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高中外研版 (2019)Unit 6 Nature in words完整版ppt课件
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这是一份高中外研版 (2019)Unit 6 Nature in words完整版ppt课件，共41页。
Review：nn-finite frms as attributive，adverbial and cmplementLk at the sentences frm the reading passage and answer the questins.
a saw the grund s fantastically carpeted.b up t find yurself in anther quite different， can see the children flattening their nses against the windw， my nse against the cld windw t watch the falling snw...
1 What is the difference between the verbs in bld in sentences（a）and（c）?2 In sentence（b），des “t find” indicate purpse r result?3 In sentence（d），des “t watch” indicate purpse r result? What is the functin f “falling”?
Nw lk fr mre sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
1 What is the difference between the verbs in bld in sentences（a）and（c）?2 In sentence（b），des “t find” indicate purpse r result?3 In sentence（d），des “t watch” indicate purpse r result? What is the functin f “falling”?
“Carpeted”in sentence（a）is a past participle used as cmplement and “flattening” in sentence（c） is a present participle used as cmplement.
In sentence（b），“t find” indicates result.
In sentence（d），“t watch” indicates purpse；“falling” is an attributive used t describe the snw.
Mre sentences：· I fund all lking thrugh the windw...· the faintly flushed snw lining its branches...· artfully dispsed alng its trunk...· all the trees s many black and threatening shapes.· bdy f hrsemen might be seen breaking ut frm the black trees...
Cmplete the passage with the crrect frm f the verbs in brackets.
The Lake Pets were a small grup f pets 1 （live）in the Lake District f England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Lake District，2 （knw） fr its beauty，is in the nrth-west f England. The first f the pets 3 （cme）there was Rbert Suthey，ne f the mst 4 （respect）pets f his time. He was fllwed by William Wrdswrth，perhaps Britain’s mst 5 （celebrate）19th century pet，and then Samuel Cleridge，wh had written the 6 （pineer） wrk Lyrical Ballads with Wrdswrth. Sn，7 （draw）bth by its natural beauty and a desire t be near these famus pets，ther pets came 8 （live）in the Lake District. All f these pets were seen as part f the Rmantic Mvement.
t cme/cming
Lk at the picture and cmplete the travel jurnal entry with the wrdsin the bx. Use the structures yu have learnt in this unit where apprpriate.
find blw g see fall relax enjy run
Tday，whilst walking alng a peaceful river running thrugh a university campus，I was amazed t find... ___________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wrk in pairs. Talk abut a travel experience f yur wn that brught yu clser t nature，using the structures yu have learnt in this unit where apprpriate.
单元语法非谓语动词作定语、状语和补语1 非谓语动词作定语（1）动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语，通常置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，与被修饰的词构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾或同位关系。She is always the first t cme and the last t leave.（主谓关系）她总是第一个到，最后一个离开。D yu have anything t say fr yurself ?（动宾关系）你有什么话要为自己说吗？D yu have the ability t read and write in English?（同位关系）你有用英语读写的能力吗？
（2）分词作定语① 作定语的及物动词的分词形式为ding，being dne 和dne。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用ding；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作正在进行时，用being dne；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作已完成时，用dne。I have never seen a mre mving film.我从没看过更令人感动的电影了。The huses being built are fr the teachers.正在建的房子是给老师的。The brken glass is Tm’s.这个打破了的杯子是汤姆的。② 作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为ding和dne。ding表示正在进行；dne表示已经完成。biling water正沸腾的水biled water 开水（3）动名词作定语动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能。a walking stick = a stick fr walking手杖a sleeping car = a car fr sleeping卧铺车
单句语法填空（1）As we walked n，I said，“I dn’t have cash，but why dn’t we ask him if he wuld like smething __________（eat）?”（2）The railway ___________ （build） nw will cnnect the village t a large city.（3）Accrding t ne study ___________（publish）in a cancer research jurnal，drinking green tea reduces the risk f sme types f cancer by nearly sixty percent.（4）We had t walk n a path __________（make）by a line f bricks n the muddy grund.（5）Hwever，reading nvels is nt the nly way ___________（imprve） yur English.（6）His pem，Secnd Farewell t Cambridge，is nw a cmpulsry text n Chinese literature，_______________（learn）by millins f schl children acrss ur cunty every year.（7）That very same night，she heard a piece f __________（shck） news.（8）On Christmas Day，I shared the spirit f giving by presenting relatives in the village with __________（imprt） chclates wrapped in festive gld paper.
