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2022-2023学年上海市金山中学高一上学期期末考试英语学科卷（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年上海市金山中学高一上学期期末考试英语学科卷（解析版），共27页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
金山中学2022学年度第一学期高一年级英语学科期末考试卷
第I卷(110分)
I. Listening Comprehension (25%)
Section A Short conversations
Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. A television. B. A computer. C. A telescope. D. An elevator.
2. A. In a cosmetic shop. B. In a pharmacy. C. In a supermarket. D. At home.
3. A. Caught colds. B. Watered Julie’s plants. C. Traveled overseas. D. Disapproved of her plan.
4. A. He is kind. B. He is impolite. C. He is somewhat busy. D. She has no comments.
5. A. Take a break. B. Go to work. C. Keep trying. D. Do other problems.
6. A. He wants to ride to school with the woman.
B. He prefers to take the bus to school.
C. He has to stand on the bus if he takes it to school.
D. He doesn’t think the traffic is a problem.
7. A. He is going on vacation.
B. He has not registered for any class yet.
C. He does not plan to study.
D. He has a very busy schedule.
8. A. Allow the woman to go ahead of him. B. Accept the woman’s apology.
C. Go to the front of the line. D. Apologize to the woman.
9. A. He is willing to help her.
B. He will help her after he finishes his assignment.
C. He is too busy to help her.
D. His car broke down and he couldn’t afford a new one.
10. A. More people like dancing. B. There is going to be a party.
C. More people should learn dancing. D. Big parties are great fun.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read thefour possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Because he failed in the match. B. Because he liked to dream there.
C. Because he had no money. D. Because he could see the hotel there.
12. A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Tuesday. D. On Saturday.
13. A. Because he didn’t like the warm and soft bed.
B. Because he liked to sleep in the park.
C. Because he wanted to have a good dream.
D. Because he couldn’t pay for it.
Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage.
14. A. The relationship between business and people.
B. Now business goes green.
C. Shopping habits are changing.
C. Green products in the supermarket.
15. A. About half. B. About 20000. C. About two out of five. D. About one third.
16. A. Public caring for the environment. B. Companies’ desire for big sales.
C. New ways of doing business. D. Rapid growth of supermarket.
17. A. The selling point for the consumers. B. The charming company name.
C. A great demand for healthy food. D. The manufacturing of green products.
Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
18. A. Archeology. B. Chinese culture. C. Chinese. D. Architecture.
19. A. 2. B. 12. C. 24. D. 10.
20. A. In January. B. In December. C. In April. D. In July.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (40%)
Section A (20%)
Directions: Choose the best answer to each question.
1. The flowers sweet in the garden and they attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. smells B. smell C. smelt D. are smelt
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：花园里的花闻起来很香，它们吸引了很多游客前来欣赏大自然的美。smell是系动词，结合并列谓语attract用一般现在时可知，smell也用一般现在时，主语The flowers复数，谓语复数形式。故选B项。
2. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ______ in Beijing.
A. would be completed B. was being completed
C. has been completed D. had been completed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到去年年底为止，在北京，另外一座新的体育馆已经被建成了。本题的解题关键是by到......时为止，该词要和完成时连用，本句by后面有last year，使用过去完成时的时态。故D正确。
3. She is pleased with you have given her and all you have told.
A. that; that B. what; which C. what; that D. all; what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和定语从句。句意：她对你给她的东西和你所说的一切感到满意。分析句子结构可知，第一空为连词引导的宾语从句，从句中缺少动词given的宾语，指的是物，故使用what；第二空为连词引导的定语从句修饰先行词all，从句中缺少told 的宾语，所以使用关系代词，先行词指的是物，并且先行词为all时，只能使用关系代词that。故选C项。
4. Mr Li has three daughters, none of is an engineer.
A. them B. which C. that D. whom
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：李先生有三个女儿，都不是工程师。分析句子结构可知，none of后需接关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 daughters，指人，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以空处需用关系代词whom置于介词of后引导非限制性定语从句。故选D。
5. The teacher could not make himself because the students were so noisy.
A. hear B. heard C. to hear D. to be heard
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：因为学生们太吵了，老师没法让自己的声音被听见。本处为“make +宾语+非谓语动词（宾补）”结构，make作谓语，himself作宾语，宾语himself和非谓语动词hear是被动关系，hear用过去分词作宾语补足语，故选B项。
6. A modern city has been set up in_______was wasteland ten years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句连接代词。句意：十年前是一片荒地的地方建起了一座现代化的城市。该空所填词要作介词in的宾语，且作从句的主语，由此可以排除B，因为where是关系副词，只能作状语。连接代词what引导一个宾语从句，“是一个什么样的地方”。故选A。
7. John is the only one of the students who French.
A. know B. knows C. knowing D. known
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：约翰是学生中唯一懂法语的人。该空为限制性定语从句的谓语部分，C和D是非谓语动词，不可以作谓语；结合主语系动词is，整句时态用一般现在时，从句主语的关系代词who指代先行词the only one of the students，“the only one of+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数，故选B项。
8. Time passed quickly, and three weeks went by we knew it.
A. before B. after C. when D. till
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：时间过得很快，不知不觉三个星期就过去了。A. before在……之前；B. after在……以后；C. when在……时候；D. till直到……为止。根据前文“Time passed quickly”可知，应该是在我们知道前，时间就过去了，才表达时间过得快。故选A项。
9. The boy was dreaming he was awakened by a tremendous noise.
A. until B. when C. as D. while
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：那男孩正在做梦，突然被一声巨响惊醒。A. until直到……；B. when当……时候，正在那时；C. as当……时候；D. while当……时候。while只能与延续性动词连用，as和when既可以与延续性动词又可以与短暂性动词连用。空后句子谓语was awakened (被弄醒)是短暂性的，排除D。until不合句意。且was/were doing…when…表示“正在进行……，就在这时……”。故选B项。
10. there, the old house can remind us of the past now and then.
A. Leaving B. Having left C. Left D. To be left
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：留老房子在那里，可以不时地提醒我们过去的往事。分析句子结构，主语为the old house，谓语动词为can remind，且前后无连词，故空处需要填非谓语的形式；且主语和动词leave为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态表示“房子被留在那儿”，故需要用到过去分词的形式，排除A和B项；结合句意可知，不表示将来或目的，排除D项。故选C项。
11. Tom in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works B. worked
C. has been working D. had been working
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的三个月里，汤姆每晚都在图书馆工作。题干中出现的over the last three months，用于现在完成进行时或现在完成时。故选C。
12. Children who are not active or_____ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A. what B. whose
C. which D. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不活跃或饮食中脂肪含量高的儿童体重会迅速增加。分析句子结构可知，先行词Children和diet之间构成所属构成，因此使用whose做定语，what不能引导定语从句；which和that在定语从句做主语，宾语，表语较多。故B正确。
13. I'm calling to enquire about the position __________in yesterday's China Daily.
A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】A 句意：我打电话来咨询一下昨天中国日报上刊登职位的信息。the position与advertise是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。此处的过去分词可以理解为一个定语从句which was advertised。
14. You may use the room as you like ________ you clean it up afterwards.
A. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词的辨析。句意：只要你事后把它打扫干净，你就可以使用我的房间。A. so far as只要；就……而言；在……范围内；B. so long as只要；C. in case万一；假使；D. even if即使，尽管。表示条件，故选B项。
【点睛】此题主要考查连词的辨析，选择连词主要是看前后句的关系，因果关系用表因果的连词，转折关系用转折连词，并列关系用并列连词，要求考生具有一定的句子分析能力和词义辨析能力。
15. Send my regards to your lovely wife when you home.
A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：当你给家里写信时，代我向你可爱的妻子致以问候。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，主句为祈使句，时间状语从句中使用一般现在时态表示将来的动作，所以从句中使用一般现在时态。故选D项。
16. One advantage of playing the guitar is________it can give you much pleasure.
A. how B. why C. that D. when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：弹吉他的一个优点是它能给你带来很多乐趣。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为表语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故应用“that”引导从句。故选C项。
17. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ________ it got any better.
A. when B. how C. why D. if
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：最初他不喜欢这份新工作，但是他决定给自己几个月的时间来看一下这工作是否会变得更好。A. when什么时候；B. how如何；C. why为什么，……原因；D. if是否。根据句意，故选D。
18. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.
A. To look B. Looking C. Having looked D. Look
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：通过看图片、插图、题目和标题，你可以猜出文章的内容。根据and 可知，该句考查的是“祈使句 +and +陈述句”的句型，and前后为两个并且的句子。故选D。
19. The map is one of the best tools a man has __ he goes to a new place．
A. whenever B. whatever
C. wherever D. however
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论何时他去一个新地方，这幅地图都是他最好的工具。A. whenever无论何时（在句中作时间状语）；B. whatever无论什么（在句中作主语）；C. wherever无论什么地方（在句中作地点状语）；D. however无论如何（在句中作方式状语）。由句意可知，本句缺乏时间状语，用whenever。故A正确。
20. The rare fish, ______ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.
A. saved B. saving C. to be saved D. having saved
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这条稀有的鱼，从锅里救了出来，已经放回了大海。分析句子可知，“ from the cooking pot”是后置定语，save是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The rare fish间是被动关系，且动作已经完成，应用过去分词。故选A项。
Section B (10%)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Children of One God
Bina and Adil came from neighboring villages.They went to the same school between the two villages.
Things went smoothly, ____21____ the Headman of Adil’s village, who was a rich merchant, decided to renovate（翻新）the school. He wanted the school to be named ____22____ him.The Headman of the Bina’s village objected to this.”The school,” he said,”belongs as much to us as to them.We shall not allow them to have control over it.”
The villagers agreed.A fight started over this small issue.It got increasingly ____23____ (bad) until the adults and even the children from Adil’s village refused to have anything to do with people from Bina’s village.The villagers prevented the children ____24____ (talk) to each other.
Bina and Adil were terribly upset. Mr.Pillai,their history teacher, called them to his room.On entering his room,Bina burst into tears.”Why are people behaving like this?Are they mad?”
“Yes,”answered Mr.Pillai,”They are!But there is a medicine to cure them.And you children can help me.”The two children were prepared to do anything they____25____.
Next day,at the assembly,Mr.Pillai said,:You are all children of one God.You are the flowers in his garden.His garden will look ugly____26____ you turn your face away from each other.Next month,on Children’s Day,let us stage a play--Unity in Diversity.”
