(新高考)高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第一册 Unit 4　高考题型组合练 (含详解)

高考题型组合练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

After two nights of staying in her apartment in Houston without power，Felicia Maten had no running water，her fingers and toes hurting from the cold.She huddled under blankets with her mother and daughter，together using their breath to warm themselves against freezing temperatures that weren’t letting up.

She drove around looking for a hotel.But she couldn’t find an available room，and the roads were dangerous.Finally，a neighbor suggested she go to Gallery Furniture.The owner，Jim “Mattress Mack” McIngvale，opened one of his local stores as a shelter for Texas residents displaced by the winter storms.

During the three days the makeshift shelter was open，thousands of people came in for food and warmth and hundreds slept over.“It meant so much to have somebody who doesn’t even know us care that much，” Maten said.“That man is full of love.”

This isn’t the first time McIngvale has opened his doors to people in weather emergencies.He did so during Hurricanes Katrina in 2005 and Harvey in 2017.

McIngvale began preparing for the winter storm a week in advance by buying 15,000 gallons of diesel to power the store’s generator for a week or so.He took COVID-19 precautions by providing security hand sanitization(杀菌) and masks.

McIngvale got the word out about the shelter through the business’ social media following and news coverage.He and his employees made specific accommodations for people，such as those with babies who need bottles warmed or senior citizens who need oxygen tanks plugged in.

“He was serving food，handing out water，going around checking on people.” said Jacy Wadhams，another Texas resident living in the area for 15 years.“He really takes pride in what he does.He’s an amazing person.”

“We believe that we all have responsibility for the wellbeing of the community and when times get tough we try to open our doors and let people come in and regroup，” said McIngvale.

1．What does the underlined word “huddled” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A．Warmed up.   B．Stayed hidden.

C．Kept calm.   D．Crowded together.

答案　D

解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句句意可推知她们一起“挤在”毯子下面来抵御低温，所以huddled的意思是“挤在一起”，故选D项。

2．Why did Maten drive to find a hotel in spite of danger?

A．She had power failure and no running water at home.

B．The extreme freezing weather would continue.

C．Gallery Furniture opened for the residents.

D．Her mother and daughter asked her to find one.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“After two nights of staying in her apartment in Houston without power，Felicia Maten had no running water，her fingers and toes hurting from the cold.”可知，Maten不顾危险开车出去找酒店是因为家里断水断电了，故选A项。

3．What can we infer from the sixth paragraph about McIngvale?

A．He is always ready to help others.

B．He has a talent for managing.

C．He is a very considerate man.

D．He is a low-key person.

答案　C

解析　推理判断题。根据第六、七段内容可知McIngvale乐于助人，且给他人提供了很好的帮助，由此可知他是一个体贴周到的人，故选C项。

4．What can we learn from McIngvale according to the text?

A．To be a businessman with conscience.

B．To be a loving and responsible person.

C．To create a well-known brand of product.

D．To fight bravely against bad weather.

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，他是一个有爱心的人。根据最后一段McIngvale所说的话可知，他是一个乐于助人且有责任心的人，我们应向他学习这些好的品质。故选B项。

B

(2022·山东泰山肥城摸底考)

Chimps use loud calls and gestures to make their feelings known but until now，the exact meaning for individual movements has remained a mystery.Now researchers believe they have translated the key gestures used in the chimp community and identified their intentions for the first time.

From 4,351 gestures，experts were able to identify 66 that are used for 19 specific message meanings，including showing a foot to tell a child they can climb on their back.The researchers were able to narrow down these 66 gestures to 36 that are used intentionally to achieve 15 purposes.The translations were made by Dr Catherine Hobaiter and her colleagues at St Andrews University in Scotland.

Dr Hobaiter used behavior sampling and filmed all recorded cases of gestural communication.Other gestures include stomping their feet to ask another chimp to stop what they are doing，and slapping objects together to ask another to follow them.Of the 19 meanings,17 encouraged interactions to start，or to develop，such as “move closer，” and “change play”．Some of the gestures were found to have more than one meaning.and only 10 of the 66 gestures were used for only a single meaning.

Researchers collected a total of 471 video clips from two social groups of chimps at a shelter near Kinshasa，Democratic Republic of Congo.As well as identifying what the gesture means，they also discovered the technique needed to increase the chances of success.

“Human children use gestures to communicate before they produce their first words，and their earliest gestures typically appear around 10 months of age，” explained the researchers.“In great apes，there is good evidence that language-trained individuals are capable of acquiring and understanding signals，but this is far less clear in their natural communication.”

