2022-2023学年黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省哈尔滨师范大学附属中学高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了11月份阶段性测试等内容，欢迎下载使用。


哈师大附中 2020级高三 11月份阶段性测试
英语试题
本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间为100分钟。
第 I卷
第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分 40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题 2分，满分 30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
King’s College Summer School
King’s College Summer School is an annual training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of King’s College and other colleges in New York. Trips to museums and culture centers are also organized. This year’s summer school will be from July 25 to August 15. More information is as follows:
Application date
⚫ Students in New York should send their applications before July 18, 2023.
⚫ Students of other cities should send their applications before July 16, 2023.
⚫ Foreign students should send their applications before July 10, 2023.
Courses
⚫ English Language
Spoken English: 22 hours Reading and Writing: 10 hours
⚫ American History: 16 hours
⚫ American Culture: 16 hours
Steps
⚫ A letter of self-introduction
⚫ A letter of recommendation
The letters should be written in English with all the necessary information.
Cost
⚫ Daily lessons: $200
⚫ Sports and activities: $100
⚫ Travels: $200
⚫ Hotel service: $400
You may choose to live with your friends or relatives in the same city.
Please write to: Thompson, Sanders
1026 King’s Street
New York, NY 10016, USA
E-mail: KC-Summer-School@yahoo.com

1. Which of the following is true about King’s College Summer School?
A. Only top students can take part in the program.
B. Only the teachers of King’s College give courses.
C. King’s College Summer School is run every other year.
D. Visits to museums and culture centers are part of the program.
2. If you are to live with your relatives in New York, how much will you have to pay the school?
A. $200 B. $400 C. $500 D. $900
3. What information can you get from the text?
A. The program will last two months.
B. You can write to Thompson only in English.
C. You can get in touch with the school by e-mail or by telephone.
D. As a Chinese student, you can send your application on July 14, 2023.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了King’s College Summer School这一项目的相关信息，包括目标群体、申请日期、课程、申请步骤、花费等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Trips to museums and culture centers are also organized. (还组织了参观博物馆和文化中心的活动)”可知，参观博物馆和文化中心是该项目的一部分。故答案为D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cost部分中“You may choose to live with your friends or relatives in the same city (你可以选择和你的朋友或亲戚住在同一个城市)”可知，如果和亲戚或朋友居住在纽约，可以省去酒店的费用；结合其它费用“Daily lessons: $200 (每日课程：200美元)”、“Sports and activities: $100 (体育和活动：100美元)”和“Travels: $200(旅行：200美元)”可知，如果和亲戚住在纽约，共计要花费500美元。故答案为C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Steps部分中“The letters should be written in English with all the necessary information.(这些信应该用英语写，包括所有必要的信息)”和最后一栏的“Please write to: Thompson, Sanders(请写给：Thompson, Sanders)”可知只能用英语给汤普森写信。故答案为B。
B
It was rush hour in the morning. Heather Sant 36, was driving her white 2012 Mazda on the road with her nine-year-old daughter and ten-year-old son in the back. Suddenly, a red pickup truck cut them off. Sant turned the wheel hard to the right, sending the Mazda slide off the road and down an embankment(路堤) that ended in a drop-off after about 50 feet. If the car didn’t stop, it would take off and dive into the road some 20 feet below. Then a bit of luck: as the car raced toward the edge, its undercarriage got stuck, stopping it suddenly.
The people inside, however, were far from safe. The car had come to rest on top of a retaining wall(护墙), balancing on the edge of disaster. One sudden move by anyone inside could throw the car off balance and send it over. Jacob Rodriguez watched everything in terror from the nearby truck company where he works. As an experienced sailor, just like every time he met shipwreck, he whispered a sailing saying “Ship, shipmates, self”, then immediately he and four other men ran to the car. They leaped onto the trunk(后备箱) to balance the weight as the terrified kids in the back seat watched.
Meanwhile, Julio and his nephew Marco, were driving to their jobs at nearby Premier Automotive. Julio jumped out of the car to help while Marco went to the shop, grabbed a strong rope, and returned to the car. He tied the Mazda to an F-350 truck that had been driven over by one of the other rescuers. With the car secured, the group carefully opened the back doors and helped the children out. But their departure shifted the cars weight, causing it to tip forward. The men, still on the trunk, begged Sant to jump into the back seat. She did and then inched out of the back door. Finally, the men carefully got off the trunk. Everyone was safe.
