2021-2022学年福建省厦门市高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题（含答案）

这是一份2021-2022学年福建省厦门市高二上学期期末质量检测英语试题（含答案），共24页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15，         B， What is Lynda?等内容，欢迎下载使用。

英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. At what age did the man take up the pian?
A. 4. B. 6. C. 8.
2. Hw will the speakers g t the meeting?
A. By taxi. B. By subway. C. On ft.
3. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Strangers. B. Clleagues. C. Classmates.
4. What des the wman suggest the man d?
A. Get relaxed. B. Take sme medicine. C. Put ff the interview.
5. Hw des the man find the steak?
A. Dry. B. Cld. C. Raw.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where will the man g first?
A. T his neighbrhd. B. T a shpping mall. C. T the wman’s hme.
7. What des the wman ask the man t d?
A. Give her a lift. B. D sme shpping. C. Shw directins.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is Lynda?
A. A vide game. B. A website. C. A curse.
9. What des the wman like mst abut Lynda?
A. The lw price. B. The rapid dwnlad. C. The flexible schedule.
10. What will the man prbably d?
A. Teach an nline curse. B. Sht a film. C. Apply fr a student lan.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where did the man get his inspiratin fr the decratin?
A. Frm a designer. B. Frm his brther. C. Frm design magazines.
12. What did the man d with his ld furniture pieces?
A. He threw them away. B. He sld them. C. He repaired them.
13. Why did the wman invite the man ver this Saturday?
A. T ask him fr suggestins.
B. T have sme furniture delivered.
C. T shw the redecratin f her huse.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the main reasn fr the man’s change?
A. He had a new haircut. B. He lst sme weight. C. He switched his jb.
15. Why dcs the man speak f Pizza?
A. He was eating prly. B. He was sick f pizzas. C. He wanted t learn cking.
16. What dcs the man prbably mean in the end?
A. He wants t be away fr a while.
B. He hpes his jb wn’t affect his health.
C. He will make an appintment with a dctr.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What dcs the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. Tips t grw rses. B. Different kinds f rses. C. The ppularity f rses.
18. What is the advantage f ptted rses?
A. They can be rdered by mail.
B. Their rts can develp better.
C. They are easy t carry arund.
19. What causes unhealthy changes f clr n rse leaves?
A. Insect attack. B. T much water. C. Lack f nutritin.
20. Wh might the speaker be?
A. A fan. B. A gardener. C. A reprter.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
China Daily E-paper
It is the PDF versin f the riginal China Daily newspaper, with the same cntent and synchrnus (同步)updates. China Daily E-paper supprts page view, page dwnlad, and multi-platfrm brwsing. The E-paper is available fr PC, IOS and Andrid users.
Buying Optins:
12 Mnths/498 yuan ($81) 6 Mnths/268 yuan ($42)
1 Mnth/45 yuan ($8) Individual Issue/6 yuan ($1)
1．China Daily E-paper is ________.
A．published in the PDF versinB．issued n a weekly basis
C．specially designed fr the yuthD．available fr IOS users nly
2．What d the tw glbal E-papers have in cmmn?
A．They are bradsheet papers.B．They have the same number f pages.
C．They fcus n dmestic news.D．They cmment n significant events.
3．Which E-paper csts the least fr a 12-mnth subscriptin?
A．China Daily E-paper.B．China Daily E-paper/Yuth.
C．GLOBAL EDITION E-paper.D．Glbal Weekly E-paper.
B
Our ecnmy runs n cnsumptin, especially during the hlidays—we as cnsumers are verwhelmed by emails and ads abut the newest hliday gifts. Buying a brand new gift fr a lved ne, we may feel generus and nt feel the envirnmental impact. But with millins f peple ding the same, the resurces spent really add up.
Jurnalist Annalise Griffin recmmends peple rethink the value f gift-giving and shp in an effective ec-friendly way.
A gift desn’t have t be expensive, says Griffin. In the hliday shpping rash, it’s easy t frget why we give in the first place. She thinks it’s wise t adpt a mre pen-minded apprach. Fr instance, pack a gift bx with hmemade ckies r get the whle family in n the act f paring dwn by tie-dyeing（扎染）white clthes frm a lcal secndhand stre. They may nt be pricey but the lve behind it cunts.
As fr green shpping, Griffin practices her way f buying used items instead f new nes. She mentins several websites and nline cmmunities where peple can buy, give away r trade secndhand items. Her g-t fr shpping fr clthes and husing items include the mre familiar eBay and Pshmark. Fr vintage（复古）gds, she recmmends shpgdwill. cm.
Whether we’re making a cmmitment t cutting ut extra spending r shwing cncern fr the envirnment, it’s vital t share ur ideas with the lved nes. It may be hard t cnvince a teenager nt t buy the latest iPhne, s having these cnversatins early n can g a lng way.
