(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第1册　Unit 4 Body Language (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第1册　Unit 4 Body Language (含答案)，共14页。




教材词汇要记牢
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
2．fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
3．nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的
4．slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
5．tick vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声n.钩号
6．chin n．下巴
7．demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明
8．identical adj.相同的
9．interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译
10．waist n．腰；腰部
11．trial n．& v．审讯；审判；试验；试用
12．internal adj.内部的；里面的
13．pose n．故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
14．reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出
15．chest n．胸部；胸膛
16．ultimately adv.最终；最后
17．component n．组成部分；零件
18．tone n．语气；腔调；口吻
19．distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心
20．intervene vi.干预；介入
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
2．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
3．cheek n．面颊；脸颊
4．bow vi.鞠躬；点头 vt.低(头)
5．barrier n．隔阂；障碍
6．incident n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
7．twin adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的 n．孪生之一；双胞胎之一
8．bend vt.& vi.(bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
9．clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
10．tendency n．趋势；倾向
11．lower vt.把……放低；降低；减少 adj.下面的；下方的；较小的
12．imply vt.意味着；暗示
13．stare vi.盯着看；凝视 n．凝视
14．ceiling n．天花板；上限
15．perceive vt.察觉；看待；理解
16．merely adv.只是；仅仅；只不过
17．bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 n．麻烦；不便
18．weep vi.& vt.哭泣；流泪
19．conflict n．矛盾；冲突 vi.冲突；抵触
20．inquire/enquire vi.& vt.询问；打听
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响
2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类
3．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的
4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employee n．雇员；受雇者→employer n．雇主；雇用者→employment n．雇用；聘用
5．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；有差异的→difference n．差别；差异
6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favorable adj.赞成的；有利的
7．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地
8．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖
9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微
10．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定
11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育
12．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→bare adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的
13．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的→occupation n．占领；职业
14．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的
15．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的
16．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬
17．ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
18．adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
19．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；作用
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．by contrast相比之下
2．by comparison(与……)相比较
3．make inferences推理；推断
4．break down消除；分解；打破
5．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
6．in other words换句话说；也就是说
7．call on(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请
8．at work有某种影响；在工作
高频词汇来助力
1．guidance n．引导；指导
2．guilty adj.有罪的；犯法的；感到惭愧的
3．gymnastics n．体操
4．handle n．柄；把手 vt.处理
5．handy adj.手边的；附近的；方便的
6．harbour (美harbor) n．港口
7．harmony n．和谐
8．headline n．(报刊的)大字标题
经典句式需悟通
1．A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.A smile can break down barriers.
微笑能够帮助我们度过困境，并在满是陌生人的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以消除隔阂。
2．And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，最美好的事情就是看到好朋友的笑脸。
3．Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
当然，并不是每个抬头的人都专注于课堂。
4．With their chins on their hands，they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
他们用手托着下巴，非常专注地盯着窗外或上面的天花板。


Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
2．fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
3．nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的
4．distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心
5．intervene vi.干预；介入
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共16分)
6．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
7．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
8．cheek n．面颊；脸颊
9．bow vi.鞠躬；点头 vt.低(头)
10．barrier n．隔阂；障碍
11．bend vt.& vi.(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
12．clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
13．perceive vt.察觉；看待；理解
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)
14．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类
15．approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的
16．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖
17．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的→occupation n．占领；职业
18．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的
19．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
20．guidance n．引导；指导
21．guilty adj.有罪的；犯法的；感到惭愧的
22．gymnastics n．体操
23．handy adj.手边的；附近的；方便的
24．harmony n．和谐
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
25．by comparison(与……)相比较
26．break down消除；分解；打破
27．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
28．in other words换句话说；也就是说
29．at work有某种影响；在工作

Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词) (每小题2分，共20分)
1．I saw three superb camp beds，two of which were occupied(占据)．
2．Teachers in this high school approve of the program because it’s good for kids’ growth.
3．Every interaction(交流) between keepers and their animals creates some sort of connections.
4．Workers reacted(反应) angrily to the latest news of more job losses at the factory.
5．Why are you staring at me? Are you implying(暗示) that I didn’t adopt a good method?
6．She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career in fashion design.
7．I thought that this was just a story，but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.
8．Ocean colors vary from green to blue，depending on the type and quantity of phytoplankton(浮游植物)．
9．Could you do me a favo(u)r and pick up Sam from school today?
10．You can trust him because his information comes from a reliable source.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) (每小题2分，共16分)
11．Varieties of after­class activities will be held，varying from the English corner to the Literature club.(vary)
12．The employer of the company is employed in training his employees.(employ)
13．Different students differ from each other in many aspects.(differ)
14．I am occupied with my occupation，which occupies most of my time every day.(occupy)
15．I feel ashamed of my shameful action，which is a shame to me.(shame)
16．The distinguished farmer can easily distinguish weeds from wanted plants.(distinguish)
17．My brother suffering from anxiety is becoming more and more anxious.(anxiety)
18．Her embarrassing questions about my private life embarrassed me.(embarrass)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)
19．她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。这个笑容融化了我内心的坚冰。(排比句)(读后续写之喜乐心理描写)
The smile on her face shone like a diamond.The smile melted the ice in my heart.
20．没有什么比参加5km越野比赛更有意义的了，它对我们身心都有益处。(否定词＋比较级)
Nothing is more rewarding than taking part in the five­kilometer cross­country running race，which benefits us physically and mentally.
21．并非每个学生都真正理解尊重和传播中国传统文化的重要性。(部分否定)
Not every student is/Every student is not really aware of the importance of respecting and spreading Chinese traditional culture.
22．既绝望又无助，简跪了下去，悔恨的泪水从她的脸颊上流了下来。(with复合结构)(读后续写之孤独郁闷心理描写)
Desperate and helpless，Jane knelt down，with tears of regret rolling down her cheeks.

Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Gestures can 1.be used(use) to express what’s going on in people’s minds in the interactions 2.with others，but the same gesture may have different meanings in different countries.For instance，in some countries，looking into the eyes of the person you are talking to 3.is(be) a way to display interest，but in many Middle Eastern countries men and women should avoid 4.making(make) eye contact.In most countries,5.shaking(shake) one’s head means “no” and nodding means “yes”．By 6.comparison(compare)，in Bulgaria and southern Albania，the gestures have the opposite meaning.In countries 7.like France and Russia，people may kiss their friends on 8.the cheek when they meet.Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist，or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
All in all，body language 9.varies(vary) from culture to culture，but it is safe 10.to follow(follow) the golden rule—When in Rome，do as the Romans do.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分

I can distinguish what my students have in their minds through the body language.Students have a 1.tendency to lean forwards whatever they are interested in.By comparison，if students lower the heads to look at their watches，it 2.implies that they are bored.With their chins on their hands，they are 3.occupied in daydreaming.Nevertheless，it’s harder to 4.perceive when students are anxious，embarrassed or ashamed.It is at this time that I need to inquire and assess what’s going on.In conclusion，by appropriately reacting to my students’ body language，I can 5.adjust my class activities efficiently.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)In my class the students vary in height from 100 cm to 120 cm.
(2)In our daily life，we will come across various(vary) barriers，so we should try to break them down.
•vary from...to...在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等
vary in sth.在某方面不同
vary with...随……而变化
•a variety of＝varieties of＝various多种多样的

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子/一句多译·背诵
(3)文学社推荐了各种各样的好书，鼓励我们从阅读中获得乐趣。
The Literature Society recommended a variety of/varieties of/various good books，encouraging us to get pleasure out of reading.
(4)我有许多爱好，从打篮球到弹钢琴不等。
①I have a number of hobbies，varying from playing basketball to playing the piano.(非谓语动词)
②I have a number of hobbies，which vary from playing basketball to playing the piano.(定语从句)
approve vi.赞成，同意
vt.批准；通过

先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)In other countries，by contrast，eye contact is not always approved of.
(2)Last month the Ministry of Education approved(approve) a new policy.
(3)My son made a decision on his own without my approval(approve)．
•approve of赞成，同意
approve sth.批准某事
•approval n．赞成；通过；同意；认可；批准
give one’s approval to sth.批准某事
•approving adj.赞许的；许可的

