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上海市文建中学2022-2023学年高一上学期英语期中考试试卷
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这是一份上海市文建中学2022-2023学年高一上学期英语期中考试试卷，共30页。试卷主要包含了A.At 10，A.Stressed.，A.Lud.等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年上海市文建中学高一（上）期中英语试卷
Listening Comprehension（20分）.
1．（1分）A.At 10：00.
B.At 10：10.
C.At 10：20.
D.At 10：30.
2．（1分）A.On a boat trip.
B.In a cinema.
C.At the beach.
D.At the restaurant.
3．（1分）A.Plan her budget carefully.
B.Buy a gift for her mother.
C.Give him more information.
D.Ask someone else for suggestions.
4．（1分）A.Doctor and patient.
B.Customer and salesgirl.
C.Man and wife.
D.Customer and waitress.
5．（1分）A.Stressed.
B.Dissatisfied.
C.Bored .
D.Exhausted.
6．（1分）A.Fine her for breaking the traffic regulation.
B.Teach her how to drive in the one﹣way street.
C.Show her the way to the police station.
D.Let her go without any punishment.
7．（1分）A.The kids went to see a movie.
B.The kids were happy.
C.The children changed the plan.
D.The woman broke her promise.
8．（1分）A.She didn't feel well.
B.She went dancing early.
C.She came down to go dancing.
D.She got mad at the woman.
9．（1分）A.Loud.
B.boring.
C.Funny.
D.Exciting.
10．（1分）A.He is not surprised at the woman's playing at a concert tomorrow.
B.He won't give the woman a surprise at the concert tomorrow.
C.He understands the woman's nervous feeling and thinks it normal.
D.He will also play at the concert tomorrow with the woman.
Section B
11．（3分）（1）A.There are too many people and cars around you.
B.The taxi driver talks to you all the time.
C.Singers or sports announcers tell you what you should be careful about in person.
D.The voice of a famous person gives you warning messages.
（2）A.More than 12，000.
B.Over 15，000.
C.About 11.000.
D.Less than 10，000.
（3）A.The passengers won't fasten the seat belt.
B.The passengers will complain.
C.The driver will be punished financially.
D.The driver.will be awarded ﹩100.
12．（3分）（1）A.Pink.
B.Green.
C.Purple.
D.White.
（2）A.Recycling is compulsory.
B.Most recycling programs don't succeed in that people don't want to deliver rubbish.
C.The primary work of the volunteers is to，collect and sort rubbish to the same center.
D.The volunteers will devote six﹣hours a week to dealing with rubbish.
（3）A.To explain why recycling is important.
B.To describe the.recycling program.
C.To discuss whether or not recycling should be compulsory.
D.To tell people how to tell different sorts of rubbish cans apart.
13．（4分）（1）A.A pilot.
B.A nurse.
C.An airhostess.
D.A language teacher.
（2）A.She is fluent in English.
B.She likes dealing with people.
C.Flying in the sky is her dream.
D：She is keen on travelling.
（3）A.Friendly but timid.
B.Beautiful and easy﹣going.
C.Open﹣minded and flexible.
D.Imaginative and warm﹣hearted.
（4）A.The woman is nearsighted.
B.The result of the interview was announced right after，it was finished.
C.The woman sometimes hesitates to express her dislike for others' behaviours.
D.One's height is not required for the job.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分，共20分）’
14．（10分）Directions：After reading the passage below，fill.In the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.
I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as' if it were yesterday.
It was a sunny day.Eager to spend some time outside，I went up the mountain with my uncle.The mountain was hard（1） （ climb） and had tough rocks and streams on it.In the end，（2） （exhaust） and hot，I couldn't go any further.So we went back down the mountain in the end.
On the way back down，my uncle asked me a question，（3） left me speechless for a second："What's your dream，young lady？"
"I have no idea，"I answered（4） thinking it for a while.Then he smiled and told me about his story.He didn't perform well at school when he was of student：Although nobody thought he could succeed，he knew clearly（5） his dream was﹣﹣﹣﹣ to be a businessman."I.knew I wasn't gifted when it came to studying，so I fried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class，"he told me.After he left school，he started selling different items to find out which one was﹣most attractive to customers.Of course，he often had no money in his pocket，but no matter how tough life was，he never gave up， " There is no doubt that a person（6） puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point.The meaning of life is to chase your dream，"he said gently.
That night I（7） hardly fall asleep.I lay in bed tossing and turning，asking myself，"What's my motivation？"
I once wanted to be a top student，but the hard work needed﹣ meant（8） （put） everything into following my passion.If I find myself lacking willpower，whit should I do？Leaving home early the next morning，I climbed the mountain again by（9） It made' me think：If we don't experience the climb，how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain？In the end，I reached the top and（10） （fascinate） by the warm breeze and sunshine.Nothing.could be more pleasant than that.
Section B
15．（10分）
A.feature B.eco﹣friendly C.announced D.imports E.digital.F.budget G.extensively H.acquire I.technology J.competitiveness K.crucial
China Set to Make Own Ballpoint Pen Tips（圆珠笔笔头）
One of China's major stainless steel（不锈钢） producers has independently developed the special steel needed to make the ballpoint pen tips and plans to mass﹣produce the material to.replace（1） in two years.
The group has spent five years on research and development to（2） the technology，ending a long﹣term Chinese reliance（依赖） on foreign pen tips.
Without this technology，China's pen manufacturers，which produce 38 billion 'ballpoint pens per year，have had to buy the（3） parts from overseas markets，costing the industry﹩17.3 million a year，according to the China National Light Industry Council.
" It will be one of our（4） products in the long run，and we will try more materials for tips of ballpoint pens to remain competitive，"'said Li Jianmin，director of TISCO's research and development center.
Wang Huimian，TISCO's﹣ senior engineer，said the company will invest more（5）__ and manpower to develop next﹣ generation ballpoint pen tips in a（n）（6） way to further compete with rivals（竞争对手） in Japan and Switzerland.
" If these factors are ignored，its（7） won't attract customers." said Wing.
The successful home﹣ made pen tips have also won wide popularity on（8）__ social platform because a wide range of netizens（ 网民） believe that it is going to motivate our 'national manufacturer？
Making such products requires high﹣ precision（9） .Special microelements must be added to liquid steel to make a quality tip that can write continually for at least 800'meters.
Eager.to enhance its earning ability，the company（10） that it planned to produce﹣10.5 million metric tons of steel this year，including 4.5 million stainless steel products.
Zhao Ying，a researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing，said，"All these elements can be reached only through long﹣term investment and increasing development，"he said.
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension（共30分）
16．（10分）
China and India are Rebuilding the Green World
Over the last two decades，the Earth has seen an increase in foliage（植物） around，the planet，measured in average leaf area per year' on plants and trees.Data' from NASA﹣ satellites（卫星）shows that China and India.two（1） economies' with the world's biggest populations﹣ are（2） the increase in.greening on land.The effect comes mostly from（3） tree﹣ planting programs in China and intensive agriculture（精耕细作） in both countries.
Researchers from Boston University found that global green leaf area has increased by five percent since the early 2000s，an area（4） to the entire Amazon rainforest.（亚马逊热带雨林）The study was also published in the journal Nature Sustainability on February 11.It revealed that at least 25 percent of the global plant（5） this century came in China.
" China and India（6） one﹣ third of the greening，but contain only nine percent of the planet's land area covered in vegetation，" said lead author Chi Chen of Boston University. "That is a surprising finding，considering the general idea of land degradation（退化） in populous（人口多） countries from（7） ."
China's（8） contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to protect and expand forests，accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution.These programs were developed in sin effort to（9） the effects of air pollution，soil，erosion and climate change.
Another 32 percent of the greening change in China，and 82 percent in India，resulted from intensive（10） of food crops.The land area，used to grow，crops in China，and﹣ India has not changed much since the early 2000s.
（1）A.developing
B.declining
C.stimulating
D.fading
（2）A.imposing on
B.contributing to
C.leading to
D.creating for
（3）A.digital
B.extreme
C.harmonious
D.ambitious
（4）A.distant
B.equal
C.related
D.resistant.
（5）A.expansion
B.substitution
C.innovation
D.correction
（6）A.make up
B.take in
C.stand for
D.consist of
（7）A.over﹣reaction
B.over﹣planting
C.over﹣generation
D.over﹣explanation
（8）A.considerate
B.grateful
C.huge
D.regular
（9）A.forbid
B.investigate
C.boost
D.reduce
（10）A.cultivation
B.demand
C.destruction
D.supply
Section B
17．（6分）The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world．Think about how we greet people．In some languages，the phrases for greetings contain the word for peace．In some cultures we greet people by shaking hands or with another gesture to show that we are not carrying weapons ﹣ that we come in peace．And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognize as representing peace．Let's look at a few of them．
The dove
The dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for thousands of years in many different cultures．In ancient Greek mythology it was a symbol of love and the renewal of life．In ancient Japan a dove carrying a sword symbolized the end of war．There was a tradition in Europe that if a dove flew around a house where someone was dying then their soul would be at peace．And there are legends which say that the devil can turn himself into any bird except for a dove．In Christian art，the dove was used to symbolize the Holy Ghost and was often painted above Christ's head．But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949．
The rainbow
The rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol，often representing the connection between human beings and their gods．In Greek mythology it was associated with Iris，the goddess who brought messages from the gods on Mount Olympus．In Scandinavian mythology the rainbow was a bridge between the gods and the earth．In the Bible a rainbow showed Noah that the Biblical flood was finally over，and that God had forgiven his people．In the Chinese tradition，the rainbow is a common symbol for marriage because the colours represent the union of yin and yang．Nowadays the rainbow is used by many popular movements for peace and the environment，representing the possibility of a better world in the future and promising sunshine after the rain．
The olive branch
The olive tree has always been a valuable source of food and oil．In Greek mythology，the goddess Athena gave the olive tree to the people of Athens，who showed their gratitude by naming the city after her．But no one knows for sure when or why it began to symbolize peace．There is probably a connection with ancient Greece．Wars between states were suspended during the Olympic Games，and the winners were given crowns of olive branches．The symbolism may come from the fact that the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit，so olives could only be cultivated successfully in long periods of peace．Whatever the history，the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolizing peace and unity．One well﹣known example is the United Nations symbol．
（1）Who played the major role in making the dove a modern symbol of peace？
A．Pablo Picasso．
B．A god in Greek mythology．
C．Jesus Christ．
D．Ancient Japanese．
（2）How many examples does the writer give to show the rainbow as a universal symbol of peace？
A．Two．
B．Three．
C．Four．
D．Five．
（3）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？
A．Different Concepts of Peace．
B．The popularity of Peace Symbols．
C．The Origins of Peace Symbols．
D．Cultural Differences in Peace．
18．（6分）
Where to Drink
Cafe San Bernardo
Join table﹣tennis and pool﹣playing port．Cafe San Bernardo has been running since 1912．
The Villa Crespo dive bar also offers up table football for￡4 an hour．Service is efficient；with last orders at 5am．The daily happy hour between 6 pm and 9 pm includes 60 minutes playing your game of choice，plus a half﹣bottle of red wine and a corn pie，for￡9．
●Avenue Corrientes 5436，Villa Crespo，5411 4855 3956，cafesanbernardo．com
M Salumeria & Enoteca
Trading only in wine with a story，sommelier （侍酒师）Mariana Torta chooses new ways on a daily basis，and keeps a list of around 250 labels．There's no wine menu﹣simply take your bottle from the shelf．
●Open 11：00 am﹣11：30 pm，El Salvador 5777，Palermo Hollywood，5411 4778 9016，on Facebook
Negro Cueva de Cafe
Coffee has found its place in Buenos Aires．While LAB：Tostadores，The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places，Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown．It serves Ecuadorian，Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant．
●Open 9：30 am﹣7：00 pm，Suipacha 637，Microcentro，5411 4322 3000，negrocuevade﹣cafe．com
La Calle
Head to the Niceto Vega address and you'II be faced with a pizza．Don't worry，it's the right place．La Guitarrita is the front to"hidden"bar La Calle．Order the house cocktail，special candy，and prepare to sing until dawn with a high﹣energy young crowd．
●Open 8：00 pm﹣2：00 am，Niceto Vega 4942，Palermo Soho，5411 3914 1972，on Facebook
（1）Which number should you call if you are an addict of Columbian coffee flavour？
A．5411 4855 3956．
B．5411 4778 9016．
C．5411 4322 3000．
D．5411 3914 1972．
（2）What makes La Calle different？
A．Its allowing you to play games．
B．Its having no wine menu．
C．Its opening for the longest time．
D．Its having special candy．
（3）The author's purpose in writing the passage is ．
A．to show wine culture
B．to introduce some wine bars
C．to help people choose drinks
D．to show how to enjoy yourself．
Section C
19．（8分）A.There are many ways for parents to deal with the problems.
