湖北省武汉市第一中学2022-2023学年高三英语上学期10月月考试题（Word版附解析）

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武汉市第一中学2022-2023 学年度上学期十月月考
高三英语试卷
考试时间：2022-10-23(10:20-12:20)
考生须知：
1.本卷共8页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟；
2.答题前,在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准号证号并填涂相应数字。
✮ 祝考试顺利！✮
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题。每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will Mary go to school today?
A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot.
2 What do we know about the woman?
A. She is a policewoman. B. She knows little about the fire. C. She is a survivor of the big fire.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Neighbors. C. Co-workers.
4. What are the speakers doing?
A. Having a meeting. B. Interviewing applicants. C. Giving a presentation.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The importance of washing. B. The weather this year. C. Water conservation.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6. What is the man going to do this summer?
A. Teach a course. B. Repair his house. C. Work at a hotel.
7. How will the man use the money?
A. To hire a gardener. B. To pay for a boat trip. C. To buy books.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a clothes shop. B. In a library. C. In a hospital.
9. What can we know about the woman?
A. She is a little thinner. B. She’ll get $15 change. C. She’ll take the large jacket.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
10. Who was ill last week?
A. Mr. Hudson. B. Mr. Hudson’s mother. C. Mr. Hudson’s son.
11. What does the woman say about Mr. Hudson?
A. He is a very good worker.
B. He is a person who cares nothing.
C. He is a person who often gets angry.
12. What may be the reason for Mr. Hudson’s sadness?
A. His problem at work.
B. His manager wants to fire him.
C. His son has brought him some trouble.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is the woman doing when the man calls?
A. Cleaning the computer. B. Building a new computer. C. Placing an ad on the Internet.
14. What was mentioned in the ad?
A. The price of the computer. B. The woman’s address. C. The woman’s email address.
15. What will the man’s daughter be doing tomorrow?
A. Teaching a class. B. Visiting a new school. C. Playing sports.
16. When will the speakers meet?
A. Tomorrow at 10:00 am. B. Wednesday at 9:00 am. C. Wednesday at 10:00 am.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. Who is the speaker?
A. An invited guest. B. A news reporter. C. A radio host.
18. In what way has the speaker changed?
A. She speaks faster. B. She becomes heavier. C. She cooks more often.
19. What is difficult for the speaker to get used to?
A. The food. B. The weather. C. The language.
20. What does the speaker think of the French people?
A. A bit cold. B. Generous. C. Easy-going.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Immersive Van Gogh
From the creators of the blockbuster show in Paris seen by over two million visitors and still wowing crowds in Toronto, the west coast premiere (首场) of the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit will bring the art of Vincent to life in Los Angeles.
Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of the art.
True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic (偶像的) paintings of Vincent van Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionist’s most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night.
You will experience art like never before—lose yourself in entrancing, moving images that highlight brushstrokes, detail, and color—truly illuminating (照亮) the mind of the genius.
LOCATION
The Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit is located at a secret place situated in the heart of Los Angeles. To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public.
TICKET PRICES
VIP TICKETS—$99.99
●Priority access
●Van Gogh cushion (a gift for you)
●Limited edition poster
PREMIUM TICKETS—$5999
●Van Gogh cushion (rental)
●Limited edition poster
BASIC TICKETS—$54.99
●Admission only
CHILD TICKETS—$29.99
●Ages 6—16 (children 5 and under do not require a ticket)
●Admission only
●Child tickets are not subject to change of date fees
Tickets are available online at www.vangoghla.com.
GIFT SHOP
Stop by our Exhibit Gift Shop to take the magic of Van Gogh home with you! From clothing and jewelry to home décor, children’s books, and so much more, you will find unique and thoughtful souvenirs at the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit. Also be sure to check out at our online store!
Experience the organic landscapes of Van Gogh’s imagination, and journey through his brilliance and madness in a completely new and unforgettable way.