5．Chimps slap the objects to         .

A．tell other chimps to stop what they are doing

B．ask other chimps to join them

C．gather other chimps to move closer

D．encourage interactions to start

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“...slapping objects together to ask another to follow them.”可知，黑猩猩拍打物体是为了邀请其他黑猩猩加入。故选B。

6．What did researchers find after studying 471 video clips?

A．Chimps trained in language are good at understanding signals.

B．Two social groups of chimps live at a shelter near Kinshasa.

C．Language-trained individuals do well in natural communication.

D．Chimps’ earliest gestures appear around 10 months of age.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In great apes，there is good evidence that language-trained individuals are capable of acquiring and understanding signals”可知，研究人员在研究了471个视频片段后发现受过语言训练的黑猩猩善于理解信号。故选A。

7．How is the last paragraph developed?

A．By analyzing causes.

B．By examining differences.

C．By making comparisons.

D．By following time order.

答案　C

解析　写作手法题。根据最后一段中研究人员解释说：“人类儿童在第一次说话之前就使用手势进行交流，他们最早的手势通常出现在10个月大的时候。有充分的证据表明，在类人猿中，受过语言训练的个体有能力获取和理解信号，但这在它们自然的交流中远远不够清晰。”可推知，最后一段是通过作比较展开的。故选C。

8．What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．A New Research on Chimps

B．Human Children and Chimps

C．Getting the Chimps Trained for Language

D．Translating the Sign Language of Chimps

答案　D

解析　标题归纳题。结合全文内容可知，文章详细介绍了关于翻译黑猩猩手语的研究过程以及研究的发现。可知，D选项“翻译黑猩猩的手语”最适合作文章标题。故选D。

Ⅱ.完形填空

Janela，a judge for Guinness World Records (GWR)，says it is the most fun he’s had since joining the GWR organization in 2009.As a judge，Janela has traveled the globe  1  record-setting events.He has dealt with everything   2   the largest number of people making sandwiches at the same time.

Each year，Janela judges between 15 and 20  3 .Of course，Janela’s job isn’t all  4 and games.“To become a Guinness World Records  5 ，I had to receive several months of   6  and take tests，” he says.“To do well in this role，you need a real depth of   7  —from food to sports—because you can   8   anything.”

Then there’s the record tracking.There are more than 50,000 Guinness World Records entries in the organization’s database.Each week，more than 1,000   9   are received from people 10 to break an exciting record or establish a new world record category.

As the U．S.content manager for GWR，Janela works with a team of 10   11   researching records，establishing rules for new records and organizing record categories.

As   12   as it can be to see new world records set，the biggest   13   to Janela’s job is being factual and fair.

“Sometimes it’s   14  to see a person or group trying hard to break a record but not coming close，” he says.“But remaining   15   is always our No.1 goal in record keeping.”

1．A.witnessing   B．sponsoring

C．supporting   D．attending

答案　A

解析　witness目击，亲眼所见；sponsor赞助，发起；support支持；attend出席。根据句意可知，Janela作为一名评委，“见证”了吉尼斯破纪录的事件。故选A项。

2．A.about   B．like

C．except   D．with

答案　B

解析　about关于；like比如，例如；except除……以外；with和……一起。下文“the largest number of people making sandwiches at the same time”是对前文everything举的一个例子，like“比如”，符合句意。故选B项。

3．A.sports   B．items

C．accidents   D．events

答案　D

解析　sport运动；item项目；accident事故；event赛事，事件。由上文中的“record-setting events”可知，此处是原词复现。故选D项。

4．A.satisfaction   B．success

C．fun   D．luck

答案　C

解析　satisfaction满意；success成功；fun趣味；luck好运。根据上文“...says it was the most fun he’s had...”可知，吉尼斯世界纪录充满了乐趣，此处是不完全否定，意为“并不全是娱乐和游戏”。故选C项。

5．A.organizer   B．player

C．researcher  D．judge

答案　D

解析　organizer组织者；player运动员；researcher研究者；judge裁判，评委。由文章开头“Janela，a judge for Guinness World Records (GWR)”可知，Janela是一名评委，此处是“为了做评委”。故选D项。

6．A.meeting  B．training

C．separation  D．competition

答案　B

解析　meeting会议；training训练；separation分离；competition竞赛。由前文“receive several months”及后文“take tests”可知，要做评委工作，需要接受培训。故选B项。

