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山东省济南第十一中学2023届高三英语上学期期中试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份山东省济南第十一中学2023届高三英语上学期期中试题（Word版附解析），共25页。
济南十一中2021-2022学年第一学期期中考试
高三年级英语试题
分值：150分 时间：120分钟
本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（笔答题）两部分。考试结束，将答题卡和答卷纸一并交回，试卷自己保存好。
第I卷 (选择题共95分)
注意事项：
1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分 听力测试（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman think of the party?
A. It’s successful. B. It’s not good. C. It’s crowded.
2. What does the man want to learn?
A. Russian. B. Spanish. C. English.
3. How will the man make a phone call?
A. By his mobile phone. B. By the public phone. C. By the woman’s mobile phone.
4. How long has the woman been playing the piano?
A. For about 15 years. B. For about 9 years. C. For about 6 years.
5. Where did the man spend his holiday last year ?
A. In Italy. B. In Spain. C. In Greece.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第六段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. How to read a book. B. How to read online. C. How to read faster.
7. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Take a free course on the Internet. B. Take a course in a school. C. Ask her friends for help.
8. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man hates reading online.
B. The woman likes reading long novels.
C. The man used to read like the woman.
听第七段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. Where will the woman go on Saturday evening?
A. To a wedding party. B. To the theatre. C. To the man’s house.
10. When is the man’s birthday?
A. Tomorrow. B. This Saturday. C. Next Friday.
11. What do we know about the woman?
A. She is good at ballet.
B. She will go to the birthday party.
C. She doesn’t like the barbecue at all.
听第八段材料，回答第12至14题。
12. How did the man go to work before?
A. By bus. B. By bike. C. On foot.
13. What does the woman suggest the man buy?
A. A racing bike. B. A touring bike. C. A second-hand bike.
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Friends. C. Classmates.
听第九段材料，回答第15至17题。
15 How does the man feel about his job now?
A. Bored. B. Inspired. C. Satisfied.
16. Why does the man want to talk with his manager?
A. He doesn’t want to work there.
B. He doesn’t want to work overtime.
C. He doesn’t want to type all day long.
17. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Ask for a pay rise.
B. Leave and find a new job.
C. Go on working in the centre.
听第十段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How long did the fire last?
A. About 60 minutes. B. About 50 minutes. C. About 30 minutes.
19. What was the cause of the fire?
A. The old man’s smoking. B. The old man’s cooking. C. The couple’s smoking.
20. What do we know about the typhoon?
A. It will affect Hong Kong much.
B. It will arrive in Hong Kong tonight.
C. It will not stay in Hong Kong very long.
第二部分 阅读
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dance Classes
Ballet
Ballet teaches grace, posture(姿势) and flexibility. Students focus on the use of proper ballet items(物品),expanding their knowledge of classical ballet techniques and improving motor skills for classical ballet practice. The class is a formal ballet class.
Age 8-10
September 7, 2019-May 16, 2020
10:30 am-12:00 am on Saturday
Creative Movers
Students can explore creative movement, balance, focus, the development of skills, motor planning and balance. The class helps build strength, flexibility and self-confidence, and allows children to realize expression in a positive and encouraging environment. Children use their imagination to celebrate movement and have lots of fun.
Age 3-5
September 7, 2019-January 18, 2020
9 : 00 am-9 : 45 am on Saturday
Jazz
Jazz includes movements from both classical ballet and dance techniques. This class will focus on traditional jazz dance. Students will be introduced to jazz-style rhythms and movements. In order to ensure proper placement for your child, we invite all students to participate in a sample(示例) class. Students and parents work with program staff to meet students' personal dance goals.
Age 5-6
September 7 2019-May 16, 2020
2 : 00 pm-3 : 00 pm on Saturday
Hip Hop
Students will be introduced to several different aspects of hip hop dance including popping, locking, breaking and tutting in a high-energy environment. Our hip hop instructors are highly knowledgeable and will provide students with a wonderful view of hip hop dance.
Age 7-10
September 7, 2019-May 16, 2020
1 : 00 pm-2 : 00 pm on Sunday
1. Which class is suitable for 4-year-old children?
A. Ballet. B. Jazz.
C. Hip Hop. D. Creative Movers
2. What can students do in the jazz class?
A. Get to know jazz-style movements. B. Learn the long history of jazz.
C. Dance with famous modern jazz dancers. D. Make use of all the ballet items.
3. What is special about the hip hop class'?
A. It is open in the afternoon. B. It teaches traditional dances
C. It is available on Sunday. D. It has the most skilled teachers.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了几门舞蹈课。这些课程适合不同年龄段的孩子。孩子们可以根据自己的喜好选择自己喜欢的课程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Creative Movers”中的“Age 3-5”（年龄在3到5岁之间），可知，Creative Movers这门课适合3到5岁之间的孩子，所以，四岁的孩子适合学习这门课。选项D与文意相符，故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Jazz”中“Students will be introduced to jazz-style rhythms and movements.”（学生们将会被介绍爵士风格的节奏和动作）由此可知，学生们在Jazz课中可以了解爵士风格的舞蹈动作。选项A与文意相符，故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中提及“Ballet(10:30 am-12:00 am on Saturday) ；Creative Movers(9 : 00 am-9 : 45 am on Saturday)；Jazz( 2 : 00 pm-3 : 00 pm on Saturday)；Hip Pop(1 : 00 pm-2 : 00 pm on Sunday) ”可知Ballet、Creative Movers和Jazz这三门舞蹈课都是在星期六上课，而Hip Hop课是在星期天上课，这就是它特殊的地方。选项C. “It is available on Sunday”（它在星期天可以上），符合题意，选项C与文意相符，故选C项。
B
Clara Barton, born on Christmas in 1821, is widely known as one of the most honored women in American history. She began teaching school when most teachers were men at that time. Later, she became one of the first women ever to be employed by the government.
Her career in helping the sick began when her brother David became her first patient. He fell down from the roof of a house when Clara was just 11 years old. She stayed by his side and looked after him for three years, learning how to give him all his medicines.
When the Civil War began in 1861, she immediately recognized that the poorly equipped soldiers needed help. Instead of waiting for others to step in, Clara collected necessary things on her own, asked the public for donations and learned how to store and distribute them to soldiers. She also read to the soldiers and wrote letters for them.
After the Battle of Cedar Mountain in northern Virginia in 1862, Clara arrived at a field hospital at midnight with a vehicle full of supplies. A doctor named Paul Smith at that hospital would later write, “I thought heaven had sent out an angel that night — her assistance arrived at exactly the right time.”
In 1869, Clara went to Europe and learned about the International Committee of the Red Cross. Upon her return to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. She led the organization for the next 23 years. Her last field mission (使命) as president of the American Red Cross was to help the victims of the 1900 Galveston hurricane. She did not retire (退休) from the American Red Cross until she was 83. True to her nature, Clara always went to where the need was the greatest.
Today, the American Red Cross continues the mission Clara started more than 100 years ago. With the help of thousands of volunteers, the American Red Cross provides relief to victims of disasters, as well as helps people prevent, prepare for and respond to all sorts of emergencies.
4. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that Clara Barton was .