“Another foot,” Rodriguez told USA Today, “and this would be a different story. ”
4. What most probably caused the traffic accident?
A. The Mazda was overloaded. B. Sant was really speeding.
C. The wheel failed to work. D. The pickup cut in abruptly.
5. Why did the men ask Sant to move to the back seat?
A. To open the back door of the car. B. To fasten the rope to the truck.
C. To keep the balance of the car. D. To help the men get off the trunk.
6. What does Rodriguez want to stress in the last paragraph?
A. The timely help offered by rescuers.
B. The excellent cooperation of all the people.
C. The dangerous position where the car stopped.
D. The serious danger the rescuers faced.
7. Which of the following statements is consistent with the theme of the passage?
A. Persistence will pay off. B. One in trouble, all to help.
C Many hands make light work. D. Doing is better than saying.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章描写了Heather Sant驾车外出，遭遇小货车抢道，致轿车于堤崖边，摇摇欲坠，危机四伏，幸亏周围及路过的陌生人慷慨施救，最终脱险的事情。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中Suddenly, a red pickup truck cut them off. Sant turned the wheel hard to the right, sending the Mazda slide off the road and down an embankment that ended in a drop-off after about 50 feet.可知突然，一辆红色的皮卡车挡住了他们的去路。Sant把方向盘猛地向右一转，马自达从路上滑了下去，滑下路堤，在大约50英尺（约合30米）的地方掉了下去。由此可知，最有可能导致交通事故的原因是小卡车突然出现。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中But their departure shifted the cars weight, causing it to tip forward. The men, still on the trunk, begged Sant to jump into the back seat. She did and then inched out of the back door. Finally, the men carefully got off the trunk. Everyone was safe.可知但是他们的离开改变了汽车的重量，导致它向前倾。那些人还在行李箱上，恳求Sant跳上后座。她照做了，然后从后门爬了出去。最后，他们小心翼翼地从后备箱上下来。每个人都是安全的。由此可知，男人们让Sant坐到后排是为了保持汽车的平衡。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Another foot,” Rodriguez told USA Today, “and this would be a different story. ”可知“再多一英尺，” Rodriguez告诉《今日美国》，“这将是一个不同的故事。”由此可推知，Rodriguez在最后一段想强调汽车停下来的位置有多么危险。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章描写了Heather Sant驾车外出，遭遇小货车抢道，致轿车于堤崖边，摇摇欲坠，危机四伏，幸亏周围及路过的陌生人慷慨施救，最终脱险的事情。由此可知，B选项“一方有难，八方支援”符合文章主题。故选B。
C
Throughout the history of the arts, the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change－to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.
Landscape (风景) is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings, there is no particular change motions and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of colour photography (摄影术) to help both the eyes and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom.
Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real? Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects, the realists scenes, and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods.
Over thousands of years, the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present, Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Variety and diversity are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.
8. The underlined word “poetry” in Paragraph 1 most probably means“________”.
A. an object for artistic creation B. a collection of poems
C. an unusual quality D. a natural scene
9. What is the author's opinion of artistic reality?
A. It will not be found in future works of art. B. It does not have a long-lasting standard.
C. It is expressed in a fixed artistic form. D. It is lacking in modern works of art.
10. What does the author suggest about the arts in the last paragraph?
A. They express people's curiosity about the past.
B. They make people interested in everyday experience.
C. They are considered important for variety in form.
D. They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation.
11. Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?
A History of the arts. B. Basic questions of the arts.
C. New developments in the arts. D. Use of modern technology in the arts.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了不同历史时期的作品主题、对现实的不同理解、不同的艺术风格等。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。由第一段中的“No matter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change－to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before. (无论他们选择什么样的对象，艺术家们都要创造新的力量和形式来引起变化——在没有人见过或经历过的地方寻找poetry)”可知，艺术家喜欢创造新的东西，换句话说，就是他们发现的是与以前不同、不一样、具有不同特质的东西，poetry在此处意为C项“不寻常的特质”。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. (每一代艺术家都以这样或那样的形式展示了他们对现实的理解)”和“To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods. (总而言之，对于各个时期的艺术家来说，理解现实是一场必要的斗争)”可知，每代艺术家对“现实”的理解都不同，艺术家对“现实”的理解在变化，所以“现实”没有一个持久的标准。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Variety and diversity are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings. (艺术多样性和多元化是艺术的面貌，它们共同表达了人类的基本需求和希望)”可知，艺术能反映人类的基本需求和希望，说明艺术可以被视为人类处境的一面镜子。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章各段分别分析了不同历史时期的作品主题、对现实的不同理解及不同的艺术风格等，主要讲述了艺术的基本问题，B项“艺术的基本问题”符合文意。故选B项。
D
For most of our history, humans have been short, a study has found. Until around 150 years ago, few people grew taller than 170 centimetres.
