江苏省常州市2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期中考试试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份江苏省常州市2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期中考试试卷（Word版附解析），共27页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。

阶段性调研测试高一年级英语试题
注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Where are the speakers?
A.In an office.
B.In a cinema.
C.In a supermarket.
2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Doctor and patient.
B.Manager and clerk.
C.Waitress and customer.
3.What is the woman doing?
A.Waiting for a call.
B.Calling her neighbor.
C.Opening the window.
4.What will the speakers probably do next?
A.Go to Market Street.
B.Employ creative designers.
C.Work out the advertising cost.
5. What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?
A.Sunny.
B.Windy.
C.Snowy.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选工中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6-7题。
6.What are the speakers talking about?
A.Photos.
B.Gardens.
C.Seasons.
7.Which photo does the man like best?
A.The one in winter.
B.The one in spring.
C.The one in summer.
听第7段材料，回答8-10题。
8.What happened to Marina when she was 18?
A.She couldn’t see well.
B.She became totally blind.
C.She had a successful operation.
9.Where did Marina meet the director?
A.In a cafe.
B.In a store.
C.In the college.
10.What achievement has Marina made?
A.She is a film-maker now.
B.Her movie has won an award.
C.She is well-known in the theater.
听第8段材料，回答11-13题。
11.In what aspect is the supermarket chain different from the others?
A.The quality of the products.
B.The kinds of the products.
C.The packaging(包装) of the products.
12.What does the man think of shopping in the supermarket chain?
A.Worthy.
B.Time-wasting.
C. Environmentally friendly.
13.How does the man protect the environment?
A.By saving water.
B.By walking to work.
C.By bringing bags when shopping.
听第9段材料，回答14-16题。
14. What does the woman probably d。?
A .A nurse. B. A doctor. C. A cleaner.
15. When can the man see his wife?
A. At 8:00 am. B At 10:00 am C. At 3:00 pm.
16. What will the man do next?
A. Leave for home.
B. Look after his wife.
C. Bring dinner for his wife.
听第10段材料，回答17-20题。
17.How did the speaker know the advertisement?
A.From TV.
B.From the Internet.
C.From his teacher.
18.Where does the speaker most probably come from?
A.Japan.
B.China.
C.England.
19.What does the speaker think is the most important for the position?
A.Volunteer experience.
B.Love of new challenges.
C.Knowledge of sports games.
20.Why does the speaker write the e-mail?
A.To apply to a university.
B.To apply to be a volunteer.
C.To apply to take part in the competition.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Friends are very important to us. Sometimes we just want to develop some new friendships. Here are some of the best apps for you to make new friends.
Atleto
Research shows that exercising with a friend promotes more motivation and healthier lifestyle habits. Atleto is an app that builds on this “exercise contagion (传染)” phenomenon by bringing together athletic people to take exercise and organize group activities. You can choose from over 40 sports and find your community of people who like to be in a sweat.
Friender
Studies show that we’re eager to find people similar to us. Suppose you’re sick of boring surface-level conversations. Then，Friender solves that problem quickly with an algorithm(算法) that only matches you based on your favorite activities and interests. This friend-finding app makes it easy to get into conversations that you care about. If you don’t have many hobbies to type into an app, one of the easiest ways to start is to try out new hobbies.
PawDate
Dogs are great companions, but sometimes it’s nice to talk to humans, too. This app connects pet owners to meet up at dog parks or walk with their pups. You get to set up doggie play dates and find new friends at the same time! It’s a win-win.
Skout started back in 2007 to help people make new friends. The rematches are based on directly by checking into a location and seeing who else on the app is there.
1. Who is Atleto intended for?
A. Those who like to walk their dogs.
B. Those who want to play sports together.
C. Those who want to develop new hobbies.
D. Those who like to do community service.
2. What can people do by using Friender?
A. Solve conversation problems.
B. Share their favorite activities.
C. MMake new friends while traveling.
D. Have conversations with like-minded people.
3. Which app can help the user find new friends quickly at a new place?
A. Atleto.
B. Friender.
C. PawDate.
D Skout.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一些交朋友的应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Atleto部分中“Atleto is an app that builds on this ‘exercise contagion(传染)’ phenomenon by bringing together athletic people to take exercise and organize group activities.(Atleto是一款基于这种‘运动传染’现象的应用，它将热爱运动的人聚集在一起锻炼并组织集体活动)”可知，Atleto是针对那些想要一起运动的人。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Friender部分中“Then，Friender solves that problem quickly with an algorithm(算法) that only matches you based on your favorite activities and interests. This friend-finding app makes it easy to get into conversations that you care about.(然后，Friender用一种算法快速解决了这个问题，它只根据你最喜欢的活动和兴趣来匹配你。这个找朋友的应用程序让你很容易加入到你关心的对话中)”可知，使用Friender可以和志同道合的人交谈。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The rematches are based on directly by checking into a location and seeing who else on the app is there.(重新匹配是直接通过查看一个位置，看看应用程序上还有谁在那里)”可知，Skout这个应用程序可以帮助用户在新地方快速找到新朋友。故选D。
B
Unhappily married for many years, Peter waited until his children were grown up before he divorced their mother. He hoped this would make the experience less unhappy for them. Yet in the six years since, he has not seen either of his two sons. “For me it has been completely destructive,” he says. “I get teary when I think about them.”
