江苏高考英语二轮复习十-十四试卷含答案

这是一份江苏高考英语二轮复习十-十四试卷含答案，共50页。试卷主要包含了A.ecnmy　　　　　　　B，A.astnished B，A.atmsphere B，A.starving B，A.ablished B，A.shifted B，A.interruptin B，A.cnvinced B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题限时检测(十)　完形填空之记叙文体(一)
(共3篇，每篇限时18分钟)
A
(2017·南京、盐城高三一模)Chris Marlow, a minister and father of two, would say that his life prior to 2009 was good but ordinary. Then a mission trip to Zimbabwe turned his entire world __1__ upside down, and he returned to his home in North Carolina a(n) __2__ man.
It was on this trip that Marlow was faced with the __3__ of extreme poverty that showed itself determinedly in the faces of __4__ children begging for food. One orphaned boy, in particular, who slept on the concrete floor of an __5__ gas station with dozens of other orphaned children, __6__ the direction of Marlow's life's work forever.
The young boy begged Marlow to allow him to work for him __7__ food, as he had not eaten for days and was starving. It was an __8__ that Marlow could not forget as he spent the following days of the trip driving through dusty roads and desperation, __9__ to find a way to feed the hungry orphans.
Marlow went on to found Help One Now, a non­profit organization that __10__ ordinary people to help provide food, shelter, and education for poor children in Africa, Haiti, and around the world through __11__ acts of generosity. In 2016 he published his first book, Doing Good Is Simple, the story of his transformative experience with the reality of severe poverty, as a __12__ for others looking to make a positive __13__ in the world from right where they are.
The book does more than__14__ people to do good — it puts the suggestion into action with every __15__. “ Early on, we decided that we would use the profits of Doing Good Is Simple to __16__ meals for children in our communities around the world，” Marlow explains. “Every book that is __17__ will provide five meals for children in one of our communities. In the first 30 days after the book's __18__， we hit over 30,000 meals.”
Help One Now is __19__ working to aid Haiti in the disaster relief of Hurricane Matthew. “We encourage those interested in working with the __20__ to think of ways to help that fit their individual personalities and lifestyles，” he says. “And we also love to see you advocate for us. ”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了克里斯·马罗致力于帮助非洲、海地乃至全世界的极端贫困儿童的感人故事。
1．A.economy　　　　　　　 B．map
C．view D．tour
解析：选C　根据上文中的内容可知克里斯·马罗在2009年之前的生活很好但是平凡，但前往津巴布韦的布道之旅颠覆了他的整个世界观。故选C项，world view“世界观”。
2．A.astonished B．changed
C．inspired D．confused
解析：选B　根据上文中的“Then a mission trip to Zimbabwe turned his entire world __1__upside down”可知，前往津巴布韦的布道之旅颠覆了克里斯·马罗的整个世界观，故他回到家时已有所改变(changed)了。故选B项。
3．A.atmosphere B．shape
C．addition D．reality
解析：选D　根据空格后的“of extreme poverty ... children begging for food”可知，此处指极度贫困的事实。第四段中的“the reality of severe poverty”亦是提示。故选D项。
4．A.starving B．crying
C．struggling D．running
解析：选A　根据空格后的“begging for food”可知，此处指挨饿的(starving)孩子们。故选A项。
5．A.abolished B．acquired
C．attached D．abandoned
解析：选D　一个孤儿跟许多其他的孤儿一起睡在废弃的加油站的混凝土地面上。故选D项。
6．A.shifted B．blocked
C．took D．pulled
解析：选A　根据上文提到的前往津巴布韦的布道之旅改变了克里斯·马罗的整个世界观，以及下文的内容可知，一个孤儿改变了(shifted) 克里斯·马罗一生的工作方向。故选A项。
7．A.in return for B．in favor of
C．in exchange for D．in search of
解析：选C　根据空格前的“work for him”及空格后的“food, as he had not eaten for days and was starving”可知，这个小男孩请求克里斯·马罗允许他为他工作以交换食物。in return for“作为对……的回报”；in favor of“支持，赞成”；in exchange for“交换”；in search of“寻找”。故选C项。
8．A.interruption B．interval
C．interview D．interaction
解析：选D　根据上下文可知，此处指这是一个克里斯·马罗不会忘记的互动。故选D项。
9．A.convinced B．determined
C．prepared D．satisfied
解析：选B　克里斯·马罗下定决心要找出养活这些饥饿的孤儿的办法。convinced“确信的”；determined“决定了的，有决心的”，determined to do sth.“决心要做某事”；prepared“准备好的”；satisfied“满意的”。故选B项。
10．A.reminds B．equips
C．requires D．permits
解析：选B　克里斯·马罗接下来创办了非营利组织Help One Now，该组织使普通人能够通过简单的(simple)慷慨行为向非洲、海地以及全世界的穷孩子提供食物、住处和教育上的帮助。故选B项，equip“使有能力，使有所帮助”。
11．A.brief B．graceful
C．simple D．courageous
解析：选C　参见上题解析。
12．A.measure B．rule
C．tool D．guide
解析：选D　根据语境可知，对其他力求产生积极的影响(difference)的人来说，这本书是一个有指导意义的事物(guide)。故选D项。
13．A.decision B．request
C．difference D．comment
解析：选C　参见上题解析。make a difference“有作用，产生影响”，是固定用法。
14．A.encourage B．entitle
C．allow D．appoint
解析：选A　这本书不仅仅鼓励人们做好事。故选A项。
15．A.attempt B．purchase
C．publication D．adoption
解析：选B　根据下文的“we decided that we would use the profits of Doing Good Is Simple”可知，此处指用购买这本书的方式把建议付诸行动。故选B项。
16．A.submit B．contribute
C．pass D．provide
解析：选D　早期，我们决定用销售Doing Good Is Simple所得的利润向孩子们提供膳食。故选D项。
17．A.written B．sold
C．read D．bought
解析：选B　根据上文可知，被销售的每本书(所得的利润)可以向我们的其中一个社区的孩子们提供五顿膳食。故选B项。
18．A.release B．recovery
C．reservation D．registration
解析：选A　在这本书发行后的头三十天里，我们提供了三万多顿膳食。故选A项。
19．A.eventually B．annually
C．currently D．permanently
解析：选C　Help One Now目前正在为海地提供灾难援助。故选C项。
20．A.organization B．community
C．corporation D．government
解析：选A　根据上文可知，Help One Now是一个非营利组织，此处指我们鼓励那些有兴趣与这个组织一起工作的人想出适合他们个性特征和生活方式的方法来提供帮助。故选A项。
B
(2017·苏、锡、常、镇高三模拟)At three, Chelsie Hill decided to become a dancer. She won her first competition at five and __1__ dancing through her school years. She made the high school dance team and everything seemed to __2__ a career as a professional dancer. However, __3__ struck. After a party, Chelsie got in a car with a(n) __4__ driver who hit a tree at speed. She __5__， but lost her legs.
While most kids in her situation would just __6__ and cry, Chelsie told doctors that she wanted to dance, which __7__ didn't seem possible. During her long __8__， she saw a video of Auti Angel, a wheelchair­bound woman, __9__ hip­hop dance, which made her believe she could realize her dream.
Later, Auti and three other wheelchair­bound dancers starred in a show. They made a supporting character with Chelsie's story about drunk driving. The show helped Chelsie start her dancing __10__. While traveling the country because of speaking __11__， Chelsie met many women in wheelchairs who also wanted to dance. She decided to hold classes, but they couldn't __12__ them because of their physical condition. So she started teaching online for __13__.
Chelsie has been focusing on hip­hop because it allows her to use her upper body __14__. Chelsie says, “Dance is dance __15__ you can walk or not, and that's what I think is the beauty of dance.” Despite having risen to __16__ with her wheelchair dances, Chelsie is __17__ in the gym training hard to regain __18__ of her lower body.
Not even a life­changing accident was going to __19__ her dream. Today she is a popular hip­hop dancer, an inspiring speaker and a __20__ example that when life gives you lemons, you can indeed make lemonade.




语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一场车祸让Chelsie Hill失去了双腿，却未能摧毁她的舞蹈梦，在轮椅上跳街舞使她很受欢迎。她的经历告诉我们：当生活给你柠檬时，你可以将它变成柠檬汁。
1．A.persisted in B．set about
C．picked out D．prepared for
解析：选A　从上文的“At three, Chelsie Hill decided to become a dancer.She won her first competition at five”及下文的“dancing through her school years. She made the high school dance team”可知，Chelsie Hill应是一直坚持跳舞，故选A项。persist in“坚持”。
2．A.recommend B．indicate
C．undertake D．adopt
解析：选B　根据上文的内容可知，Chelsie在跳舞方面取得了一些成绩，她获过奖并且成了舞蹈队的一员，一切似乎都在预示着她会成为专业的舞蹈演员，故选B项， indicate“暗示，显示，表明，指出”。recommend“推荐”；undertake“承担”；adopt“采用”。
3．A.fortune B．tragedy
C．challenge D．disability
解析：选B　根据下文的“After a party, Chelsie got in a car ... hit a tree at speed”和“lost her legs”可知，悲剧(tragedy)发生了，她遭遇了车祸。故选B项。fortune“财富，运气”；challenge“挑战”；disability“残疾”。
4．A.exhausted B．unqualified
C．careless D．drunk
解析：选D　根据第三段的“They made a supporting character with Chelsie's story about drunk driving”可知，开车的司机喝醉了。故选D项。exhausted“筋疲力尽的”；unqualified“不合格的，无资格的”；careless“粗心的”。
5．A.regretted B．escaped
C．survived D．disappeared
解析：选C　根据下文内容可知，此处表示她活下来了，但失去了双腿。故选C项。
6．A.go away B．break down
C．turn back D．pay off
解析：选B　根据空处所在句可知，如果遇到像她这样的情况，大多数孩子都会精神崩溃，失声痛哭，但Chelsie告诉医生她想跳舞。故选B项，break down意为“精神崩溃，禁不住哭出来”。go away“离开”；turn back“折回，掉转头”；pay off“成功”。
7．A.obviously B．additionally
C．accidentally D．especially
解析：选A　根据上文可知，Chelsie没有双腿，故此处应是指显然(obviously)，跳舞对她而言似乎是不可能的事情。故选A项。additionally“额外地”；accidentally“意外地”；especially“特别，尤其，格外”。
8．A.routine B．practice
C．injury D．recovery
解析：选D　根据语境可知，在漫长的康复(recovery)过程中，她看到了一个Auti Angel跳舞的视频。故选D项。routine“惯例，常规”；practice“练习”；injury“伤”。
9．A.teaching B．broadcasting
C．performing D．praising
解析：选C　根据下文中的“hip­hop dance, which made her believe she could realize her dream”和“Auti and three other wheelchair­bound dancers starred in a show”可知Chelsie看到的是Auti Angel跳舞的视频。故选C项。
10．A.style B．skill
C．desire D．career
解析：选D　根据语境及最后一段中的“Today she is a popular hip­hop dancer”可知，此处表示Chelsie开始了她的舞蹈生涯。第一段中的“a career as a professional dancer”亦是提示。
11．A.details B．manners
C．goals D．engagements
解析：选D　根据最后一段中的“Today she is a popular hip­hop dancer, an inspiring speaker ...”可知，Chelsie也是一个演讲者，故此处表示当她因为演讲预约周游全国时，遇到了许多坐在轮椅上的女士，她们也想跳舞。engagement“(尤指正式的或与工作有关的)约定，预约”。故选D项。
12．A.attend B．afford
C．appreciate D．accept
解析：选A　根据上文的“women in wheelchairs”以及下文的“because of their physical condition”可知，坐在轮椅上的女士因为她们的身体状况而不能来上课。故选A项， attend“参加”。
13．A.donation B．growth
C．convenience D．reputation
解析：选C　根据语境可知，此处表示为方便起见，她开始网上授课。for convenience是固定搭配，表示“为方便起见”。
14．A.to the full B．to the point
C．in person D．at random
解析：选A　根据上文的“lost her legs”及语境可知，Chelsie一直将自己的注意力集中在街舞上，因为它能够让她充分地利用她的上半身。to the full“充分地，十足地”，符合语境。to the point“简洁恰当”；in person“亲自”；at random“任意，随便”。
15．A.though B．when
C．whether D．if
解析：选C　此处表示“无论你是否能走路，舞蹈就是舞蹈。我认为舞蹈的美正在于此”。故选C项。whether在此引导状语从句。
16．A.power B．relief
C．advance D．fame
解析：选D　根据下文的“Today she is a popular hip­hop dancer”可知，此处指她因她的轮椅舞蹈而成名，故此处选fame, rise to fame“成名，声名鹊起”。
17．A.casually B．constantly
C．freely D．roughly
解析：选B　根据空后的“in the gym training hard to regain ...”可知，此处表示Chelsie经常在体育馆努力训练以便能够重新控制(control)她的下半身。casually“随意地”；constantly“持续不断地，经常地”；freely“自由地”；roughly“粗略地”。
18．A.possession B．control
C．treatment D．examination
解析：选B　参见上题解析。
19．A.fulfill B．betray
C．quit D．destroy
解析：选D　此处表示即使是这样一场改变人生的事故也不能摧毁(destroy)她的梦想。fulfill“实现，完成”；betray“背叛”；quit“放弃”。
20．A.typical B．rare
C．promising D．pitiful
解析：选A　根据全文的内容，尤其是空后的“example that when life gives you lemons, you can indeed make lemonade”可知，此处指Chelsie是一个典型的励志模范。typical“典型的”；rare“罕见的”；promising“有前途的”；pitiful“令人遗憾的”。
C
(2017·盐城市高三一模)A 4­year­old girl named Norah and her new friend Mr. Dan have given us the glimmer of humanity we desperately need right now. A chance meeting in the grocery store pushes the __1__ of depression aside and ends up changing a life.
