2022-2023学年上海市高一年级上学期期末英语复习模拟卷03（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年上海市高一年级上学期期末英语复习模拟卷03（解析版），共23页。

 2022-2023学年上海市高一年级上学期期末英语复习模拟卷 03

I. Listening Comprehension

II. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Classic gardens of Suzhou
Fine works of art and architecture form an important part of our cultural heritage. Fortunately, some of these cultural sites_____21_____ (preserve) well since they were unearthed.
Chinese garden design, _____22_____seeks to recreate miniature natural landscapes, couldn’t be any better illustrated than in the nine gardens in the historic city of Suzhou, Jiangsu province. Suzhou’s classical gardens, _____23_____buildings and landscape are coupled together, create a harmonious union between man and nature.
The classical gardens of Suzhou are the unification of houses and gardens, and they were meant to be appreciated and lived in as well. A thickly populated city _____24_____Suzhou often lacks rich natural scenery, and that is why such typical architecture should be found in the city. _____25_____ (improve) their living conditions, certain individuals in Suzhou would attempt to create harmony in their living environment by constructing their homes together with nature.
Founded in the Song Dynasty, Canglang Pavilion has _____26_____ (long) history among all of the existing classical gardens of Suzhou. Naturally well designed, it _____27_____ (call) one of the four best gardens in Suzhou. _____28_____ other three are Lion Grove Garden, the Humble Administrator’s Garden and Lingering Garden. The masterfully designed Canglang Pavilion looks simple but elegant. Without fancy decorations, it combines buildings with scenery so perfectly and profoundly _____29_____the whole garden appears to have been formed naturally.
Suzhou’s classical gardens hold high value for the study of Chinese landscape gardening, architecture, culture, aesthetics (美学) and philosophy. All nine of Suzhou’s most famous classical gardens ______30______ (add) to the World Heritage List by UNESCO in 1997.
【答案】21. have been preserved 22. which 23. where 24. like 25. To improve
26. the longest 27. is called 28. The 29. that 30. were added
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了苏州的古典园林。
【21题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：幸运的是，这些文化遗址中的一些自发现以来就得到了保存。空处为主句谓语动词，preserve和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语since they were unearthed可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态。主语为复数，主谓一致，故填have been preserved。
【22题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：中国的园林设计试图再现微型自然景观，这一点在江苏省历史名城苏州的九座园林中表现得再好不过了。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Chinese garden design，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
【23题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：苏州的古典园林，建筑和景观结合在一起，创造了人与自然的和谐结合。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Suzhou’s classical gardens，关系副词where引导从句，在从句中作地点状语，意为“在那里”。故填where。
【24题详解】
考查介词。句意：像苏州这样人口稠密的城市往往缺乏丰富的自然风光，这就是为什么在这个城市中会找到这样典型的建筑。根据句意可知，此处应用介词like和Suzhou构成介词短语，作后置定语。故填like。
【25题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善他们的生活条件，苏州的某些人会试图通过与自然一起建造家园来创造生活环境的和谐。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了”。句首字母大写，故填To improve。
【26题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：沧浪亭始建于宋代，是苏州现存所有古典园林中历史最悠久的。根据句意和后文among all of the existing classical gardens of Suzhou可知，此处应用形容词的最高级作定语，修饰名词，表示“历史最悠久的”。故填the longest。
【27题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：自然设计精良，它（沧浪亭）被称为苏州四大园林之一。谓语动词call和主语it之间是被动关系，此处描述客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填is called。
【28题详解】
考查冠词。句意：另外三个是狮子林花园、拙政园和留园。根据前文句意可知，此处特指“另外的三个园林”，应用定冠词限定。故填The。
【29题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：没有花哨的装饰，它将建筑与风景完美而深刻地结合在一起，整个花园看起来是自然形成的。根据句意和前文so可知，此处应用that引导结果状语从句，so…that…“如此……以至于……”是固定句型。故填that。
【30题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：1997年，苏州最著名的九座古典园林全部被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录。谓语动词add和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语in 1997可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为复数，主谓一致，故填were added。

Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. sponsor B. athletic C. fulfill D. presented E. consciousness F. isolated
G. accepted H. enduring I. embarrassment J. competing K. programs

