally fast heart rate.
One pssible thery behind the discvery is that frequent tth brushing reduces bacteria living in the pcket between the teeth and gums, preventing it frm entering the bld stream. Existing studies shw pr ral hygiene(口腔卫生) leads t bacteria in the bld, causing inflammatin(炎症) in the bdy. Inflammatin increases the risks f irregular heartbeat and heart failure, where the heart’s ability t pump bld r relax and fill with bld is weakened.
In their new research, scientists in Suth Krea examined the cnnectin between ral hygiene and ccurrence f these tw cnditins in a series f studies f mre than 161,000 participants aged between 40 and 79.
Participants underwent a rutine medical examinatin between 2003 and 2004 and infrmatin was cllected n height, weight, labratry tests, illnesses, lifestyle, ral health, and ral hygiene behavirs. During a fllw-up f ten and a half years n average, three percent f participants develped atrial fibrillatin and arund five percent develped heart failure.
The lead investigatr f the new study is Tae-Jin Sng, a dctr and prfessr at Mkdng Hspital at Ewha Wmans University in Seul, Suth Krea, said: “We studied a large grup ver a lng perid, which adds strength t ur findings.” But he als nted that the analysis was limited t ne cuntry and as an bservatinal study des nt prve causatin.
An accmpanying editrial states: “It is certainly t early t recmmend tth brushing fr the preventin f atrial fibrillatin and cngestive heart failure. While the rle f inflammatin in the ccurrence f heart and bld vessels’ disease is becming mre and mre evident, further studies are needed t explain strategies f public health imprtance.”
12．Which is true abut frequent tth brushing?
A．It reduces the risk f heart failure.B．It prmtes the heart beat faster.
C．It rids the bldstream f bacteria.D．It weakens the hearts’ ability t pump bld.
13．What des the underlined part “these tw cnditins” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A．Inflammatin and bacteria.
B．Heart failure and atrial fibrillatin.
C．Oral hygiene and ccurrence f heart failure.
D．The heart’s ability t pump bld r relax and fill with bld.
14．It can be inferred that the utcme f the research .
A．is discuraging.B．has its limit.C．has its variety.D．is unexpected.
15．Frm which is this text prbably taken?
A．A magazine.B．A diary.C．A guidebk.D．A nvel.
二、七选五（共10分）
Hw t Imprve Math Skills
Make math part f yur life. Take the pprtunity t put yur math skills t wrk in new and different situatins utside yur nrmal rutine.____16____Fr example, if, say, a sweater that's regularly$38 is n sale fr 30% ff, what is the sale price? Or if yu plan t hike a new trail that's 7 miles lng and it takes yu 20 minutes t walk a mile, hw lng shuld yu plan fr yur hike t take?
Make studying math a pririty.____17____Ding s will help yu avid prcrastinating(拖延)and make it easier t get int "math" mde(模式)instead f sitting and staring blankly at the math bk fr 10 minutes. After putting in yur study time, reward yurself by ding smething yu enjy. It will encurage yu t get thrugh yur math wrk and help yu assciate it with smething pleasurable.
Take a break every hur.___18___Yu wn't be able t maintain necessary fcus and yu'll quickly tire yurself ut. Instead, take a quick break t stand up, stretch, get a drink, r use the bathrm every hur.
____19____In math, each tpic builds upn the next, s, much like reading, it's difficult t make frward prgress if yu haven’t mastered all f the necessary steps. If yu're struggling with a particular idea r cncept, dn't skip it and mve ahead.___20___
A．Slve prblems neatly and cmpletely.
B．Master ne cncept befre mving n t the next.
C．Take the time t apply math in cmmn situatins.
D．Avid trying t slve math prblems in yur head.
E．Dn't try t wrk hard thrugh fur unbrken hurs f math prblems.
F．Instead, seek help frm the instructr r the tutr until yu've mastered the idea.
G．Set aside time t wrk n math at the same time and in the same place every day.