B.The mess can disturb the whole household.
C.Parents are all angry at it.
D.Humor can help，too.
E.Parenting experts also recommend that parents first ask children in a nice way to clean up and agree on a reasonable time limit.
F.What doesn't work，parenting experts say，is constant lectures，verbal threats or getting very angry.
An 18﹣year﹣girl Kayla Perkins explains what is in her bedroom， "I throw something on the floor and I know right where it is." However，her parents，Steve and Deborah Perkins，of Mckinney，Texas，haven't caught on.Even Kayla admits that，at the worst，her room is a mess.
Most families at some point have at least one child whose room looks like a landfill.（1） Dirty clothes pile up；dirty dishes get lost in the mess and smell bad；homework is lost；and valuable things are ruined.
Some parents let it go，believing that a bedroom is private space for children to manage as they wish.Others lecture their children，offer rewards for cleaning，or punish them when they don't.（2）
Mrs.Perkins says they picked up all the clothes on Kayla's floor and hid them.They cleaned everything up.When Kayla came back to a bare bedroom，there was screaming and shouting，"How can I live without my clothes？" Mrs.Perkins asked Kayla to earn her clothes back by doing housework.These days，she keeps her room clean.
（3） For example，since Jessica，the 14﹣year﹣old daughter wasn't bothered by the dirty clothes all over her floor，the whole family started using her room as a place to store dirty clothes.Her attitude changed after her family did that.By the time she gave in and cleaned up her room a few days later，even she was laughing.
（4） Children often behave better if you treat them in the way you would want to be treated by your boss at work﹣with respect and high expectations.
V. Translation（15分）
20．（5分）相较于定外卖，我更喜欢自己在家做饭，因为塑料盒不能回收，而且会产生大量的碳足迹。（recycle）
21．（5分）牛肉不环保，不是因为它需要冷冻和运输服务，而是因为它产生的温室气体相当于两百万辆汽车。（amount）
22．（5分）毫无疑问，温室气体对环境的影响日益严重，因此，公司需要发展各种节能产品。（impact）
VI. Guided Writing
23．（15分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
近日，明启中学发起了一项针对高中生饮食的一项调查。调查发现，超过半数以上的学生喜欢点外卖（order take﹣away）。你是否支持点外卖？
你的内容需要包括：
1、你的观点；
2、你的理由。
（文中不得出现考生姓名、学校等任何真实信息）
2022-2023学年上海市文建中学高一（上）期中英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
Listening Comprehension（20分）.
1．（1分）A.At 10：00.
B.At 10：10.
C.At 10：20.
D.At 10：30.
【考点】听录音选单词/词组．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
2．（1分）A.On a boat trip.
B.In a cinema.
C.At the beach.
D.At the restaurant.
【考点】听录音选单词/词组．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
3．（1分）A.Plan her budget carefully.
B.Buy a gift for her mother.
C.Give him more information.
D.Ask someone else for suggestions.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
4．（1分）A.Doctor and patient.
B.Customer and salesgirl.
C.Man and wife.
D.Customer and waitress.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
5．（1分）A.Stressed.
B.Dissatisfied.
C.Bored .
D.Exhausted.
【考点】听录音选单词/词组．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
6．（1分）A.Fine her for breaking the traffic regulation.
B.Teach her how to drive in the one﹣way street.
C.Show her the way to the police station.
D.Let her go without any punishment.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
7．（1分）A.The kids went to see a movie.
B.The kids were happy.
C.The children changed the plan.
D.The woman broke her promise.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
8．（1分）A.She didn't feel well.
B.She went dancing early.
C.She came down to go dancing.
D.She got mad at the woman.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
9．（1分）A.Loud.
B.boring.
C.Funny.
D.Exciting.
【考点】听录音选单词/词组．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
10．（1分）A.He is not surprised at the woman's playing at a concert tomorrow.
B.He won't give the woman a surprise at the concert tomorrow.
C.He understands the woman's nervous feeling and thinks it normal.
D.He will also play at the concert tomorrow with the woman.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
Section B
11．（3分）（1）A.There are too many people and cars around you.
B.The taxi driver talks to you all the time.
C.Singers or sports announcers tell you what you should be careful about in person.
D.The voice of a famous person gives you warning messages.
（2）A.More than 12，000.
B.Over 15，000.
C.About 11.000.
D.Less than 10，000.
（3）A.The passengers won't fasten the seat belt.
B.The passengers will complain.
C.The driver will be punished financially.
D.The driver.will be awarded ﹩100.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
12．（3分）（1）A.Pink.
B.Green.
C.Purple.
D.White.
（2）A.Recycling is compulsory.
B.Most recycling programs don't succeed in that people don't want to deliver rubbish.
C.The primary work of the volunteers is to，collect and sort rubbish to the same center.
D.The volunteers will devote six﹣hours a week to dealing with rubbish.
（3）A.To explain why recycling is important.
B.To describe the.recycling program.
C.To discuss whether or not recycling should be compulsory.
D.To tell people how to tell different sorts of rubbish cans apart.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
13．（4分）（1）A.A pilot.
B.A nurse.
C.An airhostess.
D.A language teacher.
（2）A.She is fluent in English.
B.She likes dealing with people.
C.Flying in the sky is her dream.
D：She is keen on travelling.
（3）A.Friendly but timid.
B.Beautiful and easy﹣going.
C.Open﹣minded and flexible.
D.Imaginative and warm﹣hearted.
（4）A.The woman is nearsighted.
B.The result of the interview was announced right after，it was finished.
C.The woman sometimes hesitates to express her dislike for others' behaviours.
D.One's height is not required for the job.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分，共20分）’
14．（10分）Directions：After reading the passage below，fill.In the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.
I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as' if it were yesterday.
It was a sunny day.Eager to spend some time outside，I went up the mountain with my uncle.The mountain was hard（1） to climb （ climb） and had tough rocks and streams on it.In the end，（2） exhausted （exhaust） and hot，I couldn't go any further.So we went back down the mountain in the end.
On the way back down，my uncle asked me a question，（3） which left me speechless for a second："What's your dream，young lady？"
"I have no idea，"I answered（4） after thinking it for a while.Then he smiled and told me about his story.He didn't perform well at school when he was of student：Although nobody thought he could succeed，he knew clearly（5） what his dream was﹣﹣﹣﹣ to be a businessman."I.knew I wasn't gifted when it came to studying，so I fried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class，"he told me.After he left school，he started selling different items to find out which one was﹣most attractive to customers.Of course，he often had no money in his pocket，but no matter how tough life was，he never gave up， " There is no doubt that a person（6） who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point.The meaning of life is to chase your dream，"he said gently.
That night I（7） could hardly fall asleep.I lay in bed tossing and turning，asking myself，"What's my motivation？"
I once wanted to be a top student，but the hard work needed﹣ meant（8） putting （put） everything into following my passion.If I find myself lacking willpower，whit should I do？Leaving home early the next morning，I climbed the mountain again by（9） myself It made' me think：If we don't experience the climb，how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain？In the end，I reached the top and（10） was fascinated （fascinate） by the warm breeze and sunshine.Nothing.could be more pleasant than that.
【考点】日常生活；记叙文．版权所有
【分析】本文为记叙文，住哟啊讲述了作者爬山的感受。
【解答】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：这座山很难攀登，上面有坚硬的岩石和溪流。sth be adj+to do表示"做某事……"，故用动词不定式，故填to climb。
（2）考查形容词。句意：最后，我筋疲力尽，浑身发热，再也走不下去了。此处用形容词与hot并列，修饰I，作状语，表示"筋疲力尽的"，故填exhausted。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：在回去的路上，我叔叔问了我一个问题，这让我一时无语。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为question，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（4）考查介词。句意：我想了一会儿才回答。after表示"在……之后"，符合句意，故填after。
（5）考查宾语从句。句意：虽然没有人认为他能成功，但他清楚地知道自己的梦想是什么﹣﹣成为一名商人。此处引导knew的宾语从句，从句中缺少was的表语，表示"他的梦想"，故填what。
（6）考查定语从句。句意：毫无疑问，一个为实现自己的目标付出巨大努力的人，在某个时刻会有好运。此处引导定语从句，先行词为person，在从句中作主语，故填who。
（7）考查动词时态。句意：那天晚上我几乎无法入睡。结合句意和That night可知，此处用一般过去时，表示"能够"，故填could。
（8）考查动名词。句意：我曾经想成为一名优等生，但所需要的努力﹣﹣意味着一切都要追随我的热情。mean doing表示"意味着做某事"，故填putting。
（9）考查反身代词。句意：第二天一早离开家，我又一次独自爬山了。by oneself表示"独自一人"，故用反身代词，故填myself。
（10）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：最后，我到达了山顶，被温暖的微风和阳光迷住了。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语为I，且与fascinate之间是被动关系，故填was fascinated。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
Section B
15．（10分）
A.feature B.eco﹣friendly C.announced D.imports E.digital.F.budget G.extensively H.acquire I.technology J.competitiveness K.crucial
China Set to Make Own Ballpoint Pen Tips（圆珠笔笔头）
One of China's major stainless steel（不锈钢） producers has independently developed the special steel needed to make the ballpoint pen tips and plans to mass﹣produce the material to.replace（1） D in two years.
The group has spent five years on research and development to（2） H the technology，ending a long﹣term Chinese reliance（依赖） on foreign pen tips.
Without this technology，China's pen manufacturers，which produce 38 billion 'ballpoint pens per year，have had to buy the（3） K parts from overseas markets，costing the industry﹩17.3 million a year，according to the China National Light Industry Council.
" It will be one of our（4） A products in the long run，and we will try more materials for tips of ballpoint pens to remain competitive，"'said Li Jianmin，director of TISCO's research and development center.
Wang Huimian，TISCO's﹣ senior engineer，said the company will invest more（5） F and manpower to develop next﹣ generation ballpoint pen tips in a（n）（6） B way to further compete with rivals（竞争对手） in Japan and Switzerland.
" If these factors are ignored，its（7） J won't attract customers." said Wing.
The successful home﹣ made pen tips have also won wide popularity on（8） E social platform because a wide range of netizens（ 网民） believe that it is going to motivate our 'national manufacturer？
Making such products requires high﹣ precision（9） I .Special microelements must be added to liquid steel to make a quality tip that can write continually for at least 800'meters.