Christiane Scheffler at the University of Potsdam and Michael Hermanussen in Altenhof have spent several years studying the height of people from a wide range of populations. In their latest paper, they combined an existing data of more than 6000 prehistoric human skeletons with multiple studies of more recent historical populations from Europe and the US. They also included their own data on 1666 present-day school children from Indonesia.
In the prehistoric populations, the maximum height for men was 165 to 170 centimetres, while women topped out at 160cm. Today, men in England have an average height of around 175 cm, while for women it is about 162 cm.
But there is significant variation between modern countries. The Indonesian school children in the study were shorter than similarly aged children from the US, despite being well-nourished.
Scheffler and Hermanussen argue that height can be a signal of dominance(显赫地位), so in societies where it is possible to move up through the social classes, evolution favours individuals who reach a greater height.
Subramanian at Harvard University isn’t convinced by the pair’s interpretation. His team previously showed that the best predictor of a child’s height is the height of their parents. This suggests that the influence of other factors, such as social mobility, is limited.
After assessing nearly 163,000 children living in 55 low and middle-income countries, Subramanian’s team found that 42.9 percent had poor nutrition but’ no ‘sign of stunting(阻碍发育) or other physical indicators of this fact.
This implies there is a lot of hidden malnutrition that doesn’t reveal itself through stunting. A person’s nutritional condition should be assessed by looking at their diet not their height, says Subramanian.
12. How did Scheffler and Hermanussen conduct the research?
A. Studying the skeletons of prehistoric human.
B. Combining existing data with recent research.
C. Assessing children living in various income areas.
D. Analyzing the results of other scientists’ researches.
13. What’s Subramanian’s attitude towards the explanation of Scheffler and Hermanussen?
A. Worried. B. Cautious. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive.
14. What can we infer from Subramanian’s study?
A. Poor nutrition delays physical development.
B. A balanced diet contributes to growing taller.
C. High social classes can reach a greater height.
D. A human’s height has little to do with nutrition.
15. What is the text mainly about?
A. The significance that lies in nutrition.
B. The factors that influence human’s height.
C. The importance that humans attach to height.
D. The reasons why prehistoric humans were short.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这还是一篇说明文。文章主要研究影响人类身高的因素。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In their latest paper, they combined an existing data of more than 6000 prehistoric human skeletons with multiple studies of more recent historical populations from Europe and the US. (在他们最新的论文中，他们将6000多个史前人类骨骼的现有数据与来自欧洲和美国的最新历史人口的多项研究相结合。)”可知，Scheffler和Hermanussen通过将现有数据与最新研究相结合的方法进行研究。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Subramanian at Harvard University isn’t convinced by the pair’s interpretation. (哈佛大学的Subramanian并不相信这对两个人的解释。)”可知，Subramanian不相信Scheffler和Hermanussen的解释，持怀疑的态度。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“After assessing nearly 163,000 children living in 55 low and middle-income countries, Subramanian’s team found that 42.9 percent had poor nutrition but’ no ‘sign of stunting(阻碍发育) or other physical indicators of this fact. (在评估了生活在55个低收入和中等收入国家的近163000名儿童后，Subramanian的研究小组发现，42.9%的儿童营养不良，但没有阻碍发育或影响其他身体指标的迹象。)”可知，Subramanian的研究发现营养不良没有阻碍发育或影响其他身体指标的迹象。故推知人的身高和营养关系不大，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“For most of our history, humans have been short, a study has found. Until around 150 years ago, few people grew taller than 170 centimetres. (一项研究发现，在我们历史的大部分时间里，人类都是矮的。直到大约150年前，很少有人长到170厘米以上。)”及第六段“His team previously showed that the best predictor of a child’s height is the height of their parents. This suggests that the influence of other factors, such as social mobility, is limited. (他的团队此前表明，孩子身高的最佳预测指标是父母的身高。这表明社会流动性等其他因素的影响是有限的。)”可知，文章主要研究影响人类身高的因素，故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题 2分，满分 10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to make your solo road trips wonderful
Though road trips are often considered group adventures across unknown lands, more and more people have decided to go on the journey alone. Driving for hours by yourself is tiring, but it can be rewarding once you reach your destination.____16____ Here are several tips to make your solo road trip even more amazing.