A. honest B. caring
C. talented D. modest
5. After the Civil War broke out, Clara Barton .
A. joined the army and fought bravely B. went to Europe for further study
C. continued to work as a teacher D. did a lot to help soldiers
6. Seeing Clara Barton’s arrival, Dr. Smith must have felt .
A. excited and grateful B. proud and joyful
C. shy and nervous D. sad and sorry
7. What is mainly described in Paragraph 5?
A. The aim of the American Red Cross.
B. The importance of voluntary donations.
C. Clara Barton and the American Red Cross.
D. Clara Barton’s contribution to the Civil War.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。克拉拉·巴顿是美国历史上最受人尊敬的女性之一。她是第一批女教师之一，是被政府雇佣第一批女性之一。她有爱心，照顾生病的弟弟，帮助内战中的士兵，还成立了美国红十字会。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的She stayed by his side and looked after him for three years, learning how to give him all his medicines.(她在他身边照顾了他三年，学习如何给他所有的药物)可知，Clara Barton精心地照顾生病的弟弟。由此可知，Clara Barton是一个很体贴的人。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段When the Civil War began in 1861, she immediately recognized that the poorly equipped soldiers needed help. Instead of waiting for others to step in, Clara collected necessary things on her own, asked the public for donations and learned how to store and distribute them to soldiers. She also read to the soldiers and wrote letters for them. (当1861年内战开始时，她立刻意识到装备简陋的士兵需要帮助。克拉拉没有等别人来帮忙，而是自己收集了一些必要的东西，向公众募捐，并学会了如何储存和分发给士兵。她还为士兵们朗读和写信)可知，内战爆发后，克拉拉·巴顿为帮助士兵做了很多事情。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中A doctor named Paul Smith at that hospital would later write, “I thought heaven had sent out an angel that night — her assistance arrived at exactly the right time.”(那家医院的一位名叫保罗·史密斯的医生后来写道：“我以为那天晚上上帝派了一位天使来——她的帮助来得正是时候。”) 可推知，Dr. Smith对Clara Barton的到来非常感动和感激，她像天使一样给了他们及时的帮助。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段中的In 1869, Clara went to Europe and learned about the International Committee of the Red Cross. Upon her return to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross.( 1869年，克拉拉去了欧洲，了解了红十字国际委员会。回到美国后，她成功地建立了美国红十字会)以及她所做的努力可知，第五段主要讲述了Clara成立并领导美国红十字会的故事。故选C。
C
Few people can refuse a delicious ice cream, especially on a hot day. The only thing that stops the fun is that the treat is hard to enjoy slowly, ending up with a sticky, melted mess. Now, researchers from Colombia’s Pontifical Bolivarian University may have found an unlikely thing to help solve this age-old problem — a kind of fibre from banana plant waste.
Bananas, as you probably know, grow in groups on a tree-like plant. Each group is connected to a central rachis (叶轴), which is thrown once the fruit has been gathered. The team, which was led by Dr. Robin Zuluaga Gallego, began by abstracting /drawing out cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) from the powdered rachis. The tasteless fiber, thousands of times smaller than the width of a human hair, was then added to 100 grams of ice cream mix.
With the right amount of CNFs mixed in, the dessert lasted longer in its frozen state than the traditional ice cream, extending the amount of time that the treat can be enjoyed. What was even more exciting was that the fibre increased the stickiness of the low-fat ice cream to levels higher than the full-fat one. Since this is what determines the frozen treat’s creaminess and taste, CNFs could help create the healthier ice cream without influencing the taste of it.
The researchers, who presented their findings at the American Chemical Society( ACS) meeting in New Orleans in March, 2018, next plan to study how different types of fat, such as coconut oil, influence the behaviour of CNFs in other frozen treats.
The Colombian researchers are not the only ones working on creating a slower-melting ice cream. In 2015, scientists at the University of Dundee in Scotland found that a natural protein called BsIA was very effective in keeping the treat frozen for longer periods of time. With both teams fighting to be the first to get to the market, the future of everyone’s favorite dessert certainly looks bright.
8. What prevents people enjoying an ice cream slowly?
A. A kind of fibre from bananas.
B. The ice cream’s quick melting.
C. The ice cream’s stickiness.
D. The fat in the ice cream.
9. Why were CNFs added to ice cream mix?
A. To improve its taste.
B. To increase its stickiness.
C. To reduce its fat content.
D. To make it melt more slowly.
10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The ice cream. B. The fiber.
C. The fat. D. The stickiness.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. BsIA is popular in the market.
B. CNFs are more useful and expensive than BsIA.
C. Ice creams with CNFs have been on sale at the market.
D. Slowly enjoying an ice cream will soon become a reality.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者围绕当代人为了防止冰淇淋融化必须很快吃完冰淇淋的现象展开话题，提出由研究者研究出一种添加物质可以让冰淇淋放缓融化，不影响口感的同时还能减少脂肪。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“The only thing that stops the fun is that the treat is hard to enjoy slowly, ending up with a sticky, melted mess.”唯一阻止人们吃冰淇淋的快乐就是人们很难去慢慢享受冰淇淋，慢慢吃冰淇淋导致的结果就是手上沾满了黏稠的融化了的冰淇淋。所以这里人们为不能缓慢地吃冰淇淋的原因是冰淇淋太容易化了。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“With the right amount of CNFs mixed in, the dessert lasted longer in its frozen state than the traditional ice cream,”混合适当数量的CNFs,甜品冰冻的状态跟传统的冰淇淋相比就能维持地更久。所以这里加CNFs的原因是为了让冰淇淋融化地更加缓慢。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。由第三段“Since this is what determines the frozen treat’s creaminess and taste, CNFs could help create the healthier ice cream without influencing the taste of it.”因为这决定冰淇淋的奶油的数量和冰淇淋的味道，而CNFs可以帮助生产出更健康的冰淇淋，而且不影响它的口感。所以这里it指的是冰淇淋。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“The Colombian researchers are not the only ones working on creating a slower-melting ice cream. In 2015, scientists at the University of Dundee in Scotland found that a natural protein called BsIA was very effective in keeping the treat frozen for longer periods of time.”哥伦比亚的研究人员并不是唯一致力于制造一种融化速度较慢的冰淇淋的人。2015年，苏格兰邓迪大学的科学家们发现，一种叫做BsIA的天然蛋白质能有效地让巧克力保持更长时间的冷冻。由此推知，人们缓慢吃冰淇淋将会成为一个事实。故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题，需要根据细节来进行推断理解。如第2小题，由第三段“With the right amount of CNFs mixed in, the dessert lasted longer in its frozen state than the traditional ice cream,”混合适当数量的CNFs,甜品冰冻的状态跟传统的冰淇淋相比就能维持地更久。所以这里加CNFs的原因是为了让冰淇淋融化地更加缓慢。故选D项。
D
Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn’t really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds.
One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room.
Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn’t take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading. “A child’s reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads.” Anderson says.
Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that it’s the other way around. “If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.
For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences.
12. By watching TV, children learn _________.
A. images through words B. more than explicit meanings
C. more about images than words D. little about people’s psychology
13. Which of the following is most related to children’s reading ability?
A. Radio-listening B. Television-watching
C. Parents’ reading list D. Parents’ educational background
14. Anderson believed that _________.
A. the more a child watches TV, the smarter he is
B. the younger a child is, the more he watches TV
C. the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TV
D. the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school
15. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To advise on the educational use of TV. B. To describe TV’s harmful effects on children.
