(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修一 Welcome unit Language Points (含解析)

www.ks5u.comWELCOME UNIT　Language points

请同学们认真完成 [练案2]

一、语言基础训练

Ⅰ.请按照要求找出下列句子的成分并画线

1．__The teacher__ with two of his students is walking into the classroom.(主语)

2．Tom __didn’t do__ his homework yesterday.(谓语)

3．I learned __many new words__ last class.(宾语)

4．The old man was __very tired__.(表语)

5．She asks the children __to read newspapers and books__ in the reading－room.(宾语补足语)

6．The students followed Uncle Wang __to see the other machine.(状语)

7．Mr. Li is going to teach __us history__ next term.(直接宾语和间接宾语)

Ⅱ.请按要求翻译下列句子

1．那天早上我们谈了很多。(SV)

__That morning we talked a lot.__

2．今天下午我想和你谈谈。(SVO)

__I want to talk with you this afternoon.__

3．孩子们现在很安静。(SP)

__The children are very quiet now.__

4．请把词典递给我好吗？(SVIO DO)

__Would you please pass me the dictionary？__

5．他们发现清理这些脏桌子很难。(SVO OC)

__They found it difficult to clean the dirty tables.__

6．我们到了那里。(SVA)

__We arrived there.__

7．他昨天做完了功课。(SVOA)

__He finished his homework yesterday.__

8．这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。(There be...)

__There is a music teacher and an art teacher at the school.__

Ⅲ.按照要求，写出下列句型简称

1．There happened to be a bus nearby.(There＋系动词)

2．They named the girl Susan.(S＋V＋O＋C)

3．She told me how to understand the article.(S＋V＋IO＋DO)

4．The leaves are turning greener and greener.(S＋P)

5．She wants to ask a question.(S＋V＋O)

6．He runs fast in the street.(S＋V＋A)

二、培优提升训练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

We have most friends at the age of 26 after having spent the first quarter of our lives building up our friendship circle, a new research has claimed.

The research into friendship shows that our social circle peaks at 26 years and 7 months, at which we typically have five close friends.Women are most popular at 25 years and 10 months, with men hitting the highest friendship point a little later at 27 years and 3 months.

The research, by Forever Friends, shows that about a third of adults meet their closest friends while at school, with about a fifth saying they meet them at work.

Social networks such as Facebook and Twitter now also play a major role in building new friendship.The research points out that 25 to 34－year－olds make 22 friends via Facebook, compared to 18 to 24－year－olds who make 12, and 35 to 44－year－olds who make just four.

Forever Friends’ relationship coach Sam Owen says, “It is no coincidence that over a third of us meet our best friends at school.It is a key time in our lives when friendship is growing through sharing notes, giving gifts, seeing each other regularly and laughing a lot.As adults we can often forget how powerful these small things are and how the little things can make a difference.”

Later in life we find ourselves losing friends.Over half of us lose friendship through moving, while 36% say that over time they grow apart from close pals.Having children also causes 19% to drift away from childhood friends.

With growing pressures being put on friendship these days, it’s important to make time for our friendship.

文章大意：研究表明，我们在26岁时拥有最多的朋友，但是随着时间的推移，我们的朋友会减少。

1．How many friends can a 20－year－old college student make via Facebook？__B__

A．4.　　　　　　　　 B．12.

C．18. D．22.

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“via Facebook, compared to 18 to 24－year－olds who make 12”可知，通过脸谱网年龄在18到24岁的人可以交到12个朋友。故B项正确。

2．In Paragraph 5, the author is trying to tell the readers __D__.

A．how important making friends is

B．that friendship is not easy to keep

C．how much has been done to keep friendship

D．that friendship at school is important

解析：细节理解题。根据第五段Sam Owen所讲的话“It is a key time in our lives...other regularly and laughing a lot.”可知，学校时光是人生中建立友谊的重要阶段，这时候的友谊成长于分享笔记、赠送礼物、互相探望、一起欢笑中。故D项正确。

3．The underlined phrase “drift away from” in Paragraph 6 means “__B__”．

A．make sense of              B．lose contact with

C．feel sorry for                D．make up with

解析：词义猜测题。根据第六段的第二句“Over half of us lost friendship...apart from close pals.”及画线词所在句“Having children also causes 19% to...childhood friends.”可以判断，画线词意为“失去联系”。故B项正确。

4．This passage is most probably taken from __D__.