Norah's mother, Tara Wood, wrote on Facebook that her daughter seemed magnetically __2__ to the man when they passed by him at the store. So much so that she stood up in the cart and waved __3__， “Hi, old person! It's my birthday today！”
The man's expression __4__ and his face lit up when he realized she was speaking to him.“ Well, hello, little lady! And how old are you today？” he asked.
They __5__ for a few seconds and it was super adorable. They continued on their way but a few minutes later, Norah asked if she could hug and take a __6__ with the man, whom they now call “Mr. Dan”. They __7__ together and then hugged each other like they were long lost friends.
When she thanked Mr. Dan, Wood received a __8__ she wasn't expecting. He shed (流下) tears and said “No, thank YOU. This has been the best day I've had in a long time. You've made me so __9__， Ms. Norah.”
__10__ by the encounter, Wood later posted the photos on Facebook and that night received a private message from someone who __11__ knows Mr. Dan.
It __12__ his wife passed away earlier this year, leaving him in deep __13__. The friend said she was sure Norah touched his heart, __14__ the chance meeting was something he “needed”．
Wood got Mr. Dan's phone number and called him a few days later. They met for lunch the following week and have seen each other on numerous occasions __15__ — even celebrating his 82nd birthday together.
“You guys, I CANNOT __16__ the friendship between Norah and Mr. Dan. I __17__ every time they're together — it's so pure, simple and perfect，” Wood wrote.
Hugs can be physical such as those __18__ with an intimate partner, family member or friend; or they can be symbolic such as the __19__ that someone needs a word of encouragement or a helping hand. Hugs can be the interweaving threads that __20__ the fabric of our communities and our society. Hugs are so powerful that they can shake us to the core and wake up the humanity within.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个小女孩和一位丧偶老人在杂货店偶然相遇后结交为朋友的故事。
1．A.ceilings B．curtains
C．symptoms D．depths
解析：选B　根据后面的“ends up changing a life”可知，老人和小女孩在杂货店的一次偶遇拉开了抑郁的幕布(curtains)，改变了生活。ceiling“天花板”；symptom“症状”；depth“深度”。
2．A.drawn B．led
C．dragged D．introduced
解析：选A　根据句子中的“magnetically”(有磁力地)可知，小女孩在杂货店经过老人身旁时，被老人吸引住了。be drawn to“被……吸引”。
3．A.curiously B．oddly
C．excitedly D．greedily
解析：选C　根据后面打招呼的内容可知，小女孩很激动地(excitedly)向老人挥手打招呼。curiously“好奇地”；oddly“古怪地，怪异地”；greedily“贪婪地”。
4．A.darkened B．froze
C．betrayed D．softened
解析：选D　根据后面的“his face lit up”可知，老人见到一个小女孩和自己打招呼，他的表情一下子温和(softened)起来。
5．A.chatted B．greeted
C．inquired D．negotiated
解析：选A　打过招呼之后，一老一少聊起天(chatted)来，场面特别温馨。greet“打招呼”；inquire“咨询”；negotiate“协商”。
6．A.walk B．picture
C．rest D．survey
解析：选B　根据第10空格后“posted the photos on Facebook”可知，此处是指小女孩问自己是否可以和老人拥抱并合影(picture)。
7．A.posed B．gathered
C．cheered D．clapped
解析：选A　因为要合影，所以他们都摆了一个姿势(posed)，并且拥抱，像失散多年的老友。
8．A.present B．comment
C．complaint D．response
解析：选D　小女孩的母亲感谢老人时却收到了一个意想不到的反应(response)。present“礼物”；comment“评论”；complaint“抱怨”。
9．A.awkward B．delighted
C．clumsy D．proud
解析：选B　根据上文“This has been the best day I've had in a long time.”可知，此处指“你让我这么高兴”。故选B项。awkward“尴尬的”；clumsy“笨拙的”；proud“自豪的”。
10．A.Influenced B．Encouraged
C．Touched D．Reminded
解析：选C　小女孩的母亲感动(Touched)于这次偶遇，随后便把孩子和老人的合影传到了Facebook上面。
11．A.personally B．merely
C．gradually D．eventually
解析：选A　那天晚上，她收到了一位私下认识Dan先生的网友的信息。故选A项。
12．A.figures out B．makes out
C．brings out D．turns out
解析：选D　这里是固定句型It turns out (that) ...“结果是……”。故选D项。figure out“计算出”；make out“理解，辨认出”；bring out“出版，取出(某物)”。
13．A.water B．thought
C．depression D．shame
解析：选C　原来，年初的时候，老人的妻子去世了，使得他陷入深深的抑郁(depression)之中。第一段中的“depression”亦是提示。
14．A.predicting B．adding
C．interpreting D．claiming
解析：选B　这位朋友说，她确信Norah感动了他，并补充说(adding)……predict“预测”；interpret“诠释，口译”；claim“宣称”。
15．A.before B．yet
C．since D．thus
解析：选C　从那以后(since)，他们在众多场合见面。
16．A.develop B．handle
C．spoil D．deepen
解析：选B　伙计们，我无法应对(handle)Norah和Dan先生之间的友谊。develop“发展，培养”；spoil“破坏”；deepen“加深”。
17．A.panic B．hesitate
C．pray D．cry
解析：选D　每次看到他们在一起，我都落泪(cry)。panic“惊恐”；hesitate“犹豫”；pray“祈祷”。
18．A.shared B．confirmed
C．identified D．cooperated
解析：选A　拥抱有时会是身体上的，就像我们和亲密的伴侣、家人或朋友之间分享(shared)的那样。confirm“证实”；identify“鉴定，确认”；cooperate“合作”。
19．A.approval B．promise
C．consequence D．recognition
解析：选D　此处指“识别(recognition)某个人需要一句鼓励，或者需要一只援助的手”。
20．A.produce B．arrange
C．strengthen D．rebuild
解析：选C　拥抱有时会是交织的线，使得我们社区和社会的架构更加稳固(strengthen)。
专题限时检测(十一)　完形填空之记叙文体(二)
(共3篇，每篇限时18分钟)
A
(2017·镇江高三一模)It is impossible to perform consistently in a manner inconsistent with the way we see ourselves. In other words, we usually act in direct __1__ to our self­image. Nothing is more difficult to __2__ than changing outward actions without changing inward feelings.
One of the best ways to __3__ those inward feelings is to have some “success” under your belt. My daughter Elizabeth has a __4__ to be shy and wants to hold back on new experiences. But once she has __5__ to a situation, it's “full steam ahead”. When she was in first grade, her school had a candy bar __6__. Each child was given thirty candy bars and was __7__ to sell every one of them. __8__ I picked up Elizabeth from school she was holding her “challenge” and needed some __9__ encouragement. It was time for a sales meeting with my new salesgirl.
All the way home I taught her how to sell candy bars. I __10__ each teaching point with half a dozen “You can do it — your smile will __11__ them over — I believe in you” phrases. By the end of our fifteen­minute __12__， the young lady sitting beside me had become a __13__ saleslady.
At the end of the day, all thirty bars had been sold. She excitedly __14__ as I tucked her into bed that night: “Oh God, thanks for the candy sale at school. It's great.”