Everyone wanted to participle in the play. Mr.Pillai made sure that every child had a part ____27____ (play).
The play was based on the Freedom Struggle____28____ men,women and children of different religions joined hands to drive away enemies from their motherland. All the parents from both villages ____29____ (invite)to witness the play.
The play began.Many elders shed tears as scenes from the past flashed before their eyes.At the end of the play,the Headmaster of the school thanked the children and _____30_____ (adress) the villagers.He said that the children had taught all of them a lesson.
【答案】21. until/before
22. after 23. worse
24. talking
25. could 26. if
27. to play
28. in which
29. were invited
30. addressed
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述两个村子的孩子在同一所学校上学，后来发生改名等事件导致两个村子发生分歧，但是在老师的安排下，通过孩子们扮演的戏剧，父母深受启发，最后又和平共处。
【21题详解】
考查连词。句意：一切都很顺利，直到阿迪尔村的村长，一位富有的商人，决定要翻新学校（在阿迪尔村的村长，一位富有的商人，决定要翻新学校之前，一切都很顺利）。根据前半句“Things went smoothly”以及下文“He wanted the school to be named ____2____ him. The Headman of the Bina’s village objected to this.(他要以自己的名字来命名学校。比那村的村长反对这件事)”可知，原本顺利的事情就到此为止了。故填until/before。
【22题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他要以自己的名字来命名学校。分析句子可知，这里考查固定搭配，name after表示以……命名，所以应填after。故填after。
【23题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：情况变得越来越糟糕，直到大人们甚至阿迪尔村里的孩子们都拒绝和来自比那村的人有任何往来。根据下文“The villagers prevented the children ___4___ (talk) to each other.(村民们阻止他们的孩子们交谈)”可知，情况变得越来越糟糕，所以应填bad的比较级worse。故填worse。
【24题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：村民们阻止他们的孩子们交谈。根据空格前prevent可知，此处考查prevent sb. (from) doing sth.表示阻止某人做某事，所以空格处应填动名词形式。故填talking。
【25题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：这两个孩子准备做他们力所能及的事情。根据空格前“were prepared to do anything”可知，anything作先行词，they___5___为定语从句来修饰anything，省略了动词do；这里表示力所能及的一切事情，can表示能力，根据前后时态保持一致，应用could。故填could。
【26题详解】
考查连词。句意：如果你们都转过脸不看彼此（不理睬彼此），他的花园会看起来很丑。分析句子可知，“you turn your face away from each other”是“His garden will look ugly”的条件。故填if。
【27题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：皮莱老师确保每一个孩子都可以参演。分析句子结构可知，此处考查have sth. to do，其中动词不定式作后置定语，如果动作由主语发出，应用主动形式to do；句子中play的动作由every child发出。故填to play。
【28题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这出戏是基于自由抗争的一部戏，剧中讲述不同种族的男人，女人还有孩子联起手来把敌人从他们的国土上驱赶出去。分析句子成分可知，The play为先行词且指物，空格处应填定语从句关系词，分析从句以及句意可知，空格处应填in which引导定语从句，表示“在剧中”。介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which.故填in which。
【29题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：两个村子的父母都受邀来观看。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合全文时态可知，应用一般过去时，invite与主语All the parents的关系为被动，所以应填were invited。故填were invited。
【30题详解】
考查时态。句意：演出结束后，校长感谢了孩子们并向村民演讲。根据空格前“thanked the children and”可知，空格处应填谓语动词与thanked并列。故填addressed。
Section C ( 10%)
Directions: Complete thefollowing passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. likely B. common C. covers D. sense E. usual
F. remains G. drive H. close I. occurs J. mobile K. contact
Family Patterns in Modern Britain
There are many different family patterns in modern Britain. The family is a central institution of modern British society, at least in the ____31____ that almost everybody has had experience of living in a family at some time in their lives.
One pattern that was ____32____ in the 1950s and covers about one in eight families today is where the parents and married children live ____33____ together but in separate houses. The family bond ____34____ strong and mothers and daughters are ____35____ to meet each other most days to talk or help each other. This pattern ____36____ more often in settled communities rather than in ____37____ ones, in the north of England rather than in the south, and in working class rather than middle-class families.
Another pattern is where parents and married children live further apart (usually about an hour’s car ____38____ from each other). Many of them meet only once or twice a month but keep in ____39____ by telephone and help each other when necessary. This pattern is growing and _____40_____ about half of the population. It is found especially in middle-class families in the south-east of England.
【答案】31. D 32. B
33. H 34. F
35. A 36. I
37. J 38. G
39. K 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现在英国家庭的两种主要的居住模式。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：家庭是现代英国社会的核心制度，至少从某种意义上说，几乎每个人都有过生活在家庭中的经历。空前为定冠词the，故空处需要填一个名词；固定句型in the sense that意为“取自某一层意义”、“从某种意义下”，符合句意。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：句意：在20世纪50年代很常见并且现在覆盖了大约八分之一家庭的一种模式是，父母和已婚子女住在一起，但住在不同的房子里。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，空处需要填一个形容词，而根据空后“in the 1950s and covers about one in eight families today”可知，这种模式从上世纪五十年代流传至今依然占比很大；B项形容词“常见的”符合句意。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词。句意：在20世纪50年代很常见并且现在覆盖了大约八分之一家庭的一种模式是，父母和已婚子女住在一起，但住在不同的房子里。根据后文“Another pattern is where parents and married children live further apart(另一种模式是父母和已婚子女住得更远)”可知，前后两种模式进行对比，第二种模式住得远，那第一种模式就住得近了。故选H项。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：家庭纽带依然牢固，母亲和女儿有可能在大多数日子里见面，互相交谈或帮助。根据后文“mothers and daughters are ____5____ to meet each other most days to talk or help each other.”可知，这种模式下，母女会经常沟通、交流、相互帮助，所以家庭纽带一直是很牢固的。F项“依旧”、“依然保持”符合句意。故选F项。
【35题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：家庭纽带依然牢固，母亲和女儿有可能在大多数日子里见面，互相交谈或帮助。固定短语be likely to do意为“有可能做某事”符合句意和题干空前be动词和后文to的提示。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：这种模式更多地出现在定居社区而不是流动社区，在英格兰北部而不是南部，在工人阶级而不是中产阶级家庭。后文“more often in settled communities rather than in ____7____ ones, in the north of England rather than in the south, and in working class rather than middle-class families.(更多地发生在定居社区，而不是流动社区，在英格兰北部而不是南部，在工人阶级而不是中产阶级家庭)”是在讲这种模式所存在的地点；对比文章最后一句“It is found especially in middle-class families in the south-east of England.(这在英格兰东南部的中产阶级家庭中尤为常见)”是在表示另一种模式的发生地点；由此可知，空处填的单词要与found“发现”意思相近；I项“发生”、“出现”符合文意。故选I项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种模式更多地出现在定居社区而不是流动社区，在英格兰北部而不是南部，在工人阶级而不是中产阶级家庭。前文rather than表示对比转折，settled意为“固定的”、“稳定的”，J项mobile“流动的”与settled意义相对，符合文意。故选J项。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：另一种模式是父母和已婚子女住得比较远（通常相距一个小时的车程）。G项drive可作名词，意为“驱车旅行”、“驾车路程”，an hour’s car drive意为“一小时车程”符合文意。故选G项。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他们中的许多人一个月只见面一两次，但通过电话保持联系，必要时互相帮助。固定短语keep in contact意为“保持联系”，符合句意。故选K项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们中的许多人一个月只见面一两次，但通过电话保持联系，必要时互相帮助。根据上文“One pattern that was common in the 1950s and covers about one in eight families today is where the parents and married children live close together but in separate houses.”中描述第一种模式覆盖了现在社会中八分之一的家庭，空处也需要填一个与covers相同或近义的词表示覆盖率。C项covers为原文复现，表“覆盖”，符合句意。故选C项。
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension：
Section A (15%)
Directions: For each blank in thefollowing passage there arefour words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that bestfits the context.
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical (经验的，实证的) basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to____41____.
Researches show that aspects of the____42____environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan MeyersLevy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room’s ceiling (天花板)____43____how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more____44____, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings,____45____, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In addition to ceiling height, the view you can____46____in a building may influence an occupant’s ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who____47____ the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off____48____, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with____49____views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily_____50_____roads and parking lots (停车场).
Recent study on room_____51_____design suggests that dim (昏暗的) light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could_____52_____relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors_____53_____.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very_____54_____number of studies, so we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw (吸管),” architect David Allison says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make_____55_____, generalized use of them? That’s what we’re all struggling with.”
