2021-2022学年福建省三明市高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年福建省三明市高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题含解析，共29页。试卷主要包含了 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

三明市2021—2022学年第二学期普通高中期末质量检测
高二英语
本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What is the woman?
A. A student. B. A secretary, C. A teacher.
2. What does the woman say about Tom?
A. He is clever. B. He works hard. C. He is popular.
3. What does the woman think of computer science?
A. Easy. B. Difficult. C. Rewarding.
4. How will the man go to the airport tomorrow?
A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By car.
5. Where will the woman be tonight?
A. At a party. B. In a theater. C. In the man’s home.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman think of her performance in her English test?
A. Very good. B. Just so-so. C. Terrible.
7. How long will tomorrow’s Chinese test last?
A. One and a half hours. B. Two hours. C. Two and a half hours.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. How does the woman feel now?
A. Sleepy. B. Hungry. C. Thirsty.
9. What did the man do this afternoon?
A. He played volleyball. B. He cleaned the garden. C. He visited Lily and Ann.
10. What will the man do next?
A. Go to the store. B. Take a shower. C. Drink juice.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Who does the man choose a present for?
A. His daughter. B. His wife. C. His mother.
12. What birthday present does the man usually give?
A. Necklaces. B. Dresses. C. Flowers.
13. How much should the man pay at last?
A. 800 yuan. B. 640 yuan. C. 160 yuan.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What season is it?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn.
15. Where does the man work now?
A. At a bank. B. At a radio station. C. At a sports club.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. Strangers. C. Schoolmates.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What do the local stores provide?
A Funny stories. B. Service information. C. Entertainment news.
18. What is the most important to know when you look for a job?
A. What job is easy. B. What job pays the most. C. What job you want to do.
19. What is the first step for Miller’s company to help job seekers?
A. Reset specific goals. B. Provide rich resources. C. Identify their strengths.
20. How many ways to find a job does the speaker mention?
A. Five. B. Four. C. Three.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。.
A
World Book Day is an annual event organized by the UNESCO to promote reading, publishing and copyright. As this year’s day for knowledge is coming, let’s take a look at the world’s fascinating libraries and enjoy the fun of reading.
Library of Alexandria
The Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Egypt, is one of the largest and most significant libraries of the ancient world. The library, destroyed in 415 AD and rebuilt in 2002, is not only a library, but also a museum and scientific research institution. It's also called the Egyptian cultural center and a lighthouse of thought, culture and science.
Mazarin Library
Mazarin Library is located within the Institute of France, on the left bank of Seine in Paris. Created in the 17th century, it has one of the richest collections of rare books and documents in modem France, and is the oldest public library in the country.
National Library of Indonesia
The Indonesian National Library, located in Jakarta, Indonesian, has the most complete collection of publications in the country, recording the information of Indonesia in various times. Documents written on leaves, bark, bamboo and Indonesian native paper are some of the rare items kept in the collection.
Stuttgart City Library
Stuttgart City Library is a cube outside with a hollow design inside. The hollow part is connected with misplaced stairs to create a unique sense of space. Since its completion in 2011, it has become a local cultural and architectural card.
1. What’s special about Library of Alexandria?
A. It was built in 2002. B. It holds the largest books.
C. It offers multiple functions. D. It has an Egyptian lighthouse.
2. What do Mazarin Library and National Library of Indonesia have in common?
A. Oldest publications. B. Rare documents.
C. Richest leaves. D. Valuable books.
3. Which library most attracts those who are interested in architecture?
A. Library of Alexandria. B. Mazarin Library.
C. National Library of Indonesia. D. Stuttgart City Library.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上一些极有吸引力的图书馆。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Library of Alexandria部分“The library, destroyed in 415 AD and rebuilt in 2002, is not only a library, but also a museum and scientific research institution.(这座图书馆于公元415年被毁，2002年重建，它不仅一座图书馆，还是一座博物馆和科学研究机构)”可知，亚历山大图书馆具有多种功能。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mazarin Library部分“Created in the 17th century, it has one of the richest collections of rare books and documents in modem France, and is the oldest public library in the county.(创建于17世纪，它拥有现代法国最丰富的珍藏书籍和文献之一，是该国最古老的公共图书馆)”以及National Library of Indonesia部分“Documents written on leaves, bark, bamboo and Indonesian native paper are some of the rare items kept in the collection.(在树叶、树皮、竹子和印尼本地纸上书写的文件是收藏中的一些珍贵物品)”可知，马扎林图书馆和印尼国家图书馆都藏有珍贵的文件。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Stuttgart City Library部分“Stuttgart City Library is a cube outside with a hollow design inside. The hollow part is connected with misplaced stairs to create a unique sense of space. Since its completion in 2011, it has become a local cultural and architectural card.(斯图加特市图书馆外面是一个立方体，里面是空心设计。空心部分与错位的楼梯相连，创造出独特的空间感。自2011年竣工以来，它已成为当地的文化和建筑名片)”可知，斯图加特市图书馆的建筑极具特色，最吸引对建筑感兴趣的人。故选D项。
B
I am not a typical graduate student. As an engineer, I have designed electronic control systems for more than 30 years, and I had expected to do so until I retired.