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译/完成句子·背诵
(4)如果您批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。(应用文之感谢信)
①We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal.(approve)
②We would be grateful if you could give approval to our proposal.(approval)
(5)既然您赞成我的主意，我就详细地向您介绍一下。
Now that you have approved of my idea，I will introduce it to you in detail.
favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于
n．帮助；恩惠；赞同
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren’t in favour of his opinion.
(2)When I take photos，I favour posing(pose) in this way for a photograph.
•favour sth./doing sth.较喜欢某事/做某事
•ask sb.a favour ＝ask a favour of sb.求某人帮一个忙
do a favour for sb.＝do sb.a favour帮某人一个忙
owe sb.a favour欠某人的人情
in favour of赞成；支持；主张
in one’s favour对某人有利
•favourable adj.有利的；赞许的

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(3)我写这封信，希望你能够在即将到来的面试中帮助我。(应用文之求助信)
I’m writing this letter，hoping that you can do me a favour/do a favour for me with my coming interview.

occupy vt.占用；占领；占据
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)As a matter of fact，it is reading that occupies(occupy) most of my spare time.
(2)Having retired from business，he is occupied with the welfare of the disabled now.
(3)The educator has been so occupied in preparing(prepare) for the exams that he hasn’t had time to go shopping.
•occupy sb./oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事；专心(做)某事
•occupied adj.已占用的；无空间的
be occupied with sth./in doing sth.忙于(做)某事
•occupation n．占领；职业

再提能力——完美写作·句式升级·背诵
(4)(普通表达)Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.
①(高级表达)Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
②(高级表达)Occupied in making and selling popcorn，they spared no time to play around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)She was ashamed of being late for such an important meeting.
(2)It is a shame that my plan hasn’t been approved.
•be/feel ashamed of...为……而感到羞耻
be ashamed to do sth.羞于/耻于做某事
•shame n．羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事
It’s a shame that...……真让人遗憾。
What a shame/pity！真遗憾！
•shameful adj.可耻的
shameless adj.不知羞耻的

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)我是如此羞愧，以至于我感觉心如刀绞，眼泪模糊了我的双眼。(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)
①I was so ashamed that I felt as if a knife were piercing(刺穿) my heart，tears clouding my eyes.(用so...that句型改写)
②So ashamed was I that I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart，tears clouding my eyes.
(用so...that句型的倒装形式改写)
adjust vt.调整；调节
vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)To our relief，our daughter soon adjusted herself to the new surroundings.
(2)Some schools will make adjustments(adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.
•adjust (oneself) to doing sth.适应做某事；使某人自己适应……
adjust...to...调整……以适应……
•adjustment n．调整；适应
make an adjustment/adjustments作出调整
•adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的

再提能力——完美写作·一句多译·背诵
(3)由于我没有及时调整相关的信息，这给您带来极大的不便，我写信向您道歉。(应用文之道歉信)
①I am writing to apologize to you for my not adjusting the relevant information in time，causing great inconvenience to you.(adjust)
②I am writing to apologize to you for my not making adjustments to the relevant information in time，which caused great inconvenience to you.(adjustment，定语从句)
break down分解；(机器)损坏，出故障；(谈判)失败；(身体)垮掉；消除；打破
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中break down的汉语意思
(1)The car broke down on the way to the airport.出故障
(2)The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.(谈判)失败
(3)In other words，your health will break down if you work too hard.(身体)垮掉
(4)You should break down your methods so that each method does a particular task.分解
(5)Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them.消除
break away (from)离开；脱离
break in (不及物)插嘴；闯入
break into(及物)闯入；突然……起来
break out爆发
break up分散；拆散；驱散；分手
break through取得突破；克服

再提能力——根据句意用break短语的正确形式填空
(6)He drew a conclusion that a war would break out soon.
(7)When the father saw his lost child safe，he broke into tears.
(8)The boy and the girl had serious conflicts，so they broke up.
(9)The educator hasn’t broken through in his teaching so far.
call on访问；要求；正式邀请；呼吁；号召
先练基础——一词多义
写出下列句子中call on的汉语意思
(1)I sincerely call on you to take exercise for at least 20 minutes every day.要求
(2)I have an appointment with my best friend and I will call on her next Sunday.拜访
call up 给……打电话；(使)想起
call off＝cancel取消
call for(公开)要求；需要
call in打电话来；召来，叫来；收回
call at sp.拜访(地点)

