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2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题八 考点10 定语从句（B卷）
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这是一份2023届新高考英语高频考点专项练习：专题八 考点10 定语从句（B卷），共5页。试卷主要包含了填空，阅读理解，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.Sympathy is much needed in this wrld ________ a lt f changes has taken place because f the utbreak f the nvel crnavirus in 2020.
2.I miss the days ________ I was able t hang ut with my best friend.
3.This is the reasn ________ he was late fr schl.
4.The hurs _____________ the children spend in their ne-way relatinship with mbile phne peple undubtedly affect their relatinships with real-life peple.
5.I live next dr t a cuple ________ children ften make a lt f nise.
6.He talked happily abut the men and bks_____ interested him greatly in the schl.
7.There are tw reasns ________ I've decided t read ne f his letters t the audience natinwide.
8.I'm at an age _________ I dn't knw what lve is, but yur sweet smile still tuches me.
9.Accrding t the Guinness Wrld Recrds the ldest man in the wrld is 11l years ld, ___________ nw lives in Japan.
10.Our teacher urges us t frm a gd habit f learning, ______ we think will benefit us in the lng term.
二、阅读理解
A culture guide named Persephne welcmes travelers t Greece and takes them thrugh a famus cave in the nrth. The guide mves smthly arund the undergrund area and can talk abut it in 33 languages. It can als answer 33 questins, but nly in the Greek language.
Persephne is intelligent and it is a human-sized rbt. The rbt has been in peratin fr abut a mnth at the Alistrati Cave. Persephne guides visitrs thrugh the first 150 meters f the cave that is pen t the public. Fr the remaining 750 meters, a human guide takes ver.
The idea f creating the rbt guide was cme up with by Niks Kartalis, wh is the scientific directr at the Alistrati site. He had this idea when he saw ne n televisin guiding visitrs at an art shw. Persephne was built by the Natinal Technlgy and Research Fundatin and cst abut 139,000 dllars. "Peple wh had visited in the past are cming back t see the rbt guide," said Niks, "Many freign visitrs culdn't believe Greece had the ability t build a rbt and use it as a guide in the cave."
The rbt, with a white bdy, black head, and tw bright eyes, mves n wheels. It guides visitrs t the first three f eight stps alng the walkway. It can d tw mre stps, but it is t slw fr the tur. Persephne's creatrs are cnsidering ways t increase its speed. The rbt begins the tur by saying: "My name is Persephne. I welcme yu t the Alistrati Cave."
Evdkia Karafera is a human guide wh parmers with Persephne. "It is helpful, because it speaks many languages," she said. "There's just a little delay in the turing. Mst find it fascinating, especially the children, and find it interesting that it speaks many languages. Rbts, at sme pint in the future, will take ver many jbs. But I believe they cannt take the place f humans everywhere."
1.What is mainly talked abut in Paragraph 2?
A.Persephne's hbby.B.Persephne's intelligence.
C.Persephne's jb.D.Persephne's perating principle.
2.What might be the freign visitrs' first reactin when seeing Persephne?
A.Surprised.B.Delighted.C.Satisfied.D.Frightened.
3.What is a disadvantage f Persephne accrding t Paragraph 4?
A.Its limited clr f its bdy.B.Its slw speed.
C.Its unstable mving patterns.D.Its shrt greeting.
4.What des Evdkia want t stress in the last Paragraph?
A.Persephne is intended t attract the children.
B.Persephne is helpless in making the site famus.
C.Rbts will play a less imprtant rle in the future.
D.Rbts are unable t replace humans everywhere.
三、语法填空
These days, dctrs are using a new apprach t healing, which is called tapping. This apprach cmbines ①_______(wise)frm Chinese medicine with talk therapy(治疗).
By simply tapping pints alng the bdy while ②_______ (cnfirm) yur emtinal state, yu can release cellular energy. By feeling thse emtins, yu prcess and clear them thrugh ③_______ pwer f lve and frgiveness. Tapping prvides a healthy way t prcess difficult emtins, even frm experiences that ④_______ (happen) in the distant past. The practice draws frm acupuncture(针灸), a healing methd frm ⑤_______ (traditin) Chinese medicine that dates frm thusands f years ag.