Life isn’t easy for families of children with special needs. Faced with responsibility of a family member requiring extra attention and care, many families feel lonely, ____31____ and hopeless. In many cases, the families feel a sense of ____32____ because their children are not “perfect”. But Taiwan Sunshine wants to change that.
Founded in 2009, Taiwan Sunshine believes that all children have characteristic value, and by supporting the families who care for children with special needs, it can change the____33____ understanding. In doing so, it hopes to help these children become useful members of society.
The Taipei-based, non-profit organization seeks to ____34____ these goals in three ways. First, it offers in-school programs, often centered on events like Christmas. Second, it develops conferences for use in schools, churches and other organizations. These conferences raise____35____ of the issues that families with special-needs children face and encourage organizations to develop programs to support these families. Third, Taiwan Sunshine works with other groups to put together and ____36____ the “I Am a Hero Games.”
During the games, children compete in different ____37____ activities, such as the ball throw and running race. When children aren’t ____38____, they enjoy other activities, such as playing with dogs from a local therapy program. Each game includes a prize-awarding ceremony in which all the children are formally____39____ with medals to celebrate their accomplishments.
Through________40________ like the Hero Games, Taiwan Sunshine is working hard to meet the needs of families with special-needs children.
【答案】31. F 32. I 33. G 34. C 35. E 36. A 37. B 38. J 39. D 40. K
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，当一个家庭的孩子不是“完美的”时，这样的家庭生活并不容易，许多家庭感到孤独。台湾阳光公司成立于2009年，它相信所有儿童都具有特色价值，并支持照顾有特殊需要的孩子的家庭。它希望帮助这些儿童成为社会的有用成员。文章介绍了这个公司试图以三种方式实现这些目标，台湾的阳光公司正在努力满足这类家庭的需要。
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：面对一个家庭成员的责任，需要额外的关注和照顾，许多家庭感到孤独，孤立和绝望。系动词feel 后接形容词作表语，此空用形容词与形容词lonely和hopeless在语法结构上保持一致，形容词isolated（孤立的）符合句意。故选F项。
【32题详解】
考查名词。句意：在很多情况下，这些家庭会因为他们的孩子不“完美”而感到尴尬。a sense of ________是名词所有格作动词feel的宾语，此处用名词形式，名词embarrassment（尴尬）符合句意。故选I项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：成立于2009年的台湾阳光认为，所有的孩子都有自己的特色价值，通过支持照顾有特殊需要的孩子的家庭，可以改变人们公认的理解。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词understanding，形容词accepted（公认的）符合句意。故选G项。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：这家总部位于台北的非营利组织试图通过三种方式实现这些目标。固定搭配seek to do sth.（试图做某事），此处用动词原形，根据“ these goals ”可知，动词fulfill（实现）符合句意。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些会议提高了对有特殊需要的儿童家庭所面临问题的认识，并鼓励组织制定计划来支持这些家庭。________ of the issues是名词所有格作动词raise的宾语，此处用名词形式，名词consciousness（认识）符合句意。故选E项。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：第三，台湾阳光与其他团体合作，共同主办“我是英雄运动会”。此处是动词不定式（to do）表目的，put together和sponsor都要用动词不定式形式，但由and连接时第二个动词不定式要省略to，此处用动词原形式动词sponsor（主办）符合句意。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在运动会期间，孩子们参加不同的体育活动，如投球和赛跑。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词activities，根据“such as the ball throw and running race.”可知，形容词athletic（体育运动的）符合句意。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查动词。句意：当孩子们不参加比赛时，他们喜欢其他活动，比如和当地治疗项目的狗玩耍。分析句子结构可知，此处是现在进行时（are doing），此空用现在分词（doing））形式，动词competing（比赛）符合句意。故选J项。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：每一场比赛都有一个颁奖仪式，在颁奖仪式上，所有的孩子都被正式授予奖牌，以庆祝他们的成就。in which all the children are formally________ with medals to celebrate their accomplishments是定语从句，从句主语all the children和从句谓语present是被动关系，此处用一般现在时的被动语态（are done），此处用过去分词形式，动词presented（授予）符合句意。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：通过英雄游戏等项目，台湾阳光正努力满足有特殊需要儿童家庭的需求。此处用名词作介词Through的宾语，根据“ike the Hero Games”可知，名词programs（项目）符合句意。故选K项。