Do some research on the routes. Have a day-to-day itinerary (旅程计划) that is fairly flexible. ____17____ Not only will it become a souvenir once you finish the trip, but it will also be something to depend on if your Google Map fails.
It's good if you have some friends who live along the route you have planned.
____18____ This will make the journey much more fulling and memorable while preventing loneliness.
____19____ Use good judgement. Don't talk to people who seem suspicious. Don't stop in places that are largely forbidden. Never give too much information about where you're headed. Don't walk around unfamiliar places at night.
Though you might not be much of a writer, you can still practice your writing skills and broadcast your adventures through social media. If sharing online is not your thing, simply keep a journal. Write about what has inspired you, what you ate or what you saw. ____20____
A. You won't regret writing everything down.
B. You will be grateful for having made this journey.
C. Going on a solo road trip is all about being cautious,
D. Not everyone has the same concerns about their road trips.
E. Give them a call and see if you can stop by for a day or two.
F. When it's time to decide, search the Internet for more information.
G. Also, why not consider planning everything out on a traditional paper map?
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章作者就如何让你的独自旅行更加精彩这个问题，给出了几个小贴士。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Driving for hours by yourself is tiring, but it can be rewarding once you reach your destination. (一个人开几个小时的车很累人，但是一旦你到达了目的地，这是很值得的)”可知，独自自驾虽然很累，但是很值得。根据下文“这里有几个小贴士，可以让你的独自旅行更加精彩”可知下文就让你的独自旅行更加精彩，给出了一些建议。该空与上文构成因果关系，且引出下文，B选项“你会感激这次旅行的”切题，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Have a day-to-day itinerary (旅程计划) that is fairly flexible. (每天安排一个灵活的行程)”可知，这里对于行程给出了具体的建议，该空承接上文，对于行程给出另一个建议。根据下文“Not only will it become a souvenir once you finish the trip, but it will also be something to depend on if your Google Map fails. (一旦你完成了旅程，它不仅会成为一个纪念品，而且如果你的谷歌地图失败了，它也会成为你的依靠)”可知，这里说明了传统纸质地图的优点，该空与下文构成因果关系，G选项“此外，为什么不考虑在传统的纸质地图上规划一切呢”切题，下文中的“it”指代选项中的“a traditional paper map”，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“It's good if you have some friends who live along the route you have planned.(如果你有一些朋友住在你计划的路线上，这是很好的)”及下文“This will make the journey much more fulling and memorable while preventing loneliness.(这将使旅程更加充实和难忘，同时防止孤独)”可知，该空承上启下，说明如果条件允许，可以顺路拜访朋友。E选项“给他们打个电话，看看你能不能过去待一两天”切题，选项中的“them”指代上文中的“friends”,故选E。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Use good judgement. Don't talk to people who seem suspicious. Don't stop in places that are largely forbidden. Never give too much information about where you're headed.Don't walk around unfamiliar places at night. (使用良好的判断力。不要和可疑的人说话。不要停留在基本禁止的地方。不要透露太多关于你要去哪里的信息。晚上不要在不熟悉的地方走动)”可知，这一段主要讲了独自驾车外出，要小心谨慎，注意人身安全。该空引出下文，C选项“独自旅行一定要小心谨慎”切题，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Though you might not be much of a writer, you can still practice your writing skills and broadcast your adventures through social media. If sharing online is not your thing, simply keep a journal. Write about what has inspired you, what you ate or what you saw. (虽然你可能不是一个很好的作家，你仍然可以练习你的写作技巧，通过社交媒体传播你的冒险经历。如果你不喜欢在网上分享，那就写日记吧。写些什么给了你灵感，你吃了什么或者你看到了什么)”可知，这一段讲了要写沿途旅行日志。该空承接上文，说明这样做的后果，选项A“你不会后悔把一切都写下来”，选项中的“writing”对应上文中的“writing skills”和“Write about”，故选A。
第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题 1.5分，满分 30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a cold, rainy day. And I had no ____21____ to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house. But she had insisted that I should come to see something at the ____22____ of the mountain.