Acupuncture pens energy highways in the bdy by sticking thin needles int the skin. Tapping takes a similar apprach, but uses tuch instead f needles ⑥_______ (prmte) the flw f energy thrughut the bdy. It may sund strange r impssible ⑦_______ first glance. But scientists believe that the methd wrks because it excites the central nervus system, ⑧_______ causes the bdy t release helpful chemicals.
Everyne may have experienced sme srts f emtinal discmfrt in their lives. Althugh painful, it's imprtant t develp healthy ways t prcess their ⑨_______ (experience). Healing practices like tapping help release these emtins ⑩_______ (active), s yu can prcess and heal frm difficult emtins.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：where
解析： 考查定语从句关系词。句意：在这个2020年新型冠状病毒爆发后发生了很多变化的世界，我们很需要同情。分析句子，该空需要一个关系词引导定语从句修饰先行词this wrld，"在这个……的世界里"，定语从句中主语是changes，谓语动词take place。不及物无被动。所以关系词代替先行词在从句中做地点状语，所以应填where。故填where。
2.答案：when
解析： 先行词days在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
3.答案：why
解析： 句意: 这是他上学迟到的理由。用why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reasn, 在定语从句中充当原因状语。故答案为"This is the reasn why he was late fr schl."。
4.答案：that/which/不填
解析： 考查定语从句。句意：孩子们在与电视中的人物的单向关系中花费的时间无疑会影响他们在现实生活中的人际关系。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为the hurs，关系代词which或that引导从句，在从句中作spent的宾语，可省略。故填that/which/不填。
5.答案：whse
解析： 考查完成句子。句意:我住在一对夫妇的隔壁, 他们的孩子经常吵闹。本句是定语从句, 现行词是cuple在定语从句中做定语, 应该用whse引导, 所以填whse。
6.答案：that
解析：句意:他高兴地谈起了在学校让他非常感兴趣的那些人和书。定语从句缺少主语,应用关系代词;当定语从句先行词既有人又有物时,应用that引导。
7.答案：why
解析：这是一个定语从句,先行词是tw reasns,在句中作原因状语,所以用why来引导。故填why。
8.答案：when
解析： 根据句意和所给部分可知这句话使用when引导定语从句, 修饰an age"一个年纪", 在定语从句中作状语、故填when。
9.答案：wh
解析： 考查定语从句。句意：根据吉尼斯世界纪录，世界上最老的人是111岁，此人目前生活在日本。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词the ldest man在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词wh。故填wh。
10.答案：which
解析：该题考查定语从句，结合句意并分析句子结构，a gd habit f learning为先行词，指物，___we think will benefit us in the lng term为定语从句，且定语从句缺少主语，故应使用关系代词that或which引导，但由于that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以只能填which．
二、阅读理解
答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.B; 4.D
解析：1.主旨大意题。根据第二段的"Persephne guides visitrs thrugh the first 150 metres f the cave that is pen t the public. Fr the remaining 750 metres, a human guide takes ver.(Persephne引导游客穿过对公众开放的前150米的洞穴。剩下的750米,由一名向导负责。) "可知,第二段主要讲的是机器人导游Persephne的主要用途。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段的"Many freign visitrs culdn't believe Greece had the ability t build a rbt and use it as a guide in the cave.(许多外国游客都不相信希腊有能力制造一个机器人,并把它当作洞穴里的向导。)"可知,看到希腊有机器人担任洞穴导游,外国游客感到非常惊讶。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段的"It can d tw mre stps, but it is t slw fr the tur.(它可以多停两站,但对整个旅行来说太慢了。)"可知,机器人导游Persephne移动速度慢,这是它的不足之处。故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段的"But I believe they cannt take the place f humans everywhere.(但我相信它们不可能在任何地方取代人类。) "可知,Evdkia在最后一段想要强调机器人无法在任何地方取代人类。故选D。
三、语法填空
答案：1. wisdm2. cnfirming3. the4. happened5. traditinal6. t prmte7. at8. which9. experiences 10. actively