4．What is the authr’s purpse f writing Paragraph 1?
A．T clarify the meaning f hliday cnsumptin.
B．T argue fr the use f emails and advertisements.
C．T raise the prblem brught by gift shpping.
D．T cmplain abut waste in ur everyday life.
5．What des the underlined phrase “paring dwn” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Reducing the expenses.B．Prtecting the envirnment.
C．Spending the hlidays.D．Sharing the husewrk.
6．Which gift is Griffin mst likely t recmmend?
A．A brand new suitcase.B．A secndhand bk.
C．An expensive vintage bag.D．An utdated iPhne.
7．What message des the authr seem t cnvey in the passage?
A．Withut gifts, withut lve.B．Great gifts always lk cheap.
C．Bargaining matters when yu shp.D．Give meaningful gifts withut buying new.
C
Leung Lng-kng, 89, might nt be a husehld name, but peple arund the wrld have admired his wrk, thanks t the award-winning film In the Md fr Lve, which features 23 clrful qipa made by Leung.
Starting t make qipa at the age f 13, Leung witnessed the gradual shift f qipa frm a dress f ethnic Manchu rigins t a Chinese fashin icn (标志). The unique dress, which used t have a straight skirt cvering a wman’s bdy, except fr her head, hands and feet, became mre frm-fitting in the 1950s after it was brught t Hng Kng by a grup f Shanghai tailrs.
The glry days f qipa in the 1950s and 60s Hng Kng faded in a time f mass prductin f ready-t-wear clthing. “Qipa used t be s ppular,” Leung says, adding that the dress was an everyday utfit (装束) amng Hng Kng wmen, frm the less well-ff t wmen at the highest levels f sciety. “Nw, nbdy is wearing them except n grand and happy ccasins.”
With less than 10 senir qipa tailrs left in Hng Kng, yung designers are trying t figure ut a way t pass n the legacy. Fashin designer Mary Yu, 41, set up her wn qipa brand in 2016. Yu says, “I fed I shuld tap int Chinese culture. After a perid f wearing Chanel all the time, there will be a day when ne lks back t traditinal Chinese culture, whse elegance has been inherited (继承) fr thusands f years. It is abut finding the stuff that exists in yur genes and suits yu best.”
In the cnstantly develping fashin industry, qipa is catching up with the times. Zippers, digital print patterns and new materials have been intrduced. Blder ideas like 3D printed qipa have als becme a reality.
8．What was Leung’s cntributin t the film?
A．He directed and starred in it.B．He made qipa fr it.
C．His name helped prmte it.D．His stry inspired it.
9．What can we learn abut qipa in its glry days?
A．It was less frm-fitting.B．It was designed fr special ccasins.
C．It was mass-prduced.D．It was ppular with different classes.
10．What des Yu value mst when designing qipa?
A．Assistance frm senir tailrs.B．Traditinal elements.
C．Cperatin with famus brands.D．latest technlgies.
11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Tailring an IcnB．Leung Lng-kng: A Mdel Craftsman
C．Rising t PpularityD．Qipa: A New Trend amng Yungsters
D
Animals perfrm tasks that their bdies are well designed fr. That’s because their intelligence evlved（进化）with their physical frm as they interacted with the envirnment. Artificial intelligence is smart as well but it desn’t have a bdy.
Agrim Gupta f Stanfrd University and his clleagues wndered: Des having bdies matter fr the evlutin f intelligence? T answer it, they created a virtual rbt named “unimal” and studied hw having virtual bdies affected the evlutin f the unimals’ intelligence.
Unimals are pretty simple with balls fr heads and cylinders fr anns and legs. The test envirnments came in three varieties: flat areas, areas filled with hills, steps and brken stnes, and areas that had the cmplexities f the secnd srt, but with added bjects that unimals need t mve t a target lcatin.
At first, the unimals were in randm shapes, but with identical sftware running them. In grups f fur, Dr Gupta put them thrugh tests f agility, stability, and ability t cntrl bjects. Then each grup’s winner was allwed t give birth t a daughter with ne mutatin（变异）, fr example, an extra leg fr stability. This daughter was sent t a new grup t be tested. The prcess repeated and the test ended after ten generatins f evlutin.
The diversity f the unimals’ shapes that evlved surprised the team. Sme had arms as well as legs while thers had nly legs. Crucially, thugh, the researchers fund the mst successful unimals, which evlved in the tughest envirnment, learned tasks faster and better than their ancestrs. This cnsists with the Baldwin effect, which suggests that minds evlve t make best use f the mrphlgies（形态）f the bdies they find themselves in.
It’s believed that the result will prvide insights fr develping rbts that can learn t perfrm multiple tasks in the real wrld.
12．What did Agrim Gupta’s team study?
A．Hw animals perfrm tasks.