再提能力——根据句意用call短语的正确形式填空
(3)The picture he showed me called up memories of our class trip.
(4)The conference had been called off，so we went home instead.
(5)Sometimes situations call for us to be strong and brave.
部分否定
Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
当然，并不是每个抬头的人都专注于课堂。
•部分否定：当all，both，each，everybody，everyone，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用时，构成了部分否定，意为“不是……都；并非……都”。
•全部否定：neither，no one，no，none，never，nothing，no more，no longer，no way，not...any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时，构成“全部否定”。

能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)我同意你说的大部分内容，但并非同意你讲的一切。
I agree with most of what you said，but I don’t agree with everything that you said.
(2)汤姆让杰克和彼得陪他去野餐，但是他们两个都不想去，因为他们有工作要做。
Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but neither of them wants to，because they have work to do.
(3)他被授予这次比赛的一等奖，尽管似乎不是所有的人都同意。
He was awarded the first prize in the competition，though not all of the people seemed to agree.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．He employed an appropriate method to solve the problem.使用
2．His anxiety to win the vote was obvious.渴望
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Still，he will have to adjust to catching(catch) the ball in different spots on the floor.
2．The race will not be so easy，but anything can happen，so I hope we can have some things in our favour.
3．With so many different themes of poetry to choose(choose) from，students may want to write poems of their own.
4．A week before Earth Day，posters were put up around our school，calling(call) on us to join in the activity for a greener earth.
5．He didn’t bother to answer(answer) my question，which didn’t appeal to him.
6．Occupied(occupy) in his research，he didn’t have time to go on holiday to relax himself.
7．He was ashamed of not achieving the goal that he set last year.
8．She was employed(employ) in doing the rewarding job every day.
9．I approve of your accompanying him to go to Beijing，but please do be careful.
10．Before birth，babies can distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
1．既尴尬又愧疚，他低下头，站在那里，一动不动。(形容词作状语，lower)(读后续写之羞愧内疚心理描写)
Embarrassed and ashamed，he lowered his head and stood there，motionless.
2．感觉到我对未知的焦虑和担忧，父亲试着逗我笑。(现在分词短语作状语，anxiety)(读后续写之紧张心理描写)
Having sensed my anxiety and stress of the unknown, Daddy tried to make me laugh.
3．听到这个悲惨的故事，他忍不住伤心地掉下眼泪。(when引导的状语从句，weep)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)
When he heard the miserable story，he couldn’t resist weeping in sadness.
4．如果您当时不帮助我，我不会对英语如此疯狂。(虚拟语气，do sb.a favour)(应用文之感谢信)
If you hadn’t done me a favour then，I wouldn’t have become so crazy about English.


请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：动词­ing形式作宾语和表语)

In our interactions with others，we employ appropriate body language，namely, nonverbal language to demonstrate our internal emotions.Sometimes we have difficulty in interpreting and distinguishing gestures because they aren’t 1.identical.So we should learn to perceive，assess and adjust our words accordingly.For instance，if a person is embarrassed and ashamed，he will 2.lower his head，bend his body and stare at the ground.If a person boils with anger or experiences anxiety，he will have a tendency to cross with arms in front of his chest，with tears rolling down his cheeks.If a person does not move his eyes for a long time，it means that he is 3.distracted.If a person approves of or 4.favours a plan，he may be witnessed straightening up and nodding his head.Certainly we can’t always make reliable inferences because body language 5.varies from person to person.Nevertheless，I still call on people to reveal body language with the purpose of breaking down the barriers in our daily communication.After all，properly reacting to body language is an important component of our daily routine.

练基础——单句语法填空
1．He can’t stand being looked(look) down upon.
2．I dreamed of sailing(sail) around the world and leading(lead) a happy life.
3．What he said was quite embarrassing(embarrass)．
技巧一点通
动词-ing形式可作动词和介词的宾语，其形式为doing/being done/having done；动词-ing形式可作表语，放在系动词后。

提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
我完成了自己被浙江大学录取的夙愿，这既鼓舞人心又催人奋进。我感觉自己好像成了世界上最快乐的人，开心且狂喜。(读后续写之喜乐心理描写)
I have achieved my ambition of being admitted to Zhejiang University.This is inspiring and encouraging.I feel as if I were the happiest person on the planet，overjoyed and delighted.