C. To explain traditional views on TV influences. D. To present Anderson’s unconventional ideas.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了著名的心理学家丹尼尔·安德森认为，区分电视对孩子的影响和家庭对孩子的影响是很重要的，他提出了一些关于看电视的非传统思想。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see.（相反，他们从他们所看到的东西中学到显性和隐性的意义）可知通过看电视，孩子们学到的不仅仅是显性的意思。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading.（父母的教育背景对孩子阅读的影响更大）可知父母的教育背景与儿童的阅读能力最相关。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.（安德森说:“如果你年轻时很聪明，长大后就会少看电视。”然而，智商较低的人往往一辈子都看电视）可知安德森认为，一个孩子越聪明，他就越不可能沉迷于电视。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images（关于电视的一种传统观点是，它降低了孩子思考和理解世界的能力。看电视时，孩子们不仅仅是吸收文字和图像）和第三段Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability.（另一个反对电视的理由是它取代了作为一种娱乐形式的阅读。但安德森认为，看电视的时间长短与阅读能力无关）以及第四段Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it.（传统观点还认为，过度看电视会降低智商，影响学习成绩。但这里，安德森也指出，没有研究证明这一点）可推知这篇文章的主要目的是介绍安德森的非传统思想。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___16___Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the “speaking. ” ___17___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___18___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___19___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___20___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
【16题详解】
本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
【17题详解】
下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
【18题详解】
本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。
【19题详解】
本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
【20题详解】
下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共三节, 满分45分)
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A 、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黒。
When I was little and something difficult happened,I would look to my mother for comfort and guidance. She was always there for me, helping me ____21____the issue.No matter what,my mom had a ____22____outlook (人生观)．
At the time, I had no knowledge of the difficulties and ____23____she had experienced. Growing up during the Great Depression, my mom lost two sisters and had to ____24____her paraplegic (下身瘫痪的)youngest sister.
To me, my mother defines resilience (快速恢复的能力).She had such strong faith and was a very ____25____and positive person. Our house was like a central hub (核心)for family and friends; no one ever left hungry or without feeling a bit ____26____than they did when they arrived.
As a child, one thing my mother would often say to me was, “this too shall pass." At first, I found this ____27____ .What I was dealing with seemed like the most____28____thing ever! How would it get better? As I matured, I____29____she was right. Life moves on and we all have a____30____to move forward or back. She always chose to move forward.
“This too shall pass" doesn't mean that the problem will magically____31____. Rather, it can lead to a very reflective thought process that ____32____you to find inner strength to____33____the challenge at hand.
So as you face difficulties and challenges. I ____34____my mother's advice will help you choose to move forward, find____35____and make the best of what life has to offer.
21. A. work through B. believe in C. focus on D. worry about
22. A. simple B. similar C. positive D. new
23. A. shame B. losses C. arguments D. competition
24. A. remind B. trust C. respect D. support
25. A. different B. interesting C. giving D. normal
26. A. safer B. busier C. smarter D. better
27. A. annoying B. frightening C. surprising D. appealing
28. A. enjoyable B. difficult C. boring D. valuable
29. A. realized B. imagined C. doubted D. expected
30. A. right B. choice C. responsibility D. way
31. A. change B. develop C. disappear D. continue
32. A. forces B. helps C. warms D. persuades
33. A. answer B. accept C. understand D. address
34. A. agree B. wonder C. hope D. remember
35. A. solutions B. challenges C. results D. purposes
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者遇到困难和挑战时，母亲总是会说“This too shall pass”来鼓励作者继续前进，克服困难和挑战，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。 句意：她总是在我身边，帮我解决问题。A. work through解决，克服；B. believe in相信；C. focus on关注；D. worry about担心。根据前文“I would look to my mother for comfort and guidance. ”可知，因为作者会会向母亲寻求安慰和指导，所以此处指母亲会帮助我解决问题。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，我妈妈都是乐观的。A. simple简单的；B. similar相似的；C. positive乐观的，积极的；D. new新的。根据后文“She had such strong faith and was a very 5 and positive person. ”可知，作者的妈妈是一个乐观的人。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，我并不知道她所经历的困难和损失。A. shame羞愧；B. losses损失；C. arguments争论；D. competition竞争。根据空前“ the difficulties”可知，空处需用名词losses与之并列，表示母亲经历的困难和损失。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲成长于大萧条时期，她失去了两个妹妹，不得不赡养截瘫的妹妹。A. remind提醒；B. trust相信；C. respect尊重；D. support支持,赡养。根据后文“her paraplegic (下身瘫痪的)youngest sister.”可知，此处指母亲不得不赡养下身瘫痪的妹妹。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她有着坚定的信念，是一个非常乐于助人和积极的人。A.different不同的；B.interesting有趣的；C. giving乐于助人的；D. normal正常的。对比空后“and positive person.”和句意可知，作者母亲是一个乐于助人而且积极向上的人。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的房子就像家人和朋友的中心;离开时，没有人会感到饥饿，或者感觉比刚来的时候好一点。A. safer更安全的；B. busier更忙碌的；C. smarter更聪明的；D. better更好的。根据前文“Our house was like a central hub (核心)for family and friends;”可知，因为房子就像家人和朋友的中心，所以离开时感觉比刚来时好一些。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我觉得这很烦人。A. annoying烦人的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据后文“ How would it get better?”可知，作者对母亲说的这句话“this too shall pass.”感到厌烦。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正在处理的事情似乎是有史以来最困难的事情！A. enjoyable令人愉快的；B. difficult困难的；C. boring无聊的；D. valuable珍贵的。根据后文“How would it get better?”可知，作者询问如何变得更好，由此可知，作者遇到了困难的事情。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我成熟后，我意识到她是对的。A. realized意识到；B. imagined想象；C. doubted怀疑；D. expected期待。根据前文“As I matured”可知，作者成熟后，意识到母亲做的事情是对的。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活在继续，我们都有前进或后退的选择。A.right权力；B.choice选择；C.responsibility责任；D.way方法。根据后文“She always chose to move forward.”可知，此处指在生活中的选择。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这也会过去”并不意味着问题会神奇地消失。A.change改变；B. develop发展；C. disappear消失；D. continue继续。结合妈妈说的这句话“This too shall pass”可知，此处指问题不会神奇地消失。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，它可以导致一个非常反思的思维过程，帮助你找到内在的力量来应对手头的挑战。A. forces强迫；B. helps帮助；C. warms使变暖；D. persuades说服。根据前文“it can lead to a very reflective thought process”可知，此处指形成一个思维过程帮助你。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.answer回答；B.accept接受；C.understand明白；D.address处理，应对。根据后文“the challenge at hand”可知，此处指应对挑战。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我母亲的建议能帮助你选择前进，找到解决办法，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。A.agree同意；B.wonder想知道；C.hope希望；D.remember记得。根据前文“So as you face difficulties and challenges.”可知，作者表示当面对困难和挑战时，希望母亲的建议会有帮助。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.solutions解决方案；B.challenges挑战；C.results结果；D.purposes目的。结合前一句可知，此处指找到应对困难和挑战的解决方案。故选A。
第II卷 (非选择题共55分)
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It ___36___（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it ___37___ (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of ___38___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days ___39___even a few months. It took years of work___40___(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___41___(clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit ___42___is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are ___43___(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the____44____(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be ____45____ (patience).