三、完形填空（共30分）
Last summer, I travelled t Meixian Cunty with my friends. It is a small cunty at the ft f Taibai Muntain in Shanxi Prvince. We stayed there fr ne week and I__21__ my vacatin because f the beautiful scenery at the tp f the muntain.
I will__22__ frget the day when we climbed the main peak (山顶). The __23__in that area changes very quickly: it was sunny in the early mrning when we set ut, __24__ it began t rain heavily when we were nly halfway up.
Sn,we were all__25__ and sme f us wanted t g hme. They said, “There is nthing__26__ here. We came t see the scenery,__27__the puring rain!” Hwever, the guide__28__, “Since we have gt wet already, why nt just g n with ur jurney?”
S we carried n up the muntain and,__29__we even nticed, the rain stpped and the sun was smiling again. When we reached the tp f the peak, the view was unique (独特的).
Up there, it was bright and clear. The sky was__30__and the air was fresh. The gentle wind made us feel cl. All the cluds were just like waves in the cean, __31__ and falling under ur feet. We culd nly see the peaks f muntains, as if they were __32__ flating sparsely (稀疏的) in the cean. It was a really magical experience.
While we were enjying the scene, the guide said __33__,“Yu see, I knew that there wuld be n rain abve the cluds.”
It is __34__. While it may rain belw the cluds, the sun is still there abve them.
Yu will never see the sun __35__ yu dn’t try yur best t climb t the tp f the muntain. If we had stpped and gne hme when the rain was very heavy, we wuld never have seen the beautiful scenery __36__ the cluds. I think this is als true in __37__.
As the sng says, “Yu wn’t see the rainbw unless yu have gne thrugh the thunder and strm.” I think in the__38__, whenever I have any difficulties in my life, I will remember the__39__frm the tp f Taibai Muntain and the __40__ which tuched my heart deeply: There is n rain abve the cluds.
21．A．spentB．killedC．hadD．enjyed
22．A．everB．neverC．certainlyD．perhaps
23．A．sceneryB．cludC．skyD．weather
24．A．sB．whileC．butD．instead
25．A．tiredB．hungryC．angryD．wet
26．A．necessaryB．funC．imprtantD．instructive
27．A．ntB．nC．neverD．hardly
28．A．suggestedB．rderedC．askedD．demanded
29．A．whenB．befreC．whileD．then
30．A．darkB．greenC．blackD．blue
31．A．jumpingB．drppingC．gingD．rising
32．A．islandsB．fishC．animalsD．waves
33．A．excitedB．prudlyC．angrilyD．happily
34．A．falseB．certainC．wrngD．true
35．A．whenB．unlessC．ifD．while
36．A．verB．nC．abveD．under
37．A．studyB．restC．wrldD．life
38．A．pastB．presentC．futureD．life
39．A．weatherB．changeC．viewD．time
40．A．wrdB．phraseC．speechD．sentence
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文（共15分）
Researchers find that___41___large amunt f African dust can blw all the way acrss the Atlantic Ocean and fall n Nrth and Suth Americas.
African dust strms can harm air quality_____42_____ the cean. But new research by scientists frm sme cuntries _____43_____ (shw) the strms als can d sme gd. ____44____is fund that an average f 28 millin metric tns f Saharan dust falls in Suth America’s Amazn River basin each year. Scientists say the dust is an imprtant____45____(prvide) f fertilizer. “Yes, it’s_____46_____(surprise) because f the huge amunt f dust and phsphrus(磷), ___47___ is a nutrient that plants need_____48_____(grw),” ne f them says.
In fact, the phsphrus_____49_____(fall) frm the sky is abut the same as the amunt that rivers carry ut each year. The thick rainfrest and the desert dust _____50_____(jin) tgether n ne small planet.
五、邀请信（共10分）
51．假定你是校电视台英语节目“Ideas”的负责人李华，请给外教Cary写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：
1．节目介绍;
2．访谈的时间和话题。
注意：
1．词数100左右;
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Cary,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
六、读后续写（共25分）
52．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My teacher, Ms. Dixn, sent me t sit in the crner fr a while t quiet the class. I didn't understand at all. I knew hw t perate the recrd player. And besides, nt everyne had steady hands r the knw-hw t play a recrd withut damaging it.