Elizabeth's prayer reflects the heart's __15__ of every person. We all want to be winners. The next day Elizabeth came home __16__ another box of candy bars. She'd exhausted (用完，耗尽) the __17__ of friendly neighbors, and she was thrust into the cruel world of the unknown buyer. __18__ I offered encouragement and a few more selling tips. And she did it. The experience __19__ two days of selling, two sold­out performances, two happy people, and one boosted __20___. How we see ourselves reflects how others see us.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿由于害羞，不愿接受新的体验，但一次全力以赴出售糖果棒的经历却让她及作者均收获良多。
1．A.opposition　　　　　　　　 B．response
C．preference D．contrast
解析：选B　根据第一段第一句可知，我们不可能一直表现出与我们看待自己的方式相悖的行为。换句话说，我们通常对我们的自我评价作出直接的反应(response)。opposition“反对”；preference“偏爱”；contrast“对比”。
2．A.accomplish B．acknowledge
C．appreciate D．allocate
解析：选A　没有什么事比改变外在的行为而不改变内在的情感更难完成(accomplish)。acknowledge“承认”；appreciate“欣赏”；allocate“分配”。
3．A.follow B．control
C．injure D．improve
解析：选D　改善(improve)那些内在情感的一个最好的办法是获得一些成功。
4．A.chance B．tendency
C．need D．competence
解析：选B　我的女儿伊丽莎白有害羞的倾向(tendency)。
5．A.turned B．complained
C．warmed D．submitted
解析：选C　但是她仅有一次对一种情况更加感兴趣(warmed)，那就是“全速前进”。
6．A.sale B．delivery
C．present D．bargain
解析：选A　根据下文可知，孩子们要卖掉糖果棒。由此可推知，她的学校有糖果棒出售(sale)活动。delivery“递送”；present“礼物”；bargain“便宜货”。
7．A.forced B．ordered
C．challenged D．warned
解析：选C　根据语境及下文中的“she was holding her‘challenge’”可知，学校给了每个孩子三十个糖果棒，孩子们要挑战(challenged)卖掉每个糖果棒。
8．A.When B．While
C．If D．Because
解析：选A　当我从学校接伊丽莎白时，她手里正拿着自己的“挑战”，需要一些积极的(positive)鼓励。pick up是终止性动词短语，故选A项。
9．A.negative B．further
C．rough D．positive
解析：选D　参见上题解析。positive“积极的”符合语境。negative“消极的”；further“更远的”；rough“艰苦的”。
10．A.decorated B．surrounded
C．rewarded D．classified
解析：选B　根据上下文语境可知，此处指作者用饱含积极意义的措辞围绕(surrounded)着每个教学点。decorate“装饰”；reward“奖励”；classify“分类”。
11．A.get B．take
C．win D．look
解析：选C　根据上下文语境可知，作者是在用积极的话语鼓励自己的女儿，作者想让自己的女儿相信她的微笑会把顾客争取过来。win ...over“说服，把……争取过来，赢得……的支持”。
12．A.complaint B．quarrel
C．amusement D．drive
解析：选D　根据第二段中的“I picked up Elizabeth from school”以及第三段中的“All the way home”可知，此处指十五分钟的驾车路程 (drive)。complaint“抱怨”；quarrel“争吵”；amusement“消遣”。
13．A.committed B．nervous
C．frightened D．pretty
解析：选A　到我们十五分钟的驾车路程结束时，坐在我旁边的年轻女孩已成为一个坚定的(committed)女售货员。
14．A.wrote B．prayed
C．recalled D．recommended
解析：选B　根据本句中的“Oh God, thanks for the candy sale at school”以及下文中的“Elizabeth's prayer”可知，她兴奋地祈祷。故选B项。
15．A.humour B．impression
C．desire D．justice
解析：选C　根据语境及后面一句“We all want to be winners.”可知，伊丽莎白的祷告反映了每个人心中的愿望(desire)。humour“幽默”；impression“印象”；justice“公正”。
16．A.toward B．without
C．for D．with
解析：选D　第二天伊丽莎白拿着另一盒糖果棒回了家。故选D项。
17．A.resource B．emotion
C．supply D．dignity
解析：选C　她已经耗尽了友好的邻居的供应(supply)，她被推入未知买家的残酷世界。resource“资源”；emotion“情绪”；dignity“尊严”。
18．A.Again B．Deliberately
C．Instead D．Eventually
解析：选A　根据上文可知，作者在女儿第一次卖糖果棒时给了女儿诸多鼓励，再结合下文的“I offered encouragement ...”可知，此处表示作者再次给了女儿鼓励。
19．A.added to B．amounted to
C．came to D．catered to
解析：选B　这次经历相当于(amounted to)两天的销售，两次售完的业绩，两个快乐的人和一个提高的自我评价(self­image)。add to“增加”；come to“共计”；cater to“迎合”。
20．A.self­help B．self­study
C．self­respect D．self­image
解析：选D　参见上题解析。第一段中的“self­image”是关键提示。self­help“自助”；self­study“自学”；self­respect“自尊”；self­image“自我形象，自我评价”。
B
(2017·扬州高三一模)Years ago, feeling tired and frustrated, I began to doubt whether teaching was worth it anymore. __1__， a ridiculous moment in class lit my way out of the darkness.
I was teaching a chemistry lesson, and the students were __2__ about working with alcohol lamps. But a girl couldn't get her wick (灯芯) to burn. She was one of the kids who always seem to be the __3__ one picked for the team, who appeared to have __4__ that she could never be special.
Normally I do not interfere with science projects, because __5__ can be part of the learning process. Yet this was simply a matter of faulty equipment; the wick was not as __6__ as it should have been. I needed to __7__.
The girl had tears in her eyes, and I felt __8__ of myself for ever having felt like giving up. For that one moment, the only thing that __9__to me was that this girl should have a successful experiment. She was going to go home that day with a __10__ on her face. I bent over her alcohol lamp, and with a long kitchen match tried to reach the wick. I was so __11__ to the match that I could feel the flame. Finally the wick caught fire, and I looked up triumphantly (得意洋洋地), __12__ the smile on the girl's face.
__13__， she took one look at me and began screaming in fear. I did not understand why the kids were all pointing at me __14__ I realized that the flame had lit my hair. Several kids ran to me and __15__ my head. Talk about a dream came true — they got to hit their teacher on the head and say they were __16__ him.
A few minutes later, all was well and I watched the kids __17__ the experiment. I felt like an idiot, and yet for the first time in weeks, I felt how much I __18__ about teaching. I had tried hard to help someone, though not particularly well; but the __19__ was there. From that moment, I determined to always teach like my hair was __20__.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一位教学多年的化学老师，对教学工作有点倦怠以至于怀疑教书的价值。但是一次化学实验中发生的事故改变了他的这种想法。
1．A.Instantly B．Fortunately
C．Hopefully D．Absolutely
解析：选B　上文提到“我”对教学工作有点倦怠以至于怀疑教学的价值，下文又提到在课堂上一次荒谬的时刻照亮了“我”走出黑暗的道路，根据句意可知选B。
2．A.excited B．embarrassed
C．skeptical D．particular
解析：选A　根据生活常识，学生做化学实验时对于实验器材是感兴趣的，所以只能选褒义的形容词。excited“兴奋的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；skeptical“怀疑的”；particular“特定的，挑剔的”。故选A。
3．A.first B．best
C．last D．very
解析：选C　根据前文“a girl couldn't get her wick (灯芯) to burn”可知这个女孩动手能力差，所以应该是最后(last)一个被选入小组的。
4．A.accepted B．denied
C．declared D．hoped
解析：选A　女孩似乎接受(accepted)了她只是一个普通女孩的事实。deny“否认”；declare“宣布”；hope“希望”。
5．A.practice B．accidents
C．inaccuracy D．failure
解析：选D　通常情况下，“我”不会干预科学实验，因为失败有时会是学习过程的一部分。practice“练习”；accident“事故”；inaccuracy“不精确”；failure“失败”。故选D。
6．A.dry B．big
C．thick D．long
解析：选D　根据第四段中的“with a long kitchen match tried to reach the wick”可知，“我”认为这个酒精灯的灯芯不够长(long)，所以女孩无法点燃它。
7．A.step in B．step aside
C．step up D．step down
解析：选A　根据第6空所在句子的含义可知，此处指“我”需要介入这个酒精灯的处理。step in“介入，援之以手”；step aside“让位”；step up“走上前去”；step down“让位，下台”。故选A。
8．A.proud B．aware
C．tired D．ashamed
解析：选D　女孩的泪水让“我”感到惭愧，因为自己曾经想放弃(教学)。故选D。
9．A.happened B．attended
C．mattered D．related
解析：选C　对“我”而言唯一重要的就是这个女孩应该成功地做实验。故选C。
10．A.fear B．smile
C．shame D．surprise
解析：选B　根据前文的“a successful experiment”可以推断，她将会面带笑容(smile)回家。
11．A.accessible B．close
C．low D．short
解析：选B　根据后文中的“I could feel the flame”可以推断，“我”与火柴离得很近(close)。
12．A.expecting B．finding
C．missing D．imagining
解析：选A　根据前文提到的“我”得意洋洋的神情可以推断，“我”此时肯定期待女孩面带微笑，因为灯芯点着了。故答案选A。
13．A.Rather B．Besides
C．Still D．Instead
解析：选D　根据空格后的句子“she took one look at me and began screaming in fear”可知，实际情况与“我”的期待相反，所以空格处所填词应该是Instead。
14．A.as B．when
C．until D．since
解析：选C　该句意为：直到“我”意识到火焰点燃了“我”的头发“我”才理解孩子们都用手指着“我”的原因。not ... until意为“直到……才”。
15．A.looked B．shouted
C．hit D．waved
解析：选C　根据后文中的“hit their teacher on the head”可知，几个孩子向“我”跑来并拍打“我”的头。故选C。
16．A.helping B．cursing
C．kidding D．amusing
解析：选A　根据语境可知，孩子们这样做是为了帮“我”。help“帮助”；curse“诅咒”；kid“开玩笑”；amuse“娱乐”。故选A。
17．A.beginning B．pausing
C．continuing D．preparing
解析：选C　根据前文中的“A few minutes later, all was well”(几分钟后，一切都很好)可以推断，此处指“我”看着孩子们继续(continuing)做实验。
18．A.argued B．cared
C．complained D．worried
解析：选B　根据语境以及how much可以看出，我意识到自己还是很在乎(cared about)教育的。argue about“争论”；complain about“埋怨”；worry about“担心”。
19．A.strategy B．reason
C．scheme D．effort
解析：选D　根据前文提到的作者为帮助一个女孩做出的努力及该句中的“I had tried hard to help someone, though not particularly well”可以看出，尽管帮人的过程不是很美好，但努力(effort)是真实存在的。strategy“策略”；reason“原因”；scheme“计划”。
20．A.on fire B．on end
C．in sight D．in chaos
解析：选A　根据前文的内容可知，我认为自己的头发着火是值得的，此处用on fire呼应上文并升华主题。on fire“着火”；on end“竖立着，连续地”；in sight“在视线中”；in chaos“处于混乱中”。故选A。
C
(2017·通、泰、扬、徐、淮、宿高三二模)I was 23 and studying to be a teacher when friends noticed I was slurring (含糊地发音) my speech and losing my balance. My concentration __1__ and it felt as if my brain was slowing down.
I was __2__ to find an answer, and after countless tests, I was finally diagnosed (诊断) with multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化症). It was a __3__， but I was relieved finally to find out what was wrong with me.
Soon after my diagnosis, I decided to __4__ teaching, the only career I had ever wanted to chase. It was a destructive decision, but I couldn't see a(n) __5__. Over the next seven years, my symptoms didn't __6__， but they came and went, which is __7__ of multiple sclerosis. Eventually, I felt well enough to __8__ a job as a teaching assistant. I was glad to be back in education, but living with the __9__ meant that I was never going to live my dream of being a teacher.
Then, 13 years after my __10__ diagnosis, a doctor told me that in fact I did not have multiple sclerosis. I was very __11__. I pictured all those years bed­bound, the injections (注射), the impact on family and __12__， and all for what? I demanded answers but the doctor's replies were __13__. He suggested that my symptoms may have been caused by a lack of vitamin D. And there was no __14__.
I __15__ to the hospital, but no action was taken. I went to a lawyer, but because it was a hard case to prove, I couldn't get __16__ aid. However, accepting that my life was no longer __17__ by the illness had the biggest effect on my recovery.
