福建省2021～2022学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题含答案

这是一份福建省2021～2022学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题含答案，共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，其他应用文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

福建省2021～2022学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
If you’re looking for some books to read, the following may be your best choices.
Team Human by Douglas Rushkoff
Douglas Rushkoff believes we are essentially social creatures, and that we achieve our greatest goals when we work together, not as individuals. However, he says today’s society is threatened by many elements that weaken our ability to connect. He calls on us to take action.
Climate-A New Story by Charles Eisenstein
With an entire chapter stating climate change, Charles Eisenstein advocates expanding our limited focus on carbon emissions to see the broader picture beyond our short-sighted and incomplete approach. He thinks rivers, forests and the creatures of nature are valuable in their own right, not simply for preventing a rise in temperature.
Who Can You Trust? by Rachel Botsman
In this book, Rachel Botsman reveals that we are at the point of one of the biggest social transformations in human history. She says we might have lost faith in many other people, but millions of people exchange digital currencies or find themselves trusting a robot. She says if we are to benefit from this shift, we must understand the mechanics of how trust is built, managed, lost and repaired in the digital age.
The Happiness Fantasy by Carl Cederstrom
Carl Cederstrom traces our present-day conception of happiness. He argues that happiness is now defined by a desire to experience physical pleasure. He says, however, there is a vision of the good life which promotes deeper engagement with the world. Guided by this more reasonable worldview, we will present ourselves with a new image.
1．What does Team Human focus on?
A．Individuals’ ability. B．Teamwork. C．Social events. D．Creatures.
2．Who introduces climate change to readers?
A．Douglas Rushkoff. B．Rachel Botsman. C．Charles Eisenstein. D．Carl Cederstrom.
3．Which book calls on readers to attach importance to mental pleasure?
A．Team Human. B．Climate-A New Story.
C．Who Can You Trust? D．The Happiness Fantasy.
【答案】1．B
2．C
3．D
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本值得阅读的书。
1．
细节理解题。根据第二段“Douglas Rushkoff believes we are essentially social creatures, and that we achieve our greatest goals when we work together, not as individuals. (格拉斯·拉什科夫认为，我们本质上是群居动物，当我们一起工作时，我们才能实现我们最大的目标，而不是以个体的身份。)”可知，Team Human这本书关注的是团队合作。故选B。
2．
细节理解题。根据第三段“With an entire chapter stating climate change, Charles Eisenstein advocates expanding our limited focus on carbon emissions to see the broader picture beyond our short-sighted and incomplete approach.( Charles Eisenstein用一整个章节阐述了气候变化，他主张扩大我们对碳排放的有限关注，以超越我们短视和不完整的方法，看到更广阔的前景。)”可知，Charles Eisenstein在Climate-A New Story一书中介绍了气候变化。故选C。
3．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“He argues that happiness is now defined by a desire to experience physical pleasure. He says, however, there is a vision of the good life which promotes deeper engagement with the world. (他认为，现在的幸福常被定义为物质享乐。然而，他说，对于美好生活的幻想应该是人们更多去了解世界)”可推断，The Happiness Fantasy这本书呼吁人们重视精神愉悦。故选D。
On one day of May, when Jared Garcia got home from work, he opened the fridge and saw four different pizza boxes from four different restaurants. “It’s pretty embarrassing, but it’s the truth,” Jared said.
At 129 kilograms, the 27-year-old would sit on the couch watching TV, without energy left after conquering the workday. Late-night snacks included popcorn and ice cream. Gradually, his clothes felt like getting smaller every time he did laundry. Also, Jared missed the feeling he got when he used to play sports as a teenager.
Together, he and his girlfriend, Bella MacDonald, decided to make a change to lifestyle. They had talked about doing it before, but this time, it stuck. They didn’t want to look back 20 years from now realizing they should have made changes to be healthier then.
First, they would start going to the gym. But they didn’t want to put in the hours of fitness without having the right diet to bring up their energy levels. They would eat their meals between 8 am and 6 pm each day. This helped them kick the late-night snacking habit. “You stop mindless eating in the evening. You’re also eating in sync (同步) with your circadian rhythm (昼夜节律), which is more favorable for weight loss,” said Jared.
