浙江省温州十校联合体2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期中联考试题（Word版附解析）

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2022学年第一学期温州十校联合体期中联考
高二年级英语学科试题
考生须知：
1. 本卷共8页满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。
3. 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。
选择题部分
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman recommend the man do?
A. Use similar words. B. Watch English films. C. Read a dictionary.
2. What season is it now?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Winter.
3. What does the man plan to do tonight?
A. Do the homework. B. Read newspaper. C. Look at shooting stars.
4. Where does the conversation most likely take place?
A. In a house. B. On a street. C. At a supermarket.
5. Where will the woman go next?
A. To Paris. B. To Berlin. C. To London.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. A company. B. A meeting. C. A manager.
7. What has the man forgotten to do?
A. Print the report out. B. Invite some managers. C. Attend an important meeting.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and employee. B. Husband and wife. C. Brother and sister.
9. Why does the woman want to leave her present job?
A. She doesn’t like it. B. She wants to travel abroad. C. She wants another job.
10. What’s the man’s attitude to the woman leaving her present job?
A. He hesitates. B. He disagrees. C. He understands.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the woman doing?
A. Chairing a meeting. B. Reporting on a study. C. Teaching a class.
12. How many people are absent today?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
13. How will the teams be judged?
A. On how well they work. B. On how much money made. C. On how creative they are.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where is the woman?
A. In a taxi. B. On a bus. C. On a plane.
15. When will the speakers’ flight leave?
A. In 15 minutes. B. In 20 minutes. C. In 30 minutes.
16. Who are the speakers going to visit?
A. Their former classmates. B. The man’s parents. C. The woman’s parents.
17. How is the man feeling?
A. Relaxed. B. Nervous. C. Excited.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the store mainly sell?
A. Glasses. B. Clothes. C. Electronics.
19. Who is the speaker probably?
A. A cashier. B. A sales manager. C. A store owner.
20. What does the speaker want the listeners to do?
A. Spread the good news. B. Write down their needs. C. Use their credit rewards.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Becoming a Nature Lover through Citizen Science
Citizen Science is an education series featuring workshops on a variety of topics in a relaxed and inspiring environment. There is no registration fee; instead, each instructor suggests items or services they will accept in exchange for class participation.
Our volunteer instructors prepare based on how many people sign up, so please only sign up if you will actually attend.
Date & Time
Friday, May 4; 8:30 am-10:30 am
Class description
Interested in studying nature, feeling more connected to your surroundings, helping the natural environment, but not sure where to start? Join us on a PowerPoint tour through the instructor’s favorite citizen science platforms that apply to our region. Just through being observant on a daily walk, you can submit meaningful data to scientists who will use your data to take meaningful conservation steps! We’ll show you how! It’s easy!
Suggested items in exchange for this class
*Baked snacks
*Homemade preserved foods
*Houseplants
*Nature art (draw me a picture?)
About the instructor
Kelsey Frey is the manager of education and outreach(外展服务) for York County Parks, part-time environmental educator for Lancaster County Parks, and runs her own business in her spare time. Kelsey’s passionate about many natural history topics, including butterflies, and landscaping with native plants.
1. Who are most likely to attend the class?
A. Data collectors. B. Cooking lovers.
C. Environmental protectors. D. Sports advocators.
2. What can be learnt from the text?
A. Kelsey Frey manages Lancaster Country Parks.
B. Citizen Science is a workshop with various topics.
C. Participants can take a PowerPoint tour to local regions.
D. Participants can exchange homemade cookies for the class.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. An environmental paper. B. An education course
C. A teaching plan. D. An academic article.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是Citizen Science这个教育课程。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Time部分的“Interested in studying nature, feeling more connected to your surroundings, helping the natural environment, but not sure where to start? Join us on a PowerPoint tour through the instructor’s favorite citizen science platforms that apply to our region.(对研究自然感兴趣，感觉与周围的环境更紧密相连，帮助自然环境，但不确定从哪里开始？加入我们的PowerPoint之旅，浏览讲师最喜欢的适用于我们地区的公民科学平台。)”可知，当地帮助自然环境人最有可能来上课。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Suggested items in exchange for this class部分中“Homemade preserved foods(自制的保存食物)”可知，参与者可以提供自制饼干作为课程交换。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是Citizen Science这个教育课程。故文章出自于一个教育课程。故选B。
B
When the phone rang, Rebecca Richards-Kortum thought it was a telemarketer. Instead, it was the MacArthur Foundation calling to tell her she’d just won a grant totaling $625,000. The MacArthur Fellowships, known as the “genius grants”, are often given out each year to 20 to 30 people who show “exceptional creativity.” Past winners have included painters, filmmakers, scientists, a violin-maker, human rights lawyers and others.