Eager.to enhance its earning ability，the company（10） C that it planned to produce﹣10.5 million metric tons of steel this year，including 4.5 million stainless steel products.
Zhao Ying，a researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing，said，"All these elements can be reached only through long﹣term investment and increasing development，"he said.
【考点】科普知识；说明文．版权所有
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了中国圆珠笔制造业研发出具有中国特色的圆珠，给该行业在中国的发展提供了保障。
【解答】（1）考查不可数名词。句意：中国主要不锈钢之一生产商已经独立开发了制造圆珠笔笔尖所需的特殊钢材，并计划在两年内大规模生产这种材料，以取代进口。结合句意表示"进口"，故填import。故选D。
（2）考查动词。句意：该集团花了五年时间进行研发以获得这项技术，结束了中国人对外国笔尖的长期依赖。结合句意表示"获得"，故填acquire。故选H。
（3）考查形容词。句意：如果没有这项技术，每年生产380亿支圆珠笔的中国钢笔制造商不得不从海外市场购买关键部件，根据中国轻工业协会的数据，这使该行业每年花费1730万。修饰后文名词parts应用形容词，且结合句意表示"关键的"，故填crucial。故选K。
（4）考查形容词。句意："从长远来看，这将是我们的特色产品之一，我们将尝试更多圆珠笔笔尖的材料，以保持竞争力。修饰后文名词products应用形容词，且结合句意表示"特色的"，故填feature。故选A。
（5）考查不可数名词。句意：太钢高级工程师王惠棉表示，该公司将投入更多的预算和人力，以环保的方式开发下一代圆珠笔笔尖，以进一步在日本和瑞士与竞争对手竞争。结合句意表示"预算"，故填budget。故选F。
（6）考查形容词。句意：太钢高级工程师王惠棉表示，该公司将投入更多的预算和人力，以环保的方式开发下一代圆珠笔笔尖，以进一步在日本和瑞士与竞争对手竞争。修饰后文名词way应用形容词，且结合句意表示"环保的"，故填eco﹣friendly。故选B。
（7）考查不可数名词。句意：Wing说："如果忽略这些因素，它的竞争力将无法吸引客户。"结合句意表示"竞争性"，故填competitiveness。故选J。
（8）考查形容词。句意：成功的自制笔尖也在数字社交平台上广受欢迎，因为许多网友认为这将激励我们的"国家制造商"修饰后文名词platform应用形容词，且结合句意表示"数字的"，故填digital。故选E。
（9）考查不可数名词。句意：制造这种产品需要高精度的技术。结合句意表示"技术"，故填technology。故选I。
（10）考查动词时态。句意：为了提高盈利能力，该公司宣布计划今年生产150万公吨钢铁，其中包括450万不锈钢产品。从句中缺少谓语，且表示"宣布"动词为announce，结合后文it planned to 可知为一般过去时，故填announced。故选C。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension（共30分）
16．（10分）
China and India are Rebuilding the Green World
Over the last two decades，the Earth has seen an increase in foliage（植物） around，the planet，measured in average leaf area per year' on plants and trees.Data' from NASA﹣ satellites（卫星）shows that China and India.two（1） A economies' with the world's biggest populations﹣ are（2） C the increase in.greening on land.The effect comes mostly from（3） D tree﹣ planting programs in China and intensive agriculture（精耕细作） in both countries.
Researchers from Boston University found that global green leaf area has increased by five percent since the early 2000s，an area（4） B to the entire Amazon rainforest.（亚马逊热带雨林）The study was also published in the journal Nature Sustainability on February 11.It revealed that at least 25 percent of the global plant（5） A this century came in China.
" China and India（6） A one﹣ third of the greening，but contain only nine percent of the planet's land area covered in vegetation，" said lead author Chi Chen of Boston University. "That is a surprising finding，considering the general idea of land degradation（退化） in populous（人口多） countries from（7） B ."
China's（8） C contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to protect and expand forests，accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution.These programs were developed in sin effort to（9） D the effects of air pollution，soil，erosion and climate change.
Another 32 percent of the greening change in China，and 82 percent in India，resulted from intensive（10） A of food crops.The land area，used to grow，crops in China，and﹣ India has not changed much since the early 2000s.
（1）A.developing
B.declining
C.stimulating
D.fading
（2）A.imposing on
B.contributing to
C.leading to
D.creating for
（3）A.digital
B.extreme
C.harmonious
D.ambitious
（4）A.distant
B.equal
C.related
D.resistant.
（5）A.expansion
B.substitution
C.innovation
D.correction
（6）A.make up
B.take in
C.stand for
D.consist of
（7）A.over﹣reaction
B.over﹣planting
C.over﹣generation
D.over﹣explanation
（8）A.considerate
B.grateful
C.huge
D.regular
（9）A.forbid
B.investigate
C.boost
D.reduce
（10）A.cultivation
B.demand
C.destruction
D.supply
【考点】环境保护；说明文．版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，在过去的20年里，地球上的植物和树木每年都在增加，其中，中国和印度增加的绿化面积最多。
【解答】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.developing发展；B.declining下降；C.stimulating刺激，激励；D.fading逐渐消失。根据空前China and India可知中国和印度这两个世界上人口最多的发展中经济体正在导致陆地绿化的增加。故答案为A。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.imposing on强加于；B.contributing to贡献；C.leading to导致；D.creating for为……创造。根据上句Over the last two decades，the Earth has seen an increase in foliage（植物） around，the planet，measured in average leaf area per year' on plants and trees.可知在过去的二十年里，地球上的植物越来越多，以植物和树木每年的平均叶子面积来衡量。说明美国国家航空航天局的卫星数据显示，中国和印度这两个世界上人口最多的发展中经济体正在导致陆地绿化的增加。故答案为C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.digital数字的；B．extreme极度的；C．harmonious和谐的；D．ambitious有雄心的。根据后文 China's（8）contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to protect and expand forests，accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution.可知中国对全球绿化趋势的巨大贡献很大程度上来自保护和扩大森林的计划，约占绿化贡献的42%。说明这种影响主要来自中国雄心勃勃的植树计划和两国的集约化农业。故答案为D。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A．distant遥远的；B．equal相等的；C．relevant相关的；D．resistant抵抗的。根据上句global green leaf area has increased by five percent since the early 2000s可知自本世纪初以来，全球绿叶面积增加了5% ，相当于整个亚马逊雨林的面积。故答案为B。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A．expansion膨胀；B．substitution代替；C．innovation创新，革靳；D．correction改正，修改。根据后文 China's（8）contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to protect and expand forests，accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution.可知中国对全球绿化趋势的巨大贡献很大程度上来自保护和扩大森林的计划，约占绿化贡献的42%。说明报告显示，本世纪全球植物增加的至少25%来自中国。故答案为A。
（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.make up组成；B．take in吸收，欺骗；C．stand for代表；D．consist of由..组成。根据空后one﹣ third of the greening可知"中国和印度的绿化面积占全球的三分之一，但植被只占地球陆地面积的9% ，"波士顿大学的陈驰（Chi Chen）说。故答案为A。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.over﹣reaction反应过度；B.over﹣planting过度种植；C．over﹣generation过度衍生；D．over﹣explanation过多解释。根据上句That is a surprising finding，considering the general idea of land degradation（退化） in populous（人口多） countries可知这是一个令人惊讶的发现，考虑到人口大国因过度开发而导致土地退化的普遍观点。故答案为B。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.considerate体贴的；B.grateful感激的；C.huge巨大的；D.regular有规律的。根据下句in large part from programs to protect and expand forests，accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution.可知中国对全球绿化趋势的巨大贡献，很大程度上来自于森林保护和扩大，约占全球绿化贡献的42%。故答案为C。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A．forbid禁止；B．investigate调查；C．boost促进；D．reduce减少。根据空后the effects of air pollution，soil，erosion and climate change可知这些项目是为了减少空气污染、土壤侵蚀和气候变化的影响而制定的。故答案为D。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A．cultivation培养，耕作；B．demand要求；C．destruction破坏，毁灭；D．supply供给。另外，中国32%的绿化变化和印度82%的绿化变化是由粮食作物的精耕细作造成的。故答案为A。
【点评】完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
Section B
17．（6分）The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world．Think about how we greet people．In some languages，the phrases for greetings contain the word for peace．In some cultures we greet people by shaking hands or with another gesture to show that we are not carrying weapons ﹣ that we come in peace．And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognize as representing peace．Let's look at a few of them．
The dove
The dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for thousands of years in many different cultures．In ancient Greek mythology it was a symbol of love and the renewal of life．In ancient Japan a dove carrying a sword symbolized the end of war．There was a tradition in Europe that if a dove flew around a house where someone was dying then their soul would be at peace．And there are legends which say that the devil can turn himself into any bird except for a dove．In Christian art，the dove was used to symbolize the Holy Ghost and was often painted above Christ's head．But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949．
The rainbow
The rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol，often representing the connection between human beings and their gods．In Greek mythology it was associated with Iris，the goddess who brought messages from the gods on Mount Olympus．In Scandinavian mythology the rainbow was a bridge between the gods and the earth．In the Bible a rainbow showed Noah that the Biblical flood was finally over，and that God had forgiven his people．In the Chinese tradition，the rainbow is a common symbol for marriage because the colours represent the union of yin and yang．Nowadays the rainbow is used by many popular movements for peace and the environment，representing the possibility of a better world in the future and promising sunshine after the rain．
The olive branch
The olive tree has always been a valuable source of food and oil．In Greek mythology，the goddess Athena gave the olive tree to the people of Athens，who showed their gratitude by naming the city after her．But no one knows for sure when or why it began to symbolize peace．There is probably a connection with ancient Greece．Wars between states were suspended during the Olympic Games，and the winners were given crowns of olive branches．The symbolism may come from the fact that the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit，so olives could only be cultivated successfully in long periods of peace．Whatever the history，the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolizing peace and unity．One well﹣known example is the United Nations symbol．
（1）Who played the major role in making the dove a modern symbol of peace？ A
A．Pablo Picasso．
B．A god in Greek mythology．
C．Jesus Christ．
D．Ancient Japanese．
（2）How many examples does the writer give to show the rainbow as a universal symbol of peace？ D
A．Two．
B．Three．
C．Four．
D．Five．
（3）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？ A
A．Different Concepts of Peace．
B．The popularity of Peace Symbols．
C．The Origins of Peace Symbols．
D．Cultural Differences in Peace．
【考点】社会；说明文．版权所有
【分析】在世界各地的文化中，和平的概念是一个非常重要的概念．不同文化中的人们有不同代表和平的某些符号，本文主要介绍了鸽子、彩虹和橄榄枝三种和平的象征．
【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据第二段的But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949．但正是毕加索在1949年世界和平大会的海报上使用鸽子，使之成为和平的现代象征．可知，毕加索在使鸽子成为和平的现代象征方面发挥了重要作用，故选A．
2．D．细节理解题．根据第三段我们可以找到"In Greek mythology .."In Scandinavian mythology ..""In the Bible.. ""In the Chinese tradition…"Noways.."可知，作者举了5个例子来说明彩虹是和平的普遍象征，故选D．
3．A．主旨大意题．本文主要介绍了在世界各地的文化中，和平的概念是一个非常重要的概念．不同文化中的人们有不同代表和平的某些符号，本文主要介绍了鸽子、彩虹和橄榄枝三种和平的象征．故选A．
【点评】本文是社会文化类阅读，主要考查细节理解题和推理判断题．在做细节理解题时，首先根据题目要求迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语．认真比较选项和文中细节的区别，在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
18．（6分）
Where to Drink
Cafe San Bernardo
Join table﹣tennis and pool﹣playing port．Cafe San Bernardo has been running since 1912．
The Villa Crespo dive bar also offers up table football for￡4 an hour．Service is efficient；with last orders at 5am．The daily happy hour between 6 pm and 9 pm includes 60 minutes playing your game of choice，plus a half﹣bottle of red wine and a corn pie，for￡9．
●Avenue Corrientes 5436，Villa Crespo，5411 4855 3956，cafesanbernardo．com
M Salumeria & Enoteca
Trading only in wine with a story，sommelier （侍酒师）Mariana Torta chooses new ways on a daily basis，and keeps a list of around 250 labels．There's no wine menu﹣simply take your bottle from the shelf．
●Open 11：00 am﹣11：30 pm，El Salvador 5777，Palermo Hollywood，5411 4778 9016，on Facebook
Negro Cueva de Cafe
Coffee has found its place in Buenos Aires．While LAB：Tostadores，The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places，Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown．It serves Ecuadorian，Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant．
●Open 9：30 am﹣7：00 pm，Suipacha 637，Microcentro，5411 4322 3000，negrocuevade﹣cafe．com
La Calle
Head to the Niceto Vega address and you'II be faced with a pizza．Don't worry，it's the right place．La Guitarrita is the front to"hidden"bar La Calle．Order the house cocktail，special candy，and prepare to sing until dawn with a high﹣energy young crowd．
●Open 8：00 pm﹣2：00 am，Niceto Vega 4942，Palermo Soho，5411 3914 1972，on Facebook
（1）Which number should you call if you are an addict of Columbian coffee flavour？ C
A．5411 4855 3956．
B．5411 4778 9016．
C．5411 4322 3000．
D．5411 3914 1972．
（2）What makes La Calle different？ D
A．Its allowing you to play games．
B．Its having no wine menu．
C．Its opening for the longest time．
D．Its having special candy．
（3）The author's purpose in writing the passage is B ．
A．to show wine culture
B．to introduce some wine bars
C．to help people choose drinks
D．to show how to enjoy yourself．
【考点】应用文．版权所有
【分析】本文介绍了四家酒吧．提供的服务，开放时间，电话号码以及网站情况．
【解答】60．C 细节理解题．在Negro Cueva de Cafe中，The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places，Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown．It serves Ecuadorian，Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant．黑人Cueva de咖啡馆是一个最好的咖啡馆在市中心．它为厄瓜多尔和哥伦比亚服务，电话为5411 4322 3000．所以答案选C．
61．D 细节理解题．根据句子Order the house cocktail，special candy．点一杯鸡尾酒，还有特别的糖果，看前文其他店里没有糖果，所以答案选D．
62．B 写作意图题．本文介绍了四家酒吧．提供的服务，开放时间，电话号码以及网站情况．所以本文的目的就是介绍酒吧．故答案选B．
【点评】本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息？或是其变体．搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息．在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节．做这类题一般采用寻读法？即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案．
Section C
19．（8分）A.There are many ways for parents to deal with the problems.