A．Facebook or Twitter        B．an advertisement

C．a textbook                  D．a newspaper

解析：文章出处题。根据第一段中的“a new research has claimed”以及最后一段中的“these days”，再结合选项可以判断，本文最可能摘自报纸。故D项正确。

Ⅱ.完形填空

Once upon a time in a land far away，there was a __1.B__ old man who loved everything such as: animals，spiders，insects.

One day __2.C__ walking through the woods, the nice old man found a cocoon (茧) of a butterfly.He took it home.

A few days later，a small  opening appeared；he sat and watched the butterfly for several hours __3.C__ it struggled to force its body through that little hole.Then it seemed to stop __4.A__ any progress.It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go __5.C__ farther.

Then the man came up to help the butterfly，so he took a pair of scissors and __6.D__ the remaining bit of the cocoon.

The butterfly then came out easily.

__7.D__ it had a swollen body and small，shriveled (皱缩的)  wings.The man was concerned about the butterfly because he expected that，at any moment，the wings would __8.A__ and expand to be able to support the body，which would contract(收缩) in time.However，neither happened! __9.C__，the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings.

It never was able to __10.B__.

What the man in his kindness and haste (轻率) did not understand was that the restricting (限制) __11.D__ and the struggle required for the butterfly to __12.B__ the tiny opening were nature’s way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its __13.A__ from the cocoon.

Sometimes __14.A__ are exactly what we need in our life.If we were allowed to go through our life without any obstacles，it would cripple us.We would not be as __15.D__ as what we could have been.

And we could never fly.

文章大意：本文为记叙文。一位善良的老人用剪刀帮助蝴蝶破茧而出，但他不知道这样做反而使蝴蝶再也不能飞翔。有时候，挣扎正是我们需要经历的，它会使我们变得更强壮。

1．A．cold B．kind

C．polite D．upset

解析：考查形容词辨析。cold 冷的；kind善良的；polite礼貌的；upset失望的。根据后面“old man who loved everything”可知，有一位善良的老人，他热爱一切。故选B。

2．A．unless B．if

C．while D．because

解析：考查连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；while当……时候，然而；because因为。根据语境可知，“一天，当这位善良的老人穿过树林时发现了一只蝴蝶的茧”，while意为“当……时候”。故选C。

3．A．and B．until

C．as D．since

解析：考查连词辨析。and和；until 一直到；as当……时候；since自从。此处是指“当它挣扎着把身体从那个小洞里出来时，老人坐在那儿观察它”。故选C。

4．A．making B．coming

C．getting D．suffering

解析：考查固定搭配及动词辨析。making制造；coming 来；getting得到；suffering遭受。根据“It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could”及后面老人帮助蝴蝶破茧可知，此处是指此时的蝴蝶没有任何进展。make progress为固定搭配，意为“取得进展”。因此选A。

5．A．any B．more

C．no D．much

解析：考查副词辨析。any稍微；more更；no不，一点也没有；much非常。根据语境可知，蝴蝶此时似乎没有进展，好像不能继续更进一步。故选C。

6．A．turn on B．take part in

C．cut down D．cut open

解析：考查动词短语辨析。turn on打开；take part in参加；cut down减少；cut open切开。根据“so he took a pair of scissors”可知，老人用剪刀把茧剩余的部分剪开(cut open)。故选D。

7．A．Gradually B．Even

C．So D．But

解析：考查副词及连词辨析。Gradually渐渐地，慢慢地；Even甚至；So 因此；But但是。根据“__7__ it had a swollen body and small，shriveled(皱缩的) wings.”可知，此处表示转折，即“蝴蝶很容易就出来了，但它的身体肿胀，翅膀小而干瘪”。故选D。

8．A．enlarge B．shorten

C．frighten D．darken

解析：考查动词辨析。enlarge 扩大；shorten缩短；frighten 使害怕；darken变暗。由上文对蝴蝶的描写可知，此处是指老人盼望着蝴蝶的翅膀能变大(enlarge)展开，以支撑它的身体。故选A。