S why was it, I wndered, that the class gt upset when I tried t take ver and shw Marcia hw t handle the recrd player the right way? I was nly trying t help, as I had dne many times befre. I als culdn't understand why the teacher had sent me t the crner. I was taught t always help my classmates if they didn't understand r knw hw t d smething. If anything, I thught the class was wrng in their judgment f me. I thught the teacher was certainly wrng in siding with them.
When everyne was excused fr recess(休息), Ms. Dixn kept me in. I figured that I was in serius truble, but I still didn't understand hw my actins culd have caused the teacher t react like this. I had never been in truble s bad befre.
"Why am I here and nt at recess?" I asked Ms. Dixn.
The teacher didn't say a wrd. Instead, she placed a wrd puzzle in frnt f me. I guessed Ms. Dixn wanted me t d it, s I gt ut my pencil and attempted t slve it. This was like n ther puzzle I had dne befre. It was difficult, with wrds I didn't understand. I raised my hand fr help, but Ms. Dixn ignred me. Maybe Ms. Dixn was just keeping me in t prtect me frm the ther students' mean wrds.
I struggled with the wrd puzzle until I was abut t give up and thrw it away. But I was nt a quitter, and s I stayed with the challenge. Once I gt ne wrd. I was able t get anther, and sn I had slved the prblem by myself.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I felt prud and raised my hand high t get Ms. Dixn's attentin.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I finally understd that I was actually rbbing them f their chance t learn by themselves.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
1．A 2．B 3．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了参观Metrplitan艺术博物馆的相关要求和须知。
1．细节理解题。根据“Hurs”项下内容“Sunday-Tuesday and Thursday: 10 am-5 pm (周日至周二和周四：上午10点至下午5点)”可知在周一下午3点是可以去参观Metrplitan艺术博物馆的；故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据“General Admissin Prices”项下内容“$25 fr adults; $17 fr senirs; $12 fr students./ Free fr members and children under 12. (成人25美元；老年人17美元；学生12美元。/会员及12岁以下儿童免费。)”可知对于非会员来说，一对夫妇需要50美元，11岁的儿童是免费的；故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据“Grup Visits”项下内容“Advance reservatins are required fr all adult and student grups f 10 r mre, and fr any third- party guided tur, regardless f size. (所有10人或以上的成人和学生团，以及任何第三方导游团，无论人数多少，都必须提前预订。)”可知任何第三方导游团无论人数多少，都必须提前预订；故选D项。
4．C 5．B 6．C 7．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。当世界各地的城市都在努力变得智慧时，有些城市反而变得愚蠢了。文章介绍了“愚蠢城市”存在的问题、一些国家在创建智慧城市中遇到的阻碍以及如何创建智慧城市的方法。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Anther prblem Mr. Yu stressed is that public administratin bdies in “stupid cities’’ tend t wrk alne, refusing t share data that culd help develp slutins t urban prblems.”(尤强调的另一个问题是，“愚蠢城市”的公共管理机构倾向于单干，拒绝分享有助于解决城市问题的数据。)