III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Many things happen when people are ageing. Apart from the greying hair and wrinkled skin, there is a(n) 41 change which comes with older age. When humans reach their later years, they favour more long-term 42 and their social cirele is reduced.
Now, for what appears to be the first time, scientists have seen the same 43 in another species. Twenty years of observations of chimpanzees (猩猩) reveal that older males choose to keep contact with their 44 friends at the expense of other relationships.
The researchers studied 78,000 hours of observations made between 1996 and 2016 that followed the social 45 of 21 male chimpanzees between the ages of 15 and 58 years old. They classified the chimps' 46 depending on the amount of time they sat with others and groomed (梳毛) them. They then rated (分类) the various pairings as mutual (相互的) friendships, where both chimps seemed to enjoy the relationship; 47 friendships, where one chimp was more keen to be friends than the other; and non-friendships, where neither chimp showed 48 the other.
When the scientists looked at the 49 of friendships, they found that the older chimps had more mutual friendships and fewer one-sided friendships than younger chimps. Another 50 seen in older humans was also spotted in the chimps. As the males got older, their levels of 51 gradually become less, meaning they started fewer fights and tended to threaten others in their group less often.
The observations have left the researchers 52 . According to an idea in psychology known as socio-emotional selectivity theory, older humans prefer more 53 relationships because they are aware that time is running out. However many animal experts argue that chimpanzees 54 the human sense of mortality (死亡) , suggesting something else is driving the behaviour.
Robin Dunbar, a professor of evolutionary psychology at the University of Oxford, said in humans, the 55 social circles with age is due to declining social motivation to get out and meet people combined by lack of opportunity. In chimpanzees, as older males compete less for mates, they may focus on close, reciprocal (互惠的) relationships with trusted partners, he said.
41．A．physical B．intellectual C．emotional D．functional
42．A．habits B．friends C．tasks D．ideas
43．A．problem B．obstacle C．struggle D．behaviour
44．A．established B．respective C．experienced D．thoughtful
45．A．skills B．reputations C．interactions D．positions
46．A．intelligence B．relationships C．popularity D．performances
47．A．easy-going B．warm-hearted C．self-relying D．one-sided
48．A．respect for B．courage to C．interest in D．loyalty to
49．A．patterns B．importance C．meanings D．development
50．A．instinct B．disadvantage C．feature D．belief
51．A．responsibility B．aggression C．reliability D．advancement
52．A．delighted B．amused C．relived D．puzzled
53．A．unknown B．positive C．insecure D．senseless
54．A．lack B．obtain C．imitate D．abandon
55．A．absence from B．isolation from C．decrease in D．distinction in
41．C 42．B 43．D 44．A 45．C
46．B 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．C
51．B 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．C
本文是一篇说明文。文章通过科学研究来说明猩猩与人类一样，随着年龄变大，他们所交的朋友类型也会发生变化，年老时喜欢选择少数几个亲近的又积极活跃的朋友。
41．【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了白发和皮肤起皱外，还有随年龄增长而来的情绪变化。A. physical身体的；B. intellectual智力的；C. emotional感情的；D. functional实用的。根据“According to an idea in psychology known as socio-emotional selectivity theory, older humans prefer more ___53___ relationships because they are aware that time is running out.”可知，人类随年龄增长而带来情绪变化。故选C。
42．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人到了晚年，他们更喜欢长期的朋友，他们的社交圈减少了。A. habits习惯；B. friends朋友；C. tasks任务；D. ideas想法。根据“Twenty years of observations of chimpanzees (猩猩) reveal that older males choose to keep contact with their ___44___ friends at the expense of other relationships.”可知，当人到了晚年更喜欢长期的朋友。故选B。
43．【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，科学家们似乎首次在另一个物种身上发现了同样的行为。A. problem问题；B. obstacle障碍；C. struggle奋斗；D. behaviour行为。根据“Twenty years of observations of chimpanzees (猩猩) reveal that older males choose to keep contact with their ___44___ friends at the expense of other relationships.”可知，科学家发现黑猩猩的行为和人类的行为相似。故选D。
44．【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对黑猩猩长达20年的观察表明，年长的雄性选择与已有的朋友保持联系，而牺牲其他关系。A. established建立的；B. respective各自的；C. experienced有经验的；D. thoughtful体贴的。根据“at the expense of other relationships.”可知，年长的黑猩猩选择与已建立关系的朋友保持联系而牺牲其他关系。故选A。
45．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员研究了1996年至2016年期间进行的7.8万个小时的观察，这些观察跟踪了21只15至58岁雄性黑猩猩的社会互动。A. skills技巧；B. reputations名声；C. interactions相互作用；D. positions位置。根据“The researchers studied 78,000 hours of observations made between 1996 and 2016”可知，研究人员跟踪研究了黑猩猩的社会互动。故选C。
46．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们根据黑猩猩与其他黑猩猩坐在一起和为它们梳理毛发的时间长短来划分黑猩猩之间的关系。A. intelligence智力；B. relationships关系；C. popularity流行；D. performances表现。根据“They then rated (分类) the various pairings as mutual (相互的) friendships, where both chimps seemed to enjoy the relationship;”可知，研究人员通过观察来了解黑猩猩之间的关系。故选B。
47．【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：单方面的友谊，其中一只黑猩猩比另一只更愿意成为朋友。A. easy-going随和的；B. warm-hearted热心的；C. self-relying自力更生的；D. one-sided片面的。根据“where one chimp was more keen to be friends than the other;”可知，这是单方面的友谊。故选D。
48．【答案】C
【解析】考查短语词义辨析。句意：以及非友谊，即两只黑猩猩都没有对对方表现出兴趣。A. respect for尊敬；B. courage to勇气；C. interest in兴趣；D. loyalty to忠诚。show interest in对……有兴趣。根据“___47___ friendships, where one chimp was more keen to be friends than the other;”和“and non-friendships,”可知，两只黑猩猩没有友谊就对彼此之间没有兴趣。故选C。
49．【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当科学家们观察友谊的模式时，他们发现年长的黑猩猩比年轻的黑猩猩有更多的共同友谊，而更少的是单方面的友谊。A. patterns模式；B. importance重要性；C. meanings意义；D. development发展。根据“they found that the older chimps had more mutual friendships and fewer one-sided friendships than younger chimps.”可知，这里指科学家们观察黑猩猩的友谊模式。故选A。
50．【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老年人类的另一个特征也出现在黑猩猩身上。A. instinct直觉；B. disadvantage缺点；C. feature特色；D. belief信念。根据“Now, for what appears to be the first time, scientists have seen the same ___43___ in another species.”可知，这里指研究人员发现老年人类的另一个特征也出现在黑猩猩身上。故选C。
51．【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着雄性年龄的增长，它们的攻击性会逐渐减弱，这意味着它们开始很少打架，也不会经常威胁群体中的其他成员。A. responsibility责任；B. aggression侵犯；C. reliability可靠性；D. advancement进步。根据“meaning they started fewer fights and tended to threaten others in their group less often.”可知，雄性黑猩猩随着年龄的增长攻击性会逐渐减弱。故选B。
52．【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些观察让研究人员感到困惑。A. delighted高兴的；B. amused愉快的；C. relived再生的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据“According to an idea in psychology known as socio-emotional selectivity theory, older humans prefer more ___53___ relationships because they are aware that time is running out. However many animal experts argue that chimpanzees ___54___ the human sense of mortality (死亡), suggesting something else is driving the behaviour.”可知，研究人员对这些观察感到困惑。故选D。
53．【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据心理学上被称为社会情感选择性理论的观点，老年人更喜欢积极的关系，因为他们意识到时间不多了。A. unknown未知的；B. positive积极的；C. insecure不安全的；D. senseless无意义的。根据“because they are aware that time is running out.”可知，老年人因为意识到时间不多了，更喜欢积极的关系。故选B。
54．【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，许多动物专家认为，黑猩猩缺乏人类的死亡意识，这表明有其他因素驱动着这种行为。A. lack缺乏；B. obtain获得；C. imitate仿效；D. abandon抛弃。根据“suggesting something else is driving the behaviour.”可知，动物专家认为黑猩猩缺乏人类的死亡意识。故选A。
55．【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：牛津大学进化心理学教授罗宾·邓巴表示，就人类而言，随着年龄的增长，社交圈的减少是由于缺少机会，人们走出去和他人见面的动机下降。A. absence from缺；B. isolation from疏远；C. decrease in减少；D. distinction in区分。根据“due to declining social motivation to get out and meet people combined by lack of opportunity.”可知，人类随着年龄的增长，社交圈的减少是由于缺乏机会而减少的。故选C。

Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
A terrible thing happened to me while I was watching TV recently: I realized that I had aged. Now of course l know that I am aging, it's just that I hadn't realized quite how old I was until I saw a participant who I recognized on a reality TV show. Well, I didn't recognize her but I recognized her name. I'd slightly known her in my 20s when she'd been the celebrity who had stolen my roommates' boyfriends.
However, here's the thing that shocked me-I hadn't recognized her because rather than the beauty I remembered, on my TV was a middle-aged mum cooking. And then it hit me: that's what I look like too.
It's a particularly cruel change of nature that we can't see ourselves as others do. We see our own face so often that the wrinkles that start to cut through it just go unnoticed. Occasionally we might get a rude awakening when suddenly our bodies stop working as expected but, for the most part, we're left to get on with growing old without too many reminders. But when you get a reminder...oof! Since that show aired, I have sat in front of the mirror analyzing my face and wondering how I came to look so like my mother without noticing. I've also realized that my waist no longer fits into baby fat but a middle-aged spread.
I also fear that I don't know what middle age looks like for my generation. Did my mother still feel 24 when in reality she was 15 years older? And why do I not feel like I'm where I should be as I approach 40? I definitely remember writing a list of things I will have achieved by the time I'm 40 at 19. Where is the house in the South of France or the Porsche 911 she so desperately wanted?
Since then, I've started to redefine myself. I don't want to put everything down to age but I can't quite stop myself. Tired again? Must be my age. Thank God then for social media. All around me I see amazing women at the other end of their 40s. They've accepted their age and seem to love it, so I'm hopeful that as I move into the next decade that will be me too. And maybe I'll get the Porsche before I'm 50.
56.What is implied in Paragraph 1?
A. The author has been friends with the TV celebrity.
B. The TV celebrity used to be popular among boys.
C. The TV celebrity now lives a life of extreme luxury.
D. The aging process doesn't affect the TV celebrity.
57. In most cases, how do we perceive the aging process?
A. We clearly know what happens. B. It is very likely to slip our mind.
C. We can accept it quite peacefully. D. It always brings about hopelessness.
58.The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to.
A. a lady denying being old B. the ambitious self aged 19
C. a woman accepting her age D. the celebrity on the TV show
59. What is the theme of this article?
A. It matters not how long we live but how.
B. Wrinkles are just evidence of great wisdom.
C. Age is a very high price to pay for maturity.
D. The best tunes are played on the oldest violins.
56-59. BBCA
本篇是一篇记叙文，作者看电视的时候突然意识到自己变老了，陷入了深深的焦虑之中，担心许许多多的事。但是随后，作者重新定义自己，领悟到，人需要接受自己的年龄，一个人的存在并不取决于ta能够活多久，而是ta该怎么活着，最终释怀。

