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湖南省高二年级期末考试
英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When is Grandpa’s birthday?
A. On May 6th. B. On May 7th. C. On May 8th.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What’s the date today? May 6th.
W: No, that was yesterday. I hope you didn’t forget everything. It’s Grandpa’s birthday tomorrow.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the girl advise the man to do?
A. Look for a job. B. Take classes. C. Stay at home.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I can’t decide whether to take classes or to look for a job during my summer holidays.
W: You can learn more by working and you can make money at the same time.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where will the man go for the holiday probably?
A. To London. B. To Toronto. C. To his hometown.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Linda, you will go to London for the summer holidays, won’t you?
W: I’m not sure. What about you?
M: Oh, I got a letter from Ken. He said he would go back to his hometown Toronto and he asked me to go with him.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers?
A. In an airplane. B. In a boat. C. On the ground.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s time to go.
W: I’m ready. You jump first.
M: Let’s jump out of the airplane together and then open our parachutes.

L

5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What happened to Peter’s bike?
A. A tree fell on it. B. Someone stole it. C. It got broken.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Call Peter.
W: I don’t know what to say!
M: Think of something. We can’t just let him come home to find his favorite bike broken! Tell him a tree fell on it in a storm.
W: I’m not going to lie!
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. Which bus goes to River Drive?
A. No. 16. B. No. 14. C. No. 6.
7. What will the woman ask the bus driver?
A. Where to change buses. B. The ticket price. C. How to get some change.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me. Do the Number 16 and the Number 6 buses both go across town?
M: Yes, but you may have to change buses. Where do you want to go?
W: I’m going to City Square.
M: Take the Number 14 to River Drive. Then change to the Number 15 or 18. They both go to City Square.
W: Can I get change from the bus driver? I only have some large bills.
M: No, You need exact change.
W: How much is the fare?
M: It’s two dollars.
W: OK! Thanks a lot for your help!
M: You’re welcome! Don’t forget to ask the bus driver about where to change buses.
W: Thanks! I won’t.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. What did Jane like to do as a child?
A. Make snowballs. B. Go skating. C. Sweep away the snow.
9. What’s the weather like today?
A. Snowy and cold. B. Cloudy and windy. C. Snowy and warm.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning, Jane.
W: Morning. It is really cold today.
M I always gets cold after a heavy snow.
W: I love snow. When I was a child, I made snowballs and ran in the snow. Do you like skating, David?
M: Yes. I do.
W: So do I. By the way, did you hear the weather forecast this morning?
M: Yes. It said that it’s partly cloudy today with a strong wind from the northwest. The highest temperature will be at least 3 below zero in the morning. But in the afternoon, it will rise a little.
W: Then the beautiful snow might melt away.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. What is the boy’s homework this weekend?
A. To write a summary. B. To review three chapters. C. To prepare a presentation.
11. What does the woman probably teach?
A. English. B. Science. C. History.
12. What does the woman want to learn from the homework?
A. What her students’ opinions are.
B. Whether her students understood the reading.
C. If her students can connect all the different ideas.
【答案】10. A 11. C 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: All right, students. Your homework for the weekend is to review Chapter 3 and to write a summary of the most important ideas in the chapter. Next week, we’ll begin our presentations
M: Excuse me, Ms. Diaz...
W: Yes?
M: How long should our summary be?
W: It should be one page, but no more than that. Also, remember that when you summarize a chapter, you must leave your own opinion out.
M: es, ma’am. But there are many different views on the Civil War in American history. It is difficult to summarize anything important without including my opinion at all.
W: A summary only includes the facts. You can use the author’s words directly，but you cannot include your own ideas. For the homework, I just need to see if you understood the main ideas in the chapter.
M: Should we try to connect these ideas to other things we read this term?
W: No. You can do that next week when you give your presentation.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. How long has the woman been in hospital?
A. For one week. B. For ten days. C. For two weeks.
14. When can the woman leave the hospital?
A. In two weeks. B. Tomorrow. C. Uncertain.
15. What’s the doctor’s suggestion for the woman?
A. Having medical checks regularly.
B. Taking the medicine every day.
C. Avoiding any physical exercise.
16. How soon will the woman get well completely?
A. In a few days. B. In a long time. C. As soon as she leaves the hospital.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Here is the pill. I’ll help you stand up.
W: Can I have a walk around the room or corridor? I have stayed in bed all day.
M: Yes, you can! It seems that feeling well again is not such a long process.
W: I have been in hospital for two weeks, haven’t I?
M: Yes, and you can leave the hospital tomorrow!
W: Really? I’m so happy.
M: I have written a certificate for you.
W: I’m eager to go home! Doctor, what should I do after I go home?
M: I have two suggestions. First, avoid any mental stress and have enough rest. Secondly, examinations should be done regularly.