B.The mess can disturb the whole household.
C.Parents are all angry at it.
D.Humor can help，too.
E.Parenting experts also recommend that parents first ask children in a nice way to clean up and agree on a reasonable time limit.
F.What doesn't work，parenting experts say，is constant lectures，verbal threats or getting very angry.
An 18﹣year﹣girl Kayla Perkins explains what is in her bedroom， "I throw something on the floor and I know right where it is." However，her parents，Steve and Deborah Perkins，of Mckinney，Texas，haven't caught on.Even Kayla admits that，at the worst，her room is a mess.
Most families at some point have at least one child whose room looks like a landfill.（1） B Dirty clothes pile up；dirty dishes get lost in the mess and smell bad；homework is lost；and valuable things are ruined.
Some parents let it go，believing that a bedroom is private space for children to manage as they wish.Others lecture their children，offer rewards for cleaning，or punish them when they don't.（2） F
Mrs.Perkins says they picked up all the clothes on Kayla's floor and hid them.They cleaned everything up.When Kayla came back to a bare bedroom，there was screaming and shouting，"How can I live without my clothes？" Mrs.Perkins asked Kayla to earn her clothes back by doing housework.These days，she keeps her room clean.
（3） D For example，since Jessica，the 14﹣year﹣old daughter wasn't bothered by the dirty clothes all over her floor，the whole family started using her room as a place to store dirty clothes.Her attitude changed after her family did that.By the time she gave in and cleaned up her room a few days later，even she was laughing.
（4） E Children often behave better if you treat them in the way you would want to be treated by your boss at work﹣with respect and high expectations.
【考点】人与自我．版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了孩子房间脏乱差的现象，并提出一些改变这种现象的建议。
【解答】（1）B.推理判断题。上文Most families at some point have at least one child whose room looks like a landfill.（大多数家庭在某种程度上至少有一个孩子的房间看起来像垃圾填埋场。）说明家里常常有个孩子的房间垃圾成堆，脏乱差，选项B.The mess can disturb the whole household.（混乱会扰乱整个家庭。）承接上文，进一步说明这种脏乱差的局面造成的影响，引起下文Dirty clothes pile up；dirty dishes get lost in the mess and smell bad；homework is lost；and valuable things are ruined.（脏衣服堆起来；脏盘子在脏乱中丢失，气味难闻；家庭作业弄丢了；有价值的东西都毁了。）具体说明脏乱差造成的不良结果。选项中The mess和上文中a landfill语义相关。故选B。
（2）F.推理判断题。上文Others lecture their children，offer rewards for cleaning，or punish them when they don't.（另一些则会训斥孩子，奖励他们打扫卫生，或者惩罚他们不打扫卫生。）描述了一些家长的做法，选项F.What doesn't work，parenting experts say，is constant lectures，verbal threats or getting very angry.（育儿专家说，不起作用的是不断的说教、口头威胁或非常生气。）承接上文，对上文所描述的家长的做法进行否定。语义通顺，合乎逻辑。故选F。
（3）D.段落大意题。下文For example，since Jessica，the 14﹣year﹣old daughter wasn't bothered by the dirty clothes all over her floor，the whole family started using her room as a place to store dirty clothes.Her attitude changed after her family did that.By the time she gave in and cleaned up her room a few days later，even she was laughing.（例如，由于14岁的女儿Jessica不介意地板上到处都是脏衣服，全家人开始用她的房间作为存放脏衣服的地方。在她的家人这么做后，她的态度改变了。几天后，她让步了，打扫了自己的房间，这时连她自己也笑了。）举例说明家长在处理女儿Jessica脏乱差的问题上采用了近似玩笑的做法，达到了预期效果，选项D.Humor can help，too.（幽默也有帮助。）位于段首，提出一个新颖的用幽默的方式处理孩子脏乱差的方法。语义通顺，合乎逻辑。故选D。
（4）E.段落大意题。下文Children often behave better if you treat them in the way you would want to be treated by your boss at work﹣with respect and high expectations.（如果你用你希望老板在工作中对待你的方式来对待孩子﹣﹣尊重和高期望，他们通常会表现得更好。）说明要用尊重和高期望的方式对待孩子，选项E.Parenting experts also recommend that parents first ask children in a nice way to clean up and agree on a reasonable time limit.（育儿专家还建议父母首先用一种友好的方式让孩子清理，并商定一个合理的时间限制。）位于段首，说明父母应该用一种友好的协商的方式对待孩子。选项中in a nice way以及agree on a reasonable time limit和下文中with respect and high expectations语义相关，前后通顺，合乎逻辑。故选E。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
V. Translation（15分）
20．（5分）相较于定外卖，我更喜欢自己在家做饭，因为塑料盒不能回收，而且会产生大量的碳足迹。（recycle）
Compared with ordering takeout，I prefer to cook at home，because plastic boxes can't be recycled and will produce a large carbon footprint.
【考点】名词作主宾表定补．版权所有
【分析】相较于定外卖，我更喜欢自己在家做饭，因为塑料盒不能回收，而且会产生大量的碳足迹。
【解答】相较于定外卖compared with ordering takeout过去分词短语作状语，在家做饭cook at home，塑料盒不能回收plastic boxes can't be recycled，碳足迹carbon footprint，用一般现在时。
故填：Compared with ordering takeout，I prefer to cook at home，because plastic boxes can't be recycled and will produce a large carbon footprint.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
21．（5分）牛肉不环保，不是因为它需要冷冻和运输服务，而是因为它产生的温室气体相当于两百万辆汽车。（amount）
Beef is not environmentally friendly，not because it needs refrigeration and transportation services，but because it produces greenhouse gases equivalent to two million cars.
【考点】名词短语．版权所有
【分析】牛肉不环保，不是因为它需要冷冻和运输服务，而是因为它产生的温室气体相当于两百万辆汽车。
【解答】牛肉不环保beef is not environmentally friendly，不是……而是……not...but...，它需要冷冻和运输服务it needs refrigeration and transportation services，温室气体greenhouse gases，两百万辆汽车 two million cars，用一般现在时。
故填：Beef is not environmentally friendly，not because it needs refrigeration and transportation services，but because it produces greenhouse gases equivalent to two million cars.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
22．（5分）毫无疑问，温室气体对环境的影响日益严重，因此，公司需要发展各种节能产品。（impact） There is no doubt that the impact of greenhouse gases on the environment is increasingly serious，so the company needs to develop various energy﹣saving products.
【考点】固定搭配/句型．版权所有
【分析】毫无疑问，温室气体对环境的影响日益严重，因此，公司需要发展各种节能产品。（
【解答】毫无疑问there is no doubt，温室气体对环境的影响the impact of greenhouse gases on the environment，因此so连接两个句子，发展各种节能产品develop various energy﹣saving products，用一般现在时。
故填：There is no doubt that the impact of greenhouse gases on the environment is increasingly serious，so the company needs to develop various energy﹣saving products.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
VI. Guided Writing
23．（15分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
近日，明启中学发起了一项针对高中生饮食的一项调查。调查发现，超过半数以上的学生喜欢点外卖（order take﹣away）。你是否支持点外卖？
你的内容需要包括：
1、你的观点；
2、你的理由。
（文中不得出现考生姓名、学校等任何真实信息）
【考点】提纲作文．版权所有
【分析】高分句型一：For another thing，home cooking food is simpler in kind and less delicious，especially for those who are particular about food.
译文：另一方面，家庭烹饪的食物种类更简单，也不那么美味，尤其是对于那些对食物很讲究的人来说。
分析：这句话使用了who引导的定语从句修饰those。
高分句型二：The busier we are，the more attention we should pay to food.
译文：我们越忙，就越应该注意食物。
分析：这句话使用了the+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓。
【解答】Nowadays，a growing number of young people would rather order food on the Internet or call a take﹣out restaurant for meals than cook at home.（现象）
It's not surprising for them to do so.For one thing，with the pace of modern life becoming faster and faster，time is quite precious.In their eyes，it is unnecessary to take time to cook.For another thing，home cooking food is simpler in kind and less delicious，especially for those who are particular about food.【高分句型一】（你的观点）
In my view，our health is closely related to what we eat.The busier we are，the more attention we should pay to food. 【高分句型二】Therefore，I prefer to cook food at home and go on a balanced diet.（你的理由）
【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
2022-2023学年上海市文建中学高一（上）期中英语试卷
Listening Comprehension（20分）.
1．（1分）A.At 10：00.