41. A. friendship B. production C. relaxation D. achievement
42. A. physical B. chemical C. historical D. psychological
43. A. balances B. translates C. graduates D. affects
44. A. mainly B. freely C. practically D. originally
45. A. on the other hand B. in addition C. what’s more D. as a result
46. A. reflect B. glance C. enjoy D. contact
47. A. experienced B. endured C. ensured D. abandoned
48. A. traditionally B. environmentally C. comparatively D. academically
49. A. imbalanced B. unblocked C. unrelated D. unpolluted
50. A. separated B. overlooked C. connected D. reminded
51. A. blowing B. sighing C. lighting D. listening
52. A. decrease B. weaken C. confuse D. increase
53. A. relax B. stress C. regret D. consider
54. A. limited B. flexible C. impolite D. subtle
55. A. absolute B. broad C. narrow D. healthy
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了房间的设计，如天花板的高度、室内外的景观以及灯光的选择等可以在很大程度上影响居住者，至于这种理论正确与否，还有待进一步验证。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们正在探索如何设计空间，以促进创造力，让人们保持专注，并带来放松。A. friendship友谊；B. production生产；C. relaxation放松；D. achievement成就。由上文的“spaces that promote creativity”可知，可以促进创造力的空间应该是让人觉得放松的空间，呼应下文第12空后出现的“relaxation”。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，物理环境的各个方面都会影响创造力。A. physical客观存在的；现实的；B. chemical化学的；C. historical（有关）历史的；D. psychological心理的。由上文的“Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors.(建筑师长期以来一直认为，我们居住的地方会影响我们的思维、感受和行为)”和常识可知，思维包括了创造力，所以物理环境（如居住的地方）的各个方面都会影响创造力。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2007年，明尼苏达大学的Joan MeyersLevy报告说，房间天花板的高度会影响人们的思维方式。A. balances权衡；B. translates翻译；C. graduates毕业；D. affects影响。由上文的“Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors.(建筑师长期以来一直认为，我们居住的地方会影响我们的思维、感受和行为)”和“aspects of the____2____environment can influence creativity(物理环境的各个方面都会影响创造力)”可知，房间天花板的高度属于物理环境（如居住的地方）的因素之一，可得出房间天花板的高度会影响人们的思维方式。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的研究表明，更高的天花板鼓励人们更自由地思考，这可能会导致他们建立更抽象的联系。A. mainly主要地；B. freely自由地；C. practically几乎；D. originally原来。由下文的“which may lead them to make more abstract connections”可知，只有自由地去想象，才会建立更抽象的联系（即天马行空的想象）。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：另一方面，低天花板可能会激发出更详细的前景。A. on the other hand另一方面；B. in addition此外；C. what’s more此外；D. as a result结果。由上文的“Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more____4____, which may lead them to make more abstract connections.(她的研究表明，更高的天花板鼓励人们更自由地思考，这可能会导致他们建立更抽象的联系)”和本句可知，这是Joan MeyersLevy研究结果的两方面发现。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了天花板高度外，您在建筑中可以欣赏到的景色可能会影响居住者的注意力。A. reflect反映；B. glance瞥一眼；C. enjoy欣赏；D. contact联系。限制性定语从句“you can____6____in a building”修饰先行词the view，并结合下文“ kids who 9 the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.”可知，此处应该是指人在建筑中可以欣赏到的景色。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nancy Wells和她在康奈尔大学的同事在研究中发现，那些因为搬家而有机会体验更多绿植的孩子们在注意力标准化测试中得分最高。A. experienced体验、感受；B. endured忍受；C. ensured确保；D. abandoned抛弃。呼应上文“the view you can____6____in a building may influence an occupant’s ability to concentrate(您在建筑中可以欣赏到的景色可能会影响居住者的注意力)”讲室内外景观对居住者注意力的影响，可得出该测试的受试者要体验到与景观相关的事物，所以因为搬家有些孩子能体验到更多绿植。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：佐治亚大学学校设计与规划实验室负责人C. Kenneth Tanner领导的一项研究表明，利用自然来提高注意力的集中度应该在学术上有所回报，而且似乎也是如此。A. traditionally传统上；B. environmentally与环境有关地；C. comparatively相对地；D. academically在学术上。由上文的“Using nature to improve focus of attention”可知自然能提高注意力的集中度，下文的“students in classrooms with____9____views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily____10____roads and parking lots (停车场)(那些坐在教室里能望见窗外至少50英尺____9____景色的学生在单词、语言、艺术和数学考试上取得的成绩，要优于那些只能从教室窗户____10____马路和停车场的学生)”讲述在是否接触自然前提下进行测试的一组学生研究表明了：接触自然越多，成绩越好，可得出利用自然来提高注意力的集中度在学术成绩上有所回报。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tanner和他的团队发现，那些坐在教室里能一眼望见窗外至少50英尺景色的学生在单词、语言、艺术和数学考试上取得的成绩，要优于那些只能从教室窗户看到马路和停车场的学生。A. imbalanced失衡的；B. unblocked未阻塞的、畅通无阻的；C. unrelated不相关的；D. unpolluted未受污染的。由上文语境可知，本句就是否接触自然前提下对自然是否影响学生学业进行了测试，对比下文的“roads and parking lots (停车场)”学生只看见窗户外的马路和停车场，本空强调的是那些能够看到窗外至少50英尺一览无遗景色的学生，“一览无遗”暗指毫无阻碍、畅通无阻地观看。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tanner和他的团队发现，那些坐在教室里能一眼望见窗外至少50英尺景色的学生在单词、语言、艺术和数学考试上取得的成绩，要优于那些只能从教室窗户看到马路和停车场的学生。A. separated分开；B. overlooked眺望；C. connected连接；D. reminded提醒。呼应上文“outside the window”看向窗外，这组学生只看到了马路和停车场。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：最近关于室内照明设计的研究表明，昏暗的光线有助于人们放松。A. blowing吹；B. sighing叹气；C. lighting照明；D. listening倾听。由下文的“dim (昏暗的) light”和“the light”可知，此处指室内照明设计。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果这是普遍的事实，那么在晚餐或聚会时保持低光照度可以增加放松。A. decrease减少；B. weaken弱化；C. confuse使困惑；D. increase增加。呼应上文“dim (昏暗的) light helps people to loosen up(昏暗的光线有助于人们放松)”讲低光照度可以增加放松。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈佛医学院研究人员还发现，边缘圆润的家具可以帮助游客放松。A. relax放松；B. stress强调；C. regret后悔；D. consider考虑。呼应上文“They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to____1____. (他们正在探索如何设计空间，以促进创造力，让人们保持专注，并带来放松)”讲室内空间设计帮助人放松。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：建筑师David Allison说：“我们的研究数量非常有限，所以我们现在看待问题如同管中窥豹。”A. limited有限的；B. flexible灵活的；C. impolite无礼的；D. subtle不易察觉的。由上文的“So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings.(到目前为止，科学家主要关注公共建筑)”以及下文“so we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw (吸管)”可知，研究数量非常有限。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你怎么回答非常具体的问题，并把它们广泛的，普遍的运用呢？这就是我们努力的事情。A. absolute绝对的；B. broad广泛的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. healthy健康的。呼应下文“generalized use”普遍运用这个概念，表并列，指广泛运用。故选B项。
Section B (30%)
Directions：Read the followingfour passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there arefour choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one thatfits best according to the information given in the passage you havejust read.
(A)
When a child is told he is “uncool”, it can be very painful. He may say he doesn’t care, and even act in ways that are opposite of cool on purpose. But ultimately, these are simply ways to handle sadness by pretending it’s not there.
Helping a child feel better in school had to be careful. If you say, “Why are you worried about what other children think about you? It doesn’t matter!” children know that it does matter. Instead, an active way may be best. You could say, “I’m going to do a couple of things for you to help you feel better in school.”
If a boy is having trouble making friends the teacher can help him. The teacher can arrange things so that he has chances to use his abilities to contribute to class projects. This is how the other children learn how to value his good qualities and to like him. A teacher can also raise a child’s popularity in the group by showing that he values that child. It even helps to put him in a seat next to a very popular child, or let him be a partner with that child in activities, etc.
There are things that parents can do at home, too. Be friendly when your child brings others home to play. Encourage him to invite friends to meals and then serve the dishes they consider “super”. When you plan trips, picnics, movies, and other shows, invite another child with whom your child wants to be friends.
What you can do is to give him a chance to join a group that may be shutting him out. Then, if he has good qualities, he can start to build real friendship of his own.
56. A child who has been informed of being “uncool” may _____.
A. care nothing about it
B. develop a sense of anger
C. do something uncool purposely
D. pretend to get hurt very much
57. A teacher can help an unpopular child by _____.
A. seeing the child as the teacher’s favourite
B. asking the child to do something for partners
C. forcing other children to make friends with the child
D. offering the child chances to show his good qualities
58. How can parents help their child fit in better?
A. By cooking delicious food for him.
B. By being kind to his schoolmates.
C. By forcing him to invite friends home.
D. By taking him to have picnics in the park.
59. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Children don’t care about others’ comments on them.
B. It’s only a teacher’s work to make children popular.
C. Parents should take their children out for picnic and shows more often.
D. Inviting children’s friends to family activities is good for them to make friends.
【答案】56. C 57. D 58. B 59. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何帮助孩子交友。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“When a child is told he is ‘uncool’, it can be very painful. He may say he doesn’t care, and even act in ways that are opposite of cool on purpose.(当一个孩子被告知他“不酷”时，这可能是非常痛苦的。他可能会说他不在乎，甚至故意表现得很不酷)”可知。当一个孩子被告知他不酷的时候，他可能会故意做一些不酷的事情。故选C项。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“If a boy is having trouble making friends, the teacher can help him. The teacher can arrange things so that he has chances to use his abilities to contribute to class projects.(如果一个男孩在交朋友方面有困难，老师可以帮助他。老师可以安排事情，让他有机会发挥自己的能力，为班级项目做贡献)”可知，对于一个不受欢迎的孩子，老师可以安排一些事情让孩子有机会发挥自己的能力，展现他的优秀品质。故选D项。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“There are things that parents can do at home, too. Be friendly when your child brings others home to play. Encourage him to invite friends to meals and then serve the dishes they consider ‘super’. (父母也可以在家里做一些事情。当你的孩子带别人回家玩时，要友好。鼓励他邀请朋友来吃饭，然后做他们认为“超级”的菜)”可知，父母可以通过友好对待孩子的同学来帮助孩子更好地融入集体。故选B项。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“When you plan trips, picnics, movies, and other shows, invite another child with whom your child wants to be friends. (当你计划旅行、野餐、看电影或其他表演时，邀请另一个你的孩子想和他成为朋友的孩子)”可知，邀请孩子的朋友到家里对孩子交朋友有帮助，故D项正确。故选D项。
(B)
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e. If published, you will receive a copy of Teen Ink, and a wooden pen.
f. All works submitted (提交) will not be returned and all copyrights (版权) belong to Teen Ink
We keep the rights to publish all such works in any forms. All materials in Teen Ink are copyrighted to protect us and prevent others from republishing your work.
60. We can conclude from the passage that Teen Ink is a .
A. magazine B. publishing house
C. research centre D. advertising company
61. What can be learned from the passage?
A. They must ask for your permission before having your work published.
B. The copyrights will be shared by Teen Ink and Pepsi.
C. They only accept your written work.
D. The Pepsi Company sponsors (赞助) Teen Ink.
62. Choose a suitable title for this piece of advertisement.
A. JOIN TEEN INK B. SPONSOR (赞助) TEEN INK
C. SEND US YOUR WORK D. KEEP IN TOUCH WITH TEEN INK
【答案】60. A 61. D 62. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了一家文本出版公司要投稿者知道的注意事项和要求，目的在于鼓励更多的人参与投稿。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。由THE FINE PRINT中的“e. If published, you will receive a copy of Teen Ink, and a wooden pen. (e.如果出版，你将收到一本Teen Ink和一支木笔)”可得出，Teen Ink是一本杂志的名字。故选A项。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。由THE FINE PRINT中的“d. Include a self-addressed envelope, and we’ll send a coupon (优惠券) for any Pepsi product and an announcement to let you know we got your work. (d.包括一个自编地址的信封，我们将发送百事可乐产品的优惠券和通知，让您知道我们收到了您的作品)”可知，向Teen Ink发送作品就能得到百事可乐产品的优惠券，可得出百事公司赞助了Teen Ink。故选D项。
【62题详解】
主旨大意题。由文中的“SEND IT ALL SUMMER! (整个夏天都可以寄作品)”和其它内容可知，本文主要介绍了一家文本出版公司要投稿者知道的注意事项和要求，目的在于鼓励更多的人参与投稿，C项“把你的作品寄给我们”符合文意。故选C项。
(C)
Ever walked to the shops only to find, once there, you’ve completely forgotten what you went for? Or struggled to remember the name of an old friend? For years we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of aging as wrinkles and gray hair. But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.