So here I was, ____23____ making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils (面纱). By the time I saw how ____24____ it was near the peak, I’d gone too far to turn back. Nothing could be worth this! I thought as I ____25____ along the very dangerous highway.
After picking her up and lots of extra miles, we turned down a narrow track. We ____26____ the car, got out and walked along a path thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green evergreens ____27____ over us. Gradually, the peace and silence of the place ____28____ us.
Then we turned a corner and stopped. I took a deep breath in ____29____ : from the top of the mountain, for several acres across the valleys, rivers of daffodils (水仙花) were in brilliant bloom. It looked _____30_____ the sun had tipped over and spilled gold down the mountainside. _____31_____ filled my mind. Who created such beauty? How? When?
As we _____32_____ the house that stood in the center of the property, we saw a sign that _____33_____, “Answers to the Questions I know You Are Asking.” The first answer was “One Woman, Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was “One at a Time.” The third, “_____34_____ in 1980.”
As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen. I could _____35_____ speak. “She _____36_____ the world,” I finally said, “one at a time. She began almost 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of a(n) _____37_____, but she kept at it.”
The wonder of it would not let me _____38_____. “Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have _____39_____?” Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. “Start tomorrow,” she said, “ _____40_____ yet, start today.”
21. A. strength B. belief C. desire D. suggestion
22. A. top B. back C. bottom D. end
23. A. unwillingly B. helplessly C. eagerly D. longingly
24. A. thin B. deep C. huge D. thick
25. A. ran B. inched C. wandered D. bounced
26. A. parked B. drove C. repaired D. loaded
27. A. fell B. walked C. towered D. knocked
28. A. attacked B. failed C. enjoyed D. enveloped
29. A. blow B. doubt C. relief D. amazement
30. A. as though B. even though C. in case D. in that
31. A. Arguments B. Questions C. Requirements D. Responses
32. A. departed B. headed C. approached D. searched
33. A. spoke B. stuck C. wrote D. read
34. A. Deserted B. Finished C. Started D. Operated
35. A. barely B. nearly C. mostly D. merely
36. A. dominated B. changed C. won D. identified
37. A. experience B. idea C. story D. promise
38. A. praise B. justify C. go D. mount
39. A. lost B. achieved C. forgotten D. beaten
40. A. More B. Worse C. Severer D. Better
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. B 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者在女儿的执意要求下，和女儿一起开车去山顶欣赏美景，从中作者感悟到如果自己有一个愿景并且每天都为之努力，哪怕每天只做一点点，就可能会取得一些成就的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也不想开车沿着蜿蜒的山路去我女儿卡洛琳家。A. strength力量；B. belief信任；C. desire渴望；愿望；D. suggestion建议。由上文“It was a cold, rainy day.”和下文“to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house.”可知，下雨了，所以作者不想开车沿着蜿蜒的山路去女儿家，have no desire to do sth.固定搭配，意为“不想做某事”，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她坚持要我到山顶去看些东西。A. top顶端；B. back背面；C. bottom底部；D. end末尾。由下文“near the peak”和“from the top of the mountain”可知，作者和女儿去的是山顶，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我就到这里了，不情愿地在像面纱一样悬挂的雾中走了两个小时的路程。A. unwillingly不乐意地；B. helplessly无助地；C. eagerly渴望地；急切地；D. longingly渴望地。由上文“And I had no____1____to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house.”和下文“making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils”可知，作者不想开车沿着蜿蜒的山路去女儿家，而且当时还有大雾，所以作者不情愿地在雾中走了两个小时的路，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我快到山顶时，我看到雾很浓，但我已经走得太远了，无法回头。A. thin薄的；B. deep深的；C. huge巨大的；D. thick厚的；浓的，能见度低的。由上文“fog that hung like veils (面纱).”和下文“I’d gone too far to turn back.”可知，雾很大，能见度很低，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我沿着危险的高速公路缓慢前行时，我这样想。A. ran跑步；B. inched缓慢移动；C. wandered漫游；D. bounced反弹。由上文“making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils (面纱)”和下文“along the very dangerous highway.”