初中英语中考复习 2020年中考时文阅读训练

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2020年中考时文阅读训练篇目一Sydney bush fires combine to form “mega-fire”悉尼丛林大火已成“特大火灾”Firefighters in the Australian state of New South Wales are battling what is being called the worst fire ever seen in the region. Eight different bushfires have combined north of the city of Sydney to form what people have named a "mega-fire". The gigantic fire is just an hour's drive from Sydney. Tens of thousands of homes, businesses and other properties are in its path. The giant inferno is burning across a swath of land covering over 300,000 hectares. The front of the mega-fire is nearly 60km wide. Authorities say it is burning out of control and is too vast to control. Fire Service Deputy Commissioner Rob Rogers said: "We cannot stop these fires. They will just keep burning until conditions ease."The ease with which over 100 separate fires are spreading across the state has got worse by a longtime drought. This is concerning authorities who say it is very early in the season for the ground to be so dry. A spokesman said: "There's a tough couple of months ahead and we've already seen the terrible  effects of fire so far this season." People in Sydney are suffering from dangerous and toxic smoke from the fire. The city is covered in the choking smoke. Residents have received advisories about exercising outside. Locals say it is the "worst ever" fire and is "unprecedented". An official said: "Peoples' emotions are very, very tested and frail at the moment."生词表combine 使结合gigantic 巨大的，庞大的property 财产inferno  地狱swath  一大片（列）hectares 公顷vast 广阔的drought 干旱（时期），旱季toxic 有毒的choking 窒息的，憋闷的resident 居民Unprecedented史无前例的frail脆弱的，虚弱的译文悉尼丛林大火已成“特大火灾”澳大利亚新南威尔士州的消防队员正在与当地有史以来最严重的火灾作斗争。八种不同的森林大火合并在悉尼市北部，形成了人们所称的“特大火灾”。这场大火距离悉尼只有一个小时的车程。数以万计的家庭、企业和其他财产都在这条路上。这座巨大的地狱正在一片面积超过30万公顷的土地上燃烧。这场特大火灾的正面大约60公里宽。当局说，火势已经失控，无法控制。消防局副局长罗布·罗杰斯说：“我们无法阻止这些火灾。它们只会一直燃烧，直到情况缓解。”100多个独立的火灾蔓延到长期干旱使这个州更加恶化。这是有关当局的说法，他们说，现在是非常早的季节，地面是如此干燥。一位发言人说：“接下来的几个月很艰难，我们已经看到了火灾的可怕后果。”悉尼的人们正遭受火灾带来的有害和有毒烟雾的折磨。这座城市笼罩在呛人的烟雾中。居民们收到了关于外出锻炼的忠告。当地人说，这是“有史以来最严重的”火灾，是“史无前例的”。一位官员说：“目前人们的情绪是非常、非常考验和脆弱的。” EXERCISEI  TRUE / FALSE 判断正误1. Firefighters in Australia say a bushfire is one of the worst they've seen. 2. The bushfire is a combination of eight different fires. 3. The bushfire left a path of tens of thousands destroyed homes. 4. A firefighter boss said they cannot stop the fires. 5. A long drought has made the fires worse. 6. Authorities say the ground was too damp for fires to spread.7. A spokesperson said there was a tough few years ahead. 8. Residents in Sydney have received no advice about exercising outside. II MULTIPLE CHOICE 阅读理解1) In what state in Australia are the fires burning out of control?A QueenslandB New South WalesC TasmaniaD Victoria2) How many different bushfires combined to make the "mega-fire"?A 5B 6C 7D 83) How far north of Sydney by car are the fires?A an hourB a quarter of an hourC 90 minutesD a few minutes4) How wide is the front face of the fire?A 40 km, give or take a kilometreB around 50knC roughly 60kmD about 90km5) What did a firefighter say is the only way the fires could be stopped?A if Mother Nature actedB if conditions easedC if a tropical cyclone cameD if the weather turned6) What has exacerbated the fires?A a prolonged droughtB camp firesC permafrostD CO27) What did authorities say was a concern so early in the season?A exploding gas tanksB koalasC dry groundD trash in forests8) What kind of smoke did the article say was in Sydney?A hazardous and toxic smokeB wafting smokeC noxious smokeD thick, black smoke9) What did the article say Sydney was shrouded in?A choking smokeB worryC fearD secrecy10) What did an official say people's emotions were besides tested?A freeB fragileC fraughtD frailIII CLOZE 完形填空Firefighters in the Australian (1) ____ of New South Wales are battling what is being called the worst fire ever seen in the region. Eight different bushfires have (2) ____ north of the city of Sydney to form what people have (3) ____ a "mega-fire". The gigantic blaze is just an hour's drive from Sydney. Tens of thousands of homes, businesses and other properties are in its (4) ____. The giant inferno is burning across a swath of land covering over 300,000 hectares. The front of the