In announcing Rebecca as one of this year’s 23 fellows, the Foundation noted her commitment to “improving access to quality health care for all the world’s people”. Rebecca, who teaches bioengineering at Rice University in Houston, is not only developing novel solutions but also training and inspiring the next generation of engineers and scientists to address our shared global challenges. She has made a name for herself in the field not for her own inventions, but for the incredible creativity of her students.
Rebecca says she challenges students to design new medical devices and technologies that can actually be put into practice in low-resource settings. “In the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Malawi, there are 83 broken oxygen concentrators. If any one of them was working, it could be saving lives.” The original syringe pump(注射泵) could operate for only an hour or two on battery backup, but Malawi currently is facing major power outages(断供期). So Rebecca asked her students to re-engineer the device and they’ve come up with a new syringe pump that can run for 66 hours.
In addition to teaching and overseeing projects in remote parts of the developing world, Richards-Kortum is married with six children. She also runs marathons and is planning to run the Marine Corps Marathon in Washington, D. C. next month. Rebecca says she thinks about marathon running in relation to her work teaching bioengineering. Those final steps in building a new medical device or using a new technology in the field can be the most difficult. “We all have times when we need to hear ‘Come on! You can make it!’” she says. “As an educator, my job is to be that voice.”
4. Why could Rebecca win the MacArthur Fellowships?
A. Because she had just won a genius grant up to $625,000.
B. Because she inspired students to re-engineer medical devices.
C. Because she was devoted to making quality health care available.
D. Because she worked at Rice University as a bioengineering teacher.
5. What’s the purpose of mentioning the syringe pump in Paragraph 3?
A. To explain the big challenges she met while teaching.
B. To prove the exceptional creativity of Rebecca’s students.
C. To stress the importance of designing low-resource devices.
D. To show her achievement in stimulating students’ creativity.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Rebecca?
A. Responsible and committed. B. Patient and generous.
C. Energetic and cooperative. D. Critical and courageous.
7. What do the underlined words “that voice” refer to in the last paragraph?
A. The voice of cheers. B. The voice of encouragement.
C. The voice of praise. D. The voice of education.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了丽贝卡赢得麦克阿瑟奖学金的事件
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In announcing Rebecca as one of this year’s 23 fellows, the Foundation noted her commitment to “improving access to quality health care for all the world’s people”.(在宣布丽贝卡成为今年23位获奖者之一时，基金会指出她致力于“改善全世界人民获得高质量医疗保健的机会”。)”可知，丽贝卡赢得麦克阿瑟奖学金的原因是她致力于全世界人民获得高质量医疗保健。故选C
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Rebecca says she challenges students to design new medical devices and technologies that can actually be put into practice in low-resource settings. (丽贝卡说，她挑战学生们设计新的医疗设备和技术，这些设备和技术实际上可以在资源匮乏的环境下付诸实践。)”以及“So Rebecca asked her students to re-engineer the device and they’ve come up with a new syringe pump that can run for 66 hours.(所以丽贝卡让她的学生重新设计了这个设备，他们设计出了一个新的注射泵，可以运行66个小时。)”可知，她挑战学生们设计新的医疗设备和技术可以在资源匮乏的环境下付诸实践，由此激发学生们设计出了运行66个小时的新设备。由此本段提及该注射泵的目的是展示她在激发学生创造力方面的成就。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In announcing Rebecca as one of this year’s 23 fellows, the Foundation noted her commitment to 'improving access to quality health care for all the world’s people'.(在宣布丽贝卡成为今年23位获奖者之一时，基金会注意到她致力于“改善全世界人民获得高质量医疗保健的机会”。)”以及“Rebecca, who teaches bioengineering at Rice University in Houston, is not only developing novel solutions but also training and inspiring the next generation of engineers and scientists to address our shared global challenges. She has made a name for herself in the field not for her own inventions, but for the incredible creativity of her students.(丽贝卡在休斯顿的莱斯大学教授生物工程，她不仅在开发新的解决方案，而且培训和激励下一代工程师和科学家，以应对我们共同的全球挑战。她在这个领域成名不是因为她自己的发明，而是因为她的学生不可思议的创造力。)”可知，丽贝卡培训和激励下一代工程师和科学家，以应对我们共同的全球挑战，因此推断她是负责任的和忠于职守的。故选A。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Those final steps in building a new medical device or using a new technology in the field can be the most difficult. 'We all have times when we need to hear ‘Come on! You can make it!’' (建造一种新的医疗设备或在该领域使用一项新技术的最后步骤可能是最困难的。“我们都时常需要听到‘加油!你能做到的!’”)”可知，我们在最困难的时候需要听到鼓励的话，划线句句意：作为一名教育者，我的工作就是发出那个声音，因此推断划线词中voice指代鼓励的话。故选B。
C
Ten years after introducing “Google Glass”, Alphabet Inc. has created a new kind of smart eyeglasses. The company says the wearable computer device can translate different languages in real time.