和最后一句“A real smart city is ne that lks at everything as a whle—yu can’t lk at water issues withut lking at energy.”(一个真正的智慧城市是一个将一切都作为整体看待的城市——你不可能不考虑能源就考虑水问题。)可知，智慧城市通过共享数据来解决城市问题。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Suth Krean sciety is less frgiving f mistakes, nted Mr. Jng.”(Jng指出，韩国社会对错误不那么宽容。)和第三句“Fr example, sme in Seul tried t push fr an intelligent traffic system but were met with resistance frm the plice.”(例如，首尔的一些人试图推动智能交通系统，但遭到了警方的抵制。)可知，在首尔推广智能交通系统是不可能的，因为警察害怕犯错误。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第五段“India, hwever, is nt adpting a ne-size-fits-all apprach t create smart cities fr its 1.3 billin peple, said a member frm India.”(然而，一位来自印度的成员表示，印度并没有采取一刀切的方法来为其13亿人口创建智能城市。)可知，在创建智能城市时，印度可能面临它没有采用普遍正确的制度的问题。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“In Singapre, which launched its Smart Natin initiative( 行 动 ) in 2014, the authrities fear that technlgy can wrsen the divide between the haves and the have-nts”(新加坡于2014年启动了“智能国家”计划，当局担心科技会加剧贫富之间的差距)可知，新加坡当局担心科技会加剧贫富之间的差距。故选D。
8．A 9．C 10．D 11．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在过去20年，清洁工Gutierrez收集别人丢弃的书籍达几万册，经整理后在自家设置图书馆，以造福邻里和穷人的故事。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Tday, we study literature frm a yung age—learning abut ur histries, faraway wrlds and influential peple. Whether we ntice r nt, these stries—bth fictin and nn-fictin—guide us thrughut ur lives. They allw us t see the wrld thrugh anther’s eyes, pen up ur wrld and teach us abut every subject knwn t man.”（今天，我们从小就开始学习文学——学习我们的历史、遥远的世界和有影响力的人物。不管我们是否注意到，这些故事——包括虚构的和非虚构的——引导着我们的生活。它们让我们透过别人的眼睛看世界，打开我们的世界，教给我们人类所知的每一门学科。）可知，作者首先陈述了有关文学图书对人类的重要性的一些事实，从而引出了Gutierrez从垃圾中搜集旧书籍筹建图书馆的故事。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“The first bk he fund was a cpy f the classic nvel Anna Karenina.”（他找到的第一本书是一本经典小说《安娜·卡列尼娜》。）可知，托尔斯泰的《安娜·卡列尼娜》一书是Gutierrez收集到的第一本文学书籍，是他的免费图书馆的起点。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。通读文章可知，本文主要讲述清洁工Gutierrez收集别人丢弃的书籍，整理后在自家设置图书馆，以造福邻里和穷人。别人扔掉的旧书，在Gutierrez那里，却成为了宝贝。所以Gutierrez的故事让我们相信“一个人的垃圾可能是另一个人的宝贝。”故选D项。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“In an effrt t save this knwledge and share it with thse less frtunate, a garbage man in, Bgta, Clmbia has been saving thrwn-away bks fr 20 years and sharing them with thse in need.”（为了保存这些知识并与那些不幸的人分享，哥伦比亚波哥大的一名垃圾管理员20年来一直在保存废弃的书籍，并与那些有需要的人分享。）以及后续内容可知，本文主要讲述清洁工Gutierrez搜集旧书籍，为孩子们筹建免费图书馆的事情，D项“清洁工用抢救出来的书建造一座图书馆”最能体现此意。故选D项。
12．A 13．B 14．B 15．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员发现，每天刷牙三次或三次以上可以降低心力衰竭和心房纤颤的风险。心房纤颤是一种心脏疾病，会导致心率不规则和异常快。文章还介绍了这项研究开展的过程，以及其他人对此研究结果的看法。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers fund brushing yur teeth three r mre times per day is linked with lwer risk f heart failure and atrial fibrillatin—a heart cnditin that causes an irregular and ften abnrmally fast heart rate.(研究人员发现，每天刷牙三次或三次以上与降低心力衰竭和心房纤颤的风险有关。心房纤颤是一种心脏疾病，会导致心率不规则和异常快)”以及第二段中“One pssible thery behind the discvery is that frequent tth brushing reduces bacteria living in the pcket between the teeth and gums, preventing it frm entering the bld stream.(这一发现背后的一个可能理论是，频繁刷牙减少了牙齿和牙龈之间的细菌，阻止它们进入血液)”由此可知，关于频繁刷牙的叙述中，A选项“可以降低心力衰竭的风险”正确。故选A。