My wife is a scientist at the Australian National University (ANU). One year, I accompanied her to a scientific conference. Jochen Zeil, a professor at the ANU who studies animal behavior, captured my interest.
At lunchtime, Zeil and I had a long and very enjoyable discussion about his idea on the fundamentals of insect vision. When we parted, I joked that if he wanted another PhD student, he could count me in. About a month later he emailed me, “Haven’t heard from you Have you enrolled yet?” And that’s how, at the age of 53, I became a part-time doctoral student in biology at the ANU.
My background in biology was decades ago, so I needed to learn the basics fast. Diving into textbooks, I went through an intense “undergraduate course” in my spare time. After a while, I managed to follow the papers I read. But the more I learnt, the more I realized how little I knew. Every paper aroused my interest to read more. It was tiring, and at times frustrating, but fun. I read, and read, and thought, and suddenly things fell into place. Still, being a part-time graduate student wasn’t easy. I forgot the meaning of “spare time” for a while. Now, at the age of 61, my PhD is nearly at an end in itself.
New knowledge enriches you, regardless of how old you are. If you have the opportunity to dive into a new field, just take it.
4. What motivated the author to study biology at the ANU?
A. His passion for engineering. B. His curiosity about Zeil’s idea.
C. His wife’s suggestion. D. His job’s requirement.
5. How did Zeil react to the author’s joke about being a PhD student?
A. He laughed at him. B. He ignored his words.
C. He felt satisfied. D. He took it seriously.
6. Which of the following best describes the author’s life at the ANU?
A. Exhausting but enjoyable. B. Frustrating and worthless.
C. Tiring but promising. D. Happy and relaxing.
7. Which proverb can be the best summary of the text?
A. Never too old to learn. B. Every minute counts.
C. Practice makes perfect. D. Experience must be bought.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对于生物学感兴趣，在53岁时成为了澳大利亚国立大学生物学的兼职博士生，努力学习生物学的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Jochen Zeil, a professor at the ANU who studies animal behavior, captured my interest.(澳大利亚国立大学研究动物行为的教授约琴·泽尔引起了我的兴趣)”以及第三段“At lunchtime, Zeil and I had a long and very enjoyable discussion about his idea on the fundamentals of insect vision. When we parted, I joked that if he wanted another PhD student, he could count me in.(午餐时间，泽尔和我就他关于昆虫视觉基本原理的想法进行了长时间、非常愉快的讨论。当我们分开时，我开玩笑说，如果他想要另一个博士生，他可以把我算在内)”可知，作者对泽尔的想法好奇，这促使作者在澳大利亚国立大学学习生物学。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“When we parted, I joked that if he wanted another PhD student, he could count me in. About a month later he emailed me, “Haven’t heard from you Have you enrolled yet?”(当我们分开时，我开玩笑说，如果他想要另一个博士生，他可以把我算在内。大约一个月后，他发邮件给我，“还没收到你的来信，你报名了吗？”)”可知，作者开玩笑想要成为生物学博士生，泽尔认真对待此事，并且发邮件询问作者有没有报名。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But the more I learnt, the more I realized how little I knew. Every paper aroused my interest to read more. It was tiring, and at times frustrating, but fun.(但我学到的越多，我就越意识到我知道的是多么少。每一篇论文都激起了我阅读更多的兴趣。这很累，有时令人沮丧，但很有趣)”可知，作者在澳大利亚国立大学的生活是令人筋疲力尽但是令人愉快的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“And that’s how, at the age of 53, I became a part-time doctoral student in biology at the ANU.(这就是为什么，在53岁的时候，我成为了澳大利亚国立大学生物学的兼职博士生)”、第四段“Now, at the age of 61, my PhD is nearly at an end in itself.(现在，在我61岁的时候，我的博士学位就快要结束了)”以及最后一段“New knowledge enriches you, regardless of how old you are. If you have the opportunity to dive into a new field, just take it.(无论你多大年纪，新的知识都会使你充实。如果你有机会进入一个新领域，就抓住它)”可知，本文讲述了作者在53岁时成为了澳大利亚国立大学生物学的兼职博士生，努力学习生物学的故事，“活到老学到老”这句谚语是对文章最好的总结。故选A项。
C
Robots have always imitated (模仿) life. Social androids powered by artificial intelligence have now reached a level where they may be ready to wok in shops, airports, and care hones. But an entirely new class of robots is being developed that can grow, evolve, and even reproduce.