【答案】36. was
37. actually
38. the 39. or
40. to reduce
41. cleaner
42. thatwhich
43. amazing
44. changes
45. patient
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过克利夫兰凯霍加河的成功治理为例子，告诉读者任何事物的改变都是一个渐渐的过程，要有耐心。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：它能够被清理干净是难以想象的事情。根据“it could ever be cleaned up”可知，这里考查主句的一般过去式的谓语动词形式，it是形式主语，be动词用单数形式，that后面是真正的主语从句。故填was。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：这条河污染的如此严重以至于它实际上都可以直接着火燃烧了。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词修饰动词caught。故填actually。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：现在，好多年过去了，这条河是环境清理最好的典范之一。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词最高级most outstanding前面用定冠词the。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：但是这条河不是在几天甚至几个月就被改变的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查并列连词，表示“或者”的意思。故填or。
40题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：花了好多年的努力才减少了工业污染让水变得干净的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词不定式做真正的主语，it做形式主语。故填to reduce。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最后，辛苦的努力终于有了回报，并且现在河里的水比以前更干净了。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格后面有than ever，所以这里考查形容词的比较级结构。故填cleaner。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：也许，也许你留下了一个让你的家人抓狂的习惯。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是habit，在从句中做主语，指物。故填that/which。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然有许多瞬间转变的故事，但是对我们大部分人来说，改变是一个渐渐的过程，并且要求许多的努力，就像清理一条被污染的河流一样。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词做定语，修饰后面的名词stories，表示“令人吃惊的”意思。故填amazing。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：见第8题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这句话的谓语动词是are，所以这里考查可数名词复数做主语。故填changes。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：要耐心些。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词做表语，表示“有耐心的”意思。故填patient。
第三节 阅读下列各题，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
46. With his attention ___________(focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him．
【答案】focused
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：他全神贯注在他的作业上，完全忘了我告诉他的事情。His attention与focus之间是被动关系，所以使用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填focused。
47. I want to make a good first ________(impress). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】impression
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我想给人留下一个好第一印象。分析句子结构可知，在a和first后要使用名词形式，构成短语make a good first impression“留下良好的第一印象”，故填impression。
48. Many young people were deeply ________ (affect) by his story and began to do volunteer work for the disabled. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】affected
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：许多年轻人深受他的故事影响，开始为残疾人做志愿工作。根据句型分析和句意可知，此空应填谓语动词，且主语Many young people与谓语affect为被动关系，所以这里应用过去分词结构。故填affected。
49. In the botanical garden we find a ________ (vary) of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】variety
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在植物园里，我们发现了各种各样的植物，从高大的树木到小花。根据句型分析和句意可知，冠词a后面应加名词，所以应填variety，为名词。故填variety。
50. I ’ m writing to ________ (application) for the position. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】apply
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我写信申请这个职位。根据句型分析和句意可知，此空前的to 和后面动词构成不定式to do 结构，表目的，所以应填apply，为动词。故填apply。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 （满分 15 分）
51. 假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，打算邀请附近某大学的外籍教师Smith女士来做评委（judge）,请根据以下内容给她写一封信。
主题：人与自然
时间：6月15日下午2：00一5：O0
地点：501教室
参赛选手：10名学生
联系人：李华(电话44876655)
注意：词数80左右。
【答案】Dear Mrs Smith,
I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university. I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will be held in our school on June 15. It will start at 2:00 p.m. and last for about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic "Man and Nature" in classroom 501.
We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给附近某大学的外籍教师Smith女士写一封信，邀请她来做评委（judge），内容包括：主题：人与自然；时间：6月15日下午2：00一5：00；地点：501教室；参赛选手：10名学生；联系人：李华(电话44876655)
【详解】1.词汇积累
主席：chairman→president
演讲比赛：speech contest→speech competition
开始：start→begin
发表演讲：deliver a speech→address a speech
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic "Man and Nature" in classroom 501.
拓展句：Ten students who have known the given topic "Man and Nature" in advance, will deliver their speeches in classroom 501.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will be held in our school on June 15. (运用了which引导的定语从句)
第二节 (满分20分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Once there was a girl named Vivian who was the only child of her father. Her father was a big and successful businessman who owned seven star restaurants. He did everything only for his daughter.
Vivian was sent to the best university abroad. Although she had everything, the only thing she never owned was respect of other people.
When Vivian came back after her graduation and her father asked her to join his company as an accountant, she was naturally not happy with that. She wanted to work in a higher post but her father wanted her to start as an ordinary girl.
“Dad, I studied in the most outstanding university abroad and got a better education than any of the employees who work under you. Still, you want me to work under them?" said Vivian unhappily.
Vivian's father looked at her with a smile on his face. Vivian was annoyed by her father's reaction but she agreed to work as an accountant in the end.
After some months, there was an emergency situation in the company.One of the restaurants was short of employees because of a sudden resignation (辞职），so they were short on people to do other chores around the place and cook food fast. Vivian's father asked her to help that restaurant with him and the other employees.
When she entered the restaurant, she was hit by the air of tension around the employees. Everybody was busy doing something or other and there was a mess around the restaurant. When she went in the back of the kitchen, she saw a tower of unwashed dishes.
Her father neared her in a hurry and asked her, “Vivian, thank goodness, you are here. Darling, will you please help us and do the dishes?" He patted her on her shoulder and left her to do the dishes.
She looked at the dirty plates and spoons that were piled up before her.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“I didn't study my whole life and come first in everything to do this!”Vivian thought.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Vivian's father picked up the gloves, put them on and started doing the dishes himself.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 “I didn't study my whole life and come first in everything to do this!” Vivian thought. She was down in the dumps and left the kitchen. But after a while she heard her father saying, “Vivian, sweetheart, you didn’t do the dishes? Go on, do it.” But Vivian ignored him deliberately. Her father looked at her in confusion but then he realized why his daughter was behaving like this. Obviously he was aware of his daughter’s thinking. So, he started making his way towards the back of the kitchen.
Vivian’s father picked up the gloves, put them on and started doing the dishes himself. “Dad, what are you doing? You are not an ordinary employee!” said Vivian. “Darling, I have always been an ordinary man. I worked hard for you just as these employees’ parents must have done,” her father replied. Vivian was overcome with regret and took the gloves off his hands immediately. “You are not seriously thinking that I am going to let you do these without offering my help?” Vivian said and then they both laughed.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Vivian是一位成功商人的独生女，大学毕业后他被父亲叫去他的公司当会计，几个月后，公司出现了紧急情况，其中一家餐厅因员工突然辞职而出现员工短缺，父亲叫她去帮忙洗碗的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““我这辈子都没学过，样样都是第一!”薇薇安想到”可知，第一段可描写如何不愿意洗碗。
②由第二段首句内容“薇薇安的父亲拿起手套，戴上，开始自己洗碗”可知，第二段可描写Vivian的父亲如何劝导女儿。
2.续写线索：离开厨房——不理——（父亲）去厨房——拿下手套
3.词汇激活
行为类
①离开厨房：leave the kitchen/get out of the kitchen
②不理：ignore/disregard
③去厨房：make his way towards the back of the kitchen/head for the back of the kitchen
④拿下手套：take the gloves off his hands/remove the gloves from his hands
情绪类
①情绪低落：down in the dumps/downhearted
②困惑地：in confusion/confusedly
③后悔地：with regret/repentantly
【点睛】[高分句型1]Her father looked at her in confusion but then he realized why his daughter was behaving like this.（由连接词why引导的宾语从句作realized的宾语）
[高分句型2]You are not seriously thinking that I am going to let you do these without offering my help?（由关系代词that引导宾语从句，动名词作宾语）
听力答案：1-5 BABAB 6-10 CACAC 11-15 BACBA 16-20 CBCAC
济南十一中2021-2022学年第一学期期中考试
高三年级英语试题
分值：150分 时间：120分钟
本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（笔答题）两部分。考试结束，将答题卡和答卷纸一并交回，试卷自己保存好。
第I卷 (选择题共95分)
注意事项：
1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分 听力测试（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman think of the party?
