(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第2册　Unit 3 Food and Culture (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第2册　Unit 3 Food and Culture (含答案)，共13页。




教材词汇要记牢
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．bold adj.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的
2．peppercorn n．胡椒粒
3．vinegar n．醋
4．lamb n．羊羔肉；羔羊
5．lamb kebab烤羊肉串
6．dim sum n．点心(中国食品)
7．temper n．脾气；火气
8．vegetarian n．素食者
9．junk n．无用的东西
10．brand n．品牌
11．olive n．油橄榄；橄榄树
12．fig n．无花果
13．ingredient n．(尤指烹饪)材料；成分
14．dough n．生面团
15．stable adj.稳定的；稳重的
16．haggis n．(苏格兰)羊杂碎肚
17．bun n．圆面包；小圆甜饼
18．chilli n．(NAmE＝chili)(pl.-es)辣椒
19．red braised pork红烧肉
20．pepper n．甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉
21．slice n．(切下的食物)薄片 vt.把……切成薄片
22．onion n．洋葱；葱头
23．garlic n．蒜
24．bacon n．熏猪肉；咸肉
25．ham n．火腿
26．sausage n．香肠；腊肠
27．bean curd n．(＝tofu)豆腐
28．chew vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎 n．咀嚼
29．pearl n．珍珠
30．vitamin n．维生素
31．dairy adj.奶制的；乳品(业)的 n．乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂
32．moderation n．适度；合理
33．modest adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的
34．junk food(＝junk)垃圾食品
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．cuisine n．菜肴；风味；烹饪
2．prior adj.先前的；优先的
3．recipe n．烹饪法；食谱
4．chef n．厨师；主厨
5．stuff vt.填满；把……塞进 n．东西；物品
6．elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的
7．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 n．最小值；最少量
8．cabbage n．甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜
9．dessert n．(饭后)甜点
10．canteen n．食堂；餐厅
11．cafeteria n．自助餐厅；自助食堂
12．pork n．猪肉
13．somewhat adv.有点；稍微
14．madam n．夫人；女士
15．calorie n．卡路里(热量单位)
16．category n．类别；种类
17．fibre (especially US fiber) n．纤维；纤维制品
18．quantity n．数量；数额
19．ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n．理想；完美的人(或事物)
20．fundamental adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则
21．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏
22．overall adv.总体上；大致上 adj.全面的；综合的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．consist vi.由……组成(或构成)；在于→consistent adj.一致的；连续的
2．exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的→except prep.除……外→exception n．例外
3．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户→consumption n．消费；消耗
4．association n．协会；关联→associate vt.把……联系起来；交往 adj.副的
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．prior to在……之前的
2．consist of由……组成(或构成)
3．slice...off切下
4．regardless of不管；不顾
高频词汇来助力
1．inspire vt.激发；鼓舞
2．instant n．瞬间；刹那
3．instruct vt.通知；指示
4．instruction n．说明；须知；教导
5．instrument n．乐器；工具；器械
6．insurance n．保险
7．intelligence n．智力；智慧
8．intelligent adj.有智力的；聪明的
9．interrupt vt.& vi.打扰，打断
10．interval n．间歇；间隔
经典句式需悟通
1．Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.
来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变以适应美国人的口味。
2．On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans.
另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人有了很多的了解。
3．Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
4．Everywhere，the food was as varied as the people.
世界各地，食物和人一样多样。
5．And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.
在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。


Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．bold adj.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的
2．vinegar n．醋
3．brand n．品牌
4．ingredient n．(尤指烹饪)材料；成分
5．stable adj.稳定的；稳重的
6．pearl n．珍珠
7．vitamin n．维生素
8．moderation n．适度；合理
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共38分)
9．cuisine n．菜肴；风味；烹饪
10．prior adj.先前的；优先的
11．recipe n．烹饪法；食谱
12．chef n．厨师；主厨
13．stuff vt.填满；把……塞进 n．东西；物品
14．elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的
15．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的 n．最小值；最少量
16．dessert n．(饭后)甜点
17．canteen n．食堂；餐厅
18．cafeteria n．自助餐厅；自助食堂
19．pork n．猪肉
20．somewhat adv.有点；稍微
21．madam n．夫人；女士
22．calorie n．卡路里(热量单位)
23．category n．类别；种类
24．quantity n．数量；数额
25．ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n．理想；完美的人(或事物)
26．fundamental adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．基本规律；根本法则
27．overall adv.总体上；大致上 adj.全面的；综合的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共8分)
28．consist vi.由……组成(或构成)；在于→consistent adj.一致的；连续的
29．exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的→except prep.除……外→exception n．例外
30．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户→consumption n．消费；消耗
31．association n．协会；关联→associate vt.把……联系起来；交往 adj.副的
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题1分，共8分)
32．inspire vt.激发；鼓舞
33．instant n．瞬间；刹那
34．instruct vt.通知；指示
35．instrument n．乐器；工具；器械
36．insurance n．保险
37. intelligence n．智力；智慧
38．interrupt vt.& vi.打扰，打断
39．interval n．间歇；间隔
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共8分)
40．prior to在……之前的
41．consist of由……组成(或构成)
42．slice...off切下
43．regardless of不管；不顾

Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共10分)
1．Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，thus creating a stable(稳定的) environment.
2．While the lady looks elegant(文雅的)，actually she is hard to get along with.
3．They firmly believe that color is fundamental(基本的) in home design.
4．The increase of energy will even make you more willing to exercise，and that will raise your overall(总体上) energy even more.
5．The two office buildings are somewhat(有点) alike in appearance.
6．All the young people know that eating too much junk food is bad for their health，but they can’t resist it.
7．He couldn’t join the army，because he was below the minimum height allowed by the rules.
8．To my amazement，he lost his temper suddenly and threw a glass vase at her.
9．Although he is famous all over the country，he is still quite modest.
10．Literature can be divided into two main categories：fiction and non-fiction.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共10分)
11．Success consists in the ability to make consistent efforts through failures.(consist)
12．All students without exception(exceptional) must take the English exam.
13．When it comes to consumption，consumers in the developed countries consume the most energy in the world.(consume)
14．The Student Association is organizing many physical activities，because health is associated with exercise.(associate)
15．The novel consisting(consist) of ten chapters is popular with teenagers all over the world.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写 (每小题2分，共10分)
16．当被问到发生了什么事时，他一句话也不说。
When he was asked what had happened，he kept silent.
17．我们确实希望今后有更多有意义的活动。(强调谓语)
We do hope that there will be more meaningful activities in the coming future.
18．他僵在那里，睁大眼睛看着这恐怖的场景。(形容词短语作状语)
(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
He froze on the spot，wide-eyed at the horrible scene.
19．她的心灵像雪一样纯洁。(as...as...)
Her soul is as pure as snow.
20．我花在学习上的时间是你的三倍。(倍数的用法)
I spent three times as much time on my study as you did.

Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
As the French author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin once wrote，“Tell me what you eat，and I will tell you what you are.”，1.which means “You are what you eat.” As a matter of fact，Brillat-Savarin was actually 2.referring(refer) to our personality，character，and culture.Certainly，in many ways，this seems to be true.Chinese cuisine is a case in point.China is a country with fifty six different 3.peoples(people)．Hence，the food is as varied as the people.For instance，people in Shandong like boiled dumplings 4.served(serve) with vinegar，because the family members make dumplings together to strengthen their family union.5.Traditional(tradition) foods in Xinjiang are what can 6.be cooked(cook) over an open fire.That is 7.because they often wander the open range on horses.In conclusion，through food，Chinese people display their culture，friendship and 8.kindness(kind)．So what we can say is that culture and cuisine go hand 9.in hand，and if you do not experience one，you can never 10.really(real) know the other.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分

If you want to keep fit，the following are what you should do.Above all，cut down on desserts and sweet drinks filled with sugar in your daily diet 1.regardless of how much you love it.Furthermore，consume different 2.categories of fresh foods which are full of vitamins and fibre.It would be a good idea if you could avoid processed foods，which have higher 3.quantities of sugar，salt and fat.Thirdly，why not eat slowly？4.Chewing slowly allows your body to digest the food better.Finally，you’d better form 5.consistent habits and eat a modest amount of food at a time.The 6.ideal diet is a balanced one，without too much or too little of any one thing.Healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude to food.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
association n.协会；关联；联想；交往
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The book on Chinese cuisine was published in association(associate) with a local company.
(2)Prior to participating in the activity，I used to associate happiness with money.
•in association with...与……合作；与……有关联
•associate vt.联想；联系
associate...with...把……和……联系在一起
•be associated with...与……有关