W: I’m sure I will follow your advice.
M: Complete recovery will take a long time. So you must take care of yourself.
W: I want to thank all the doctors in charge. I’m very grateful to you all.
M: Don’t mention it! That is our duty!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. What did Clara do during the Civil War?
A. She joined the army. B. She urged to stop the war. C. She helped the wounded.
18. What did Clara do after the Civil War?
A. She collected money to help the wounded.
B. She considered setting up the American Red Cross.
C. She led a group to search for missing soldiers.
19. When did Clara return from Switzerland?
A. In 1869. B. In 1873. C. In 1881.
20. How long did Clara serve as the American Red Cross’s president?
A. Over 20 years. B. About 12 years. C. Over 4 years.
【答案】17. C 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Clara Barton was born on December 25th, 1821. When the Civil War began in 1861, she heard of stories of wounded soldiers. She felt she needed to do something to help them, so she urged people to donate bandages and medicine and delivered these supplies to the battlefield. Clara didn’t stop helping when the war was over. She led a group to search for missing soldiers. This group also worked to identify soldiers killed or missing. After four years of this work, Clara moved to Switzerland, where she first learned about a group called the Red Cross. This group worked to help people who were suffering during times of war. In 1873, Clara returned to the United States. In 1881 she started an American branch of the Red Cross. She served as its first president for over 20 years. As the result of Clara’s hard work and leadership, the Red Cross grew. Today, it also helps people suffering as a result of earthquakes, fires, floods, and other disasters. Clara Barton died on April 12, 1912, but her great contribution, the American Red Cross, lives on.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
2022 Tour Details
7-Day Tour from London to Edinburgh
A London Guide will show you the city's famous landmarks like Bucking ham Palace, Downing Street and Westminster Abbey. Then, in Edinburgh, you'll tour the castle and see Scotland's Crown Jewels. From the historical sights to the beautiful scenery, this guided tour of England and Scotland is a great way to experience everything Britain has to offer.
Starting at: $849
9- Day Tour from Dublin to London
Your guided tour of Ireland and Britain begins in the capital city of Dub lin. Enjoy seeing the “ Fair City” including the statue-lined oh O'Connell Street, Trinity College and St. Patrick's Cathedral. Your local guide will show you the famous sights, including the Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, Westminster Abbey and Bucking ham Palace. This guided tour of Ireland and Britain is a welcome escape with fewer crowds and lower costs than high-season tours.
Starting at: $1,069
7-Day Tour from London to Paris
Your guided vacation in London begins with a welcome dinner and a cruise on the Thames River to admire the Tower Bridge and the Houses of Parliament. You'll spend three nights in London to see the sits of this historic city—from Big Ben to Bucking ham Palace, and also St. Pail's Cathedral. Then you'll enjoy a 3-night stay in Paris. This includes sightseeing at the Arc de Triomphe, Con c or de Square, clamps-Elysees, and a shine cruise. This guided tour of London and Paris is certain to be enjoyable with fewer crowds in the off-season!
Starting at: $1,149
21. How much would the 7-day tour from London to Edinburgh cost a couple at least?
A. $849. B. $1,149. C. $1,698. D. $2,138.
22. Which place can you visit if you take the 9-day tour from Dublin to London?
A. Trinity College. B. Downing Street. C. The Thames River. D. Con c or de Square.
23. What do the three tours have in common?
A. They cover the same number of sights. B. They all begin in the capital city of London.
C. They take people the same amount of time. D. They all include a visit to Bucking ham Palace.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了旅行社提供的三个旅游设计方案。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由第一个小标题的内容“Starting at: $849(起价：849 美元)”可知，一个人849，夫妻两人1698。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由第二个小标题的内容“Your guided tour of Ireland and Britain begins in the capital city of Dublin. Enjoy seeing the “ Fair City” including the statue-lined oh O'Connell Street, Trinity College and St. Patrick's Cathedral. (您的爱尔兰和英国导览游从首都都柏林开始。欣赏“美丽的城市”，包括雕像林立的奥康奈尔街、三一学院和圣帕特里克大教堂)”可知，这个旅游路线可以参观Trinity College。故选A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。由第一个小标题的内容“A London Guide will show you the city's famous landmarks like Bucking ham Palace, Downing Street and Westminster Abbey. (伦敦指南将向您展示这座城市的著名地标，如白金汉宫、唐宁街和威斯敏斯特教堂)”和第二个小标题的内容“Your local guide will show you the famous sights, including the Houses of Parliament, Big Ben, Westminster Abbey and Bucking ham Palace. (您当地的导游会带您参观著名的景点，包括国会大厦、大本钟、威斯敏斯特教堂和白金汉宫)”和第三个小标题的内容“You'll spend three nights in London to see the sits of this historic city—from Big Ben to Bucking ham Palace, and also St. Pail's Cathedral. (您将在伦敦度过三个晚上，参观这座历史悠久的城市——从大本钟到白金火腿宫，以及圣帕伊尔大教堂)”可知，这三个旅游规划都能参观Bucking ham Palace。故选D项。
B
2012 was one of the hardest years I have ever known. For several months, I found it hard to write, think, eat or take pleasure in anything; I could not imagine what it would be like to feel happy again; I could not find any hope or purpose.
