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外研版高考英语一轮总复习教材知识解读选择性必修第3册Unit 4 A glimpse of the future课时学案
展开三言 | 两语 |
1. I would like to give an excellent picture of my future life in ten years. 2. I'm convinced that it will be more convenient for people to do shopping online in the future. 3. To keep the feet dry and comfortable, this new kind of shoes is equipped with a microfan. | 1. 从这个故事中，我懂得了我们应该相信自己，对未来充满信心。 From the story, I have learned that we should believe in ourselves and be confident in our future. 2. 作为一名学生，你应该储备尽可能多的知识以备未来建设国家之用。 As a student, you should have as much knowledge as possible in store for the future use in building our country. |
核心单词 | [默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词 1. artificial adj. 人造的，人工的 2. victim n. 受害者 3. capacity n. 能力，才能 4. immoral adj. 不道德的，道德败坏的 5. cycle n. 自行车 6. cell n. 细胞 7. bound adj. 可能的 8. clue n. 线索，提示 9. consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的 10. client n. 客户，客人，顾客 11. cite v. 引用，引述 |
核心单词 | [语境运用]根据汉语提示写出单词 1. (2020·浙江卷)New power machinery and artificial (人造的) fertilizers have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age. 2. It is reported that the victims (受害者) are desperate for food and water. 3. There is nothing immoral (不道德的) to want to earn more money to live a happier life. 4. The results are entirely consistent (一致的) with earlier research, which makes the scientist happy. 5. This cell (细胞) can only be an effective barrier if there's no way to get past it. 6. The only clue (线索) he has is a fossil. 7. We supply the travel ticket for you and your cycle (自行车). |
拓展单词 | [词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式 1. assistant n. 助手，助理→assistance n. 帮助→assist v. 帮助 2. potentially adv. 潜在地→potential adj. 潜在的 n. 潜力 3. illegal adj. 非法的，违法的→legal adj. 合法的 4. assess v. 评价，评定→assessment n. 评价 5. demand n. 需要，需求→demanding adj. 要求高的；费力的 6. mechanical adj. 机械的→mechanic n. 技工，机修工 7. tightly adv. 紧紧地→tight adj. 紧的→tighten v. 加强；拧紧 8. desperate adj. 拼命的，绝望的→desperately adv. 绝望地，拼命地 9. faulty adj. 有故障的，有缺陷的→fault n. 责任；过错 |
拓展单词 | [语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空 1. As an assistant, she always assists the manager in dealing with problems. So the manager thinks highly of her assistance．(assist) 2. The man in the river desperately tried to reach the side. The situation was desperate but not hopeless.(desperate) 3. There is little assessment of the damage to the natural environment. That is to say, it's difficult to assess the damage to the natural environment.(assess) 4. The conductor said, “Please tighten your belt tightly．”(tight) |
阅读单词 | 【教师用书独具】 1. humanity n. 人类 2. susceptible adj. 易受影响的 3. automation n. 自动化 4. leap n. 剧变 5. regulate v. 控制，管理 6. horizon n. 地平线 7. reckon v. 认为，以为 8. crater n. (物体坠落、炸弹爆炸等在地上造成的)坑 9. agile adj. 敏捷的，灵活的 10. slope v. 倾斜，成斜坡 11. hop n. 跳跃 12. squeak v. 发出吱吱声 13. tendon n. 腱 14. wavelength n. 波长 15. imitation n. 仿制品 16. mutt n. 杂种狗 17. frown v. 皱眉 18. positronic adj. 正电子的 |
熟词生义 | 1. (2016·北京卷)If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behaviour and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.校正 2. As your horizons expand, these new ideas can give a whole new meaning to life.眼界 3. The victim had made a desperate attempt to escape.孤注一掷的 |
高频短语 | 短语应用 |