According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s — much later than previously thought.
Furthermore, rather than losing many brain cells as we age, we keep them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years it’s been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.
This continuing research has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive (认知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s. Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed — how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as problem-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.
Neuroscientists are also finding that we are happier with aging. A recent US study found older people were much better at controlling and balancing their emotions. It is thought that when we’re younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the world, but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.
63. Barbara Strauch probably agrees that ______.
A. the young are better at handling important things
B. wrinkles and gray hair are the only symbols of aging
C. aging leads to the decline of the function of the brain
D. people’s brains work best between their 40s and 60s
64. The continuing research has found older people perform better on ______.
A. vocabulary tests B. number ability
C. perceptual speed D. body balance
65. People are happier with aging because ______.
A. they know how to share feelings B. they learn to value the time left
C. they cannot focus on negative aspects D. they do not realize the possible dangers
66. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. People get happier with age. B. People get more forgetful with age.
C. People get wiser with age. D. People get more self-aware with age.
【答案】63. D 64. A 65. B 66. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述的内容是随着年龄的增长，确实会变得更聪明。同样发现，人也会越来越开心。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s她认为一些研究已经发现，我们的大脑在40岁到60岁之间达到顶峰，可知Barbara Strauch人们的大脑在40到60岁之间工作得最好，故选D项。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. 持续的研究发现，老年人在词汇测试、语言记忆(你能记住多少单词)和解决问题方面表现得更好。故选A项。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life : therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.随着年龄的增长我们学到教训，意识到我们还剩下更少的时间活着，因此,快乐对于我们来说更重要。由此可以推知，随着年龄的增长，人们会更快乐，因为他们学会珍惜剩下的时间，故选B项。
【66题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文和第五段的In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.可知本文主要讲述的内容是随着年龄的增长，确实会变得更聪明，故选C项。
Section C (8%)
Directions: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable sentences to fill in the blanks and complete the passage. There are two extra sentences you do not need.
Mouth bacteria grow fast in airless conditions. Oxygen rich saliva (唾液) keeps their numbers down. When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur producing bacteria gains the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”.
Alcohol drinking, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise, anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath.____67____. Some people’s breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview.
____68____. This explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacteria have characteristically sweet breath.
For most of us, the simple, dry mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured. Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria.____69____. Those with constant dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria.
____70____. The liquid can mask bad breath smell with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they don’t necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus (粘液). If the mouthwash contains alcohol—as most do—it can worsen the problem by drying out the mouth.
A. Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash.
B. Saliva flow gradually slows with age.
C. So can stress, though it’s not understood the reason why.
D. Mouth wash is an effective to eliminate the bad breath.
E Breakfast often stops morning breath.
F. Not drinking water for too long can also cause bad breath.
【答案】67. C 68. B 69. E 70. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了口气（臭）的原因，虽有些治疗措施，但无法根治。
【67题详解】
C选项“压力也会使人口臭，尽管原因尚不清楚。”和上文“Alcohol drinking, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise, anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. (饮酒、交谈过多、运动时通过口腔呼吸，任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭)”一起讲明口臭产生的原因，引出下文“Some people’s breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview. (有些人每次参加面试时，口气都会发酸)”讲有些人面试有压力时口气发酸发臭。故选C项。
【68题详解】
结合第一段中“When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur producing bacteria gains the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”. (例如，当我们睡觉时，唾液流变慢，产硫细菌占据上风，产生经典的“早上口气”)”可知唾液流变慢，硫细菌增多易导致口气产生，B选项“唾液流随着年龄的增长而逐渐减慢。”是下文“This explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people. (这解释了为什么老年人比年轻人有更多的口臭问题)”老年人比年轻人有更多的口臭问题的原因。故选B项。
【69题详解】
结合第一段中“When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur producing bacteria gains the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”. (例如，当我们睡觉时，唾液流变慢，产硫细菌占据上风，产生经典的“早上口气”)”可知唾液流变慢，硫细菌增多易导致口气产生，由上文“Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. (吃或喝会引发唾液，并清除许多细菌)”和下文“Those with constant dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. (那些经常口干的人发现，把口香糖、硬糖或一瓶水或果汁放在身边会有帮助)”可知吃或喝引发唾液增多，可以清除许多细菌，缓解口干等各种口臭问题，E选项“早餐常常会阻止产生早上口气。”符合该段“通过吃喝”缓解口气的问题。故选E项。
【70题详解】
A选项“令人惊讶的是，漱口水很少起作用。”引出下文“The liquid can mask bad breath smell with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. (这种液体可以用自己的气味掩盖口臭，但效果不会超过一小时。)”和“The trouble is, they don’t necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus (粘液). (问题是，漱口水不一定能接触到所有冒犯的细菌。大多数细菌在厚厚的粘液层下都能很好地防止漱口)”讲漱口水效用不大，选项中的mouthwash指代下文的The liquid。故选A项。
第Ⅱ卷(共40分)
I. Translation: (15%)( 3+3+3+3+3 )
Directions: Translate thefollowing sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
71. 我每天复习英语要花一小时 。(It)(汉译英)
【答案】It takes me one hour to review English every day.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。结合时间状语“every day (每天)”，时态用一般现在时，固定句型it takes sb.+一段时间+to do sth. (某事花费某人多久时间去做)，动词review (复习)，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：It takes me one hour to review English every day.
72. 教师对学生的影响常常贯穿他们的一生 。(impact) (汉译英)
【答案】Teachers’ impact on students stays all through their lives.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词的数、固定短语、动词时态。结合句意可知，句子是在陈述一个客观事实，故用一般现在时态即可；句中“教师”和“学生”均为泛指，故需要用复数的形式；表示“对……有影响”为impact on sb.；表示“贯穿某人的一生”为固定短语stay all through one's life，根据句意，指的是“学生们的一生”，故短语中可数名词life需要变成复数形式lives。故翻译为Teachers’ impact on students stays all through their lives.
73. 外科医生能修复不能再正常工作的器官 。(no longer) (汉译英)
【答案】Surgeons can repair the organs that/which no longer work properly.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。名词surgeon (外科医生)和organ (器官)不止一个，用其复数形式，主句“外科医生能修复器官”表达为“Surgeons can repair the organs”，“不能再正常工作的”用限制性定语从句表达，修饰先行词the organs (器官)，从句表达一种事实，时态用一般现在时，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which，no longer (不再)，副词properly (适当地)作状语修饰谓语动词work (工作)，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Surgeons can repair the organs that/which no longer work properly.
74. 毫无疑问，我们应该尽力减少碳足迹。(doubt)（汉译英）
【答案】There is no doubt that we should do our best to reduce our carbon footprints.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语和固定句型。结合句意表示“毫无疑问……”可知句型为there is no doubt that…；从句中主语为we，表示“尽力做某事”短语为do one’s best to do sth.；表示“减少”应用动词reduce；表示“碳足迹”短语为carbon footprints。故翻译为There is no doubt that we should do our best to reduce our carbon footprints.
75. 很多中年人喜欢在家烧饭远胜于出门觅食。(prefer) （汉译英）
【答案】Many middle-aged people prefer cooking at home to eating outside.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。结合句意表示“中年人”短语为middle-aged people，由many修饰；表示“喜欢做某事远胜于做某事”短语为prefer doing sth. to doing sth.；表示“烧饭”应用动词cook，此处应用动名词形式作宾语；表示“在家”短语为at home；表示“出门觅食”可用短语eat outside。句子应用一般现在时。故翻译为Many middle-aged people prefer cooking at home to eating outside.
Ⅱ. Guided Writing (25%)
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是王小明，你们学校在招募英语夏令营的成员，请你用英语写一份申请 。申请的开头和结尾已经给出。
内容应包括：
1.你参加这次活动的目的；
2.你的兴趣、爱好和特长。
提示词语：文化交流 cultural exchange; 夏令营 summer camp
Dear Sir/Madam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Wang Xiaoming
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to apply for a position in the summer camp. First of all, it will be a great chance for me to learn to be independent as we will be exposed to a new environment. What's more, through the cultural exchange program, I want more foreigners to know about our traditions and customs.
I have many hobbies, one of which is travelling. My other hobbies include language study, drawing, playing soccer, reading and listening to music. I played soccer last year for my city’s local team. I enjoy reading too, and my favorite books are Harry Potter series by J. K. Rowling.
As a senior school student, I sincerely hope that I can get involved in the activities to gain practical experience in addition to the knowledge we learn from books.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Wang Xiaoming
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是王小明，你们学校在招募英语夏令营的成员，请你用英语写一份申请，要求写清参加这次活动的目的，自己的兴趣、爱好和特长。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance →opportunity
此外：what’s more →besides →in addition
喜欢：enjoy →be fond of →be attracted to
参加：get involved in →take part in →participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I played soccer last year for my city’s local team.
拓展句：I played soccer last year for my city’s local team, in which I was appointed as captain.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, it will be a great chance for me to learn to be independent as we will be exposed to a new environment.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语和as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】I have many hobbies, one of which is travelling.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
听力：SectionA1-5.DCDBA 6-10.CBACD
SectionB11-13.CCC 14-17.BCAD 18-20.ABD
金山中学2022学年度第一学期高一年级英语学科期末考试卷
第I卷(110分)
I. Listening Comprehension (25%)
Section A Short conversations
Directions: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. A television. B. A computer. C. A telescope. D. An elevator.