Though people tend not to talk about it much, family estrangement seems to be widespread in America. The relationship most commonly cut off is that between parent and adult child, and in most cases it is the child who holds the knife.
Because family estrangement has been a subject of research only for the past decade, there are no data to show whether it is becoming more common. But many sociologists and psychologists think it is. In one way this seems surprising. Divorce increases the risk of family divisions. Yet in recent years, America’s divorce rate has fallen. So Dr. Coleman thinks other factors are making parent-child estrangements likelier than ever.
A rise in individualism that emphasizes personal happiness is the biggest factor. Realization of personal value has increasingly come to take the place of filial duty, says Dr. Coleman. In some ways it is a positive development: people find it easier to separate from parents who have been pushy. But it can also carry heavy costs.
Another factor is that those who decide to break off contact with their parents find support online. Posts on internet forums for people who Want to break ties with their parents show strangers advising an immediate break in contact. This may make it easier to put aside their feelings of guilt.
Raising awareness about the issue in this Way is likely to be important not only because some broken relationships may be fixable. Parent-child estrangement has negative effects beyond the heartbreak it causes. Research suggests that the habit of cutting off relatives is likely to spread in families. But most immediately, it is likely to increase loneliness in old age.
4. What is the function of the first paragraph?
A. To explain a reason. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To make a suggestion. D. To give an example.
5. What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to?
A. The research data B. The risk of divisions
C. Family estrangement. D. Parent-child relationship.
6. How do adult children separate from their parents without feeling guilty?
A. By finding support online. B. By seeking personal happiness.
C. By performing filial duty. D. By posting on Internet forums.
7. What is the direct negative effect of parent-child estrangement?
A. Causing heartbreak. B. Breaking parent-child relationships.
C. Leading to awful loneliness in old age. D. Spreading the habit of cutting off relatives.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了家庭隔阂似乎在美国很普遍，最常被切断的关系是父母和成年子女之间的关系，由于家庭隔阂只是过去十年的一个研究课题，没有数据显示它是否正变得越来越普遍。文章分析了背后的原因和家庭隔阂的影响。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Unhappily married for many years, Peter waited until his children were grown up before he divorced their mother. He hoped this would make the experience less unhappy for them. Yet in the six years since, he has not seen either of his two sons. “For me it has been completely destructive,” he says. “I get teary when I think about them.”(彼得经历了多年不幸的婚姻，直到孩子们都长大成人后才和他们的母亲离婚。他希望这能减轻他们的痛苦。然而，在那之后的六年里，他没有见过两个儿子中的任何一个。“对我来说，这完全是毁灭性的，”他说。“一想到他们，我就会流泪。”)”以及第二段“Though people tend not to talk about it much, family estrangement seems to be widespread in America. The relationship most commonly cut off is that between parent and adult child, and in most cases it is the child who holds the knife.(虽然人们往往不怎么谈论它，但家庭隔阂似乎在美国很普遍。最常被切断的关系是父母和成年子女之间的关系，在大多数情况下让人痛心的是孩子)”可推知，第一段的作用是引入主题。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Because family estrangement has been a subject of research only for the past decade, there are no data to show”以及后文“is becoming more common”可知，由于家庭隔阂只是过去十年的一个研究课题，没有数据显示家庭隔阂是否正变得越来越普遍。故it指的是“家庭隔阂”。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Another factor is that those who decide to break off contact with their parents find support online. Posts on internet forums for people who Want to break ties with their parents show strangers advising an immediate break in contact. This may make it easier to put aside their feelings of guilt.(另一个因素是，那些决定与父母断绝联系的人在网上找到了支持。想要与父母断绝关系的人在网络论坛上的帖子显示，陌生人建议他们立即断绝联系。这可能会让他们更容易把罪恶感放在一边)”可知，成年子女通过在网上寻找支持来让自己与父母分离而不感到内疚。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Parent-child estrangement has negative effects beyond the heartbreak it causes.(亲子关系的疏远除了会造成心碎之外，还有其他的负面影响)”可知，亲子隔阂的直接负面影响是令人心碎。故选A。
C
Ocean warming is speeding up and sea levels are rising more quickly, warns a new report by the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel. The report also discusses a relatively new phenomenon in the oceans: marine (海洋的) heatwaves. “Before 2012 or 2013, nobody had thought about heat waves in the ocean,” says Andrew Pershing, chief scientist at the Gulf of Maine Research Institute in Portland. “Then in 2012 we had a huge event here. It was a real surprise.” The abnormally hot water influenced animals that live off the coast of Maine and are important to the local fishing economy.