B.At 10：10.
C.At 10：20.
D.At 10：30.
2．（1分）A.On a boat trip.
B.In a cinema.
C.At the beach.
D.At the restaurant.
3．（1分）A.Plan her budget carefully.
B.Buy a gift for her mother.
C.Give him more information.
D.Ask someone else for suggestions.
4．（1分）A.Doctor and patient.
B.Customer and salesgirl.
C.Man and wife.
D.Customer and waitress.
5．（1分）A.Stressed.
B.Dissatisfied.
C.Bored .
D.Exhausted.
6．（1分）A.Fine her for breaking the traffic regulation.
B.Teach her how to drive in the one﹣way street.
C.Show her the way to the police station.
D.Let her go without any punishment.
7．（1分）A.The kids went to see a movie.
B.The kids were happy.
C.The children changed the plan.
D.The woman broke her promise.
8．（1分）A.She didn't feel well.
B.She went dancing early.
C.She came down to go dancing.
D.She got mad at the woman.
9．（1分）A.Loud.
B.boring.
C.Funny.
D.Exciting.
10．（1分）A.He is not surprised at the woman's playing at a concert tomorrow.
B.He won't give the woman a surprise at the concert tomorrow.
C.He understands the woman's nervous feeling and thinks it normal.
D.He will also play at the concert tomorrow with the woman.
Section B
11．（3分）（1）A.There are too many people and cars around you.
B.The taxi driver talks to you all the time.
C.Singers or sports announcers tell you what you should be careful about in person.
D.The voice of a famous person gives you warning messages.
（2）A.More than 12，000.
B.Over 15，000.
C.About 11.000.
D.Less than 10，000.
（3）A.The passengers won't fasten the seat belt.
B.The passengers will complain.
C.The driver will be punished financially.
D.The driver.will be awarded ﹩100.
12．（3分）（1）A.Pink.
B.Green.
C.Purple.
D.White.
（2）A.Recycling is compulsory.
B.Most recycling programs don't succeed in that people don't want to deliver rubbish.
C.The primary work of the volunteers is to，collect and sort rubbish to the same center.
D.The volunteers will devote six﹣hours a week to dealing with rubbish.
（3）A.To explain why recycling is important.
B.To describe the.recycling program.
C.To discuss whether or not recycling should be compulsory.
D.To tell people how to tell different sorts of rubbish cans apart.
13．（4分）（1）A.A pilot.
B.A nurse.
C.An airhostess.
D.A language teacher.
（2）A.She is fluent in English.
B.She likes dealing with people.
C.Flying in the sky is her dream.
D：She is keen on travelling.
（3）A.Friendly but timid.
B.Beautiful and easy﹣going.
C.Open﹣minded and flexible.
D.Imaginative and warm﹣hearted.
（4）A.The woman is nearsighted.
B.The result of the interview was announced right after，it was finished.
C.The woman sometimes hesitates to express her dislike for others' behaviours.
D.One's height is not required for the job.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分，共20分）’
14．（10分）Directions：After reading the passage below，fill.In the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.
I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as' if it were yesterday.
It was a sunny day.Eager to spend some time outside，I went up the mountain with my uncle.The mountain was hard（1） （ climb） and had tough rocks and streams on it.In the end，（2） （exhaust） and hot，I couldn't go any further.So we went back down the mountain in the end.
On the way back down，my uncle asked me a question，（3） left me speechless for a second："What's your dream，young lady？"
"I have no idea，"I answered（4） thinking it for a while.Then he smiled and told me about his story.He didn't perform well at school when he was of student：Although nobody thought he could succeed，he knew clearly（5） his dream was﹣﹣﹣﹣ to be a businessman."I.knew I wasn't gifted when it came to studying，so I fried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class，"he told me.After he left school，he started selling different items to find out which one was﹣most attractive to customers.Of course，he often had no money in his pocket，but no matter how tough life was，he never gave up， " There is no doubt that a person（6） puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point.The meaning of life is to chase your dream，"he said gently.
That night I（7） hardly fall asleep.I lay in bed tossing and turning，asking myself，"What's my motivation？"
I once wanted to be a top student，but the hard work needed﹣ meant（8） （put） everything into following my passion.If I find myself lacking willpower，whit should I do？Leaving home early the next morning，I climbed the mountain again by（9） It made' me think：If we don't experience the climb，how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain？In the end，I reached the top and（10） （fascinate） by the warm breeze and sunshine.Nothing.could be more pleasant than that.
Section B
15．（10分）
A.feature B.eco﹣friendly C.announced D.imports E.digital.F.budget G.extensively H.acquire I.technology J.competitiveness K.crucial
China Set to Make Own Ballpoint Pen Tips（圆珠笔笔头）
One of China's major stainless steel（不锈钢） producers has independently developed the special steel needed to make the ballpoint pen tips and plans to mass﹣produce the material to.replace（1） in two years.
The group has spent five years on research and development to（2） the technology，ending a long﹣term Chinese reliance（依赖） on foreign pen tips.
Without this technology，China's pen manufacturers，which produce 38 billion 'ballpoint pens per year，have had to buy the（3） parts from overseas markets，costing the industry﹩17.3 million a year，according to the China National Light Industry Council.
" It will be one of our（4） products in the long run，and we will try more materials for tips of ballpoint pens to remain competitive，"'said Li Jianmin，director of TISCO's research and development center.
Wang Huimian，TISCO's﹣ senior engineer，said the company will invest more（5）__ and manpower to develop next﹣ generation ballpoint pen tips in a（n）（6） way to further compete with rivals（竞争对手） in Japan and Switzerland.
" If these factors are ignored，its（7） won't attract customers." said Wing.
The successful home﹣ made pen tips have also won wide popularity on（8）__ social platform because a wide range of netizens（ 网民） believe that it is going to motivate our 'national manufacturer？
Making such products requires high﹣ precision（9） .Special microelements must be added to liquid steel to make a quality tip that can write continually for at least 800'meters.
Eager.to enhance its earning ability，the company（10） that it planned to produce﹣10.5 million metric tons of steel this year，including 4.5 million stainless steel products.
Zhao Ying，a researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing，said，"All these elements can be reached only through long﹣term investment and increasing development，"he said.
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension（共30分）
16．（10分）
China and India are Rebuilding the Green World
Over the last two decades，the Earth has seen an increase in foliage（植物） around，the planet，measured in average leaf area per year' on plants and trees.Data' from NASA﹣ satellites（卫星）shows that China and India.two（1） economies' with the world's biggest populations﹣ are（2） the increase in.greening on land.The effect comes mostly from（3） tree﹣ planting programs in China and intensive agriculture（精耕细作） in both countries.
Researchers from Boston University found that global green leaf area has increased by five percent since the early 2000s，an area（4） to the entire Amazon rainforest.（亚马逊热带雨林）The study was also published in the journal Nature Sustainability on February 11.It revealed that at least 25 percent of the global plant（5） this century came in China.
" China and India（6） one﹣ third of the greening，but contain only nine percent of the planet's land area covered in vegetation，" said lead author Chi Chen of Boston University. "That is a surprising finding，considering the general idea of land degradation（退化） in populous（人口多） countries from（7） ."
China's（8） contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to protect and expand forests，accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution.These programs were developed in sin effort to（9） the effects of air pollution，soil，erosion and climate change.
Another 32 percent of the greening change in China，and 82 percent in India，resulted from intensive（10） of food crops.The land area，used to grow，crops in China，and﹣ India has not changed much since the early 2000s.
（1）A.developing
B.declining
C.stimulating
D.fading
（2）A.imposing on
B.contributing to
C.leading to
D.creating for
（3）A.digital
B.extreme
C.harmonious
D.ambitious
（4）A.distant
B.equal
C.related
D.resistant.
（5）A.expansion
B.substitution
C.innovation
D.correction
（6）A.make up
B.take in
C.stand for
D.consist of
（7）A.over﹣reaction
B.over﹣planting
C.over﹣generation
D.over﹣explanation
（8）A.considerate
B.grateful
C.huge
D.regular
（9）A.forbid
B.investigate
C.boost
D.reduce
（10）A.cultivation
B.demand
C.destruction
D.supply
Section B
17．（6分）The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world．Think about how we greet people．In some languages，the phrases for greetings contain the word for peace．In some cultures we greet people by shaking hands or with another gesture to show that we are not carrying weapons ﹣ that we come in peace．And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognize as representing peace．Let's look at a few of them．
The dove
The dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for thousands of years in many different cultures．In ancient Greek mythology it was a symbol of love and the renewal of life．In ancient Japan a dove carrying a sword symbolized the end of war．There was a tradition in Europe that if a dove flew around a house where someone was dying then their soul would be at peace．And there are legends which say that the devil can turn himself into any bird except for a dove．In Christian art，the dove was used to symbolize the Holy Ghost and was often painted above Christ's head．But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949．
The rainbow
The rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol，often representing the connection between human beings and their gods．In Greek mythology it was associated with Iris，the goddess who brought messages from the gods on Mount Olympus．In Scandinavian mythology the rainbow was a bridge between the gods and the earth．In the Bible a rainbow showed Noah that the Biblical flood was finally over，and that God had forgiven his people．In the Chinese tradition，the rainbow is a common symbol for marriage because the colours represent the union of yin and yang．Nowadays the rainbow is used by many popular movements for peace and the environment，representing the possibility of a better world in the future and promising sunshine after the rain．
The olive branch
The olive tree has always been a valuable source of food and oil．In Greek mythology，the goddess Athena gave the olive tree to the people of Athens，who showed their gratitude by naming the city after her．But no one knows for sure when or why it began to symbolize peace．There is probably a connection with ancient Greece．Wars between states were suspended during the Olympic Games，and the winners were given crowns of olive branches．The symbolism may come from the fact that the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit，so olives could only be cultivated successfully in long periods of peace．Whatever the history，the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolizing peace and unity．One well﹣known example is the United Nations symbol．
（1）Who played the major role in making the dove a modern symbol of peace？
A．Pablo Picasso．
B．A god in Greek mythology．
C．Jesus Christ．
D．Ancient Japanese．
（2）How many examples does the writer give to show the rainbow as a universal symbol of peace？
A．Two．
B．Three．
C．Four．
D．Five．
（3）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？
A．Different Concepts of Peace．
B．The popularity of Peace Symbols．
C．The Origins of Peace Symbols．
D．Cultural Differences in Peace．
18．（6分）
Where to Drink
Cafe San Bernardo
Join table﹣tennis and pool﹣playing port．Cafe San Bernardo has been running since 1912．
The Villa Crespo dive bar also offers up table football for￡4 an hour．Service is efficient；with last orders at 5am．The daily happy hour between 6 pm and 9 pm includes 60 minutes playing your game of choice，plus a half﹣bottle of red wine and a corn pie，for￡9．
●Avenue Corrientes 5436，Villa Crespo，5411 4855 3956，cafesanbernardo．com
M Salumeria & Enoteca
Trading only in wine with a story，sommelier （侍酒师）Mariana Torta chooses new ways on a daily basis，and keeps a list of around 250 labels．There's no wine menu﹣simply take your bottle from the shelf．
●Open 11：00 am﹣11：30 pm，El Salvador 5777，Palermo Hollywood，5411 4778 9016，on Facebook
Negro Cueva de Cafe
Coffee has found its place in Buenos Aires．While LAB：Tostadores，The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places，Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown．It serves Ecuadorian，Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant．
●Open 9：30 am﹣7：00 pm，Suipacha 637，Microcentro，5411 4322 3000，negrocuevade﹣cafe．com
La Calle
Head to the Niceto Vega address and you'II be faced with a pizza．Don't worry，it's the right place．La Guitarrita is the front to"hidden"bar La Calle．Order the house cocktail，special candy，and prepare to sing until dawn with a high﹣energy young crowd．
●Open 8：00 pm﹣2：00 am，Niceto Vega 4942，Palermo Soho，5411 3914 1972，on Facebook
（1）Which number should you call if you are an addict of Columbian coffee flavour？
A．5411 4855 3956．
B．5411 4778 9016．
C．5411 4322 3000．
D．5411 3914 1972．
（2）What makes La Calle different？
A．Its allowing you to play games．
B．Its having no wine menu．
C．Its opening for the longest time．
D．Its having special candy．
（3）The author's purpose in writing the passage is ．
A．to show wine culture
B．to introduce some wine bars
C．to help people choose drinks
D．to show how to enjoy yourself．
Section C
19．（8分）A.There are many ways for parents to deal with the problems.