1. According to the passage, the Immersive Van Gogh Exhibit ________.
A. presents Van Gogh’s art in a modern way
B. begins a journey to Van Gogh’s hometown
C. displays Van Gogh’s paintings on moving walls
D. designs projects on Van Gogh’s learning experience
2. From where can people find information about the exact location of the exhibit?
A. An email. B. A website.
C. The ticket office. D. The gift shop.
3. How much should a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion at least pay for the visit?
A. $109.98. B. $154.98.
C. $159.98. D. $199.98.
【答案】1. A2. A3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了这场沉浸式梵高作品展在西海岸的首映式将在洛杉矶让梵高的艺术重现人间。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Immersive art is not just a technical way to represent video and audio in huge spaces. The word immersive indicates a deep commitment of intentions which connect images and sounds in a way that the audience is able to experience a different way of the art.(沉浸式艺术不仅仅是在巨大空间中表现视频和音频的技术方法。沉浸式这个词表明了一种深刻的意图，通过将图像和声音连接起来，让观众能够体验到一种不同的艺术方式)”以及第三段“True to its name, this exhibition transforms the iconic paintings of Vincent van Gogh into moving, wall-filling projections. “Immersive Van Gogh” promises half-a-million cubic feet of projections that pull from some of the post-impressionist’s most recognizable pieces, including The Bedroom, Sunflowers and, yes, The Starry Night.(正如它的名字一样，这次展览将文森特·梵高的标志性画作变成了移动的、充满墙壁的投影。Immersive Van Gogh承诺将使用50万立方英尺的投影，呈现出印象派最著名的作品，包括《卧室》、《向日葵》，没错，还有《星夜》)”可知，沉浸式艺术是一种将图像和声音连接起来的新型艺术形式。本次梵高绘画展演就是要通过沉浸式艺术展现。由此推知，本次展演将通过一种新的方式呈现。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“To be announced before the exhibit opens, existing ticket holders will receive an email with the place name and location once it is made public.(在展览开始前宣布，一旦公开，现有的门票持有者将收到一封附有地点和地点的电子邮件)”可知，想要得到本次展演的确切地点，只能通过电子邮件。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干“a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion (一对夫妇和一个5岁的孩子，并且想拥有一个梵高坐垫)”可知，一共有两个成人，一个五岁的小孩，并且想要梵高坐垫。再结合“Ages 6—16 (children 5 and under do not require a ticket)”可知，五岁以下的小孩不需要门票。再根据题干中“own a Van Gogh cushion”可知，想要得到一份Van Gogh cushion必须其中一人购买VIP TICKETS，即需要$99.99。另一个人只需要购买BASIC TICKETS(基本门票)，即需要$54.99。所以a couple with a 5-year-old child who would like to own a Van Gogh cushion (一对夫妇和一个5岁的孩子，并且想拥有一个梵高坐垫)至少需要$154.98。故选B。
B
My neighbors across the street take pride in one of the most striking trees in the neighborhood—a towering oak that is over 75 years old. This year, after a wet, warm summer, leaves were a bit different in my Massachusetts town. And through some combination of events, that glorious oak seemed to have dropped all of its uncountable leaves on a single windy day. I arrived at home that afternoon to find our front walkway, driveway and sidewalk completely blanketed.
My son and I had a great time making a leaf pile for jumping and enjoying pillowy fun. The whole time, I was fascinated by the speed of this year’s leaf drop. Even though I was aware that it was an accident of wind patterns that left all the leaves in our yard, I kept looking up and feeling a zing of awe at the suddenly bare branches that watched quietly over our neighborhood, starting its restful season before setting spring leaf buds.
And I felt thankful for those fallen leaves as I was reminded of my favorite quote from the author and naturalist Hal Borland. He wrote it referencing October, but this year’s later drop had me change the month:“November is the fallen leaf, but it is also a wider horizon more clearly seen. It is the distant hills once more in sight, and the enduring constellations (星座) above them once again.”
When I lay in that pile of dry, crisp leaves and looked up into the oak tree across the street, I felt a clarity and peace that comes along with the inconveniently early sunsets and chilly temperatures of the transition from fall into winter. I could still admire the tree as I had in spring and summer, but I could also see through it, beyond it, to the big sky that blankets us all.
4. What’s unusual this year?
A. Outdoor activities are limited due to heavy winds.
B. A series of special events happened in the neighborhood.
C. The weather is especially cold in winter in Massachusetts.
D. The neighbors’ big tree dropped all its leaves within a day.
5. What kind of feeling does the underlined part “a zing of awe” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Anxiety. B. Sorrow. C. Comfort. D. Amazement.
6. Why is Hal Borland’s lines quoted in Paragrapn 3?
A. To express the author’s admiration for the naturalist.
B. To emphasize the importance of getting close to nature.
C. To express the author’s feelings about the leaf-falling season.
D. To emphasize the beauty of the author’s childhood memories.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. The Sky Far Beyond.
B. The Fall of Massachusetts.
C. The Beauty of a Newly-bare Tree.
D. The Memories of Peace and Beauty.
【答案】4. D5. D6. C7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文，作者描述了秋末冬初落叶满地的景色，抒发了对这个季节的赞美之情。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“And through some combination of events, that glorious oak seemed to have dropped all of its uncountable leaves on a single windy day.(经过种种事件的综合，那棵辉煌的橡树似乎在一个刮风的日子里，把它无数的叶子都掉光了。)”可知，今年的不寻常之处是邻居的大树在一天之内掉光了所有的叶子。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“the suddenly bare branches that watched quietly over our neighborhood, starting its restful season before setting spring leaf buds(突然光秃秃的树枝静静地注视着我们的社区，开始了春天嫩芽之前的宁静季节)”可知，作者惊叹于叶落之后大树的树干和树枝之美，因此“a zing of awe”的意思是“惊叹”，和amazement意思相近，故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“November is the fallen leaf, but it is also a wider horizon more clearly seen. It is the distant hills once more in sight, and the enduring constellations above them once again.(十一月是落叶，但它也更广阔的视野更清晰地看到。远处的群山又出现在眼前，群山上方经久不衰的星座又出现在眼前。)”可知，这句话描述的是十一月的美景，因此在第三段引用了Hal Borland所写的句子的目的是表达作者对落叶季节的感受。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章最后一段“When I lay in that pile of dry, crisp leaves and looked up into the oak tree across the street, I felt a clarity and peace that comes along with the inconveniently early sunsets and chilly temperatures of the transition from fall into winter. I could still admire the tree as I had in spring and summer, but I could also see through it, beyond it, to the big sky that blankets us all.(当我躺在那堆又干又脆的树叶上，抬头望着街对面的橡树时，我感到了一种清澈与平静，这是伴随着令人不安的早日落和秋冬交替期间的寒冷气温而来的。我仍然可以像春天和夏天那样欣赏这棵树，但我也可以透过它，越过它，看到覆盖我们所有人的广阔天空。)”可知，作者惊叹于叶落之后大树的树干和树枝之美，抒发了对这个季节的赞美之情。因此最好的题目是C选项“The Beauty of a Newly-bare Tree.(刚变得光秃秃的树的美丽。)”，故选C。
C
Celebrity has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.
Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.
However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty (忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.
Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reducea celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion - like celebrity - has always been temporary.
8. Fashion magazines today ________.
A. seldom put models on the cover
B. no longer put models on the cover
C. need not worry about celebrities’ market potential
D. judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly
9. “loyalty (忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels” in Paragraph 3 echoes the idea that _______.
A. ordinary consumers are more concerned with price rather than brand name
B. celebrity branded products can be an instant success
C. consumer’s enthusiasm for celebrity branded products prove to be inconstant
D. to consumers, quality matters more than the outside of products.
10. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly ________.
A. decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his products
B. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general public
C. cut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show business
D. influence the price of a celebrity’s products
11. The passage is mainly about ________.
A. celebrity and personal style B. celebrity and market potential
C. celebrity and fashion design D. celebrity and clothing industry
【答案】8. A9. D10. A11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了名人已成为流行文化的重要代表，但是今天，名人面临更加严峻的尴尬。流行文化圈比以往大，其周转速度也加快，名人每一次的失误都会减少他们的知名度和他们产品的销售。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces.(此外，时尚杂志几乎已经放弃了把模特放在封面上的做法，因为他们不像名人那样卖得好)”可知，如今的时尚杂志很少把模特放在封面上。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty (忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels. (无论产品的来源有多著名，如果它不能以自身的品质打动消费者，它就开始像一种自我推销的营销活动。一旦最初的关注消失，消费者的兴趣可能会消退，忠诚回归到久经考验的品牌)”可知，当名人高估他自己的消费者吸引力时，不管产品的原产地有多有名，如果它不能以自身的品质打动消费者。由此推知，“忠诚回归到久经考验的品牌”呼应了这样一个观点：对消费者来说，质量比产品的外观更重要。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。划线句子意为“每一个失误都有可能缩短名人的保质期”。根据第四段划线句子前一句“The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well.(流行文化圈的规模可能比以往任何时候都大，但它的周转率也在加快)”和后一句“and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. (而曾经给他带来名声的同一份报纸或杂志，一旦机会出现，就会毫不犹豫地把他撕成碎片)”可知，每一个失误都可能会降低名人的知名度和他的产品的销量。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.(因此，名人意识到他们难以置信的强大市场潜力，从为别人的产品做广告到开发自己的产品)”及全文内容可知，文章主要说明了名人已成为流行文化的重要代表，但是今天，名人面临更加严峻的尴尬。流行文化圈比以往大，其周转速度也加快，名人每一次的失误都会减少他们的知名度，和他们产品的销售。由此可知，文章主要论述了“celebrity and market potential(名人与市场潜力)”。故选B。
D
Women were less likely than men to support the Vietnam war, the Gulf war, or the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. They commit far fewer murders. They are less likely to favor strikes. For some scholars, these are grounds for thinking that a world run by women would be more peaceful.
But European history suggests otherwise, according to political scientists Oeindrila Dube and S. P. Harish. They studied how often European rulers went to war between 1480 and 1913, and found that states ruled by queens were 27% more likely to get involved in wars than those ruled by kings.
This was not all the queens’ fault: men, seeing them as soft targets, tended to attack them. Frederick the Great of Prussia once declared: ”No woman should ever be allowed to govern anything.“ Shortly after becoming king, he attacked the newly crowned Archduchess of Austria, Maria Theresa, and seized Silesia province. Despite years of war, she never recovered it.
But perceived weakness is not the whole story. Queens, the researchers found, were more likely to gain new territory. Catherine the Great expanded her empire by some 200,000 square miles. And married queens were more aggressive than single queens or kings, whether single or married.
The authors suggest several reasons for this. First, married queens may have been able to form more military alliances(联盟),making them confident enough to pick fights. Their husbands had often served in the army before they married, and were well placed to strengthen military ties between their homelands and their wives’ states.
Second unlike most kings, queens often gave their husbands a lot of power,putting them in charge of foreign policy or the economy. During the 1740s, Maria Theresa’s husband, Francis I, reformed the Austrian economy and raised money for the armed forces while his wife ruled much of central Europe. Prince Albert was Queen Victoria’s most trusted adviser, shaping her foreign policy until his death in1861. This division of labor, the authors suggest, freed up time for queens to pursue more aggressive policies.