being built
learned/learnt
2 非谓语动词作状语（1）分词作状语分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语；一般在句中作时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随等状语。① 现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的动作，它们之间是主动关系。Hearing the news，they gt excited.听到这个消息，他们很兴奋。② 过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间是被动关系。Given the right kind f training，these teenage sccer players may ne day grw int internatinal stars. 如果给予一种正确的训练，这些青少年足球运动员有一天可能会成为国际明星。
（2）动词不定式作状语① 动词不定式作状语可以表示目的、结果、原因等。He pened the windw t let sme fresh air in. （表示目的）他打开窗户让一些新鲜空气进来。I hurried t the statin，nly t find the train had left. （表示结果）我匆忙赶到车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。She was surprised t see Gerge walk in. （表示原因）看到乔治走进来，她很惊讶。② 动词不定式作目的状语时，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用in rder t d，s as t d，t d 等，但s as t d 不能置于句首。In rder t pass the exam，he wrked hard.为了通过考试，他努力学习。③ 作目的状语的动词不定式动作必须是主语发出的。T learn English well，his father bught him a dictinary.（×）T learn English well，he bught a dictinary.（√）
单句语法填空（1）Nt __________（have） much experience n buses，I was made extremely angry by the bus driver wh pulled ver and waited every few streets.（2）Thugh they did all they culd __________（help） them but times were tugh fr them.（3）____________（encurage） by the prgress he has made，he wrks harder.（4）Generally __________（speak），bys like active sprts mre than girls d.（5）I g inside，excited t tell grandpa abut what I’ve dne，nly __________（find） he is sleeping.（6）He wiped his feet at the dr and clsed the dr behind him，__________（mean）that he was careful.（7）If I gt ne mre chance t be 15-year-ld，I wuld make full use f the schl time __________（enrich） my knwledge.（8）Parkur pays mre attentin t efficiency，__________（make） it different frm the similar practice f free running.
3 非谓语动词作补语（1）后接动词不定式作补语的动词及动词短语① 有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式作宾补，即“动词/ 动词短语+ 宾语+ t d”。常见的这类动词或动词短语有：advise 建议allw允许 ask要求beg 恳求 cause导致 encurage 鼓励permit 准许 frbid禁止 frce强迫intend 打算 invite邀请 rder命令persuade 说服 prefer 更喜欢require 要求teach 教 remind提醒 tell 告诉want 想要warn警告wish希望wait fr 等待 call n 号召 depend n 依靠She explained the rules t the students and required everyne t fllw them. 她向学生解释了规则，并要求每个人都遵循它们。He depends n yu t help him with his English.他指望你帮他学英语。
② 下列动词接省略t 的动词不定式作宾语补足语：一感（feel），二听（hear，listen t），三让（let，have，make），五看（see，ntice，bserve，watch，lk at），半帮助（help）。但在变为被动语态时需加t。Smene bserved the thief enter the bank. → The thief was bserved t enter the bank.（被动语态）有人看见小偷进了银行。③下列句型中常用动词不定式作主语补足语，它们是：sb./sth. Be said/believed/knwn/ reprted/cnsidered/thught + t d/t have dne/t be dne/t be ding/t have been dne sth.。He is said t have been cheated in the street.据说，他在大街上被骗了。The accident is reprted t have killed tw peple. 据报道，那次事故中有两人丧生。
（2）非谓语动词作感官动词（短语）、使役动词的宾补① 感官动词（短语）see，watch，bserve，lk at，ntice，hear，listen t，feel 的宾语补足语有四种形式，以see 为例：I saw him leave a few minutes ag.我看见他几分钟前离开了。As I gt clser，I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. 当我走近时，我看见他的腿在空中乱踢，并且呼吸沉重。I’d like t see the plan carried ut. 我想看到这个计划被执行。
② 使役动词make，let，have 后接复合宾语的情况：The teacher made sme students stay in the classrm after schl.老师让一些学生放学后待在教室里。He tried t make himself understd. 他尽量把自己的意思表达清楚了。
单句语法填空（1）The new teaching methds encurage children __________ （think） fr themselves.（2）He gave me full directins t enable me __________（find） his huse.（3）I dn’t think she intended me __________（hear） the remark.（4）The ld cuple ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dg __________ （fllw） them.（5）They had the light __________（burn） all night.（6）US bilgist Stacey Harmer and her clleagues had it __________（explain） in a recent paper published in the jurnal Science.（7）Late last mnth，Karen Martinez nticed a small by __________（wander） n the street alne withut any shes.
（8）After picking bks，brrwers are required __________（present） the infrmatin such as their library membership cards，cell phne numbers and s n.（9）Within days，I fund myself having cmplete cnversatins in English and even __________（use） idims crrectly.（10）Listen! D yu hear smene __________（call） fr help?（11）Alexander tried t get his wrk __________（recgnise） in the medical circles.（12）Rbert is said ______________ （study） abrad，but I dn’t knw what cuntry he studied in.（13）She didn’t knw French at all，s she culdn’t make herself __________（understand）.（14）The managers discussed the plan that they wuld like t see __________ （carry） ut the next year.（15）It was quite dark，but I culd see a man ________（lie） n the flr，tied up with rpe.
t have studied
Describing nature
Read the paragraph and answer the questins. Pay attentin t the wrds in bld.
1 What des this paragraph mainly describe? 2 What aspects des the authr describe?
This paragraph mainly describes the beautiful appearance in the mnth f August.
The authr describes the skies，fields，flwers，rchards，trees，wheat and the quality f the light.