Growth is a new frontier in robotics. Stanford University’s root robot is a plastic tubular (管状的) robot that grows by unfolding from the inside as air is pumped into it. The soft body can move over rough or sticky surfaces, grow to 100 times its original length, and squeeze through gaps one-quarter of its size. Root robots can twist and turn in any direction to move through tight spaces. Its designers say the robot could be used to detect people and deliver equipment inside collapsed buildings.
Reproduction and evolution were actually used in an earlier experiment in 2015. European scientists built a computerized “mother” robotic am that assembled smaller robots. Each generation that the system built became progressively better at moving. Baby robots were glued together by the mother robot in different ways, so they could move further than the generation before.
It was a major milestone in robot learning and was used as inspiration for robotic evolution projects at the UK York Robotics Laboratory, Robot bodies there are 3D printed and then fitted, using a computerized arm, with sensors and other components. Designs are tested in a mock-up (实物模型) of a nuclear reactor, where robots must clear radioactive waste. Each robot is scored on its success at the task, and the computer then chooses which robots are allowed to reproduce. What form that robot life takes depends entirely on its success.
Researchers say their system could operate entirely by itself. But future evolutionary robot systems would likely need a kill switch to stop the system from running out of control and harming humans or the environment.
8. What is the feature of the root robot?
A. Flexible. B. Rough. C. Sticky. D. Tight.
9. Which robots are entitled to reproduction?
A. The ones clearing waste. B. The ones printed by a computer.
C. The ones fitted with sensors. D. The ones performing well at the task.
10. Why is a kill switch needed for future evolutionary robot systems?
A. For test. B. For environment. C. For safety. D. For replacement.
11. What is probably the best title for the text?
A. Future Androids Change Human’s Life
B. Robots Reproduce to Meet Human’s Demand
C. New Androids are Widely Used in Different Areas
D. Robots Imitate Life to Create Better Versions of Themselves
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种全新的机器人正在被开发，它可以生长、进化甚至复制。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Stanford University’s root robot is a plastic tubular robot that grows by unfolding from the inside as air is pumped into it. The soft body can move over rough or sticky surfaces, grow to 100 times its original length, and squeeze through gaps one-quarter of its size. Root robots can twist and turn in any direction to move through tight spaces.(斯坦福大学的root机器人是一种塑料管状机器人，当空气被泵入时，它从内部展开生长。软体可以在粗糙或粘性表面上移动，增长到其原始长度的100倍，并通过其大小的四分之一的间隙挤压。root机器人可以在任何方向扭曲和旋转，以通过狭小的空间)”可知，root机器人的特点是非常灵活。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Each robot is scored on its success at the task, and the computer then chooses which robots are allowed to reproduce.(每个机器人都会根据其在任务中的成功程度进行评分，然后计算机选择允许哪些机器人复制)”可知，机器人会根据其在任务中的成功程度进行评分，分数高，即表现良好的机器人可以复制。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But future evolutionary robot systems would likely need a kill switch to stop the system from running out of control and harming humans or the environment.(但未来进化机器人系统可能需要一个紧急关闭按钮，以阻止系统失控并危害人类或环境)”可知，未来的进化机器人需要一个紧急关闭按钮，是为了保证人类或环境的安全。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Robots have always imitated life.(机器人总是模仿生活)”以及“But an entirely new class of robots is being developed that can grow, evolve, and even reproduce.(但一种全新的机器人正在开发中，可以生长、进化甚至复制)”以及文章内容可知，本文介绍了机器人会模仿生活，一种全新的机器人正在被开发，它可以生长、进化甚至复制，所以“机器人模仿生活来创造更好的自己”可以作为文章标题。故选D项。
D
Climate change and habitat loss from big agriculture are combining to decrease global insect populations, with each problem making the other worse, a new study finds.
While insects may bother people at times, they also are key in pollinating (授花粉) plants to feed people, making soil more fertile. Scientists have noticed a dramatic drop both in total insect numbers and diversity of insect species due to harmful chemicals and high pollution.
Big single-crop agriculture that leaves less habitat and leafy food for insects plus higher temperatures from climate change are huge problems for insect number drop, but a new study in the journal Nature based on more than 750,000 samples of 18,000 different species of insects says it’s not just those two threats acting on their own. The interaction between habitat loss and climate change does smash insect populations.
“In his case, the habitat loss and climate change can often be worse than if they were acting on their own, as one can make the impact of the other worse and vice versa (反之亦然). We’re missing part of the picture if we are only looking at these things individually,” said Outhwaite, an ecologist at University College London. For example, single-crop agriculture often reduces tree shading, making it hotter in a given spot. On top of that comes climate change. Then insects that need heat relief or need to move north for cooler climates can run into problems with lack of proper habitat because of large farms.