第56题 B 推断题。定位到文章第一段，“电视上的名人抢走了我舍友的男朋友”这一情节，可以推断出，能够抢走作者舍友的男朋友，电视上的那个名人应该是有几分姿色的，所以应该在男生中间玩的很来。A选项，原文说，我对那个电视上的名人略知一二，显然不是朋友，错误；C选项，文章中并没有有关电视上名人经济状况的语句，错误；D选项，根据第二段，我们可以知道，年龄其实是影响了她的，因为她“并不是电视上的美丽，而是一位正在做饭的中年妈妈”，错误。故选B。

第57题 B 细节理解题。定位到文章第三段，“We see our own face so often that the wrinkles that start to cut through it just go unnoticed”，我们经常看到自己的脸，以至于脸上的皱纹分隔开我们的脸我们都忽略了（注意不到了）。所以，在大多数情况下，我们对待变老这件事的时候，会更多的忽略它，忘记它，故选B。

第58题 C 指代题。定位到文章最后一段，划线词前一句说，我看到了40多岁的女性，他们接受并喜欢上了自己的年龄。划线词所在句说，我希望当我进入我人生的下一个十年时，也会像那样子。显然，这里的“那”指代的是，那一位接受自己年龄的女性，故选C。

第59题 A主旨大意题。通读全文，作者从文章开头就在为自己的年龄焦虑，她并不知道自己的中年是什么样子，也不知道自己年少时定的目标何时实现，但是在文章结尾作者接受并喜欢上自己的年龄。这一态度的转变的关键在于，作者意识到，年龄并不是重要的，我进馆40岁我仍然可以积极乐观的活下去，去完成自己未完成的目标，去期盼自己在十年之后能够获得自己想获得的东西。因此，这篇文章的主旨应该是，人活多久并不重要，重要的是如何活着。

（B）

Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips.
1. Stick to a sleep schedule
Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep. The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours. Most people don’t need more than eight hours in bed to be well rested. Go to bed and get up at the same time every day, including weekends. Being consistent reinforces your body’s sleep-wake cycle. If you don’t fall asleep within about 20 minutes of going to bed, leave your bedroom and do something relaxing. Read or listen to soothing music. Go back to bed when you’re tired. Repeat as needed, but continue to maintain your sleep schedule and wake-up time.
2. Pay attention to what you eat and drink
Don’t go to bed hungry or stuffed. In particular, avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. Discomfort might keep you up. Caffeine and alcohol deserve caution, too. The stimulating effects of caffeine take hours to wear off and can interfere with sleep. And even though alcohol might make you feel sleepy at first, it can disrupt sleep later in the night.
3. Create a restful environment
Keep your room cool, dark and quiet. Exposure to light in the evenings might make it more challenging to fall asleep. Avoid prolonged use of light-emitting screens just before bedtime. Consider using room-darkening shades, earplugs, a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs. Doing calming activities before bedtime, such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques, might promote better sleep.
4. Limit daytime naps
Long daytime naps can interfere with nighttime sleep. Limit naps to no more than one hour and avoid napping late in the day. However, if you work nights, you might need to nap late in the day before work to help make up your sleep debt.
5. Include physical activity in your daily routine
Regular physical activity can promote better sleep. However, avoid being active too close to bedtime. Spending time outside every day might be helpful, too.
6. Manage worries
Try to resolve your worries or concerns before bedtime. Jot down what’s on your mind and then set it aside for tomorrow. Stress management might help. Start with the basics, such as getting organized, setting priorities and delegating tasks.