I started the journey back to becoming a __18__ and completed a four­year Open University degree in two years. I wanted to __19__ the time I had lost in my 20s. I've just started a new job in a large primary school. I try to forget the accident. What __20__ is who I am now.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。23岁时，作者被诊断患有多发性硬化症，这使他失去了做教师的机会。可是具有戏剧性的是，13年后却被医生告知，他的病属于误诊。
1．A.increased B．slipped
C．disappeared D．lasted
解析：选B　根据前后句语境，作者的大脑运行变慢了，因此注意力下降了。slip“下降，变差”，符合语境。
2．A.worried B．thrilled
C．content D．desperate
解析：选D　我非常迫切地想寻找答案。desperate“绝望的，铤而走险的，急切的”，符合语境，在这里指急切地想要寻找答案。
3．A.shock B．wonder
C．dilemma D．mystery
解析：选A　根据前面一句话可知，作者被诊断患有严重疾病，这个事实让他感到很震惊。所以A项符合语境。
4．A.give up B．focus on
C．set about D．stick to
解析：选A　根据上文可知，作者生病了，所以不得不放弃教学。因此A项符合语境。
5．A.consequence B．advance
C．alternative D．purpose
解析：选C　根据上下文语境可知，C项符合语境，即作者看不到另外一种选择，只能放弃教学。
6．A.occur B．worsen
C．continue D．exist
解析：选B　worsen“(使)变得更坏，(使)恶化”，符合语境，即病情没有加重，只是反复无常。
7．A.short B．full
C．typical D．worthy
解析：选C　be typical of是固定搭配，“是……的特征”，符合语境，即病情反复无常，这是多发性硬化症的典型特征。故选C。
8．A.take off B．take on
C．take back D．take in
解析：选B　take off“起飞，脱掉，(使)离开，突然成功”；take on“承担，呈现，雇用，录用”；take back“收回，取回”；take in“吸收，领会，欺骗”。根据上下文语境可知，B项正确。
9．A.mood B．job
C．assistant D．condition
解析：选D　我很高兴能回到教育中去，但是患这种疾病意味着我永远不可能实现当老师的梦想了。根据句意可知，选D，condition“疾病”。
10．A.initial B．theoretical
C．accurate D．positive
解析：选A　A项“最初的，开始的”；B项“理论上的，假设的”；C项“精确的，准确的，正确无误的”；D项“积极的，确信的，肯定的”。根据上下文语境可知，A项正确。
11．A.calm B．angry
C．happy D．regretful
解析：选B　这里指在听完自己其实并没有生病之后，作者非常愤怒。B项符合语境。
12．A.career B．health
C．conscience D．marriage
解析：选A　因为前文说作者放弃了他最爱的教师职业并且以为自己再也无法做一名老师了，所以A项正确，即被误诊对作者的家庭和事业都有影响。
13．A.direct B．negative
C．vague D．proper
解析：选C　我要求医生(对我的误诊)给出解释，但他的回答却是含糊不清的。故C项正确。
14．A.excuse B．response
C．question D．apology
解析：选D　根据上下文语境可知，D项正确，即医生对自己犯的错误没有道歉。
15．A.catered B．applied
C．complained D．appealed
解析：选C　根据上一段可知，作者发现自己被误诊，而医生却连道歉都没有，所以作者就向医院投诉。因此C项符合语境。
16．A.financial B．medical
C．legal D．technical
解析：选C　根据文章内容可知，作者是向律师求助的，所以得不到的是法律帮助。故选C。
17．A.defined B．simplified
C．pushed D．abandoned
解析：选A　然而，接受我的生活不再被疾病界定这一事实对我的康复有最大的影响。
18．A.leader B．teacher
C．lawyer D．doctor
解析：选B　根据上文可知，作者一直梦想着成为老师，所以本题选B。
19．A.take advantage of B．keep pace with
C．run out of D．catch up on
解析：选D　根据上文内容可知，作者由于误诊而被耽误了13年，他13年没做成老师，所以现在想弥补失去的时间。take advantage of“利用”；keep pace with“跟上，与……并驾齐驱，赶上”；run out of“用完，耗尽，从……跑出”；catch up on“补做(未做的事)，补上，弥补”。根据语境选D。
20．A.stresses B．functions
C．remains D．counts
解析：选D　重要(counts)的是，我现在是个什么样的人。故选D。

专题限时检测(十二)　完形填空之夹叙夹议文体(一)
(共3篇，每篇限时18分钟)
A
(2017·南通市高三三模)My brother had distrusted my driving skill since the day I smashed his car against a wooden pole at the garage of our small compound. “You are too __1__！” he said sharply. I could offer no __2__ at the moment, although any expert could have made the same silly mistake — trust me. At first, I was quite __3__ in myself for having damaged the new car. I found myself building a story in my head: It's so __4__.“Why could it have been me in this __5__？”
Then I dug a little __6___ to realize why I was feeling so upset. I realized I was making something __7__into a big deal. I was merely building a story that made no __8__ to me at all. I was too __9__ to the current situation. I just taught myself, “I may as well __10__ this and move on！”
__11__ looking at where you are and start looking at what you can be. We are sure to be__12__ when we quarrel with ourselves; it is civil war.
Your future depends on many things, but __13__ on you. You may succeed if __14__ else believes in you, but you will never succeed if you don't believe in __15__. A focus on the past causes us to miss opportunities in the __16__.
Don't spend half your __17__ telling what you are going to do and the other half explaining why you __18__ do it. Forgive yourself for past __19__ and hurts. Reach out to the wonderful things that lie __20__ of you. A man is not what he's called; a man is what he responds to.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者不慎撞坏哥哥的新车，受到责怪，虽无言以对，却愤愤不平。事后思考，感到自己当时的失望、不快是小题大做，跟自己过不去只能使自己成为输家。一个人专注于过去只会失去眼前的机遇；宽恕自己过往的错失，才能向美好的未来前行。
1．A.absent­minded　　　　　 B．self­confident
C．fierce D．ridiculous
解析：选A　absent­minded在此相当于careless，是对作者撞坏车的责怪之辞。absent­minded“心不在焉的”；self­confident“自信的”；fierce“激烈的”；ridiculous“可笑的”。
2．A.assistance B．excuse
C．advice D．compensation
解析：选B　句意：尽管任何一个专家都有可能犯相同的愚蠢的错误，但是我一时也找不到托词(来为自己撞坏车辩解)。
3．A.confused B．amazed
C．annoyed D．disappointed
解析：选D　根据上下文可知，作者对自己撞坏新车感到失望。confused“困惑的”；amazed“惊奇的”；annoyed“恼怒的”；disappointed“失望的”。
4．A.unusual B．unclear
C．unfair D．uncertain
解析：选C　由下一句“怎么是我遇到这种(蠢事)”，可推断作者想的是老天待自己不公平(unfair)。
5．A.mess B．adventure
C．trap D．conflict
解析：选A　参见上一题解析。in a mess“乱七八糟，处境狼狈”。
6．A.faster B．deeper
C．harder D．further
解析：选B　dig的本意是“挖”，常与副词deep连用，表示“深挖”；此处用其引申意义，dig a little deeper意为“稍作深思”。
7．A.abnormal B．bitter
C．challenging D．unimportant
解析：选D　由下文可知，作者意识到自己在“小题大做”。abnormal“不正常的”；bitter“痛苦的”；challenging“具有挑战性的”；unimportant“不重要的”。
8．A.reply B．sense
C．apology D．difference
解析：选B　根据上下文可知，作者认为原先的想法对于自己而言其实毫无意义。make no sense“没有意义”。
9．A.accustomed B．exposed
C．attached D．limited
解析：选C　此处表示“使自己过于专注眼前之事”，即不能轻易摆脱它们。accustomed“习惯于，通常的”；exposed“无遮蔽的”；attached“依恋的，爱慕的”；limited“有限的”。
10．A.accept B．maintain
C．check D．improve
解析：选A　此句是对上一句的说明：不能摆脱掉，那就接受，继续前行。
11．A.Keep B．Practise
C．Enjoy D．Stop
解析：选D　作者在反省之后，亮出自己的观点：不要再专注自己身在何处(指遇到什么事情)，而要开始审视自己能做什么。
12．A.fighters B．judges
C．losers D．observers
解析：选C　根据上文作者所持态度来推断，作者认为没有必要自己跟自己过不去，不然输者(loser)只会是我们自己。
13．A.currently B．mostly
C．gradually D．actually
解析：选B　根据下文可知，人要成功主要靠自己。mostly“大部分地，主要地”。currently“目前，当前”；gradually“逐渐地”；actually“真实地，事实上”。
14．A.somebody B．everybody
C．anybody D．nobody
解析：选D　句意：如果没有一个人相信你，你也可能会成功，但是如果你不相信你自己，你将永远不会成功。
15．A.yourself B．others
C．luck D．education
解析：选A　参见上一题解析。
16．A.dark B．course
C．present D．competition
解析：选C　in the present意为“现在”，与句中的the past(过去)相对应。
17．A.fortune B．energy
C．minute D．penny
解析：选B　此处指不要多花精力去说将来要做什么或解释所做之事。
18．A.didn't B．shouldn't
C．eventually D．frequently
解析：选A　参见上一题解析。didn't与前面的将来时态相对应。
19．A.experiences B．memories
C．failures D．difficulties
解析：选C　failures与hurts属于同一范畴，表示“失败和伤痛”。
20．A.instead B．out
C．right D．ahead
解析：选D　上一句讲过去的不快，本句与之相对，讲向前看美好的事物。
B
(2017·苏北四市高三一模)Once a wise man and his student traveled to a remote, mountainous place. They were well __1__ at a cottage by a family of five. The wise man asked: “How do you __2__ in such a poor place？”
“That's what keeps us going，” said the host, __3__ to a thin, tired cow. “She gives us milk, some of which we drink and some we make into __4__. When there is extra, we __5__ the milk and cheese for other types of food. ”
The wise man thanked them and left. When he reached the first __6__ in the road, he said to his student: “Get the cow, take it to the __7__， and push it off.”__8__ and angry though the student was, he obeyed.
As years passed by, the __9__ became too much to bear and the student returned to that cottage to find out what he could do. Upon rounding the bend, he could not believe his eyes. In place of the __10__ there was a beautiful house with trees all around, several cars in the __11__， a satellite dish, and on and on. He __12__ the man from several years before, strong and confident. He went __13__ to the man and asked: “What happened？”
The man __14__ with a smile: “Our cow fell off the cliff and died. To survive, we had to __15__ new ways of doing things and __16__ new skills. And so, we are now much __17__.”