13．词义猜测题。根据第一段“Researchers fund brushing yur teeth three r mre times per day is linked with lwer risk f heart failure and atrial fibrillatin—a heart cnditin that causes an irregular and ften abnrmally fast heart rate. (研究人员发现，每天刷牙三次或三次以上与降低心力衰竭和心房纤颤的风险有关。心房纤颤是一种心脏疾病，会导致心率不规则和异常快)”由此可知，画线短语所在句意思为：在一项新的研究中，韩国科学家对年龄在40岁到79岁之间的16.1万多名参与者进行了一系列研究，以检验口腔卫生与上述两种疾病，即心力衰竭和心房纤颤的发生之间的联系。画线短语指的是“心力衰竭和心房纤颤”。故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But he als nted that the analysis was limited t ne cuntry and as an bservatinal study des nt prve causatin.(但他也指出，该分析仅限于一个国家，作为一项观察性研究，并不能证明因果关系)”由此可推知，本研究的成果有其局限性。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段“Researchers fund brushing yur teeth three r mre times per day is linked with lwer risk f heart failure and atrial fibrillatin—a heart cnditin that causes an irregular and ften abnrmally fast heart rate.(研究人员发现，每天刷牙三次或三次以上可以降低心力衰竭和心房纤颤的风险。心房纤颤是一种心脏疾病，会导致心率不规则和异常快)”结合文章还介绍了这项研究开展的过程，以及其他人对此研究结果的看法。文章属于医学发现类，结合选项可推知，文章最有可能选自一本杂志。故选A。
16．C 17．G 18．E 19．B 20．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何提高数学能力的方法。
16．根据后文Fr example, if, say, a sweater that's regularly$38 is n sale fr 30% ff, what is the sale price? Or if yu plan t hike a new trail that's 7 miles lng and it takes yu 20 minutes t walk a mile, hw lng shuld yu plan fr yur hike t take?可知例如，如果一件通常售价38美元的毛衣打了30%的折扣，那么折扣价格是多少？或者，如果你计划徒步旅行一条7英里长的新路线，而走一英里需要20分钟，你应该计划徒步旅行多长时间？由此可知，空格后面列举了运用数学知识解决生活中实际遇到的问题的例子，说明是建议在日常情况中应用数学。故C选项“花时间在常见的情况下应用数学”符合语境，故选C。
17．根据上文Make studying math a pririty.(优先学习数学)后文Ding s will help yu avid prcrastinating(拖延)and make it easier t get int "math" mde(模式)instead f sitting and staring blankly at the math bk fr 10 minutes.可知这样做会帮助你避免拖延，让你更容易进入“数学”模式，而不是坐在那里呆呆地盯着数学书10分钟。由此可知，本句是在说明能够避免拖延的一种具体办法，那就是优先学习数学，每天在相同的时间和地点留出时间来做数学。故G选项“每天在相同的时间和地点留出时间来做数学”符合语境，故选G。
18．根据上文Take a break every hur.(每小时休息一下)以及后文Yu wn't be able t maintain necessary fcus and yu'll quickly tire yurself ut.(你无法保持必要的注意力，很快就会筋疲力尽)由此可知，空格前面一句话提到每小时都要稍微休息下，空格后面提到长时间学习的危害，故本句承上启下，说明不要连续很多个小时连续做数学题，否则会很快疲劳。故E选项“不要试图连续四个小时做数学题”符合语境，故选E。
19．根据后文In math, each tpic builds upn the next, s, much like reading, it's difficult t make frward prgress if yu haven’t mastered all f the necessary steps.可知在数学中，每一个主题都是建立在下一个主题之上的，所以，就像阅读一样，如果你没有掌握所有必要的步骤，就很难取得进步。由此可知，后文提到在数学方面，每一道题目都以下一个题目为基础，说明要先掌握概念，再做题。故B选项“掌握一个概念，然后再进行下一个”符合语境，故选B。
20．根据上文If yu're struggling with a particular idea r cncept, dn't skip it and mve ahead.可知如果你正纠结于一个特定的观点或概念，不要跳过它不管，继续进行下一个。由此可知，本句承接上文，说明遇到很费脑子的某个观点或概念正确的解决办法是：向导师寻求帮助，直到你掌握了这个观点。故F选项“相反，向导师寻求帮助，直到你掌握了这个观点”符合语境，故选F。