B．Hw unimals are created randmly.
C．Hw animals interact with the envirnment.
D．Hw having virtual bdies influences AI evlutin.
13．What makes the third test envirnment the tughest?
A．Stnes t be picked.B．Mre steps t be cunted.
C．Objects t be mved.D．Higher hills t be climbed.
14．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．The test prcedure.B．The running sftware.
C．The unimals’ varieties.D．The winners’ mutatins.
15．Why is the Baldwin effect mentined in Paragraph 5?
A．T cmpare different discveries.
B．T explain the cncept f mrphlgy.
C．T supprt the result f Gupta’s study.
D．T intrduce a new way t develp rbts.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分〉
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Science is a mental tlbx fr slving prblems. 16 . And they are pwerful and useful in everyday life. Tday, we pen the tlbx: hw scientists think, and hw yu can brrw their tricks.
•Start with an pen mind. Being pen-minded means that when we are asked a questin, scientific thinking requires us t admit that we ften simply dn’t knw the answer. 17 . If the evidence changes and yu dn’t change yur mind, that’s nt a gd spt t be in.
•Accept uncertainty. Scientists always accept that there are things they dn’t knw, and things they simply cannt knw fr sure. 18 . It allws yu t make better decisins because yu’re taking the uncertainty int accunt. Science says it’s OK t wait fr evidence befre cming t a cnclusin.
• 19 . G and d yur research. Pull tgether all the data—stuff that agrees with yur argument and stuff that refutes（驳斥）it. Cnsider everything, rather than fcusing n a single pint. Then, fr each piece f data, cnsider the quality f the evidence.
• Develp a hypthesis（假设）. A hypthesis is a thery abut the wrld—a guess. Ask yurself: Which f my theries best explains the data I have gathered? Start with the mst likely explanatin and test it. 20 .
A．Cllect yur data
B．Fcus n yur argument
C．The tls are simpler than yu wuld think
D．Accepting yu dn’t knw things isn’t a sign f weakness
E．There is n pint in having a thery that can’t be prven false
F．It als means nt hlding n t a belief when the evidence changes
G．If yu can prve it wrng, mve n t the next mst likely explanatin
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每超所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I’ve been a vegetarian, t. Getting lder, I wnder if I ignred my parents’ 21 . After all, they are mre 22 with meals where meat is the centerpiece.
Whenever Sajan and I cme hme, my mm starts 23 ur meals weeks befre we arrive. She researches new 24 dishes and stcks up n beans and ygurt thugh she 25 bth. S ften, even thugh we’re all 26 at the table tgether, we’re eating 27 meals. I’ve never really 28 with my mm abut the fd tensin in ur relatinship. But earlier this summer, I 29 asked her abut it.
“It is smetimes a(n) 30 t ck yur fd,” she admitted. “But it is imprtant fr us t 31 yur and Sajan’s Indian vegetarian diet.”
She als had her questin, “Yu dn’t miss the 32 yu grew up with?”
I d. And I dn’t.
My mm still makes my favrite ckies. But because I’ve been away frm hme fr s lng, I’ve 33 lts f new fds, and Indian fd has becme my fd. I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking t her, I 34 I was wrng.
Lve can be shwn thrugh fd in different ways. Just make a little rm fr what ur lved nes chse t 35 .
21．A．talentsB．cmmandsC．traditinsD．effrts
22．A．cncernedB．cmfrtableC．patientD．strict
23．A．planningB．ckingC．servingD．lasting
24．A．sideB．meatC．lcalD．vegetarian
25．A．dislikesB．recmmendsC．desiresD．lses
26．A．standingB．sittingC．lyingD．kneeling
27．A．healthyB．deliciusC．differentD．heavy
28．A．talkedB．agreedC．metD．quarreled
29．A．quicklyB．graduallyC．regularlyD．finally
30．A．challengeB．adventureC．pleasureD．blessing
31．A．changeB．hnrC．balanceD．fllw
32．A．trubleB．striesC．familyD．flavrs
33．A．given awayB．left behindC．gt attached tD．fallen shrt f
34．A．frgtB．hpedC．realizedD．denied
35．A．sellB．sayC．readD．eat
第二节（共3篇，10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared 36 （disease)in the wrld, until Jhn Snw shwed hw it culd be vercme. During that time, Snw subscribed t the thery that chlera 37 (cause) by germs in water. He marked the exact places 38 all thse dead peple had lived n the map. There were multiple deaths near a water pump. Snw suspected the water pump was t blame and then he suggested 39 (remve) the handle f the pump. Thrugh this interventin, the disease was stpped.