2. A. In a cosmetic shop. B. In a pharmacy. C. In a supermarket. D. At home.
3. A. Caught colds. B. Watered Julie’s plants. C. Traveled overseas. D. Disapproved of her plan.
4. A. He is kind. B. He is impolite. C. He is somewhat busy. D. She has no comments.
5. A. Take a break. B. Go to work. C. Keep trying. D. Do other problems.
6. A. He wants to ride to school with the woman.
B. He prefers to take the bus to school.
C. He has to stand on the bus if he takes it to school.
D. He doesn’t think the traffic is a problem.
7. A. He is going on vacation.
B. He has not registered for any class yet.
C. He does not plan to study.
D. He has a very busy schedule.
8. A. Allow the woman to go ahead of him. B. Accept the woman’s apology.
C. Go to the front of the line. D. Apologize to the woman.
9. A. He is willing to help her.
B. He will help her after he finishes his assignment.
C. He is too busy to help her.
D. His car broke down and he couldn’t afford a new one.
10. A. More people like dancing. B. There is going to be a party.
C. More people should learn dancing. D. Big parties are great fun.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read thefour possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Because he failed in the match. B. Because he liked to dream there.
C. Because he had no money. D. Because he could see the hotel there.
12. A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Tuesday. D. On Saturday.
13. A. Because he didn’t like the warm and soft bed.
B. Because he liked to sleep in the park.
C. Because he wanted to have a good dream.
D. Because he couldn’t pay for it.
Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage.
14. A. The relationship between business and people.
B. Now business goes green.
C. Shopping habits are changing.
C. Green products in the supermarket.
15. A. About half. B. About 20000. C. About two out of five. D. About one third.
16. A. Public caring for the environment. B. Companies’ desire for big sales.
C. New ways of doing business. D. Rapid growth of supermarket.
17. A. The selling point for the consumers. B. The charming company name.
C. A great demand for healthy food. D. The manufacturing of green products.
Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
18. A. Archeology. B. Chinese culture. C. Chinese. D. Architecture.
19. A. 2. B. 12. C. 24. D. 10.
20. A. In January. B. In December. C. In April. D. In July.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (40%)
Section A (20%)
Directions: Choose the best answer to each question.
1. The flowers sweet in the garden and they attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. smells B. smell C. smelt D. are smelt
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：花园里的花闻起来很香，它们吸引了很多游客前来欣赏大自然的美。smell是系动词，结合并列谓语attract用一般现在时可知，smell也用一般现在时，主语The flowers复数，谓语复数形式。故选B项。
2. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ______ in Beijing.
A. would be completed B. was being completed
C. has been completed D. had been completed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：到去年年底为止，在北京，另外一座新的体育馆已经被建成了。本题的解题关键是by到......时为止，该词要和完成时连用，本句by后面有last year，使用过去完成时的时态。故D正确。
3. She is pleased with you have given her and all you have told.
A. that; that B. what; which C. what; that D. all; what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和定语从句。句意：她对你给她的东西和你所说的一切感到满意。分析句子结构可知，第一空为连词引导的宾语从句，从句中缺少动词given的宾语，指的是物，故使用what；第二空为连词引导的定语从句修饰先行词all，从句中缺少told 的宾语，所以使用关系代词，先行词指的是物，并且先行词为all时，只能使用关系代词that。故选C项。
4. Mr Li has three daughters, none of is an engineer.
A. them B. which C. that D. whom
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：李先生有三个女儿，都不是工程师。分析句子结构可知，none of后需接关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 daughters，指人，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，所以空处需用关系代词whom置于介词of后引导非限制性定语从句。故选D。
5. The teacher could not make himself because the students were so noisy.
A. hear B. heard C. to hear D. to be heard
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：因为学生们太吵了，老师没法让自己的声音被听见。本处为“make +宾语+非谓语动词（宾补）”结构，make作谓语，himself作宾语，宾语himself和非谓语动词hear是被动关系，hear用过去分词作宾语补足语，故选B项。
6. A modern city has been set up in_______was wasteland ten years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句连接代词。句意：十年前是一片荒地的地方建起了一座现代化的城市。该空所填词要作介词in的宾语，且作从句的主语，由此可以排除B，因为where是关系副词，只能作状语。连接代词what引导一个宾语从句，“是一个什么样的地方”。故选A。
7. John is the only one of the students who French.
A. know B. knows C. knowing D. known
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：约翰是学生中唯一懂法语的人。该空为限制性定语从句的谓语部分，C和D是非谓语动词，不可以作谓语；结合主语系动词is，整句时态用一般现在时，从句主语的关系代词who指代先行词the only one of the students，“the only one of+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数，故选B项。
8. Time passed quickly, and three weeks went by we knew it.
A. before B. after C. when D. till
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：时间过得很快，不知不觉三个星期就过去了。A. before在……之前；B. after在……以后；C. when在……时候；D. till直到……为止。根据前文“Time passed quickly”可知，应该是在我们知道前，时间就过去了，才表达时间过得快。故选A项。
9. The boy was dreaming he was awakened by a tremendous noise.
A. until B. when C. as D. while
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：那男孩正在做梦，突然被一声巨响惊醒。A. until直到……；B. when当……时候，正在那时；C. as当……时候；D. while当……时候。while只能与延续性动词连用，as和when既可以与延续性动词又可以与短暂性动词连用。空后句子谓语was awakened (被弄醒)是短暂性的，排除D。until不合句意。且was/were doing…when…表示“正在进行……，就在这时……”。故选B项。
10. there, the old house can remind us of the past now and then.
A. Leaving B. Having left C. Left D. To be left
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：留老房子在那里，可以不时地提醒我们过去的往事。分析句子结构，主语为the old house，谓语动词为can remind，且前后无连词，故空处需要填非谓语的形式；且主语和动词leave为动宾关系，故需要用被动语态表示“房子被留在那儿”，故需要用到过去分词的形式，排除A和B项；结合句意可知，不表示将来或目的，排除D项。故选C项。
11. Tom in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works B. worked
C. has been working D. had been working
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的三个月里，汤姆每晚都在图书馆工作。题干中出现的over the last three months，用于现在完成进行时或现在完成时。故选C。
12. Children who are not active or_____ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A. what B. whose
C. which D. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不活跃或饮食中脂肪含量高的儿童体重会迅速增加。分析句子结构可知，先行词Children和diet之间构成所属构成，因此使用whose做定语，what不能引导定语从句；which和that在定语从句做主语，宾语，表语较多。故B正确。
13. I'm calling to enquire about the position __________in yesterday's China Daily.
A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】A 句意：我打电话来咨询一下昨天中国日报上刊登职位的信息。the position与advertise是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。此处的过去分词可以理解为一个定语从句which was advertised。
14. You may use the room as you like ________ you clean it up afterwards.
A. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词的辨析。句意：只要你事后把它打扫干净，你就可以使用我的房间。A. so far as只要；就……而言；在……范围内；B. so long as只要；C. in case万一；假使；D. even if即使，尽管。表示条件，故选B项。
【点睛】此题主要考查连词的辨析，选择连词主要是看前后句的关系，因果关系用表因果的连词，转折关系用转折连词，并列关系用并列连词，要求考生具有一定的句子分析能力和词义辨析能力。
15. Send my regards to your lovely wife when you home.
A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：当你给家里写信时，代我向你可爱的妻子致以问候。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，主句为祈使句，时间状语从句中使用一般现在时态表示将来的动作，所以从句中使用一般现在时态。故选D项。
16. One advantage of playing the guitar is________it can give you much pleasure.
A. how B. why C. that D. when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：弹吉他的一个优点是它能给你带来很多乐趣。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为表语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故应用“that”引导从句。故选C项。
17. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ________ it got any better.
A. when B. how C. why D. if
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：最初他不喜欢这份新工作，但是他决定给自己几个月的时间来看一下这工作是否会变得更好。A. when什么时候；B. how如何；C. why为什么，……原因；D. if是否。根据句意，故选D。
18. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.
A. To look B. Looking C. Having looked D. Look
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：通过看图片、插图、题目和标题，你可以猜出文章的内容。根据and 可知，该句考查的是“祈使句 +and +陈述句”的句型，and前后为两个并且的句子。故选D。
19. The map is one of the best tools a man has __ he goes to a new place．
A. whenever B. whatever
C. wherever D. however
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论何时他去一个新地方，这幅地图都是他最好的工具。A. whenever无论何时（在句中作时间状语）；B. whatever无论什么（在句中作主语）；C. wherever无论什么地方（在句中作地点状语）；D. however无论如何（在句中作方式状语）。由句意可知，本句缺乏时间状语，用whenever。故A正确。
20. The rare fish, ______ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.
A. saved B. saving C. to be saved D. having saved
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这条稀有的鱼，从锅里救了出来，已经放回了大海。分析句子可知，“ from the cooking pot”是后置定语，save是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The rare fish间是被动关系，且动作已经完成，应用过去分词。故选A项。
Section B (10%)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Children of One God
Bina and Adil came from neighboring villages.They went to the same school between the two villages.
Things went smoothly, ____21____ the Headman of Adil’s village, who was a rich merchant, decided to renovate（翻新）the school. He wanted the school to be named ____22____ him.The Headman of the Bina’s village objected to this.”The school,” he said,”belongs as much to us as to them.We shall not allow them to have control over it.”
The villagers agreed.A fight started over this small issue.It got increasingly ____23____ (bad) until the adults and even the children from Adil’s village refused to have anything to do with people from Bina’s village.The villagers prevented the children ____24____ (talk) to each other.
Bina and Adil were terribly upset. Mr.Pillai,their history teacher, called them to his room.On entering his room,Bina burst into tears.”Why are people behaving like this?Are they mad?”
“Yes,”answered Mr.Pillai,”They are!But there is a medicine to cure them.And you children can help me.”The two children were prepared to do anything they____25____.
Next day,at the assembly,Mr.Pillai said,:You are all children of one God.You are the flowers in his garden.His garden will look ugly____26____ you turn your face away from each other.Next month,on Children’s Day,let us stage a play--Unity in Diversity.”
Everyone wanted to participle in the play. Mr.Pillai made sure that every child had a part ____27____ (play).
The play was based on the Freedom Struggle____28____ men,women and children of different religions joined hands to drive away enemies from their motherland. All the parents from both villages ____29____ (invite)to witness the play.
The play began.Many elders shed tears as scenes from the past flashed before their eyes.At the end of the play,the Headmaster of the school thanked the children and _____30_____ (adress) the villagers.He said that the children had taught all of them a lesson.