A. It’s successful. B. It’s not good. C. It’s crowded.
2. What does the man want to learn?
A. Russian. B. Spanish. C. English.
3. How will the man make a phone call?
A. By his mobile phone. B. By the public phone. C. By the woman’s mobile phone.
4. How long has the woman been playing the piano?
A. For about 15 years. B. For about 9 years. C. For about 6 years.
5. Where did the man spend his holiday last year ?
A. In Italy. B. In Spain. C. In Greece.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第六段材料，回答第6至8题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. How to read a book. B. How to read online. C. How to read faster.
7. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Take a free course on the Internet. B. Take a course in a school. C. Ask her friends for help.
8. What can we learn from the conversation?
A. The man hates reading online.
B. The woman likes reading long novels.
C. The man used to read like the woman.
听第七段材料，回答第9至11题。
9. Where will the woman go on Saturday evening?
A. To a wedding party. B. To the theatre. C. To the man’s house.
10. When is the man’s birthday?
A. Tomorrow. B. This Saturday. C. Next Friday.
11. What do we know about the woman?
A. She is good at ballet.
B. She will go to the birthday party.
C. She doesn’t like the barbecue at all.
听第八段材料，回答第12至14题。
12. How did the man go to work before?
A. By bus. B. By bike. C. On foot.
13. What does the woman suggest the man buy?
A. A racing bike. B. A touring bike. C. A second-hand bike.
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleagues. B. Friends. C. Classmates.
听第九段材料，回答第15至17题。
15 How does the man feel about his job now?
A. Bored. B. Inspired. C. Satisfied.
16. Why does the man want to talk with his manager?
A. He doesn’t want to work there.
B. He doesn’t want to work overtime.
C. He doesn’t want to type all day long.
17. What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Ask for a pay rise.
B. Leave and find a new job.
C. Go on working in the centre.
听第十段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How long did the fire last?
A. About 60 minutes. B. About 50 minutes. C. About 30 minutes.
19. What was the cause of the fire?
A. The old man’s smoking. B. The old man’s cooking. C. The couple’s smoking.
20. What do we know about the typhoon?
A. It will affect Hong Kong much.
B. It will arrive in Hong Kong tonight.
C. It will not stay in Hong Kong very long.
第二部分 阅读
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dance Classes
Ballet
Ballet teaches grace, posture(姿势) and flexibility. Students focus on the use of proper ballet items(物品),expanding their knowledge of classical ballet techniques and improving motor skills for classical ballet practice. The class is a formal ballet class.
Age 8-10
September 7, 2019-May 16, 2020
10:30 am-12:00 am on Saturday
Creative Movers
Students can explore creative movement, balance, focus, the development of skills, motor planning and balance. The class helps build strength, flexibility and self-confidence, and allows children to realize expression in a positive and encouraging environment. Children use their imagination to celebrate movement and have lots of fun.
Age 3-5
September 7, 2019-January 18, 2020
9 : 00 am-9 : 45 am on Saturday
Jazz
Jazz includes movements from both classical ballet and dance techniques. This class will focus on traditional jazz dance. Students will be introduced to jazz-style rhythms and movements. In order to ensure proper placement for your child, we invite all students to participate in a sample(示例) class. Students and parents work with program staff to meet students' personal dance goals.
Age 5-6
September 7 2019-May 16, 2020
2 : 00 pm-3 : 00 pm on Saturday
Hip Hop
Students will be introduced to several different aspects of hip hop dance including popping, locking, breaking and tutting in a high-energy environment. Our hip hop instructors are highly knowledgeable and will provide students with a wonderful view of hip hop dance.
Age 7-10
September 7, 2019-May 16, 2020
1 : 00 pm-2 : 00 pm on Sunday
1. Which class is suitable for 4-year-old children?
A. Ballet. B. Jazz.
C. Hip Hop. D. Creative Movers
2. What can students do in the jazz class?
A. Get to know jazz-style movements. B. Learn the long history of jazz.
C. Dance with famous modern jazz dancers. D. Make use of all the ballet items.
3. What is special about the hip hop class'?
A. It is open in the afternoon. B. It teaches traditional dances
C. It is available on Sunday. D. It has the most skilled teachers.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了几门舞蹈课。这些课程适合不同年龄段的孩子。孩子们可以根据自己的喜好选择自己喜欢的课程。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Creative Movers”中的“Age 3-5”（年龄在3到5岁之间），可知，Creative Movers这门课适合3到5岁之间的孩子，所以，四岁的孩子适合学习这门课。选项D与文意相符，故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Jazz”中“Students will be introduced to jazz-style rhythms and movements.”（学生们将会被介绍爵士风格的节奏和动作）由此可知，学生们在Jazz课中可以了解爵士风格的舞蹈动作。选项A与文意相符，故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中提及“Ballet(10:30 am-12:00 am on Saturday) ；Creative Movers(9 : 00 am-9 : 45 am on Saturday)；Jazz( 2 : 00 pm-3 : 00 pm on Saturday)；Hip Pop(1 : 00 pm-2 : 00 pm on Sunday) ”可知Ballet、Creative Movers和Jazz这三门舞蹈课都是在星期六上课，而Hip Hop课是在星期天上课，这就是它特殊的地方。选项C. “It is available on Sunday”（它在星期天可以上），符合题意，选项C与文意相符，故选C项。
B
Clara Barton, born on Christmas in 1821, is widely known as one of the most honored women in American history. She began teaching school when most teachers were men at that time. Later, she became one of the first women ever to be employed by the government.
Her career in helping the sick began when her brother David became her first patient. He fell down from the roof of a house when Clara was just 11 years old. She stayed by his side and looked after him for three years, learning how to give him all his medicines.
When the Civil War began in 1861, she immediately recognized that the poorly equipped soldiers needed help. Instead of waiting for others to step in, Clara collected necessary things on her own, asked the public for donations and learned how to store and distribute them to soldiers. She also read to the soldiers and wrote letters for them.
After the Battle of Cedar Mountain in northern Virginia in 1862, Clara arrived at a field hospital at midnight with a vehicle full of supplies. A doctor named Paul Smith at that hospital would later write, “I thought heaven had sent out an angel that night — her assistance arrived at exactly the right time.”
In 1869, Clara went to Europe and learned about the International Committee of the Red Cross. Upon her return to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross. She led the organization for the next 23 years. Her last field mission (使命) as president of the American Red Cross was to help the victims of the 1900 Galveston hurricane. She did not retire (退休) from the American Red Cross until she was 83. True to her nature, Clara always went to where the need was the greatest.
Today, the American Red Cross continues the mission Clara started more than 100 years ago. With the help of thousands of volunteers, the American Red Cross provides relief to victims of disasters, as well as helps people prevent, prepare for and respond to all sorts of emergencies.
4. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that Clara Barton was .