21．D 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．A 29．B 30．D 31．D 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．C 36．C 37．D 38．C 39．C 40．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者和朋友们在山中旅行，大雨不期而至。在导游的劝说下，大家继续登山，不知不觉中，雨停了，景色也更美了。通过这次经历，作者深切感悟到“不经历风雨，怎么能见到彩虹”的道理。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在那里呆了一个星期，我很享受我的假期，因为山顶的美丽风景。A. spent花费，度过；B. killed杀死；C. had拥有；D. enjyed享受。由下文中“beautiful scenery”可以推断出作者很享受自己的假期。故选D。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记我们登上主峰的那一天。A. ever曾经；B. never从不；C. certainly当然；D. perhaps也许。根据下文“frget the day when we climbed the main peak”可知，作者永远不会忘记我们登上主峰的那一天。故选B。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个地区的天气变化很快。A. scenery景色；B. clud云；C. sky天空；D. weather天气。由下文“it was sunny in the early mrning when we set ut, ___4___ it began t rain heavily when we were nly halfway up”可以推断出天气变化无常。故选D。
24．考查连词辨析。句意：:我们清早出发的时候还是阳光明媚，但走到半路就下起了大雨。A. s因此；B. while当……时候；C. but但是；D. instead而不是。根据上文“it was sunny”和下文“it began t rain”可知，前后是转折关系，空格处是but。故选C。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，我们都湿透了，有些人想回家。A. tired疲惫的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. angry生气的；D. wet湿的。根据“it began t rain heavily”可知，我们都湿透了。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这里没什么好玩的。A. necessary必要的；B. fun有趣的；C. imprtant重要的；D. instructive有益的。根据上文“we were all___5___ and sme f us wanted t g hme”可知，有的同学觉得这里没什么好玩的，空格处是“有趣的”。故选B。
27．考查副词辨析。句意：我们是来看风景的，不是来看倾盆大雨的！A. nt不是；B. n没有；C. never从不；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“We came t see the scenery”可知，句子表示“我们是来看风景的，不是来看倾盆大雨的”。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，向导建议:“既然我们已经淋湿了，为什么不继续我们的旅程呢？”A. suggested建议；B. rdered命令；C. asked询问；D. demanded要求。根据下文“why nt just g n with ur jurney”可知，这是向导的建议。故选A。
29．考查连词辨析。句意：于是我们继续往山上走，在我们注意到之前，雨已经停了，太阳又露出了微笑。A. when当……时候；B. befre在……之前；C. while 当……时候；D. then然后。根据下文“we even nticed, the rain stpped and the sun was smiling again”可知，句子表示“在我们注意到之前，雨已经停了，太阳又露出了微笑”。故选B。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天空是蓝色的，空气是新鲜的。A. dark黑暗的；B. green绿色的；C. black黑色的；D. blue蓝色的。根据上文“the sun was smiling again”和“it was bright and clear”可知，天空是蓝色的，空气是新鲜的。故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的云就像海洋中的波浪，在我们的脚下起起伏伏。A. jumping跳跃；B. drpping落下；C. ging离开；D. rising上升。根据上文“All the cluds were just like waves in the cean”可知，所有的云就像海洋中的波浪，在我们的脚下起起伏伏，空格处意为“上升”。故选D。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们只能看到山峰，仿佛它们是漂浮在海洋中的岛屿。A. islands岛屿；B. fish鱼；C. animals动物；D. waves海浪。从后文的“flating sparsely in the cean”可知，云层中的山脉像海洋中的岛屿。故选A。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们欣赏这美景的时候，导游自豪地说:“你看，我就知道天上不会下雨。”A. excited激动的；B. prudly自豪地；C. angrily 生气地；D. happily开心地。根据下文“I knew that there wuld be n rain abve the cluds”可知，向导觉得自己的预测正确，因此讲话时他自然而然带着自豪的口吻。故选B。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是真的。A. false错误的；B. certain确信的；C. wrng错误的；D. true真实的。联系前文“Yu see, I knew that there wuld be n rain abve the cluds”及“While it may rain belw the cluds, the sun is still there abve them”可知，风雨过后见彩虹是真的。故选D。