A working model of the yet-unnamed device was presented to the public this week during the yearly Google I/O developer conference. Google did not say when the glasses might go on sale to the public.
The first Google Glass device included a wearable camera that could film what the wearers saw. That caused widespread privacy concerns. The camera element also gave Google Glass a kind of science-fiction look. The latest device looks more similar to traditional glasses.
A brief demonstration of the new eyeglasses described its translation ability, but did not provide additional details. The company also did not say whether the new device would be equipped with a camera. A demonstration explained that a person, wearing the glasses and talking with someone who speaks a different language, can see the spoken words in their own language. The description showed translations involving English, Mandarin, Spanish and American Sign Language.
The new device is one of several products shared at the conference that are currently in development. The company says the products aim to better connect Google services with activities happening in the real world. This includes company offerings for searching and viewing maps as well as other services using the latest developments in artificial intelligence.
Eddie Chung, a director of product management at Google, spoke to developers about the new eyeglasses. “What we’re working on is technology that enables us to break down language barriers, taking years of research in Google Translate and bringing that to glasses,” he said.
8. What can we learn about the smart eyeglasses?
A. They have a kind of science-fiction look. B. They can translate some languages into oral English.
C. They will be equipped with a camera. D. They can help certain people remove language barriers.
9. What’s the purpose of this text?
A. To share a wearable computer device on sale. B. To advertise the smart eyeglasses for sale.
C. To introduce a new product in development. D. To show the development of Google Glass Device.
10. Who are the smart eyeglasses most likely intended for?
A. Deaf men at international conferences. B. E-readers reading foreign original works.
C. Japanese talking with Frenchmen. D. Travellers searching and viewing maps abroad.
11. What’s Eddie Chung’s attitude towards the new eyeglasses?
A. Concerned. B. Doubtful. C. Disapproving. D. Positive.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了Alphabet Inc.公司研发的可实时翻译的智能眼镜。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ten years after introducing “Google Glass”, Alphabet Inc. has created a new kind of smart eyeglasses. The company says the wearable computer device can translate different languages in real time.(在推出“谷歌眼镜”十年后，Alphabet公司创造了一种新型智能眼镜。该公司表示，这种可穿戴电脑设备可以实时翻译不同的语言)”以及第四段中“A demonstration explained that a person, wearing the glasses and talking with someone who speaks a different language, can see the spoken words in their own language.(演示解释说，佩戴这款眼镜的人士在跟语言不同的人士交谈时，可以看到对方的话用自己的语言显示出来)”可知，穿戴这种眼镜可以实时翻译不同的语言。由此可知，它能够帮助一些人消除语言障碍。故选D。
9题详解】
推理判断题。第一段“Ten years after introducing ‘Google Glass’, Alphabet Inc. has created a new kind of smart eyeglasses. The company says the wearable computer device can translate different languages in real time.(在推出‘谷歌眼镜’十年之后，Alphabet Inc创造了一种新型智能眼镜。该公司表示，这种可穿戴计算机设备可以实时翻译不同的语言)”，第二段中“Google did not say when the glasses might go on sale to the public.(谷歌没有透露这款眼镜何时会向公众出售)”以及第五段中“The new device is one of several products shared at the conference that are currently in development.(这款新设备是大会上分享的几款正在开发中的产品之一)”可知本文的目的是向读者介绍一个正在开发中的新产品。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“A demonstration explained that a person, wearing the glasses and talking with someone who speaks a different language, can see the spoken words in their own language. The description showed translations involving English, Mandarin, Spanish and American Sign Language.(一个演示解释说，一个人戴着眼镜和说不同语言的人交谈，可以看到用自己的语言说的话。该描述展示了英语、普通话、西班牙语和美国手语的翻译)”和倒数第二段的“The new device is one of several products shared at the conference that are currently in development. (该新设备是目前正在开发的会议上共享的几种产品之一)”可知，该款眼镜展示了英语、普通话、西班牙语和美国手语的翻译，而且是用于会议的一种产品。所以其很可能是为参加国际会议的聋人设计的。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Eddie Chung说的话“What we’re working on is technology that enables us to break down language barriers, taking years of research in Google Translate and bringing that to glasses(我们正在研究的是能让我们打破语言障碍的技术，将谷歌翻译多年的研究应用于眼镜上)”可知，他认为智能眼镜是打破语言障碍的技术，故他对新型眼镜持积极的态度。故选D项。
D
Do you listen to music at the gym? Today, most gym-goers like to wear head-phones and listen to self-selected music while they’re doing exercise. Why do songs from personalized playlists seem to increase motivation and make intense exercise more enjoyable when someone is walking or jogging?