B
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese lawmakers have vted (投票) t pass a new law n wetlands prtectin, establishing the cuntry’s first specialized law n the issue. Yang Zhaxia, 40 eclgy expert, said the significance f the new law is that it strengthens the Chinese legal system in the area f eclgy, where there were sme weaknesses. 41 is imprtant that gvernments shuld prtect wetlands thrugh varius campaigns. Educatin authrities and schls are als asked 42 (raise) students’ awareness f wetlands prtectin.
C
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games appraches, the lw-carbn trend f the event can be bserved in the reuse f sprts facilities. In the past, many sprts venues (场馆)were nt used 43 the games. T reduce waste, the rganizing cmmittee has wrked with the hst cities t make full use f the venues 44 (build) fr the 2008 Olympic Games. Only ne ice sprts venue is 45 (new)cnstructed; the ther fur were adjusted t meet the green requirements.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分〉
第一节（满分15分〉
46．你校英文报正为寒假特刊征文。请你以Hw t Stay Healthy during Winter Vacatin为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 合理作息：
2. 健康饮食。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hw t Stay Healthy during Winter Vacatin
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分15分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was fur weeks befre New Year, and ur yuth grup wanted t d smething tgether as a New Year prject fr ur cmmunity. The cncept was great, but nne f us seventeen-year-lds had any idea what t d.
“Maybe we culd have a fd drive t help the hmeless,” Jhn suggested at ur Sunday night meeting. “But we have dne that many times”, answered Brian with a frwn.
Ten minutes passed withut any prpsal gd enugh t win ur hearts. Finally I decided t speak. “Why dn’t we think abut ur prject fr a few days and then cme back with three r fur suggestins we can vte n?” Everyne agreed t wait a week befre deciding.
I knew time was running ut t get smething ging befre New Year, but I had n clue what we shuld d. During the fllwing week, ne idea after anther ran thrugh my mind, but I was still indecisive.
Thursday after schl, I wandered int the kitchen as my dad prepared fr dinner. Sensing my uneasiness, he asked what trubled me withut even lking up. “Well... it...” I let ut a lng breath. “Our yuth grup wants t d smething fr New Year, but we dn’t knw what t d...”
“Hmm.” My dad thught ut lud. “There’s a senirs’ hme I’ve wrked with clse t St. Jseph’s Hspital. The residents dn’t get ut much arund New Year with the snw and ice. It might be an idea t take them ut t see the New Year lights arund here.”
I std still fr a few mments thinking f all the spectacular（绚丽的）New Year light displays in ur neighbrhd. T be hnest, I never thught abut that, but it might just wrk.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为130左右：
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Next Sunday evening, ur yuth grup met.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On New Year’s Day, the bus we rented arrived at the senirs’ hme in the snw.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 CBAAC 6-10 CABCA 11-15 CBACA 16-20 BABBCChina Daily E-paper/YuthIt is the PDF versin f the riginal China Daily newspaper, published n Wednesdays, which cntains the Yuth sectin, with the same cntent and synchrnus updates.
Buying Optins:
12 Mnths/80 yuan ($12) 6 Mnths/40 yuan ($6)
GLOBAL EDITION E-paperIt’s published frm Mnday t Friday, the 16-page bradsheet printed in full clr. There will be quality jurnalism, including insight, pinin, culture and mre. The frnt page will feature news analysis and reviews f events f great significance.
Buying Optins:
12 Mnths/498 yuan（$81) 6 Mnths/268 yuan（$42) 1 Mnth/45 yuan（$8)
Glbal Weekly E-paperEach issue f China Daily internatinal weekly is 32 pages, which is mainly the event cntent frm the China Daily internatinal editin and the China Daily China editin. It prvides readers with a weekly verview f varius news, reprting and cmmentary n majr glbal events.