【答案】21. until/before
22. after 23. worse
24. talking
25. could 26. if
27. to play
28. in which
29. were invited
30. addressed
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述两个村子的孩子在同一所学校上学，后来发生改名等事件导致两个村子发生分歧，但是在老师的安排下，通过孩子们扮演的戏剧，父母深受启发，最后又和平共处。
【21题详解】
考查连词。句意：一切都很顺利，直到阿迪尔村的村长，一位富有的商人，决定要翻新学校（在阿迪尔村的村长，一位富有的商人，决定要翻新学校之前，一切都很顺利）。根据前半句“Things went smoothly”以及下文“He wanted the school to be named ____2____ him. The Headman of the Bina’s village objected to this.(他要以自己的名字来命名学校。比那村的村长反对这件事)”可知，原本顺利的事情就到此为止了。故填until/before。
【22题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他要以自己的名字来命名学校。分析句子可知，这里考查固定搭配，name after表示以……命名，所以应填after。故填after。
【23题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：情况变得越来越糟糕，直到大人们甚至阿迪尔村里的孩子们都拒绝和来自比那村的人有任何往来。根据下文“The villagers prevented the children ___4___ (talk) to each other.(村民们阻止他们的孩子们交谈)”可知，情况变得越来越糟糕，所以应填bad的比较级worse。故填worse。
【24题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：村民们阻止他们的孩子们交谈。根据空格前prevent可知，此处考查prevent sb. (from) doing sth.表示阻止某人做某事，所以空格处应填动名词形式。故填talking。
【25题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：这两个孩子准备做他们力所能及的事情。根据空格前“were prepared to do anything”可知，anything作先行词，they___5___为定语从句来修饰anything，省略了动词do；这里表示力所能及的一切事情，can表示能力，根据前后时态保持一致，应用could。故填could。
【26题详解】
考查连词。句意：如果你们都转过脸不看彼此（不理睬彼此），他的花园会看起来很丑。分析句子可知，“you turn your face away from each other”是“His garden will look ugly”的条件。故填if。
【27题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：皮莱老师确保每一个孩子都可以参演。分析句子结构可知，此处考查have sth. to do，其中动词不定式作后置定语，如果动作由主语发出，应用主动形式to do；句子中play的动作由every child发出。故填to play。
【28题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这出戏是基于自由抗争的一部戏，剧中讲述不同种族的男人，女人还有孩子联起手来把敌人从他们的国土上驱赶出去。分析句子成分可知，The play为先行词且指物，空格处应填定语从句关系词，分析从句以及句意可知，空格处应填in which引导定语从句，表示“在剧中”。介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which.故填in which。
【29题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：两个村子的父母都受邀来观看。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填谓语动词，结合全文时态可知，应用一般过去时，invite与主语All the parents的关系为被动，所以应填were invited。故填were invited。
【30题详解】
考查时态。句意：演出结束后，校长感谢了孩子们并向村民演讲。根据空格前“thanked the children and”可知，空格处应填谓语动词与thanked并列。故填addressed。
Section C ( 10%)
Directions: Complete thefollowing passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. likely B. common C. covers D. sense E. usual
F. remains G. drive H. close I. occurs J. mobile K. contact
Family Patterns in Modern Britain
There are many different family patterns in modern Britain. The family is a central institution of modern British society, at least in the ____31____ that almost everybody has had experience of living in a family at some time in their lives.
One pattern that was ____32____ in the 1950s and covers about one in eight families today is where the parents and married children live ____33____ together but in separate houses. The family bond ____34____ strong and mothers and daughters are ____35____ to meet each other most days to talk or help each other. This pattern ____36____ more often in settled communities rather than in ____37____ ones, in the north of England rather than in the south, and in working class rather than middle-class families.
Another pattern is where parents and married children live further apart (usually about an hour’s car ____38____ from each other). Many of them meet only once or twice a month but keep in ____39____ by telephone and help each other when necessary. This pattern is growing and _____40_____ about half of the population. It is found especially in middle-class families in the south-east of England.
【答案】31. D 32. B
33. H 34. F
35. A 36. I
37. J 38. G
39. K 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现在英国家庭的两种主要的居住模式。
【31题详解】
考查名词。句意：家庭是现代英国社会的核心制度，至少从某种意义上说，几乎每个人都有过生活在家庭中的经历。空前为定冠词the，故空处需要填一个名词；固定句型in the sense that意为“取自某一层意义”、“从某种意义下”，符合句意。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：句意：在20世纪50年代很常见并且现在覆盖了大约八分之一家庭的一种模式是，父母和已婚子女住在一起，但住在不同的房子里。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，空处需要填一个形容词，而根据空后“in the 1950s and covers about one in eight families today”可知，这种模式从上世纪五十年代流传至今依然占比很大；B项形容词“常见的”符合句意。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查副词。句意：在20世纪50年代很常见并且现在覆盖了大约八分之一家庭的一种模式是，父母和已婚子女住在一起，但住在不同的房子里。根据后文“Another pattern is where parents and married children live further apart(另一种模式是父母和已婚子女住得更远)”可知，前后两种模式进行对比，第二种模式住得远，那第一种模式就住得近了。故选H项。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：家庭纽带依然牢固，母亲和女儿有可能在大多数日子里见面，互相交谈或帮助。根据后文“mothers and daughters are ____5____ to meet each other most days to talk or help each other.”可知，这种模式下，母女会经常沟通、交流、相互帮助，所以家庭纽带一直是很牢固的。F项“依旧”、“依然保持”符合句意。故选F项。
【35题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：家庭纽带依然牢固，母亲和女儿有可能在大多数日子里见面，互相交谈或帮助。固定短语be likely to do意为“有可能做某事”符合句意和题干空前be动词和后文to的提示。故选A项。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：这种模式更多地出现在定居社区而不是流动社区，在英格兰北部而不是南部，在工人阶级而不是中产阶级家庭。后文“more often in settled communities rather than in ____7____ ones, in the north of England rather than in the south, and in working class rather than middle-class families.(更多地发生在定居社区，而不是流动社区，在英格兰北部而不是南部，在工人阶级而不是中产阶级家庭)”是在讲这种模式所存在的地点；对比文章最后一句“It is found especially in middle-class families in the south-east of England.(这在英格兰东南部的中产阶级家庭中尤为常见)”是在表示另一种模式的发生地点；由此可知，空处填的单词要与found“发现”意思相近；I项“发生”、“出现”符合文意。故选I项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种模式更多地出现在定居社区而不是流动社区，在英格兰北部而不是南部，在工人阶级而不是中产阶级家庭。前文rather than表示对比转折，settled意为“固定的”、“稳定的”，J项mobile“流动的”与settled意义相对，符合文意。故选J项。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：另一种模式是父母和已婚子女住得比较远（通常相距一个小时的车程）。G项drive可作名词，意为“驱车旅行”、“驾车路程”，an hour’s car drive意为“一小时车程”符合文意。故选G项。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他们中的许多人一个月只见面一两次，但通过电话保持联系，必要时互相帮助。固定短语keep in contact意为“保持联系”，符合句意。故选K项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们中的许多人一个月只见面一两次，但通过电话保持联系，必要时互相帮助。根据上文“One pattern that was common in the 1950s and covers about one in eight families today is where the parents and married children live close together but in separate houses.”中描述第一种模式覆盖了现在社会中八分之一的家庭，空处也需要填一个与covers相同或近义的词表示覆盖率。C项covers为原文复现，表“覆盖”，符合句意。故选C项。
Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension：
Section A (15%)
Directions: For each blank in thefollowing passage there arefour words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that bestfits the context.
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical (经验的，实证的) basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to____41____.
Researches show that aspects of the____42____environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan MeyersLevy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room’s ceiling (天花板)____43____how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more____44____, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings,____45____, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In addition to ceiling height, the view you can____46____in a building may influence an occupant’s ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who____47____ the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off____48____, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with____49____views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily_____50_____roads and parking lots (停车场).
Recent study on room_____51_____design suggests that dim (昏暗的) light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could_____52_____relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors_____53_____.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very_____54_____number of studies, so we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw (吸管),” architect David Allison says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make_____55_____, generalized use of them? That’s what we’re all struggling with.”