Put the wrds in Activity 5 int the bxes. Find ut what they are used t describe.
clear，green，rich，glden
blming，bend，bw，piled，waving，sweeps，tinges，makes
thick clusters，graceful sheaves
fresh，sweet-smelling
fresh，bleak，gentle，sft，pleasant
Nw think f mre wrds in each categry and add them t the bxes. Then describe nature during yur favurite seasn with the wrds yu have learnt.
Open a dictinary，and yu’ll be surprised t find that there are many mre wrds abut nature than yu wuld think. There are varius ways t describe the things we see in the natural wrld，n matter whether it’s a flwer，an animal r the rain. Fr example，there are many ways t describe the different sunds f birds，such as chatter，chirp，cluck，ht and tweet. These wrds can help us t write vivid descriptins f nature. Did Yu Knw?
Listen t the cnversatin and answer the questins.
1 What bk was the man reading? 2 Why was the man annyed? 3 What was the girl’s pinin?
The man was reading a bk called Landmarks.
Smething Rbert Macfarlane wrte made him annyed.
Ging fr a walk utside can cheer peple up.
>听力文本 M=male speaker，Eric，grandfather；F=female speaker，Suzie，his granddaughterF：Mrning，Grandpa!M：[grumpily] Mrning，Suzie.F： Grandpa，is there smething wrng? Yu seem a bit upset .M： Yes，well... I’m srry，Suzie. It’s just that I’ve been reading this new bk called Landmarks by Rbert Macfarlane，and smething he wrte abut has made me rather annyed.F：What is it?M： He explained that many wrds describing nature were nw missing frm the new versin f the junir dictinary.F： I dn’t quite understand. Can yu give me sme examples?M： Well，wrds such as “pasture” and “bluebell”.
F： I dn’t knw thse wrds. What d they mean?M： The frmer means a field f grass fr cws and hrses t eat. “Bluebells” are blue flwers shaped like bells.F： I’ve never heard f them. Why wuld they take them ut f the dictinary?M： Well，accrding t Macfarlane，the main reasn fr ding this is that these wrds are n lnger relevant t children. Instead，they’ve replaced them with new terms like “blg”.F： I dn’t knw，maybe the dictinary has a pint. Mst children dn’t get ut int nature that much nwadays. They spend much f their time n cmputers，fr instance. I think the new terms they added are wrds we hear in ur everyday use.M： Ah! That may be true，but it’s a pity.F： In what way?
M： Tw reasns，I think. Firstly，children are lsing the jy f being yung，f being utside under the trees with grass under their feet. Secndly，these wrds frm part f ur histry. They add clur t ur lives，and shuldn’t be lst. F： I’m nt s sure，Grandpa. Yung peple might nt get ut int nature much，but we still experience jy. And as fr lsing wrds... well，yu dn’t remember all the wrds frm Shakespeare’s day，d yu? M：Er... well，n... F： Exactly! Times change. Cmputers play a large part in ur lives nw. Cnsider scial media. It is as nrmal t us nw as... what was that funny ld wrd yu said? Psture? M： Pasture，Suzie! F： Yes. Scial media is as nrmal t yung peple as pasture is t yu. M：[sighs] F： [laughs] I knw what wuld cheer yu up. Let’s g fr a walk utside. M： Aha! See? Yu can’t beat nature，Suzie，eh? [bth laugh]
Listen t the cnversatin again and crrect the mistakes in the man’s blg.
Nw wrk in pairs and act ut the cnversatin.
“annyed”instead f “cnfused”“ nw missing frm” instead f“being added t”“ field f grass”instead f“dense frest”“blue flwers” instead f“fruit”“blg”instead f“film”“ n cmputers” instead f“ watchingTV”“histry”instead f“literature”“ a different pinin frm” insteadf “the same pinin as”“ new wrds becme as nrmal tyung peple as the ld nes are t me” instead f “ld wrds becme as nrmal t yung peple as the new nes are t me”
____________
________________
_____________
_____________________________
_____________________________________________
Cmplete the bxes with the expressins frm the cnversatin.
· as... ·The main reasn... ·...，fr instance. ·Tw reasns，I think. ·Cnsider...
Giving examples Giving explanatins
，fr instance.
The main reasns，I
Wrk in pairs. Talk abut yur pinins f the issue discussed in Activity 8 using the expressins in this sectin.
Nw think abut yur perfrmance. Have yu actively participated in the discussin? What can yu d t imprve yur perfrmance?