What makes this study important is that it’s the first to link climate change and industrialized agriculture together in explaining harm to insects. The study used so many different samples and species around the world, which gives its findings more credibility.
12. What contributes to the drop in insect numbers?
A. Leafy plants and fertile soil. B. Less pollinated plants.
C. Habitat loss and climate change. D. Diverse chemicals.
13. What does the underlined word “smash” mean in the text?
A. Soar. B. Decrease. C. Damage. D. Increase.
14. Why does the author mention “single-crop agriculture” in paragraph 4?
A. To offer a comparison. B. To explain a theory.
C. To draw a conclusion. D. To make a prediction.
15. What does the author want to stress about his study in the last paragraph?
A. Its complex data. B. Its strict process.
C. Its special value. D. Its new application.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了气候变化和大型农业及其相互作用导致全球昆虫数量减少。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Climate change and habitat loss from big agriculture are combining to decrease global insect populations,(气候变化和大型农业造成的栖息地丧失共同导致全球昆虫数量减少)”可知，昆虫数量下降的原因是栖息地丧失和气候变化。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Big single-crop agriculture that leaves less habitat and leafy food for insects plus higher temperatures from climate change are huge problems for insect number drop, but a new study in the journal Nature based on more than 750,000 samples of 18,000 different species of insects says it’s not just those two threats acting on their own. The interaction between habitat loss and climate change does smash insect populations.(大型单一作物农业为昆虫留下更少的栖息地和多叶食物，再加上气候变化带来的高温，是昆虫数量下降的巨大问题，但《自然》杂志基于18000种不同昆虫的750000多个样本进行的一项新研究表示，这不仅仅是这两种威胁本身造成的。栖息地丧失和气候变化之间的相互作用确实smash了昆虫种群)”可知，栖息地丧失和气候变化本身以及相互作用都导致了昆虫数量的减少，推测划线单词表示“摧毁，使减少”，与decrease同义。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“For example, single-crop agriculture often reduces tree shading, making it hotter in a given spot. On top of that comes climate change. Then insects that need heat relief or need to move north for cooler climates can run into problems with lack of proper habitat because of large farms.(例如，单一作物农业通常会减少树木的遮荫，使特定地点的温度更高。在上方出现气候变化。然后，需要散热或需要向北移动以获得凉爽气候的昆虫可能会因为大型农场而遇到缺乏适当栖息地的问题)”可知，作者以单一作物农业为例，解释了栖息地丧失与气候变化相互作用对昆虫数量影响更大这一理论。故选B项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“What makes this study important is that it’s the first to link climate change and industrialized agriculture together in explaining harm to insects. (这项研究之所以重要，是因为它首次将气候变化和工业化农业联系起来解释对于昆虫的危害)”可知，最后一段说明研究将气候变化和工业化农业联系起来解释其对于昆虫的危害，作者强调了研究具备的价值。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fueling tourism recovery with micro tours
The concept of “micro-tourism” or “micro-vacation”, which comes from the tourism industry, may not be new and seems to have become a trend in recent years.
____16____ It is characterized by short-distance travel, usually on weekends or during short holidays. In contrast to a proper vacation, which usually involves detailed planning, much longer travel time, higher expenses, and extends over a week or more, micro-vacation needs little planning and time, and is less expensive. ____17____ It’s usually a family seeking quality time and comfort together, and the choice of location more flexible.
Micro-tourism began catching on seven or eight years ago. It has become increasingly popular since the COVID-19 outbreak. ____18____ Therefore, more and more people, especially those living in large and medium-sized cities, go on short vacations for relaxation.
Local tours, short-distance leisure tours have been fueling the tourism industry’s recovery. Adapting to these new trends, destinations around cities, parks and campsites are offering new, specialized facilities and services. Homestays, parental hotels and handicraft workshops are also becoming popular. ____19____ The internet is strikingly full of innovative short videos on camping. And camping equipment is selling well, and it’s hard to get camping sites in country parks.
____20____. Those include advice on how to improve industry standards, safety management, environmental protection, emergency rescue services and anti-pandemic measures. If these issues are properly addressed, micro-tourism will drive the recovery of the tourism.