9．A．At present B．In ruins

C．In fact D．On purpose

解析：考查短语辨析。At present目前，现在；In ruins 成为废墟；In fact事实上；On purpose故意地。根据语境及常识可知，事实上(In fact)这只蝴蝶在它的余生中只能拖着肿胀的身体和皱缩的翅膀爬行。故选C。

10．A．run B．fly

C．move D．walk

解析：考查动词辨析。run 跑；fly飞；move 移动；walk散步。根据前文内容“the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling”，可知，这只蝴蝶永远不能飞(fly)了。故选B。

11．A．wing B．tail

C．head D．cocoon

解析：考查名词辨析。wing翅膀；tail尾巴；head头；cocoon蚕茧，茧。根据常识及前文的内容可知茧的束缚和挣扎是必要的。故选D。

12．A．go for B．go through

C．go away D．go into

解析：考查动词短语辨析。go for追求；go through穿过，经历；go away走开；go into进入，调查。前文“it struggled to force its body through that little hole”提示，可知此处是指蝴蝶穿过(go through)小裂缝，破茧而出。故选B。

13．A．freedom B．track

C．loneliness D．route

解析：考查名词辨析。freedom自由；track轨迹；loneliness孤独，寂寞；route路，路线。根据语境可知，蝴蝶一旦摆脱了茧的束缚，就获得了自由(freedom)。故选A。

14．A．struggles B．cares

C．cracks D．injures

解析：考查名词辨析。struggles斗争，奋斗，努力；cares 关心，在意；cracks裂缝；injures伤害。根据前文中的“the restricting (限制)__11__ and the struggle required”可知，“挣扎(struggles)在生活中是必要的”。故选A。

15．A．weak B．hopeful

C．joyful D．strong

解析：考查形容词辨析。 weak弱的；hopeful有希望的；joyful快乐的；strong强壮的。此处是指“如果我们的一生不经历任何的挑战，我们就会变得软弱，就不可能变得我们本应有的那么强壮(strong)”。分析选项可知D符合题意。故选D。

Ⅲ.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I’m Jan Hasek，__1.an__ old miner from the Czech Republic.In April 1945 I __2.heard__(hear) something explode at midnight.I got up and __3.ran__(run) outside.The sound came from a mine __4.that/which__hadn’t been used for a long time.__5.Suddenly__(sudden)，I saw some German soldiers by the light of the moon.They were taking wooden __6.boxes__(box) from trucks and putting them in the mine.

A week later I decided __7.to go__(go) and see for myself.To my surprise, the entrance to the mine was closed.Some people say __8.that__ the Amber Room and some gold were buried __9.in the mine.I think __10.it__ might be so，as the Amber Room has never been found.

文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一位来自捷克共和国的老矿工曾经看到有一些德国士兵把一些木质箱子埋到了矿井里。后来听说琥珀屋和一些金子被埋在那里。

解析：

1．考查冠词。句意：我是Jan Hasek，一位来自捷克共和国的老矿工。泛指“一位老矿工”，old的首字母发音是元音。所以填不定冠词an。

2．考查时态。根据时间状语In April 1945可判断出是发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。所以填heard。

3．考查时态。句意：我起身向外跑。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填ran。

4．考查定语从句。__4__ hadn’t been used for a long time是一个定语从句，a mine是先行词，关系词在从句中作主语，指物。所以填that/which。

5．考查副词。句意：突然，借着月光，我看到一些德国士兵。修饰整个句子，用副词。所以填Suddenly。

6．考查名词单复数。句意：他们把卡车上的木箱子搬到矿井里。“木箱子”是复数意义，用名词复数。所以填boxes。

7．考查固定结构。一周后，我决定亲自去看看。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，是固定结构。所以填to go。

8．考查宾语从句。__8__ the Amber Room and some gold were buried __9__ the mine是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，也没有什么实际意义。所以填that。

9．考查固定短语。句意：有人说琥珀屋和一些金子被埋在矿井里。bury in“将……埋葬在……”。所以填in。

10．考查代词。句意：我想可能是这样，因为琥珀屋再也没有被找到过。指代上文提到过的内容。所以填it。