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)这次展览是由当地政府联合一些剪纸艺术家共同组织的。
This exhibition was organized by the local government in association with several paper-cutting artists.
(4)只要你和思想积极的人交往，你一定会获得成功。
As long as you associate with positive-thinking people，it is certain that you are going to achieve success.
quantity n.数量；数额
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)A large quantity of ingredients is(be) used by the chef working in the school canteen every day.
(2)Large quantities of desserts are(be) consumed by the madam，who receives more calories than necessary.
•a large/small quantity of；large/small quantities of，“大量的/少量的”，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。“a quantity of＋名词”作主语，谓语的数与其后所接名词的数保持一致；而“quantities of＋名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。
•in quantity/in large quantities大量地

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我想推荐成都作为你的旅游目的地，因为成都有许多景点，例如都江堰。(应用文之推荐信)
I’d like to recommend Chengdu as your travel destination，because Chengdu has a large quantity of tourist attractions，such as Dujiangyan.
(4)得知你在打篮球方面有许多经验，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们的篮球俱乐部。(应用文之邀请信)
Learning that you have a large quantity of/large quantities of experience in playing basketball，I’m writing to sincerely invite you to join our basketball club.
trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏
v．欺骗；欺诈
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)These naughty boys played tricks on the shy girl，who at last lost her temper.
(2)She tricked him into giving up a large quantity of money belonging to him.
•play a trick/tricks on sb.捉弄某人
•trick sb.out of sth.骗取某人某物
trick sb.into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)作为一名来自美国的交换生，我喜欢吃水饺。你可以告诉我包水饺的诀窍吗？(应用文之求助信)
As an exchange student from America，I like eating dumplings.Would you please tell me the trick of making dumplings?

consist of由……组成(或构成)
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness consists in struggle.
(2)Keep in mind that our ideal life is not always consistent with the reality.
•consist in在于；存在于；以……为主
•consist of＝be made up of＝be comprised of＝be composed of由……组成
注意：consist of没有进行时态和被动语态。
•consistent adj.一致的；连续的
be consistent with...与……一致

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)大家都知道，生活中不仅有阳光，还有风雨。(读后续写之升华句)
①It is universally acknowledged that life consists of not only sunshine but also storms.
②It is universally acknowledged that life is made up of not only sunshine but also storms.
③It is universally acknowledged that life is composed/comprised of not only sunshine but also storms.
④It is universally acknowledged that not only sunshine but also storms make up life.
(4)这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我校的历史和现状。
①The short film，consisting of two parts，introduces the history and present situation of our school.(运用分词短语作定语，consist)
②The short film，which consists of two parts，introduces the history and present situation of our school.(运用定语从句，consist)
regardless of不顾；不管
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Our club is open to everyone regardless of age，sex or educational background.
(2)They continued to work regardless of the fact that it was raining.
•regardless of 不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
regardless of the fact that...不顾……的事实
•in spite of＝despite尽管(后常接名词，不接从句)
•with regard to关于；至于

再提能力——完美写作·语段填空·背诵
(3)不管有多大的挑战，为了给妹妹赢一双新鞋，阿里(Ali)决定参加跑步比赛。尽管在比赛中意外摔倒，阿里还是跳了起来，冲向终点线。至于结果，阿里赢得了三等奖，获得了新鞋，像鸟儿一样飞奔回家。
Regardless of great challenges，Ali was determined to take part in the running race to win a new pair of shoes for his sister.In spite of/Despite an unexpected fall during the race，Ali jumped to his feet and dashed towards the finish line.With regard to the result，Ali won the third prize，got the new shoes，and flew to his home like a bird.
形容词(短语)作状语
Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.又累又饿，一个汉字也不认识，我们压根儿不知道如何点餐，于是厨师在我们桌上摆满了食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。
形容词tired，hungry和现在分词短语not knowing a word of Chinese在本句中作状语。
形容词(短语)作状语：
(1)说明谓语动词表示的动作发生时，主语所处的状态。
(2)表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。

