(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修一 Unit 3 Sports and fitness Grammar (含解析)

www.ks5u.comUnit 3　Sports and fitness Grammar

请同学们认真完成 [练案15]

一、语言基础训练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．John __competed__(竞争) for a place at the school，but didn’t get in.

2．If you __pretend__(假装) to know what you don’t know，you’ll only make a fool of yourself.

3．The total cost of the project would be more than $240 __million__(百万)．

4．I didn’t know that he was a __cheat__(骗子)，or else I wouldn’t have believed him.

5．The target __audience__(观众) for this advertisement was mainly teenagers.

6．He finished his work in a __positive__(积极的) way.

7．__Stress__(压力) and lack of sleep can worsen the situation.

8．No payments were made last week because of a computer __error__(差错)．

9．The dancers were all tall and __graceful__(优雅的)．

10．When it comes to __failure__(失败)，different people hold different attitudes (态度) towards it.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．The two companies have to compete against each other __for__ customers.

2．She pretended __to be__(be) ill and took a day off work.

3．You’ll __be cheated__(cheat) if you don’t watch out.

4．Things can easily go wrong when people are __under__ stress.

5．Here，read the sentence.It doesn’t seem __to make__(make) sense.

6．I need some tomatoes.Can you help me cut them __up__?

7．Does it make any __difference__(different) whether he comes or not?

8．We have decided to visit the museum even __if__ it rains tomorrow.

9．What attracted him is her personality rather __than__ her beauty.

10．Compared __to/with__ last year，we have made great progress.

Ⅲ.选词填空

make sense，even if，make a difference，rather than，cut out，now and then，compare with1.Try to __cut out__ the expensive activities that you can do without.

2．Every __now and then__，I get a little helpless, and I’m longing like a child to be loved.

3．We’ll do something to __make a difference__ to environment.

4．I said this out of a desire to speak two more sentences, __rather than__ as an explanation.

5．People thought what I was doing did not __make sense__ and was wrong，.

6．__Even if__ you can figure it out, it’s better to ask for a quick overview.

7．Then there is the question of how the new methods __compare with__ existing approaches.

二、培优提升训练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

If you live in Shanghai，Beijing or many other cities，you may see many orange bicycles on the streets these days.

These bikes are owned by a company called Mobike.You can order a bike through an app on your phone.When you find a bike，you just scan a QR code (扫描二维码) on the bike so you can use it.You don’t need to return the bike to a station—you can park it anywhere.

China was known as “the kingdom of bicycles” about 30 years ago.But more people choose to drive cars and catch the subway these days.Bike rental(租赁的) services like Mobike are bringing bikes back.

“Back then，I got the feeling that Chinese people were trying to be modern and push away the past.So they did not want to be linked with bicycles，” said Ines Brunn，a German woman who runs a bike store in Beijing.“I do believe changes in people’s tastes will shape new thinking about bikes.”

Online rental services are making biking more convenient，but it’s still not easy to ride bikes in Chinese cities.Cars often take up bicycle lanes (道路)．Bikers have to ride next to cars in car lanes，which can be very dangerous.

Beijing plans to build over 3,200 km of new bike lanes.Drivers who drive in bike lanes will be punished.Traffic signs will be put up to better protect bikers.

文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在中国很多城市出现了一种新型的自行车——摩拜单车，人们可以通过手机上相应的应用程序扫描二维码使用，它将自行车重新带回中国，而且北京计划建新的自行车道，以便更好地保护骑自行车的人。

1．If you want to use a Mobike，__A__.

A．you have to scan a QR code B．you don’t need to pay for it

C．you don’t have to return it D．you have to pay for an app

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“When you find a bike，you just scan a QR code (扫描二维码) on the bike so you can use it.”(当你找到一辆自行车时，你只需扫描自行车上的二维码就可以使用它)可知，如果你想使用摩拜单车，你必须扫描二维码。故选A。

2．Which of the following is NOT true，according to Paragraph 3？__B__

A．China had the most bicycles in the world about 30 years ago.

B．There are more bicyclists than motorists these days.

C．More people are driving cars or taking the subway these days.

D．Bike rental services are becoming more popular.

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“But more people choose to drive cars and catch the subway these days”(但是现在更多的人选择开车和乘地铁)可知，B选项“现在骑自行车的人比开车的人多”不正确，故选B。

3．What does Ines Brunn mean when she says people’s tastes are changing？__D__

A．Chinese people like modern things.

B．Chinese people like riding bicycles.

C．People in Beijing are changing their tastes.

D．More people will start riding bikes.

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“’Back then，I got the feeling that Chinese people were trying to be modern and push away the past.So they did not want to be linked with bicycles，’ said Ines Brunn，a German woman who runs a bike store in Beijing.’I do believe changes in people’s tastes will shape new thinking about bikes’．”(“那时，我感觉到中国人正努力成为现代人，并把过去的事情推开，所以他们不想与自行车联系在一起，”一位在北京经营自行车商店的德国女人Ines Brunn说，“我相信人们品味的改变会塑造对自行车的新思维。”)可知，人们品味的改变意味着更多的人将开始骑自行车。故选D。

4．Which is the best title for the passage？__C__

A．How to use a Mobike

B．Orange bikes will be fashionable

C．Bringing back bikes

D．Why is Beijing building new bike lanes?

