（新课标）Unit 4 Amazing science 单元测试 （含答案）

Unit 4 Amazing science 单元测试题

本试题卷共5页，全卷满分80分，考试用时80分钟。

注意事项：

1. 考生答题全部在答题卷上, 答在试题卷上无效。

2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卷上所粘贴条形码的姓名、准考证号码是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、准考证号码用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卷及试题卷上。

3. 选择题作答必须用2B铅笔将答题卷上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。非选择题作答必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卷上指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。

4. 考生不得折叠答题卷，保持答题卷的整洁。考试结束后，请将试题卷和答题卷一并上交

一、完形填空（每小题1分，共计10分）

The computer is a very wonderful machine. It is a very    （1）    today. It seems that we can not live or work without it. Computers    （2）    in many ways---in offices, in factories, in big shops, at schools, and even at home.    （3）    The computer, people are living a better life.

The computer is one of the greatest inventions of the    （4）    century. The first computer was built in America and it was named Eniac. It was not only very    （5）   , but also quite heavy. It was as big as two rooms!

But the computer is developing very fast. Today they are becoming smaller and smaller, lighter and lighter, and    （6）    faster and faster. There are many different kinds of computers on the market. You can choose any one you like.

   （7）    The computer can do a lot of things for people, it helps us to learn about the real world. With the computer you can    （8）     an e-mail just in a few seconds to your friend far away from you, but it will take the post office quite a long time to deliver a    （9）    to your friend.

Now the computer really gives us a very nice picture about the world of tomorrow. So as a student in the 21st century, we have to work hard and learn how to   （10）   the computer very well. Don't you think so?

（1）A．beautiful B．interesting C．popular D．enjoyable

（2）A．were using B．are used C．use D．used

（3）A．On B．In C．Among D．With

（4）A．18th B．19th C．20th D．21st

（5）A．useful B．large C．small D．cheap

（6）A．studying B．teaching C．walking D．working

（7）A．With B．As C．Like D．By

（8）A．give B．take C．post D．send

（9）A．letter B．book C．help D．message

（10）A．get B．use C．read D．write

二、阅读理解（11-25小题每小题2分，26-30每小题1分，共计35分）

A

 Jupiter(土星) is the fifth planet from the sun and it is the largest one in the solar system. It is about 11 times bigger than the earth. Jupiter's strangest thing is its huge red spot. Pictures taken from space tell us that the red spot is probably a hurricane(飓风). It is so big that the earth would fit right in the middle of it. Sometimes the hurricane looks like a huge oven with orange-red waves (波浪). Some other time the color almost disappears.

 On the earth, hurricanes move. We can watch them travel across water to land. Jupiter's red spot also moves. Scientists say it “walks”. It is carried along by air in Jupiter's atmosphere(大气层).

 So far, Jupiter has been visited by four spacecrafts. All of them flew by Jupiter very quickly. On the next trip to Jupiter, a spacecraft will stay near the planet much longer. New information will be sent back to the earth. Soon scientists will know much more about this strange red spot in the atmosphere.

（11）According to the passage, Jupiter's red spot is probably ________.

A．many huge stones B．a huge ocean

C．a hurricane D．the color of the atmosphere

（12）Jupiter is the ________ planet from the sun in the solar system.

A．11th B．5th C．1st D．4th

（13）Compared with the size of the earth, Jupiter's red spot is ________.

A．smaller B．the same size

C．11 times bigger D．larger  

（14）Earth's hurricanes are like Jupiter's red spot because they both ________.

A．move B．have the same color  

C．travel across water to land D．have the same shape

（15）Which of the following is NOT true?

A．So far, four spacecrafts have visited Jupiter.

B．The color of the Jupiter's hurricane sometimes disappears.

C．Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system.

D．Next spacecraft will land on the Jupiter and take back some stones.

B

 With the development of science, more and more students don't like taking notes by hand. Instead, they use digital cameras to take pictures of the words that their teachers write on the blackboard or record what their teachers say in class.

 The children might think there are too many notes to take or their teachers write or speak so fast that they can't take more specific notes. They are trying to find ways to make things easier, so they use digital cameras. In fact, children are very clever to make use of technology.

 But do digital cameras really make taking notes easier?

