(新高考)高考英语一轮复习选择性必修第一册 Unit 5　高考题型组合练 (含详解)

高考题型组合练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

School Group Train Travel

A fun day out for your school group starts with the train.Schoolchildren and teachers alike get a sense of occasion when you make travelling by train a part of your school trip.Tables at every seat and broad space for everyone to sit back and enjoy the journey while the scenic countryside rolls by，you might even get a game or quiz in along the way.

Iarnród Éireann offers school’s group discounts of 18 percent for groups of 11 or more.Group discounts are based on our Semi Flex web fare，allowing you some flexibility to change your school’s booking，should you need to up to 24 hours before you are due to travel once your tickets have not been printed.Cancellations and changes are at a fee of 20 percent.

Below are some examples of our most requested fares for per person.

•Galway to Dublin－14

•Killarney to Fota－16

•Thurles to Dublin－18

•Westport to Dublin－20

•Cork to Dublin－25

To book your school group train travel，you can book online or alternatively you can call us on (01) 8366 222 or contact your local sales team at：

•Cork (021) 455 7020

•Galway (091) 537554 or (091) 537539

•Limerick (061) 217 318

Bookings through middlemen are not accepted.

For more information，please view or download our School Group Travel Brochure or if you are looking for any ideas on where to go，check out Our School Tour Ideas.

1．What is a requirement if a school’s booking has to be changed?

A．Tickets have already been printed out.

B．The discounts are no longer available.

C．The travelers must pay a fee of 18 percent.

D．It is done at least 24 hours in advance.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，如果学校的预约需要更改，至少提前24小时完成。故选D。

2．Which of the following travels costs 20 children over 350?

A．Cork to Dublin.   B．Thurles to Dublin.

C．Killarney to Fota.   D．Westport to Dublin.

答案　A

解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Iarnród Éireann offers school’s group discounts of 18 percent for groups of 11 or more.”可知，从科克到都柏林20个孩子需花费25×20×(1－18%)＝410欧元，超过了350欧元。故选A。

3．Which way is unavailable for booking the tickets?

A．Booking on the website.

B．Calling on (01) 8366 222.

C．Buying through local travel agents.

D．Contacting the local sales team.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。根据“Bookings through middlemen are not accepted.”可知，通过当地旅行社购买不能订票。故选C。

B

In the near future IOT (Internet of Things) will drive huge innovation(革新)in the way our food is grown.Plants will have a “voice”，not a human voice，but a voice based on data that can tell people，computers，and machines when，for example，they are thirsty，or need more sun，medicine，etc.

Take vertical(垂直的)farms for example.Farming is moving indoors where the growth of plants can be monitored and controlled.The facilities are built vertically，so growing areas can be put in piles.This greatly reduces the amount of land needed for farming.

From an IOT point of view，vertical farms are connected in two ways.First，small sensors(传感器) in the soil or connected to plants tell a control system exactly how much light，water，and nutrients are needed to grow the healthiest crops.Sensors will also tell vertical farmers when crops are nearing their peak for harvesting at just the right time to make sure it’s still fresh when it reaches its final destination.

Second，vertical farms will be connected to other networks and information systems，including databases that track local demand.For example，local restaurants may input when they need fresh food supplies.And vertical farmers could get that information so they know which crops to grow in what quantities.This type of IOT system would have been unimaginable a generation ago.

Today，vertical farms are being experimented.Yet，the numbers point to a bright future for the industry，especially as the world’s population continues to grow.For example，Green Sense Farms in Chicago is able to harvest crops 26 times a year using 85 percent less energy，one-tenth the water，and no pesticides.A side benefit of lower energy use is lower CO2 output of two tons per month，with the added benefit of creating 46 pounds of oxygen every day.

4．How do sensors attached to plants work?

A．By recording farmers harvesting crops.

B．By monitoring farmers working in their field.

C．By passing information on to a control system.

D．By analyzing information to preserve crops.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，附着在植物上的传感器是通过把信息传递给控制系统而工作的。故选C。

5．What can the IOT system help to do according to Paragraph 4?

A．Expand the output of crops.

B．Move restaurants onto farms.

C．Determine the needs of farmers.

D．Match supply with demand.

答案　D

解析　推理判断题。根据第四段前三句可推断，物联网可以将供应和需求相匹配。故选D。

6．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of vertical farming?

A．Hopeful.   B．Unconcerned.

C．Negative.   D．Doubtful.

答案　A

解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段第二句可知，a bright future(光明前景)是关键词，故可推断作者对垂直农场的未来充满了希望，故选A。

7．What is the main idea of the text?

A．Voice machines help plants speak up.

B．Farmers are all turning to vertical farming.

C．Vertical farms driven by IOT are a future for agriculture.

D．IOT has brought great innovation to our future life.

答案　C

解析　主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章围绕“物联网驱动下的垂直农场”展开，各段详细讲述了它的未来应用，C选项能准确概括文章主旨，故选C。

C

(2022·广东深圳六校联考)

In the old days，when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment，it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact on the environment.After all，you were jumping into your car，driving across towns，coughing out emissions and using gas all the way.But now that we’re used to staying at home and streaming movies，we might get a little proud.After all，we’re just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV.You’re welcome.Mother Nature.