35．考查连词辨析。句意：如果你不努力爬到山顶，你就永远见不到太阳。A. when当……时候；B. unless除非；C. if如果；D. while当……的时候。根据下文“yu dn’t try yur best t climb t the tp f the muntain. If we had stpped and gne hme when the rain was very heavy”可知，此处表示一种假设的情况，空格处用“如果”。故选C。
36．考查介词辨析。句意：如果我们在雨下得很大的时候停下来回家，我们就不会看到云上美丽的风景了。A. ver越过；B. n在上面；C. abve超过；D. under在……下面。登到山顶，我们看到的是云层上面的景色。根据上文“All the cluds were just like waves in the cean, ___11___ and falling under ur feet”可知，句子表示“如果我们在雨下得很大的时候停下来回家，我们就不会看到云上美丽的风景了”。故选C。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想在生活中也是如此。A. study学习；B. rest休息；C. wrld世界；D. life生活。根据下文“whenever I have any difficulties in my life”可知，作者把登山的情景和生活联系在一起，句子表示“我想在生活中也是如此”。故选D。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，将来当我在生活中遇到困难的时候，我一定会想起从太白山顶上看到的风景，想起那句深深触动我心灵的话：云上无雨。A. past过去；B. present现在；C. future未来；D. life生命。联系后文“whenever I have any difficulties in my life, I will remember the___19___frm the tp f Taibai Muntain”可知，此处表示将来的情况。故选C。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，将来当我在生活中遇到困难的时候，我一定会想起从太白山顶上看到的风景，想起那句深深触动我心灵的话：云上无雨。A. weather天气；B. change改变；C. view观点，风景；D. time时间。根据下文“frm the tp f Taibai Muntain”可知，将来当作者在生活中遇到困难的时候，作者会想起从太白山顶上看到的风景。故选C。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，将来当我在生活中遇到困难的时候，我一定会想起从太白山顶上看到的风景，想起那句深深触动我心灵的话：云上无雨。A. wrd单词；B. phrase短语；C. speech演讲；D. sentence句子。冒号后面“There is n rain abve the cluds”是一个句子，因此本空应选sentence。故选D。
41．a 42．acrss 43．shws 44．It 45．prvider 46．surprising 47．which 48．t grw 49．falling 50．are jined
【分析】文章讲述非洲沙尘暴虽然影响空气质量，但是也带来了一些好处，这些灰尘是南美亚马逊热带雨林重要的肥料提供者。
41．考查短语。句意：研究者们发现，大量的非洲灰尘能够吹过大西洋落在北美和南美。a large amunt f意为“大量的”。故这里用a。
42．句意：非洲沙尘暴能够穿过海洋影响空气质量。联系上句的acrss the Atlantic Ocean可知，这里用acrss。
43．考查谓语动词。句意：但是一些国家的新的研究显示沙尘暴也有一些好处。此句主语new research，故谓语动词用shws。
44．考查形式主语。此句that引导的主语从句that an average f 28 millin metric tns f Saharan dust falls in Suth America’s Amazn River basin each year.放在后面，故这里用形式主语It。
45．考查名词。句意：科学家们说这些灰尘是肥料的重要提供者。根据句意可知这里用名词prvider。
46．考查形容词。句意：由于大量的灰尘和磷是很令人惊讶的。故这里用surprising。
47．考查定语从句。这里构造了非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which指代先行词phsphrus并在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。
48．非限制性定语从句表示的是“磷是植物成长需要的一种营养”，这里用不定式表示目的。故填t grw。
49．考查后置定语。句意：事实上，从天空落下的磷大约和每年河流带出的磷一样多。这里用现在分词作后置定语，表示和逻辑主语phsphrus的主动关系，故用falling。
50．考查动词时态和语态。句意：茂密的雨林和沙漠灰尘在这个小的星球上结合在一起。此处讲述的是一般性情况，应用一般现在时，根据句意可知应用被动语态，“被结合在一起”，故填are jined。
51．范文
Dear Cary,
Hw are yu? This is the first time that I have invited yu t attend ur prgram—Ideas. It is ten years since Ideas was established. This is an amazing prgram where yu can share yur ideas with students.