B.The mess can disturb the whole household.
C.Parents are all angry at it.
D.Humor can help，too.
E.Parenting experts also recommend that parents first ask children in a nice way to clean up and agree on a reasonable time limit.
F.What doesn't work，parenting experts say，is constant lectures，verbal threats or getting very angry.
An 18﹣year﹣girl Kayla Perkins explains what is in her bedroom， "I throw something on the floor and I know right where it is." However，her parents，Steve and Deborah Perkins，of Mckinney，Texas，haven't caught on.Even Kayla admits that，at the worst，her room is a mess.
Most families at some point have at least one child whose room looks like a landfill.（1） Dirty clothes pile up；dirty dishes get lost in the mess and smell bad；homework is lost；and valuable things are ruined.
Some parents let it go，believing that a bedroom is private space for children to manage as they wish.Others lecture their children，offer rewards for cleaning，or punish them when they don't.（2）
Mrs.Perkins says they picked up all the clothes on Kayla's floor and hid them.They cleaned everything up.When Kayla came back to a bare bedroom，there was screaming and shouting，"How can I live without my clothes？" Mrs.Perkins asked Kayla to earn her clothes back by doing housework.These days，she keeps her room clean.
（3） For example，since Jessica，the 14﹣year﹣old daughter wasn't bothered by the dirty clothes all over her floor，the whole family started using her room as a place to store dirty clothes.Her attitude changed after her family did that.By the time she gave in and cleaned up her room a few days later，even she was laughing.
（4） Children often behave better if you treat them in the way you would want to be treated by your boss at work﹣with respect and high expectations.
V. Translation（15分）
20．（5分）相较于定外卖，我更喜欢自己在家做饭，因为塑料盒不能回收，而且会产生大量的碳足迹。（recycle）
21．（5分）牛肉不环保，不是因为它需要冷冻和运输服务，而是因为它产生的温室气体相当于两百万辆汽车。（amount）
22．（5分）毫无疑问，温室气体对环境的影响日益严重，因此，公司需要发展各种节能产品。（impact）
VI. Guided Writing
23．（15分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
近日，明启中学发起了一项针对高中生饮食的一项调查。调查发现，超过半数以上的学生喜欢点外卖（order take﹣away）。你是否支持点外卖？
你的内容需要包括：
1、你的观点；
2、你的理由。
（文中不得出现考生姓名、学校等任何真实信息）
2022-2023学年上海市文建中学高一（上）期中英语试卷
参考答案与试题解析
Listening Comprehension（20分）.
1．（1分）A.At 10：00.
B.At 10：10.
C.At 10：20.
D.At 10：30.
【考点】听录音选单词/词组．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
2．（1分）A.On a boat trip.
B.In a cinema.
C.At the beach.
D.At the restaurant.
【考点】听录音选单词/词组．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
3．（1分）A.Plan her budget carefully.
B.Buy a gift for her mother.
C.Give him more information.
D.Ask someone else for suggestions.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
4．（1分）A.Doctor and patient.
B.Customer and salesgirl.
C.Man and wife.
D.Customer and waitress.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
5．（1分）A.Stressed.
B.Dissatisfied.
C.Bored .
D.Exhausted.
【考点】听录音选单词/词组．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
6．（1分）A.Fine her for breaking the traffic regulation.
B.Teach her how to drive in the one﹣way street.
C.Show her the way to the police station.
D.Let her go without any punishment.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
7．（1分）A.The kids went to see a movie.
B.The kids were happy.
C.The children changed the plan.
D.The woman broke her promise.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
8．（1分）A.She didn't feel well.
B.She went dancing early.
C.She came down to go dancing.
D.She got mad at the woman.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
9．（1分）A.Loud.
B.boring.
C.Funny.
D.Exciting.
【考点】听录音选单词/词组．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
10．（1分）A.He is not surprised at the woman's playing at a concert tomorrow.
B.He won't give the woman a surprise at the concert tomorrow.
C.He understands the woman's nervous feeling and thinks it normal.
D.He will also play at the concert tomorrow with the woman.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
Section B
11．（3分）（1）A.There are too many people and cars around you.
B.The taxi driver talks to you all the time.
C.Singers or sports announcers tell you what you should be careful about in person.
D.The voice of a famous person gives you warning messages.
（2）A.More than 12，000.
B.Over 15，000.
C.About 11.000.
D.Less than 10，000.
（3）A.The passengers won't fasten the seat belt.
B.The passengers will complain.
C.The driver will be punished financially.
D.The driver.will be awarded ﹩100.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
12．（3分）（1）A.Pink.
B.Green.
C.Purple.
D.White.
（2）A.Recycling is compulsory.
B.Most recycling programs don't succeed in that people don't want to deliver rubbish.
C.The primary work of the volunteers is to，collect and sort rubbish to the same center.
D.The volunteers will devote six﹣hours a week to dealing with rubbish.
（3）A.To explain why recycling is important.
B.To describe the.recycling program.
C.To discuss whether or not recycling should be compulsory.
D.To tell people how to tell different sorts of rubbish cans apart.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
13．（4分）（1）A.A pilot.
B.A nurse.
C.An airhostess.
D.A language teacher.
（2）A.She is fluent in English.
B.She likes dealing with people.
C.Flying in the sky is her dream.
D：She is keen on travelling.
（3）A.Friendly but timid.
B.Beautiful and easy﹣going.
C.Open﹣minded and flexible.
D.Imaginative and warm﹣hearted.
（4）A.The woman is nearsighted.
B.The result of the interview was announced right after，it was finished.
C.The woman sometimes hesitates to express her dislike for others' behaviours.
D.One's height is not required for the job.
【考点】听录音选句子．版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分，共20分）’
14．（10分）Directions：After reading the passage below，fill.In the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.
I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as' if it were yesterday.
It was a sunny day.Eager to spend some time outside，I went up the mountain with my uncle.The mountain was hard（1） to climb （ climb） and had tough rocks and streams on it.In the end，（2） exhausted （exhaust） and hot，I couldn't go any further.So we went back down the mountain in the end.
On the way back down，my uncle asked me a question，（3） which left me speechless for a second："What's your dream，young lady？"
"I have no idea，"I answered（4） after thinking it for a while.Then he smiled and told me about his story.He didn't perform well at school when he was of student：Although nobody thought he could succeed，he knew clearly（5） what his dream was﹣﹣﹣﹣ to be a businessman."I.knew I wasn't gifted when it came to studying，so I fried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class，"he told me.After he left school，he started selling different items to find out which one was﹣most attractive to customers.Of course，he often had no money in his pocket，but no matter how tough life was，he never gave up， " There is no doubt that a person（6） who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point.The meaning of life is to chase your dream，"he said gently.
That night I（7） could hardly fall asleep.I lay in bed tossing and turning，asking myself，"What's my motivation？"
I once wanted to be a top student，but the hard work needed﹣ meant（8） putting （put） everything into following my passion.If I find myself lacking willpower，whit should I do？Leaving home early the next morning，I climbed the mountain again by（9） myself It made' me think：If we don't experience the climb，how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain？In the end，I reached the top and（10） was fascinated （fascinate） by the warm breeze and sunshine.Nothing.could be more pleasant than that.
【考点】日常生活；记叙文．版权所有
【分析】本文为记叙文，住哟啊讲述了作者爬山的感受。
【解答】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：这座山很难攀登，上面有坚硬的岩石和溪流。sth be adj+to do表示"做某事……"，故用动词不定式，故填to climb。
（2）考查形容词。句意：最后，我筋疲力尽，浑身发热，再也走不下去了。此处用形容词与hot并列，修饰I，作状语，表示"筋疲力尽的"，故填exhausted。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：在回去的路上，我叔叔问了我一个问题，这让我一时无语。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为question，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（4）考查介词。句意：我想了一会儿才回答。after表示"在……之后"，符合句意，故填after。
（5）考查宾语从句。句意：虽然没有人认为他能成功，但他清楚地知道自己的梦想是什么﹣﹣成为一名商人。此处引导knew的宾语从句，从句中缺少was的表语，表示"他的梦想"，故填what。
（6）考查定语从句。句意：毫无疑问，一个为实现自己的目标付出巨大努力的人，在某个时刻会有好运。此处引导定语从句，先行词为person，在从句中作主语，故填who。
（7）考查动词时态。句意：那天晚上我几乎无法入睡。结合句意和That night可知，此处用一般过去时，表示"能够"，故填could。
（8）考查动名词。句意：我曾经想成为一名优等生，但所需要的努力﹣﹣意味着一切都要追随我的热情。mean doing表示"意味着做某事"，故填putting。
（9）考查反身代词。句意：第二天一早离开家，我又一次独自爬山了。by oneself表示"独自一人"，故用反身代词，故填myself。
（10）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：最后，我到达了山顶，被温暖的微风和阳光迷住了。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语为I，且与fascinate之间是被动关系，故填was fascinated。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
Section B
15．（10分）
A.feature B.eco﹣friendly C.announced D.imports E.digital.F.budget G.extensively H.acquire I.technology J.competitiveness K.crucial
China Set to Make Own Ballpoint Pen Tips（圆珠笔笔头）
One of China's major stainless steel（不锈钢） producers has independently developed the special steel needed to make the ballpoint pen tips and plans to mass﹣produce the material to.replace（1） D in two years.
The group has spent five years on research and development to（2） H the technology，ending a long﹣term Chinese reliance（依赖） on foreign pen tips.
Without this technology，China's pen manufacturers，which produce 38 billion 'ballpoint pens per year，have had to buy the（3） K parts from overseas markets，costing the industry﹩17.3 million a year，according to the China National Light Industry Council.
" It will be one of our（4） A products in the long run，and we will try more materials for tips of ballpoint pens to remain competitive，"'said Li Jianmin，director of TISCO's research and development center.
Wang Huimian，TISCO's﹣ senior engineer，said the company will invest more（5） F and manpower to develop next﹣ generation ballpoint pen tips in a（n）（6） B way to further compete with rivals（竞争对手） in Japan and Switzerland.
" If these factors are ignored，its（7） J won't attract customers." said Wing.
The successful home﹣ made pen tips have also won wide popularity on（8） E social platform because a wide range of netizens（ 网民） believe that it is going to motivate our 'national manufacturer？
Making such products requires high﹣ precision（9） I .Special microelements must be added to liquid steel to make a quality tip that can write continually for at least 800'meters.
Eager.to enhance its earning ability，the company（10） C that it planned to produce﹣10.5 million metric tons of steel this year，including 4.5 million stainless steel products.
Zhao Ying，a researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing，said，"All these elements can be reached only through long﹣term investment and increasing development，"he said.