What’s more, it quickly became clear that the state wasn’t alone.“This kind of heat wave events has sprung up all over the ocean,” Pershing says.“We’ve actually had three major heat waves here — 2012, 2016 and 2018 and now we’re looking at repeat heat waves in the northern Pacific; Australia has also had some repeat heat waves. So it’s really becoming a part of the conversation in oceanography.”
That’s a big deal for coastal communities whose economies depend on fish and other seafood. Heat waves drove a lot of changes in life off the coast of the Pacific Northwest, which in tum led to disastrous seasons for fishermen. Abnormally hot water supported rapid increase of algae (藻类) that polluted the Dungeness crab fishery on the West Coast, shutting it down for months. Meanwhile, the so-called hot water off the coast has been connected with drought (干早) on land, which has led to a large number of fish runs, raised the risk of wildfires and resulted in water stress inland.
The report suggests some actions local, state and national leaders can take to slow ocean warming and rising，and to adapt (适应) to its influences. First, greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from burning fossil fuels are the main drive of these changes, and the global economy must go through a dramatic change to reduce these emissions.
“Even if we cut carbon emissions right now, we are still looking at 20 to 30 years of change,” Pershing explains. “That means, whatever we do, we have to figure out how we are going to adapt to these changes.”
Some marine influences of climate change will unfold in the coming years no matter what. Speeding up sea level rise, for example, will threaten billions of people and present an existential threat to millions who live in coastal communities and count on fishing.
8. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The results of global climate change.
B. The cause of heat waves in the ocean.
C. The problem ocean animals are facing.
D. The increasing frequency of heat waves.
9. How does the author explain the disaster led by heat waves to fishermen?
A. By providing examples.
B. By studying and reasoning.
C. By carrying out researches.
D. By interviewing local people.
10. What can we learn from Pershing’s words?
A. The influences of climate change are unavoidable.
B. We should try to reduce carbon emissions greatly.
C. The fight against climate change is already working.
D. We have a promising future of the world environment.
11. What does the underlined word “unfold” mean in the last paragraph?
A. Let go.
B. Weaken.
C. Show up.
D. Strengthen.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了受海洋变暖影响，全球海洋热浪频发，这对生态系统和渔业等将产生重大影响，而这些事件往往对经济和人们生活具有深远影响。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“ “This kind of heat wave events has sprung up all over the ocean,” Pershing says.“We’ve actually had three major heat waves here — 2012, 2016 and 2018 and now we’re looking at repeat heat waves in the northern Pacific; Australia has also had some repeat heat waves. So it’s really becoming a part of the conversation in oceanography.”( “这种热浪事件在海洋中如雨后春笋般出现，”潘兴说。“我们这里实际上已经经历了三次主要的热浪——2012年、2016年和2018年，现在我们看到北太平洋将出现重复的热浪；澳大利亚也多次出现热浪。因此，这真的成为海洋学对话的一部分。”)”可知，第二段主要介绍了越来越频繁的热浪。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Abnormally hot water supported rapid increase of algae (藻类) that polluted the Dungeness crab fishery on the West Coast, shutting it down for months. Meanwhile, the so-called hot water off the coast has been connected with drought (干早) on land, which has led to a large number of fish runs, raised the risk of wildfires and resulted in water stress inland. (异常炎热的海水导致藻类迅速增加，污染了西海岸的邓杰内斯蟹渔业，导致该渔业关闭数月。与此同时，沿海所谓的热水与陆地干旱有关，导致大量鱼类洄游，增加了发生野火的风险，并导致内陆缺水)”可推知，作者通过研究和推理来解释热浪给渔民带来的灾难。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Even if we cut carbon emissions right now, we are still looking at 20 to 30 years of change,” Pershing explains. “That means, whatever we do, we have to figure out how we are going to adapt to these changes.”(“即使我们现在减少碳排放，我们仍然需要20到30年的变化，”潘兴解释说。“这意味着，无论我们做什么，我们都必须弄清楚如何适应这些变化。”)”可推知，潘兴认为气候变化的影响是不可避免的，我们必须弄清楚如何适应这些变化。故选A。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Speeding up sea level rise, for example, will threaten billions of people and present an existential threat to millions who live in coastal communities and count on fishing. (例如，海平面加速上升将威胁到数十亿人，并对生活在沿海社区并依赖渔业为生的数百万人构成生存威胁)”可知，这些都是气候变化对海洋的一些影响。由此可知，气候变化对海洋的一些影响将在未来几年显现出来。由此推知，划线词unfold与show up(出现)意思接近。故选C。
D
School field trips have been part of the educational experience for children across the US for decades. While many schools believe there’s value in letting students develop socially with out-of-classroom experiences, measuring the influence and the value of field trips is difficult. And showing the value of out-of- class time can be challenging for teachers tasked with providing a good education.
As such, many art venues, science museums and zoos have reported drops in field trip attendance. Teachers and students have also reported falling numbers of school supported trips, particularly for minority students in academically low-performing schools.
