(新高考)高考英语基础知识默写本选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage

Unit 4   Adversity and CourageⅠ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共14分)1．adversity n．困境；逆境2．expedition n．探险；远征；探险队3．endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力4．cupboard n．橱柜；壁橱；衣柜5．steward n．(轮船、飞机或火车上的)乘务员；服务员6．crush vt.毁坏；压坏；压碎n.拥挤的人群7．stove n．炉具；厨房灶具8．voyage n．& vi.航海；航行9．navy n．海军；海军部队10．decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的11．cosy adj.温馨的；舒适的12．corporate adj.公司的；法人的；社团的13．navigator n．领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者14．motive n．动机；原因；目的Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共11分)1．bitter adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的2．wage n．工资3．vigour n．精力；力量；活力4．blanket n．毯子5．good/bad-tempered adj.脾气好的/坏的6．bark vi.& n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问7．bat n．球拍；蝙蝠 vi.& vt.用球板击球；挥打；拍打8．damp adj.潮湿的；湿气重的9．nephew n．侄子；外甥10．rough adj.汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的11．motor n．发动机；马达 adj.有引擎的；机动车的Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)1．aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)→board v．上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n．木板；董事会；伙食2．envy n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌→envious adj.嫉妒的；羡慕的3．selfish adj.自私的→selfishly adv.自私地→selfishness n．自私4．advertising n．广告活动；广告业→advertise vt.& vi.公布；宣传；做广告→advertisement n．广告；宣传5．loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的→loyalty n．忠诚；忠实Ⅳ.增加词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．mess n．凌乱 2．mild adj.温和的；轻微的3．minority n．少数；少数民族 4．misleading adj.欺骗的；误导性的5．mixture n．混合；混合物Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共14分)1．turn sb.down拒绝(某人)2．make fire生火3．give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)4．dream of/about梦想5．be enthusiastic about 对……充满热情6．throw away 扔掉7．go from bad to worse 每况愈下Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题2分，共16分)1．As far as I’m concerned，the new roommate is honest，genuine，enthusiastic and full of vigour.2．The boy lost his parents in the fire，and led a miserable life alone.3．The only piece of furniture he has in his room is a bed.4．We play basketball once a week for recreation.In this way，we can relieve our pressure.5．Please send us all the information that you have about the candidate(s)(应试者) for the position.6．Abandoned(遗弃) by his owner，the little dog was leading a miserable life.7．Our headteacher requested us to clean our classroom thoroughly(彻底) before class the next day.8．Learning that I failed in the exam，my heart sank/sunk(下沉)．Ⅱ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分)1．Today I am as enthusiastic about my job as the first day and my enthusiasm enables me to treat my job enthusiastically.(enthusiastic)2．Believe it or not，my husband treated me cruelly and his cruelty always made me in low spirits.(cruel)3．Instead of resolving to lose weight，try a practical resolution：“I’ll stop having dessert for lunch.”(resolve)4．Fortunately，he received a large fortune from his uncle who is warm-hearted and generous.(fortunate)5．He committed himself to working day and night.His commitment won him a great reputation.(commit)6．He persevered with his violin lessons.It was his perseverance that enabled him to become a distinguished violinist.(persevere)7．He has educational qualifications and hence he is well qualified for the job as a tutor.(qualify)8.Unfortunately，all his belongings have been stolen，so nothing belongs to him.(belong)9．Under the guidance of the qualified guide，we traveled around the places of interest very happily.(guide)10．He assigned me to the difficult assignment，so I couldn’t waste any time.(assign)Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)1．以下是一些你渴望知道的相关信息。(全部倒装)Below is some relevant information you desire to know.2．我们必须给花浇足够的水，这是很有必要的。(as...as...)We must give flowers as much water as they need，which is necessary.3．做最终决定前，我将询问您的建议。(before引导的时间状语从句)Before I make a final decision，I will ask you for your advice.4．只要你采纳我的建议，你一定会在北京上大学期间拥有最难忘的经历。(as long as)As long as you take my advice，you are bound to have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.5．如果我是你，我肯定会充分利用时间来提高我的学业成绩。(if引导的虚拟条件句)If I were you，I would certainly make full use of the time to improve my academic performance.