可知，雾很大，路很蜿蜒，所以作者沿着危险的高速缓慢前行，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把车停好，下了车，沿着一条满是老松针小路走去。A. parked停车；B. drove开车；C. repaired修复；D. loaded装载。由下文“the car, got out and walked along a path thick with old pine needles.”可知，作者停下车，然后下车，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：巨大的黑绿常青树耸立在我们头顶。A. fell落下；B. walked走路；C. towered高耸；D. knocked敲门。由上下文“Huge black-green evergreens____7____over us.”可知，巨大的树耸立在作者和女儿头顶，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，这个地方的平静和安静围绕着我们。A. attacked袭击；B. failed失败；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. enveloped覆盖；包住。由上文“Gradually, the peace and silence of the place”和语境可知，这个地方的平静和安静围绕着作者和女儿，让他们也顿感平静，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我惊奇地深吸了一口气：从山顶上，在山谷的几英亩的地方，水仙花正盛开着。A. blow强风；B. doubt怀疑；C. relief信心；看法；D. amazement惊奇。由下文“from the top of the mountain, for several acres across the valleys, rivers of daffodils (水仙花) were in brilliant bloom.”可知，作者从山顶看到山谷附近的水仙花正盛开着，这让作者感到很惊奇，in amazement固定搭配，意为“惊奇地”，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：看起来好像太阳翻了个身，把金子洒在了山坡上。A. as though好像；B. even though即使；C. in case以防万一；D. in that因为。由上下文“It looked___11___the sun had tipped over and spilled gold down the mountainside”可知，作者看到正在盛开的水仙花，感觉这看起来好像太阳翻了个身，把金子洒在了山坡上，此处是比喻用法，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我满脑子都是问题。A. Arguments争论；B. Questions问题；C. Requirements要求；D. Responses回复。由下文作者提出的几个问题“Who created such beauty? How? When?”可知，此处指作者看到山谷里盛开的水仙花，满脑子都是问题，想知道谁创造了这样的美，怎么创造的，什么时候创造的，呼应下文的“Questions I know You Are Asking”。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走近位于中心的一座房子时，我们看到一个牌子，上面写着：“我知道你想问的问题的答案。”A. departed启程；B. headed前往；C. approached接近；D. searched搜查。由上文“____11___filled my mind. Who created such beauty? How? When?”和下文“the house that stood in the center of the property”可知，作者看到山谷里盛开的水仙花，想知道谁创造了这样的美，怎么创造的，什么时候创造的，于是作者和女儿走近位于中心的房子，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走近位于中心的一座房子时，我们看到一个牌子，上面写着：“我知道你想问的问题的答案。”A. spoke说；B. stuck粘；刺，扎；C. wrote写；D. read读；写着。由上文“we saw a sign that”和下文““Answers to the Questions I know You Are Asking.””可知，此处指指示牌上写着，此处应用read表示“物体上写着……”，write强调“写，书写”，表示“物体上写着……”时，只能用被动。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三个问题的答案是“始于1980年”A. Deserted遗弃；B. Finished结束；C. Started开始；D. Operated操作；运行。由上文“When?”可知，此处是对第三个问题——什么时候创造的？这一问题的回答，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我几乎说不出话。A. barely几乎不；B. nearly几乎；差不多；C. mostly主要地；D. merely仅仅；只是。由上文“I was so moved by what we had seen”和语境可知，作者被自己看到的情景所感到，所以几乎说不出话，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她改变了这里的世界，”我最后说，“一次做一点事情。”A. dominated统治；B. changed改变；C. won赢得；D. identified认出。由上文“As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen”和语境可知，作者被自己看到的情景所感到，认为创造这番美景的人改变了这里的世界，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她大约40年前就开始了，可能开始只是一个想法，但她坚持了下来。A. experience经验；经历；B. idea主意；想法；C. story故事；D. promise承诺。由上文“She began almost 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of a(n)”和下文“but she kept at it.”可知，创造这番美景的人开始可能只是有一个想法，但是最终坚持下来，创造了美景，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这里的奇观使我不愿意离开。A. praise表扬；B. justify是……的正当理由；C. go走；离开；D. mount增多。由上文“The wonder of it would not let me”可知，作者看到这番奇观后，都不愿意离开这里了，let...go固定搭配，“让……走”，故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“想象一下，”我说，“如果我有一个愿景并且每天都为之努力，哪怕每天只做一点点，我可能会取得什么成就呢？”A. lost丢失；B. achieved实现；取得；C. forgotten忘记；D. beaten击打。由上文“if I’d had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have”可知，作者想象，如果自己有一个愿景并且每天都为之努力，哪怕每天只做一点点，就可能会取得一些成就，故选B。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡洛琳侧过头来，微笑着看着我。“从明天开始,”她说，“最好是从今天开始。”A. More更多的；B. Worse更糟糕的；C. Severer更严重的；D. Better更好的。由上文“Start tomorrow”和下文“yet, start today”以及语境可知，作者在想，如果自己有一个愿景并且每天都为之努力，哪怕每天只做一点点，就可能会取得一些成就，作者的女儿认为从今天开始这样做会更好，故选D。


第II卷
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题 1.5分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For almost a month, Li Man has been working tirelessly at an altitude of over 2, 000 meters, a heavy medical rescue kit about 15 kilos ____41____ (carry) on her back.