A. honest B. caring
C. talented D. modest
5. After the Civil War broke out, Clara Barton .
A. joined the army and fought bravely B. went to Europe for further study
C. continued to work as a teacher D. did a lot to help soldiers
6. Seeing Clara Barton’s arrival, Dr. Smith must have felt .
A. excited and grateful B. proud and joyful
C. shy and nervous D. sad and sorry
7. What is mainly described in Paragraph 5?
A. The aim of the American Red Cross.
B. The importance of voluntary donations.
C. Clara Barton and the American Red Cross.
D. Clara Barton’s contribution to the Civil War.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。克拉拉·巴顿是美国历史上最受人尊敬的女性之一。她是第一批女教师之一，是被政府雇佣第一批女性之一。她有爱心，照顾生病的弟弟，帮助内战中的士兵，还成立了美国红十字会。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的She stayed by his side and looked after him for three years, learning how to give him all his medicines.(她在他身边照顾了他三年，学习如何给他所有的药物)可知，Clara Barton精心地照顾生病的弟弟。由此可知，Clara Barton是一个很体贴的人。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段When the Civil War began in 1861, she immediately recognized that the poorly equipped soldiers needed help. Instead of waiting for others to step in, Clara collected necessary things on her own, asked the public for donations and learned how to store and distribute them to soldiers. She also read to the soldiers and wrote letters for them. (当1861年内战开始时，她立刻意识到装备简陋的士兵需要帮助。克拉拉没有等别人来帮忙，而是自己收集了一些必要的东西，向公众募捐，并学会了如何储存和分发给士兵。她还为士兵们朗读和写信)可知，内战爆发后，克拉拉·巴顿为帮助士兵做了很多事情。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中A doctor named Paul Smith at that hospital would later write, “I thought heaven had sent out an angel that night — her assistance arrived at exactly the right time.”(那家医院的一位名叫保罗·史密斯的医生后来写道：“我以为那天晚上上帝派了一位天使来——她的帮助来得正是时候。”) 可推知，Dr. Smith对Clara Barton的到来非常感动和感激，她像天使一样给了他们及时的帮助。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段中的In 1869, Clara went to Europe and learned about the International Committee of the Red Cross. Upon her return to the United States, she successfully founded the American Red Cross.( 1869年，克拉拉去了欧洲，了解了红十字国际委员会。回到美国后，她成功地建立了美国红十字会)以及她所做的努力可知，第五段主要讲述了Clara成立并领导美国红十字会的故事。故选C。
C
Few people can refuse a delicious ice cream, especially on a hot day. The only thing that stops the fun is that the treat is hard to enjoy slowly, ending up with a sticky, melted mess. Now, researchers from Colombia’s Pontifical Bolivarian University may have found an unlikely thing to help solve this age-old problem — a kind of fibre from banana plant waste.
Bananas, as you probably know, grow in groups on a tree-like plant. Each group is connected to a central rachis (叶轴), which is thrown once the fruit has been gathered. The team, which was led by Dr. Robin Zuluaga Gallego, began by abstracting /drawing out cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) from the powdered rachis. The tasteless fiber, thousands of times smaller than the width of a human hair, was then added to 100 grams of ice cream mix.
With the right amount of CNFs mixed in, the dessert lasted longer in its frozen state than the traditional ice cream, extending the amount of time that the treat can be enjoyed. What was even more exciting was that the fibre increased the stickiness of the low-fat ice cream to levels higher than the full-fat one. Since this is what determines the frozen treat’s creaminess and taste, CNFs could help create the healthier ice cream without influencing the taste of it.
The researchers, who presented their findings at the American Chemical Society( ACS) meeting in New Orleans in March, 2018, next plan to study how different types of fat, such as coconut oil, influence the behaviour of CNFs in other frozen treats.
The Colombian researchers are not the only ones working on creating a slower-melting ice cream. In 2015, scientists at the University of Dundee in Scotland found that a natural protein called BsIA was very effective in keeping the treat frozen for longer periods of time. With both teams fighting to be the first to get to the market, the future of everyone’s favorite dessert certainly looks bright.
8. What prevents people enjoying an ice cream slowly?
A. A kind of fibre from bananas.
B. The ice cream’s quick melting.
C. The ice cream’s stickiness.
D. The fat in the ice cream.
9. Why were CNFs added to ice cream mix?
A. To improve its taste.
B. To increase its stickiness.
C. To reduce its fat content.
D. To make it melt more slowly.
10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The ice cream. B. The fiber.
C. The fat. D. The stickiness.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. BsIA is popular in the market.
B. CNFs are more useful and expensive than BsIA.
C. Ice creams with CNFs have been on sale at the market.
D. Slowly enjoying an ice cream will soon become a reality.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。作者围绕当代人为了防止冰淇淋融化必须很快吃完冰淇淋的现象展开话题，提出由研究者研究出一种添加物质可以让冰淇淋放缓融化，不影响口感的同时还能减少脂肪。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“The only thing that stops the fun is that the treat is hard to enjoy slowly, ending up with a sticky, melted mess.”唯一阻止人们吃冰淇淋的快乐就是人们很难去慢慢享受冰淇淋，慢慢吃冰淇淋导致的结果就是手上沾满了黏稠的融化了的冰淇淋。所以这里人们为不能缓慢地吃冰淇淋的原因是冰淇淋太容易化了。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“With the right amount of CNFs mixed in, the dessert lasted longer in its frozen state than the traditional ice cream,”混合适当数量的CNFs,甜品冰冻的状态跟传统的冰淇淋相比就能维持地更久。所以这里加CNFs的原因是为了让冰淇淋融化地更加缓慢。故选D项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。由第三段“Since this is what determines the frozen treat’s creaminess and taste, CNFs could help create the healthier ice cream without influencing the taste of it.”因为这决定冰淇淋的奶油的数量和冰淇淋的味道，而CNFs可以帮助生产出更健康的冰淇淋，而且不影响它的口感。所以这里it指的是冰淇淋。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段“The Colombian researchers are not the only ones working on creating a slower-melting ice cream. In 2015, scientists at the University of Dundee in Scotland found that a natural protein called BsIA was very effective in keeping the treat frozen for longer periods of time.”哥伦比亚的研究人员并不是唯一致力于制造一种融化速度较慢的冰淇淋的人。2015年，苏格兰邓迪大学的科学家们发现，一种叫做BsIA的天然蛋白质能有效地让巧克力保持更长时间的冷冻。由此推知，人们缓慢吃冰淇淋将会成为一个事实。故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题，需要根据细节来进行推断理解。如第2小题，由第三段“With the right amount of CNFs mixed in, the dessert lasted longer in its frozen state than the traditional ice cream,”混合适当数量的CNFs,甜品冰冻的状态跟传统的冰淇淋相比就能维持地更久。所以这里加CNFs的原因是为了让冰淇淋融化地更加缓慢。故选D项。
D
Daniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn’t really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds.
One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room.
Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn’t take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading. “A child’s reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads.” Anderson says.
Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that it’s the other way around. “If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.
For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences.
12. By watching TV, children learn _________.
A. images through words B. more than explicit meanings
C. more about images than words D. little about people’s psychology
13. Which of the following is most related to children’s reading ability?
A. Radio-listening B. Television-watching
C. Parents’ reading list D. Parents’ educational background
14. Anderson believed that _________.
A. the more a child watches TV, the smarter he is
B. the younger a child is, the more he watches TV
C. the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TV
D. the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school
15. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To advise on the educational use of TV. B. To describe TV’s harmful effects on children.