A. What’s the feature of micro-tourism?
B. Micro-tourism holds huge potential for development.
C. Also, a micro-tourism travel group is relatively small.
D. Short videos have been promoting new tourism projects.
E. The chances of infection are higher during long-distance travel.
F. To activate micro tourism, more government guidelines are needed.
G. In the new trends, the boost of the camping market is literally noticeable.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. E 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这一篇说明文。主要介绍了微旅游，它正在推动旅游业复苏。
【16题详解】
下文“It is characterized by short-distance travel, usually on weekends or during short holidays.(它的特点是短途旅行，通常在周末或短假期)”说明微旅游的特点，A项“微旅游的特点是什么？”提出问题，引出下文的答案，符合题意。故选A。
【17题详解】
下文“It’s usually a family seeking quality time and comfort together, and the choice of location more flexible.(这通常是一个家庭在一起寻求黄金时间和舒适，并且地点的选择更灵活)”说明微旅游适合一个家庭在一起进行，C项“此外，一个微旅游团体相对较小。”引出下文，说明微旅游适合一个家庭这样的团体进行，符合题意。故选C。
【18题详解】
上文“It has become increasingly popular since the COVID-19 outbreak.(自2019冠状病毒疾病爆发以来，它变得越来越流行)”说明2019冠状病毒疾病爆发以来，微旅游变得越来越流行，以及下文“Therefore, more and more people, especially those living in large and medium-sized cities, go on short vacations for relaxation.(因此，越来越多的人，特别是那些生活在大中城市的人，去休短假放松)”说明越来越多的人选择微旅游，去休短假放松，E项“长途旅行时感染的几率更高。”承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
【19题详解】
下文“The internet is strikingly full of innovative short videos on camping. And camping equipment is selling well, and it’s hard to get camping sites in country parks.(互联网上充斥着关于露营的创新短片。露营设备卖得很好，在郊野公园很难找到露营地)”说明露营变得更受欢迎，G项中camping 是关键词，G项“在新的趋势中，露营市场的增长是显而易见的。”引出下文，符合题意。故选G。
【20题详解】
下文“Those include advice on how to improve industry standards, safety management, environmental protection, emergency rescue services and anti-pandemic measures.(那些包括关于如何提高行业标准、安全管理、环境保护、紧急救援服务和抗流行病措施的建议)”说明一些建议被提出，F项中guidelines是关键词，表示那些指导方针，“为了激活微旅游，需要更多的政府指导方针。”引出下文，符合题意。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Years ago, Nixon, known as Mr. Sunrise, began each day from a bench with a spectacular view such as sunrise of the Florida waterfront.
One day a woman ____21____ to say hello, adding, “Everyday I come, you are here. Your ____22____ presence makes me know that everything will be OK.” At that time he decided to pay attention to the people walking past. He started ____23____ at people and striking up ____24____ with a simple “hello”. A few passers-by began joining him on the ____25____, talking about relationships career, and personal problems. “I let them know we ____26____ to each other,” Nixon ____27____.
Every morning, he will ____28____ at the waterfront for two hours. He was nicknamed Mr. Sunshine for his regular ____29____ and kind openness to listen. Whatever problem a person wants to air, Nixon lends an ear to listen ____30____. He listens to everyone without ____31____ or criticism. In other words, he just listens whenever needed.
Some people simply ____32____ to make small talk. Others simply want to sit next to someone and ____33____ the silence. “Once a guy stopped, and we stared at the water for an hour then he said thank you and left. He just wanted a/an ____34____ moment with someone around.”
Mr. Sunshine said, “Whoever stopped ____35____ my undivided attention. I wanted him to walk away knowing he wasn’t alone.”
21. A. refused B. stopped C. wanted D. needed
22. A. random B. sudden C. constant D. temporary
23. A. pointing B. smiling C. teasing D. laughing
24. A. action B. friendship C. arguments D. conversations
25. A. party B. view C. bench D. routine
26. A. matter B. belong C. tend D. turn
27. A. reminded B. argued C. discussed D. recalled
28. A. speak B. stand C. stay D. exercise
29. A. presence B. responsibility C. determination D. courage
30. A. anxiously B. patiently C. mindlessly D. gratefully
31. A. hesitation B. judgment C. permission D. comparison
32. A. come about B. drop off C. come across D. drop by
33. A. share B. break C. avoid D. forget
34. A. unforgettable B. surprising C. peaceful D. exciting
35. A. distracts B. disturbs C. suspends D. deserves