41. A. friendship B. production C. relaxation D. achievement
42. A. physical B. chemical C. historical D. psychological
43. A. balances B. translates C. graduates D. affects
44. A. mainly B. freely C. practically D. originally
45. A. on the other hand B. in addition C. what’s more D. as a result
46. A. reflect B. glance C. enjoy D. contact
47. A. experienced B. endured C. ensured D. abandoned
48. A. traditionally B. environmentally C. comparatively D. academically
49. A. imbalanced B. unblocked C. unrelated D. unpolluted
50. A. separated B. overlooked C. connected D. reminded
51. A. blowing B. sighing C. lighting D. listening
52. A. decrease B. weaken C. confuse D. increase
53. A. relax B. stress C. regret D. consider
54. A. limited B. flexible C. impolite D. subtle
55. A. absolute B. broad C. narrow D. healthy
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了房间的设计，如天花板的高度、室内外的景观以及灯光的选择等可以在很大程度上影响居住者，至于这种理论正确与否，还有待进一步验证。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们正在探索如何设计空间，以促进创造力，让人们保持专注，并带来放松。A. friendship友谊；B. production生产；C. relaxation放松；D. achievement成就。由上文的“spaces that promote creativity”可知，可以促进创造力的空间应该是让人觉得放松的空间，呼应下文第12空后出现的“relaxation”。故选C项。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，物理环境的各个方面都会影响创造力。A. physical客观存在的；现实的；B. chemical化学的；C. historical（有关）历史的；D. psychological心理的。由上文的“Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors.(建筑师长期以来一直认为，我们居住的地方会影响我们的思维、感受和行为)”和常识可知，思维包括了创造力，所以物理环境（如居住的地方）的各个方面都会影响创造力。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2007年，明尼苏达大学的Joan MeyersLevy报告说，房间天花板的高度会影响人们的思维方式。A. balances权衡；B. translates翻译；C. graduates毕业；D. affects影响。由上文的“Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors.(建筑师长期以来一直认为，我们居住的地方会影响我们的思维、感受和行为)”和“aspects of the____2____environment can influence creativity(物理环境的各个方面都会影响创造力)”可知，房间天花板的高度属于物理环境（如居住的地方）的因素之一，可得出房间天花板的高度会影响人们的思维方式。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的研究表明，更高的天花板鼓励人们更自由地思考，这可能会导致他们建立更抽象的联系。A. mainly主要地；B. freely自由地；C. practically几乎；D. originally原来。由下文的“which may lead them to make more abstract connections”可知，只有自由地去想象，才会建立更抽象的联系（即天马行空的想象）。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：另一方面，低天花板可能会激发出更详细的前景。A. on the other hand另一方面；B. in addition此外；C. what’s more此外；D. as a result结果。由上文的“Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more____4____, which may lead them to make more abstract connections.(她的研究表明，更高的天花板鼓励人们更自由地思考，这可能会导致他们建立更抽象的联系)”和本句可知，这是Joan MeyersLevy研究结果的两方面发现。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了天花板高度外，您在建筑中可以欣赏到的景色可能会影响居住者的注意力。A. reflect反映；B. glance瞥一眼；C. enjoy欣赏；D. contact联系。限制性定语从句“you can____6____in a building”修饰先行词the view，并结合下文“ kids who 9 the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.”可知，此处应该是指人在建筑中可以欣赏到的景色。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nancy Wells和她在康奈尔大学的同事在研究中发现，那些因为搬家而有机会体验更多绿植的孩子们在注意力标准化测试中得分最高。A. experienced体验、感受；B. endured忍受；C. ensured确保；D. abandoned抛弃。呼应上文“the view you can____6____in a building may influence an occupant’s ability to concentrate(您在建筑中可以欣赏到的景色可能会影响居住者的注意力)”讲室内外景观对居住者注意力的影响，可得出该测试的受试者要体验到与景观相关的事物，所以因为搬家有些孩子能体验到更多绿植。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：佐治亚大学学校设计与规划实验室负责人C. Kenneth Tanner领导的一项研究表明，利用自然来提高注意力的集中度应该在学术上有所回报，而且似乎也是如此。A. traditionally传统上；B. environmentally与环境有关地；C. comparatively相对地；D. academically在学术上。由上文的“Using nature to improve focus of attention”可知自然能提高注意力的集中度，下文的“students in classrooms with____9____views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily____10____roads and parking lots (停车场)(那些坐在教室里能望见窗外至少50英尺____9____景色的学生在单词、语言、艺术和数学考试上取得的成绩，要优于那些只能从教室窗户____10____马路和停车场的学生)”讲述在是否接触自然前提下进行测试的一组学生研究表明了：接触自然越多，成绩越好，可得出利用自然来提高注意力的集中度在学术成绩上有所回报。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tanner和他的团队发现，那些坐在教室里能一眼望见窗外至少50英尺景色的学生在单词、语言、艺术和数学考试上取得的成绩，要优于那些只能从教室窗户看到马路和停车场的学生。A. imbalanced失衡的；B. unblocked未阻塞的、畅通无阻的；C. unrelated不相关的；D. unpolluted未受污染的。由上文语境可知，本句就是否接触自然前提下对自然是否影响学生学业进行了测试，对比下文的“roads and parking lots (停车场)”学生只看见窗户外的马路和停车场，本空强调的是那些能够看到窗外至少50英尺一览无遗景色的学生，“一览无遗”暗指毫无阻碍、畅通无阻地观看。故选B项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tanner和他的团队发现，那些坐在教室里能一眼望见窗外至少50英尺景色的学生在单词、语言、艺术和数学考试上取得的成绩，要优于那些只能从教室窗户看到马路和停车场的学生。A. separated分开；B. overlooked眺望；C. connected连接；D. reminded提醒。呼应上文“outside the window”看向窗外，这组学生只看到了马路和停车场。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：最近关于室内照明设计的研究表明，昏暗的光线有助于人们放松。A. blowing吹；B. sighing叹气；C. lighting照明；D. listening倾听。由下文的“dim (昏暗的) light”和“the light”可知，此处指室内照明设计。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果这是普遍的事实，那么在晚餐或聚会时保持低光照度可以增加放松。A. decrease减少；B. weaken弱化；C. confuse使困惑；D. increase增加。呼应上文“dim (昏暗的) light helps people to loosen up(昏暗的光线有助于人们放松)”讲低光照度可以增加放松。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈佛医学院研究人员还发现，边缘圆润的家具可以帮助游客放松。A. relax放松；B. stress强调；C. regret后悔；D. consider考虑。呼应上文“They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to____1____. (他们正在探索如何设计空间，以促进创造力，让人们保持专注，并带来放松)”讲室内空间设计帮助人放松。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：建筑师David Allison说：“我们的研究数量非常有限，所以我们现在看待问题如同管中窥豹。”A. limited有限的；B. flexible灵活的；C. impolite无礼的；D. subtle不易察觉的。由上文的“So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings.(到目前为止，科学家主要关注公共建筑)”以及下文“so we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw (吸管)”可知，研究数量非常有限。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你怎么回答非常具体的问题，并把它们广泛的，普遍的运用呢？这就是我们努力的事情。A. absolute绝对的；B. broad广泛的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. healthy健康的。呼应下文“generalized use”普遍运用这个概念，表并列，指广泛运用。故选B项。
Section B (30%)
Directions：Read the followingfour passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there arefour choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one thatfits best according to the information given in the passage you havejust read.
(A)
When a child is told he is “uncool”, it can be very painful. He may say he doesn’t care, and even act in ways that are opposite of cool on purpose. But ultimately, these are simply ways to handle sadness by pretending it’s not there.
Helping a child feel better in school had to be careful. If you say, “Why are you worried about what other children think about you? It doesn’t matter!” children know that it does matter. Instead, an active way may be best. You could say, “I’m going to do a couple of things for you to help you feel better in school.”
If a boy is having trouble making friends the teacher can help him. The teacher can arrange things so that he has chances to use his abilities to contribute to class projects. This is how the other children learn how to value his good qualities and to like him. A teacher can also raise a child’s popularity in the group by showing that he values that child. It even helps to put him in a seat next to a very popular child, or let him be a partner with that child in activities, etc.
There are things that parents can do at home, too. Be friendly when your child brings others home to play. Encourage him to invite friends to meals and then serve the dishes they consider “super”. When you plan trips, picnics, movies, and other shows, invite another child with whom your child wants to be friends.
What you can do is to give him a chance to join a group that may be shutting him out. Then, if he has good qualities, he can start to build real friendship of his own.
56. A child who has been informed of being “uncool” may _____.
A. care nothing about it
B. develop a sense of anger
C. do something uncool purposely
D. pretend to get hurt very much
57. A teacher can help an unpopular child by _____.
A. seeing the child as the teacher’s favourite
B. asking the child to do something for partners
C. forcing other children to make friends with the child
D. offering the child chances to show his good qualities
58. How can parents help their child fit in better?
A. By cooking delicious food for him.
B. By being kind to his schoolmates.
C. By forcing him to invite friends home.
D. By taking him to have picnics in the park.
59. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Children don’t care about others’ comments on them.
B. It’s only a teacher’s work to make children popular.
C. Parents should take their children out for picnic and shows more often.
D. Inviting children’s friends to family activities is good for them to make friends.
【答案】56. C 57. D 58. B 59. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何帮助孩子交友。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“When a child is told he is ‘uncool’, it can be very painful. He may say he doesn’t care, and even act in ways that are opposite of cool on purpose.(当一个孩子被告知他“不酷”时，这可能是非常痛苦的。他可能会说他不在乎，甚至故意表现得很不酷)”可知。当一个孩子被告知他不酷的时候，他可能会故意做一些不酷的事情。故选C项。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“If a boy is having trouble making friends, the teacher can help him. The teacher can arrange things so that he has chances to use his abilities to contribute to class projects.(如果一个男孩在交朋友方面有困难，老师可以帮助他。老师可以安排事情，让他有机会发挥自己的能力，为班级项目做贡献)”可知，对于一个不受欢迎的孩子，老师可以安排一些事情让孩子有机会发挥自己的能力，展现他的优秀品质。故选D项。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“There are things that parents can do at home, too. Be friendly when your child brings others home to play. Encourage him to invite friends to meals and then serve the dishes they consider ‘super’. (父母也可以在家里做一些事情。当你的孩子带别人回家玩时，要友好。鼓励他邀请朋友来吃饭，然后做他们认为“超级”的菜)”可知，父母可以通过友好对待孩子的同学来帮助孩子更好地融入集体。故选B项。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“When you plan trips, picnics, movies, and other shows, invite another child with whom your child wants to be friends. (当你计划旅行、野餐、看电影或其他表演时，邀请另一个你的孩子想和他成为朋友的孩子)”可知，邀请孩子的朋友到家里对孩子交朋友有帮助，故D项正确。故选D项。
(B)
WE NEED
1. Your NAME, YEAR of birth, HOME ADDRESS /CITY /STATE / PHONE NUMBER, SCHOOL NAME (and English teacher) and EMAIL ADDRESS so we can email you if you are published. For photos, place the information on the back of each envelope: PLEASE DON’T FOLD.
2 This statement MUST BE WRITTEN on each work: “I promise the above work is completely original” and sign your name.
SEND IT ALL SUMMER!
By mail—Teen Ink. Box 30 Newton, MA 02461
On the web—Teen Ink.com/ Submissions
By email—Submissions @Teen Ink.com
THE FINE PRINT
a Type print carefully in ink. Keep a copy.
b. Writing may be edited; we reserve the right to publish it without your permission.
c. If due to personal nature of a piece you don’t want your name published, we will respect your request, but you MUST include your name, address for our records.
d. Include a self-addressed envelope, and we’ll send a coupon (优惠券) for any Pepsi product and an announcement to let you know we got your work.
e. If published, you will receive a copy of Teen Ink, and a wooden pen.
f. All works submitted (提交) will not be returned and all copyrights (版权) belong to Teen Ink
We keep the rights to publish all such works in any forms. All materials in Teen Ink are copyrighted to protect us and prevent others from republishing your work.