Based on practical experience, a recent study provides new evidence that listening to music while running on a treadmill(跑步机) fights with mental tiredness and improves performance. According to a news release, this study is “the first to investigate the effect of listening to music playlists on long-distance running capacity and performance when mentally tired.”These findings were published online ahead of print on June 22.
For this study, researchers from the University of Edinburgh had a group of experienced runners do a high-intensity 5-kilometre treadmill run with and without self-selected motivational music after they’d performed a series of cognitive (认知的) exams designed to put them in a mentally tired state. The researchers found that “listening to self-selected music in a mentally tired state reduces the negative impact of mental tiredness on their running capacity and performance, potentially due to changed perception of effort when listening to music.”
“Mental tiredness is a common occurrence for many of us and can negatively impact many of our day-to-day activities, including exercise. Finding safe and effective ways to reduce this negative impact is, therefore, useful,” Shaun Phillips of Edinburgh’s Moray House School said in the news release.
“The findings indicate that listening to personalized motivational music may be a useful strategy to help active people improve their endurance running capacity and performance when mentally tired,” he added. “This positive impact of self-selected music could help people to better keep the quality and beneficial impact of their exercise sessions.”
12. What’s the function of the questions in Paragraph 1?
A. To make a comparism. B. To lead in the topic.
C. To make a prediction. D. To ask for information.
13. What was taken into consideration in the experiment design?
A. Runners’ cognitive levels. B. Runners’ mental states.
C. Runners’ running ability. D. Runners’ music preference.
14. Why does the author quote Shaun Phillips in the last two paragraphs?
A. To describe the experimental process. B. To explore ways to enhance sports performance.
C. To further clarify the result of the finding. D. To explain the harmful effects of mental tiredness.
15. What is the main idea of the text?
A Personalized music makes runners less tired. B. Motivational music cheers runners up.
C. Self-selected music maintains life quality. D. Self-selected music treats mental illnesses.
【答案】12 B 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了在跑步时听具有个性化的音乐可以帮助人们对抗精神疲劳、提高表现。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Based on practical experience, a recent study provides new evidence that listening to music while running on a treadmill (跑步机) fights with mental tiredness and improves performance. (根据实际经验，最近的一项研究提供了新的证据，证明在跑步机上跑步时听音乐可以对抗精神疲劳，提高表现)”推知，第一段陈述的现象是为了引入本文所要讨论的话题——跑步时听音乐可以对抗精神疲劳提高表现。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“For this study, researchers from the University of Edinburgh had a group of experienced runners do a high-intensity 5-kilometre treadmill run with and without self-selected motivational music after they’d performed a series of cognitive (认知的) exams designed to put them in a mentally tired state. (在这项研究中，来自爱丁堡大学的研究人员让一组有经验的跑步者在他们完成了一系列旨在让他们处于精神疲劳状态的认知测试后，在有无自选音乐的条件下在跑步机上进行一次高强度的跑步)”可知，实验是在跑步者精神状态疲惫的情况下进行的。由此可知，设计实验时考虑了跑步者的精神状态。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“The researchers found that “listening to self-selected music in a mentally tired state reduces the negative impact of mental tiredness on their running capacity and performance, potentially due to changed perception of effort when listening to music.”(研究人员发现，‘在精神疲劳的状态下听自己选择的音乐，可以减少精神疲劳对跑步能力和表现的负面影响，这可能是由于听音乐时对努力的感知发生了变化。’)”推知，最后两段引用Shaun Phillips的话是为了进一步证明研究结果。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其最后一段的““The findings indicate that listening to personalized motivational music may be a useful strategy to help active people improve their endurance running capacity and performance when mentally tired,” he added. “This positive impact of self-selected music could help people to better keep the quality and beneficial impact of their exercise sessions.”(他补充道：“研究结果表明，听个性化的励志音乐可能是一种有用的策略，可以帮助活跃的人在精神疲惫时提高耐力、跑步能力和表现。”。“这种自选音乐的积极影响可以帮助人们更好地保持锻炼的质量和有益影响。”)”可知，本文主要介绍了在跑步时听具有个性化的音乐可以帮助人们对抗精神疲劳、提高表现，即个性化音乐让跑步者不那么疲惫。故选A。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Climate change has increased average temperatures by 1℃ over the past century, making heat waves more frequent and intense than those from any other point in recorded history. ____16____ A study published in the journal Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018.