But thanks to new research from Brigham Young University and the Heritage Foundation the value of field trips is finally being understood. The study used an experimental design and randomly assigned fourth-and fifth-grade students from fifteen elementary schools in Atlanta to join in three field trips during a school year. The field trips included a trip to a gallery, a live theater performance and a symphony concert.
Students who attended three different field trips in the fourth or fifth grade scored higher on end-of-grade exams, received higher course grades, were absent less often and had fewer behavioral problems. Besides academic(学业的) improvements， students who took part in field trips were more likely to express a desire to have careerism related fields in the future. In parents’ opinion, they are very interested in the academic quality of their children’s schools, but they’re also interested in the social skills and social engagement habits they develop. Field trips are easy ways to help facilitate both.
“We expected that field trips wouldn’t harm test scores. However, we never predicted the all-around improvements for students who joined in these field trips,” said Eriekson, a researcher in the study. “One potential reason for this is that field trips widen students’ world concepts and introduce them to new ideas. Similarly, students might be more engaged in school thanks to field trips. Students find school more exciting and want to try harder in class.”
12. Why do the number of school field trips drop?
A. Teachers give students too many tasks.
B. Schools have great problems with money.
C. The value of field trips is hard to be measured.
D. Students have difficulty in academic learning.
13. What is the theme of the field trips in the study?
A. Art.
B. Nature.
C. Sports.
D. Technology.
14. What can we infer about students who joined in the study?
A. They have more interests.
B. They have more self-control.
C. They become more creative.
D. They become more expressive.
15. What is Erickson’s attitude towards the result of the study?
A. Doubtful.
B. Surprised.
C. Disappointed.
D. Negative.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述由于实地考察的价值难以衡量，所以学校实地考察次数减少，但一项研究表明，参加实地考察的学生考试成绩更高，在课堂上表现更好。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“…measuring the influence and the value of field trips is difficult. And showing the value of out-of- class time can be challenging for teachers tasked with providing a good education.(但是衡量实地考察的影响和价值是困难的。对于负责提供良好教育的教师来说，展示课外时间的价值是一个挑战。)”可知，实地考察的价值很难被衡量，所以学校实地考察的次数下降了。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The field trips included a trip to a gallery, a live theater performance and a symphony concert.(实地考察包括参观艺术博物馆、现场戏剧表演和交响音乐会)”可知，在这项研究中实地考察的主题是艺术。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Students who attended three different field trips in the fourth or fifth grade scored higher on end-of-grade exams, received higher course grades, were absent less often and had fewer behavioral problems.(在四年级或五年级参加过三次不同实地考察的学生，在期末考试中得分更高，课程成绩更高，缺课次数更少，行为问题也更少)”可知，参加这项研究中的实地考察的学生缺课次数和行为问题更少，由此可推知，他们自控能力更好。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Erickson说的话“We expected that field trips wouldn’t harm test scores. However, we never predicted the all-around improvements for students who joined in these field trips(我们原以为实地考察不会影响考试成绩。然而，我们从未预料到参加这些实地考察的学生会有全面的进步)”可知，研究结果出乎Erickson的预料，他应是对此感到惊讶。故选B。
第二节 七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The student syndrome (综合症) is a phenomenon where a large number of students put off doing things until right before the deadline (最后期限). ____16____ Since it involves unnecessary delay, it usually leads to negative results for those who display it. They will feel stressed and overwhelmed, and the task seems to be never finished.
To avoid the student syndrome, you should figure out what’s causing you to delay in the first place,and then use some techniques. ____17____
Break your tasks into small and manageable steps. For example, if you need to write an article, you can start with small steps, such as figuring out the title, creating a rough description, and finding five appropriate academic sources. Keep it in mind that if the project in question is large, then you generally shouldn’t worry about figuring out all the steps to it from the very beginning. ____18____ Then find new steps as you make progress along the way. This helps you avoid feeling upset and getting stuck.
____19____ For example if you have a single deadline for completing a large research paper, set additional deadlines along the way for completing specific parts of it. These additional deadlines to be met will make the very large research paper more manageable and less frightening.
Find your productivity cycles. People’s ability to complete certain tasks is different based on a great many factors such as the time of day. For example, it may be the case that you’re best able to concentrate on difficult tasks early in the morning, before you’ve started dealing with emails or minor administrative aspects of your job. ____20____
Follow these techniques and you are unlikely to wait until the last minute.