Buying Optins:
Glbal Weekly E-paper/300 yuan（$50) Individual issue/6 yuan（$1)
1．A 2．D 3．B
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了《中国日报》几种电子版报纸的一些基本情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“It is the PDF versin f the riginal China Daily newspaper, with the same cntent and synchrnus (同步)updates. (它是原《中国日报》的PDF版本，内容相同，同步更新)”可知，《中国日报》电子报以PDF格式出版的。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据GLOBAL EDITION E-paper中“The frnt page will feature news analysis and reviews f events f great significance.( 头版将刊载对重大事件的新闻分析和评论)”和Glbal Weekly E-paper 中“It prvides readers with a weekly verview f varius news, reprting and cmmentary n majr glbal events.( 它为读者提供关于全球重大事件的各种新闻、报道和评论的每周概述)”可知，这两环球电子版报纸都有对重大事件的评论。故选D。
3．细节理解题。由China Daily E-paper中“12 Mnths/498 yuan ($81) ” (12月订价：498元/81美元)，China Daily E-paper/Yuth中“12 Mnths/80 yuan ($12) ”(12个月订价：80元/12美元)，GLOBAL EDITION E-paper中“12 Mnths/498 yuan ($81) ”(12月订价：498元/81美元)和Glbal Weekly E-paper 中“Glbal Weekly E-paper/300 yuan（$50) ”(订价：300元/50美元)可知，China Daily E-paper/Yuth.12个月的订价最少，只要80元，即12美元。故选B。
4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者让人们重新思考礼物的价值和一种有效的环保的方式购物。他认为不买新东西，有意义的二手物品也是好礼物。
4．推理判断题。由文章第一段最后一句“But with millins f peple ding the same, the resurces spent really add up（但是随着数以百万的人们做同样的事，所花的资源确实不少）”可推断出，第一段主要在引出购买礼物带来的问题—资源消耗大。故选C。
5．短语猜测题。根据上文“Fr instance, pack a gift bx with hmemade ckies（例如，用自制饼干装一个礼品盒）”根据下文“ tie-dyeing（扎染）white clthes frm a lcal secndhand stre.”（在当地一家二手商店扎染白色衣服）可中，划线词前后的句子都在表明要减少花费。故猜测短语“paring dwn”指的是减少花费。故选A。
6．推理判断题。由文章第四段“Griffin practices her way f buying used items instead f new nes（Griffin实践了她买二手东西而不是新东西）”可推断出，Griffin提倡不买新东西，买用过的二手物品。故Griffin可能推荐买二手书。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“…recmmends peple rethink the value f gift-giving and shp in an effective ec-friendly way（推荐人们重新思考礼物的价值和一种有效的环保的方式购物）”，第三段“They may nt be pricey but the lve behind it cunts（他们可能不贵但是背后却深藏爱意）”和第四段“Griffin practices her way f buying used items instead f new nes（Griffin实践了她买二手东西而不是新东西）”可推断出，作者在文章中表达送有意义的礼物而不是买新的。故选D。
8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道了。短文通过两个制作旗袍的艺人介绍了旗袍的与时俱进的发展历程。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Leung Lng-kng, 89, might nt be a husehld name, but peple arund the wrld have admired his wrk, thanks t the award-winning film In the Md fr Lve, which features 23 clrful qipa made by Leung.(89岁的Leung Lng-kng也许不是一个家喻户晓的名字，但全世界的人都钦佩他的作品，这要归功于获奖影片《花样年华》，片中梁龙岗制作了23件彩色旗袍)”可知，Leung Lng-kng对这部电影的贡献他为电影做了旗袍。故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段“The glry days f qipa in the 1950s and 60s Hng Kng faded in a time f mass prductin f ready-t-wear clthing. “Qipa used t be s ppular,” Leung says, adding that the dress was an everyday utfit (装束) amng Hng Kng wmen, frm the less well-ff t wmen at the highest levels f sciety.(上世纪五六十年代，香港旗袍的辉煌岁月在大规模生产成衣的时代黯然褪色。“旗袍曾经很受欢迎，”Leung说，并补充说，旗袍是香港女性的日常服装，从不太富裕的女性到社会最高阶层的女性都在穿)”可知，我们可以从旗袍的光辉岁月中了解到旗袍它在不同的阶级中都很受欢迎。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Fashin designer Mary Yu, 41, set up her wn qipa brand in 2016. Yu says, “I fed I shuld tap int Chinese culture. After a perid f wearing Chanel all the time, there will be a day when ne lks back t traditinal Chinese culture, whse elegance has been inherited (继承) fr thusands f years. It is abut finding the stuff that exists in yur genes and suits yu best.” (41岁的时装设计师于玛丽在2016年创立了自己的旗袍品牌。于说：“我认为我应该挖掘中国文化。一直穿着香奈儿一段时间后，会有一天回顾中国传统文化，它的优雅已经传承了数千年。它是关于找到存在于你的基因中最适合你的东西。”)”可知，在设计旗袍时，Yu最看重的是传统元素，故选B项。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In the cnstantly develping fashin industry, qipa is catching up with the times.(在不断发展的时尚产业中，旗袍正在追赶时代)”以及短文通过两个制作旗袍的艺人介绍了旗袍的与时俱进的发展历程可知，短文的最佳标题为“裁出的旗袍”。故选A。
12．D 13．C 14．A 15．C