As one of the 38 Chinese rescue staff ____42____ duty is to protect the Paralympic athletes, Li calls ____43____ (she) the “ski doctor”. “We come from different hospitals ____44____ (ensure) rescue work is as comprehensive as possible,” said Li, from Beijing Health Research Center.
____45____ competitors hitting top speeds of up to 100 kilometers per hour, Para-Alpine skiing is so dangerous that the athlete needs ski doctors immediately once emergency happens. It is required that the injured person ____46____ (reach) within four minutes.
Li alongside her fellow doctors ____47____ (train) extremely hard in the past few weeks in skiing besides the ____48____ (profession) knowledge of first aid. Online and offline English training is also very tough as fluent English is ____49____ essential and effective means in communicating with foreign athletes and staff in such international _____50_____ (event). She said she took pride in China’s ski medical rescue team.
【答案】41. carried
42. whose 43. herself
44. to ensure
45. With 46. be reached
47. has been training##has trained##has been trained
48. professional
49. an 50. events
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了保护残疾人运动员高山滑雪救援医生的工作。
【41题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：近一个月来，李曼(音译)一直在2000多米高空不知疲倦地工作，背上背着一个重约15公斤的医疗救援箱。设空处作定语修饰medical rescue kit，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填carried。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：作为38名负责保护残奥会运动员的中国救援人员之一，李称自己为“滑雪医生”。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是人，关系词作定语修饰名词duty，应用关系代词whose，故填whose。
【43题详解】
考查反身代词。句意同上。设空处为宾语，指代的是主语本人，应用反身代词，故填herself。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：“我们来自不同的医院，以确保救援工作尽可能全面，”来自北京健康研究中心的李说。设空处为非谓语动词，做目的状语，应用不定式，故填to ensure。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：由于参赛选手的最高速度可达每小时100公里，Para-Alpine滑雪非常危险，一旦发生紧急情况，运动员需要立即接受滑雪医生的治疗。分析可知，前半部分应为with的复合结构作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填With。
【46题详解】
考查语态。句意：要求在四分钟内赶到伤者身边。分析可知设空处为从句谓语，主句为It is required，从句谓语应用should+动词原形，should可以省略，从句主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填(should) be reached。
【47题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在过去的几周里，除了专业的急救知识，李和她的医生同事们一直在刻苦训练滑雪。设空处为谓语，结合语境根据in the past few weeks可知应用现在完成时（动作已经完成）或者完成进行时（动作从过去开始，持续到现在，并极有可能延续下去）；train作“接受训练”时是不及物动词，只有主动语态，train作“训练”时是及物动词，和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；alongside连接两个主语，适用就远原则，主语Li为单数，谓语用第三人称单数，故填has been training/has trained/has been trained。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词作定语，故填professional。
【49题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在这样的国际赛事中，流利的英语是与外国运动员和工作人员交流的必要和有效手段，因此线上和线下的英语培训也非常困难。设空处修饰名词means，该词单复数同形，根据is判断此处means是单数，应用不定冠词修饰，空后单词essential发音为元音音素，故填an。
【50题详解】
考查名词的数。句意同上。event“比赛项目”是可数名词，结合常识，比赛项目不止一个，应用复数形式。故填events。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题 1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Mr. Smith,
I’m Li Hua, an outgoing girl will graduate from Hongxing Middle School. Learning that you are organizing the activity to share books worldwide, I am writing to apply to participate in the activity. The reason is because I love reading and I own a large number of books.
Wild release and controlled release are proposed, the latter of which won my favour. By means of controlled release, I merely need to deliver books directly to other participant. Accordingly, not only are books shared and it can build a bridge connected readers from a wide variety of countries.