The modern era, too, has witnessed female leaders in wars: Golda Meir and the Yom Kippur war, or Margaret Thatcher and the Falklands. The number of countries led by women has more than doubled since 2000, but there is plenty of room for improvement: the current level of 15 represents less than 10 % of the total. A world in which more women took power might be more equal. Whether it would be more peaceful is a different question.
12. The underlined “perceived weakness” in paragraph 4 means that________.
A. women were less likely to support wars
B. women could not recover lost territory
C. women commit far fewer crimes
D. women were soft targets
13. Why were married queens more likely to gain new territory?
A. Because their military alliances picked fights for them.
B. Because they were ambitious and aggressive by nature.
C. Because their husbands were supportive in state governing.
D. Because they centralized all power into their own hands.
14. What is the purpose of mentioning the two female leaders in the last paragraph?
A. To imply there is room for improvement in gender equality.
B. To indicate more females become leaders in modern times.
C. To illustrate female leaders cannot prevent wars in modern times.
D. To suggest female leaders have their share of wars in modern times.
15. According to the passage, we can safely conclude that________.
A. married women are not fit to govern their states on their own
B. female leaders should be responsible for all wars throughout history
C. the world wouldn’t be more peaceful even if more women took power
D. the division of labor allows queens to survive economic crisis
【答案】12. D13. C14. D15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由女性执政的国家历史上并不比男性执政的国家和平，已婚女王带领的国家其实经历了更多的战争。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“This was not all the queens’ fault: men, seeing them as soft targets, tended to attack them. (这不全是女王的错：男人们把他们视为软目标，倾向于攻击他们)”以及下文可知，男人们将女人看作软柿子，倾向于攻击她们，然后举例证明男人攻击女性执政的国家，而第四段却表示这不是完整的故事，说明划线词应该指代上文男性对女性的轻视，因此画线的句子应该理解为“认为女人是软柿子”。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The authors suggest several reasons for this. First, married queens may have been able to form more military alliances(联盟),making them confident enough to pick fights. Their husbands had often served in the army before they married, and were well placed to strengthen military ties between their homelands and their wives’ states.(作者提出了几个原因。首先，已婚皇后可能已经能够形成更多的军事联盟，使他们有足够的信心挑起战争。他们的丈夫在结婚前经常在军队服役，他们处于有利地位，可以加强祖国和妻子所在州之间的军事联系)”可知，他们的丈夫会帮助其管理国家。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“The modern era, too, has witnessed female leaders in wars: Golda Meir and the Yom Kippur war, or Margaret Thatcher and the Falklands. (现代也见证了战争中的女性领导人：戈尔达·梅尔和赎罪日战争，或者玛格丽特·撒切尔和福克兰群岛)”可知，这里举例是想表明当代的女性领导者也在战争中有参与。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后两句话“A world in which more women took power might be more equal. Whether it would be more peaceful is a different question.(一个有更多女性掌权的世界可能会更加平等。是否会更和平是另一个问题)”可知，越来越多女性执政可能世界会更平等，但是是否更和平就是另一回事了，且前面一直介绍历史上和现代女性执政者都参与战争，所以我们可以总结出就算更多女性执政，世界也不会变得更加和平。故选C。
第二节（共5小题:每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中两项为多余选项。
As the proverb goes beauty is in the eye of the beholder. ____16____ A paper published two years ago in Nature found a connection between people’s sense of well-being and the scenicness (美景) of where they lived. The paper’s authors measured scenicness by conducting a survey among volunteers.
The connection, the paper’s authors found, held true whether a neighborhood was urban or rural. ____17____ Nor did levels of air pollution have any influence on it. The authors also discovered that differences in volunteers’ health were better explained by the scenicness of where they lived than by the amount of green space around them.
____18____ The team behind that Nature paper have nevertheless decided to have a go. They have adapted a computer program to recognize beautiful landscapes, whether natural or artificial, using the criteria that a human beholder would employ. The program’s task was to work out, by analyzing each photograph’s features in the context of its Scenic-or-Not ratings, what it is that makes a landscape scenic.
Most of the results are not surprising. Lakes and horizons scored well. So did valleys and snowy mountains. In artificial landscapes, castles, churches and cottages were seen as scenic. ____19____ The analysis did, however, confirm one important finding from the team’s previous study, which is also a message for town planners. Green spaces alone are not scenic. To be so they need to involve contours (高低起伏的轮廓) and trees. ____20____