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了尼克松先生每天早上看日出，之后决定为路人倾听的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，一个女人停下来打招呼，补充道：“我每天来，你都在这里。你的持续出现让我知道一切都会好起来的。”A. refused拒绝；B. stopped停下；C. wanted想要；D. needed需要。根据下文“to say hello, adding”可知，此处表示一个女人停下来，跟尼克松说话。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你的持续出现让我知道一切都会好起来的。A. random随机的；B. sudden突然的；C. constant持续发生的；D. temporary临时的。根据上文“Years ago, Nixon, known as Mr. Sunrise, began each day from a bench with a spectacular view such as sunrise of the Florida waterfront.”可知，尼克松持续出现在长椅上。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始对人们微笑，并用简单的“你好”开始交谈。A. pointing指向；B. smiling微笑；C. teasing戏弄；D. laughing大笑。根据下文“with a simple “hello””可知，此处表示尼克松开始对人们微笑。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始对人们微笑，并用简单的“你好”开始交谈。A. action行动；B. friendship友谊；C. arguments争论；D. conversations交谈。根据下文“A few passers-by began joining him on the ____5____ , talking about relationships career, and personal problems.”可推知，此处表示尼克松用简单的“你好”开始和人交谈。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些路人开始和他一起坐在长椅上，谈论他们的关系、职业和个人问题。A. party聚会；B. view景色；C. bench长椅；D. routine常规。根据上文“began each day from a bench”可知，一些路人加入尼克松，和他一起坐在长椅上交谈。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼克松回忆道：“我让他们知道我们彼此有影响。”。A. matter有影响；B. belong属于；C. tend倾向；D. turn转。根据上文“talking about relationships career, and personal problems”以及语境可知，此处表示尼克松想让人们知道彼此有影响。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼克松回忆道：“我让他们知道我们彼此有影响。”。A. reminded提醒；B. argued争论；C. discussed讨论；D. recalled回忆。根据上文“Years ago, Nixon, known as Mr. Sunrise, began each day from a bench”可知，此处表示尼克松在回忆之前的事情。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，他都会在海滨待两个小时。A. speak说；B. stand站；C. stay待；D. exercise锻炼。根据下文“at the waterfront for two hours”可知，尼克松会在海滨待两个小时。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他有个绰号叫“阳光先生”，因为他经常出现，而且乐于倾听。A. presence出现；B. responsibility责任；C. determination决心；D. courage勇气。根据上文“Every morning, he will ____8____ at the waterfront for two hours.”可知，此处表示他出现在海滨并待在那里。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：无论一个人想提出什么问题，尼克松都会耐心倾听。A. anxiously焦虑地；B. patiently耐心地；C. mindlessly不费心思地；D. gratefully感激地。根据上文“Whatever problem a person wants to air, Nixon lends an ear to listen”可知，此处表示尼克松耐心倾听人们的问题。故选B项。
31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他倾听每个人的意见，没有任何评判或批评。A. hesitation犹豫；B. judgment评判；C. permission许可；D. comparison比较。根据下文“In other words, he just listens whenever needed.”可知，尼克松只是倾听，没有评判。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些人只是顺道来聊聊天。A. come about发生；B. drop off中途放下；C. come across偶然遇见；D. drop by顺道拜访。根据下文“to make small talk. Others simply want to sit next to someone and ____13____ the silence.”可知，此处表示一些人只是顺道来访，来聊聊天。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他人只是想坐在某人旁边，分享沉默。A. share分享；B. break打破；C. avoid避免；D. forget忘记。根据上文“Others simply want to sit next to someone”以及下文“Once a guy stopped, and we stared at the water for an hour then he said thank you and left.”可知，此处表示其他人只是想分享沉默。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他只是想和周围的人有一个平静的时刻。A. unforgettable难忘的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. peaceful平静的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文“Once a guy stopped, and we stared at the water for an hour then he said thank you and left.”可知，他只是想要一个平静的时刻。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论是谁停下来，都值得我全神贯注。A. distracts使分心；B. disturbs干扰；C. suspends暂停；D. deserves值得。根据下文“undivided attention. I wanted him to walk away knowing he wasn’t alone.”可知，尼克松表示任何停下来的人都值得他全神贯注。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题15分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hearing the news that the Shenzhou XIII manned spacecraft was about to return to Earth, Pan Xue, a Miao ethnic group girl, was excited. She had ____36____ urge to make an outer space-themed handicraft with students from a local batik (蜡染) workshop to express ____37____ (appreciate) and respect to Chinese astronauts.
In order to make a perfect handicraft, Pan spent a lot of time discussing the fabric with ____38____ (she) batik teacher to make sure the cloth would be smooth enough. After many trials and processes, they chose a ____39____ (suit) cloth to draw scores of stars on.
When making the stars, Pan painted some silver powder on the surface of woods ____40____ carved them as boats. She also used several silver bars to make ____41____ (branch) and twigs, and silver sheets to make one thousand ____42____ (hang) stars. It took them about five days ____43____ (complete) the delicate artwork, in which the tree looks dreamy against the background of the starry sky. “This tree ____44____ (name) ‘longevity tree’ in Miao culture, carrying the symbol of hope, just like China’s space industry,” said Pan, ____45____ felt proud to make a “starry sky” with Miao ethnic group’s special handicraft, which also presents Chinese culture to the world.