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了对拥有身体的机器人进化的研究，研究结果显示进化是为了最大限度地利用身体所处的形态。这一结果将为开发能够在现实世界中执行多种任务的机器人提供见解。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Agrim Gupta f Stanfrd University and his clleagues wndered: Des having bdies matter fr the evlutin f intelligence? T answer it, they created a virtual rbt named “unimal” and studied hw having virtual bdies affected the evlutin f the unimals’ intelligence.( 斯坦福大学的阿格里姆·古普塔和他的同事们想知道：拥有身体对智力的进化重要吗？为了回答这个问题，他们创造了一个名为“unimal”的虚拟机器人，并研究拥有虚拟身体如何影响“unimal”的智力进化)”可知，Agrim Gupta的团队研究拥有虚拟身体如何影响人工智能的进化。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The test envirnments came in three varieties: flat areas, areas filled with hills, steps and brken stnes, and areas that had the cmplexities f the secnd srt, but with added bjects that unimals need t mve t a target lcatin.( 测试环境有三种类型：平坦的区域、充满山丘、台阶和碎石的区域，以及具有第二种复杂性的区域，但添加了unimal需要移动才能到达目标区域的物体。)”可知，第三种测试环境最困难是因为添加了要移走的物体。故选C。
14．主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“At first, the unimals were in randm shapes, but with identical sftware running them. In grups f fur, Dr Gupta put them thrugh tests f agility, stability, and ability t cntrl bjects. Then each grup’s winner was allwed t give birth t a daughter with ne mutatin（变异）, fr example, an extra leg fr stability. This daughter was sent t a new grup t be tested. The prcess repeated and the test ended after ten generatins f evlutin.( 一开始，unimals的形状是随机的，但运行它们的软件是相同的。古普塔博士让他们四人一组，进行敏捷性、稳定性和控制物体能力的测试。然后每组的优胜者被允许生一个带有突变的女儿,例如，为了稳定性的额外的腿。这个女儿被送到一个新的小组接受测试。这个过程不断重复，在进化了十代之后，测试结束了。)”可知，本段主要讲述测试过程。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据第五段的“Crucially, thugh, the researchers fund the mst successful unimals, which evlved in the tughest envirnment, learned tasks faster and better than their ancestrs. This cnsists with the Baldwin effect, which suggests that minds evlve t make best use f the mrphlgies（形态）f the bdies they find themselves in.( 然而，至关重要的是，研究人员发现，那些在最艰苦的环境中进化出来的unimal学习任务比它们的祖先更快、更好。这与鲍德温效应一致，鲍德温效应表明思维的进化是为了最大限度地利用他们所处的身体形态。)”可知，研究的结果与鲍德温效应一致，因此推断提到鲍德温效应是为了支持研究结果。故选C。
16．C 17．F 18．D 19．A 20．G
【分析】本文是说明文。科学是解决问题的精神工具，他们在日常生活中是强大并有用的。文章阐述了科学家思考的方式以及你如何利用科学工具解决问题的方式。
16．上文“Science is a mental tlbx fr slving prblems.( 科学是解决问题的精神工具箱)”说明科学是解决问题的工具，C项中的“tls”与之呼应，C项“这些工具比你想象的要简单”符合语境，引出下文“And they are pwerful and useful in everyday life.(他们在日常生活中是强大和有用的。)”说明这些工具可以应用到日常生活中，其实要比想象中简单。故选C。
17．上文“Being pen-minded means that when we are asked a questin, scientific thinking requires us t admit that we ften simply dn’t knw the answer.( 思想开放意味着，当我们被问到一个问题时，科学思维要求我们承认我们往往根本不知道答案。)”说明科学思维要求我们思想开放，接受我们不知道的答案，F项中的“nt hlding n t a belief”与“admit that we ften simply dn’t knw the answer”一致，F项“它也意味着当证据改变时，不要坚持一种观点”符合语境，与上文是并列关系，且F项中的“the evidence changes”与下文的“the evidence changes”呼应。故选F。
18．根据标题“Accept uncertainty.”可知，本段讲述接受不确定性。D项中的“Accepting yu dn’t knw things”符合本段主旨，D项“接受你不知道的事情并不是一种软弱的表现”符合语境，下文“It allws yu t make better decisins because yu’re taking the uncertainty int accunt.(它允许你做出更好的决定，因为你已经考虑到了不确定性。)”解释接受不知道的事情并不是软弱的表现的原因。故选D。
19．空格处是段落标题。根据下文“Pull tgether all the data—stuff that agrees with yur argument and stuff that refutes（驳斥）it. Cnsider everything, rather than fcusing n a single pint. Then, fr each piece f data, cnsider the quality f the evidence.(汇总所有的数据——与你的论点一致的数据和驳斥它的数据。考虑一切，而不是专注于某一点。然后，对于每一块数据，考虑证据的质量。)”可推断，本段讲述收集数据。A项“收集你的数据”为最佳标题。故选A。
20．上文“Start with the mst likely explanatin and test it.( 从最有可能的解释开始，并测试它)”讲述证明假设从最可能的解释开始验证，G项中的“the next mst likely explanatin”呼应上文，因此G项“如果你可以证明它是错的，那就继续下一个最有可能的解释”符合语境，讲述一个一个检验最有可能的解释。故选G。