Sometimes our __18__ on something small and limited is the biggest obstacle (障碍) to our growth. Once you __19__ yourself of the thought “it's little but it's certain”， then your life will really change. May you have the __20__ to recognize your “cow” this new year, and the courage to push it off the cliff.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一位智者“指使”自己的学生将一个五口之家赖以生存的奶牛推下了悬崖。结果，几年后，那家人反而过上了比之前更富裕的生活。这个故事告诉我们要勇于突破限制、敢于改变。
1．A.received B．accepted
C．educated D．behaved
解析：选A　receive在这里意为“接待”，指他们受到一个五口之家的热情接待。
2．A.succeed B．survive
C．accommodate D．communicate
解析：选B　根据语境和空后的“in such a poor place”及下文第二段的内容可知，智者询问这个五口之家是如何在如此贫穷的地方生存的。survive“生存，存活”符合语境。
3．A.referring B．pointing
C．sticking D．attending
解析：选B　主人指着(pointing to)一头瘦弱且疲惫不堪的奶牛说道。
4．A.cream B．yogurt
C．cheese D．butter
解析：选C　根据后面一句话中的“milk and cheese”可知，C项符合语境，即他们会把一些牛奶做成奶酪(cheese)。
5．A.replace B．place
C．exchange D．change
解析：选C　当牛奶和奶酪有剩余的时候，我们就拿去交换(exchange)其他类型的食物。
6．A.bend B．village
C．tree D．bridge
解析：选A　根据第四段第二句话中的“bend”可知，bend“拐弯，弯道”符合语境，即当他们到了道路的第一个拐弯处时。
7．A.valley B．river
C．cliff D．cave
解析：选C　由下文中的“push it off”及第五段第一句话中的“Our cow fell off the cliff”可知，这个智者让自己的学生将奶牛带到悬崖边上并推下悬崖(cliff)。
8．A.Puzzled B．Bored
C．Excited D．Ashamed
解析：选A　根据上下文内容可知，智者让他的学生将好端端的奶牛推下悬崖，他当然应该是感到非常困惑不解的(Puzzled)。
9．A.depression B．confusion
C．anger D．guilt
解析：选D　根据上下文语境，尤其是下文的“became too much to bear ...to find out what he could do”可知，guilt“内疚”符合语境。
10．A.fence B．cottage
C．road D．hill
解析：选B　根据语境及第一段中的“a cottage”可知，绿树环绕的美丽房屋取代了乡村小屋(cottage)。
11．A.house B．passage
C．balcony D．garage
解析：选D　根据前面的“cars”可知，车库里停着几辆汽车。
12．A.congratulated B．recognized
C．acknowledged D．greeted
解析：选B　B项意为“认出”，指这位学生认出了几年前的那个人。
13．A.by B．back
C．over D．about
解析：选C　go over to是固定短语，意为“走向……”，指这位学生走向那个人并问道。
14．A.replied B．responded
C．reflected D．reacted
解析：选A　根据第四段最后一句话可知，这里表示那个人面带微笑地回答(replied)。
15．A.come up with B．put up with
C．keep up with D．catch up with
解析：选A　为了生存，我们必须想出(come up with)新的做事方法并增强(develop)新技能。A项符合语境。
16．A.evolve B．extend
C．develop D．polish
解析：选C　参见上题解析。
17．A.well off B．badly off
C．better off D．worse off
解析：选C　根据空前的“much”和语境可知，那家人现在比以前富裕了，因此用better off(well off的比较级)“更富有的，更富裕的”。
18．A.dependence B．attention
C．focus D．faith
解析：选A　根据第二段的内容可知，这个五口之家原来对他们家的奶牛有极大程度的依赖，故此处指“有时候我们对某些微小的、限制性的东西的依赖(dependence)是我们成长的最大障碍”。
19．A.remind B．inform
C．warn D．free
解析：选D　一旦你使自己摆脱“虽然微小但是是固定(可以获得)的”的想法，那么你的生活将会彻底改变。free ...of ...意为“解放，使摆脱”，符合语境。
20．A.perseverance B．fortune
C．wisdom D．distinction
解析：选C　愿你在新的一年里拥有识别自己的“奶牛”的智慧(wisdom)和把它推下悬崖的勇气。
C
(2017·江苏省高考名校联考信息优化卷)
My mother has a unique way of embarrassing her children. Whenever she gets __1__ about something, she jumps up and down, screaming. We __2__ this as the “silly dance”. As her daughter, I find this __3__ embarrassing. Anytime she goes into the silly dance, I will __4__ slowly away, smile awkwardly, and __5__ to people, “No, she's not my mother.”
Even though my mother brought me much __6__ when I was little, and even though she __7__ does the silly dance when something goes her way, I now __8__ it. Because the silly dance shows just who she is, and it shows that she's happy. __9__ she didn't do her dance and just obeyed our wishes for “not __10__， Mom”， she would compromise who she is.
I owe a lot of my __11__ for the theater to my mother. I now sing publicly like my mother does. And my friends are always doing that __12__ awkward smile and usually __13__ under their breath, “Carolyn, public.”
So in many ways I'm becoming my mother. I'm not going to __14__ singing just because people feel embarrassed at it. I have no __15__ that I will embarrass my own children with my performance of the “silly dance”. So what? That's who I am.
It's my __16__ that everyone should dance to the beat of her own drum, even if the guy next to you gives you a(n) __17__ look. I believe in the things that set us __18__. I believe in being myself, no matter how many awkward smiles I __19__. I believe in the idea that never __20__ who I am.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的亲身经历告诉我们一个道理：不要在意别人的看法，要做自己。
1．A.excited B．disappointed
C．confused D．concerned
解析：选A　根据下文的“she jumps up and down, screaming ”“does the silly dance when something goes her way ”及“it shows that she's happy ”可知，母亲在兴奋时就会跳起“舞”来，因此选择A。
2．A.pick up B．take up
C．refer to D．turn to
解析：选C　我们把她的这种舞蹈称为“silly dance”。refer to ... as ...“把……称为……”。
3．A.primarily B．gradually
C．occasionally D．completely
解析：选D　根据下句可知，作者认为这种舞蹈令自己非常尴尬，因此选择completely“完全地，彻底地”。
4．A.run B．rush
C．inch D．pull
解析：选C　根据句中的“slowly”“smile awkwardly”可知，此处指母亲无论何时跳起“silly dance”来，作者都会慢慢地走开。inch“缓慢地移动”，符合语境。
5．A.apologize B．explain
C．complain D．respond
解析：选B　根据上下文语境可知，为了使自己摆脱尴尬的处境，作者会向人们解释(explain)道，“不，她不是我妈妈。”
6．A.annoyance B．support
C．favour D．courage
解析：选A　根据上文的内容可知，此处应是表示尽管母亲在作者小的时候给她带来了很多苦恼。annoyance“烦恼，苦恼”，符合语境。
7．A.even B．ever
C．never D．still
解析：选D　虽然当有些事情进行顺利时，她仍然(still)会跳“silly dance”。
8．A.avoid B．improve
C．enjoy D．ignore
解析：选C　根据上下文语境，此处指作者现在喜欢上了母亲表达喜悦的方式。因此选择enjoy。
9．A.Unless B．If
C．In case D．Now that
解析：选B　根据语境，此处指如果母亲听从孩子们的意愿——不在公共场合跳“silly dance”，那她就违背了自我。根据句意可知，空处在此引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故选If。
10．A.in public B．in person
C．in advance D．in vain
解析：选A　参见上题解析。in public“公开地，当众”；in person“亲自”；in advance“提前”；in vain“白费力气，徒劳”。
11．A.affection B．talent
C．sympathy D．admiration
解析：选A　此处指作者把自己对戏剧的喜爱归功于自己的母亲。affection“喜爱”，符合句意。
12．A.different B．unusual
C．extra D．same
解析：选D　根据上下文语境可知，此处指朋友们看到作者在公共场合唱歌，也会露出同样尴尬的微笑，因此选择same。
13．A.shouting B．whispering
C．laughing D．cheering
解析：选B　根据下文中的“under their breath”可知，此处指的应是作者的朋友们通常会小声说道。whisper under one's breath“耳语，小声说”，符合句意。
14．A.make up for B．put up with
C．take to D．give up
解析：选D　根据语境可知，此处指作者不会仅仅因为会让别人感到尴尬就放弃(give up)唱歌。
15．A.doubt B．idea
C．choice D．hope
解析：选A　此处指毫无疑问(doubt)，作者也会使自己的孩子们感到尴尬。
16．A.advice B．dream
C．prediction D．belief
解析：选D　此处表示作者认为(belief)：每个人都应该按照自己的节拍去跳舞，即使你身边的人会向你投以奇怪的(strange)表情。
17．A.comforting B．special
C．strange D．appreciative
解析：选C　参见上题解析。
18．A.aside B．away
C．alike D．apart
解析：选D　此处指使我们有所区别的这些东西。set ... apart“使与众不同，使突出”。
19．A.share B．receive
C．refuse D．remember
解析：选B　作者表示无论自己收到多少尴尬的笑容，作者都会相信要做自己。receive表示“(客观上)得到，收到”，符合句意。
20．A.compromise B．admit
C．forget D．suspect
解析：选A　此处指作者在坚持自我这个问题上永不妥协。compromise“妥协，让步”，符合句意。第二段最后一句中的“compromise who she is”也是提示。

专题限时检测(十三)　完形填空之夹叙夹议文体(二)
(共3篇，每篇限时18分钟)
A
(2017·无锡高三一模)When I was in middle school, a poisonous spider bit my right hand. I ran to my mom for __1__， but instead of taking me to a doctor, my mom set my hand __2__.
After wrapping my hand with several layers of cotton, then soaking it in wine, she put a chopstick into my mouth, and lit the cotton. Heat quickly went through the cotton and began to roast my __3__. The sharp pain made me want to scream, but the chopstick __4__ it. All I could do was watch my hand burn — one minute, then two minutes — __5__ Mom put out the fire.
At that time there was no doctor available my mother could bring me to see about my spider bite.
For those who study biology, you may have grasped the science __6__ my mom's cure: heat deactivates (使不活跃) proteins, and a spider's venom (毒液) is __7__ a form of protein. It's __8__ how that folk remedy actually includes basic biochemistry, isn't it? But I am a PhD student in biochemistry at Harvard. I now know that better, less __9__ and less risky treatments existed. So I can't help but ask myself why I didn't __10__ one at that time.
Now I am happy to report that my hand is fine. But this question remains, and I continue to be troubled by the unequal __11__ of scientific knowledge throughout the world. Despite the knowledge we have accumulated, we haven't been so __12__ in deploying (配置) it to where it's needed most. We constantly see these problems of poverty, illness, and __13__ of resources preventing the flow of scientific information. Lifesaving knowledge we take for granted in the modern world is often __14__ in underdeveloped regions.
While studying at Harvard, I saw __15__ scientific knowledge can help others in simple, yet profound ways. The bird flu in the 2000s looked to my village like a spell cast by devils. When I realized that simple hygiene (卫生) practices like __16__ different animal species could contain the spread of the disease, and that I could help make this knowledge available to my village, that was my first “Aha” moment as a budding scientist.
Harvard dares us to dream big, to aspire (立志) to change the world. Here on this Commencement Day, we are __17__ thinking of grand destinations and big adventures that await us. As for me, I am also thinking of the farmers in my village. My experience here __18__ me how important it's for researchers to communicate our knowledge to those __19__. Because by using the science we already have, we can probably bring my village and thousands like it into the world you and I take __20__ every day. And that's an impact every one of us can make!