【答案】36. an 37. appreciation
38. her 39. suitable
40. and 41. branches
42. hanging
43. to complete
44. is named
45. who
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了苗族女孩潘雪和当地蜡染作坊的学生使用蜡染工艺制作一件以太空为主题的手工艺品，以表达对中国宇航员的欣赏和尊重。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她很想和当地蜡染作坊的学生一起制作一件以太空为主题的手工艺品，以表达对中国宇航员的欣赏和尊重。have an urge to do sth.为固定短语，表示“渴望做某事”，urge是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：她很想和当地蜡染作坊的学生一起制作一件以太空为主题的手工艺品，以表达对中国宇航员的欣赏和尊重。空处作动词express的宾语，应用名词appreciation，表示“欣赏”，符合句意。故填appreciation。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：为了制作出完美的手工艺品，潘花了很多时间和她的蜡染老师讨论布料，以确保布料足够光滑。结合语意，此处表示她的蜡染老师，空处应用形容词性物主代词her，表示“她的”。故填her。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：经过多次试验和加工，她们选择了一种合适的布在上面绘制几十颗星星。空处作定语修饰名词cloth，应用形容词suitable，表示“合适的”，符合句意。故填suitable。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：在制作星星时，潘在木头表面涂上银粉，把它们雕刻成小船。分析句子结构，painted与carved之间是并列关系，所以空处应用并列连词and。故填and。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：她还用一些银条做树枝和细枝，用银片做一千颗悬挂着的星星。空处与twigs并列，作动词make的宾语，应用名词的复数形式表示泛指。故填branches。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她还用一些银条做树枝和细枝，用银片做一千颗悬挂着的星星。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，hang与被修饰词stars之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作定语。故填hanging。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们花了大约五天的时间完成这件精致的艺术品，在繁星满天的背景下，这棵树看起来很梦幻。分析句子结构，句首的it是形式主语，空处应用不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to complete。
【44题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：“这棵树在苗族文化中被称为‘长寿树’，承载着希望的象征，就像中国的航天工业一样，”潘说，她因为用苗族特有的手工艺打造一个“星空”感到自豪，这也向世界展示了中国文化。空处为直接引语的句子，应用一般现在时，name与主语this tree之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语this tree是单数，be动词应用is。故填is named。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：“这棵树在苗族文化中被称为‘长寿树’，承载着希望的象征，就像中国的航天工业一样，”潘说，她因为用苗族特有的手工艺打造一个“星空”感到自豪，这也向世界展示了中国文化。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Pan，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导从句。故填who。
第四部分 写作（共三节，满分40分）
第一节 完成句子（共7小题，20空；每空0.5分，满分10分）
46. 今年春晚，尤其是舞蹈类节目，我特别喜欢。
I am fond of the Spring Festival Gala this year, dance programs __________ __________.
【答案】 ①. in ②. particular
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意，空处应填“尤其是”，应用介词短语in particular，符合句意。故填in particular。
47. 小女孩兴奋地说：“我将代表班级参加学校的经典诗歌诵读活动。”
“__________ __________ __________ my class, I’ll participate in the school’s Classic Poetry Recitation,” the little girl said excitedly.
【答案】 ①. On ②. behalf ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意，空处应填“代表”，应用介词短语on behalf of，其中on置于句首，首字母大写。故填On behalf of。
48. 新时代青年应该挑战自己，走出舒适区。
Youth in the new era are expected to challenge themselves and step out of their __________ __________.
【答案】 ①. comfort ②. zone
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。根据句意，空处应填“舒适区”，应用名词短语comfort zone，作介词of的宾语。故填comfort zone。
49. 中国海军护航编队即将启航前往索马里海城执行任务。
Chinese navy fleets are __________ __________ __________ Somali waters to carry out their mission.
【答案】 ①. setting ②. sail ③. for
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。根据句意，空处应填“启航前往”，应用短语set sail for，结合语意，句子表示动作即将发生，空处应用动词的ing形式，与空前的are，构成现在进行时，表示将来。故填setting sail for。
50. 我们不能把和平当成理所当然。
We can’t __________ __________ __________ __________ that our world is peaceful.
【答案】 ①. take ②. it ③. for ④. granted
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。take it for granted认为……理所当然。it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句，情态动词can’t后接动词原形。根据句意，故填①take②it③for④granted。
51. 孩子们齐声对我喊“早上好”。
I’m greeted by __________ __________ __________ “good morning” from the kids.
【答案】 ①. a ②. chorus ③. of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，空处应填“齐声说”，应用短语a chorus of，作介词by的宾语。故填a chorus of。
52. 舞蹈诗剧《只此青绿》使宋代名画《千里江山图》重获新生。
Poetic dance The Journey of a Legendary Landscape Painting __________ the milestone piece of Song Dynasty A Panorama of River and Mountains back __________ __________.