Language pints
核心词汇教材原句p.66 the memry f snw，and ice，and bleak winds，has faded frm ur minds as cmpletely as they have disappeared frm the earth... ……当冰雪和寒风的记忆从我们的脑海中完全消失，就像它们已经从地球上消失一样……1 fade v. 逐渐消失；褪色fade away 逐渐消失；变弱fade in（画面）渐入；（声音）渐强fade ut（画面）淡出；（声音）渐弱As the years passed，the memries faded away. 岁月流逝，那些记忆都淡忘了。He slide a cntrl t fade ut the music. 他滑动控制器，让音乐声渐渐减弱。The sun had faded the curtains. 太阳把窗帘晒褪了色。
单句语法填空（1）The vices became luder and clser and then faded __________ again.（2）The utline f the land faded __________. Eventually，everything befre us was s clear.完成句子（3）The sund f the by’s sbs __________________________（逐渐消失在远处）.（4） Gerge，____________________（把音乐减弱）at the end f the scene.
faded away in the distance
fade ut the music
教材原句p.66 the wheat，piled in graceful sheaves，r waving in every gentle wind that sweeps abve it，tinges the landscape with a glden clur. ……一捆捆优雅地堆在一起的小麦，或是在微风中摇曳的小麦，给大地染上了金色的色彩。2 sweep v. 吹过，掠过；清扫，打扫sweep away 消灭；彻底消除；完全打消sweep ut 打扫干净sweep up 打扫，清扫Willw branches swept the river’s surface. 柳枝拂掠过河面。The twn was swept away in the earthquake. 城镇在那次地震中被毁灭了。Did yu sweep ut the clset? 你把壁橱收拾干净了吗？Jane is sweeping up the bits f paper and brken glass. 简在清扫纸屑和碎玻璃。
完成句子（1）On Sunday mrning after getting up，I helped my mther __________________（清扫） and wash clthes.（2）First，we clean ur huse and __________________（扫除）bad luck，and then we paintdrs and windws red.（3）The keeper tld him t __________________ （清理干净）the mnkey cage.单句语法填空（4）The wner f the shp _____________ （sweep）his flr when I walked in.
was sweeping
教材原句p.66 Nw think f mre wrds in each categry and add them t the bxes. 现在想想每个类别中更多的单词，并把它们添加到方框中。3 往……加入……，把……加到……上Please add sme milk t the cffee. 请往咖啡中加一些牛奶。D yu want t add yur name t the list? 你想把你的名字加到名单里吗？【归纳拓展】add t 增加，增添add up 把……加起来add up t 总共是，合计为 add that... 补充说……Firewrks added t the beauty f the festival night. 烟火使节日的夜晚更加美丽。Please add up the numbers and I’m sure they will add up t mre than100. 请把这些数字加起来，我确信总数会超过100。He added that he wuld nt bther us again. 他补充说，他不会再打扰我们了。
【图解助记】add 短语
单句语法填空（1）He added __________ all the bills and they added up __________＄1，000.（2）Wuld yu like t add sme sugar __________ yur cffee?（3）The natural scenery adds __________ the beauty f my hmetwn.完成句子（4）Please ___________（把……加起来）all the numbers t see hw much they _____________（总共是）.（5） It is t salty. Wuld yu please ____________________ （往……加些水）the sup?（6） The engine f the ship was ut f rder and the bad weather __________________ （增加）the helplessness f the crew at sea.
up t
add up add up t
add sme water t
教材原句p.67 Perhaps the dictinary des have a pint... 也许词典的确有道理……4 have a pint 有道理I think bth sides have a pint. 我认为双方观点都有道理。Yu have a pint—it wuld be better t wait till this evening.你说的有道理，还是等到今天晚上比较好。【归纳拓展】see/take/get ne’s pint 明白某人的观点cme t/get t the pint 谈到正题t the pint 简明恰当，简洁中肯 ff the pint 离题，不中肯be n the pint f ding sth.（when...）正要做某事（这时……）
完成句子（1）Well，____________________（你说的有道理）there，but wh’s respnsible fr the theft?（2）Mr Brwn，if yu dn’t mind，I’ll ________________________（谈正题）.（3）I like Mr Miner’s speech; it was clear and ____________________（简洁中肯）.
yu have a pint
get t/cme t the pint
重点句式教材原句p.67 The reasn why they are ding this is that they think these wrds are irrelevant t children... 他们这样做的原因是他们认为这些词与孩子无关……The reasn that... ……的原因是……（why 引导定语从句，that 引导表语从句）The reasn why I walked ut was that I was bred. 我走出去的原因是我感到很无聊。【学法点拨】We dn’t knw the reasn why/fr which she resigned. 我们不知道她辞职的原因。I wn’t accept the reasn that/which he explained fr his behaviur. 我不会接受他对他的行为所作的解释。
【归纳拓展】It/This/That is because + 原因. 这/ 那是因为……It/This/That is why + 结果. 这/ 那就是为什么……He was late. That’s because he was caught in the strm.他迟到了，那是因为他遇到暴风雨了。He was caught in the strm. That’s why he was late.他遇到暴风雨了，那就是他为什么迟到了。
单句语法填空（1）Part f the reasn Charles Dickens lved his wn nvel，David Cpperfield，was __________ it was rather clsely mdeled n his wn life.（2）The reasn __________ grass is green was a mystery t the little by.（3）The reasn ____________ she gave fr being late was __________ her car brke dwn n the way.（4）The reasn __________ he didn’t sign up fr the curse is __________ he had n interest in bdy building.（5）Frm space，the earth lks blue. This is __________ abut seventy-ne percent f its surface is cvered by water.（6）I’m afraid he’s mre f a talker than a der，which is __________ he never finishes anything.
that/which that
why that
Review：nn-finite frms as attributive，adverbial and cmplementLk at the sentences frm the reading passage and answer the questins.
a saw the grund s fantastically carpeted.b up t find yurself in anther quite different， can see the children flattening their nses against the windw， my nse against the cld windw t watch the falling snw...