A. Establish specific goals for yourself.
B. Set intermediate (中间的) deadlines for yourself.
C. They can help you take action in a timely manner.
D. This phenomenon can be considered to be a form of delay.
E. You should take this into account when scheduling your work.
F. Instead, start by finding the first few steps that you need to take.
G. You should change your environment to make it easier for yourself to get started.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. F 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了学生综合症以及避免学生综合症的一些技巧。
【16题详解】
上文“The student syndrome (综合症) is a phenomenon where a large number of students put off doing things until right before the deadline (最后期限).(学生综合症是指很多学生把事情推迟到截止日期前才做的现象)”解释了什么是学生综合症，结合下文“Since it involves unnecessary delay(因为它涉及到不必要的延迟)”可知，空处应是提及学生综合症与延迟的关系，D项“这种现象可以被认为是延迟的一种形式”符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
上文“To avoid the student syndrome, you should figure out what’s causing you to delay in the first place, and then use some techniques.(为了避免学生综合症，你应该首先弄清楚是什么原因导致你拖延，然后使用一些技巧)”提到可以使用一些避免学生综合症的技巧，空处应是接着说这些技巧的作用，C项“它们可以帮助你及时采取行动”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
上文“Keep it in mind that if the project in question is large, then you generally shouldn’t worry about figuring out all the steps to it from the very beginning.(请记住，如果所讨论的项目是大型的，那么您通常不应该担心从一开始就确定所有步骤)”提到讨论大型项目时，不应该从一开始就确定所有步骤，空处应是接着说而是应该怎么做，F项“相反，从找到你需要采取的最初步骤开始”符合语境。故选F。
【19题详解】
空处是段落主题句，根据下文“For example, if you have a single deadline for completing a large research paper, set additional deadlines along the way for completing specific parts of it.(例如，如果你有一个完成一篇大型研究论文的截止日期，那么在完成具体部分的过程中设置额外的截止日期)”可知，本段主要讲述在大型论文的过程中设置截止日期，B项“为自己设定中间期限”符合语境，故选B。
【20题详解】
上文“For example, it may be the case that you’re best able to concentrate on difficult tasks early in the morning, before you’ve started dealing with emails or minor administrative aspects of your job.(例如，在你开始处理电子邮件或工作中次要的行政方面之前，你可能在清晨最能集中精力处理困难的任务)”举例说可能在清晨最能集中精力处理困难的任务，所以在安排工作时要考虑这一点，把困难的任务安排在清晨，E项“在安排工作时，你应该考虑到这一点”符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分50分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I always described myself as a perfectionist. To me, it meant that I had high____21____ cared about everything I did and I always did my best.
____22____, then I started to notice that I was a quitter, not a trier. I____23____ anything I wasn’t immediately good at. Each time I made a____24____, no matter how small, I dropped that task or interest. I was so afraid of____25____ I wasn’t even trying anymore.
Actually there was so much I____26____ to try, but I never had a go at them. What if I failed? The idea was so____27____ that it was easier to leave it as an unknown.
Then one day I spotted an art supply store when I went outside a shopping center. Before I could____28____ myself, I bought a tiny set of paints, some paper and brushes.
I headed home full of____29____,opened them up, and started painting. And the results were really bad. ____30____, I pushed everything into a drawer(抽屉) and decided to forget the idea. But later I got the paints back and started again. I was still poor at painting, but my____31____ this time wasn’t reduced. I decided to share my progress on social media!
Now, three years later, I paint almost every day and have____32____ my own art business. I regularly fail and make a mess, but I____33____ give up. Even better, I’m constantly trying new subjects. I’ve had experiences that a few years ago I couldn’t have____34____. I just keep going. Now I’m no longer____35____ perfection; I’m simply enjoying the process.
21. A. rates B. qualities C. standards D. degrees
22. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. Otherwise
23. A. brought out B. ended up C. got over D. gave up
24. A. difference B. comment C. mistake D. decision
25. A. failure B. danger C. harm D. shame
26. A. pressed B. struggled C. managed D. desired
27. A. unaffordable B. unbearable C. unbelievable D. unsuitable
28. A. trick B. target C. prevent D. question
29. A. expectations B. achievements C. beliefs D. memories
30. A. Frightened B. Stressed C. Concerned D. Low-spirited
31. A. reflection B. motivation C. responsibility D. ability
32. A. brought up B. signed up C. built up D. picked up
33. A. never B. also C. even D. ever
34. A. ignored B. prepared C. considered D. imagined
35. A. acquiring B. seeking C. concentrating D. completing