解析： ①考查名词。句意:这种方法结合了中医的智慧和谈话疗法。空格处用名词作宾语,wise的名词是wisdm,是不可数名词,意为"智慧",故填wisdm。
②考查时态和省路。句意:在确认你的情绪状态的同时,简单地敲击身体上的穴位,你就可以释放细胞能量。根据语境可知,句子表示"在确认你的情绪状态的同时,简单地敲击身体上的穴位",while引导的从句中用现在进行时,是while yu are cnfirming,状语从句中主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,因此空格处是cnfirming。故填cnfirming。
③考查定冠词。句意:通过感受这些情绪,你可以通过爱和宽恕的力量来处理和清除它们。空格处用定冠词特指"爱和宽恕的力量",故填the。
④考查时态。句意:叩击提供了一种健康的方式来处理困难的情绪,即使是来自遥远过去的经历。由"in the distant past"可知,句子时态用一般过去时,空格处用过去式,故填happened。
⑤考查形容词。句意:针灸是一种可以追潮到几千年前的传统中医的治疗方法。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词Chinese medicine, traditin的形容词是traditinal,意为"传统的",故填traditinal。
⑥考查不定式。句意:叩击也采用了类似的方法,但用的是触摸而不是针,以促进能量在全身流动。根据语境和句意可知,空格处用不定式表目的,故填t prmte。
⑦考查固定短语和介词。句意:乍一看,这可能听起来很奇怪或不可能。at first glance是固定短语,意为"乍一看",因此空格处是介词at,故填at。
⑧考查定语从句。句意:但科学家认为,这种方法之所以有效,是因为它能刺激中枢神经系统,从而使身体释放有益的化学物质。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,主语是前面描述的整个句子,因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句,故填which。
⑨考查名词的复数。句意:虽然很痛苦,但重要的是要用健康的方式来处理他们的经历。根据语境和句意可知,experience意为"经历",是可数名词,由their可知,空格处用复数,故填experiences.
⑩考查副词。句意:像叩击这样的治疗方法有助于积极地释放这些情绪,这样你就可以处理和治愈困难的情绪。空格处用副词修饰动词release, active的副词是actively,意为"积极地",故填actively。
1.Sympathy is much needed in this wrld ________ a lt f changes has taken place because f the utbreak f the nvel crnavirus in 2020.
2.I miss the days ________ I was able t hang ut with my best friend.
3.This is the reasn ________ he was late fr schl.
4.The hurs _____________ the children spend in their ne-way relatinship with mbile phne peple undubtedly affect their relatinships with real-life peple.
5.I live next dr t a cuple ________ children ften make a lt f nise.
6.He talked happily abut the men and bks_____ interested him greatly in the schl.
7.There are tw reasns ________ I've decided t read ne f his letters t the audience natinwide.
8.I'm at an age _________ I dn't knw what lve is, but yur sweet smile still tuches me.
9.Accrding t the Guinness Wrld Recrds the ldest man in the wrld is 11l years ld, ___________ nw lives in Japan.
10.Our teacher urges us t frm a gd habit f learning, ______ we think will benefit us in the lng term.
二、阅读理解
A culture guide named Persephne welcmes travelers t Greece and takes them thrugh a famus cave in the nrth. The guide mves smthly arund the undergrund area and can talk abut it in 33 languages. It can als answer 33 questins, but nly in the Greek language.
Persephne is intelligent and it is a human-sized rbt. The rbt has been in peratin fr abut a mnth at the Alistrati Cave. Persephne guides visitrs thrugh the first 150 meters f the cave that is pen t the public. Fr the remaining 750 meters, a human guide takes ver.
The idea f creating the rbt guide was cme up with by Niks Kartalis, wh is the scientific directr at the Alistrati site. He had this idea when he saw ne n televisin guiding visitrs at an art shw. Persephne was built by the Natinal Technlgy and Research Fundatin and cst abut 139,000 dllars. "Peple wh had visited in the past are cming back t see the rbt guide," said Niks, "Many freign visitrs culdn't believe Greece had the ability t build a rbt and use it as a guide in the cave."