The following is what happens if you’re the next to be killed. First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands telling them to increase sweat production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is directed away from important organs(器官) like your liver, kidneys and gut. ____17____
If heat stroke occurs, your body might get hot and direct so much oxygen-rich blood to the skin that it suffocates(把…闷死) vital internal organs. If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb from a normal level to about 104 degrees. ____18____ You may feel it start as a dull headache. Before long, you might lose consciousness. Your brain might begin to swell.
While you struggle to stay awake and avoid dizzying confusion, the excessive internal heat is damaging your gut, consequently causing an inflammatory(发炎的) response. ____19____
That’s just part of what we know about how extreme heat kills you. ____20____ A lot of what we know comes from studies on animal models, like mice and rats, or from examinations of people dying of heat stroke.
A. As the heat rises quickly, so does the death number.
B. That’s because we can’t study it in humans in the laboratory.
C. As temperatures tick ever higher, that figure may well rise.
D. At that temperature, your brain becomes affected.
E. Surviving the organ failure might require an emergency transplant.
F. Sometimes that alone is enough to create problems for a weak or aging heart.
G. Left untreated, what follows is a flood of organ failure that leads to your death.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了极端高温导致人类生病或死亡的原因。
【16题详解】
根据空后的“A study published in the journal Nature Climate Change found global warming responsible for 37 percent of heat-related deaths between 1991 and 2018.(发表在《自然气候变化》杂志上的一项研究发现，1991年至2018年期间，37%的热相关死亡是由全球变暖造成的。)”可是，前文应该强调的是热浪造成死亡即二者之间的正关系。A选项“As the heat rises quickly, so does the death number.(随着气温迅速上升死亡人数也随之上升)”符合语境，引起下文。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据前文的“Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is directed away from important organs(器官) like your liver, kidneys and gut. (然后你的心跳开始加快，将血液泵入皮肤，而血液则从肝脏、肾脏和肠道等重要器官流向别处。)”可知，此处从热浪对身体各个器官产生影响的机理入手，对热浪造成死亡的原因进行分析，由此后文应该阐述的该消极影响所产生的后果。F选项“Sometimes that alone is enough to create problems for a weak or aging heart.(有时，这本身就足以给虚弱或衰老的心脏带来问题。)”中的that指代的是前文中“First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands telling them to increase sweat production. (首先，你的大脑向汗腺发送一系列信息，告诉它们增加汗液的分泌。)”或“Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is directed away from important organs(器官) like your liver, kidneys and gut.(然后你的心跳开始加快，将血液泵入皮肤，而血液则从肝脏、肾脏和肠道等重要器官流向别处。)”的任何一种情况，符合句意。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据前文的“If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb from a normal level to about 104 degrees.(如果你的身体不能给你降温，它的内部温度可能会从正常水平攀升到104华氏度左右。)”可知，后文强调身体内部温度可能会从正常水平攀升到104华氏度左右的结果。D选项“At that temperature, your brain becomes affected.(在那种温度下，你的大脑会受到影响。)”中的that temperature与前文呼应。故选D
【19题详解】
根据前文“While you struggle to stay awake and avoid dizzying confusion, the excessive internal heat is damaging your gut, consequently causing an inflammatory(发炎的) response.(当你努力保持清醒，避免眼花缭乱的混乱时，过多的内热正在损害你的肠道，从而导致炎症反应。)”可知，后文应该承接的是应该及时治疗由内热正在损害你的肠道，从而导致炎症，否则会造成死亡。G选项“Left untreated, what follows is a flood of organ failure that leads to your death.(如果不及时治疗，随之而来的是大量器官衰竭，最终导致死亡。)”符合语境。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文的“A lot of what we know comes from studies on animal models, like mice and rats, or from examinations of people dying of heat stroke.(我们知道的很多信息都来自于对动物模型的研究，比如小鼠和大鼠，或者来自对中暑死亡者的检查。)”可知，关于极端高温造成人类死亡的原因我们仅仅其中一部分的原因，是因为我们所获得的很多信息都来自于对动物模型的研究，因为我们不能对人类机体本身进行研究。故B选项“That’s because we can’t study it in humans in the laboratory.(这是因为我们无法在实验室中对人类进行研究。)”承上启下。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every high school student dreams of going to college and experiencing a new period of life, but leaving high school and entering a college is a big adjustment for many students. If you are ____21____ of some of these differences, you will be better ____22____ for the changes in attitudes and behaviors necessary for success. Some of the ____23____ between high school and university are as follows:
First of all, the biggest one is the daily life. In high school, students are treated as children ____24____ they do not have to think what to do next every day, because parents and teachers ____25____ everything well for them. However, for college students, everything is left up to them to ____26____, requiring self-discipline, organization and time management. Another difference is about their ____27____. For high school students, they seem to be ____28____ and have to do whatever their teachers told them. They are ____29____ a machine which is operated by the exams roughly. On the contrary, college students are ____30____ for making their own class schedules and following them loosely. ____31____ will monitor their behaviors and study completely counts on themselves. The third distinction is about their dreams. Most of the high school students have the same dream-to ____32____ a famous university, but for college students, they have to take many factors into account and their dreams are ____33____.