A. But surroundings matter.
B. Hospitals, garages and motels were not so much.
C. So people have a deep affection for where they live.
D. It bore no relation to volunteers’ social and economic status.
E. Therefore, less grass and more trees and bushes would be welcome.
F. Natural landscapes are rated as scenicness as opposed to artificial landscapes.
G. Determining what scenicness is, though, has always been frustrating for scientists.
【答案】16. A17. D18. G19. B20. E
【解析】
【导语】文章是一篇说明文，介绍了人类的幸福感与他们所居住的地方的景色之间存在联系。
【16题详解】
上文“As the proverb goes, beauty is in the eye of the beholder.”（俗话说，情人眼里出西施。）说明美感受观察者的主观感受影响。A项“But”表示与上文转折，讲的是环境也很重要，从而引出下文关于幸福感与环境之间的联系的论文研究：“A paper published two years ago in Nature found a connection between people’s sense of well-being and the scenicness (美景) of where they lived.”（两年前发表于《自然》的一篇论文发现，人们的幸福感与他们所居住的地方的景色之间存在联系。）A项符合文意。故选A项。
【17题详解】
上文“The connection, the paper’s authors found, held true whether a neighborhood was urban or rural.”（论文发现，无论是在城市还是在农村，这种联系都是存在的。）说明无论地点在哪儿，幸福感和环境有关的联系都是存在的；下文“Nor did levels of air pollution have any influence on it.”（空气污染水平也不对其产生影响）说明与空气污染水平无关。所以设空处也是讲的是影响人们幸福感的因素，而且由下文“Nor”可知设空处也是否定句。D项“It bore no relation to volunteers’ social and economic status.”（人们的幸福感和参与调查的志愿者的社会和经济地位无关。）符合文意。故选D项。
【18题详解】
下文“The team behind that Nature paper have nevertheless decided to have a go.”（尽管如此，该论文的团队还是决定做一番尝试。）的“nevertheless”说明它与设空处之间是转折关系，也就是说，该团队所尝试的内容是有难度的。再根据后面“The program’s task was to work out, by analyzing each photograph’s features in the context of its Scenic-or-Not ratings, what it is that makes a landscape scenic.”（该项目的任务是，通过分析对应不同美景等级的照片的特征，找出使风景被视为美景的因素。）可知，团队尝试分析景色被视为美景的因素。由此推知，设空处的内容与给美景下定义让人苦恼有关，所以G项“Determining what scenicness is, though, has always been frustrating for scientists.”（确定美景的概念让科学家们感到沮丧。）符合文意，故选G项。
【19题详解】
上文“In artificial landscapes, castles, churches and cottages were seen as scenic.”（人工景观中，城堡、教堂和村舍被视为美景。）讲的是有些人工景观被评为美景。B项“Hospitals, garages and motels were not so much.”讲的是医院、车库和汽车旅馆等另一些人工景观的美景评分并不高。上文和设空处讲的都是人工景观的美景评级结果，由此引出下文的结论：“The analysis did, however, confirm one important finding from the team’s previous study, which is also a message for town planners. Green spaces alone are not scenic.”（然而，该研究的确印证了团队先前的一项研究，该研究也给城市规划师提供了建议。绿地自身不是美景。）故选B项。
【20题详解】
上文“Green spaces alone are not scenic. To be so they need to involve contours (高低起伏的轮廓) and trees.”（绿地自身不是美景，要有高低起伏的轮廓和树木。）说明要多种些树、具有高低起伏的轮廓才算是风景。E项对上文进行补充，即少一些草地，多一些树和灌木丛才受大家欢迎，符合文意。故选E项。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短丈，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Rogers had turned around a curve on his bike when he spotted a pretty girl with blonde hair sitting on the side of the trail. Rogers was trying to play it ____21____. He was just going to casually ride by when he ____22____ her suffering and asked if he could help. Linden, the girl who got her leg broken when jogging, explained her difficult position. She needed ____23____— now.
Rogers ____24____ his bike and lifted her over his shoulder. Then they went 0.6 mile downhill in the ____25____ sun. But they made the best of it, ____26____ themselves from the discomfort by getting to know each other. They discussed experiences and future plans,eventually touching on the subject of life goals. “It was like I’d known him forever,” says Linden. She ____27____ him.
After a 30-minute trek to the parking lot, they found Linden’s friend waiting with a car. Rogers carefully loaded Linden into the front seat. Linden looked at Rogers through expectant eyes, wishing he would make the first ____28____. Rogers wanted to ask for her number, ____29____ the timing didn’t feel right. Instead, Linden’s friend rushed her to the hospital and Rogers went to get his bike back.
While waiting for surgery, Linden looked for Rogers on Facebook, but with no_____30_____. On the trail, they’d fallen so deeply into _____31_____ that details like last names had seemed not so important. _____32_____, with the help of a local journalist that published her story “Runner Looking for Trail Hero”, they got in touch.
A month later, Rogers and Linden had their first _____33_____ and they’ve been inseparable since. As Linden has always wanted to see the cherry blossoms in bloom, Rogers planned a trip to Japan for their one-year anniversary and booked a restaurant 0.6 mile from the cherry blossoms - the very _____34_____ they’d covered downhill before. This time, though, they’d do it _____35_____.