1. come true 实现 2. used to 过去常常 3. thanks to 多亏，幸亏 4. sooner or later 迟早 5. change one's mind 改变主意 6. on sale 出售，贱卖 7. be bound to 很有可能，肯定会 8. be concerned about 担心…… 9. in contrast 相比之下 10. in the long run 从长远来看 11. bank on 指望，依赖 12. on the whole 总的来说，总之 | [语境运用1]填入一个适当的词 1. Confucius said, “If three men are walking together, one of them is bound to be good enough to be my teacher.” 2. In the long run, it makes sense for you to settle down and find a permanent job. 3. In contrast, the lives of girls in welltodo families were often very sheltered. 4. Banks may be failing, but the world's bottom billion can bank on us. 5. You should tell your parents that you're fine, otherwise, they would be concerned about you. [语境运用2]填入一个适当的词 Li Hua used 1. to dream of being admitted to Tsinghua University and he always believed his dream would come 2. true sooner 3. or later. He never changed 4. his mind. Thanks 5. to his teachers' help, he entered Tsinghua University at last. He is so excited that he can't hold back his happy tears. |
教材原句背诵 | 句式仿写应用 |
1. get＋宾语＋宾语补足语 Thanks to AI, I've got my own supersmart personal assistant built into my phone. | 在自驾游之前，我们应先去检查一下车。 We should get our car examined before we begin our selfdriving travel. |
2. When it comes to... I think it's also fair to say that we can get our hopes up when it comes to finding cures for serious diseases, such as cancer. | 谈到网购时，大家一致认为由于其方便且服务好，它越来越流行了。 When it comes to online shopping, there's now an agreement that it has gained popularity due to its convenience and excellent service. |
3. while 的用法 But while superintelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands, it could also be the most dangerous. | 尽管旅游能够增长见识，但我认为在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱不是一个好主意。 While travelling can broaden your mind, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. |
4. though引导让步状语从句 Jimmy, expert though he was, couldn't outrace Robutt，who didn't need a spacesuit, and had four legs and tendons of steel. | 尽管他还是个孩子，但是他对天文学了解很多。 Child though he is, he knows much about astronomy. |
1. capacity n. 能力，才能
(1)have the capacity to do/of doing/for doing sth. 有做某事的能力
(2)capable adj. 有能力的，有才干的
be capable to do/of doing... 能做……
[词块]
recognition capability 识别能力，辨识能力
innovation capability 创新能力
——单句语法填空
①She was capable of taking (take) care of herself.
②He has the capability to do (do) the job well.
——完成句子
③This person has the capacity to give/of giving something that other people want.
这个人有能力给予其他人想要的东西。
2. illegal adj. 非法的，违法的
(1)It is illegal to do... 做……是非法的
(2)legal adj. 合法的；法律的
(3)legally adv. 法律上；合法地
[词块]
illegal immigrants 非法移民
take legal action采取法律行动
legal system 法律体系；法律制度
——单句语法填空
①It's illegal (legal) to drug horses before a race.
②Parking lot owners should be legally (legal) responsible for protecting vehicles.
——完成句子
③It is illegal to carry guns without permission.
未经许可携带枪械是违法的。
④If you don't pay up, I'll take legal action．
如果你不偿还欠款，我将采取法律行动。
3. demand n. & v. 需要，需求，要求
(1)in (great) demand 有(很大)需求；广受欢迎
meet/satisfy one's demand(s) 满足某人的需求
(2)demand sth. of/from sb. 要求某人某事
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人做某事
(3)demanding adj. 苛求的；费力的
demand之后直接跟不定式，不能说demand sb.to do sth.。类似用法的动词有hope, refuse, agree等。
[词块]
demand to know the truth 要求了解真相
a demand for higher wages 加薪的要求
try our best to satisfy the customers' demand 我们尽力满足顾客的需求
——单句语法填空
①(2020·浙江卷)Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding (demand) jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.
②The boss demanded that everyone (should) attend (attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow.