From the above, we can see there are differences between high school and college, so in the ____34____ from high school to college, the teens should try their best to ____35____ themselves. Keep up!
21. A. fond B. aware C. careful D. flexible
22. A. eager B. willing C. intended D. prepared
23. A. features B. divisions C. distinctions D. emphases
24. A. but B. as C. yet D. and
25. A. arrange B. indicate C. monitor D. predict
26. A. deal with B. carry on C. take up D. bring about
27. A. exams B. behavior C. study D. habits
28. A. forced B. sheltered C. required D. controlled
29. A. more than B. just like C. less than D. other than
30. A. reliable B. desperate C. responsible D. available
31. A. Nobody B. Everybody C. Somebody D. Anybody
32. A. join B. attend C. search D. admit
33. A. splendid B. visible C. various D. realistic
34. A. dreams B. focus C. choices D. switch
35. A. adapt B. behave C. perform D. follow
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了高中生活和大学生活的不同之处，如果你意识到其中的一些差异，你就会为成功所必需的态度和行为的改变做好更好的准备。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你意识到其中的一些差异，你就会为成功所必需的态度和行为的改变做好更好的准备。A. fond喜欢的；B. aware知道的，有意识的；C. careful小心的；D. flexible灵活的。根据后文“you will be better ____2____for the changes in attitudes and behaviors necessary for success.”可知，如果你意识到其中的一些差异，你就会为成功所必需的态度和行为的改变做好更好的准备。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. eager渴望的；B. willing愿意的；C. intended预期的，打算的；D. prepared准备好的。根据后文“for the changes in attitudes and behaviors necessary for success”可知，如果你意识到其中的一些差异，你就会为成功所必需的态度和行为的改变做好更好的准备。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：高中和大学之间的区别如下。A. features特征；B. divisions分类；C. distinctions差别；D. emphases重点。根据下文的“First of all, the biggest one is the daily life.”可知，此处强调的是高中和大学之间的区别。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在高中，学生被当作孩子对待，他们不必每天思考下一步要做什么，因为父母和老师为他们安排好了一切。A. but但是；B. as因为；C. yet然而；D. and并且。前后两句构成并列关系，故使用and。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. arrange安排；B. indicate表明；C. monitor监视，监管；D. predict预测。根据前文“students are treated as children”可知，学生被当作孩子对待，他们不必每天思考下一步要做什么，因为父母和老师为他们安排好了一切。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，对于大学生来说，所有的事情都留给他们去处理，这需要自律、组织和时间管理。另一个不同之处在于他们的学习。A. deal with处理；B. carry on继续，参与；C. take up占据；D. bring about导致。此处强调大学生跟高中生形成对比，根据前文“students are treated as children”可知，所有的事情都需要大学生自己去处理。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. exams考试；B. behavior行为；C. study研究，学习；D. habits习惯。根据下文“For high school students, they seem to be ____8____ and have to do whatever their teachers told them.”可知，此处强调的是大学和高中第二个不同的地方是学习。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于高中生来说，他们似乎是被控制的，必须做他们的老师告诉他们的任何事情。A. forced迫使；B. sheltered庇护；C. required要求；D. controlled控制。根据后文“have to do whatever their teachers told them.”可知，高中生他们似乎是被控制的，必须做他们的老师告诉他们的任何事情。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们就像一台机器，仅仅地由考试所操作。A. more than多于，不仅仅；B. just like就像；C. less than少于；D. other than除了。根据前文“For high school students, they seem to be ____8____ and have to do whatever their teachers told them.”可知，高中生似乎是被控制的，必须做他们的老师告诉他们的任何事情，他们就像一台机器，仅仅地由考试所操作。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，大学生负责制定自己的课程表，并松散地遵守。A. reliable可靠的；B. desperate拼命的，绝望的；C. responsible负责任的；D. available可用的。此处与前文高中生的学习状况形成对比，大学生是需要自己来负责制定自己的课程表。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：没有人会监督他们的行为，学习完全依靠自己。A. Nobody没有人；B. Everybody每个人；C. Somebody某人；D.Anybody任何人。根据前文“college students are ____10____ for making their own class schedules”可知，没有人监督大学生的行为。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数高中生都有同样的梦想——上一所著名的大学，但对于大学生来说，他们必须考虑很多因素，他们的梦想是各种各样的。A. join参加；B. attend出席，上学；C. search寻找；D. admit承认。根据后文“a famous university”可知，高中生都有同样的梦想——上一所著名的大学。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. splendid极好的；B. visible可视的；C. various各种各样的；D. realistic务实的。根据前文的“the same dream”以及“but”可知，大学生的梦想是各种各样的故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从上面，我们可以看到高中和大学之间是有区别的，所以在从高中到大学的转换中，青少年应该尽他们最大的努力去适应自己。A. dreams梦想；B. focus焦点；C. choices选择；D. switch转变。根据后文的“from high school to college”可知，此处强调的是从高中到大学的转换。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. adapt适应，调整，改编；B. behave表现；C. perform表演；D. follow跟随。根据前文“in the ____14____ from high school to college”可知，在从高中到大学的转换过程中，青少年一定要努力适应。故选A。