I cannot remember the reason why one Monday morning I decided to go to a hot yoga studio in east London, where I signed up for a 30-day trial. I do not remember the class or how much I sweated. What I do know is that I started going to hot yoga every day. Sometimes, when my head felt as if it might collapse(崩溃), I went twice a day. I skipped parties, left social events and got up early to attend. There was something about the hot room that held me together and that stopped all the dark thoughts inside my mind.
I chose the Bikram method of hot yoga: It has a set of 26 postures and two breathing exercises performed in heat over a period of 90 minutes. This form of yoga was founded by Bikram Choudhury. In 2015, he failed in an attempt to copyright(取得版权)his method. Many practitioners(从业人员)believe that Bikram is not real yoga. Some question the limitations of just 26 postures. Others wonder why the class has to be performed before a wall of mirrors. However, something in those 26 postures freed my mind, dragged me out of my thoughts and back into the present. I was able to focus on how my body behaved differently each day.
24. What happened to the author in 2012?
A. She succeeded in writing. B. She tried to find hope again.
C. She gave up her yoga classes. D. She fell into deep depression.
25. What can be inferred from the second paragraph?
A The author practiced hot yoga to lose weight.
B. The author went to the yoga studio once every day.
C. The author attached importance to her yoga classes.
D. The author was sorry to skip parties to go to the yoga studio.
26. How did yoga help the author?
A. It helped the author make money.
B. It helped the author feel more focused.
C. It helped the author get to know its founder.
D. It helped the author practice her performance skills.
27. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A health magazine. B. A travel brochure.
C. A research paper. D. A guidebook.
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在2012年处于人生的一次低谷期,但是在无意间学习了瑜伽课程后作者的生活发生了很大的变化。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“2012 was one of the hardest years I have ever known.”(2012 年是我所知道的最艰难的一年。)可知，2012年的时候作者遭遇了人生的一次低谷，心情非常沮丧，故正确答案为D项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Sometimes, when my head felt as if it might collapse(崩溃), I went twice a day. I skipped parties, left social events and got up early to attend.”(有时，当我的头感觉好像要崩溃时，我一天去两次。我跳过了聚会，离开了社交活动，早早起床参加。)可知，作者当时很重视瑜伽课程，甚至为了上课而取消了一些活动,故正确答案为C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“that stopped all the dark thoughts inside my mind”(停止了我脑海中所有的黑暗想法)及第三段的最后两句“However, something in those 26 postures freed my mind, dragged me out of my thoughts and back into the present. I was able to focus on how my body behaved differently each day.”(然而，这26种姿势中的某些东西解放了我的思绪，将我从思绪中拉回现实。我能够专注于我的身体每天的不同表现。)可知，作者在练习瑜伽后，做事情时注意力更加集中了。故正确答案为B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段“However, something in those 26 postures freed my mind, dragged me out of my thoughts and back into the present. I was able to focus on how my body behaved differently each day.”(然而，这26种姿势中的某些东西解放了我的思绪，将我从思绪中拉回现实。我能够专注于我的身体每天的不同表现。)可知本文主要讲述了瑜伽课程在作者经历低谷时期时使她受益匪浅，结合选项，这类介绍瑜伽课程好处的文章最可能出现在健康杂志上，故正确答案为A项。
C
The largest sculpture in the world was built to honor the Native American Indians. The sculpture's subject was a Lakota Sioux Indian hero named Crazy Horse. Located in South Dakota's Black Hills, not far away from Mount Rush more, the Crazy Horse Monument (纪念碑) is a work in progress, first started in 1948.
Crazy Horse had a vision and was devoted to preserving the culture and traditions of his people. He died young, at the hands of an American soldier. Because of his modesty and great courage, his spirit lives on through the land and the many stories handed down through gender-at ions of the Lakota Sioux Indians.
Lakota Chief, Standing Bear, and sculptor, Korczak Ziolkowski, started the ball rolling in 1946 by choosing Thunder head Mountain as the place to create the Crazy Horse Monument. By 1948, the first explosives were detonated (引爆) to start sculpting the rock face. Much like the construction of Mount Rush more, the monument is being created in a special explosive engineering process.