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者用他被蜘蛛咬伤而被母亲救治好的亲身经历说明了知识传播和科学知识的均衡分布的重要性。
1．A medicine　　　　　　　　　 B．help
C．advice D．decision
解析：选B　结合上下文语境可知，在“我”上中学的时候，一只有毒的蜘蛛咬伤了“我”的右手，“我”跑去找母亲帮忙(help)。
2．A.in water B．on fire
C．in trouble D．on strike
解析：选B　根据下文的“... lit the cotton” “put out the fire”可知，母亲没有带“我”去看医生，而是用火烧“我”的手。set sth. on fire“用火焚烧某物”，符合语境。in trouble“在困难中”；on strike“在罢工”。
3．A.leg B．chest
C．hand D．face
解析：选C　根据上文的“a poisonous spider bit my right hand” “wrapping my hand with several layers of cotton ... ”可知，这里指的是烘烤“我”的手(hand)。
4．A.preserved B．forbade
C．cancelled D．prevented
解析：选D　剧烈的疼痛使“我”想叫出声来，但嘴里的筷子阻止(prevented)“我”这样做。preserve“保存，保护”；forbid“禁止”；cancel“取消”。
5．A.before B．until
C．when D．while
解析：选B　根据语境可知，此处指直到(until)“我”母亲把“我”手上的火扑灭。
6．A.beside B．behind
C．after D．within
解析：选B　对于那些学生物学的人来说，你也许已经明白了“我”母亲的治疗方法背后的科学(原理)。表示“在……背后”要用介词behind。
7．A.accurately B．simply
C．constantly D．continuously
解析：选B　蜘蛛的毒液仅仅(simply)是一种蛋白质。accurately“准确地”；constantly“不断地，时常地”；continuously“连续不断地”。
8．A.cool B．right
C．absurd D．puzzling
解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处指这个偏方事实上包含着基本的生物化学知识，这是很好的(cool)。
9．A.powerful B．stressful
C．painful D．regretful
解析：选C　“我”现在知道了不那么痛(painful)，不那么危险的治疗方法的存在。powerful“强有力的”；stressful“有压力的”；regretful“遗憾的”。
10．A.accept B．receive
C．adopt D．adapt
解析：选B　“我”忍不住问“我”自己，为什么那个时候“我”不能接纳(receive)这样的治疗呢？accept“承认，接受”；adopt“采取，收养”；adapt“使适应，改编”。
11．A.distribution B．donation
C．allocation D．distraction
解析：选A　此处表示科学知识在全球的分布(distribution)不均衡问题。donation“捐献”；allocation“分配，配置”；distraction“注意力分散，消遣”。
12．A.involved B．absorbed
C．successful D．careful
解析：选C　虽然我们已经积累了很多知识，但是我们还不能成功(successful)地将其应用到最需要它的地方。
13．A.separation B．plenty
C．absence D．lack
解析：选D　根据上文中的“these problems of poverty，illness”及下文中的“preventing the flow of scientific information”可知，此处应是指资源的匮乏(lack)。
14．A.unavailable B．unwanted
C．unexpected D．unnecessary
解析：选A　救生知识在现代化的世界被我们认为是理所当然的，但通常在不发达地区却是难以获得的。unavailable“难以获得的，无法得到的”，符合语境。
15．A.when B．where
C．how D．why
解析：选C　“我”知道了科学知识是如何(how)用简单又深刻的方式帮助其他人的。
16．A.dividing B．separating
C．splitting D．breaking
解析：选B　当“我”意识到简单的卫生治疗方法，例如将不同种类的动物隔离(separating)开可以防止这种疾病的蔓延。divide“分开”；split“分裂”；break“破坏”。
17．A.skilfully B．probably
C．preferably D．relatively
解析：选B　我们大概(probably)在想象等待我们的远大目标和大冒险。skilfully“有技术地”；preferably“最好是”；relatively“相当地，相对地”。
18．A.informs B．recalls
C．reminds D．refers
解析：选C　“我”的经历提醒(reminds)“我”，对于研究者来说将知识传递给处于困境中(in need)的那些人是多么重要。
19．A.in danger B．in need
C．in order D．in shape
解析：选B　参见上题解析。in danger“在危险中”；in order“整齐，秩序井然，按顺序”；in shape“在外形上，处于良好状态”。
20．A.for granted B．for example
C．into consideration D．into practice
解析：选A　此处表示我们每天都视为理所当然的世界。take sth.for granted意为“认为某事理所当然，视某事为理所当然”，符合句意。take sth.for example“以……为例”；take sth. into consideration“顾及，考虑到”。
B
(2017·苏州高三调研试题)
Dear Strangers，
I remember you. Eighteen months ago, when my cellphone rang, you were walking into Whole Foods __1__ to do your grocery shopping, just as I had been only minutes before you. But I had already __2__ my cart full of groceries in the entryway, for my brother was on the other end of the __3__ telling me my father had __4__ his own life early that morning.
I started to cry and scream as my whole body __5__. I fell to the floor under the __6__ of what I had just learned. You could have kept on walking, __7__ my cries, but you didn't. You could have simply stopped and stared at my __8__ of pain, but you didn't. Instead, you surrounded me as I yelled __9__ my sobs, “My father killed himself. He's dead.”
I remember one of you asked for my phone. You needed my husband's name as you searched through my __10__. I remember that I could hear your __11__ as you tried to reach my husband for me, leaving an __12__ message for him to call me. I recall hearing you discuss among yourselves who would drive me home in my car and who would __13__ that person back to the store. You didn't even know one another, and you came around me with the common __14__ — to help.
In my __15__， I told you that I had a friend who worked at Whole Foods, and one of you brought her to me. And I even recall as I sat with her, one of you __16__ a gift card for meals to Whole Foods. That gift card helped to __17__ my family when the idea of cooking was so far __18__ my emotional reach.
I never saw you after that. But I know this to be true: Because you __19__ out to help, you offered a ray of light in the most __20__ moment I've ever experienced. I will never, ever forget you.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，是写给陌生人的一封感谢信。当作者处于失去父亲的悲痛中时，是一些陌生人给了她安慰和帮助。信的字里行间流露出满满的正能量和感动。
1．A.bound B．willing
C．prepared D．determined
解析：选C　十八个月以前，当“我”的电话响起时，你们正步入Whole Foods准备(prepared)买一些食品杂货。
2．A.abandoned B．recovered
C．pushed D．filled
解析：选A　根据下文的“for my brother was on the other end ...early that morning”和“My father killed himself.He's dead.”可知，作者的父亲那天早上自杀了，所以此处指作者把装满食品杂货的手推车丢弃(abandoned)在入口通道处，从而表现出作者的悲痛心情。
3．A.shop B．line
C．queue D．lane
解析：选B　根据上文的“my cellphone rang”可知，此处指的是电话的另一端，故选line“电话线”。
4．A.cost B．given
C．saved D．taken
解析：选D　take one's own life意为“自杀”。下文的“My father killed himself.”是对此空的暗示，表示作者的父亲那天一大早自杀了。
5．A.hurt B．twisted
C．trembled D．fell
解析：选C　听到父亲去世的噩耗，作者开始哭喊，整个身体也颤抖(trembled)着，这些都表现出作者内心的痛苦。
6．A.umbrella B．control
C．protection D．weight
解析：选D　作者在听到自己父亲去世的重压下跌在了地板上。under the weight of意为“在……的重压下”，符合语境。
7．A.ignoring B．stopping
C．wiping D．comforting
解析：选A　你们本来可以继续走你们的路，忽视(ignoring)“我”的哭喊，但是你们没有。
8．A.passion B．dilemma
C．separation D．display
解析：选D　你们本来可以只停下来，看着“我”由于痛苦所表现出来的样子。display意为“表现，显示”，符合语境。
9．A.at B．to
C．through D．on
解析：选C　根据语境可知，此处表示“当‘我’在哭泣中叫喊着”。through意为“穿过，贯穿”。
10．A.messages B．contacts
C．photos D．records
解析：选B　此处表示好心的陌生人搜索作者手机上的联系人(contacts)以找到作者丈夫的联络方式。
11．A.guesses B．replies
C．words D．arguments
解析：选C　根据下文中的“as you tried to reach my husband”可知，陌生人和作者的丈夫通了电话，故此处表示作者记得好心的陌生人和自己丈夫通电话时说过的话(words)。
12．A.instant B．urgent
C．obvious D．abundant
解析：选B　根据语境可知，好心的陌生人给作者的丈夫留下了紧急的(urgent)信息。
13．A.follow B．send
C．pick D．fetch
解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处指谁能够跟着(follow)那个人回到商店。
14．A.belief B．purpose
C．interest D．knowledge
解析：选B　根据语境及下文的“to help”可知，帮忙是这些围绕在作者身边的好心的陌生人的共同目的(purpose)。
15．A.snow B．frost
C．wind D．fog
解析：选D　根据上下文语境可知，此处表示作者在昏昏沉沉中。fog“迷惘，困惑”，符合语境。
16．A.sent over B．took in
C．submitted to D．catered to
解析：选A　根据语境可知，有人给作者送来了一张礼品卡。send over“送来”，符合语境。take in“吸收，接受，领会”；submit to“提交，服从，屈服”；cater to“迎合，为……服务”。
17．A.treat B．support
C．feed D．keep
解析：选C　当做饭的想法是如此远远地超出了(beyond)“我”的情感范围时，这张礼品卡帮助给“我”的家人提供了食物(feed)。
18．A.within B．between
C．beyond D．above
解析：选C　参见上题解析。beyond one's reach意为“超出某人的范围，力所不及”，为习惯用法。
19．A.reached B．turned
C．figured D．checked
解析：选A　因为你们伸出了手(reached)帮忙，(所以)你们在我曾经所经历过的最沮丧的(discouraging)时刻给“我”带来了一线光明。reach“伸手，伸”，符合语境。
20．A.threatening B．discouraging
C．surprising D．demanding
解析：选B　参见上题解析。threatening“恐吓的，威胁的”；surprising“令人吃惊的”；demanding“苛求的，要求高的”。
C
(2017·江苏省名校高三入学摸底卷)
Everyone persisting in pursing a dream deserves to be respected. As a head coach of a school, I once __1__ a group of adults and students on the benefits of football in a speech. I told the __2__ that football was not just for star athletes.
Afterward, a couple __3__ me. Their son, who had had a sickly childhood, really wanted to play football. They had tried to __4__ him not to. When they told me his name, my heart __5__. As far as I knew, Michael was a __6__ — always laughed at by other kids — and he had never participated in sports. I had no choice but to accept him __7__ because of what I said just now.
On the first day of __8__， Michael was the first player on the field. We __9__ 30 minutes of stretching and then a one­mile jog around the field. At 50 yards, Michael fell, and I helped him __10__ his feet. “Michael，” I said. “Why don't you just __11__ the laps？” He began to get teary­eyed and said that he hadn't even __12__ yet. So I sent him on. __13__ he fell, each time picking himself up. This occurred for weeks. During practice I __14__ a coach to babysit Michael. But it was __15__ to provide that care. Michael's __16__ and courage made it impossible to do anything else.