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者从追求完美，轻言放弃且不敢尝试到虽然经常犯错却不会放弃，学会享受过程，不再追求事事完美的改变。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这意味着我有很高的标准关心我所做的每一件事，我总是尽我最大的努力。A. rates速度，比率；B. qualities质量；C. standards标准；D. degrees程度。根据上文“I always described myself as a perfectionist.(我总是把自己描述成一个完美主义者)”可知，作者是一个完美主义者，所以应是对做事情有很高的标准，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，然后我开始注意到我是一个放弃者，而不是一个尝试者。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Moreover此外；D. Otherwise否则。上文提到作者是个完美主义者，与下文“然后我开始注意到我是一个放弃者，而不是一个尝试者”之间是转折关系，应用副词However，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我放弃任何我不擅长的东西。A. brought out出版，生产；B. ended up结束；C. got over克服；D. gave up放弃。根据上文“I was a quitter”可知，作者总是放弃自己不擅长的东西，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我犯了一个错误，无论多么小，我都放弃了那个任务或兴趣。A. difference差异；B. comment评论，意见；C. mistake错误；D. decision决定。根据“I dropped that task or interest”可知，此处指每当犯了错误就放弃任务，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我太害怕失败了，甚至都不再尝试了。A. failure失败；B. danger危险；C. harm伤害；D. shame羞耻。上文提到每当犯了错误就放弃任务，结合空后“I wasn’t even trying anymore”可知，作者是害怕失败，所以不敢尝试任何事情，下一段中“What if I failed?(要是失败了怎么办？)”也是提示。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我想尝试的东西太多了，但我从来没有尝试过。A. pressed压，挤；B. struggled挣扎，奋斗；C. managed管理，勉力完成；D. desired渴望。此处与下文“but I never had a go at them”是转折关系，所以指作者有很多想要尝试的事情，但是从来没有行动过，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个想法是如此难以忍受，所以还是把它当作一个未知的东西留在那里比较容易。A. unaffordable支付不起的；B. unbearable难以忍受的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. unsuitable不合适的。根据上文“What if I failed?(要是失败了怎么办？)”及空后“it was easier to leave it as an unknown(所以还是把它当作一个未知的东西留在那里比较容易)”可知，作者难以忍受会失败的想法，所以不去尝试任何事情，把它们都留作未知，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及阻止自己，就买了一小套颜料、一些纸和刷子。A. trick欺骗；B. target把……作为目标；C. prevent阻止；D. question提问。上文提到作者总是放弃一些事情，结合空后的“I bought a tiny set of paints, some paper and brushes”可知，此处指还没来得及阻止自己，就买了一些颜料等，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我满怀期待地回到家，打开它们，开始画画。A. expectations期望；B. achievements成就；C. beliefs信念；D. memories记忆。根据“opened them up, and started painting”可知，作者买了画画的工具后应是满怀期待地回到家开始作画，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：情绪低落的我把所有东西都塞进抽屉里，决定忘掉这个念头。A. Frightened害怕的；B. Stressed紧张的；C. Concerned担心的；D. Low-spirited无精打采的。根据“And the results were really bad.(结果真的很糟糕)”可知，结果不如人意，所以作者应是无精打采地把东西都收起来，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我画画还是很差，但这次我的动力并没有减弱。A. reflection反映；B. motivation动力；C. responsibility责任；D. ability能力。根据转折词“but”及下文“I decided to share my progress on social media!(我决定在社交媒体上分享我的进步！)”可知，虽然还是不擅长画画，但作者的动力没有减弱，决心继续画，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：三年后的今天，我几乎每天都在画画，并建立了自己的艺术事业。A. brought up养育；B. signed up报名；C. built up建立，逐步增长；D. picked up捡起。根据“I paint almost every day”可知，作者每天都画画，逐步建立起自己的艺术事业，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我经常失败，把事情弄得一团糟，但我从不放弃。A. never从未；B. also也；C. even甚至；D. ever曾经。根据转折词“but”及下文“Even better, I’m constantly trying new subjects.(更好的是，我一直在尝试新的主题)”可知，虽然经常失败，但是作者从没有放弃，强调和以前总是放弃的对比，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有了几年前我无法想象的经历。A. ignored忽视；B. prepared准备；C. considered考虑；D. imagined想象。根据上文“Even better, I’m constantly trying new subjects.(更好的是，我一直在尝试新的主题)”可知，作者现在不仅不会轻言放弃，还会尝试新事物，这是几年前无法想象的改变，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我不再追求完美；我只是在享受这个过程。A. acquiring获得；B. seeking寻找，寻求；C. concentrating集中注意力；D. completing完成。根据“I’m simply enjoying the process.”可知，作者现在指享受做事情的过程，不再追求完美，故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How to Deal With Frenemies (亦敌亦友)
Have you ever had a friend who plans to hang out but cancels when a____36____ (good) offer comes along? Or a buddy who drops everything to lend you a hand but later talks about you behind your back? These problematic friends____37____ (know) as “frenemies.”
The term can be used to describe those relationships____38____ can raise you up in one case, but pull you crashing down in another. In these troublesome relationships,encouragement and____39____(warm) go hand in hand with criticism (批评), envy and rejection. It’s a friend who drives you crazy. You don’t want to lose them, ____40____ they are really a pain.
Researchers have found that such ties can have a negative effect____41____ the mental and physical well-being of a person, the results of which can lead to high blood pressure, an increased risk for depression (抑郁) and a lowered ability____42____ (fight) stress. However, if you want to keep your frenemies-and most people do-there are things you can do to reduce these____43____(harm) effects.
No friendship is perfect. Whether your friend is worth it____44____ (depend) on what he or she means to you. But either way, you can work on keeping up your end of the friendship. Start with_____45_____ (control) your own behavior and being the kind of friend, you’d want others to be for you.