Even though the sculptor died in the 1980 s, the work on the Crazy Horse Monument continues and lives on through his family. Funded through only private donations and paid tours, the sculpting process is slow but steady. There is also a museum and cultural arts center con-necked with the monument and open to the public. While the work may take many more years, the devotion to completing the Crazy Horse Monument serves to honor the life of this great fighter and his Native American people, both past and present.
28. What can we know about the Crazy Horse Monument from paragraph l?
A. It is the world's heaviest sculpture. B. It dates back to hundreds of years ago.
C It stands right beside Mount Rush more. D. It shows respect for the Native American Indians.
29. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. The history of the monument. B. The cause of the soldier's death.
C. The introduction to Crazy Horse. D. The importance of traditional culture.
30. What happened after Korczak Ziolkowski died?
A. The monument was still under construction. B. Fewer people donated money for the sculpture.
C. A museum was built in memory of Standing Bear. D. More cultural arts centers were opened to the public.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. A Famous Sculptor: Korczak Ziolkowski B. A Great Work; Crazy Horse Monument
C. A National Hero: Crazy Horse D. A Beautiful Area: Black Hills
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美洲的疯马纪念碑的来历和历史。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“The largest sculpture in the world was built to honor the Native American Indians. The sculpture's subject was a Lakota Sioux Indian hero named Crazy Horse.”(世界上最大的雕塑是为了纪念美洲原住民印第安人而建造的。雕塑的主题是一位名叫疯马的拉科塔苏族印第安英雄。)可知，是为了纪念对美洲原住民印第安人。故选D项。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段“He died young, at the hands of an American soldier.”(他英年早逝，死于一名美国士兵之手。)可知，本段是对Crazy Horse的介绍。故选C项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由尾段“Even though the sculptor died in the 1980 s, the work on the Crazy Horse Monument continues and lives on through his family.”(尽管雕塑家在1980年代去世，但疯马纪念碑的工作仍在继续，并通过他的家人继续存在。)可知，雕塑家死后雕像仍继续建。故选A项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。由第一段“Located in South Dakota's Black Hills, not far away from Mount Rush more, the Crazy Horse Monument (纪念碑) is a work in progress, first started in 1948.”( 疯马纪念碑位于南达塔的黑山，距离拉什山不远，正在建设中，于1948年首次动工。)可知，本文介绍了一个雕像艺术品的来历和历史。故选B项。
D
Grasses and short trees are growing and expanding around Mount Qomolangma and across the Hi ma lay an region as the area continued to experience the consequences of global warming, researchers have found. Using satellite data from 1993 to 2018, scientists measured “small but significant” increased between 4,150 and 6,000 meters above sea level. “There are now more areas that are covered in plants than there were in 1993,” said Anderson, a scientist who led the research.
While it is still too early to tell what impact this new growth could have on the region, “urgent research” on the potential effects is needed. “We don't know what the impact is — it might be the plants that cause the snow to melt more quickly,” Anderson added.
1.4 billion people depend on water collected in the region. Changes to water supplies could have great impacts on communities in different countries. “We know that plants and the water cycle are coupled,” Anderson explained. “Wherever you have plants growing, it changes the way the water cycle behaved in those areas. This is particularly important in the Himalayas because glaciers are reducing. We know from lots of scientific research that this is already having an impact on water supplies in this region and it will continue to do so as li-mate change continued.”
Climate change is already having an impact on Himalayan communities, A 2019 study found that Hi ma lay an glaciers have been losing almost half a meter of ice each year since the start of this century. This has already resulted in local communities being flooded — and could ultimately result in drought. Last year, a researcher from the International Centre found that at least a third of the ice in the region, which is home to Mount Qomolangma, could melt by the end of the century.
32. What changes happened to Mount Qomolangma from 1993 to 2018?
A. Sea levels rose quickly. B. More plants grew there.
C. Grasses died out there. D. Temperatures declined.
33. Why does the author mention Anderson in paragraph 2?
A To explain the causes of climate change. B. To prove the effects of glaciers melting.