As the season progressed, Michael improved, both physically and __17__. He began to joke with other team members. Instead of __18__ him, the kids became touchingly protective. By the last week of practice Michael ran the mile without a __19__. We had won only one game that season, yet the team cheered louder for Michael's run than they had during our lone __20__.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了迈克尔凭借自己的勇气和坚持取得进步的感人故事。
1．A.addressed B．trained
C．accepted D．recommended
解析：选A　根据后文的“in a speech” “because of what I said just now ” 可知，此处应是表示作者曾经在一次演讲中向一群成年人和学生说过足球的好处。address“向……说话”，符合语境。
2．A.principal B．staff
C．couple D．crowd
解析：选D　从上文中的“a group of adults and students”可以看出，该空要填的词就是group的近义词，表示作者告诉这群人足球不只是明星运动员才能踢的。crowd“一群人，人群，观众”，符合语境。
3．A.approached B．noticed
C．greeted D．educated
解析：选A　根据语境，此处应该是指一对夫妇在作者讲话结束后走到作者跟前。approach意为“走近，接近”，符合题意。
4．A.encourage B．demand
C．persuade D．remind
解析：选C　这对夫妇知道他们的儿子不适合这项运动，所以应该是尽量说服他不要参加。persuade意为“说服”，符合语境。
5．A.pounded B．sank
C．broke D．hurt
解析：选B　根据上文的“Their son, who had had a sickly childhood, really wanted to play football.”和下文的“As far as I knew ... always laughed at by other kids — and he had never participated in sports.”可知，作者内心应该是不愿意接受迈克尔的，故听到他的名字后，作者应是心里一沉。one's heart sinks是固定表达，意为“(表示突然感到悲伤或沮丧)心里一沉”。pound“(心脏)狂跳，怦怦地跳”；break one's heart“使某人难过/伤心”。
6．A.coach B．loner
C．player D．victim
解析：选B　根据下文的“always laughed at by other kids”可知，迈克尔是一个不合群的人。loner“不合群的人”，符合语境。
7．A.partly B．hardly
C．naturally D．simply
解析：选D　根据语境可知，作者心里其实是不愿意接受迈克尔的，可是仅仅是因为自己刚刚说过的话，作者别无选择，只好接受这个孩子。simply“仅仅，只是”。
8．A.registration B．practice
C．competition D．ceremony
解析：选B　这里指的是足球训练(practice)的第一天。第14空格前的“practice”亦是提示。
9．A.picked up B．went off
C．went through D．brought up
解析：选C　根据下文的“30 minutes of stretching and then a one­mile jog around the field”可知，此处应是指他们练习了30分钟的伸展运动，然后是一英里的慢跑。go through意为“执行某行动”，在此引申为“进行……(训练)”，符合题意。
10．A.to B．with
C．for D．at
解析：选A　根据上文的“Michael fell”可知，此处应是表示作者帮助他站起来。to one's feet意为“站起来，起身”。
11．A.run B．walk
C．jump D．crawl
解析：选B　根据语境可知，此处表示作者建议他绕着跑道走(walk)。
12．A.reflected B．prepared
C．managed D．tried
解析：选D　根据下文作者让他继续跑步可以看出，此处表示迈克尔说自己甚至还没试(tried)过。
13．A.Eventually B．Generally
C．Repeatedly D．Randomly
解析：选C　根据下文的“each time picking himself up”可知，此处指他不断地跌倒，每次都自己爬起来，故选C。
14．A.ordered B．invited
C．forbade D．assigned
解析：选D　此处表示作者指派了一位教练来照顾迈克尔。assign“指派”，符合句意。
15．A.proper B．considerate
C．important D．tough
解析：选D　根据上文的“But”和下文的“made it impossible to do anything else”可知，此处应是表示提供那种照顾是非常困难的(tough)，因为迈克尔的决心(determination)和勇气使得做其他任何事都没有可能。
16．A.determination B．patience
C．confidence D．honesty
解析：选A　参见上题解析。
17．A.intellectually B．morally
C．socially D．academically
解析：选C　文章第二段介绍了迈克尔的两大问题，即身体问题和社会交往问题。由空前的“physically and”和下文的“He began to joke ... protective.”可知，此处应是表示迈克尔在身体上和社会交往方面均取得了进步。socially“在社交上”，符合语境。
18．A.scolding B．teasing
C．tolerating D．motivating
解析：选B　由文章第二段中的“always laughed at by other kids”和本句中的“Instead of” “the kids became touchingly protective”可知，此处表示孩子们不再嘲笑他。tease“嘲笑”，符合语境。
19．A.word B．doubt
C．pause D．fall
解析：选D　上文讲到迈克尔在跑步的过程中不断摔倒，最后一段又提及了他的进步，故此处指他没有一次跌倒(fall)地跑完了这一英里。
20．A.victory B．match
C．season D．term
解析：选A　根据上文的“We had won only one game that season”可知，他们在那个赛季仅有一场胜利，然而队伍为迈克尔跑步的欢呼声却比为他们唯一的那场胜利(victory)的欢呼声更响亮。
专题限时检测(十四)　完形填空之说明文体和议论文体
(共3篇，每篇限时18分钟)
A
(2017·南京高三三模)Research shows that when we are absorbed in an activity, even minor distractions (分心) can have a huge effect. According to a study, regaining our __1__ drive following an interruption can take about 20 minutes.
Multitasking (多任务), as many studies have shown, is a myth (谬论). A more accurate __2__ of what happens when we tell ourselves we are multitasking is that we're rapidly __3__ between activities, sucking our mental energy. And the __4__ can be surprisingly serious. An experiment found that we lose as many as 10 IQ points when we allow our work to be __5__ by distractions like emails and text messages.
The __6__ is that multitasking is enjoyable. It's fun to satisfy your curiosity. Who knows what that next email or text message holds __7__？ Finding out provides immediate satisfaction. __8__， resisting distractions and staying on task requires __9__ and mental effort.
So, what are we to do?
Our strategy is to change the __10__ to move temptation further away: shut down your email program or __11__ your phone. It's a lot easier to stay on task when you're not __12__ fighting off mental desires.
The alternative, which most of us consider common, is __13__ to dieting in a bakery. We all need the willpower to resist the temptations, but doing so comes with __14__ costs to our limited supply of willpower.
Another worthwhile __15__ is to collect similar activities together, keeping transition (转换) time to a __16__ point. Instead of spreading phone calls, meetings and emails throughout your day, try __17__ related tasks so that there are fewer transitions.
In some jobs, multitasking is __18__. Some of us truly do need to stay __19__ with our clients, colleagues and managers. So it's worth noting that limiting disruptions is the only solution.
Remember, the more you do to minimize task­switching over the course of the day, the more ability you'll have for activities that actually __20__. Even small changes can make a big difference.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，在多项任务中，不停地进行任务切换会让我们分心，所以尽可能避免同时处理多项事情或减少任务切换的时间就显得尤为重要了。
1．A.initial　　　　　　　　　 B．personal
C．inner D．ambitious
解析：选A　注意力被打断以后，重新获得最初的干劲可能大约需要20分钟。initial“最初的”。
2．A.plan B．account
C．prediction D．insight
解析：选B　根据下文中的“is that we're rapidly ... mental energy”可知，此处指的是对发生了什么的更准确的描述。account“描述”，符合语境。
3．A.switching B．swinging
C．swapping D．shuttling
解析：选A　根据语境及最后一段中的“task­switching”可知，此处指我们在活动间进行快速转换。switch“改变，转换”。
4．A.benefits B．reasons
C．consequences D．challenges
解析：选C　根据下文中的“we lose as many as 10 IQ points ...”可知，此处指后果可能会出奇地严重。consequence“后果”，符合语境。
5．A.guided B．changed
C．adapted D．interrupted
解析：选D　根据语境可知，此处指当我们允许我们的工作被诸如电子邮件和短信这样使人分心的事情打断(interrupted)时。第一段中的“interruption”亦是提示。
6．A.advantage B．emphasis
C．trouble D．practice
解析：选C　根据下文中的“multitasking is enjoyable ... provides immediate satisfaction”及“resisting distractions ... mental effort”可知，此处指问题(trouble)是同时做几件事情是很有趣的。
7．A.in stock B．in store
C．in check D．in possession
解析：选B　谁知道下一封电子邮件或短信里会有什么呢？hold sth. in store“储藏着，就要出现”。
8．A.As a rule B．As a result
C．In short D．In contrast
解析：选D　相比之下(In contrast)，抵制令人分心的事并继续把注意力放在任务上需要自制力(discipline)和脑力。as a rule“通常”；as a result“结果”；in short“总之”；in contrast“相反，相比之下”。
9．A.patience B．discipline
C．courage D．attention
解析：选B　参见上题解析。
10．A.expectation B．task
C．environment D．vision
解析：选C　根据下文中的“shut down your email program ...”可知，我们的策略是通过改变环境(environment)来转移诱惑：关闭电子邮件程序或把手机调至静音(silence)状态。environment“环境”，符合语境。
11．A.replace B．silence
C．answer D．pick
解析：选B　参见上题解析。silence“使安静，使不说话”，符合语境。
12．A.continuously B．finally
C．passionately D．directly
解析：选A　当你不再持续地抵抗精神欲望时，把注意力保持在任务上要容易得多。
13．A.similar B．relevant
C．superior D．opposite
解析：选A　根据下文中的“dieting in a bakery ... limited supply of willpower”可知，这个供替代的选择与在面包店节食有相似之处。be similar to是固定用法，意为“与……类似”。
14．A.affordable B．basic
C．considerable D．modest
解析：选C　但要做到这一点需要付出相当大的代价。considerable“相当大的”，符合语境。
15．A.research B．aspect
C．reaction D．approach
解析：选D　另外一个重要的方法(approach)是将类似的活动聚集在一起，把(任务)转换所需的时间保持在最低(minimum)点。approach“方法”和上文中的“strategy”对应。
16．A.minimum B．maximum
C．turning D．fixed
解析：选A　参见上题解析。minimum“最小的，最低的”。下文中的“minimize”是提示。
17．A.analyzing B．grouping
C．assigning D．undertaking
解析：选B　根据上文中的“collect similar activities together”及下文中的“so that there are fewer transitions”可知，尝试把相关的任务进行分组。group“把……分组，将……分类”，符合语境。
18．A.disturbing B．annoying
C．unavoidable D．unnecessary
解析：选C　在有些工作中，同时处理多项事情是不可避免的。unavoidable“不可避免的”，符合语境。
19．A.sympathetic B．loyal
C．accustomed D．connected
解析：选D　我们中的有些人确实需要和顾客、同事以及经理保持联系(connected)。
20．A.matter B．function
C．work D．interfere
解析：选A　一天中，你任务切换的次数越少，你就越有能力来应对真正重要的活动。
B
(2017·南通、泰州高三一模)Do you see the glass as half­full rather than half­empty? Such clichés (陈词滥调) are __1__ questions, as researchers examine with great care the power of positive thinking. Research is proving that optimism can __2__ you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, __3__， to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to __4__， loneliness and painful shyness. If we could teach people to think more positively, it would be like protecting them against these __5__ illnesses.
Your abilities count but the belief that you can succeed __6__ the result. When things go wrong the pessimist tends to __7__ himself. “I'm not good at this，” he says. “I always fail.” But the optimist looks for other __8__. Negative or positive, you are what you think. If people feel hopeless they don't __9__ to acquire the skills they need to succeed.
A sense of control is the real test for __10__. The optimist feels in control of his own life. If things are going badly, he __11__ quickly, looking for solutions, forming a new plan of action, and __12__ for advice. The pessimist feels like a toy of fate and moves slowly. He doesn't seek advice, since he __13__ nothing can be done. Many studies suggest that the pessimist's feeling of helplessness __14__ the body's immune system. The pessimist doesn't take good care of himself. Feeling passive and unable to avoid life's __15__， he expects ill health and other misfortunes, no matter what he does. He eats junk food, avoids exercise, and __16__ the doctor.