非选择题部分
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mars is ____36____(true) a fascinating planet for those of us here on Earth. As our nearest planetary neighbour, it is one of the few planets that we can see with our naked eye. Mars is the ____37____(four) planet from the Sun and the second smallest planet in the solar system, about half of ____38____ size of Earth. Often it ____39____(refer) to as the “Red Planet” because of its red surface. The Red Planet has the largest volcano in the solar system-Olympus Mons, ____40____ is roughly 27 kilometres high.
Many scientists believe that studying Mars can help us find answers ____41____ some key questions about our planet Earth, or even the universe. Since 1960, a large number of countries ____42____(attempt) Mars missions. Although they have lost many spacecraft in their quest to explore the Red Planet, they will still continue their ____43____(explore). Chinese experts are confident about their plan to explore Mars, despite so many challenges. “____44____(launch) the first Mars probe from Wenchang around 2020 is our first step. China will continue exploring strange new worlds ____45____(find) out the secrets of the universe.”
【答案】36. truly
37. fourth 38. the
39. is referred
40. which 41. to

42. have attempted
43. explorations
44. Launching
45. to find
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了火星以及对火星的探测情况。
36题详解】
考查副词。句意：火星对我们地球上的人来说确实是一个迷人的星球。分析句子，设空处应该使用副词作状语。true为形容词，其副词为“truly”，意为“确实地”。故填truly。
【37题详解】
考查序数词。句意：火星是距离太阳第四远的行星，也是太阳系中第二小的行星，大约是地球的一半大。此处表示“第四远行星”，设空处应该使用four的序数词。故填fourth。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。size为名词，名词前面使用冠词。the size of为固定短语，意为“……的尺寸”，故填the。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：它通常被称为“红色星球”，因为它的红色表面。分析句子，设空处应该使用动词作谓语。同时句子表述的是客观事实，故使用一般现在时。it与refer之间是被动关系，be referred to as意为“被称为”。故使用一般现在是被动语态。故填is referred。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这颗红色星球拥有太阳系中最大的火山——奥林匹斯山，大约27公里高。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的the largest volcano，为物。故填which。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：许多科学家认为，研究火星可以帮助我们找到关于地球甚至宇宙的一些关键问题的答案。the answer to sth为固定短语，意为“……的答案”。故填to。
【42题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意：自1960年以来，许多国家都尝试过火星任务。句中since 1960为现在完成时时间标志。句中的主语a large number of countries为复数，意为“许多国家”。故填have attempted。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管他们在探索这颗红色星球的过程中损失了许多宇宙飞船，但他们仍将继续他们的探索。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作宾语。explore为动词，意为“探索”，其名词为exploration，此处表示复数意义。故填explorations。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2020年左右在文昌发射首个火星探测器是我们迈出的第一步。分析句子，设空处应该使用动名词作主语。launch为动词，意为“发射”，其动名词为launching。同时，该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Launching。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国将继续探索陌生的新世界，探索宇宙的秘密。分析句子，句中will continue为谓语，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。此处表示目的作状语，故使用不定式结构。故填to find。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你的英国朋友John对你近日朋友圈(Moment)的一组公园游玩照片很感兴趣，留言询问相关信息。请你回复，内容包括：
1. 游玩经过；2.你的感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Hi, John,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Hi, John,
I’m glad to tell you something about the pictures on my WeChat Moments.
The other day, I visited Chimelong Ocean Park, an incredible ocean-themed park in Zhuhai. My first stop was a fantasy aquarium where I saw a wide range of adorable fishes, followed by various interesting animal shows. They were a true feast for the eyes! Afterwards, I experienced some exciting rides: a water fight against pirates, water rides and thrilling roller coasters.