7．A.exercise   B．courage

C．wealth   D．knowledge

答案　D

解析　exercise练习；courage勇气；wealth财富；knowledge知识。根据后文“from food to sports—because you can          anything”可知，纪录项目五花八门，丰富多彩，做评委需要渊博的“知识”。故选D项。

8．A.observe   B．catch

C．win   D．find

答案　A

解析　observe观察；catch抓住；win赢；find找到，发现。因为评委工作的特点是观察评价，所以应用“observe”。故选A项。

9．A.records   B．applications

C．opinions   D．suggestions

答案　B

解析　record记录；application申请；opinion观点，意见；suggestion建议。根据常识，要参加大赛，需要先申请，后参加。故选B项。

10．A.managing   B．choosing

C．hoping   D．promising

答案　C

解析　manage设法做到；choose选择；hope希望；promise许诺。根据前文“Each week，more than 1,000          are received from people”和后文“to break an exciting record or establish a new world record category”可知，许多参加的人都带着破纪录的“希望”。故选C项。

11．A.anxious about   B．interested in

C．proud of   D．responsible for

答案　D

解析　(be) anxious about对……焦虑；(be) interested in对……感兴趣；(be) proud of以……骄傲；(be) responsible for对……负责。根据前文“As the U．S.content manager for GWR”可知，后文是Janela及其团队“负责”的工作。故选D项。

12．A.exciting   B．strange

C．easy   D．difficult

答案　A

解析　exciting激动人心的；strange奇怪的，陌生的；easy容易的；difficult困难的。根据常识，创造新的世界纪录是令人兴奋的。故选A项。

13．A.doubt   B．advantage

C．challenge   D．progress

答案　C

解析　doubt怀疑；advantage优点；challenge挑战；progress进步。根据语义以及后文“Janela’s job is being factual and fair”可知，Janela的工作也具有“挑战性”。故选C项。

14．A.convenient   B．hard

C．important   D．fair

答案　B

解析　convenient方便的；hard困难的，难以忍受的；important重要的；fair公平的。看到人们为了破纪录尽力拼搏，而以失败告终，评委也难以忍受。故选B项。

15．A.objective   B．practical

C．patient   D．honest

答案　A

解析　objective客观的；practical实际的；patient耐心的；honest诚实的。虽然看到人们为创纪录拼搏最终失败而于心不忍，但是也要保持客观公正。故选A项。

Ⅲ.语法填空

Tang Zhenya has worked as a postman of the China Post Laozishan Township Branch，Jiangsu Province for over 20 years.With nearly half of its population living on fishing，local residents either inhabit(居住于)their own 1.        (boat) or live along the shoreline.

Tang is a diligent postal employee 2.         begins sorting his parcels at 7 a．m.every day.He will deliver parcels to those living on land first and then set out 3.        (visit) the fishermen on Hongze Lake in the afternoon，which is sometimes 4.        (danger)．

In July 2003，he was delivering a notice of university 5.        (admit) to a student.Tang rowed the boat all across the lake.It was flood season and when Tang came to the center of the lake,6.         huge wave overturned the boat.Tang managed to hold the parcel 7.    (contain) the notice up in the air with one hand，holding on 8.         the boat for life with the other.Fortunately，he 9.        (save) by some fishermen and finally made his way over to the soon-to-be university student’s home.

When the student’s father saw Tang standing outside his door，soaking wet，he was both 10.____(move) and grateful.

1．答案　boats

解析　考查名词复数。当地人的船不止一艘，所以用复数。故填boats。

2．答案　who/that

解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，关系代词代替先行词“employee”，指人，在从句中作主语。故填who/that。

3．答案　to visit

解析　考查非谓语动词。“set out to do sth.” 固定搭配，意思是“开始着手做某事”。故填to visit。

4．答案　dangerous

解析　考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作表语。故填dangerous。

5．答案　admission

解析　考查词性转换。分析语境可知，此处指“大学录取通知书”，notice of university admission意为“大学录取通知书”。故填admission。

6．答案　a

解析　考查冠词。根据语境，此处指“一个巨浪打翻小船”，应用不定冠词，且huge发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。

7．答案　containing

解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词parcel，由于contain与parcel 之间为主动关系，所以要用现在分词。故填containing。

8．答案　to

解析　考查介词。短语“hold on to”为固定搭配，意思是“抓着不放手”。故填to。

9．答案　was saved

解析　考查动词的时态、语态。分析句子结构可知，此空作谓语，该动作时间为过去，与句子主语为被动关系。故填was saved。

10．答案　moved

解析　考查形容词。表示“某人受到感动”应用-ed结尾的形容词。故填moved。