 Not really. Before you read notes from digital cameras, there are a lot of things you have to do. To begin with, you have to find a computer. Then you need to copy the photos into the computer. Next, you have to find a printer(打印机) to print the photos. Another thing is that you can't hear the sound from the digital cameras clearly because there is usually lots of noise. You will have to listen to it slowly several times before you understand everything.

 In fact, taking notes by hand has many advantages. For example, it can help you remember and understand what you are learning. In order to save time, you can choose the most important things or the things you don't understand to write down. You don't have to write down everything.

 Don't be afraid to take notes by hand. It's really an effective(有效的) way.

（16）Why do more and more students take notes with digital cameras but not by hand?       

A．Because they want to take right notes.     

B．Because their teachers want them to do so.

C．Because they want to make taking notes easier.

D．Because they always want to try new things.

（17）The underlined word “specific” means “_______” in Chinese.       

A．具体的 B．可能的 C．必需的 D．微妙的

（18）How many steps do the students need to read the notes from digital cameras?       

A．Four. B．Three. C．Two. D．One.

（19）Which of the following is TRUE about taking notes?       

A．You shouldn't be afraid to write down everything.

B．To save time, you should remember instead of taking notes.

C．You should write down all the words that your teachers write on the blackboard.

D．You only need to write down what you don't understand or some key words.

（20）What does the writer think is the best way to take notes?       

A．By taking pictures of the words that teachers write.

B．By recording what teachers say in class.

C．By using a computer.

D．By taking notes with your hand.

C

  On February 18, NASA’s Perseverance rover（“毅力”号火星车）made a historic landing on the surface of Mars.

This is the fifth rover NASA has sent to Mars and it is full of firsts. It will be the first rover to search for signs of ancient life. A helicopter（直升机）will fly on the planet for the first time as well. The rover is also better at solving problems on its own than previous（先前的）rovers.

Landing a spacecraft on Mars isn’t easy. It had to go through the “seven minutes of terror”（惊险七分钟）, as NASA calls the landing process, all by itself. Since it takes 11 minutes for a radio signal to travel from Earth to Mars, NASA couldn’t control the craft during the porcess.

The spacecraft hit the top of the Martian atmosphere（大气层）moving at 12,000 miles per hour （19,300 km per hour） and had to slow down to 1.7 miles per hour （2.7 km per hour） within seven minutes before landing. Drag（空气阻力）that was created by the atmosphere slowed it down.

At the same time, the surface of the craft heated up to about 1,300℃. This high temperature could melt（融化）the rover! But since the craft’s heat shield （抗热涂层）was able to take in most of this heat, Perseverance itself only reached room temperature.

The craft then used both a parachute（降落伞）and a sky crane（空中吊车）to slow itself down to finally reach Mars. A video of the landing was later shared online, allowing people all over the world to see the amazing moment. The rover even recorded audio on Mars for the first time just after landing, getting the sounds of Martian wind.

（21）Why was Perseverance sent to Mars?

A．To make a video. B．To take a helicopter to the planet.

C．To look for signs of ancient life. D．To check on NASA’s previous rovers.

（22）What did the spacecraft do during the “seven minutes of terror”?

A．It reached a speed of 120,000 miles per hour.

B．It had to slow itself down to get ready for landing.

C．It created drag that helped it land on Mars.

D．It waited for a radio signal from a control room on Earth.

（23）Paragraph 5 tells us travelling through the Martian atmosphere can be _______.

A．dangerous B．interesting C．simple D．slow

（24）Which of the following is True according to the passage?

A．It takes 11 minutes for a rover to travel from Earth to Mars.

B．The high temperature melted Perseverance at last.

C．Perseverance had to go through the landing process all by itself.

D．Perseverance’s landing was covered live.

（25）What is the passage mainly about?

A．Perseverance’s landing process B．Perseverance’s future tasks.

C．Perseverance’s failure. D．Perseverance’s heat.

D

In ancient times, our ancestors（祖先）depended on stars to guide them on a clear night. Today, we have navigational systems to help us find our way, with the latest being the Beidou Navigation Satellite System（北斗卫星导航系统）. The BDS is entirely（完全地）built by Chinese engineers.

At 9：43 am, on Tuesday, June 23rd, 2020, at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center（卫星发射中心）, the last satellite of the third generation of Beidou（北斗三号卫星导航系统）was sent into space. It is the 55th member in the family of BeiDou. It belongs to the BDS. So far, 59 satellites, including the first four test ones, have been launched from Xichang. With the development of China, we have already owned three other famous satellite launch centers-Jiuquan, Taiyuan and Wenchang.