③The teacher came to the classroom and demanded to be told (tell) what was going on just now.
——词汇升级
(普通表达)Mo Yan's novels are needed greatly in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
④(高级表达)Mo Yan's novels are in great demand in this city since he won the Nobel Prize for Literature.
4. desperate adj. 拼命的，绝望的
(1)be desperate for sth. 极想要某物，渴望得到某物
be desperate to do sth. 极想做某事
(2)desperation n. 绝望
in desperation 绝望地
[词块]
desperate situations 绝境之中
Desperate Wives 《绝望的主妇》
the feeling of desperation and helplessness绝望感和无助感
——单句语法填空
①In desperation (desperate), he called Louise and asked her for help.
②The man lost in the desert was desperate for water.
③He is desperate to pass (pass) the entrance exam.
——词汇升级
(普通表达)They'd been married nearly four years and June was eager to have a baby.
④(高级表达)They'd been married nearly four years and June was desperate to have a baby.
5. consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的
(1)be consistent in... 与……一致
(2)consist v. 由……组成，由……构成；在于；符合
consist of.../be made up of/be composed of 由……组成
consist in (＝lie in) 在于
consist with... 与……一致
consist of 为及物动词短语，没有被动语态，也不用于进行时态。
[词块]
consistent stand 一贯立场
the most consistent player 最稳定的球员
——单句语法填空
①What he has said doesn't consist with what he has done.
②The atmosphere consists of more than 70% of nitrogen (氮)．
③New goals are not always consistent (consist) with the existing policies.
④Coal consisting (consist) mostly of carbon is the main energy today.
⑤Life consists (consist) of not only sunshine but also hard times.
⑥Success consists in the ability to continue efforts through failures.
——一句多译
由5家小工厂组成的这家公司正面临着严重的财政危机。
⑦The company that/which consists of/is made up of 5 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(定语从句)
⑧The company consisting of 5 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(现在分词短语作定语)
⑨The company made up of 5 small factories is facing a serious financial crisis.(过去分词短语作定语)
6. on the whole 总的来说，总之
as a whole 作为整体，总体上；整体看来
the whole of 整个……
[联想]“总而言之”的其他表达：
①all in all ②in a word ③to sum up
④in brief/short ⑤in a nutshell
⑥in conclusion ⑦to conclude
——单句语法填空
①On the whole, I'm in favour of the proposal.
②The population as a whole is/are in favour of the reform.
——翻译句子
总的来说，你所说的与书上答案一致。
③On the whole, what you said agreed with the answer on the book.
7. while的用法
(教材原文)But while superintelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands, it could also be the most dangerous.
但是，尽管超级人工智能可能是人类历史上最大的飞跃，但如果它出了错，或者落入了坏人的手中，也可能是最危险的。
句中while是从属连词，引导让步状语从句，在主句中含有if引导的条件状语从句。
(1)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”。
(2)while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，一般放在句首，相当于although。
(3)while作并列连词，意为“但是，然而”，表示一种对比关系。
(4)while用作名词，表示“一会儿”。常见短语：after a while 过了一会儿；in a short while 一会儿以后；once in a while 偶尔，间或。
作“然而”讲时，while不能放在句子前面。while和but有所不同，while表示对比，but表示转折。
[金句]It is said that body language accounts for 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.
据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你所说的话只占7%。
——单句语法填空
①He arrived while we were having dinner so he waited for a while.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)While/Although/Though the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.
——句式升级
(普通表达)(2019·北京卷)On the farm, we helped pick watermelons.While we were working, I realised how hard it was to work in the fields in the hot sun.
③(高级表达)On the farm, we helped pick watermelons. While working, I realised how hard it was to work in the fields in the hot sun．(状语从句的省略)
8. though引导让步状语从句
(教材原文)Jimmy, expert though he was, couldn't outrace Robutt, who didn't need a spacesuit...