能力提升——完美写作·句型转换/完成句子·背诵
(1)They were excited and moved.They were in tears.(读后续写之兴奋心理描写)
→Excited and moved，they were in tears.(形容词短语作状语)
(2)I was afraid of not finding our way to the farm.I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
→Afraid of not finding our way to the farm，I sat beside a tree and held my shoulders in my arms tightly.(形容词短语作状语)
(3)使我们欣慰的是，丢失的孩子10天后回到家，筋疲力尽但很健康。
To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later，exhausted but healthy.
倍数表达法
And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。
倍数的表达方式：
•A＋be＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋as B
•A＋be＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than B
•A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length...)＋of B

能力提升——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
这部短片讲述了我们学校的发展。现在，我们新学校的面积是10年前的三倍大。
(2018·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
(1)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is three times as large as what it was ten years ago.
(2)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is three times larger than what it was ten years ago.
(3)The short film tells about the development of our school.Now our new school is three times the size of what it was ten years ago.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．He had saved a modest amount of money，which made him very happy.不太大的；些许
2．What made us shocked was that he consumed all the cookies.吃
3．Patience is the trick of doing the job well.诀窍
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.Prior to leaving(leave) for France，he has been exposed to various French traditional culture.
2.As far as I know，happiness consists in satisfaction rather than too much money.
3．The Student Association(associate) motivated all the students to cooperate with each other.
4．Regardless of the outcome，I will be optimistic rather than depressed.
5．A large quantity of ambitious students have(have) participated in extra-curricular activities since last semester.
6．There is no denying that fresh air is fundamental to good health，so we must regularly go outdoors.
7.In summary，what you say should be consistent with what you do，otherwise others will not believe in you.
8．He tricked me into buying this seemingly excellent cellphone，which cost me an arm and a leg.
9．The medical team consisting(consist) of nine doctors and ten nurses was sent to the earthquake-hit area.
10.Generally speaking，we will associate a person’s character with his growing surroundings.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
(应用文之感谢信)
1．您帮助我之前我英语学得不好。(had done)
I hadn’t got along well with English before you helped me.
2．在过去我的英语分数没有我的同学高。(as...as...)
I didn’t get as high English marks as my classmates in the past.
3．在那时，我既沮丧又失望，不知道如何改变这种糟糕的情况。(形容词短语作状语)
At that time，depressed and disappointed，I didn’t know how to change the terrible situation.
4．多亏您的慷慨帮助，我现在的分数是从前的两倍。(倍数的用法)
Thanks to your generous help，now I can get twice as many scores as before.
5．因此，我的确从心底感激您的帮助。(强调谓语动词)
As a consequence，I do appreciate your help from the bottom of my heart.


请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：过去完成时)

Foods are fundamental to our life.Among various recipes，Chinese exceptional cuisine 1.consisting of quantities of categories is popular all over the world.Regardless of what you like，you can always have something delicious to 2.consume.If you are a vegetarian，you can choose ingredients such as olive and garlic.You can also eat rice，bean curd，raw vegetables served in vinegar and pancake rolls stuffed with sliced green onions，which contain abundant 3.vitamins and fibre.If not，you can select dairy，lamb kebab，ham，sausage，red braised pork，and bacon，through which you can receive more calories.Prior to having the next meal，you can also enjoy 4.elegant desserts like a bun.If you often include pepper，peppercorn or chili in your daily diets，you are likely to be 5.bold or lose your temper easily.Overall，to keep fit，we should have a consistent eating habit，eat a modest amount of food and 6.chew slowly each time.Although there is no trick to ideal healthy eating，moderation is the key.So if you had enjoyed junk food before，perhaps your health would break down.Let’s take action to live a healthy life.

练基础——单句语法填空
1．He had completed(complete) his studies by the end of last year.
2．When we reached the hilltop，the sun had risen(rise)．
3．This was the first time that I had been invited(invite) to visit a Chinese family.
技巧一点通
过去完成时表示过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态，其主动语态结构是had done，被动语态是had been done。

提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
我在一家餐馆吃完午饭后，就寻找我的包。我记得我把它放在门旁的一把椅子上了，但是它不在那里。
After I had had lunch at a restaurant，I looked for my bag.I remembered I had left it on a chair beside the door，but it wasn’t there.