Not so fast，says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project.According to Climate Crisis：The Unsustainable Use of Online Video，digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions，and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year.Watching a half-hour show would cause 1.6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions.That’s like driving 6.28 kilometers.And in the European Union，the Eureca project found that data centers(where videos are stored) there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier，reports the BBC.

Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more enamored of our digital devices(设备) and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it to increase.Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022.By then，about 60% of the world’s population will be online.

You’re probably not going to give up your streaming services，but there’re things you can do to help lessen the impact of your online use，experts say.For example，according to Lutz Stobbe，a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin，we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time.If instead you delete a few things here and there，you can save energy.Moreover，it’s also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi，watch on the smallest screen as you can，and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you’re not using your devices.

8．What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in?

A．The environmental effects of driving private cars.

B．The improvements on environmental awareness.

C．The change in the way people seek entertainment.

D．The environmental impacts of screaming services.

答案　D

解析　推理判断题。第一段中，作者把过去开车去电影院看电影时汽车尾气对环境的影响和今天坐在家里看手机、电视进行比较，目的在于引出文章的主题：流媒体服务对环境的影响。故选D。

9．What does the underlined phrase “become more enamored of” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Get more skeptical of.

B．Become more aware of.

C．Feel much crazier about.

D．Get more worried about.

答案　C

解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段最后两句可知，从2017年到2022年，在线视频的使用预计将增加4倍，到2022年占所有互联网流量的80%。届时，全球约60%的人口都将会上网。由此可知，流媒体只会随着我们越来越迷恋我们的数字设备和随时随地享受娱乐的可能性的增加而增加。故选C。

10．What can we infer about the use of streaming services?

A．It is being reduced to protect the planet.

B．Its environmental effects are worsening.

C．It is easily available to almost everyone.

D．Its side effects have drawn global attention.

答案　B

解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，数字技术造成了4%的温室气体排放，而能源消耗每年以9%的速度增长。看半小时的节目会导致1.6千克的二氧化碳排放。因此我们可以推断出流媒体服务的使用对环境的影响正在恶化。故选B。

11．Which of the following is the most environmentally friendly?

A．Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.

B．Downloading music on a personal computer.

C．Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.

D．Playing online games over mobile networks.

答案　A

解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段尤其是最后一句可知，“用手机看下载的电影”是最环保的。故选A。

Ⅱ.七选五

How to Think Outside the Box

Being open to dissenting(持异议的) opinions is not the only way to think outside the box.  1 

A break in our everyday life may provide the force needed to shift the direction of our thinking.So we can change environments.  2   For example，reorganizing our desk or taking a new route to work.However，for others，bigger changes such as a new job or a marriage are required.

A famous concept is approaching routine situations as if we met or saw them for the first time.In other words，we should look at them as if we’d never seen them.  3   For instance，when we brush our teeth，take a moment to look at the toothbrush as if we never laid eyes on such an object and noticed its color and shape.Think about the flavor of the toothpaste and notice how our mouth feels as we move the brush back and forth.

  4   The mere presence of a group of people with diverse experiences，views and backgrounds in our everyday life creates an atmosphere in which people can better respond to change.Why？Because they are key drivers of the development of new ideas and solutions.

Unlike negative emotions(情感) that cause specific reactions (for example，fear drives us to flee)，positive emotions help us broaden our attention，explore our environment，and open ourselves to absorbing information.  5   They can be those that are going well or for which we are grateful.This shifting-into-positivity process will automatically brighten our mood—and free our brain.

A．It’s also helpful to seek for the difference.

B．For some people，small changes might work.

C．We should show respect for different cultures too.

D．Some small techniques could help broaden the way we think.

E．Take a few moments to think about the beautiful things in our life.

F．Positive emotions play an important part in unfreezing our thinking.

G．“Beginners’ mind” allows us to remain open to experiences despite any knowledge we may have.

1．答案　D

解析　空前提到“对持异议的观点保持开放的态度不是唯一一种创造性思考的方法”，D项承上启下，是说还有别的一些技巧，且D项中“techniques”与空前一句中“way”呼应。故选D项。

2．答案　B

解析　空前提到“我们可以改变一下环境”，B项呼应上文，都是关于改变，空后一句是B项中“small changes”的具体内容；且B项与下文“However，for others，bigger changes such as a new job or a marriage are required.”形成对比。故选B项。

3．答案　G

解析　空前提到“换句话说，我们应该像从未见过它们一样来看待它们”，G项是说明空前提到的方法的好处，空后内容是对G项中的“Beginners’ mind”进行举例说明，上下文衔接紧密，故选G项。

4．答案　A

解析　空处位于句首，是段落主题句，根据本段内容“diverse experiences，views and backgrounds”及“Because they are key drivers of the development of new ideas and solutions.”可知，寻找差异对我们也有帮助。所以A项切题。故选A项。

5．答案　E

解析　根据空后“它们可以是那些进展良好或者我们所感激的事情”可知，E项切题，空后的They指代E项中“the beautiful things”，故选E项。