C. To explain traditional views on TV influences. D. To present Anderson’s unconventional ideas.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了著名的心理学家丹尼尔·安德森认为，区分电视对孩子的影响和家庭对孩子的影响是很重要的，他提出了一些关于看电视的非传统思想。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see.（相反，他们从他们所看到的东西中学到显性和隐性的意义）可知通过看电视，孩子们学到的不仅仅是显性的意思。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading.（父母的教育背景对孩子阅读的影响更大）可知父母的教育背景与儿童的阅读能力最相关。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.（安德森说:“如果你年轻时很聪明，长大后就会少看电视。”然而，智商较低的人往往一辈子都看电视）可知安德森认为，一个孩子越聪明，他就越不可能沉迷于电视。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images（关于电视的一种传统观点是，它降低了孩子思考和理解世界的能力。看电视时，孩子们不仅仅是吸收文字和图像）和第三段Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability.（另一个反对电视的理由是它取代了作为一种娱乐形式的阅读。但安德森认为，看电视的时间长短与阅读能力无关）以及第四段Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it.（传统观点还认为，过度看电视会降低智商，影响学习成绩。但这里，安德森也指出，没有研究证明这一点）可推知这篇文章的主要目的是介绍安德森的非传统思想。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___16___Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the “speaking. ” ___17___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___18___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___19___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___20___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
【16题详解】
本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
【17题详解】
下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是错误的做法，A项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故选A。
【18题详解】
本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲出错的方法。故选C。
【19题详解】
本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目标是什么。B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选B。
【20题详解】
下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共三节, 满分45分)
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A 、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黒。
When I was little and something difficult happened,I would look to my mother for comfort and guidance. She was always there for me, helping me ____21____the issue.No matter what,my mom had a ____22____outlook (人生观)．
At the time, I had no knowledge of the difficulties and ____23____she had experienced. Growing up during the Great Depression, my mom lost two sisters and had to ____24____her paraplegic (下身瘫痪的)youngest sister.
To me, my mother defines resilience (快速恢复的能力).She had such strong faith and was a very ____25____and positive person. Our house was like a central hub (核心)for family and friends; no one ever left hungry or without feeling a bit ____26____than they did when they arrived.
As a child, one thing my mother would often say to me was, “this too shall pass." At first, I found this ____27____ .What I was dealing with seemed like the most____28____thing ever! How would it get better? As I matured, I____29____she was right. Life moves on and we all have a____30____to move forward or back. She always chose to move forward.
“This too shall pass" doesn't mean that the problem will magically____31____. Rather, it can lead to a very reflective thought process that ____32____you to find inner strength to____33____the challenge at hand.
So as you face difficulties and challenges. I ____34____my mother's advice will help you choose to move forward, find____35____and make the best of what life has to offer.
21. A. work through B. believe in C. focus on D. worry about
22. A. simple B. similar C. positive D. new
23. A. shame B. losses C. arguments D. competition
24. A. remind B. trust C. respect D. support
25. A. different B. interesting C. giving D. normal
26. A. safer B. busier C. smarter D. better
27. A. annoying B. frightening C. surprising D. appealing
28. A. enjoyable B. difficult C. boring D. valuable
29. A. realized B. imagined C. doubted D. expected
30. A. right B. choice C. responsibility D. way
31. A. change B. develop C. disappear D. continue
32. A. forces B. helps C. warms D. persuades
33. A. answer B. accept C. understand D. address
34. A. agree B. wonder C. hope D. remember
35. A. solutions B. challenges C. results D. purposes
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者遇到困难和挑战时，母亲总是会说“This too shall pass”来鼓励作者继续前进，克服困难和挑战，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。 句意：她总是在我身边，帮我解决问题。A. work through解决，克服；B. believe in相信；C. focus on关注；D. worry about担心。根据前文“I would look to my mother for comfort and guidance. ”可知，因为作者会会向母亲寻求安慰和指导，所以此处指母亲会帮助我解决问题。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，我妈妈都是乐观的。A. simple简单的；B. similar相似的；C. positive乐观的，积极的；D. new新的。根据后文“She had such strong faith and was a very 5 and positive person. ”可知，作者的妈妈是一个乐观的人。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，我并不知道她所经历的困难和损失。A. shame羞愧；B. losses损失；C. arguments争论；D. competition竞争。根据空前“ the difficulties”可知，空处需用名词losses与之并列，表示母亲经历的困难和损失。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲成长于大萧条时期，她失去了两个妹妹，不得不赡养截瘫的妹妹。A. remind提醒；B. trust相信；C. respect尊重；D. support支持,赡养。根据后文“her paraplegic (下身瘫痪的)youngest sister.”可知，此处指母亲不得不赡养下身瘫痪的妹妹。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她有着坚定的信念，是一个非常乐于助人和积极的人。A.different不同的；B.interesting有趣的；C. giving乐于助人的；D. normal正常的。对比空后“and positive person.”和句意可知，作者母亲是一个乐于助人而且积极向上的人。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的房子就像家人和朋友的中心;离开时，没有人会感到饥饿，或者感觉比刚来的时候好一点。A. safer更安全的；B. busier更忙碌的；C. smarter更聪明的；D. better更好的。根据前文“Our house was like a central hub (核心)for family and friends;”可知，因为房子就像家人和朋友的中心，所以离开时感觉比刚来时好一些。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我觉得这很烦人。A. annoying烦人的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据后文“ How would it get better?”可知，作者对母亲说的这句话“this too shall pass.”感到厌烦。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我正在处理的事情似乎是有史以来最困难的事情！A. enjoyable令人愉快的；B. difficult困难的；C. boring无聊的；D. valuable珍贵的。根据后文“How would it get better?”可知，作者询问如何变得更好，由此可知，作者遇到了困难的事情。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我成熟后，我意识到她是对的。A. realized意识到；B. imagined想象；C. doubted怀疑；D. expected期待。根据前文“As I matured”可知，作者成熟后，意识到母亲做的事情是对的。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活在继续，我们都有前进或后退的选择。A.right权力；B.choice选择；C.responsibility责任；D.way方法。根据后文“She always chose to move forward.”可知，此处指在生活中的选择。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这也会过去”并不意味着问题会神奇地消失。A.change改变；B. develop发展；C. disappear消失；D. continue继续。结合妈妈说的这句话“This too shall pass”可知，此处指问题不会神奇地消失。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，它可以导致一个非常反思的思维过程，帮助你找到内在的力量来应对手头的挑战。A. forces强迫；B. helps帮助；C. warms使变暖；D. persuades说服。根据前文“it can lead to a very reflective thought process”可知，此处指形成一个思维过程帮助你。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.answer回答；B.accept接受；C.understand明白；D.address处理，应对。根据后文“the challenge at hand”可知，此处指应对挑战。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我母亲的建议能帮助你选择前进，找到解决办法，充分利用生活所能提供的一切。A.agree同意；B.wonder想知道；C.hope希望；D.remember记得。根据前文“So as you face difficulties and challenges.”可知，作者表示当面对困难和挑战时，希望母亲的建议会有帮助。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.solutions解决方案；B.challenges挑战；C.results结果；D.purposes目的。结合前一句可知，此处指找到应对困难和挑战的解决方案。故选A。
第II卷 (非选择题共55分)
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It ___36___（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it ___37___ (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of ___38___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days ___39___even a few months. It took years of work___40___(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___41___(clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit ___42___is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are ___43___(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the____44____(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be ____45____ (patience).