1 What is the difference between the verbs in bld in sentences（a）and（c）?2 In sentence（b），des “t find” indicate purpse r result?3 In sentence（d），des “t watch” indicate purpse r result? What is the functin f “falling”?
Nw lk fr mre sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
1 What is the difference between the verbs in bld in sentences（a）and（c）?2 In sentence（b），des “t find” indicate purpse r result?3 In sentence（d），des “t watch” indicate purpse r result? What is the functin f “falling”?
“Carpeted”in sentence（a）is a past participle used as cmplement and “flattening” in sentence（c） is a present participle used as cmplement.
In sentence（b），“t find” indicates result.
In sentence（d），“t watch” indicates purpse；“falling” is an attributive used t describe the snw.
Mre sentences：· I fund all lking thrugh the windw...· the faintly flushed snw lining its branches...· artfully dispsed alng its trunk...· all the trees s many black and threatening shapes.· bdy f hrsemen might be seen breaking ut frm the black trees...
Cmplete the passage with the crrect frm f the verbs in brackets.
The Lake Pets were a small grup f pets 1 （live）in the Lake District f England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Lake District，2 （knw） fr its beauty，is in the nrth-west f England. The first f the pets 3 （cme）there was Rbert Suthey，ne f the mst 4 （respect）pets f his time. He was fllwed by William Wrdswrth，perhaps Britain’s mst 5 （celebrate）19th century pet，and then Samuel Cleridge，wh had written the 6 （pineer） wrk Lyrical Ballads with Wrdswrth. Sn，7 （draw）bth by its natural beauty and a desire t be near these famus pets，ther pets came 8 （live）in the Lake District. All f these pets were seen as part f the Rmantic Mvement.
t cme/cming
Lk at the picture and cmplete the travel jurnal entry with the wrdsin the bx. Use the structures yu have learnt in this unit where apprpriate.
find blw g see fall relax enjy run
Tday，whilst walking alng a peaceful river running thrugh a university campus，I was amazed t find... ___________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wrk in pairs. Talk abut a travel experience f yur wn that brught yu clser t nature，using the structures yu have learnt in this unit where apprpriate.
单元语法非谓语动词作定语、状语和补语1 非谓语动词作定语（1）动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语，通常置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，与被修饰的词构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾或同位关系。She is always the first t cme and the last t leave.（主谓关系）她总是第一个到，最后一个离开。D yu have anything t say fr yurself ?（动宾关系）你有什么话要为自己说吗？D yu have the ability t read and write in English?（同位关系）你有用英语读写的能力吗？
（2）分词作定语① 作定语的及物动词的分词形式为ding，being dne 和dne。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用ding；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作正在进行时，用being dne；当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示分词动作已完成时，用dne。I have never seen a mre mving film.我从没看过更令人感动的电影了。The huses being built are fr the teachers.正在建的房子是给老师的。The brken glass is Tm’s.这个打破了的杯子是汤姆的。② 作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为ding和dne。ding表示正在进行；dne表示已经完成。biling water正沸腾的水biled water 开水（3）动名词作定语动名词可置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途和性能。a walking stick = a stick fr walking手杖a sleeping car = a car fr sleeping卧铺车
单句语法填空（1）As we walked n，I said，“I dn’t have cash，but why dn’t we ask him if he wuld like smething __________（eat）?”（2）The railway ___________ （build） nw will cnnect the village t a large city.（3）Accrding t ne study ___________（publish）in a cancer research jurnal，drinking green tea reduces the risk f sme types f cancer by nearly sixty percent.（4）We had t walk n a path __________（make）by a line f bricks n the muddy grund.（5）Hwever，reading nvels is nt the nly way ___________（imprve） yur English.（6）His pem，Secnd Farewell t Cambridge，is nw a cmpulsry text n Chinese literature，_______________（learn）by millins f schl children acrss ur cunty every year.（7）That very same night，she heard a piece f __________（shck） news.（8）On Christmas Day，I shared the spirit f giving by presenting relatives in the village with __________（imprt） chclates wrapped in festive gld paper.