After a period of tests in space, this new satellite has started to work with other Beidou satellites together. It is designed to work for at least 12 years. So far, China has completed the third-generation network of China’s BDS. It was a new milestone in the nation’s space research work. The launch showed our country has completed our largest space-based system. It’s one of four global（全球的） navigation networks, along with the United States’ GPS. Russia’s GLONASS and the European Union’s Galileo.

The BDS has been widely used in our daily life. It has been shared by the whole world. It will provide more services around the world. The BDS is the common wealth of the development of human beings.

（26）Where did China launch the last satellite of the third-generation network?

A．In Wenchang. B．In Jiuquan. C．In Xichang D．In Taiyuan.

（27）This new satellite is the_________ member in the family of Beidou.

A．4th B．55th C．59th D．3rd

（28）What does the underlined word “milestone” mean in Chinese?

A．记录 B．事业 C．起点 D．里程碑

（29）GLONASS belongs to_________.

A．China B．the United States C．Russia D．the European Union

（30）According to the passage, we can know that_________.

A．The last satellite of the BDS was launched at 9：43 pm, on Thursday, June 23rd, 2020

B．The new satellite is designed to work for at most 12 years

C．People depended on navigational systems to find their way in ancient times

D．So far, China has completed the third-generation network of China’s BDS

三、完成句子。（10分）根据所给中文完成句子，每空一词。每空1分。

（31）据说今晚将上演一部新电影。

　     　　     　 that a new movie will be on tonight.

（32）孩子们想知道雨是如何形成的。

The children want to know 　     　 the rain 　     　　     　　     　.

（33）拐杖可以被用来帮助残疾人走路。

Walking sticks can 　     　　     　　     　 helping disabled people to walk.

（34）只要给我机会，我就会证明给你看。

Just give me an opportunity and I'll 　     　 it 　     　 you.

（35）虽然我知道他肯定就在那儿，但他就是不回应。

I know 　     　　        　 that he's there, but he doesn't answer me.

四、综合填空。（每空1分，共计10分。）

How soon will robots become so clever that they will be （36）        to do jobs which human can do, such as teaching language or （37）         after patients in hospital? Some experts believe this will （38）           in twenty years.

UAS, one London company, has （39）          developed a kind of machine. It can be used as "home-helps" for old people. It can also do such things as cooking eggs and cleaning the floor. The company says that the machine will （40）          simple voice instructions and that the machine will be controlled by a latest IBM microcomputer (微机). Mr. Henry, the director of UAS, believes that his （41）         will develop the clever robots for using in industry. By this time they will begin to sell the machines （42）          ordinary homes.

Robots can do much housework, such as washing dishes, cleaning the house and cooking meals. By the way, the（43）          of them may be as little as＄1,000.

But Dr. Sandra believes we have a long way to develop truly intelligent (真正智能化的) （44）            . She says, it can cook an egg. But if one of eggs is bad, it will still cook.

（45）        you ask a robot to do something unusual that needs a man to think, a robot is useless.

五、书面表达（15分）

46.假设你今天参观完科技博物馆后感触很深。请根据以下要点提示，写一篇英语日记，谈谈科技发展对我们生活的影响。

要点：1、网络方便了我们的生活；

2、机器人应用于多个行业；

3、航天工业的发展加快了人们对太空的探索。

要求：1、所写内容要包括要点，可以适当发挥；

2、不少于80词。格式和开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Sunday, October 5th, 2014                                      Sunny

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案：

（1）C；（2）B；（3）D；（4）C；（5）B；（6）D；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）B

【解析】【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了电脑的发展，鼓励学生学会使用好电脑。

（1）句意：今天电脑很受欢迎。A、beautiful漂亮的，B、interesting有趣的，C、popular流行的，受欢迎的，D、enjoyable令人愉快的，根据后面 It seems that we can not live or work without it. 似乎没有电脑我们就不能生活或工作。由此可知，电脑是受欢迎的。故答案为C。

（2）句意：电脑被用于许多方面——在办公室、工厂、大商店、学校，甚至在家里。这里指“电脑被使用”，要用被动语态，一般现在时被动语态，am/is/are+过去分词，故答案为B。