60. What can be learned from the passage?
A. It’s not hard to control the factors interfering with our sleep.
B. The longer we sleep, the better we feel.
C. It’s better to remain in bed when you fail to fall asleep.
D. Stress can contribute to bad sleep.
61. According to the article, which of the following encourages better sleep?
A. Do physical exercise before going to bed. B. Drink alcohol to get sleepy.
C. Avoid long naps during the day. D. Do some indoor activities.
62. This article is most likely to come from ____________.
A. a travel magazine B. an advertisement
C. a health magazine D. an informal letter
【答案】60. D 61. C 62. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有助于睡眠的建议。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses.(从工作压力、家庭责任到疾病，很多因素都会影响一个好的睡眠)”可知，压力会导致睡眠不好，故选D。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Long daytime naps can interfere with nighttime sleep.(白天小睡时间过长会影响夜间睡眠)”可知，白天避免长时间小睡可以促进更好的睡眠。故选C。
【62题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Many factors can interfere with a good night’s sleep — from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. You might not be able to control the factors that interfere with your sleep. However, you can adopt habits that encourage better sleep. Start with these simple tips.(从工作压力、家庭责任到疾病，很多因素都会影响一个好的睡眠。你可能无法控制干扰你睡眠的因素。然而，你可以养成促进更好睡眠的习惯。从这些简单的建议开始吧)”可推知，文章可能选自健康杂志。故选C。

(C)
What kind of people can become scientists? When a group of researchers posed that question to ninth-and 10th-graders, almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard" or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.”
Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as “I'm not good at science” and “Even if I work hard, I will not do well.” It's easy for them to see a scientist's work as arising from an inborn talent.
But for high school students, learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science. Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students' beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts.
During the study, the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Michael Faraday. Intellectual struggle stories: stories about how scientists “struggled intellectually,” such as making mistakes while tackling a scientific problem and learning from them. Life struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives, such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family support. Achievement stories: stories about how scientists made great discoveries, without any discussion of coexisting challenges.
Researchers found that students who heard either type of “struggle stories" improved their science performance post-intervention, relative to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower-performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science-class performance than low-performing students who read achievement stories. In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists. By identifying a scientist's struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works，the students were able to empathize（共情）with the scientists during their own struggles.
63.Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists?
A. They lack interest in science.
B. They don't possess inborn talent.
D. They have no ability to study science.
C. They are short of confidence.
64.What's the purpose of the intervention?
A. To introduce some inspirational stories to students.
B. To expose students to scientists' great achievements.
C. To ensure students will become scientists in the future.
D. To clear students' misunderstandings of scientific work.
65.The underlined word “pronounced"' in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. delicate B. permanent C. doubtful D. apparent
66.What can we learn from the research?
A. Science ability has nothing to do with efforts.
B. Students are more motivated by achievement stories.
C. Scientists' struggle stories can influence readers' beliefs.
D. Low-performing students tend to feel connected to scientists.

63-66. CDDC
本篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家们的挫折故事反而能激发学生认真学习科学的兴趣这件事。
第63题 C 细节理解题。定位到文章第二段，“citing concerns such as ‘I’m not good at science’ and ‘Even if work hard, I will not do well.’ ”学生们认为，自己不擅长科学，即便努力工作也不会做的很好，因此他们缺乏信心，故选C。

第64题 D 细节理解题。定位到文章第三段，“Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students' beliefs…”他们设计了一种干预，改变学生的想法，科学成就反映出来的并不仅仅是努力。所以，这个干预的目的在于，清楚学生心中对于科学研究的误解，故选D。

第65题 D 词意猜测题。定位到文章最后一段，划线词前一句说，受干预的学生科学成绩有所提高，后一句说，与阅读成就故事的低成绩学生相比，那些看了挫折故事的学生在科学课上的表现更好。也就是说，这一个现象或者说影响，在低成绩学生身上更为明显(pronounced)，故选D，明显的。

第66题 C 细节理解题。定位到文章最后一段，最后一段一共说了两件事，第一，接触了奋斗故事的学生科学课上的成绩显著提高；第二，接触了奋斗故事的学生的内心和科学家产生了共鸣。AB选项和文章内容不符，错误；D选项，并不是表现差的学生和科学家产生共鸣，而是接触了奋斗故事的学生产生了共鸣。C选项，科学家们的奋斗故事对读者，也就是文中的学生产生了影响，这些故事让学生产生了共鸣，故选C。

Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
What Is a Dream?
For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.
Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.
The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The Interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that ____67____
The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. ____68____ For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.
Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. ____69____
Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.
He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.
Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. ____70____ The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.
A. Men and women dream about different things.
B. A person’s dreams and the meaning of those dreams are between the person and God alone.
C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
D. However, one thing they agree on is: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.
E. Dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.
F. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.