The rbt, with a white bdy, black head, and tw bright eyes, mves n wheels. It guides visitrs t the first three f eight stps alng the walkway. It can d tw mre stps, but it is t slw fr the tur. Persephne's creatrs are cnsidering ways t increase its speed. The rbt begins the tur by saying: "My name is Persephne. I welcme yu t the Alistrati Cave."
Evdkia Karafera is a human guide wh parmers with Persephne. "It is helpful, because it speaks many languages," she said. "There's just a little delay in the turing. Mst find it fascinating, especially the children, and find it interesting that it speaks many languages. Rbts, at sme pint in the future, will take ver many jbs. But I believe they cannt take the place f humans everywhere."
1.What is mainly talked abut in Paragraph 2?
A.Persephne's hbby.B.Persephne's intelligence.
C.Persephne's jb.D.Persephne's perating principle.
2.What might be the freign visitrs' first reactin when seeing Persephne?
A.Surprised.B.Delighted.C.Satisfied.D.Frightened.
3.What is a disadvantage f Persephne accrding t Paragraph 4?
A.Its limited clr f its bdy.B.Its slw speed.
C.Its unstable mving patterns.D.Its shrt greeting.
4.What des Evdkia want t stress in the last Paragraph?
A.Persephne is intended t attract the children.
B.Persephne is helpless in making the site famus.
C.Rbts will play a less imprtant rle in the future.
D.Rbts are unable t replace humans everywhere.
三、语法填空
These days, dctrs are using a new apprach t healing, which is called tapping. This apprach cmbines ①_______(wise)frm Chinese medicine with talk therapy(治疗).
By simply tapping pints alng the bdy while ②_______ (cnfirm) yur emtinal state, yu can release cellular energy. By feeling thse emtins, yu prcess and clear them thrugh ③_______ pwer f lve and frgiveness. Tapping prvides a healthy way t prcess difficult emtins, even frm experiences that ④_______ (happen) in the distant past. The practice draws frm acupuncture(针灸), a healing methd frm ⑤_______ (traditin) Chinese medicine that dates frm thusands f years ag.
Acupuncture pens energy highways in the bdy by sticking thin needles int the skin. Tapping takes a similar apprach, but uses tuch instead f needles ⑥_______ (prmte) the flw f energy thrughut the bdy. It may sund strange r impssible ⑦_______ first glance. But scientists believe that the methd wrks because it excites the central nervus system, ⑧_______ causes the bdy t release helpful chemicals.
Everyne may have experienced sme srts f emtinal discmfrt in their lives. Althugh painful, it's imprtant t develp healthy ways t prcess their ⑨_______ (experience). Healing practices like tapping help release these emtins ⑩_______ (active), s yu can prcess and heal frm difficult emtins.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：where
解析： 考查定语从句关系词。句意：在这个2020年新型冠状病毒爆发后发生了很多变化的世界，我们很需要同情。分析句子，该空需要一个关系词引导定语从句修饰先行词this wrld，"在这个……的世界里"，定语从句中主语是changes，谓语动词take place。不及物无被动。所以关系词代替先行词在从句中做地点状语，所以应填where。故填where。
2.答案：when
解析： 先行词days在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。
3.答案：why
解析： 句意: 这是他上学迟到的理由。用why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reasn, 在定语从句中充当原因状语。故答案为"This is the reasn why he was late fr schl."。