21. A. cool B. straight C. hard D. fair
22. A. eased B. tolerated C. sensed D. overlooked
23. A. a hospital B. a bike C. a hug D. a rest
24. A. dragged B. rode C. took D. abandoned
25. A. warm B. fierce C. gentle D. cozy
26. A. separating B. distracting C. defending D. excusing
27. A. stuck with B. turned to C. looked after D. fell for
28. A. move B. appearance C. promise D. proposal
29. A. so B. for C. but D. as
30. A. risk B. effort C. luck D. duty
31. A. conversation B. silence C. despair D. trouble
32. A. Occasionally B. Fortunately C. Definitely D. Hopefully
33. A. interview B. meeting C. contact D. date
34. A. trip B. distance C. route D. trail
35. A. back to back B. face to face C. step by step D. hand in hand
【答案】21. A22. C23. A24. D25. B26. B27. D28. A29. C30. C31. A32. B33. D34. B35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了因随手行善而生发了一场爱情故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：罗杰斯尽量不动声色。A. cool酷的；B. straight直率的；C. hard困难的；D. fair公平的。从后文“he was just going to casually ride by”可知，他一开始想着以一种随意的姿态骑车从女孩身边经过，也就是说，他起初的想法是要不动声色地从女孩身边经过。play it cool是固定短语，意为“不动声色”。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一开始想着以一种随意的姿态骑车经过，这时他觉察到她的伤痛，于是询问是否需要帮忙。A. eased减轻；B. tolerated忍受；C. sensed觉察到；D. overlooked忽视。从后文“her suffering and asked if he could help.”可知，罗杰斯发现女孩受伤并且决定帮助她可知，这里他应该通过女孩痛苦的表现感受到了她的伤痛。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳登现在需要上医院。A. a hospital一家医院；B. a bike一辆自行车；C. a hug一个拥抱；D. a rest一段休息时间。从前文“got her leg broken”可知女孩受伤了，因此她现在急需被送往医院，也就是need a hospital。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗杰斯扔下他的自行车，将女孩扛在肩上。A. dragged拖拉；B. rode骑行；C. took拿，取；D. abandoned抛弃。根据上文“lifted her over his shoulder”可知，一开始罗杰斯是骑车的，但是现在他要把女孩扛起来送到医院，那么肯定没有办法骑自行车了，所以扔下了自行车。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后他们顶着烈日下山，走了0.6英里。A. warm温暖的；B. fierce猛烈的；C. gentle温和的；D. cozy舒适的。从后文的but可以看出，这里的情节发生了转折，后文一直在描述他们努力克服苦难的过程，所以but前应该描述困难，A项fierce，表示烈日炎炎，符合题意。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们妥善处理，进一步了解彼此，以缓解不适。A. separating分开；B. distracting分散；C. defending防卫；D. excusing为……辩解。短语distract sb. from sth.意为“分散某人对……的注意力”。由“discomfort”可知他们想通过进一步了解彼此来分散注意力，缓解不适。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她爱上他了。A. stuck with继续做；B. turned to向……求助；C. looked after照顾；D. fell for爱上。从最后一段两个人最终发展为伴侣关系可知，这次受伤去医院的经历是他们相爱的契机，由此推知，此处她已坠入爱河。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳登满怀期待地望向罗杰斯，希望他能迈出第一步。A. move行动；B. appearance外貌；C. promise承诺；D. proposal提议。从前文“expectant eyes”可知，女孩带着期待的目光望向罗杰斯，说明她希望他先有所表示。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：罗杰斯本想要她的电话号码，但是时机不对。A. so所以；B. for由于；C. but但是；D. as因为。“Rogers wanted to ask for her number”和“the timing didn’t feel right”之间是转折关系，而选项中，只有but表转折。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：等待手术开始前，琳登查找罗杰斯的脸书账号，但是运气不好，没找到。A. risk风险；B. effort努力；C. luck运气；D. duty责任。从本段最后一句“with the help of a local journalist that published her story ‘Runner Looking for Trail Hero’, they got in touch”可知，他们最终是通过女孩发表这次经历的故事再次遇见的。所以此处应该是运气不好，没找到罗杰斯的账号。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们路上聊得太深入了，以至于姓氏之类的细节似乎并不那么重要。A. conversation谈话；B. silence沉默；C. despair绝望；D. trouble麻烦。从前文“by getting to know each other”可知，他们一直在互相了解对方，也就是互相交流。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在当地的一位记者的帮助下，他们取得了联系，因为这位记者发表了她的故事《跑步者寻找小径英雄》。A. Occasionally偶尔；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Definitely明显地；D. Hopefully怀有希望地。由“they got in touch”可知，他们取得了联系，所以这是一件幸运的事。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个月后，罗杰斯和琳登开始了第一次约会，从那以后他们不再分开。A. interview采访；B. meeting会议；C. contact联系；D. date约会。从下文“they’ve been inseparable since”可知，经过了一个多月的接触后，他们接下来可以顺其自然地进行约会。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：罗杰斯计划在他们一周年纪念日的时候去日本旅行，并预订了一家距离樱花0.6英里的餐厅，这正是他们之前下坡时走过的距离。A. trip旅行；B. distance距离；C. route路线；D. trail小径。从前文“Then they went 0.6 mile downhill”可知，0.6对他们而言是一个意义非凡的数字，因为这个数字代表了他们第一次遇见时一起下坡走过的距离。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：不过这次，他们是手牵手这样做的。A. back to back背对背；B. face to face面对面；C. step by step逐步地；D. hand in hand手牵手。之前是罗杰斯扛着琳登下山的，而这次他们成为了伴侣，携手走过了这段距离。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分 15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
Despite moderate box office gains since its opening on Dec 17, Chinese animation comedy “I Am What I Am” continues to hit headlines and receive wide ____36____ ( applaud ).