吉米虽然很熟练，但他超过不了罗布，罗布不需要宇航服……
though“尽管，虽然”，其引导的让步状语从句可以用陈述语序，也可以用倒装语序。用倒装语序时，其结构：
(1)单数可数名词(无冠词)/形容词＋as/though＋主语＋be＋其他成分
(2)动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋助动词/情态动词＋其他成分
(3)副词＋as/though＋主语＋谓语动词＋其他成分
——单句语法填空
①Try as/though you may, you won't be able to persuade him.
②Child as/though he is, he likes to be treated like an adult.
——句式升级
(普通表达)Although they tried hard, they couldn't make her change her mind.
③(高级表达)Hard as/though they tried, they couldn't make her change her mind.(倒装句)
用所给词的正确形式填空
1. With the assistance (assistant) of his brother, he sold one painting.
2. I'm quite pleased that we do have the capacity (capable) to produce that much food.
3. Her teachers demanded that she (should) wear (wear) longer skirts.
4. Do you believe that art consists (consistent) in the imitation and study of nature?
5. He fell into desperation (desperate) on hearing the gloomy news.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
6. While modelling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.
7. It is illegal to drive a car without a driver's license.
8. While I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones.
9. The player was desperate for the gold medal, but he failed.
10. Much though/as I admire her, I cannot excuse her faults.
查缺补漏
11. The child fell victim to her parents' unhappy marriage.
12. Under the new regulations (regulate), this is allowed.
13. Every man, woman, and child needs (need) love.
14. I can't tell you how much the precious painting is worth, but it is roughly assessed at 100 million yuan.
15. We are bound for Beijing next week.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
During an interview, Professor Hawking warned that AI will soon reach a level 1. where it will be “a new form of life that will perform 2. better (well) than humans”. Professor Hawking even went so far as to say that AI may replace humans altogether, 3. but he didn't state exactly a timeline for his forecast. He said, “I fear that AI may replace humans altogether. If people design computer viruses, someone will design AI that improves and copies 4. itself (it). This will be a new form of life that outperforms humans.”
During 5. the interview, Professor Hawking also urged more people to take an interest in science, 6. saying (say) that there would be “serious consequences” if this didn't happen. He said that a new space programme should 7. be developed (develop), adding humans may have to turn to other suitable planets for habitation 8. eventually (eventual). He said, “I believe we have reached the point of no return. Our Earth is becoming too small for us, global population is increasing at a 9. surprising (surprise) rate and we are in danger of selfdestructing.”
This isn't the first time that Hawking 10. has expressed (express) fears about the rise of AI. In October 2016, he warned that artificial intelligence could develop a will of its own that is in conflict with that of humanity.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①我认为将来的生活充满希望。
I reckon the life in the future is promising.
②到那时，人工智能会使我们的生活更便捷。
By that time artificial intelligence will make our life more convenient.
③人们将不再担心缺乏能源，因为我们将会主要依赖太阳能及风能。
People will not worry about lacking energy any longer because we will mainly reckon on solar and wind energy.
④家家都有机器人。
There will be robots in every family.
⑤机器人可以帮助人们打扫房间、做饭、照看孩子等。
They can assist people to sweep up the houses, cook meals, look after the babies and so on.
⑥这就是我们未来的生活。
This is what our life will be like in the future.
⑦尽管有困难，但是这样的生活很有可能成为现实。
While there are lots of difficulties, the life is bound to come true.
2. 升级平淡句
用非限制性定语从句合并句④⑤
There will be robots in every family, which can assist people to sweep up the houses, cook meals, look after the babies and so on.
3. 衔接成美文
I reckon the life in the future is promising. By that time artificial intelligence will make our life more convenient. People will not worry about lacking energy any longer because we will mainly reckon on solar and wind energy. Besides, there will be robots in every family, which can assist people to sweep up the houses, cook meals, look after the babies and so on. This is what our life will be like in the future. While there are lots of difficulties, the life is bound to come true.
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