being built
learned/learnt
2 非谓语动词作状语（1）分词作状语分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语；一般在句中作时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随等状语。① 现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的动作，它们之间是主动关系。Hearing the news，they gt excited.听到这个消息，他们很兴奋。② 过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间是被动关系。Given the right kind f training，these teenage sccer players may ne day grw int internatinal stars. 如果给予一种正确的训练，这些青少年足球运动员有一天可能会成为国际明星。
（2）动词不定式作状语① 动词不定式作状语可以表示目的、结果、原因等。He pened the windw t let sme fresh air in. （表示目的）他打开窗户让一些新鲜空气进来。I hurried t the statin，nly t find the train had left. （表示结果）我匆忙赶到车站，结果发现火车已经开走了。She was surprised t see Gerge walk in. （表示原因）看到乔治走进来，她很惊讶。② 动词不定式作目的状语时，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用in rder t d，s as t d，t d 等，但s as t d 不能置于句首。In rder t pass the exam，he wrked hard.为了通过考试，他努力学习。③ 作目的状语的动词不定式动作必须是主语发出的。T learn English well，his father bught him a dictinary.（×）T learn English well，he bught a dictinary.（√）
单句语法填空（1）Nt __________（have） much experience n buses，I was made extremely angry by the bus driver wh pulled ver and waited every few streets.（2）Thugh they did all they culd __________（help） them but times were tugh fr them.（3）____________（encurage） by the prgress he has made，he wrks harder.（4）Generally __________（speak），bys like active sprts mre than girls d.（5）I g inside，excited t tell grandpa abut what I’ve dne，nly __________（find） he is sleeping.（6）He wiped his feet at the dr and clsed the dr behind him，__________（mean）that he was careful.（7）If I gt ne mre chance t be 15-year-ld，I wuld make full use f the schl time __________（enrich） my knwledge.（8）Parkur pays mre attentin t efficiency，__________（make） it different frm the similar practice f free running.
3 非谓语动词作补语（1）后接动词不定式作补语的动词及动词短语① 有些动词或动词短语后接动词不定式作宾补，即“动词/ 动词短语+ 宾语+ t d”。常见的这类动词或动词短语有：advise 建议allw允许 ask要求beg 恳求 cause导致 encurage 鼓励permit 准许 frbid禁止 frce强迫intend 打算 invite邀请 rder命令persuade 说服 prefer 更喜欢require 要求teach 教 remind提醒 tell 告诉want 想要warn警告wish希望wait fr 等待 call n 号召 depend n 依靠She explained the rules t the students and required everyne t fllw them. 她向学生解释了规则，并要求每个人都遵循它们。He depends n yu t help him with his English.他指望你帮他学英语。
② 下列动词接省略t 的动词不定式作宾语补足语：一感（feel），二听（hear，listen t），三让（let，have，make），五看（see，ntice，bserve，watch，lk at），半帮助（help）。但在变为被动语态时需加t。Smene bserved the thief enter the bank. → The thief was bserved t enter the bank.（被动语态）有人看见小偷进了银行。③下列句型中常用动词不定式作主语补足语，它们是：sb./sth. Be said/believed/knwn/ reprted/cnsidered/thught + t d/t have dne/t be dne/t be ding/t have been dne sth.。He is said t have been cheated in the street.据说，他在大街上被骗了。The accident is reprted t have killed tw peple. 据报道，那次事故中有两人丧生。
（2）非谓语动词作感官动词（短语）、使役动词的宾补① 感官动词（短语）see，watch，bserve，lk at，ntice，hear，listen t，feel 的宾语补足语有四种形式，以see 为例：I saw him leave a few minutes ag.我看见他几分钟前离开了。As I gt clser，I saw him kicking his legs in the air and breathing heavily. 当我走近时，我看见他的腿在空中乱踢，并且呼吸沉重。I’d like t see the plan carried ut. 我想看到这个计划被执行。
② 使役动词make，let，have 后接复合宾语的情况：The teacher made sme students stay in the classrm after schl.老师让一些学生放学后待在教室里。He tried t make himself understd. 他尽量把自己的意思表达清楚了。
单句语法填空（1）The new teaching methds encurage children __________ （think） fr themselves.（2）He gave me full directins t enable me __________（find） his huse.（3）I dn’t think she intended me __________（hear） the remark.（4）The ld cuple ften take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dg __________ （fllw） them.（5）They had the light __________（burn） all night.（6）US bilgist Stacey Harmer and her clleagues had it __________（explain） in a recent paper published in the jurnal Science.（7）Late last mnth，Karen Martinez nticed a small by __________（wander） n the street alne withut any shes.
（8）After picking bks，brrwers are required __________（present） the infrmatin such as their library membership cards，cell phne numbers and s n.（9）Within days，I fund myself having cmplete cnversatins in English and even __________（use） idims crrectly.（10）Listen! D yu hear smene __________（call） fr help?（11）Alexander tried t get his wrk __________（recgnise） in the medical circles.（12）Rbert is said ______________ （study） abrad，but I dn’t knw what cuntry he studied in.（13）She didn’t knw French at all，s she culdn’t make herself __________（understand）.（14）The managers discussed the plan that they wuld like t see __________ （carry） ut the next year.（15）It was quite dark，but I culd see a man ________（lie） n the flr，tied up with rpe.
t have studied
Describing nature
Read the paragraph and answer the questins. Pay attentin t the wrds in bld.
1 What des this paragraph mainly describe? 2 What aspects des the authr describe?
This paragraph mainly describes the beautiful appearance in the mnth f August.
The authr describes the skies，fields，flwers，rchards，trees，wheat and the quality f the light.