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者认识有素食传统的丈夫之后，也一直吃素。每次回家的时候，以肉为主食的母亲都会精心地研究新的素食菜肴。作者意识到爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我怀疑自己是否忽视了父母的传统。A. talents才能；B. cmmands命令；C. traditins传统；D. effrts努力。根据“After all, they are mre 2 with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”可知，父母的传统是以肉食为中心。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，他们更喜欢以肉为中心的食物。A. cncerned关心的；B. cmfrtable舒服的；C. patient耐心的；D. strict严格的。be cmfrtable with对……感到愉快。根据“meals where meat is the centerpiece.”可知，作者父母喜欢以肉食为中心。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次萨扬和我回家，我妈妈就会在我们到达前几周开始计划我们的饮食。A. planning计划；B. cking烹饪；C. serving服务；D. lasting持续。根据“weeks befre we arrive.”可知，作者母亲在作者和丈夫回家之前就开始计划他们的素食饮食。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她研究新的素食菜肴，囤积豆类和酸奶，尽管她不喜欢这两种食物。A. side边；B. meat肉；C. lcal当地人；D. vegetarian素食者。根据“My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I’ve been a vegetarian, t.”可知，因为作者和丈夫都是素食主义者，所以母亲研究素食菜肴。故选D。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她研究新的素食菜肴，囤积豆类和酸奶，尽管她不喜欢这两种食物。A. dislikes不喜欢；B. recmmends推荐；C. desires要求；D. lses失去。根据“After all, they are mre 2 with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”和转折词thugh可知，母亲并不喜欢豆类和酸奶。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，即使我们都坐在一张桌子上，我们吃的食物也不一样。 A. standing站；B. sitting坐；C. lying躺；D. kneeling跪。根据“at the table tgether,”可知，一起坐在桌子上就餐。故选B。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，即使我们都坐在一张桌子上，我们吃的食物也不一样。 A. healthy健康的；B. delicius美味的；C. different不同的；D. heavy重的。根据“S ften, even thugh we’re all 6 at the table tgether,” 和前文可知，作者和丈夫是素食主义者，而作者父母是以肉为中心，所以吃着不同的食物。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有和我妈妈谈过我们之间的紧张关系。A. talked交谈；B. agreed同意；C. met遇见；D. quarreled吵架。根据“abut the fd tensin in ur relatinship.”可知，作者从没有和母亲交谈关于饮食方面的紧张关系。故选A。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但今年夏初，我终于问了她。A. quickly迅速地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. regularly有规律地；D. finally最终。根据“I’ve never really 8 with my mm abut the fd tensin in ur relatinship.”和转折词but可知，作者最终忍不住问了。故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候做饭是一种挑战。A. challenge挑战；B. adventure冒险；C. pleasure快乐；D. blessing祝福。作者母亲承认有时候做饭是一种挑战。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对我们来说，尊重你和萨扬的印度素食是很重要的。A. change改变；B. hnr尊敬；C. balance平衡；D. fllw跟随。根据“But it is imprtant fr us”可知，母亲认为尊重作者和丈夫的素食饮食习惯很重要。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还问：“你不想念伴随你长大的味道吗?”A. truble麻烦；B. stries故事；C. family家庭；D. flavrs风味。根据“I d. And I dn’t.”可知，母亲问作者是否怀念小时候的味道。故选D。
33．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但是因为我离开家太久了，我爱上了很多新的食物，印度食物已经成为我的食物。A. given away赠送；B. left behind遗留；C. gt attached t喜爱；D. fallen shrt f没有达到。根据“But because I’ve been away frm hme fr s lng,”可知，作者离家太久，已经爱上了很多新食物。故选C。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直以为她因此受到了伤害，但和她交谈后，我意识到我错了。A. frgt忘记；B. hped希望；C. realized意识到；D. denied否认。根据“I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking t her,”可知，作者意识到自己错了。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：给我们爱的人留点吃的空间。A. sell卖；B. say说；C. read阅读；D. eat吃。根据“Lve can be shwn thrugh fd in different ways.”可知，爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来，我们要给我们所爱的人留点吃的空间。故选D。
36．diseases 37．was caused 38．where 39．remving
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰·斯诺帮助人们控制霍乱病的故事。
36．考查可数名词的数。句意：霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之一，直到约翰·斯诺告诉人们如何战胜它。ne f+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，固定搭配，所以空处名词需用其复数形式。故填diseases。
37．考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：在那段时间里，斯诺认为霍乱是由水中的细菌引起的。由时间状语“During that time”和主句谓语动词subscribed 可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时；由空后by germs可知，空处主语是动作的承受者，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were dne，主语是不可数名词chlera ，所以此处be动词需用was。故填was caused。
38．考查定语从句。句意：他在地图上标出了所有死者曾经居住过的确切地点。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是places，指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
39．考查动名词。句意：斯诺怀疑是水泵的问题，然后他建议拆掉水泵的把手。suggest ding sth.建议做某事，固定搭配，所以空处需用动名词作宾语。故填remving。
40．an 41．It 42．t raise
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了我国第一部新的湿地保护法律。
40．考查冠词。句意：生态专家杨朝霞表示，新法律的意义在于，它加强了中国在生态领域存在的一些薄弱环节的法律体系。空处需用不定冠词a/an泛指一位生态专家，eclgy是以元音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词an。故填an。
41．考查代词。句意：重要的是，政府应该通过各种运动来保护湿地。It is imprtant that…(重要的是……)，固定句型；此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句；句首单词首字母需大写。故填It。