【考点】科普知识；说明文．版权所有
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了中国圆珠笔制造业研发出具有中国特色的圆珠，给该行业在中国的发展提供了保障。
【解答】（1）考查不可数名词。句意：中国主要不锈钢之一生产商已经独立开发了制造圆珠笔笔尖所需的特殊钢材，并计划在两年内大规模生产这种材料，以取代进口。结合句意表示"进口"，故填import。故选D。
（2）考查动词。句意：该集团花了五年时间进行研发以获得这项技术，结束了中国人对外国笔尖的长期依赖。结合句意表示"获得"，故填acquire。故选H。
（3）考查形容词。句意：如果没有这项技术，每年生产380亿支圆珠笔的中国钢笔制造商不得不从海外市场购买关键部件，根据中国轻工业协会的数据，这使该行业每年花费1730万。修饰后文名词parts应用形容词，且结合句意表示"关键的"，故填crucial。故选K。
（4）考查形容词。句意："从长远来看，这将是我们的特色产品之一，我们将尝试更多圆珠笔笔尖的材料，以保持竞争力。修饰后文名词products应用形容词，且结合句意表示"特色的"，故填feature。故选A。
（5）考查不可数名词。句意：太钢高级工程师王惠棉表示，该公司将投入更多的预算和人力，以环保的方式开发下一代圆珠笔笔尖，以进一步在日本和瑞士与竞争对手竞争。结合句意表示"预算"，故填budget。故选F。
（6）考查形容词。句意：太钢高级工程师王惠棉表示，该公司将投入更多的预算和人力，以环保的方式开发下一代圆珠笔笔尖，以进一步在日本和瑞士与竞争对手竞争。修饰后文名词way应用形容词，且结合句意表示"环保的"，故填eco﹣friendly。故选B。
（7）考查不可数名词。句意：Wing说："如果忽略这些因素，它的竞争力将无法吸引客户。"结合句意表示"竞争性"，故填competitiveness。故选J。
（8）考查形容词。句意：成功的自制笔尖也在数字社交平台上广受欢迎，因为许多网友认为这将激励我们的"国家制造商"修饰后文名词platform应用形容词，且结合句意表示"数字的"，故填digital。故选E。
（9）考查不可数名词。句意：制造这种产品需要高精度的技术。结合句意表示"技术"，故填technology。故选I。
（10）考查动词时态。句意：为了提高盈利能力，该公司宣布计划今年生产150万公吨钢铁，其中包括450万不锈钢产品。从句中缺少谓语，且表示"宣布"动词为announce，结合后文it planned to 可知为一般过去时，故填announced。故选C。
【点评】如何做选词填空
1.根据语法，判断词性
一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性，从而正确的选词，进一步缩小词的选择范围。
2.利用语境，确定词形
当确定了一个单词的词性后，可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式，如动词的人称数，时态，语态，固定短语；名词的数和所有格，形容词，副词的比较级等。
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension（共30分）
16．（10分）
China and India are Rebuilding the Green World
Over the last two decades，the Earth has seen an increase in foliage（植物） around，the planet，measured in average leaf area per year' on plants and trees.Data' from NASA﹣ satellites（卫星）shows that China and India.two（1） A economies' with the world's biggest populations﹣ are（2） C the increase in.greening on land.The effect comes mostly from（3） D tree﹣ planting programs in China and intensive agriculture（精耕细作） in both countries.
Researchers from Boston University found that global green leaf area has increased by five percent since the early 2000s，an area（4） B to the entire Amazon rainforest.（亚马逊热带雨林）The study was also published in the journal Nature Sustainability on February 11.It revealed that at least 25 percent of the global plant（5） A this century came in China.
" China and India（6） A one﹣ third of the greening，but contain only nine percent of the planet's land area covered in vegetation，" said lead author Chi Chen of Boston University. "That is a surprising finding，considering the general idea of land degradation（退化） in populous（人口多） countries from（7） B ."
China's（8） C contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to protect and expand forests，accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution.These programs were developed in sin effort to（9） D the effects of air pollution，soil，erosion and climate change.
Another 32 percent of the greening change in China，and 82 percent in India，resulted from intensive（10） A of food crops.The land area，used to grow，crops in China，and﹣ India has not changed much since the early 2000s.
（1）A.developing
B.declining
C.stimulating
D.fading
（2）A.imposing on
B.contributing to
C.leading to
D.creating for
（3）A.digital
B.extreme
C.harmonious
D.ambitious
（4）A.distant
B.equal
C.related
D.resistant.
（5）A.expansion
B.substitution
C.innovation
D.correction
（6）A.make up
B.take in
C.stand for
D.consist of
（7）A.over﹣reaction
B.over﹣planting
C.over﹣generation
D.over﹣explanation
（8）A.considerate
B.grateful
C.huge
D.regular
（9）A.forbid
B.investigate
C.boost
D.reduce
（10）A.cultivation
B.demand
C.destruction
D.supply
【考点】环境保护；说明文．版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，在过去的20年里，地球上的植物和树木每年都在增加，其中，中国和印度增加的绿化面积最多。
【解答】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.developing发展；B.declining下降；C.stimulating刺激，激励；D.fading逐渐消失。根据空前China and India可知中国和印度这两个世界上人口最多的发展中经济体正在导致陆地绿化的增加。故答案为A。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.imposing on强加于；B.contributing to贡献；C.leading to导致；D.creating for为……创造。根据上句Over the last two decades，the Earth has seen an increase in foliage（植物） around，the planet，measured in average leaf area per year' on plants and trees.可知在过去的二十年里，地球上的植物越来越多，以植物和树木每年的平均叶子面积来衡量。说明美国国家航空航天局的卫星数据显示，中国和印度这两个世界上人口最多的发展中经济体正在导致陆地绿化的增加。故答案为C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.digital数字的；B．extreme极度的；C．harmonious和谐的；D．ambitious有雄心的。根据后文 China's（8）contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to protect and expand forests，accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution.可知中国对全球绿化趋势的巨大贡献很大程度上来自保护和扩大森林的计划，约占绿化贡献的42%。说明这种影响主要来自中国雄心勃勃的植树计划和两国的集约化农业。故答案为D。
（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A．distant遥远的；B．equal相等的；C．relevant相关的；D．resistant抵抗的。根据上句global green leaf area has increased by five percent since the early 2000s可知自本世纪初以来，全球绿叶面积增加了5% ，相当于整个亚马逊雨林的面积。故答案为B。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A．expansion膨胀；B．substitution代替；C．innovation创新，革靳；D．correction改正，修改。根据后文 China's（8）contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to protect and expand forests，accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution.可知中国对全球绿化趋势的巨大贡献很大程度上来自保护和扩大森林的计划，约占绿化贡献的42%。说明报告显示，本世纪全球植物增加的至少25%来自中国。故答案为A。
（6）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.make up组成；B．take in吸收，欺骗；C．stand for代表；D．consist of由..组成。根据空后one﹣ third of the greening可知"中国和印度的绿化面积占全球的三分之一，但植被只占地球陆地面积的9% ，"波士顿大学的陈驰（Chi Chen）说。故答案为A。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.over﹣reaction反应过度；B.over﹣planting过度种植；C．over﹣generation过度衍生；D．over﹣explanation过多解释。根据上句That is a surprising finding，considering the general idea of land degradation（退化） in populous（人口多） countries可知这是一个令人惊讶的发现，考虑到人口大国因过度开发而导致土地退化的普遍观点。故答案为B。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.considerate体贴的；B.grateful感激的；C.huge巨大的；D.regular有规律的。根据下句in large part from programs to protect and expand forests，accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution.可知中国对全球绿化趋势的巨大贡献，很大程度上来自于森林保护和扩大，约占全球绿化贡献的42%。故答案为C。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A．forbid禁止；B．investigate调查；C．boost促进；D．reduce减少。根据空后the effects of air pollution，soil，erosion and climate change可知这些项目是为了减少空气污染、土壤侵蚀和气候变化的影响而制定的。故答案为D。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A．cultivation培养，耕作；B．demand要求；C．destruction破坏，毁灭；D．supply供给。另外，中国32%的绿化变化和印度82%的绿化变化是由粮食作物的精耕细作造成的。故答案为A。
【点评】完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
Section B
17．（6分）The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world．Think about how we greet people．In some languages，the phrases for greetings contain the word for peace．In some cultures we greet people by shaking hands or with another gesture to show that we are not carrying weapons ﹣ that we come in peace．And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognize as representing peace．Let's look at a few of them．
The dove
The dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for thousands of years in many different cultures．In ancient Greek mythology it was a symbol of love and the renewal of life．In ancient Japan a dove carrying a sword symbolized the end of war．There was a tradition in Europe that if a dove flew around a house where someone was dying then their soul would be at peace．And there are legends which say that the devil can turn himself into any bird except for a dove．In Christian art，the dove was used to symbolize the Holy Ghost and was often painted above Christ's head．But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949．
The rainbow
The rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol，often representing the connection between human beings and their gods．In Greek mythology it was associated with Iris，the goddess who brought messages from the gods on Mount Olympus．In Scandinavian mythology the rainbow was a bridge between the gods and the earth．In the Bible a rainbow showed Noah that the Biblical flood was finally over，and that God had forgiven his people．In the Chinese tradition，the rainbow is a common symbol for marriage because the colours represent the union of yin and yang．Nowadays the rainbow is used by many popular movements for peace and the environment，representing the possibility of a better world in the future and promising sunshine after the rain．
The olive branch
The olive tree has always been a valuable source of food and oil．In Greek mythology，the goddess Athena gave the olive tree to the people of Athens，who showed their gratitude by naming the city after her．But no one knows for sure when or why it began to symbolize peace．There is probably a connection with ancient Greece．Wars between states were suspended during the Olympic Games，and the winners were given crowns of olive branches．The symbolism may come from the fact that the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit，so olives could only be cultivated successfully in long periods of peace．Whatever the history，the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolizing peace and unity．One well﹣known example is the United Nations symbol．
（1）Who played the major role in making the dove a modern symbol of peace？ A
A．Pablo Picasso．
B．A god in Greek mythology．
C．Jesus Christ．
D．Ancient Japanese．
（2）How many examples does the writer give to show the rainbow as a universal symbol of peace？ D
A．Two．
B．Three．
C．Four．
D．Five．
（3）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？ A
A．Different Concepts of Peace．
B．The popularity of Peace Symbols．
C．The Origins of Peace Symbols．
D．Cultural Differences in Peace．
【考点】社会；说明文．版权所有
【分析】在世界各地的文化中，和平的概念是一个非常重要的概念．不同文化中的人们有不同代表和平的某些符号，本文主要介绍了鸽子、彩虹和橄榄枝三种和平的象征．
【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据第二段的But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949．但正是毕加索在1949年世界和平大会的海报上使用鸽子，使之成为和平的现代象征．可知，毕加索在使鸽子成为和平的现代象征方面发挥了重要作用，故选A．
2．D．细节理解题．根据第三段我们可以找到"In Greek mythology .."In Scandinavian mythology ..""In the Bible.. ""In the Chinese tradition…"Noways.."可知，作者举了5个例子来说明彩虹是和平的普遍象征，故选D．
3．A．主旨大意题．本文主要介绍了在世界各地的文化中，和平的概念是一个非常重要的概念．不同文化中的人们有不同代表和平的某些符号，本文主要介绍了鸽子、彩虹和橄榄枝三种和平的象征．故选A．
【点评】本文是社会文化类阅读，主要考查细节理解题和推理判断题．在做细节理解题时，首先根据题目要求迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语．认真比较选项和文中细节的区别，在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
18．（6分）
Where to Drink
Cafe San Bernardo
Join table﹣tennis and pool﹣playing port．Cafe San Bernardo has been running since 1912．
The Villa Crespo dive bar also offers up table football for￡4 an hour．Service is efficient；with last orders at 5am．The daily happy hour between 6 pm and 9 pm includes 60 minutes playing your game of choice，plus a half﹣bottle of red wine and a corn pie，for￡9．
●Avenue Corrientes 5436，Villa Crespo，5411 4855 3956，cafesanbernardo．com
M Salumeria & Enoteca
Trading only in wine with a story，sommelier （侍酒师）Mariana Torta chooses new ways on a daily basis，and keeps a list of around 250 labels．There's no wine menu﹣simply take your bottle from the shelf．
●Open 11：00 am﹣11：30 pm，El Salvador 5777，Palermo Hollywood，5411 4778 9016，on Facebook
Negro Cueva de Cafe
Coffee has found its place in Buenos Aires．While LAB：Tostadores，The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places，Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown．It serves Ecuadorian，Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant．
●Open 9：30 am﹣7：00 pm，Suipacha 637，Microcentro，5411 4322 3000，negrocuevade﹣cafe．com
La Calle
Head to the Niceto Vega address and you'II be faced with a pizza．Don't worry，it's the right place．La Guitarrita is the front to"hidden"bar La Calle．Order the house cocktail，special candy，and prepare to sing until dawn with a high﹣energy young crowd．
●Open 8：00 pm﹣2：00 am，Niceto Vega 4942，Palermo Soho，5411 3914 1972，on Facebook
（1）Which number should you call if you are an addict of Columbian coffee flavour？ C
A．5411 4855 3956．
B．5411 4778 9016．
C．5411 4322 3000．
D．5411 3914 1972．
（2）What makes La Calle different？ D
A．Its allowing you to play games．
B．Its having no wine menu．
C．Its opening for the longest time．
D．Its having special candy．
（3）The author's purpose in writing the passage is B ．
A．to show wine culture
B．to introduce some wine bars
C．to help people choose drinks
D．to show how to enjoy yourself．
【考点】应用文．版权所有
【分析】本文介绍了四家酒吧．提供的服务，开放时间，电话号码以及网站情况．
【解答】60．C 细节理解题．在Negro Cueva de Cafe中，The Shelter and Coffee Town are famous new places，Negro Cueva de Cafe is one of the best downtown．It serves Ecuadorian，Colombian and Brazilian beans and its attracting cakes include croissant．黑人Cueva de咖啡馆是一个最好的咖啡馆在市中心．它为厄瓜多尔和哥伦比亚服务，电话为5411 4322 3000．所以答案选C．
61．D 细节理解题．根据句子Order the house cocktail，special candy．点一杯鸡尾酒，还有特别的糖果，看前文其他店里没有糖果，所以答案选D．
62．B 写作意图题．本文介绍了四家酒吧．提供的服务，开放时间，电话号码以及网站情况．所以本文的目的就是介绍酒吧．故答案选B．
【点评】本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息？或是其变体．搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息．在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节．做这类题一般采用寻读法？即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案．
Section C
19．（8分）A.There are many ways for parents to deal with the problems.