Most people are a(n) __17__ of optimism and pessimism, but are in favor of one direction or the other. It is a pattern of __18__ learned at our mother's knee. It grows out of thousands of cautions or __19__， negative statements or positive ones. Pessimism is a hard habit to __20__ but it can be done. So, if you are a pessimist, there are ways ...
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。乐观主义者往往不会被困难打倒，更有可能获得成功。而悲观主义者往往听天由命，认为人生无望。这两种人生态度不是与生俱来的，而是人们在成长环境中逐渐形成的。
1．A.specific B．scientific
C．physical D．universal
解析：选B　根据语境，尤其是下文中的“researchers”和“Research”可以推断，人们把玻璃杯看作半满而不是半空是科学问题。scientific“科学的”，符合语境。
2．A.help B．force
C．forbid D．train
解析：选A　乐观主义有助于让你更加快乐、健康和成功。help“帮助”，符合语境。
3．A.for instance B．at best
C．in fact D．by contrast
解析：选D　上一句话中说到了乐观主义的积极作用，而本句话介绍了悲观主义的消极作用，故by contrast“对比起来，相比之下”，符合语境。此处表示相比之下，悲观主义导致绝望、疾病和失败，并且和抑郁(depression)、孤独以及痛苦的胆怯有联系。
4．A.kindness B．carelessness
C．passion D．depression
解析：选D　参见上题解析。
5．A.severe B．mental
C．terminal D．major
解析：选B　如果我们可以教会人们更积极地思考，就会保护这些人不受精神疾病的困扰。根据上文中的“hopelessness” “loneliness” “painful shyness”等词可知，mental “精神上的”，符合语境。
6．A.challenges B．contradicts
C．affects D．abuses
解析：选C　你的能力非常重要，但是相信自己能成功的信念也会影响结果。这与第一段提到的乐观主义会催生积极结果相呼应。故affect“影响”，符合语境。
7．A.correct B．comfort
C．assist D．blame
解析：选D　根据语境及下文中的“‘I'm not good at this，’ he says.‘I always fail.’”可知，在事情进展不顺利时，悲观主义者往往会责备自己。blame“责怪，指责”，符合语境。
8．A.excuses B．opportunities
C．explanations D．advantages
解析：选C　上一句话中已经说到，当事情进展不顺利的时候，悲观主义者往往会责备自己。而本句与其构成转折，故此处表示但是乐观主义者会寻找其他的解释。explanation“解释，说明”，符合语境。
9．A.bother B．agree
C．wait D．hesitate
解析：选A　如果人们感到绝望，他们是不会费心去获得他们成功所需要的技能的。bother to do sth.意为“费心做某事”。
10．A.ambition B．success
C．conscience D．courage
解析：选B　这是本段的主题句，强调一个人的成功可以通过其是否能自控得以验证，这与下文中的“The optimist feels in control of his own life.”以及“The pessimist feels like a toy of fate”吻合，前者强调乐观主义者掌握人生，而后者强调悲观主义者受命运的摆布，这些态度影响了这两类人是否能够成功。故success“成功”，符合语境。
11．A.runs B．acts
C．quits D．turns
解析：选B　本句话中的“quickly ... forming a new plan of action ...”说明，乐观主义者看到事情进展不顺利时，会立即行动起来寻找解决方法，形成新的行动计划，并且向别人征求意见。act“做事，行动”，符合语境。
12．A.standing up B．making up
C．looking out D．reaching out
解析：选D　参见上题解析。reach out for advice意为“征求意见”，与下文中的“doesn't seek advice”相对应。
13．A.suspects B．denies
C．assumes D．pretends
解析：选C　根据上一句中的“... feels like a toy of fate and moves slowly ...”可知，悲观主义者认为自己是受命运摆布的人。所以他不会向别人征求意见，因为他认为无计可施。assume意为“假定，认为”，符合语境。
14．A.weakens B．restores
C．improves D．defends
解析：选A　很多研究表明悲观主义者绝望的感觉会削弱人体的免疫系统。weaken意为“削弱”，与下文中的“expects ill health”吻合。
15．A.aims B．gifts
C．blesses D．blows
解析：选D　结合语境可知，悲观主义者认为自己无法避开生活的打击。blow意为“打击，挫折”，符合语境。下文中的“ill health and other misfortunes”都属于“打击”的范畴。
16．A.consults B．ignores
C．praises D．follows
解析：选B　根据本句中的“He eats junk food，avoids exercise”可知，悲观主义者吃垃圾食品、避免运动，这些都是消极面对生活的表现，由此可以推断他们对医生(的建议)也不重视。ignore意为“忽视”，符合语境。
17．A.result B．option
C．mix D．image
解析：选C　根据语境，尤其是下文中的“but are in favor of one direction or the other”可知，大部分人身上既有乐观主义也有悲观主义，即大部分人是两种情感的综合体。mix意为“混合，混合体”，符合语境。
18．A.thinking B．behavior
C．expression D．complaining
解析：选A　无论是乐观主义还是悲观主义，都与人的思维有关。thinking意为“思维，思考”，符合语境。第一段中“positive thinking”亦是重要提示。
19．A.pressures B．favours
C．criticisms D．encouragements
解析：选D　下文中的“negative statements”和“positive ones”相对立，故本空所填词的语义要与上文的“cautions”的语义相对应，caution意为“警告”，与之相对应的是encouragement“鼓励”。
20．A.develop B．assess
C．break D understand
解析：选C　根据语境，尤其是上文的“a hard habit”和下文的“but it can be done”可知，悲观主义的思维习惯虽然很难被改掉，但是还是可以做到的。break a habit意为“改掉习惯”。
C
(2017·南京、盐城、连云港高三二模)Order is the best manager of time. It illustrates many subjects. Thus, obedience to the natural law is order. Virtue is order. The world began with it. __1__ was once common before its establishment.
The merchant, the clerk and the laborer are all of the same __2__， born with the same expectations and affected by similar influences. They are, it is __3__， born in different positions, but it __4__ with themselves whether they shall live nobly or evilly. They may not have their choice of riches or poverty, but they have their __5__ of being good or evil.
People of the highest position, __6__ culture and education, have often as great hardships as the common people. They have to make their incomes go much further. They have to __7__ their social status. __8__their incomes may be less satisfactory, they are desperate to __9__ and bring the children up as gentlemen.
Hume, a famous historian, was a man of good family but his __10__were very small when he was young. In his autobiography, he uses his own case as a(n) __11__ of the advantages of frugality (节省). Despite a considerable debt, his mother, a widow, __12__ met the difficulties and eventually overcame them. Though her income was less than that of many highly paid men, she educated her children well and brought them up __13__.
Hume says, “While studying in France, I __14__ a plan of life which I have steadily and successfully pursued. I determined to make a __15__ frugality supply my shortage of fortunes and to __16__ my independence.” At thirty­six he thought himself rich. These are his own words: “My appointments, with my frugality, had helped me reach a fortune which made me __17__.”
Goethe says, “It doesn't matter within what circle an honest man acts, provided he knows how to __18__ that circle.” “What is the best government？” Goethe asks. “That which teaches us to __19__ ourselves! Let every one only do the right in his place, without __20__ himself about the confusion of the world.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。社会上的每个人，不分贵贱，都应该严格遵守秩序，并用它来约束自己。
1．A.Chaos B．Offence
C．Punishment D．Condemnation
解析：选A　在秩序建立之前，混乱一度是司空见惯的事情。chaos“混乱”；offence“冒犯”；punishment“惩罚”；condemnation“谴责”。Chaos和上文的Order (秩序)对应。
2．A.origin B．race
C．nature D．interest
解析：选C　of the same nature“具有相同的特征”，符合题意。nature“特征，本质”；origin“起源，出身”；race“种族”；interest“兴趣”。
3．A.hopeful B．strange
C．vital D．true
解析：选D　it is true充当插入成分，表明所说的话是正确的。
4．A.agrees B．rests
C．corresponds D．conflicts
解析：选B　但生活得高贵还是邪恶取决于他们自己。rest with“取决于”，符合语境。agree with“和……一致，同意，适合”；correspond with“与某人通信，和……一致”；conflict with“与……冲突”。
5．A.idea B．option
C．freedom D．intention
解析：选B　option和上文的choice相对应。idea“想法”；option“选择”；freedom“自由”；intention“意图”。
6．A.in defence of B．in course of
C．in anticipation of D．in respect of
解析：选D　在文化和教育方面职位最高的人和普通人所经历的困难通常一样。in respect of“关于”，符合语境。in defence of“为了捍卫”；in course of“在……的过程中”；in anticipation of“期待”。
7．A.give up B．depend on
C．look for D．keep up
解析：选D　他们得保持他们的社会地位。give up“放弃”；depend on“依赖”；look for“寻找”；keep up“保持，维持”。
8．A.Since B．Though
C．Unless D．When
解析：选B　尽管(Though)他们的收入可能不是很令人满意，但他们一心要教育(educate)好他们的孩子，把他们培养成绅士。
9．A.educate B．encourage
C．blame D．spoil
解析：选A　参见上题解析。educate(教育)和bring up(培养)对应。spoil“宠坏”。
10．A.ambitions B．achievements
C．means D．contributions
解析：选C　但他年轻的时候财富少得可怜。ambition“抱负”；achievement “成就”；means“金钱，财富”；contribution“贡献”。下文的“Despite a considerable debt” “her income was less than ...”是提示。
11．A.assurance B．consequence
C．illustration D．criterion
解析：选C　他用自己的情况作为例证来说明节约的好处。illustration“说明，例证”，符合题意。assurance“保证”；consequence“结果”；criterion“标准”。
12．A.bravely B．stubbornly
C．sharply D．tentatively
解析：选A　勇敢面对并最终克服困难。bravely“勇敢地”；stubbornly“固执地”；sharply“剧烈地”；tentatively“踌躇地”。
13．A.faithfully B．plainly
C．gratefully D．virtuously
解析：选D　她把孩子教育得很好，把他们培养成有道德的人。virtuously“有道德地，正直地”，符合题意。faithfully“忠诚地”；plainly“朴素地”；gratefully“感激地，感恩地”。
14．A.proposed B．made
C．discussed D．approved
解析：选B　make a plan“制订计划”，符合题意。
15．A.rigid B．casual
C．liberal D．flexible
解析：选A　我决心要以严格的(rigid)节俭来应付我那有限的财产，以此保持(maintain)我的独立自主。rigid“严格的”；casual“随便的”；liberal“自由的”；flexible“灵活的”。
16．A.balance B．restore
C．value D．maintain
解析：选D　参见上题解析。
17．A.attractive B．proud
C．independent D．knowledgeable
解析：选C　我的预约和节俭帮助我积累了财富，这让我能够独立。independent (独立的)和上文的independence对应。
18．A.fit in B．move in
C．end in D．engage in
解析：选A　如果他知道如何适应那个圈子。故选A。move in“搬进，搬入”；end in“以……结束”；engage in“参与”。
19．A.protect B．justify
C．govern D．display
解析：选C　(政府)教我们管好自己。protect“保护”；justify“证明……正当”；display“展示”。
20．A.questioning B．troubling
C．scolding D．abandoning
解析：选B　让每个人在他的位置上只做正确的事情，而不用担心世界的混乱。trouble oneself about“担心”。question“质疑”；scold“训斥”；abandon“抛弃”。