【答案】67. E 68. F 69. C 70. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。几个世纪以来，人们一直对他们梦到的奇怪的事情感到好奇。一些心理学家说，这种夜间思维活动没有特殊意义。然而，其他人认为梦是我们生活中重要的一部分。事实上，许多专家相信梦可以告诉我们一个人的思想和情感。文章主要说明了不同的专家对于梦的不同看法。
【67题详解】
根据上文“The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The Interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that(奥地利心理学家Sigmund Freud可能是第一个科学地研究梦的人。在他的著名著作《梦的诠释》(1900)中，Freud写道，梦是一个人愿望的表达。他认为……)”可知，本句应当承接上文，说明Sigmund Freud对于梦的观点是什么，且上文提到“梦是一个人愿望的表达”，即人们在梦里可以表达自己在现实生活中不敢表达的东西。E选项中express the feelings可对应到上文中 an expression of a person's wishes。故E选项“梦允许人们表达他们在现实生活中不敢表达的感情、想法和恐惧”符合语境，故选E。
【68题详解】
根据上文“The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer.(瑞士精神病学家Carl Jung曾是Freud的学生。然而，Jung对梦有不同的看法。Jung相信梦的目的是向做梦者传达一个信息)”以及后文“For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.(例如，梦到摔倒的人可能会发现他们对自己的评价太高了。另一方面，那些梦想成为英雄的人可能会发现他们对自己的评价太低了)”可知，上文提到了Carl Jung对梦的不同看法，他认为梦的目的是给做梦者传达信息，且后文提到梦中的各种行为，反应了做梦者对自己的看法，说明Carl Jung认为人们可以通过自己的梦境来进一步了解自己。F选项中He指的是上文提到的Carl Jung。故F选项“他认为人们可以通过思考自己的梦来更多地了解自己”符合语境，故选F。
【69题详解】
根据上文“Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior.(现代心理学家继续发展关于梦的理论。例如，来自加州大学圣克鲁兹分校的心理学家William Domhoff认为，梦与一个人的日常生活、思想和行为紧密相连)”可知，上文提到了William Domhoff对于梦的看法，本句为本段最后一句，应当承接上文举例说明，梦是如何与人的日常生活有关的。故C选项“例如，一个罪犯可能会梦见犯罪”符合语境，故选C。
【70题详解】
根据后文“The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.(梦可能有意义，但它并不意味着一些可怕的事件会真的发生。重要的是要记住梦的世界不是真实的世界)”可知，后文提到梦到可怕的事情不一定意味着真的会发生，D选项中something terrible可对应到后文中some terrible event。故D选项“然而，他们一致同意的一点是：如果你梦到一些可怕的事情将要发生，你不应该恐慌”符合语境，故选D。

V. Translation （15分）
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 不在房间的时候别让灯开者。（when）
【答案】Don't leave the light on when you' re not in the room.
【1题详解】
考查状语从句。本句为when引导的时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，主句为否定祈使句。短语leave the lights on“让灯开着”。且根据句意应用一般现在时。故译为Don't leave the light on when you' re not in the room.。

2. 你今天下午能回电话的话，我将不胜感激。(appreciate)
【答案】I would appreciate your/you calling back this afternoon./I would appreciate it if you could call back this afternoon.
【2题详解】考查句子结构/固定句型。分析句子可知这是一个主谓宾结构，表示“回电话”可用动名词短语calling back，用作动词appreciate(感激)的宾语或宾语you的宾补，结合其他汉语提示，翻译句子为：I would appreciate your/you calling back this afternoon.还可用固定句型I would appreciate it if 如果......我将不胜感激，结合其他汉语提示，翻译句子为：I would appreciate it if you could call back this afternoon.。故翻译为I would appreciate your/you calling back this afternoon./I would appreciate it if you could call back this afternoon。

3. 虽然做家务没有节省劳力的设备帮忙是很困难的，但是她仍然想念那座上世纪四十年代的房子。(challenge)
【答案】Although it was a challenge to do domestic chores/housework without labor-saving devices, she missed the 1940s house.
【3题详解】考查形式主语，时态及名词。可用it+be +名词+to do 的形式主语结构来表示中文 提示“做某事有困难”；可用domestic chores/housework表示中文提示“家务”；用labor-saving devices表示“节省劳动力的设备”。用miss表示“想念”。根据中文提示，此处时态用一般过去时，本句为although引导的让步状语从句。综合其他提示，故填Although it was a challenge to do domestic chores/housework without labor-saving devices, she missed the 1940s house.