Put the wrds in Activity 5 int the bxes. Find ut what they are used t describe.
clear，green，rich，glden
blming，bend，bw，piled，waving，sweeps，tinges，makes
thick clusters，graceful sheaves
fresh，sweet-smelling
fresh，bleak，gentle，sft，pleasant
Nw think f mre wrds in each categry and add them t the bxes. Then describe nature during yur favurite seasn with the wrds yu have learnt.
Open a dictinary，and yu’ll be surprised t find that there are many mre wrds abut nature than yu wuld think. There are varius ways t describe the things we see in the natural wrld，n matter whether it’s a flwer，an animal r the rain. Fr example，there are many ways t describe the different sunds f birds，such as chatter，chirp，cluck，ht and tweet. These wrds can help us t write vivid descriptins f nature. Did Yu Knw?
Listen t the cnversatin and answer the questins.
1 What bk was the man reading? 2 Why was the man annyed? 3 What was the girl’s pinin?
The man was reading a bk called Landmarks.
Smething Rbert Macfarlane wrte made him annyed.
Ging fr a walk utside can cheer peple up.
>听力文本 M=male speaker，Eric，grandfather；F=female speaker，Suzie，his granddaughterF：Mrning，Grandpa!M：[grumpily] Mrning，Suzie.F： Grandpa，is there smething wrng? Yu seem a bit upset .M： Yes，well... I’m srry，Suzie. It’s just that I’ve been reading this new bk called Landmarks by Rbert Macfarlane，and smething he wrte abut has made me rather annyed.F：What is it?M： He explained that many wrds describing nature were nw missing frm the new versin f the junir dictinary.F： I dn’t quite understand. Can yu give me sme examples?M： Well，wrds such as “pasture” and “bluebell”.
F： I dn’t knw thse wrds. What d they mean?M： The frmer means a field f grass fr cws and hrses t eat. “Bluebells” are blue flwers shaped like bells.F： I’ve never heard f them. Why wuld they take them ut f the dictinary?M： Well，accrding t Macfarlane，the main reasn fr ding this is that these wrds are n lnger relevant t children. Instead，they’ve replaced them with new terms like “blg”.F： I dn’t knw，maybe the dictinary has a pint. Mst children dn’t get ut int nature that much nwadays. They spend much f their time n cmputers，fr instance. I think the new terms they added are wrds we hear in ur everyday use.M： Ah! That may be true，but it’s a pity.F： In what way?
M： Tw reasns，I think. Firstly，children are lsing the jy f being yung，f being utside under the trees with grass under their feet. Secndly，these wrds frm part f ur histry. They add clur t ur lives，and shuldn’t be lst. F： I’m nt s sure，Grandpa. Yung peple might nt get ut int nature much，but we still experience jy. And as fr lsing wrds... well，yu dn’t remember all the wrds frm Shakespeare’s day，d yu? M：Er... well，n... F： Exactly! Times change. Cmputers play a large part in ur lives nw. Cnsider scial media. It is as nrmal t us nw as... what was that funny ld wrd yu said? Psture? M： Pasture，Suzie! F： Yes. Scial media is as nrmal t yung peple as pasture is t yu. M：[sighs] F： [laughs] I knw what wuld cheer yu up. Let’s g fr a walk utside. M： Aha! See? Yu can’t beat nature，Suzie，eh? [bth laugh]
Listen t the cnversatin again and crrect the mistakes in the man’s blg.
Nw wrk in pairs and act ut the cnversatin.
“annyed”instead f “cnfused”“ nw missing frm” instead f“being added t”“ field f grass”instead f“dense frest”“blue flwers” instead f“fruit”“blg”instead f“film”“ n cmputers” instead f“ watchingTV”“histry”instead f“literature”“ a different pinin frm” insteadf “the same pinin as”“ new wrds becme as nrmal tyung peple as the ld nes are t me” instead f “ld wrds becme as nrmal t yung peple as the new nes are t me”
____________
________________
_____________
_____________________________
_____________________________________________
Cmplete the bxes with the expressins frm the cnversatin.
· as... ·The main reasn... ·...，fr instance. ·Tw reasns，I think. ·Cnsider...
Giving examples Giving explanatins
，fr instance.
The main reasns，I
Wrk in pairs. Talk abut yur pinins f the issue discussed in Activity 8 using the expressins in this sectin.
Nw think abut yur perfrmance. Have yu actively participated in the discussin? What can yu d t imprve yur perfrmance?