【答案】36. better
37. are known
38. that##which
39. warmth 40. but
41. upon##on
42. to fight
43. harmful
44. depends
45. controlling
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了如何处理亦敌亦友的关系。
【36题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：你是否有过这样的朋友，他计划和你一起出去玩，但当一个更好的邀请出现时，他取消了约会？根据句意及常识可知，此处指“当一个更好的邀请出现时，他取消了约会”，应用形容词比较级。故填better。
【37题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：这些有问题的朋友被称为“友敌”。know与主语These problematic friends是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填are known。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这个词可以用来描述那些在一种情况下让你振作起来，但在另一种情况下让你崩溃的关系。此处是定语从句，先行词是relationships，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：在这些麻烦的关系中，鼓励和温暖总是伴随着批评、嫉妒和拒绝。此处与encouragement作并列主语，应用名词warmth，不可数。故填warmth。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：你不想失去他们，但他们真地是一种痛苦。前后句意存在转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：研究人员发现，这种联系会对一个人的精神和身体健康产生负面影响，其结果可能会导致高血压，增加患抑郁症的风险，降低对抗压力的能力。固定搭配have an effect upon/on“对……有影响”。故填upon或on。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。ability后常用不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的能力”。故填to fight。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，如果你想保持友敌关系——大多数人都是这样做的——你可以做一些事情来减少这些有害的影响。根据上文可知，友敌关系会对一个人的精神和身体健康产生负面影响。由此可知，此处指“你可以做一些事情来减少这些有害的影响”，应用形容词harmful，修饰名词effects。故填harmful。
【44题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：你的朋友是否值得你这样做，取决于他或她对你意味着什么。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；空前是whether引导的主语从句，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填depends。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从控制自己的行为开始，做那种你希望别人为你做的朋友。此处与being the kind of friend作介词with的并列宾语，应用动名词。故填controlling。
第三节 单词拼写(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
根据所给中文或首字母，在空白处填入恰当所学单词，使句子表达意思完整准确。
注意：每空填一个单词。请将完整的单词填到答题纸上!
46. After her conversation with Mr. Zhou, Maggie wrote a p________ for a new school club.(根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】proposal##roposal
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：与周先生谈话后，玛吉写了一份关于学校新俱乐部的提案。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词proposal，由空前不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形作宾语。故填proposal。

47. These ________(外在的) influences are always present, but there are certainly ways to deal with them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】external
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些外部影响总是存在的，但肯定有办法处理它们。根据汉语提示可知，external外在的，形容词作定语修饰名词 influences 。故填external。
48. More often than not close friendships will help s________ out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】smooth##mooth
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：通常情况下，亲密的友谊会帮助我们踏平时而坎坷却又注定要经过的道路。根据“the sometimes rocky road”及首字母提示可知，smooth使光滑，动词，help do sth帮助做某事，故空处用动词原形。故填smooth。
49. As we get older, our bodies become less _________ (效率高的)at burning up calories. （根据汉语意思填空）
【答案】efficient
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：随着年龄的增长，我们身体消耗卡路里的效率越来越低。根据所给句子和汉语提示可推出是形容词efficient“高效的”，此处作为主句的表语。故填efficient。
50. Just remember that it is completely normal to struggle with the stress that parents-children________(紧张关系) create. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】tensions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：只要记住，父母和孩子之间的紧张关系所造成的压力是完全正常的。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词tension，设空处在that引导的同位语从句中作主语，由谓语动词create可知，主语应用名词复数形式。故填tensions。
51. The old photo taken 20 years ago lies on the table, always r________ me of the old happy memories. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】reminding##eminding
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：桌上放着20年前的老照片，总是让我想起过去的快乐回忆。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词remind“使想起”，与主语old photo是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，表主动。故填reminding。

52. As we know, noise pollution and light pollution in big cities have c________ to sleep problems. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】contributed##ontributed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们知道，大城市的噪音污染和光污染导致了睡眠问题。根据首字母提示可知为contribute，设空处前为have，可知该句使用了现在完成时，所以空处需用过去分词contributed。故填contributed。
53. This new system of the company is friendly and operating________(灵活地) and conveniently. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】flexibly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：公司的新系统友好，操作灵活方便。空处和副词conveniently并列，应填副词修饰动词operating，根据汉语提示可知，flexibly灵活地，副词。故填flexibly。
54. A young woman_________(寻求，寻找) explanation from a brain scientist when she noticed her unusual memory. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sought
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：一位年轻女子注意到自己的记忆力异常时，向一位大脑科学家寻求解释。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用动词seek，由when she noticed her unusual memory可知，句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填sought。

55. Facial expressions are often different, which makes face________(识别，辨认) less effective. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：面部表情往往不同，这使得面部识别效果较差。空处应填名词作宾语，结合汉语提示可知，recognition识别，辨认，不可数名词。故填recognition。
第四节 句子翻译(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)
根据括号里所给关键词或要求将句子翻译成英文。
注意：请将句子写到答题纸上相应位置。
56. 在你全面考虑之后，冷静地解释你的行为和感受，仔细倾听，并设法消除他们的顾虑。(动作链描写)(汉译英)
【答案】After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address their concerns.