mega-fire is (5) ____ 60km wide. Authorities say it is burning out of control and is too (6) ____ to contain. Fire Service Deputy Commissioner Rob Rogers said: "We cannot stop these fires. They will just keep burning until conditions ease."The ease with which over 100 separate fires are spreading across the state has got (7) ____ by a prolonged drought. This is concerning authorities who say it is very early (8) ____ the season for the ground to be so dry. A spokesman said:"There's a tough couple of months (9) ____ and we've already seen the terrible effects of fire so (10) ____ this season." People in Sydney are suffering from dangerous and toxic smoke from the fire. The city is (11) ____ in the choking smoke. Residents have received advisories about exercising outside. Locals say it is the "worst ever" fire and is "unprecedented". An official said: "Peoples' emotions are very, very tested and (12) ____ at the moment."1. (a) hemisphere (b) zone (c) state (d) pact2. (a) combined (b) conspired     (c) condoned (d) convened3. (a) named (b) found (c) got (d) described4. (a) path (b) short cut (c) road (d) street5. (a) near (b) nearly (c) close (d) closed6. (a) vest (b) bust (c) baste (d) vast7. (a) bad (b)badly (c) worse (d) worst 8. (a) by (b) of (c) at (d) in9. (a) ahead (b) forward     (c) future (d) advance10. (a) few (b) far (c) many (d) much11. (a) covering (b) covered       (c) dressing (d) dressed12. (a) happy (b) strong (c) frail (d) calm习题答案I 判断正误1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T5. T 6. F 7. F 8. FII 阅读理解1. B  2. D  3. A  4. C  5. B 6. A  7. C  8. A  9. A  10. DIII 完形填空1.C  2.A  3.A  4.A  5.B  6.A7.C  8.D  9.A  10.B  11.B 12.C译文悉尼丛林大火已成“特大火灾”澳大利亚新南威尔士州的消防队员正在与当地有史以来最严重的火灾作斗争。八种不同的森林大火合并在悉尼市北部，形成了人们所称的“特大火灾”。这场大火距离悉尼只有一个小时的车程。数以万计的家庭、企业和其他财产都在这条路上。这座巨大的地狱正在一片面积超过30万公顷的土地上燃烧。这场特大火灾的正面大约60公里宽。当局说，火势已经失控，无法控制。消防局副局长罗布·罗杰斯说：“我们无法阻止这些火灾。它们只会一直燃烧，直到情况缓解。”100多个独立的火灾蔓延到长期干旱使这个州更加恶化。这是有关当局的说法，他们说，现在是非常早的季节，地面是如此干燥。一位发言人说：“接下来的几个月很艰难，我们已经看到了火灾的可怕后果。”悉尼的人们正遭受火灾带来的有害和有毒烟雾的折磨。这座城市笼罩在呛人的烟雾中。居民们收到了关于外出锻炼的忠告。当地人说，这是“有史以来最严重的”火灾，是“史无前例的”。一位官员说：“目前人们的情绪是非常、非常考验和脆弱的。” 篇目二China grows plants on the moonFor the first time ever, plants from Earth are growing on the moon. The China National Space Administration showed photos of cotton seeds sprouting into life. The administration said the cotton plants were among several plants that were "growing well". Other plants that are now growing on the moon are potatoes, rock cress and rapeseed.The plants are part of a project on China's space mission to the far side of the moon. The project is called a "moon surface micro-ecological circle". Project leader Liu Hanlong says the cotton seeds were the first to sprout. He said the plants were chosen because they were small, strong and could grow in the difficult conditions on the moon's surface.Professor Hanlong said the project's aim was to understand more about how plants grow outside of Earth. The long-term aim is to develop plants that can grow on the moon or on planets like Mars. The professor said: "We have given consideration to future survival in space. Learning about these plants growing in a low-gravity environment would allow us to lay the foundation for our future establishment of a space base." The project also includes yeast and fruit flies. The professor hopes the six organisms in the project will make up a mini-ecosystem. The plants will produce oxygen and food for the fruit flies, and the yeast could manage the flies' waste and the dead plants to provide another food source.材料来源：https://www.bbc.com/news生词表sprout  发芽rock cress  水芹，筷子芥rapeseed  油菜籽consideration 考虑，考察survival  幸存，生存low-gravity 低重力foundation  地基base  基础yeast  酵母（菌）organism  有机物China National Space Administration中国国家航天局 EXERCISEI TRUE / FALSE 判断正误1. Plants have never grown on the moon before this mission. 2. Chinese scientists showed photos of moss growing on the moon. 3. The plants are growing on the far side of the moon. 4. Cotton seeds were the first plants to sprout. 5. Scientists said their long-term aim is to grow plants on Mars.6. Scientists said there are no chances of survival in space.7. There are sixty different organisms in the Chinese eco-system project.8. The article said dead plants will be used to provide oxygen for fruit flies. 