解析：标题判断题。根据讲述摩拜单车在中国的使用和流行，及第三段Bike rental (租赁的) services like Mobike are bringing bikes back.(像摩拜单车这样的自行车租赁服务正在把自行车带回来)可知，C项“Bringing back bikes”适合做文章标题。故选C。

Ⅱ.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

It is in your daily life that you always get into a situation __1.where__ your parents control hundreds of things for you when you are __2.a__ kid, such as the clothes you wear, the food you eat, where you go and whatever can keep you __3.comfortable__(comfort)．It is a good thing.Kids need this kind of protection and help because they are not old enough to take care of __4.themselves__(they) and make decisions __5.correctly__(correct)．But with you growing older, the part of being a teen is developing your own identity, which is different __6.from__ your parents’.Different attitudes towards events like parties may lead to __7.arguments__(argument), because your parents will always be concerned about you and keep you safe, no matter how old you are.As a result, your parents feel it hard __8.to get__(get)  used to the new situation without __9.knowing__(know) your latest news.What kids should keep in mind is that in most cases, your parents can understand what you are going through because they __10.were__(be) teens once.

文章大意：在日常生活中，父母控制着孩子许多方面的事情。但是随着孩子的长大，父母就需要有不同的态度了。

解析：

1．考查关系副词。空处引导定语从句且在从句中作地点状语，先行词是表示抽象地点的situation。故填关系副词where。

2．考查冠词。此处表示“当你还是一个孩子时”，表示泛指。故用不定冠词a。

3．考查形容词。此处表示任何让你舒适的事情，此处为“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构，故用形容词comfortable。

4．考查代词。此处表示孩子们需要这种保护和帮助，因为他们年龄还不够大去照顾他们自己。根据语境可知，此处应用反身代词。故填themselves。

5．考查副词。此处修饰make decisions，应使用副词。故填correctly。

6．考查介词。be different from...表示“与……不同”，是固定搭配。

7．考查名词。argument表示“争论，争吵”时，是可数名词，故用其复数形式。

8．考查非谓语动词。此处是“find＋it(形式宾语)＋adj.＋不定式”结构。故应填to get。

9．考查非谓语动词。此处作介词without的宾语，应用v－ing。故填knowing。

10．考查时态。此处表示他们曾经也是青少年。由once可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填were。

Ⅲ.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

Last Saturday，David was taking a walk in the park near his home when he noticed a woman with a boy of about eight years old.When David passed them，he heard the woman yell，“How stupid you are！You’re good at nothing.”David stopped and looked at the little boy.The boy said nothing.He just stood there，looking upset.

David was reminded of his English teacher Mrs. Brown in middle school.After he entered middle school，David lacked self－confidence because he was often made fun of by others.He was often told that he was good at nothing，which David believed.But one day it all changed.

One day，in an English writing class，Mrs. Brown asked them to read a novel.They were asked to write a new chapter of the novel after they finished reading the book.A few days later，David handed in his story.He didn’t give it much thought.But the next day，to his surprise，the comment “well done” from Mrs. Brown came into view the moment he turned to the page where the story was written.

When David read that，he almost burst into tears.He never expected to be praised one day.He suddenly gained some self－confidence.

That day after he returned home，he wrote a short story and gave it to Mrs. Brown the next morning.And again he was praised.

David became very interested in writing.He often wrote short stories and asked Mrs. Brown to read them and correct them for him.Mrs. Brown always correct them for him.Mrs. Brown always corrected the mistakes he had made and gave him good advice to improve them.One year later，David joined the school newspaper and became an editor of it.He was no longer that boy who lacked self－confidence.He gained his confidence and was hopeful about his future.

He succeeded in entering college and kept writing.Several years after graduating from college，he had his first book published.With some more books coming out，he became famous as a writer in his country.And he owed his success to Mrs. Brown’s encouragement.Without her encouragement，his life might be very different now.

Paragraph 1：

Inspired by his own life story，David decided to do something for that boy._____________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2：

The mother was ashamed when she heard that._____________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考范文：

Paragraph 1：

Inspired by his own life story，David decided to do something for that boy.He went to the woman，who immediately recognized him because she had read his books and seen his pictures. David started to chat with her.He told her that what she said to her boy was not appropriate. Then he told her about the encouragement he once got from Mrs. Brown.In the end，he said，“I couldn’t have become a writer if I had believed I was good at nothing.”

Paragraph 2：

The mother was ashamed when she heard that.She realized that she shouldn’t have called her son stupid，which would make him lose confidence in himself.So she said，“Thank you for your advice.I’ll never say such things to him again.Instead ，I’ll find out what he’s good at and encourage him.” The woman then left with the boy.Looking at the back of the boy，David felt relieved，hoping his action could make some difference to the boy.