4.答案：that/which/不填
解析： 考查定语从句。句意：孩子们在与电视中的人物的单向关系中花费的时间无疑会影响他们在现实生活中的人际关系。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为the hurs，关系代词which或that引导从句，在从句中作spent的宾语，可省略。故填that/which/不填。
5.答案：whse
解析： 考查完成句子。句意:我住在一对夫妇的隔壁, 他们的孩子经常吵闹。本句是定语从句, 现行词是cuple在定语从句中做定语, 应该用whse引导, 所以填whse。
6.答案：that
解析：句意:他高兴地谈起了在学校让他非常感兴趣的那些人和书。定语从句缺少主语,应用关系代词;当定语从句先行词既有人又有物时,应用that引导。
7.答案：why
解析：这是一个定语从句,先行词是tw reasns,在句中作原因状语,所以用why来引导。故填why。
8.答案：when
解析： 根据句意和所给部分可知这句话使用when引导定语从句, 修饰an age"一个年纪", 在定语从句中作状语、故填when。
9.答案：wh
解析： 考查定语从句。句意：根据吉尼斯世界纪录，世界上最老的人是111岁，此人目前生活在日本。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词the ldest man在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词wh。故填wh。
10.答案：which
解析：该题考查定语从句，结合句意并分析句子结构，a gd habit f learning为先行词，指物，___we think will benefit us in the lng term为定语从句，且定语从句缺少主语，故应使用关系代词that或which引导，但由于that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以只能填which．
二、阅读理解
答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.B; 4.D
解析：1.主旨大意题。根据第二段的"Persephne guides visitrs thrugh the first 150 metres f the cave that is pen t the public. Fr the remaining 750 metres, a human guide takes ver.(Persephne引导游客穿过对公众开放的前150米的洞穴。剩下的750米,由一名向导负责。) "可知,第二段主要讲的是机器人导游Persephne的主要用途。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段的"Many freign visitrs culdn't believe Greece had the ability t build a rbt and use it as a guide in the cave.(许多外国游客都不相信希腊有能力制造一个机器人,并把它当作洞穴里的向导。)"可知,看到希腊有机器人担任洞穴导游,外国游客感到非常惊讶。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段的"It can d tw mre stps, but it is t slw fr the tur.(它可以多停两站,但对整个旅行来说太慢了。)"可知,机器人导游Persephne移动速度慢,这是它的不足之处。故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段的"But I believe they cannt take the place f humans everywhere.(但我相信它们不可能在任何地方取代人类。) "可知,Evdkia在最后一段想要强调机器人无法在任何地方取代人类。故选D。
三、语法填空
答案：1. wisdm2. cnfirming3. the4. happened5. traditinal6. t prmte7. at8. which9. experiences 10. actively
解析： ①考查名词。句意:这种方法结合了中医的智慧和谈话疗法。空格处用名词作宾语,wise的名词是wisdm,是不可数名词,意为"智慧",故填wisdm。
②考查时态和省路。句意:在确认你的情绪状态的同时,简单地敲击身体上的穴位,你就可以释放细胞能量。根据语境可知,句子表示"在确认你的情绪状态的同时,简单地敲击身体上的穴位",while引导的从句中用现在进行时,是while yu are cnfirming,状语从句中主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,因此空格处是cnfirming。故填cnfirming。
③考查定冠词。句意:通过感受这些情绪,你可以通过爱和宽恕的力量来处理和清除它们。空格处用定冠词特指"爱和宽恕的力量",故填the。
④考查时态。句意:叩击提供了一种健康的方式来处理困难的情绪,即使是来自遥远过去的经历。由"in the distant past"可知,句子时态用一般过去时,空格处用过去式,故填happened。
⑤考查形容词。句意:针灸是一种可以追潮到几千年前的传统中医的治疗方法。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词Chinese medicine, traditin的形容词是traditinal,意为"传统的",故填traditinal。
⑥考查不定式。句意:叩击也采用了类似的方法,但用的是触摸而不是针,以促进能量在全身流动。根据语境和句意可知,空格处用不定式表目的,故填t prmte。
⑦考查固定短语和介词。句意:乍一看,这可能听起来很奇怪或不可能。at first glance是固定短语,意为"乍一看",因此空格处是介词at,故填at。
⑧考查定语从句。句意:但科学家认为,这种方法之所以有效,是因为它能刺激中枢神经系统,从而使身体释放有益的化学物质。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,主语是前面描述的整个句子,因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句,故填which。
⑨考查名词的复数。句意:虽然很痛苦,但重要的是要用健康的方式来处理他们的经历。根据语境和句意可知,experience意为"经历",是可数名词,由their可知,空格处用复数,故填experiences.
⑩考查副词。句意:像叩击这样的治疗方法有助于积极地释放这些情绪,这样你就可以处理和治愈困难的情绪。空格处用副词修饰动词release, active的副词是actively,意为"积极地",故填actively。
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