Language pints
核心词汇教材原句p.66 the memry f snw，and ice，and bleak winds，has faded frm ur minds as cmpletely as they have disappeared frm the earth... ……当冰雪和寒风的记忆从我们的脑海中完全消失，就像它们已经从地球上消失一样……1 fade v. 逐渐消失；褪色fade away 逐渐消失；变弱fade in（画面）渐入；（声音）渐强fade ut（画面）淡出；（声音）渐弱As the years passed，the memries faded away. 岁月流逝，那些记忆都淡忘了。He slide a cntrl t fade ut the music. 他滑动控制器，让音乐声渐渐减弱。The sun had faded the curtains. 太阳把窗帘晒褪了色。
单句语法填空（1）The vices became luder and clser and then faded __________ again.（2）The utline f the land faded __________. Eventually，everything befre us was s clear.完成句子（3）The sund f the by’s sbs __________________________（逐渐消失在远处）.（4） Gerge，____________________（把音乐减弱）at the end f the scene.
faded away in the distance
fade ut the music
教材原句p.66 the wheat，piled in graceful sheaves，r waving in every gentle wind that sweeps abve it，tinges the landscape with a glden clur. ……一捆捆优雅地堆在一起的小麦，或是在微风中摇曳的小麦，给大地染上了金色的色彩。2 sweep v. 吹过，掠过；清扫，打扫sweep away 消灭；彻底消除；完全打消sweep ut 打扫干净sweep up 打扫，清扫Willw branches swept the river’s surface. 柳枝拂掠过河面。The twn was swept away in the earthquake. 城镇在那次地震中被毁灭了。Did yu sweep ut the clset? 你把壁橱收拾干净了吗？Jane is sweeping up the bits f paper and brken glass. 简在清扫纸屑和碎玻璃。
完成句子（1）On Sunday mrning after getting up，I helped my mther __________________（清扫） and wash clthes.（2）First，we clean ur huse and __________________（扫除）bad luck，and then we paintdrs and windws red.（3）The keeper tld him t __________________ （清理干净）the mnkey cage.单句语法填空（4）The wner f the shp _____________ （sweep）his flr when I walked in.
was sweeping
教材原句p.66 Nw think f mre wrds in each categry and add them t the bxes. 现在想想每个类别中更多的单词，并把它们添加到方框中。3 往……加入……，把……加到……上Please add sme milk t the cffee. 请往咖啡中加一些牛奶。D yu want t add yur name t the list? 你想把你的名字加到名单里吗？【归纳拓展】add t 增加，增添add up 把……加起来add up t 总共是，合计为 add that... 补充说……Firewrks added t the beauty f the festival night. 烟火使节日的夜晚更加美丽。Please add up the numbers and I’m sure they will add up t mre than100. 请把这些数字加起来，我确信总数会超过100。He added that he wuld nt bther us again. 他补充说，他不会再打扰我们了。
【图解助记】add 短语
单句语法填空（1）He added __________ all the bills and they added up __________＄1，000.（2）Wuld yu like t add sme sugar __________ yur cffee?（3）The natural scenery adds __________ the beauty f my hmetwn.完成句子（4）Please ___________（把……加起来）all the numbers t see hw much they _____________（总共是）.（5） It is t salty. Wuld yu please ____________________ （往……加些水）the sup?（6） The engine f the ship was ut f rder and the bad weather __________________ （增加）the helplessness f the crew at sea.
up t
add up add up t
add sme water t
教材原句p.67 Perhaps the dictinary des have a pint... 也许词典的确有道理……4 have a pint 有道理I think bth sides have a pint. 我认为双方观点都有道理。Yu have a pint—it wuld be better t wait till this evening.你说的有道理，还是等到今天晚上比较好。【归纳拓展】see/take/get ne’s pint 明白某人的观点cme t/get t the pint 谈到正题t the pint 简明恰当，简洁中肯 ff the pint 离题，不中肯be n the pint f ding sth.（when...）正要做某事（这时……）
完成句子（1）Well，____________________（你说的有道理）there，but wh’s respnsible fr the theft?（2）Mr Brwn，if yu dn’t mind，I’ll ________________________（谈正题）.（3）I like Mr Miner’s speech; it was clear and ____________________（简洁中肯）.
yu have a pint
get t/cme t the pint
重点句式教材原句p.67 The reasn why they are ding this is that they think these wrds are irrelevant t children... 他们这样做的原因是他们认为这些词与孩子无关……The reasn that... ……的原因是……（why 引导定语从句，that 引导表语从句）The reasn why I walked ut was that I was bred. 我走出去的原因是我感到很无聊。【学法点拨】We dn’t knw the reasn why/fr which she resigned. 我们不知道她辞职的原因。I wn’t accept the reasn that/which he explained fr his behaviur. 我不会接受他对他的行为所作的解释。
【归纳拓展】It/This/That is because + 原因. 这/ 那是因为……It/This/That is why + 结果. 这/ 那就是为什么……He was late. That’s because he was caught in the strm.他迟到了，那是因为他遇到暴风雨了。He was caught in the strm. That’s why he was late.他遇到暴风雨了，那就是他为什么迟到了。
单句语法填空（1）Part f the reasn Charles Dickens lved his wn nvel，David Cpperfield，was __________ it was rather clsely mdeled n his wn life.（2）The reasn __________ grass is green was a mystery t the little by.（3）The reasn ____________ she gave fr being late was __________ her car brke dwn n the way.（4）The reasn __________ he didn’t sign up fr the curse is __________ he had n interest in bdy building.（5）Frm space，the earth lks blue. This is __________ abut seventy-ne percent f its surface is cvered by water.（6）I’m afraid he’s mre f a talker than a der，which is __________ he never finishes anything.
that/which that
why that
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