2023中考非谓语动词——动名词、分词专题冲刺讲义（含答案）

2023中考非谓语动词——动名词、分词专题冲刺讲义（含答案） 动名词（动词+ing） 考点一：动名词的基本用法 （一）作主语动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。 如：Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃太多对身体不好。  （二）作宾语 （1）常见的可以跟动名词作宾语的动词 如：你介意开窗户吗？ Would you mind opening the window?  （2）固定短语  （3）作介词(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等) 的宾语 Thanks for helping me with my English. Lucy is interested in learning some French.  （4）to作介词时，后接v.+-ing作宾语注意区别 ：prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.=prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事  （三）作宾语的补足语常接动名词作宾补的句型有： （1）see/hear/watch sb.doing sth. 看见/听见/观看某人正在做某事（2）keep sb.doing sth. 使某人一直做某事  【对点练习1】我进来听见有人弹钢琴。 I hear someone __________________when I came in. playing the piano  对不起让你久等了。 I am sorry to keep you__________________so long. waiting  【巧学妙记】 巧记少数后面只能用动名词作宾语的动词： 喜欢考虑不可免（enjoy, consider, escape, avoid) 承认放弃太冒险(admit, give up, risk) 介意想象莫推延(mind, imagine, delay, put off) 欣赏完成是期望(appreciate, finish, look forward to) 建议允许勤练习(suggest, allow, practise) 不禁原谅要坚持(can't help, excuse, insist on) 继续注意使成功(keep on, pay attention to, succeed in)  考点二：部分动词既可接动名词作宾语，又可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别较大。 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事（未做） forget doing sth. 忘了做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事（未做） stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事need doing sth. 需要做某事（被动含义） need to do sth. 需要去做某事（主动含义）try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try to do sth. 尽力做某事 hear/see sb. doing sth. 听见/看见某人正在做某事 hear/see sb. do sth. 听见/看见某人做了某事 【对点练习2】 No one enjoys_______at. A. laughing B. to laugh C. being laughed D. to be laughed C  Remember_______ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. be put back C  As she is looking forward to_______from me, please remember_______this letter on your way to school. A. hear；post B. hearing；to post C. be heard；posting D. hearing；to posting B 考点三：使用不定式和动名词要注意以下几点 （1）感官动词see，hear，watch后面既可以接省略to的不定式，也可以接动名词，但有区别：用省略to的不定式，表示动作经常发生或动作已经完成，指动作的全过程；用动名词表示动作正在进行。如： see sb.do sth. 看见某人经常做或做过某事 see sb.doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 （与hear和watch的用法一样） （2）有些动词可接动词不定式，也可接动名词，但意思不变。如：like, hate, begin, start等。  【对点练习3】 一．单项选择 I heard Lucy _________ English songs yesterday morning. A. singing B.sang C. sings D.sing A  61 —Where’s Mr. Hu, do you know? —Well, it’s hard to say. But I saw him_________ a football game just now. A. was watching B. watching C. had watched D. watched B  分词 一、分词的构成 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种： 现在分词由“动词+-ing”构成。 过去分词的基本形式是“动词+-ed”。  二、分词的用法 分词可做定语，状语，表语，补足语等。表语① The news is exciting .这个消息令人兴奋。②I ' m interested in the book .我对这本书感趣。现在分词表示主语的性质、特征；过去分词表示某种状态补足语① Don ' t keep me waiting for along time .别让我等很长时间。②I had my hair cut last night .昨天晚上我理发了。被修饰的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语（即主动关系）;过去分词作补足语，被修饰的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语（即被动关系） 【对点练习9】 Don’t throw away the waste paper. It needs________so that it can be reused. A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect D. collecting D  【非谓语小练】His father often warns him_______alone in the river. A.to swim not B.not to swim C.swimming D. not swim B  After the earthquake hit Japan, many international organizations offered_______. A. to helping B. to help C. helping D.help B May I have a rest? I have already finished _______the report. A.write B.writing C.towrite D. to writing B  Listen! Can you hear a baby________? A.cry B.to cry C.crying D.cried C  Paul made a nice cage________the little sick bird till it could fly. A.kept B.to keep C.keeping D.keep B  —Dad, why must I stop ______ computer games? —For your health, my boy. A. play B.to play C. to playing D. playing D  —Driving less, walking more is good for our health. —So I'd rather_______an hour's walk to work than consider_______a car. A. take, drive B. take, to drive C. take, driving D.taking, driving C I'm sleepy. I prefer_______at home to going out for a walk. A. sleeping B. to sleep C. slept D. sleep A