（3）句意：有了电脑，人们生活得更好。A、On在……上面，B、In在……里面，C、Among在……中间，D、with带有，凭借，上文 "without it 没有电脑" 相呼应，这里指“有了电脑”，without的反义词用with，故答案为D。

（4）句意：电脑是20世纪最伟大的发明之一。根据常识可知“电脑是20世纪最伟大的发明物。”故答案为C。

（5）句意：它不仅很大，而且很重。A、useful有用的，B、large大的，C、small小的，D、cheap便宜的，根据后面 It was as big as two rooms! 它有两个房间那么大！可知，那时的电脑很庞大，故答案为B。

（6）句意：今天，它们变得越来越小，越来越轻，运行得越来越快。A、studying学习，

B、teaching教，C、walking走，D、working工作，运行，这里指“电脑运行速度快”，故答案为D。

（7）句意：由于电脑可以为人们做很多事情，它帮助我们了解真实世界。A、With带有，介词，B、As因为，连词，引导原因状语从句，C、like像，介词，D、By通过，介词，引导从句用连词，联系前后两句为原因关系，故答案为B。

（8）句意：有了电脑，你只需几秒钟就可以把电子邮件发给离你很远的朋友。A、give给，B、take带走，C、post邮寄，D、send发送，这里指“发送电子邮件”，故答案为D。

（9）句意：但邮局要花相当长的时间才能把信送到你的朋友那里。A、letter信，B、book书，C、help帮助，D、message消息，根据the post office邮局可知这里指“送信给你的朋友”，故答案为A。

（10）句意：因此，作为一个21世纪的学生，我们必须努力学习如何很好地使用电脑。A、get得到，B、use使用，C、read阅读，D、write写，这里指“使用电脑”，故答案为B。

【点评】考查完形填空， 首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

（11）C

（12）B

（13）D

（14）A

（15）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍土星的相关信息以及对土星的研究发现。

（11）细节理解。根据第1段Pictures taken from space tell us that the red spot is probably a hurricane(飓风)可知土星上的红色斑块很可能是飓风，，故答案为C。

12细节理解。根据第1段Jupiter(土星) is the fifth planet from the sun可知土星是第五大行星，故答案为B。

13细节理解。根据第1段It is so big that the earth would fit right in the middle of it可知土星上的红色斑块比地球大得多，故答案为D。

14细节理解。根据第2段可知地球的飓风是移动的，土星上的红色斑块也是移动的，故答案为A。

15细节理解。根据第3段Jupiter has been visited by four spacecrafts可知A正确；根据第1段Some other time the color almost disappears可知B正确；根据第1段it is the largest one in the solar system可知C正确；根据第4段On the next trip to Jupiter, a spacecraft will stay near the planet much longer可知下一次的宇宙飞船将靠近土星更长时间，而不是登录土星，故答案为D。

【点评】本文属于说明文，阅读时在文章首段确定文章的中心句，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。

（16）C

（17）A

（18）B

（19）D

（20）D

【解析】【分析】本文通过现在越来越多的学生用数码相机做笔记的现象，谈论这种做法的弊端，提出动手做笔记才是最好的方法。

16细节理解。根据第2段They are trying to find ways to make things easier, so they use digital cameras可知他们是为了让事情变得更容易，故答案为C。

17词义猜测。根据句意：孩子们也许认为有太多的笔记要记，或者老师写的或讲的太快以至于他们不能记更……的笔记。所以此处specific意思是“具体的”才符合句子的逻辑，故答案为A。

18细节理解。根据第4段To begin with……Next, ……Another thing is that……可知需要三步，故答案为B。

19细节理解。根据第5段n order to save time, you can choose the most important things or the things you don't understand to write down. You don't have to write down everything可知做笔记可以选择最重要的或者不懂的记下来，不需要记下所有的东西，故答案为D。

20细节理解。根据最后两段可知用手做笔记是最好最有效的方法，故答案为D。

【点评】本文属于议论文，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。

【答案】

21．C    2．B    23．A     24．C     25．A

【分析】

2月18日，NASA的“毅力”号火星车成功着陆火星表面。本文详细的介绍了“毅力”号火星车的着陆过程。

21．细节理解题。根据“It will be the first rover to search for signs of ancient life.”可知“毅力”号火星车是搜索古生物迹象的第一个火星车，因此它的目的是搜索古生物迹象。故选C。