C. To present the reasons for plants growing. D. To show the necessity of the urgent research.
34. What affected the water supply in the Himalayas?
A. The way of the water cycle. B. The varieties of plants.
C. The large population. D. The increasing glaciers.
35. Why would Himalayan communities end in drought?
A. It seldom snows there. B. They have great floods these years.
C. The glaciers would disappear. D. More plants will grow there.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了喜马拉雅山区植被增多影响水循环，气候变化导致冰川消融。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“There are now more areas that are covered in plants than there were in 1993(现在植物覆盖的区域比 1993 年更多)”可知，这期间珠穆朗玛峰上长了更多的植物。故选B项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“While it is still too early to tell what impact this new growth could have on the region, “urgent research” on the potential effects is needed. (虽然现在说这种新的增长可能对该地区产生什么影响还为时过早，但需要对潜在影响进行“迫切研究”)”可知，作者提到Anderson是为了说明迫切需要进行研究。故选D项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“Wherever you have plants growing, it changes the way the water cycle behaved in those areas. (无论你在哪里种植植物，它都会改变这些地区的水循环方式)”可知，水循环的方式影响了水供应。故选A项。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。由尾段“A 2019 study found that Hi ma lay an glaciers have been losing almost half a meter of ice each year since the start of this century. This has already resulted in local communities being flooded — and could ultimately result in drought. (2019年的一项研究发现，自本世纪初以来，Hi malay an冰川每年都会流失近半米的冰层。这已经导致当地社区被洪水淹没，并最终可能导致干旱)”可知，冰川消失最终会导致喜马拉雅地区干旱。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题，每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。
We know that bully (欺凌) happens a lot and that it can make people feel miserable. And school violence happens all the time.
___36___
Bully is where a person or a group exercise control over another against their will, often leaving the victim feeling powerless and alone. Bullying can take many forms. Children, young people and adults can instigate bullying and be bullied in schools. Bullying is harmful to all involved, not just the person who is bullied, but to those who do the bullying and those who stand by. It can lead to self-doubt, lack of confidence, low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, self-harm and sometimes even suicide. Children might bully because they may not have been taught that it is wrong to bully. ___37___ They are copying older brothers and sisters, friends or people they observe. They don’t know of more appropriate ways of mixing with their school friends.
How does bullying affect people?
New research has found that more than half of young people in the UK have been bullied. Of those who have been bullied, 58 % said it made them want to miss school, 44 % said it made them avoid social events, and 37 % said it had affected their school work. ___38___ Racism is when people are treated badly because of their skin colour, culture or nationality. Around 32 % of students said that they had heard something racist at school.
What can I do to help?
___39___ If someone you know is being bullied it is important to tell a teacher. You could also talk to your parents or an adult whom you trust. If the person doing the bullying is some-one you know, you could talk to them and explain what they’ re doing is wrong. It’s important to support the person being bullied. ___40___
A. What is bullying?
B. What is cyberbullying?
C. They may think that it is just a bit of fun.
D. You should tell them that they're not alone.
E. There's no shame or harm in being different.
F. The study also found a big problem with racism.
G. There are many things you can do to fight against bullying at school.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. F 39. G 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了什么是霸凌，以及霸凌，尤其是学校霸凌，造成的危害及其影响并告诉我们怎样应对。
【36题详解】
下文“Bully is where a person or a group exercise control over another against their will, often leaving the victim feeling powerless and alone. (霸凌是指一个人或一个群体违背自己的意愿对另一个人进行控制，通常会让受害者感到无助和孤独。)”解释了什么是霸凌，选项A“什么是霸凌？”作为小标题，提出了本段要回答的问题。语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选A项。
【37题详解】
上文“Children might bully because they may not have been taught that it is wrong to bully. (孩子们可能会欺负人，因为他们可能没有被教育欺凌是错误的。)”解释了孩子们欺负别人可能是没有被教育过，不知道这是错误的，选项C“他们可能认为这只是一点乐趣。”承接上文，继续解释有些孩子欺负别人的原因可能是不知道这是错误的，认为只是乐趣。语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选C项。
【38题详解】
下文“Racism is when people are treated badly because of their skin colour, culture or nationality. Around 32 % of students said that they had heard something racist at school. (种族主义是指人们因为肤色、文化或国籍而受到恶劣对待。约32%的学生表示，他们在学校听到过种族主义言论。)”解释了被欺凌可能与种族主义有关，选项F“研究还发现了种族主义的一个大问题。”说明研究发现种族主义是造成霸凌问题的原因之一。选项中racism和下文中Racism词汇重叠，语义一致。故选F项。
【39题详解】
上文“What can I do to help? (我能帮上什么忙吗？)”作为小标题，提出对于霸凌我们能不能帮上忙的问题，选项G“你可以做很多事情来对抗学校里的欺凌行为。”承接上文，肯定回答了上文问题，说明我们可以做许多事情来对抗霸凌。语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选G项。
【40题详解】
上文“It’s important to support the person being bullied. (支持被欺负的人是很重要的。)”提出要支持被欺负的人，选项D“你应该告诉他们，他们并不孤单。”承接上文，提出支持被欺负的人的具体做法，告诉他们，他们有人支持，并不孤单。语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my first term of University, I did not know what I wanted to major in. I was very interested in biology, so I chose a very ____41____ biology science course that was far beyond my abilities. For months before my final ____42____, I went back and forth trying to decide whether I should take this course or not. I ended up taking it, because I knew I should give myself the chance to ____43____ whether I had the ability to become a____44____ or not.
After months of not being able to keep up, I hardly passed the course and my ____45____ was totally reduced.____46____, I changed my major, but the effects that course had on my mind ____47____ with me. I blamed myself for months asking how I could have been so ____48____ as to waste my health, time, and effort on that course when I could have____49____ another one.