42．考查动词不定式。句意：教育部门和学校也被要求提高学生的湿地保护意识。be asked t d sth. (被要求做某事)，固定搭配，所以空处需用动词不定式。故填t raise。
43．after 44．built 45．newly
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。随着北京2022年冬奥会的临近，冬奥会的奥运场馆建设和利用呈现低碳趋势。
43．考查介词。句意：在过去，许多体育场馆在奥运会结束后就不再使用了。结合句意和常识可知，很多体育馆在奥运会后就不再使用了，所以空处需用介词after“在……之后”。故填after。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了减少浪费，奥组委与主办城市合作，充分利用为2008年奥运会建造的场馆。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词wrked，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；空处动词build与空前名词venues之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故填built。
45．考查副词。句意：新建冰雪运动场馆1个;另外四个场馆被调整以满足环保要求。 分析句子结构可知，空处需用副词作状语修饰动词cnstructed。故填newly。
46．One pssible versin:
Hw t Stay Healthy during Winter Vacatin
A healthy lifestyle always cunts. With winter vacatin appraching, here are sme tips fr yur reference.
Adpt gd sleep habits, as early t bed and early t rise makes yu energetic. Exercising regularly helps a lt, t. It’s als strngly recmmended t keep a balanced diet, which cnsists f a mdest amunt f meat, vegetables and fruit, especially during family reunins. Besides, dn’t frget t spare sme time fr yur favrite bks.
Hpe yu can enjy a happy and healthy vacatin!
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇Hw t Stay Healthy during Winter Vacatin为题的短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要：cunts→matters/is vital/is significant/is f vital significance
临近：appraching→cming/drawing near
精力充沛：energetic→full f energy
锻炼：Exercising→Wrking ut
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With winter vacatin appraching, here are sme tips fr yur reference.
拓展句：As winter vacatin appraches, here are sme tips fr yur reference.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Adpt gd sleep habits, as early t bed and early t rise makes yu energetic.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】It’s als strngly recmmended t keep a balanced diet, which cnsists f a mdest amunt f meat, vegetables and fruit, especially during family reunins.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
47．One pssible versin:
Next Sunday evening, ur yuth grup met. My fellws put frward several suggestins and I als cntributed Dad’s idea fr discussin. T my pleasant surprise, the New Year lights tur wn their hearts. We called the senirs’ hme and they were thrilled abut ur prpsal. The fllwing weeks, we were busy lining up everything fr the tur, including the bus t drive the senirs alng the planned rute.
On New Year’s Day, the bus we rented arrived at the senirs’ hme in the snw. Despite the cld, the snw added a magical white blanket t the neighbrhd. All residents slwly fund seats n the bus and the tur began. The spectacular light displays lit up their faces and I even saw sme eyes filling up. Returning t the senirs’ hme, they culdn’t stp talking abut all they’d seen and thanked us again and again. Lking at their excited and grateful faces, we’d never felt warmer.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者跟朋友们打算做有意义的事情来过新年，正在作者毫无头绪时，父亲建议他们带养老院的老人们去街上看灯饰，最后，作者跟朋友们精心准备，带养老院的老人们去街上看灯饰，老人们很开心，非常感谢他们的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“下个星期天的晚上，我们一群年轻人碰面。”可知，第一段可描写作者跟朋友们商量在新年那天做什么有意义的事情，作者提出父亲给的建议，大家赞同，精心准备。
②由第二段首句内容“在新年那天，我们租的公交车在雪天到达了养老院。”可知，第二段可描写作者和朋友们到养老院，带着老人们去街上看灯饰，老人们很开心，非常感谢他们。
2.续写线索：提议父亲的建议——朋友赞同——准备——达到养老院接老人——陪老人们看夜景，灯饰——老人们感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①提出：put frward/cme up with
②忙于做某事：be busy (in) ding sth./be ccupied (in) ding sth.
③忍不住：culdn’t stp/culdn’t resist
情绪类
①激动：thrilled/excited
②感谢：grateful /thankful/appreciative
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Returning t the senirs’ hme, they culdn’t stp talking abut all they’d seen and thanked us again and again. (运用了现在分词作状语和省略关系代词引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2]. Lking at their excited and grateful faces, we’d never felt warmer. (运用了现在分词作状语)