B.The mess can disturb the whole household.
C.Parents are all angry at it.
D.Humor can help，too.
E.Parenting experts also recommend that parents first ask children in a nice way to clean up and agree on a reasonable time limit.
F.What doesn't work，parenting experts say，is constant lectures，verbal threats or getting very angry.
An 18﹣year﹣girl Kayla Perkins explains what is in her bedroom， "I throw something on the floor and I know right where it is." However，her parents，Steve and Deborah Perkins，of Mckinney，Texas，haven't caught on.Even Kayla admits that，at the worst，her room is a mess.
Most families at some point have at least one child whose room looks like a landfill.（1） B Dirty clothes pile up；dirty dishes get lost in the mess and smell bad；homework is lost；and valuable things are ruined.
Some parents let it go，believing that a bedroom is private space for children to manage as they wish.Others lecture their children，offer rewards for cleaning，or punish them when they don't.（2） F
Mrs.Perkins says they picked up all the clothes on Kayla's floor and hid them.They cleaned everything up.When Kayla came back to a bare bedroom，there was screaming and shouting，"How can I live without my clothes？" Mrs.Perkins asked Kayla to earn her clothes back by doing housework.These days，she keeps her room clean.
（3） D For example，since Jessica，the 14﹣year﹣old daughter wasn't bothered by the dirty clothes all over her floor，the whole family started using her room as a place to store dirty clothes.Her attitude changed after her family did that.By the time she gave in and cleaned up her room a few days later，even she was laughing.
（4） E Children often behave better if you treat them in the way you would want to be treated by your boss at work﹣with respect and high expectations.
【考点】人与自我．版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了孩子房间脏乱差的现象，并提出一些改变这种现象的建议。
【解答】（1）B.推理判断题。上文Most families at some point have at least one child whose room looks like a landfill.（大多数家庭在某种程度上至少有一个孩子的房间看起来像垃圾填埋场。）说明家里常常有个孩子的房间垃圾成堆，脏乱差，选项B.The mess can disturb the whole household.（混乱会扰乱整个家庭。）承接上文，进一步说明这种脏乱差的局面造成的影响，引起下文Dirty clothes pile up；dirty dishes get lost in the mess and smell bad；homework is lost；and valuable things are ruined.（脏衣服堆起来；脏盘子在脏乱中丢失，气味难闻；家庭作业弄丢了；有价值的东西都毁了。）具体说明脏乱差造成的不良结果。选项中The mess和上文中a landfill语义相关。故选B。
（2）F.推理判断题。上文Others lecture their children，offer rewards for cleaning，or punish them when they don't.（另一些则会训斥孩子，奖励他们打扫卫生，或者惩罚他们不打扫卫生。）描述了一些家长的做法，选项F.What doesn't work，parenting experts say，is constant lectures，verbal threats or getting very angry.（育儿专家说，不起作用的是不断的说教、口头威胁或非常生气。）承接上文，对上文所描述的家长的做法进行否定。语义通顺，合乎逻辑。故选F。
（3）D.段落大意题。下文For example，since Jessica，the 14﹣year﹣old daughter wasn't bothered by the dirty clothes all over her floor，the whole family started using her room as a place to store dirty clothes.Her attitude changed after her family did that.By the time she gave in and cleaned up her room a few days later，even she was laughing.（例如，由于14岁的女儿Jessica不介意地板上到处都是脏衣服，全家人开始用她的房间作为存放脏衣服的地方。在她的家人这么做后，她的态度改变了。几天后，她让步了，打扫了自己的房间，这时连她自己也笑了。）举例说明家长在处理女儿Jessica脏乱差的问题上采用了近似玩笑的做法，达到了预期效果，选项D.Humor can help，too.（幽默也有帮助。）位于段首，提出一个新颖的用幽默的方式处理孩子脏乱差的方法。语义通顺，合乎逻辑。故选D。
（4）E.段落大意题。下文Children often behave better if you treat them in the way you would want to be treated by your boss at work﹣with respect and high expectations.（如果你用你希望老板在工作中对待你的方式来对待孩子﹣﹣尊重和高期望，他们通常会表现得更好。）说明要用尊重和高期望的方式对待孩子，选项E.Parenting experts also recommend that parents first ask children in a nice way to clean up and agree on a reasonable time limit.（育儿专家还建议父母首先用一种友好的方式让孩子清理，并商定一个合理的时间限制。）位于段首，说明父母应该用一种友好的协商的方式对待孩子。选项中in a nice way以及agree on a reasonable time limit和下文中with respect and high expectations语义相关，前后通顺，合乎逻辑。故选E。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
V. Translation（15分）
20．（5分）相较于定外卖，我更喜欢自己在家做饭，因为塑料盒不能回收，而且会产生大量的碳足迹。（recycle）
Compared with ordering takeout，I prefer to cook at home，because plastic boxes can't be recycled and will produce a large carbon footprint.
【考点】名词作主宾表定补．版权所有
【分析】相较于定外卖，我更喜欢自己在家做饭，因为塑料盒不能回收，而且会产生大量的碳足迹。
【解答】相较于定外卖compared with ordering takeout过去分词短语作状语，在家做饭cook at home，塑料盒不能回收plastic boxes can't be recycled，碳足迹carbon footprint，用一般现在时。
故填：Compared with ordering takeout，I prefer to cook at home，because plastic boxes can't be recycled and will produce a large carbon footprint.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
21．（5分）牛肉不环保，不是因为它需要冷冻和运输服务，而是因为它产生的温室气体相当于两百万辆汽车。（amount）
Beef is not environmentally friendly，not because it needs refrigeration and transportation services，but because it produces greenhouse gases equivalent to two million cars.
【考点】名词短语．版权所有
【分析】牛肉不环保，不是因为它需要冷冻和运输服务，而是因为它产生的温室气体相当于两百万辆汽车。
【解答】牛肉不环保beef is not environmentally friendly，不是……而是……not...but...，它需要冷冻和运输服务it needs refrigeration and transportation services，温室气体greenhouse gases，两百万辆汽车 two million cars，用一般现在时。
故填：Beef is not environmentally friendly，not because it needs refrigeration and transportation services，but because it produces greenhouse gases equivalent to two million cars.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
22．（5分）毫无疑问，温室气体对环境的影响日益严重，因此，公司需要发展各种节能产品。（impact） There is no doubt that the impact of greenhouse gases on the environment is increasingly serious，so the company needs to develop various energy﹣saving products.
【考点】固定搭配/句型．版权所有
【分析】毫无疑问，温室气体对环境的影响日益严重，因此，公司需要发展各种节能产品。（
【解答】毫无疑问there is no doubt，温室气体对环境的影响the impact of greenhouse gases on the environment，因此so连接两个句子，发展各种节能产品develop various energy﹣saving products，用一般现在时。
故填：There is no doubt that the impact of greenhouse gases on the environment is increasingly serious，so the company needs to develop various energy﹣saving products.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
VI. Guided Writing
23．（15分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
近日，明启中学发起了一项针对高中生饮食的一项调查。调查发现，超过半数以上的学生喜欢点外卖（order take﹣away）。你是否支持点外卖？
你的内容需要包括：
1、你的观点；
2、你的理由。
（文中不得出现考生姓名、学校等任何真实信息）
【考点】提纲作文．版权所有
【分析】高分句型一：For another thing，home cooking food is simpler in kind and less delicious，especially for those who are particular about food.
译文：另一方面，家庭烹饪的食物种类更简单，也不那么美味，尤其是对于那些对食物很讲究的人来说。
分析：这句话使用了who引导的定语从句修饰those。
高分句型二：The busier we are，the more attention we should pay to food.
译文：我们越忙，就越应该注意食物。
分析：这句话使用了the+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓。
【解答】Nowadays，a growing number of young people would rather order food on the Internet or call a take﹣out restaurant for meals than cook at home.（现象）
It's not surprising for them to do so.For one thing，with the pace of modern life becoming faster and faster，time is quite precious.In their eyes，it is unnecessary to take time to cook.For another thing，home cooking food is simpler in kind and less delicious，especially for those who are particular about food.【高分句型一】（你的观点）
In my view，our health is closely related to what we eat.The busier we are，the more attention we should pay to food. 【高分句型二】Therefore，I prefer to cook food at home and go on a balanced diet.（你的理由）
【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
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