【答案】 ①. brings/brought ②. to ③. life
【解析】
【详解】考查短语，时态和主谓一致。bring...to life使……重获新生。陈述现在事实或过去事情，所以用一般现在时或一般过去时。主语Poetic dance 为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填brings/brought; to life。
第二节（满分15分）
53. 你校将举行英语演讲比赛。请你以Be Active Laborers为题，写一篇发言稿参赛，倡导大家做积极的劳动者。内容包括：
1. 劳动的意义；
2. 结合自己的经历说明劳动的益处。
注意：
1. 词数80字左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Be Active Laborers
Labor education plays an important role in cultivating students’ all-round development.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Be Active Laborers
Labor education plays an important role in cultivating students’ all-round development However, many high school students prefer to focus on academic courses. As a result, they ignore other aspects including labor practice, which is a must in body building and morality education on and off campus. Personally, I like to help my parents with housework such as mopping the floor or cleaning windows. Physical labor can not only benefit me in body building but also ease my study pressure. Plus, helping chores at home offers a chance to strengthen bonds between family members.
In short, let’s take action to be active laborers and enjoy benefits from labor practice.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生以Be Active Laborers为题，倡导大家做积极的劳动者，讲述劳动的意义并结合自身经历说明劳动的益处。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因此：as a result → as a consequence→consequently
忽视：ignore → neglect→overlook
缓解：ease→ relieve
采取措施：take action→ take measures/steps
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Personally, I like to help my parents with housework such as mopping the floor or cleaning windows. Physical labor can not only benefit me in body building but also ease my study pressure.
拓展句：Personally, I like to help my parents with housework such as mopping the floor or cleaning windows, because physical labor can not only benefit me in body building but also ease my study pressure.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As a result, they ignore other aspects including labor practice, which is a must in body building and morality education on and off campus.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Plus, helping chores at home offers a chance to strengthen bonds between family members.（运用了动名词作主语）
第三节（满分15分）
54. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Tom lived in a city with his father and his grandparents used to live far away in another city. His father would take him to his grandparents’ house during summer holidays. They would stay there for 15-20 days and then return. Tom expected this journey and loved his stay there. This continued every year.
With time, Tom grew up. He thought he was big enough to visit his grandparents alone. Finally, he made up his mind and said to his father, “Now, I am a big boy, so I can go to grandparents’ house alone. Please let me go by myself.” His father didn’t agree at first, but later he agreed on account of his insistence. Worried about his safety, his father taught him everything he needed to know to travel alone. Tom learned carefully, and promised that he would protect himself when traveling. Even so, his father still wanted to make sure of Tom’s safety in person. What he really wanted to do was to accompany his son all the way.
Day came when Tom was to leave for his grandparents’ house alone. His father came with him to see him off. Excitedly, Tom went aboard the train and was comfortably settled at his seat in the train. While waiting, his father went to the window and kept talking to him. Announcement was made for train to depart. Then, his father handed him an envelope and said “Son, if you feel afraid or scared on the way, open this and read it. It will help you to calm down. Whatever happens, I will always be there for you.”
Tom put that envelope in his pocket carefully and told his father, “I remember everything you told me. Don’t worry.” His father nodded his head saying, “I must leave now because I have work to do. I can’t stay here any longer for your departure.” Tom waved goodbye to his father, expecting the coming journey.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Train got signal to depart.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then he remembered about his father’s letter.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Train got signal to depart. Feeling delighted, Tom began his journey. At every station where train stopped, people kept coming and going. At first, he was a little excited and curious. After a while, when he saw that everyone was with someone, he soon started feeling lonely. At one station, a big man came in and sat just opposite Tom. Tom tried to sleep but couldn’t help thinking about that big stranger. After all, he was traveling alone for first time. To be honest, he got scared.
Then he remembered about his father’s letter: He took out the envelope from his pocket, opened the letter and read, “Don’t be afraid. I am here with you in the same train. Turn to me for help if necessary.” Just after reading that letter, Tom’s face lit up and all fear disappeared. Learning that he was not alone and his father would always be there for him, Tom felt relaxed and enjoyed the beautiful scenery along the way in the following trip. Indeed, children are always blessed with their parents around.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小Tom第一次独自坐火车去爷爷奶奶家过暑假的经历，表达了父母对子女的爱。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“火车收到发车信号。”以及第二段首句内容“这时他想起了父亲的信。”可知，第一段可描写Tom一个人开始火车之旅的心理变化。
②由第二段首句内容“这时他想起了父亲的信。”可知，第二段可描写Tom打开父亲的信，度过了接下来的火车之旅。
2.续写线索：Tom打算独自一人坐火车前往爷爷奶奶家——父亲非常担心，给Tom一封信，让他有问题时打开信——Tom坐上火车，开始逐渐害怕——打开信件后，Tom安然度过接下来的火车之旅
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想去做某事：try to do sth./attempt to do sth.

②消失：disappear/vanish
情绪类
①兴奋的：excited/agitated/flushed
②害怕的：scared/frightened
【点睛】【高分句型1】At every station where train stopped, people kept coming and going.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】After a while, when he saw that everyone was with someone, he soon started feeling lonely.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和that引导的宾语从句）