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句和祈使句。“在你全面考虑之后”使用after引导时间状语从句，“全面考虑”使用动词短语think through，从句用现在完成时，“冷静地解释你的行为和感受，仔细倾听，并设法消除他们的顾虑”使用祈使句，“解释”、“倾听”和“消除”是三个并列的动作，分别使用动词explain、listen和address，用并列连词and连接，“冷静地”使用副词calmly，“仔细”使用副词carefully，均修饰动词，“顾虑”使用名词复数concerns，祈使句以动词原形开头，故翻译为：After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address their concerns.
57. 这里友谊有双重优势——幸福具有更大的意义，分担的烦恼减半。(汉译英)
【答案】Here friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、动词及时态。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；“这里”译为here，“友谊”译为friendship，“有双重优势”译为have a double advantage，“幸福”译为happiness，“具有更大的意义”译为take on a greater meaning，“分担的烦恼”译为a trouble shared，过去分词作后置定语，“减半”译为become a trouble halved。结合其他提示，故翻译为Here friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved.

58. 我们强烈鼓励所有青少年遵从这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的强身健体方式。(动名词作主语)(汉译英)
【答案】We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips, because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和非谓语动词。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，“鼓励”使用动词encourage，“强烈”使用副词strongly修饰动词encourage，encourage sb to do sth，“遵从”使用动词follow，“这些生活方式的建议”译为these lifestyle tips；“因为”使用because引导原因状语从句，“好好生活”译为live well，用动名词形式作主语，be动词用is，“健康、有效”使用并列形容词safe和effective，此处用最高级形式，“方式”使用名词way，“强身健体”使用动词短语get into shape，用动词不定式作定语修饰名词way，故翻译为：We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips, because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
59. 我已经收到了你的来信，在信中你提到了你想通过不吃饭来减肥。(定语从句)(汉译英)
【答案】I have received your letter, where/in which you mentioned that you wanted to lose weight by skipping meals.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句、宾语从句和时态。根据句意及题目要求可知，“我已经收到了你的来信”做主句，使用现在完成时，表示过去的事情对现在产生的影响，译为I have received your letter；“在信中你提到了你想通过不吃饭来减肥”使用非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词your letter，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where或in which引导，从句动作已发生，应用一般过去时，“提到”译为mention，“你想通过不吃饭来减肥”作mention的宾语从句，句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实义的that引导，从句也要使用一般过去时，故译为that you wanted to lose weight by skipping meals。结合句意提示，故翻译为I have received your letter, where/in which you mentioned that you wanted to lose weight by skipping meals.

60. 她辜负了父母的期望，这件事使她逐渐丧失自信。(live;eat)(汉译英)
【答案】She failed to live up to her parents’ expectations, which is eating away at her self-confidence.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语及时态。“她辜负了父母的期望”可以作为主句，陈述的动作已完成，应用一般过去时；“这件事使她逐渐丧失自信”可以使用非限定性定语从句，陈述现在正在发生的事情，应用现在进行时。“辜负了（她的）父母的期望”可译为fail to live up to her parents’ expectations，“使她逐渐丧失自信”可译为eat away at her self-confidence。结合其他句意，故翻译为She failed to live up to her parents’ expectations, which is eating away at her self-confidence.

第四部分 应用文写作(满分20分)
61. 假如你是李华， 你的英国笔友Jack来信向你求助，说进入高中后因为考试压力大，晚上常常难以入眠或半夜易醒，睡眠问题对健康和学习产生了不良影响。请你用英请给他回一封信，主要内容包括：
1. 表示理解和安慰；
2. 提出至少2条建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
I’m sorry to hear that you are having trouble getting a good night’s sleep due to stress from exams. Don’t worry, as you are not alone. Try the following tips to see if they help.
Firstly, you’d better make some changes in your lifestyle ranging from schedules to diets. Go to bed and wake around the same time each day and avoid drinks that may keep you from sleeping, such as coffee and tea. Additionally, clear your head of stress and worry from your day before bedtime. Remember, exams are just a way to find the weaknesses in your learning process. Hence you don’t have to worry too much about the results. Hope my suggestions will be of use to you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jack回一封信，对于他最近遭遇的问题表示理解和安慰，并提出建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
做某事有困难：have trouble doing→have difficulty doing
由于：due to→because of
此外：additionally→what’s more
因此：hence→therefore
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Firstly, you’d better make some changes in your lifestyle ranging from schedules to diets.
拓展句：Firstly, you’d better make some changes in your lifestyle which range from schedules to diets.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to hear that you are having trouble getting a good night’s sleep due to stress from exams. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Don’t worry, as you are not alone.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型3】Go to bed and wake around the same time each day and avoid drinks that may keep you from sleeping, such as coffee and tea.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
听力答案：1-5 BAACC;6-10 ABBAB; 11-15 CBAAB; 16-20 ACCCB