Nw, when having truble in learning English well, plenty f students hpe t knw hw t deal with it. As ur distinguished freign language teacher, yur aid can help us a lt. If yu are available n this Sunday, I am waiting fr yur cming.
I’d appreciate it if yu take my invitatin int cnsideratin and am lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生作为电视台英语节目“Ideas”的负责人李华，请给外教Cary写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加，出席：attend→ be present/participate in
大量的：plenty f → a lt f
帮助：aid→ assistance
处理，解决：deal with→ slve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As ur distinguished freign language teacher, yur aid can help us a lt.
拓展句：Our distinguished freign language teacher give us s much aid, which can help us a lt.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This is an amazing prgram where yu can share yur ideas with students.（运用了where引导的限制性定语从句。）
【高分句型2】Nw, when having truble in learning English well, plenty f students hpe t knw hw t deal with it.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句以及从句的省略用法。）
52． I felt prud and raised my hand high t get Ms. Dixn's attentin. Ms. Dixn walked ver t me, picked up the finished puzzle, and smiled. "I'm glad that yu learned this imprtant lessn frm me." I was cnfused. She hadn't dne anything, hadn't given me help in any way. Nw she was taking the credit fr my hard wrk! Ms. Dixn wrte an "A" n my paper. "Nw perhaps yu have learned t let ther students make discveries n their wn. After all, that is the fun f learning."
I finally understd that I was actually rbbing them f their chance t learn by themselves. And I als knew hw the thers felt when I tried t take ver and d things fr them. Thugh I had a gd intentin t help thers and thught I was ding thers a favr, I had taken away their chance t find ut hw gd it feels when they figure things ut by themselves. At that mment, I realized it was meaningful t tell peple hw t d it, rather than just ding things fr them.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在课堂上帮助同学们操作唱片机，但是同学们不喜欢作者这样帮他们，同时老师也让作者到角落里独自先待一会。作者为此感到不解。下课时，老师让其他学生休息，却让作者在教室待着，让他做字谜。字谜很难，当作者想求助老师时，老师却不理会作者。最后作者不得不自己解决一个又一个难题，独自做完字谜。作者为此感到很骄傲，老师也夸赞他，并告诉他，要让同学们独立地发现新问题，而不是一味地给予帮助。通过这件事作者明白了，自己帮助同学们其实是在剥夺他们学习的机会，告诉别人怎么做要比替别人做更有意义。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我感到很骄傲，于是举起手来引起Dixn老师的注意”可知，第一段可描写老师看到作者独自完成字谜后，给了他一个高分，并告诉他，自己这样做是为了让作者明白要让同学自己去发现问题解决问题，而不是帮他们做。
②由第二段首句内容“我终于明白，我剥夺了他们自学的机会。”可知，第二段可描写作者明白了自己帮助同学们操作唱片机其实是在剥夺他们学习的机会，同时明白了，告诉别人怎么做要比替别人做更有意义。
2.续写线索：完成字谜——给老师看——老师给作者评高分——老师告诉作者自己这样做的目的——作者的感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走向某人：walk ver t sb./cme t sb.
②帮助某人：help sb./d sb. a favr/give sb. a hand
③解决出：figure ut/wrk ut
情绪类
①困惑的：puzzled/cnfused
②高兴的：glad/pleased/happy
【点睛】[高分句型1] Thugh I had a gd intentin t help thers and thught I was ding thers a favr, I had taken away their chance t find ut hw gd it feels when they figure things ut by themselves.（运用thugh引导的让步状语从句和hw引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] At that mment, I realized it was meaningful t tell peple hw t d it, rather than just ding things fr them.（运用了it is+形容词+t d的句型）