It has been praised not only for bringing “ lion dance,” a folk art belonging to China’s intangible cultural heritage, to the big screen but also ____37____ its realistic, worldly approach.
Unfolding from a brief introduction to lion dance, a centuries-old Chinese folk dance mostly ____38____(perform) to celebrate Lunar New Year, the movie follows an underdog teenager in Guangdong southern China, as he makes every effort____39____(pursue) a dream — becoming the best lion dance performer.
Rao Shuguang, President of the China Film Critics Association, in an interview with Xinhua, said ____40____ “down-to-earth” film may signal a change of direction in Chinese animated film-making by drawing more inspiration from ordinary people struggling to make miracles ____41____ (happen) in daily life, instead of gods in mythology stories.
The film has integrated the lion dance culture into a story of teenagers’ dream pursuit,____42____reflects the charm of Chinese culture and represents the spirit of the nation, says a comment by state broadcaster CCTV.
So far, discussion about the importance of “I Am What I Am” in injecting new vitality into Chinese animated films____43____ (run) high on social media platforms.
“ ____44____ it’s a huge commercial success or not, this film represents a great attempt into exploring reality-themed Chinese animated film production,” reads a Weibo post.
The comedy ____45____(current) boasts a rating of 8. 4 out of 10 on review platform Douban.
【答案】36. applause
37. for38. performed
39. to pursue
40. the41. happen
42. which43. has been running##has run
44. Whether
45. currently
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国动漫《雄狮少年》自上映就收到了热烈好评。
【36题详解】
考查不可数名词。句意：虽然自从12月17日开播以来票房收入略有增长，中国动漫《雄狮少年》一直都是头条并且收获了广泛的好评。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词作动词receive的宾语，是抽象名词，为不可数名词。故填applause。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：它受到表扬不仅是因为把中国的非物质文化遗产艺术形式“舞狮”搬上了荧屏，而且因为它现实又务实的手法。空处需填介词，表示“因为，由于”应用for。故填for。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从简单介绍主要在庆祝农历新年的时候才表演的流传了几个世纪的中国传统舞蹈形式—舞狮开始，这部电影讲述在中国南部广东省的一个弱势青少年，因为他竭尽所能去追寻一个梦想—变成最好的舞狮表演者。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词follows，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词dance，二者为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式表被动。故填performed。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从简单介绍主要在庆祝农历新年的时候才表演的流传了几个世纪的中国传统舞蹈形式—舞狮开始，这部电影讲述在中国南部广东省的一个弱势青少年，因为他竭尽所能去追寻一个梦想—变成最好的舞狮表演者。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词makes，空处需填非谓语动词，逻辑主语是he，此处为动词不定式做目的状语。故填to pursue。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国影评人协会会长饶曙光在新华社的采访中说到，这部“接地气”的电影也许标志着中国动漫制作的方向的改变，要从使得奇迹在日常生活中发生而努力拼搏的普通人身上抓取鼓舞人心的东西，而不是虚构的故事中的神。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定冠词表示特指，修饰后面的名词“down-to-earth”film，指《雄狮少年》这部电影，上文已经提过，所以是特指。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国影评人协会会长饶曙光在新华社的采访中说到，这部“接地气”的电影也许标志着中国动漫制作的方向的改变，要从使得奇迹在日常生活中发生而努力拼搏的普通人身上抓取鼓舞人心的东西，而不是虚构的故事中的神。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配make sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”，其中do为省略了to的不定式，且在主动语态中to必须省略。故填happen。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：中央电视台的一篇评论说，这部电影已经把舞狮文化融入到了青少年们追求梦想的故事里，这反映出了中国文化的魅力，并且呈现出来国家精神。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，关于《雄狮少年》为中国动画电影注入新的活力的重要性的讨论在社交媒体平台上还是很热烈。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里有时间状语So far，所以谓语可以用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时；主语是discussion，所以助动词要用单数形式has。故填has been running/has run。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：不管它是否是一个巨大的商业成功，这部电影都代表了探索以现实为主题的中国动画电影制作的一次伟大尝试。分析句子结构可知，whether...or not为固定搭配表示“无论是否.……”，且置于句首，首字母大写，故填Whether。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：这部动漫目前在影评平台豆瓣上的评分是8.4分。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词修饰动词boasts，current的副词是currently。故填currently。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 你校正在组织一场响应市里“创建文明城市”活动的英语作文比赛。请以“To be a civilized Student”为题写一篇短文参赛。
内容包括：1. 创建文明城市简介；2. 你的行动。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【答案】To be a civilized Student
In order to establish a national civilized City, the local government has launched a campaign and called on all the citizens to actively participate. Here are some do’s and don’ts for a senior high school student like me.