4. 新教材教学目标明确，活动设计新颖，能极大地激发高中生学习英语的热情。(whose)
【答案】The new textbooks whose activity designs are novel, have clear teaching objectives, which can greatly stimulate the enthusiasm of high school students to learn English.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和动词时态。表示“新教材”应用the new textbooks；表示“教学目标明确”应用have clear teaching objectives，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“活动设计新颖”应用whose activity design is novel，使用whose引导定语从句；表示“能极大地激发高中生学习英语的热情”应用which can greatly stimulate the enthusiasm of high school students to learn English，which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面整个句子。故翻译成The new textbooks whose activity designs are novel, have clear teaching objectives, which can greatly stimulate the enthusiasm of high school students to learn English。

IV. Phrases filling （10分）
Directions: Fill in the blanks to make the sentences coherent and grammatically correct. Use the proper form of the phrases given in the box. Each phrase can only be used once and there is one phrase more than you need.
refer to be typical of have …in common with lie in
in case pay …regard to on behalf of warn about

62. He was thus forbidden to give answers to supplementary questions ______ he said something damaging.
63. Some clubs that replied ______ current players said it was policy not to discuss personal affairs.
64. Leibniz______ little ______ Newton except the discovery of the calculus.
65. These measures are to be established according to the procedure ______ in Article 17 on the landfill of waste and shall be adopted by 16 July 2023 at the latest.
66. Social services that ______ little ______ the needs of at-risk children are to be supervised and improved.
67. As ______ temperate zones, weather patterns vary by season with occasional extremes in temperature and rainfall.
68. Much of the potential for European economic development ______ what at first glance would seem to have been only sleepy villages.
【答案】62. in case
63. on behalf of
64. ①. had ②. in common with
65. referred to
66. ①. pay ②. regard to
67. is typical of
68. lay in
【解析】
【62题详解】
考查连词。句意：他被禁止回答补充问题，以防他说了有伤害的话。分析句子可知，此空应填连词连接前后两个句子，in case表“以防”，为连词，符合句意。故填in case。
【63题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：一些代表现任球员回复的俱乐部表示，政策上是不允许讨论个人事务。分析句子可知，此空应填介词和后面名词current players一起作状语，on behalf of表“代表”，为介词短语，符合句意。故填on behalf of。
【64题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：除了微积分的发现，莱布尼茨与牛顿几乎没有什么共同之处。分析句意可知，这里莱布尼茨和牛顿在作比较， have …in common with表“与……有共同之处”，符合句意，且这里描述过去事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填had；in common with。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：这些措施将根据第17条关于垃圾填埋提到的程序制定，最迟应在2023年7月16日前通过。分析句子可知，此空应填后置定语修饰前面的名词the procedure，refer to 表“提到”，符合句意，且the procedure和refer to为被动关系，所以这里应填过分分词形式。故填referred to 。
【66题详解】
考查动词。句意：（我们）需要监督和改进那些几乎不关注风险儿童需求的社会服务。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作从句谓语，且时态用一般现在时，主语that指代先行词services，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式， pay …regard to “关注”符合句意。故填pay；regard to。
【67题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：正如温带地区的典型情况一样，气候模式因季节而异，偶尔会出现极端的温度和降雨量。分析句子可知，本句中as表“正如”，引导定语从句，as指代后面一句话，且这里时态应用一般现在时， be typical of 表“典型的 ”，符合句意，且这里be动词形式应为一般现在时第三人称单数形式is。故填is typical of。
【68题详解】
考查动词。句意：欧洲经济发展的大部分潜力在于乍一看似乎只会沉睡的村庄。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词， lie in表“存在于”，符合句意，且由后句时态和句意可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填lay in。

VI. Guided Writing （25分）
Directions: Write an English composition in 80-100 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
假定你是学校心理社社长苏华，收到高一新生Henry的来信，向你倾诉进入高中后对学习感到十分迷茫，不知该如何设定并实现学习目标。请你用英文写一封回信，给他提供建议，帮助他走出困境。
写作内容：
1.给予安慰：
2.提出建议；
（参考范文）：
Dear Henry,
I'm sorry to hear that you're having trouble fitting in your new school and at a loss how to set goals. Such problems are quite common. Perhaps these tips will be helpful.
Firstly, it's better to set goals based on your abilities instead of pushing yourself too much. Next, if I were you, I would break big goals down into smaller ones, which will be easier to reach. What matters most is to stick to your goals and work hard towards them once they are set.
You may find achieving goals difficult, but as long as you stay positive and confident, you are sure to make it in the end!
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
SuHua