It took me months to finally recognize that I had not been to ______50______ for my actions. But, if I had stopped to recall (回想起) the ______51______ that I felt unsure about my major at the time, I would’ve come to that conclusion sooner, instead of ______52______ more time thinking about the past. Had I known how challenging the ______53______was, I wouldn’t have spent time blaming myself. But how could I have possibly known that without giving it a try? Just like you can’t blame a baby for not being ______54______ to walk, you cannot blame yourself for not being able to assess (评论) the ______55______ of an action before seeing the experience through.
41. A. challenging B. popular C. common D. easy
42. A. failure B. success C. decision D. regret
43. A. think about B. find out C. notice D. announce
44. A. teacher B. reporter C. leader D. scientist
45. A. respect B. talent C. strength D. confidence
46. A. Rather B. Actually C. Afterwards D. Still
47. A. stayed B. changed C. filled D. disappeared
48. A. confident B. careless C. stupid D. devoted
49. A. chosen B. required C. recommended D. offered
50. A. praise B. blame C. watch D. search
51. A. fact B. advice C. belief D. proposal
52. A. killing B. costing C. sparing D. wasting
53. A. answer B. problem C. course D. research
54. A. able B. keen C. eager D. excited
55. A. method B. result C. plan D. process
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. A 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上大学时的经历：为了验证自己是否能够成为科学家选择了生物科学，学习失败后，作者经历了一段时间的沮丧，最后才走了出来。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对生物非常感兴趣，所以我选择了一个非常有挑战性的生物科学课程，这远远超出了我的能力。A. challenging有挑战的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. common常见的；D. easy容易的。根据本句后面的“far beyond my abilities(远远超出我的能力)”及下文“Had I known how challenging the 13 was”，结合全文内容可知，作者所选择的课程是很“具有挑战的”。故选A项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我做出最后决定之前的几个月里，我反复考虑是否要上这门课。A. failure失败；B. success成功；C. decision决定；D. regret后悔。根据下文中的“trying to decide(试图决定)”可知，这里指经过几个月思考，作者最后做出“决定”：选择学生物。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我最终选择了它，因为我知道我应该给自己一个机会，看看我是否有能力成为一名科学家。A. think about考虑；B. find out搞清楚；C. notice注意；D. announce宣布。根据上文作者最后选择了这门课程，结合常识及下文中的“whether I had the ability to become a 4 or not(我是否有能力成为科学家)”可知，这里指作者想给自己一次机会来“弄清”自己是否有能力。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最终选择了它，因为我知道我应该给自己一个机会，看看我是否有能力成为一名科学家。A. teacher老师；B. reporter记者；C. leader领导；D. scientist科学家。根据上文中的“I was very interested in biology(我对生物很感兴趣)”及作者选择了生物科学这门课，结合常识可知，这里指作者想要看一下自己能否成为一名“科学家”。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的跟不上课程，我几乎不能通过这门课程，此时，我的信心完全被削弱了。A. respect尊重；B. talent天分；C. strength力量；D. confidence信心。根据本句前面的“hardly passed the course(几乎不能通过课程)”及“After months of not being able to keep up(经过几个月的跟不上课程)”可知，这里指作者很艰难地坚持着，差点无法通过这门课程，这些打击使得作者的“自信心”完全受挫。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来，我换了专业，但那门课对我的影响一直挥之不去。A. Rather相当；B. Actually实际上；C. Afterwards后来；D. Still仍然。上文提及作者无法坚持这一课程了，根据下文中的“I changed my major(我换了专业)”可知，这里指作者“后来”改变了专业。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我换了专业，但那门课对我的影响一直挥之不去。A. stayed保持；B. changed改变；C. filled填充；D. disappeared消失。下文提到这次选择所学专业的失败对自己造成的影响较大，由此推知，这里指虽然作者改变了专业，但生物学科失败的影响一直“存在”。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个月来，我一直在自责，我怎么能这么愚蠢，把我的健康、时间和精力浪费在这门课上，而我本可以选择另一门课。A. confident自信的；B. careless粗心的；C. stupid愚蠢的；D. devoted投入的。根据下文中的“to waste my health, time, and effort on that course(把我的健康、时间和精力浪费在这门课上)”及上文中的“I blamed myself(我一直在自责)”，结合本文内容可知，这里指由于选择学科失败，作者认为当初自己选择这个学科的做法“太愚蠢”了。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月来，我一直在自责，我怎么能这么愚蠢，把我的健康、时间和精力浪费在这门课上，而我本可以选择另一门课。A. chosen选择；B. required要求；C. recommended推荐；D. offered提供。根据上文中的“I changed my major(我改变了专业)”及“how I could have been so stupid(我怎么能这么愚蠢)”可知，这里指作者为自己本可以“选择”另一个学科，却把时间和精力浪费在了学习失败的生物科学课程上而觉得自己很愚蠢。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了几个月的时间才终于认识到，我没有为自己的行为辩解。A. praise表扬；B. blame责备；C. watch看；D. search搜寻。根据全文内容可知，这里指作者最后从自己失败的经历中走了出来，认识到没有必要为自己的行为“责怪”自己。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果我停下来回想一下当时我对自己的专业不确定的事实，我就会更快地得出这个结论，而不是浪费更多的时间去想过去。