【答案】36. was
37. actually
38. the 39. or
40. to reduce
41. cleaner
42. thatwhich
43. amazing
44. changes
45. patient
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章通过克利夫兰凯霍加河的成功治理为例子，告诉读者任何事物的改变都是一个渐渐的过程，要有耐心。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：它能够被清理干净是难以想象的事情。根据“it could ever be cleaned up”可知，这里考查主句的一般过去式的谓语动词形式，it是形式主语，be动词用单数形式，that后面是真正的主语从句。故填was。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：这条河污染的如此严重以至于它实际上都可以直接着火燃烧了。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词修饰动词caught。故填actually。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：现在，好多年过去了，这条河是环境清理最好的典范之一。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词最高级most outstanding前面用定冠词the。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：但是这条河不是在几天甚至几个月就被改变的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查并列连词，表示“或者”的意思。故填or。
40题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：花了好多年的努力才减少了工业污染让水变得干净的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词不定式做真正的主语，it做形式主语。故填to reduce。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最后，辛苦的努力终于有了回报，并且现在河里的水比以前更干净了。根据句子结构和意思可知，空格后面有than ever，所以这里考查形容词的比较级结构。故填cleaner。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：也许，也许你留下了一个让你的家人抓狂的习惯。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是habit，在从句中做主语，指物。故填that/which。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然有许多瞬间转变的故事，但是对我们大部分人来说，改变是一个渐渐的过程，并且要求许多的努力，就像清理一条被污染的河流一样。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词做定语，修饰后面的名词stories，表示“令人吃惊的”意思。故填amazing。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：见第8题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这句话的谓语动词是are，所以这里考查可数名词复数做主语。故填changes。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：要耐心些。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词做表语，表示“有耐心的”意思。故填patient。
第三节 阅读下列各题，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
46. With his attention ___________(focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him．
【答案】focused
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意：他全神贯注在他的作业上，完全忘了我告诉他的事情。His attention与focus之间是被动关系，所以使用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填focused。
47. I want to make a good first ________(impress). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】impression
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我想给人留下一个好第一印象。分析句子结构可知，在a和first后要使用名词形式，构成短语make a good first impression“留下良好的第一印象”，故填impression。
48. Many young people were deeply ________ (affect) by his story and began to do volunteer work for the disabled. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】affected
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：许多年轻人深受他的故事影响，开始为残疾人做志愿工作。根据句型分析和句意可知，此空应填谓语动词，且主语Many young people与谓语affect为被动关系，所以这里应用过去分词结构。故填affected。
49. In the botanical garden we find a ________ (vary) of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】variety
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在植物园里，我们发现了各种各样的植物，从高大的树木到小花。根据句型分析和句意可知，冠词a后面应加名词，所以应填variety，为名词。故填variety。
50. I ’ m writing to ________ (application) for the position. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】apply
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我写信申请这个职位。根据句型分析和句意可知，此空前的to 和后面动词构成不定式to do 结构，表目的，所以应填apply，为动词。故填apply。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）
第一节 （满分 15 分）
51. 假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛(speech contest)，打算邀请附近某大学的外籍教师Smith女士来做评委（judge）,请根据以下内容给她写一封信。
主题：人与自然
时间：6月15日下午2：00一5：O0
地点：501教室
参赛选手：10名学生
联系人：李华(电话44876655)
注意：词数80左右。
【答案】Dear Mrs Smith,
I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university. I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will be held in our school on June 15. It will start at 2:00 p.m. and last for about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic "Man and Nature" in classroom 501.
We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions.
I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给附近某大学的外籍教师Smith女士写一封信，邀请她来做评委（judge），内容包括：主题：人与自然；时间：6月15日下午2：00一5：00；地点：501教室；参赛选手：10名学生；联系人：李华(电话44876655)
【详解】1.词汇积累
主席：chairman→president
演讲比赛：speech contest→speech competition
开始：start→begin
发表演讲：deliver a speech→address a speech
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic "Man and Nature" in classroom 501.
拓展句：Ten students who have known the given topic "Man and Nature" in advance, will deliver their speeches in classroom 501.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I'm Li Hua, chairman of the Students' Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I'm writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest which will be held in our school on June 15. (运用了which引导的定语从句)
第二节 (满分20分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
Once there was a girl named Vivian who was the only child of her father. Her father was a big and successful businessman who owned seven star restaurants. He did everything only for his daughter.
Vivian was sent to the best university abroad. Although she had everything, the only thing she never owned was respect of other people.
When Vivian came back after her graduation and her father asked her to join his company as an accountant, she was naturally not happy with that. She wanted to work in a higher post but her father wanted her to start as an ordinary girl.
“Dad, I studied in the most outstanding university abroad and got a better education than any of the employees who work under you. Still, you want me to work under them?" said Vivian unhappily.
Vivian's father looked at her with a smile on his face. Vivian was annoyed by her father's reaction but she agreed to work as an accountant in the end.
After some months, there was an emergency situation in the company.One of the restaurants was short of employees because of a sudden resignation (辞职），so they were short on people to do other chores around the place and cook food fast. Vivian's father asked her to help that restaurant with him and the other employees.
When she entered the restaurant, she was hit by the air of tension around the employees. Everybody was busy doing something or other and there was a mess around the restaurant. When she went in the back of the kitchen, she saw a tower of unwashed dishes.
Her father neared her in a hurry and asked her, “Vivian, thank goodness, you are here. Darling, will you please help us and do the dishes?" He patted her on her shoulder and left her to do the dishes.
She looked at the dirty plates and spoons that were piled up before her.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“I didn't study my whole life and come first in everything to do this!”Vivian thought.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Vivian's father picked up the gloves, put them on and started doing the dishes himself.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 “I didn't study my whole life and come first in everything to do this!” Vivian thought. She was down in the dumps and left the kitchen. But after a while she heard her father saying, “Vivian, sweetheart, you didn’t do the dishes? Go on, do it.” But Vivian ignored him deliberately. Her father looked at her in confusion but then he realized why his daughter was behaving like this. Obviously he was aware of his daughter’s thinking. So, he started making his way towards the back of the kitchen.
Vivian’s father picked up the gloves, put them on and started doing the dishes himself. “Dad, what are you doing? You are not an ordinary employee!” said Vivian. “Darling, I have always been an ordinary man. I worked hard for you just as these employees’ parents must have done,” her father replied. Vivian was overcome with regret and took the gloves off his hands immediately. “You are not seriously thinking that I am going to let you do these without offering my help?” Vivian said and then they both laughed.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Vivian是一位成功商人的独生女，大学毕业后他被父亲叫去他的公司当会计，几个月后，公司出现了紧急情况，其中一家餐厅因员工突然辞职而出现员工短缺，父亲叫她去帮忙洗碗的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““我这辈子都没学过，样样都是第一!”薇薇安想到”可知，第一段可描写如何不愿意洗碗。
②由第二段首句内容“薇薇安的父亲拿起手套，戴上，开始自己洗碗”可知，第二段可描写Vivian的父亲如何劝导女儿。
2.续写线索：离开厨房——不理——（父亲）去厨房——拿下手套
3.词汇激活
行为类
①离开厨房：leave the kitchen/get out of the kitchen
②不理：ignore/disregard
③去厨房：make his way towards the back of the kitchen/head for the back of the kitchen
④拿下手套：take the gloves off his hands/remove the gloves from his hands
情绪类
①情绪低落：down in the dumps/downhearted
②困惑地：in confusion/confusedly
③后悔地：with regret/repentantly
【点睛】[高分句型1]Her father looked at her in confusion but then he realized why his daughter was behaving like this.（由连接词why引导的宾语从句作realized的宾语）
[高分句型2]You are not seriously thinking that I am going to let you do these without offering my help?（由关系代词that引导宾语从句，动名词作宾语）
听力答案：1-5 BABAB 6-10 CACAC 11-15 BACBA 16-20 CBCAC
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