Should you provide more specifically information, I would be more than very grateful. Looking forward to your reply in your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】1. will前加who/that
2. the→an
3. because→that
4. won→wins
5. participant→participants
6. and→but
7. connected→connecting
8. specifically→specific
9. 删除very
10. in→at
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者写信申请参加读书分享活动。
【详解】1. 考查定语从句。句意：我是李华，一个外向的女孩，即将从红星中学毕业。分析句子结构，该句子有两个谓语动词，所以缺连词。此处考查限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 an outgoing girl，指人，在从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词who或that引导。故will前加who/that。
2. 考查冠词。句意：得知你们正在组织一项在全球范围内分享书籍的活动，我写信申请参加这项活动。由句意可知，organizing后的activity在文中第一次出现，表泛指，所以要用不定冠词。activity发音时以元音音素开头，所以填an。故the改为an。
3. 考查表语从句和固定句式。句意：原因是我喜欢阅读，我有大量的书。此处考查固定句型The reason is that…，表示“原因是……”，所以要将because改为that引导表语从句。故because改为that。
4. 考查时态。句意：提出的自由分享和定向分享两种方案，我更喜欢后者。由上下文可知，时态为一般现在时；谓语动词won的主语the latter of which引导定语从句，指代主句中的controlled release，是单数，谓语动词也要用其单数形式，所以won要改成wins。故won改为wins。
5. 考查名词的数。句意：通过定向分享的方式，我只需要把书直接交付给其他参与者。提示词other表明不只一个参与者，所以participant要用其复数形式，即participants。故participant改为participants。
6. 考查固定短语。句意：因此，它不仅可以共享图书，而且还可以建立一座连接来自不同国家的读者的桥梁。根据提示词not only可知，此处考查固定结构：not only…but (also)…，表示“不仅……，而且……”，所以要将and改为but。故and改为but。
7.考查非谓语。句意：因此，它不仅可以共享图书，而且还可以建立一座连接来自不同国家的读者的桥梁。connected的逻辑主语是bridge，二者之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词作定语。故connected改为connecting。
8. 考查形容词。句意：如果您能提供更具体的信息，我将非常感激。分析句子结构，information是名词，所以前面要用形容词作定语，来修饰该名词，specifically是副词，它的形容词是specific。故specifically改为specific。
9. 考查副词。句意：如果您能提供更具体的信息，我将非常感激。分析句子结构，此处more than作状语，修饰形容词grateful，表示“非常”，所以very在此处和more than重复。故删除very。
10.考查介词和固定短语。句意：期待您在方便的时候尽早回复。at one’s convenience是固定短语，表示“在某人方便时”，所以要将in改为at。故in改为at。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 如果你留意一下我们的周边，你会发现陪读现象已然成风。请根据以下要点以“Should Our Parents Accompany Us in Studying?”为题写一篇短文，内容应包括：
1. 简述现象；
2. 分析原因（2至3个）；
3. 发表你的看法。
注意：词数100词左右。
Should Our Parents Accompany Us in Studying?
In recent years, many parents choose to accompany their children in studying.
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【答案】Possible version:
In recent years, many parents choose to accompany their children in studying, which has aroused a wide concern.
These parents are willing to leave their hometown, even quit their jobs to follow their children into the campus. Most of them rent an apartment nearby so as to take good care of their children. Parents consider it necessary to offer better living conditions to the kids. Meanwhile, it can allow them to keep track of the kids’ academic performance. Nevertheless, what they’ve ignored is that it will get their kids into the habit of being dependent. Thus, they will never develop the ability of self-control in the future.
Trust leads to independence. So it seems to me that parents should create room for children’s growth and study, in order to ensure their overall development.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放作文，要求考生以“Should Our Parents Accompany Us in Studying?” 为题写一篇短文，内容应包括：简述现象；分析原因（2至3个）；发表你的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
好好照顾：take good of→look after...well
提供：offer→provide
同时：Meanwhile→At the same time
放弃：quit→give up
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Most of them rent an apartment nearby so as to take good care of their children.
拓展句：Most of them rent an apartment nearby, the purpose of which is that they can take good care of their children.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In recent years, many parents choose to accompany their children in studying, which has aroused a wide concern. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Nevertheless, what they’ve ignored is that it will get their kids into the habit of being dependent. (运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句)