A. fact事实；B. advice建议；C. belief信念；D. proposal提议。根据全文内容可知，这里指如果作者当初停下来回想下对自己的专业举棋不定这一“事实”，他就会更快做出换专业的决定了。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果我停下来回想一下当时我对自己的专业不确定的事实，我就会更快地得出这个结论，而不是浪费更多的时间去想过去。A. killing杀害；B. costing耗费；C. sparing抽出；D. wasting浪费。据上文“to waste my health, time, and effort on that course. (把我的健康、时间和精力浪费在这门课上)”内容可知，这里指作者当时就会很快得出结论，而不是“浪费”时间去思考过去。故选D项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我早知道这门课如此具有挑战性，我就不会花时间责备自己了。A. answer答案；B. problem问题；C. course课程；D. research调查。根据第一段第二句中“biology science course”及作者后来放弃这个专业可知，这里指作者在反思：如果自己知道这个“课程”是多么具有挑战性，他就不会花费时间去自责了。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就像你不能责怪一个不会走路的婴儿一样，你也不能责怪自己不能在经历之前评估行动的结果。A. able有能力的；B. keen热爱的；C. eager渴望的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上下文可知，这里作者把自己的经历和婴儿“不能”走路进行对比,指你不能因为婴儿“不能”走路而责备他。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像你不能责怪一个不会走路的婴儿一样，你也不能责怪自己不能在经历之前评估行动的结果。A. method方法；B. result结果；C. plan计划；D. process过程。根据本文内容可知，这里指如同不能责备孩子不会走路一样，人们也不能因为自己无法在亲眼证实一种行为的“后果”之前进行正确的评价而责备自己。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Internet has brought us great ____56____(convenient). To a certain extent, we can hardly live without it. However, it also raises all sorts of questions: when surfing the Internet, how can we protect ourselves? How can we use the Internet____57____ (responsible).
Above all else, you should use the Internet in____58____ safe way. You must always be careful about which sites ____59____ (trust). Another tip is to keep your personal information private, including your phone number, address and email account.
You also need to show respect when ____60____ (communicate) with other online users. Leave ____61____ (comment) politely and treat others the way you would like to ____62____(treat).____63____the majority of online users are nice and friendly, there might be some users ____64____make you feel uncomfortable online. In such cases, be aware that you always have the right to say no and cut _____65_____ contact. Remember that relationships you establish in the digital world are just the same as those you have in real life.
【答案】56. convenience
57. responsibly
58. a 59. to trust
60. communicating
61. comments
62. be treated
63. Though##Although##While
64. who##that
65. off
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲了如何安全、正确地使用互联网。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：互联网给我们带来了极大的便利。great是形容词，修饰名词，空处需填名词convenience作宾语。故填convenience。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：我们如何负责任地使用互联网。此处用副词修饰动词use。故填responsibly。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：最重要的是，您应该以安全的方式使用互联网。way是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且safe发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【59题详解】
考查动词。句意：您必须始终注意要信任的站点。此处是“疑问词+不定式”结构。故填to trust。
【60题详解】
考查动词。句意：在与其他在线用户交流时，您还需要表现出尊重。When引导的时间状语从句和主句的主语一致时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是when you are communicating，省略了you are，空处需填现在分词。故填communicating。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：礼貌地发表评论，并以您希望被对待的方式对待他人。comment是可数名词，此处前面没有冠词，用复数。故填comments。
62题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：礼貌地发表评论，并以您希望被对待的方式对待他人。would like to do sth.为固定用法，意为“想要做某事”，此处“你”是被对待，需填被动语态。故填be treated。
【63题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管大多数在线用户都很友善，但可能有些用户会让您在网上感到不舒服。此处前半句和后半句之间存在转折关系，用让步状语从句，尽管大多数人很好，但仍有部分人不友好。故填Though/Although/While。
【64题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：尽管大多数在线用户都很友善，但可能有些用户会让您在网上感到不舒服。这个定语从句的先行词是users指人，且从句中缺少主语，故应该用一个指人且在从句中做主语的关系代词。故填who/that。
【65题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在这种情况下，请注意您始终有权说不并切断联系。由“say no”可知，当你被冒犯时，你可以拒绝并切断联系。cut off为固定短语，意为“切断”。故填off。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，是某国际高中的英文网站管理员。你校下周计划举办一场关于应对灾害安 全自救的讲座。请你准备一则英文通知，发布在校英文网站上，内容包括：
1.讲座举办的缘由；
2.讲座时间与地点；
3.参加讲座的注意事项。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
Notice
Numerous natural disasters occur every year, which results in heavy losses to people’s life and property. It is vital for us to learn how to protect ourselves from its damages. So please come to the school hall and listen to what an expert says.