Civilization is one of the core values. I must firmly remember and practice the 24-word core values. I should follow what is required in the campaign, such as no spitting everywhere, conducting garbage classification, waiting for the green light and walking on the zebra crossing. Be siting and walking on the zebra crossing. Besides, each of us should clear the plate and waste no food, making it a lifelong habit.
In a word, I will go all out to behave properly and to be a civilized student.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英语写一篇短文参加市里“创建文明城市”活动的英语作文比赛。
【详解】词汇积累
建立：build→establish
发动：start→launch
要求：ask→require
总而言之：To sum up= In a word
2.句式拓展简单句变复合句
原句：I must firmly remember and practice the 24-word core values.
拓展句：What I must firmly remember and practice are the 24-word core values.
合并简单句
原句：Besides, each of us should clear the plate and waste no food, making it a lifelong habit.
拓展句：Besides, each of us should clear the plate and waste no food and make it a lifelong habit.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I should follow what is required in the campaign, such as no spitting everywhere, conducting garbage classification, waiting for the green light and walking on the zebra crossing. (运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, each of us should clear the plate and waste no food, making it a lifelong habit. (运用了现在分词作状语)
第二节读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Itwas the last day of the month-long summer camp. All the camp leaders and volunteers were preparing for the grand wrap-up event that evening. Some were setting up chairs and tables outside; some were preparing water balloons for games we would play later; and some were cutting fruits and veggies for snacks.
One of the leaders, George, came to me, handed me a small broom and a dustpan, and asked me to sweep the gym. Alone. While the others were chatting and laughing outside. While the gym was dusty and stuffy (不通风的) after weeks of camp and crafts.
I didn’t have a choice. I was sixteen, and George was my elder. I was a staff member at camp, and George was my employer. I put on as cheerful a face as I could and began to sweep the floor of the gymnasium.
Every time I made a decent (合宜的) pile of dust and scraps (残羹剩饭) to push into the dustpan, I had a nice little part of the gym cleared. But I would look up and see the rest of the gym and realize how big the job was. The whole situation felt so unfair.
I wasn’t really happy then. I’m not proud of it, but I was angry as well. I could hear the sounds of people talking, laughing, and generally having a great time outside. There was silence in the gym, except for my sweep, sweep, sweep.
During a break between sweeps, I looked up. George was quietly and matter-of-factly moving the speakers and cleaning the stage at the front of the gym. I noticed he worked alone as well. He didn’t seem particularly excited about what he was doing, but I noted the calmness and joy in his eyes as he went about his work, doing what had to be done because he was there and he was able to do it.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I watched him silently for the next ten minutes.
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“Thanks, Laura.” he said and nodded as if acknowledging the small sacrifice I had made.

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【答案】I watched him silently for the next ten minutes. My broom and I were making slow but sure progress across the gym. Slowly, my unhappiness and anger left my heart, and in its place grew an appreciation for what I saw in George. Being a leader doesn’t mean getting to do all the fun things. It means sacrifice and hard work. I cleaned the whole gym with a small broom, one sweep at a time. As I finished and passed him, he looked up and smiled at me and I smiled back. I was tired; it was a tired smile; but it was a real smile.
“Thanks, Laura.” he said and nodded as if acknowledging the small sacrifice I had made. I forgot what I said in return. Probably “You’re welcome.” But what I should have said and what I want to say to him now is this: “Thank you for teaching me and showing me what being a good leader looks like. Thank you for the opportunity to sweep the floor of the gym, because now whenever I feel discouraged, I remember that half hour, and am reminded that doing the hard, right thing matters, no matter how I feel about it.”
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇第一人称的记叙文，故事发生在夏令营活动即将结束时，作为志愿者之一的作者也参与到准备闭营仪式的队伍中。而名为George的上级分配给她的任务却是独自打扫体育馆，繁重的工作量让作者不由心生不满，当她抬头看时却发现George也在默默地做着清扫工作。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“接下来的10分钟我静静地看着他。”及下一段首句点出的sacrifice一词可知，第一段可描写作者受到George的鼓舞，坚持完成了自己的工作。
②由第二段首句内容“‘谢谢你，Laura。’他说道，并点了点头，好像承认了我刚刚做出的小小牺牲。”可知，第二段可描写作者从George身上以及整个事件中得到的感悟。
2.续写线索：注视George——受到鼓舞——坚持完成任务——受到George感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①注视：watch/observe/look at
②认可：acknowledge/approve/admit
情绪类
①.感谢：showing his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful
②.气馁：discouraged/lose heart/down-hearted
【点睛】[高分句型1]. But what I should have said and what I want to say to him now is this: “Thank you for teaching me and showing me what being a good leader looks like.（运用了what引导的主语从句和宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. Thank you for the opportunity to sweep the floor of the gym, because now whenever I feel discouraged, I remember that half hour, and am reminded that doing the hard, right thing matters, no matter how I feel about it.”（运用了because引导的原因状语从句、whenever引导的时间状语从句和no matter how引导的让步状语从句）