60. We can conclude from the passage that Teen Ink is a .
A. magazine B. publishing house
C. research centre D. advertising company
61. What can be learned from the passage?
A. They must ask for your permission before having your work published.
B. The copyrights will be shared by Teen Ink and Pepsi.
C. They only accept your written work.
D. The Pepsi Company sponsors (赞助) Teen Ink.
62. Choose a suitable title for this piece of advertisement.
A. JOIN TEEN INK B. SPONSOR (赞助) TEEN INK
C. SEND US YOUR WORK D. KEEP IN TOUCH WITH TEEN INK
【答案】60. A 61. D 62. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了一家文本出版公司要投稿者知道的注意事项和要求，目的在于鼓励更多的人参与投稿。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。由THE FINE PRINT中的“e. If published, you will receive a copy of Teen Ink, and a wooden pen. (e.如果出版，你将收到一本Teen Ink和一支木笔)”可得出，Teen Ink是一本杂志的名字。故选A项。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。由THE FINE PRINT中的“d. Include a self-addressed envelope, and we’ll send a coupon (优惠券) for any Pepsi product and an announcement to let you know we got your work. (d.包括一个自编地址的信封，我们将发送百事可乐产品的优惠券和通知，让您知道我们收到了您的作品)”可知，向Teen Ink发送作品就能得到百事可乐产品的优惠券，可得出百事公司赞助了Teen Ink。故选D项。
【62题详解】
主旨大意题。由文中的“SEND IT ALL SUMMER! (整个夏天都可以寄作品)”和其它内容可知，本文主要介绍了一家文本出版公司要投稿者知道的注意事项和要求，目的在于鼓励更多的人参与投稿，C项“把你的作品寄给我们”符合文意。故选C项。
(C)
Ever walked to the shops only to find, once there, you’ve completely forgotten what you went for? Or struggled to remember the name of an old friend? For years we’ve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of aging as wrinkles and gray hair. But now a new book suggests that we’ve got it all wrong.
According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the important things, our brains actually get better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s — much later than previously thought.
Furthermore, rather than losing many brain cells as we age, we keep them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years it’s been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest, largest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.
This continuing research has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive (认知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their 20s. Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed — how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as problem-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.
Neuroscientists are also finding that we are happier with aging. A recent US study found older people were much better at controlling and balancing their emotions. It is thought that when we’re younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the world, but as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life: therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.
63. Barbara Strauch probably agrees that ______.
A. the young are better at handling important things
B. wrinkles and gray hair are the only symbols of aging
C. aging leads to the decline of the function of the brain
D. people’s brains work best between their 40s and 60s
64. The continuing research has found older people perform better on ______.
A. vocabulary tests B. number ability
C. perceptual speed D. body balance
65. People are happier with aging because ______.
A. they know how to share feelings B. they learn to value the time left
C. they cannot focus on negative aspects D. they do not realize the possible dangers
66. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. People get happier with age. B. People get more forgetful with age.
C. People get wiser with age. D. People get more self-aware with age.
【答案】63. D 64. A 65. B 66. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述的内容是随着年龄的增长，确实会变得更聪明。同样发现，人也会越来越开心。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits its peak between our 40s and 60s她认为一些研究已经发现，我们的大脑在40岁到60岁之间达到顶峰，可知Barbara Strauch人们的大脑在40到60岁之间工作得最好，故选D项。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem solving. 持续的研究发现，老年人在词汇测试、语言记忆(你能记住多少单词)和解决问题方面表现得更好。故选A项。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段as we get older we’ve learned our lessons and are aware that we have less time left in life : therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy.随着年龄的增长我们学到教训，意识到我们还剩下更少的时间活着，因此,快乐对于我们来说更重要。由此可以推知，随着年龄的增长，人们会更快乐，因为他们学会珍惜剩下的时间，故选B项。
【66题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文和第五段的In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do get wiser with age.可知本文主要讲述的内容是随着年龄的增长，确实会变得更聪明，故选C项。
Section C (8%)
Directions: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable sentences to fill in the blanks and complete the passage. There are two extra sentences you do not need.
Mouth bacteria grow fast in airless conditions. Oxygen rich saliva (唾液) keeps their numbers down. When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur producing bacteria gains the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”.
Alcohol drinking, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise, anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath.____67____. Some people’s breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview.
____68____. This explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacteria have characteristically sweet breath.
For most of us, the simple, dry mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured. Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria.____69____. Those with constant dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria.
____70____. The liquid can mask bad breath smell with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they don’t necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus (粘液). If the mouthwash contains alcohol—as most do—it can worsen the problem by drying out the mouth.
A. Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash.
B. Saliva flow gradually slows with age.
C. So can stress, though it’s not understood the reason why.
D. Mouth wash is an effective to eliminate the bad breath.
E Breakfast often stops morning breath.
F. Not drinking water for too long can also cause bad breath.
【答案】67. C 68. B 69. E 70. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了口气（臭）的原因，虽有些治疗措施，但无法根治。
【67题详解】
C选项“压力也会使人口臭，尽管原因尚不清楚。”和上文“Alcohol drinking, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise, anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. (饮酒、交谈过多、运动时通过口腔呼吸，任何使口腔干燥的东西都会产生口臭)”一起讲明口臭产生的原因，引出下文“Some people’s breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview. (有些人每次参加面试时，口气都会发酸)”讲有些人面试有压力时口气发酸发臭。故选C项。
【68题详解】
结合第一段中“When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur producing bacteria gains the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”. (例如，当我们睡觉时，唾液流变慢，产硫细菌占据上风，产生经典的“早上口气”)”可知唾液流变慢，硫细菌增多易导致口气产生，B选项“唾液流随着年龄的增长而逐渐减慢。”是下文“This explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people. (这解释了为什么老年人比年轻人有更多的口臭问题)”老年人比年轻人有更多的口臭问题的原因。故选B项。
【69题详解】
结合第一段中“When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur producing bacteria gains the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”. (例如，当我们睡觉时，唾液流变慢，产硫细菌占据上风，产生经典的“早上口气”)”可知唾液流变慢，硫细菌增多易导致口气产生，由上文“Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. (吃或喝会引发唾液，并清除许多细菌)”和下文“Those with constant dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. (那些经常口干的人发现，把口香糖、硬糖或一瓶水或果汁放在身边会有帮助)”可知吃或喝引发唾液增多，可以清除许多细菌，缓解口干等各种口臭问题，E选项“早餐常常会阻止产生早上口气。”符合该段“通过吃喝”缓解口气的问题。故选E项。
【70题详解】
A选项“令人惊讶的是，漱口水很少起作用。”引出下文“The liquid can mask bad breath smell with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. (这种液体可以用自己的气味掩盖口臭，但效果不会超过一小时。)”和“The trouble is, they don’t necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus (粘液). (问题是，漱口水不一定能接触到所有冒犯的细菌。大多数细菌在厚厚的粘液层下都能很好地防止漱口)”讲漱口水效用不大，选项中的mouthwash指代下文的The liquid。故选A项。
第Ⅱ卷(共40分)
I. Translation: (15%)( 3+3+3+3+3 )
Directions: Translate thefollowing sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
71. 我每天复习英语要花一小时 。(It)(汉译英)
【答案】It takes me one hour to review English every day.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。结合时间状语“every day (每天)”，时态用一般现在时，固定句型it takes sb.+一段时间+to do sth. (某事花费某人多久时间去做)，动词review (复习)，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：It takes me one hour to review English every day.
72. 教师对学生的影响常常贯穿他们的一生 。(impact) (汉译英)
【答案】Teachers’ impact on students stays all through their lives.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词的数、固定短语、动词时态。结合句意可知，句子是在陈述一个客观事实，故用一般现在时态即可；句中“教师”和“学生”均为泛指，故需要用复数的形式；表示“对……有影响”为impact on sb.；表示“贯穿某人的一生”为固定短语stay all through one's life，根据句意，指的是“学生们的一生”，故短语中可数名词life需要变成复数形式lives。故翻译为Teachers’ impact on students stays all through their lives.
73. 外科医生能修复不能再正常工作的器官 。(no longer) (汉译英)
【答案】Surgeons can repair the organs that/which no longer work properly.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和时态。名词surgeon (外科医生)和organ (器官)不止一个，用其复数形式，主句“外科医生能修复器官”表达为“Surgeons can repair the organs”，“不能再正常工作的”用限制性定语从句表达，修饰先行词the organs (器官)，从句表达一种事实，时态用一般现在时，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词that/which，no longer (不再)，副词properly (适当地)作状语修饰谓语动词work (工作)，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Surgeons can repair the organs that/which no longer work properly.
74. 毫无疑问，我们应该尽力减少碳足迹。(doubt)（汉译英）
【答案】There is no doubt that we should do our best to reduce our carbon footprints.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语和固定句型。结合句意表示“毫无疑问……”可知句型为there is no doubt that…；从句中主语为we，表示“尽力做某事”短语为do one’s best to do sth.；表示“减少”应用动词reduce；表示“碳足迹”短语为carbon footprints。故翻译为There is no doubt that we should do our best to reduce our carbon footprints.
75. 很多中年人喜欢在家烧饭远胜于出门觅食。(prefer) （汉译英）
【答案】Many middle-aged people prefer cooking at home to eating outside.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。结合句意表示“中年人”短语为middle-aged people，由many修饰；表示“喜欢做某事远胜于做某事”短语为prefer doing sth. to doing sth.；表示“烧饭”应用动词cook，此处应用动名词形式作宾语；表示“在家”短语为at home；表示“出门觅食”可用短语eat outside。句子应用一般现在时。故翻译为Many middle-aged people prefer cooking at home to eating outside.
Ⅱ. Guided Writing (25%)
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 100-120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是王小明，你们学校在招募英语夏令营的成员，请你用英语写一份申请 。申请的开头和结尾已经给出。
内容应包括：
1.你参加这次活动的目的；
2.你的兴趣、爱好和特长。
提示词语：文化交流 cultural exchange; 夏令营 summer camp
Dear Sir/Madam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Wang Xiaoming
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to apply for a position in the summer camp. First of all, it will be a great chance for me to learn to be independent as we will be exposed to a new environment. What's more, through the cultural exchange program, I want more foreigners to know about our traditions and customs.
I have many hobbies, one of which is travelling. My other hobbies include language study, drawing, playing soccer, reading and listening to music. I played soccer last year for my city’s local team. I enjoy reading too, and my favorite books are Harry Potter series by J. K. Rowling.
As a senior school student, I sincerely hope that I can get involved in the activities to gain practical experience in addition to the knowledge we learn from books.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Wang Xiaoming
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是王小明，你们学校在招募英语夏令营的成员，请你用英语写一份申请，要求写清参加这次活动的目的，自己的兴趣、爱好和特长。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance →opportunity
此外：what’s more →besides →in addition
喜欢：enjoy →be fond of →be attracted to
参加：get involved in →take part in →participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I played soccer last year for my city’s local team.
拓展句：I played soccer last year for my city’s local team, in which I was appointed as captain.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, it will be a great chance for me to learn to be independent as we will be exposed to a new environment.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语和as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】I have many hobbies, one of which is travelling.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
听力：SectionA1-5.DCDBA 6-10.CBACD
SectionB11-13.CCC 14-17.BCAD 18-20.ABD
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