Next Friday, a speech about how to survive disasters will be given by Professor Wang who will introduce some useful and practical rescue methods. The speech will start at 4 pm. and last about 2 hours. Remember to arrive 10 minutes earlier and take a notebook.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校下周计划举办一场关于应对灾害安全自救的讲座准备一则英文通知，发布在校英文网站上。
【详解】1.词汇积累
许多的：numerous →a number of
发生：occur → happen
导致：result in →lead to
重要的：vital → important
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Remember to arrive 10 minutes earlier and take a notebook.
拓展句：If you are fond of it, remember to arrive 10 minutes earlier and take a notebook.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Numerous natural disasters occur every year, which results in heavy losses to people’s life and property.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】So please come to the school hall and listen to what an expert says.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On Friday the 13th of March, my six-year-old son Jack came home with a huge packet of worksheets in his schoolbag. Soon after, I received the email I had feared was coming-Jack’s school would be closed for at least the next two weeks. The COVID-19 quarantine (隔离期) had begun. At least now I would know he was safe at home. I spent the weekend gathering supplies such as pencils, crayons and paper and setting up a classroom on my dining room table.
On the first day of what was referred to as "distance learning", I realized I was being overly optimistic, and I only had one child to teach. He suffers from hearing loss and wears hearing aids. In school, he receives special services from a teacher of the deaf, a speech therapist (治疗专家)，an occupational therapist, and a physical therapist. In addition to his major classes, there was also his music class, art class, computer education, the library, and physical education. I was suddenly ten teachers all at the same time, and the work began piling up!
Although my job as a freelance (自由职业的) writer allows me to work according to my own schedule, I would normally work when Jack was at school. Now that time was taken up with school days at home. This meant I was teaching for most of the day and then working as a writer all afternoon into the evening. Many days didn’t stop until bedtime, and then we were right back at it the next morning. This was the new normal and it was stressful. More than once, I found myself feeling angry for no particular reason. On one occasion. I shouted angrily at my printer simply because it wouldn’t work properly.
One day, I was helping Jack with a short journal. As part of his class worksheets, he was required to write and draw about the interesting things that happened at home. I secretly cheered at the opportunity to apply my professional skills to my son’s education.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I told him all the things I knew about story writing.
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After half an hour, I found that Jack’s paper was still blank.
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【答案】参考范文：
I told him all the things I knew about story writing. I sorted out a few magazines with my articles and read to him in a loud and clear voice. I even acted out some of the stories. However, Jack didn’t seem to pay much attention. Turning the crayon over in his hand, he looked at me, then at the blank piece of paper. I remembered how I enjoyed the quiet afternoons typing away on my laptop and thought he might need space to build up his story. I told Jack he could start writing and left him to get on with it.
After half an hour, I found that Jack’s paper was still blank. Stress and impatience burned in my stomach, I knocked heavily on the dining room table and was ready to lecture him on how to be a good student. Instead, Jack raised his head, tears welling up in his eyes. “I’m scared, Mom,” he sobbed. “You are always angry.” I was speechless. Thinking about the past two weeks, I realized what a horrible teacher I had been I told Jack we could take an afternoon off. The journal could wait until we filled the day with some happy memories.
【解析】
【分析】本文以儿子回家，学校关闭为线索展开，讲述了作者在COVID-19隔离期间，在家单独为自己六岁的且听力受损的儿子进行教学所遇到的困难和压力，以及最终结果。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我告诉了他我所知道的关于写故事的一切。”可知，第一段可描写作者以自己的经验教导儿子怎样写故事。
②由第二段首句内容“半小时后，我发现杰克的试卷还是空白的。”可知，第二段可描写作者焦躁不安，教训儿子，同时发现自己的教法很失败，所以改变教学方法。
2.续写线索：教导——诵读——表演——不在意——不耐烦——教训——委屈——改变
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.诵读：read/recite
②.表演：act out/perform
③.教训：teach him a lesson/lecture him
情绪类
①.不在意：pay no attention/ take no notice of
②.不耐烦：impatience/restless with anxiety
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Turning the crayon over in his hand, he looked at me, then at the blank piece of paper. (运用了非谓语动词现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]. Instead, Jack raised his head, tears welling up in his eyes. (运用了独立主格结构作状语)