 II  MULTIPLE CHOICE 阅读理解1. What seeds were the first to sprout?A rapeseedB potatoesC cressD cotton seeds2. What is the largest vegetable that is now growing on the moon?A pumpkinsB potatoesC carrotsD tomatoes3. Where on the moon are the plants growing?A where an Apollo spacecraft landedB the part nearest to EarthC the far side of the moonD in a crater4. Why were the plants chosen for this mission?A they were small and strongB they were tastyC they can grow without waterD they don't need light5. What did the article say about the conditions on the moon's surface?A they are favorableB nothingC they are difficultD they are hostile6. Where do the scientists hope to grow vegetables in the future?A in the desertB the moon, or planets like MarsC in spaceD on a space station7. What have the scientists considered regarding the future?A creating new types of vegetablesB moon farmsC space farmsD out future survival in space8. What do the scientists want to establish in the future?A a moon baseB a giant potatoC moon farmsD a new vegetable9. How many organisms did the scientists take to the moon?A fourB fiveC sixD seven10. What will the plants provide for the fruit flies besides food?A nitrogenB oxygenC CO2D NaClIII  CLOZE 完形填空For the first time (1) ____, plants from Earth are growing on the moon. The China National Space Administration showed photos of cotton seeds (2) ____ into life. The administration said the cotton plants were (3) ____ several plants that were "growing well". Other plants that are now growing on the moon are potatoes, rock cress and rapeseed. The plants are (4) ____ of a project on China's space mission to the far side of the moon. The project is called a "moon surface micro-ecological circle". Project leader Liu Hanlong says the cotton seeds were the (5) ____ to sprout. He said the plants were chosen because they were small, strong and could grow in the difficult conditions on the moon's (6) ____.Professor Hanlong said the project's aim was to understand more about how plants (7) ____ outside of Earth. The long-term aim is to develop plants that can grow on the moon or on planets like Mars. The professor said: "We have (8) ____consideration to future survival in space. Learning about these plants growing in a low-gravity environment would allow us to (9) ____ the foundation for our future establishment of a space base." The project also includes yeast and fruit flies. The professor hopes the six organisms in the project will make (10) ____ a mini ecosystem. The plants will (11) ____ oxygen and food for the fruit flies, and the yeast could manage the flies' (12) ____ and the dead plants to provide another food source.1. (a) ever (b) every (c) never (d) overall2. (a) sprouted (b) sprouts     (c) sprouting (d) sprout3. (a) between (b) inside     (c) among (d) under4. (a) parts (b) party (c) partner (d) part5. (a) first (b) firstly (c) firsts (d) firsthand6. (a) level (b) surface (c) flat (d) top7. (a) grown (b) grower     (c) growth (d) grow8. (a) done (b) given (c) taken (d) had9. (a) lie (b) let (c) lay (d) lab10. (a) down (b) on (c) in (d) up11. (a) mix (b) blend       (c) manufacture (d) produce12. (a) swat (b) waste      (c) waster (d) wasted 

 习题答案I 判断正误1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T5. T 6. F 7. F 8. FII 阅读理解1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10.BIII 完形填空1.A2.C 3.C  4.D 5.A 6.B7.D 8.B  9.C 10.D 11.D 12.B  参考译文中国在月球上种植植物来自地球上的植物首次在月球生长。中国国家航天局放出了一张棉花种子发芽的照片。中国国家航天局表示棉花是几种“生长良好”的植物之一。其他种在月球的植物有土豆、筷子芥和油菜籽。种植这些植物是中国月球背面航天任务项目的一部分。该项目被称为“月表微型生态圈”。项目领导人刘汉龙表示棉花种子是都最先发芽的。他表示选择这些植物是因为，它们很小、坚强且可以在月球表面严峻的环境中生长。刘教授表示该项目的目标是了解植物如何在地球之外生长。长期目标是发开可以在月球或火星等其他星球上生长的植物。教授表示：“我们已经在考虑将来在太空生存。了解这些植物在低重力下的生长情况可以使我们为今后建立太空基地奠定基础。”该项目也包括酵母和果蝇。教授希望该项目中的这里六种生物体能够形成一个微型生态系统。这些植物将为果蝇提供氧气和食物，酵母可以处理果蝇的排泄物和植物残体以提供其他食物来源。