22．推理判断题。根据“The spacecraft hit the top of the Martian atmosphere（大气层）moving at 12,000 miles per hour （19,300 km per hour） and had to slow down to 1.7 miles per hour （2.7 km per hour） within seven minutes before landing. Drag（空气阻力）that was created by the atmosphere slowed it down.”可知火星车需要在着陆之前的七分钟之内降低速度。故选B。

23．推理判断题。根据“At the same time, the surface of the craft heated up to about 1,300℃. ”可知火星车到达火星的过程中，温度达到1300摄氏度，因此是非常危险的。故选A。

24．细节理解题。根据“Landing a spacecraft on Mars isn’t easy. It had to go through the “seven minutes of terror”（惊险七分钟）, as NASA calls the landing process, all by itself. ”可知火星车的着陆只能靠自己。故选C。

25．最佳标题。本文第一段和第二段介绍“毅力”号火星车，第三段到第六段主要介绍火星车的着陆过程，因此A选项最适合做标题。故选A。

26．C    27．B    28．D    29．C     30．D

【分析】

2020年6月23日9点43分，北斗卫星导航系统最后一颗卫星在西昌卫星发射中心成功送入太空。这次发射表明我国已经完成了我国最大的太空系统，是四个全球导航系统之一。北斗系统将为全世界提供更多服务，是人类发展的共同财富。

26．细节理解题。根据“At 9：43 am, on Tuesday, June 23rd, 2020, at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center（卫星发射中心）, the last satellite of the third generation of Beidou（北斗三号卫星导航系统）was sent into space”可知，中国在四川西昌卫星发射中心将北斗导航系统最后一颗卫星送入太空。故选C。

27．细节理解题。根据“It is the 55th member in the family of BeiDou”可知，它是北斗家族的第55个成员，故选B。

28．词义猜测题。根据语境“So far, China has completed the third-generation network of China’s BDS. It was a new milestone in the nation’s space research work. The launch showed our country has completed our largest space -based system.”可知，中国已经建成北斗系统第三代网络，意义重大。由此可猜测milestone应该是“里程碑”的意思，故选D。

29．细节理解题。根据“It’s one of four global (全球的) navigation networks, including the United States’ GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and the European Union’s Galileo.”可知，GLONASS属于俄罗斯。故选C。

30．细节理解题。根据“So far, China has completed the third-generation network of China’s BDS”可知，目前，中国已建成北斗系统第三代网络，故选D。

31.It's；said

32.how；comes；into；being

33.be；used；for

34.prove；to

35.for；certain

【解析】【分析】

31.句型：It's said that据说，故答案为It's said。

32.短语：come into being形成。根据提示可知这是一个由how引导的宾语从句，主语the rain是第三人称单数，故答案为how；comes into being。

33.根据句中的helping可知考查短语：be used for doing sth被用于做某事。can是情态动词，后跟动词原形，故答案为：be used for。

34.短语：prove sth to sb向某人证明某事。will后跟动词原形，故答案为prove；to。

35.短语：for certain无疑地， 确定地。故答案为for certain。

【点评】本题考查固定搭配在语境中的运用，熟记固定搭配，注意在不同的语境中对单词作必要的变形。

36. Able
37. Looking
38. Happen
39. already
40. Accept
41. Company
42. into
43.  Price
44. Machines
45. If

46【解析】【分析】本题是写一篇给定材料的书面表达，写作的话题为日记——参观科技博物馆的感受，在写作时应注意符合题意，根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；语言表达要符合英语习惯。

写作步骤：

一、阅读提示，弄清所有信息，明确写作要点。

      1.今天参观完科技博物馆后感触很深，科技发展影响我们生活。feel excited；have an influence on

      2.网络方便了我们的生活；convenient

      3.机器人应用于多个行业；robots；all kinds of industry。

      4.航天工业的发展加快了人们对太空的探索。space exploration

      5.我们应该努力学习，为科学发展做贡献。make contributions to

二、根据要点，写出关键词、短语或句子。

三、组词成句。连句成篇。注意使用一般现在时。

【点评】本题考查对所学知识的综合运用，熟练使用相关短语、单词和句型，注意词性的搭配，时态的把握，人称的使用等细节问题。