The trip to me is more than fun. I think it’s worth a visit, and you can experience yourself.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友John写信介绍自己去公园游玩的经历，同时告知对方自己的感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
难以置信的：incredible→ unbelievable
可爱的：adorable → cute
令人激动的：exciting→ thrilling
参观：visit→ pay a visit to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The other day, I visited Chimelong Ocean Park, an incredible ocean-themed park in Zhuhai.
拓展句：The other day, I visited Chimelong Ocean Park, which is an incredible ocean-themed park in Zhuhai.
【点睛】【高分句型1】My first stop was a fantasy aquarium where I saw a wide range of adorable fishes, followed by various interesting animal shows. （运用了where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】I think it’s worth a visit, and you can experience yourself.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Act of Memory
I was a young girl of eleven then, living in Brooklyn. My father had died unexpectedly that summer. Times was suddenly very hard for my mother, my brother, and me.
Papa had always made a big deal out of Christmas. Every Christmas, when we were about to decorate the tree, he would make a little ceremony out of taking a special little Kewpie-doll out of its box, holding it up in front of me, saying, “Maria, this doll is as old as you are.” Then he would hang it on the Christmas tree. Papa bought that little doll when I was born, and it had become a small tradition. But this Christmas we were to have no tree. My mother was a practical woman, saying it was a luxury. I thought, with quiet but strong bitterness and anger, that it had never meant as much to her as it had to Papa anyway.
We had been to church that evening and were walking back home in silence. All I could see were the tree-lit windows we passed. Their cheerful glow made my bitterness even more intense because I pictured happy families in those houses, sharing laughter, exchanging presents, talking, joking. I knew while arriving home, we would be greeted by darkened windows and endless emptiness.
As we passed my friend’s house, I asked my mother to please let me drop in for a while. She nodded. I waited until my mother and brother disappeared around the corner. Then I turned and headed for my friend’s house. Suddenly, a pile of abandoned Christmas trees from the store next to her house came into my sight. Surprised and excited, I dashed to the trees, picked out the best one and began half-dragging my treasure home. It seemed as if Papa was mixed up in this somehow. It seemed as if he was in the stars above me, in every lighted-house, in the very tree I was carrying.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When I got home, I rang the doorbell and couldn’t wait to show them the tree.
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Before going to bed, I slipped to see my tree one last time but saw my mother standing in front of it.
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【答案】When I got home, I rang the doorbell and couldn’t wait to show them the tree. My brother answered the door, with his startled but cheerful look accompanied by his amazed “Where did you get that?” We dragged the tree inside and immediately started to decorate it with a wild excitement. Mother came in silence. She took no part, but neither did she stop us. Seized by exultation, I could have stayed up all night decorating it. But my mother insisted that it was nearly midnight, and that we should all get ready to bed. We had no alternative but to say good night.
Before going to bed, I slipped to see my tree one last time but saw my mother standing in front of it. She was holding a familiar box, without noticing my appearance. Her hands seemed to tremble as she opened it and took out a familiar doll. “Marie, looking at the tree”, she said almost in whisper“This doll is as old as you.” Then, she gently hung the Kewpie-doll on the tree. At the sight of this, I felt tears streamed down my cheeks. I rushed to my mother and hugged her with all my strength,“Mom, you are here just as Papa was.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了在父亲去世后，由此日子突然变得非常艰难。作者的爸爸总是把圣诞节看得很重。每年过圣诞节的时候都会有圣诞树的装饰而且还会在树上挂娃娃，可是因为爸爸的去世，所有的一切都已然不再。就在这次的圣诞节夜晚，作者和家人从教堂回来之后，作者借由去邻居家串门的时候，看到了隔壁商店里一堆废弃的圣诞树，作者从中挑选了最好的一棵，然后带回家进行装扮，所发生的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我回到家，我按响了门铃，迫不及待地让他们看看这棵树。”可知，第一段可描写家人们对该圣诞树的不同反应。
②由第二段首句内容“睡觉前，我溜去看了最后一眼我的树，却看见妈妈站在树前。”可知，第二段可描写，妈妈在圣诞树上发现的娃娃，同时表述该娃娃代表的意义。
2.续写线索：借机串门——拖回圣诞树——装扮圣诞树——家人的惊喜——妈妈的发现——娃娃代表的意义
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.开门：answer the door/open the door
②.注意到：notice/be aware of
③.留下：stream down/fall down
情绪类
①.狂喜：exultation /great joy
②.吃惊的：startled /astonished
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Seized by exultation, I could have stayed up all night decorating it.（过去分词作状语）

[高分句型2]. But my mother insisted that it was nearly midnight, and that we should all get ready to bed. （由and并列的两个that引导的宾语从句并列）