They immediately noticed their energy levels started to pick back up as they started eating pizza for proteins like turkey alongside vegetables. “When we’re eating only during a ten-hour period, we do want to follow good nutritional guidelines, including protein, fiber, enough fluids in our diet as well,” Jared said.
Jared loved eating healthier options, but always had a hard time getting up to go to the gym. For Bella, food was a weakness, but she was excited to get up and work out. Anyway, they would stay the course.
4．What can we know about Jared from paragraph 2?
A．He kept slim all the time. B．He once had bad eating habits.
C．He forgot to play sports. D．He worked late into the night.
5．What does the underlined word “stuck” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Paid off. B．Started early. C．Became accepted. D．Remained uncertain.
6．What did Jared and Bella do besides going to the gym?
A．They stopped getting proteins and fiber. B．They tried to find out their weaknesses.
C．They avoided eating late-night snacks. D．They asked friends to work out together.
7．How was Jared and Bella’s losing weight?
A．Tough. B．Unexpected. C．Interesting. D．Heartbreaking.
【答案】4．B
5．C
6．C
7．A
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公贾里德意识到自己的肥胖问题后，开始戒掉夜宵零食，与女友贝拉一起开始运动，追求健康的生活方式。
4．
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Late-night snacks included popcorn and ice cream.”（深夜小吃包括爆米花和冰淇淋。）可知，贾里德会在深夜吃爆米花和冰淇淋，由此可知，从第二段我们可以了解到贾里德曾经有过不良的饮食习惯，深夜吃垃圾食品。故选B项。
5．
词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“They had talked about doing it before”（他们以前说过要做这件事）和下句“They didn’t want to look back 20 years from now realizing they should have made changes to be healthier then.”（他们不想在20年后回首往事，才意识到他们当时应该做出改变，以变得更健康。）可知，贾里德和女友以前说过要改变生活方式，但直到这次，他们才真正接受这个想法，因为他们不想在20年后感到后悔，“Became accepted”意为“被接受”，指改变生活方式的想法被二人接受了，能够代替画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。
6．
细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“They would eat their meals between 8 am and 6 pm each day. This helped them kick the late-night snacking habit.”（他们每天早上8点到下午6点之间吃饭。这有助于他们改掉深夜吃零食的习惯。）可知，贾里德和女友除了去健身房外，还坚持每天早上8点到下午6点之间吃饭，改掉深夜吃零食的习惯，由此可知，贾里德和贝拉除了去健身房还避免吃深夜零食。故选C项。
7．
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Jared loved eating healthier options, but always had a hard time getting up to go to the gym. For Bella, food was a weakness, but she was excited to get up and work out. Anyway, they would stay the course.”（贾里德喜欢吃更健康的食物，但总是很难起床去健身房。对贝拉来说，食物是一个弱点，但她对起床锻炼感到很兴奋。无论如何，他们会坚持到底。）可知，在减肥的过程中，贾里德很难起床去健身房，贝拉很难控制饮食，由此可推断出，贾里德和贝拉的减肥过程是艰难的。故选A项。
Sea plants like marine algae (海洋藻类), seagrass and mangroves (红树林) provide habitats for many marine creatures including shrimp, fish and other small creatures. In some way, these plants keep the steady of the environment on the bottom of the sea that might otherwise be damaged by sea waves, sunlight and other climate change.
In mankind’s view, mangroves offer a safeguard against storms such as hurricanes, protecting the inland areas where people live, especially in places like the coastlines of Florida and Louisiana.
Marine algae, seagrass and mangroves play another vital role for many marine creatures-that of a baby room. Many marine animals lay eggs in these areas because their young have a better chance of avoiding hunters while hidden in the plants.
Many animals rely on these plants as a main food source as well. Sea urchins (海胆) are just one example of some marine creatures that eat marine algae, keeping the algae from over-growth for its health. Without these vital plants, lots of marine animals would have little protection from the hunters and human activities.
Pollution and fertilizer run-off, damage from boat grounding and human-caused stresses on natural water systems are just a few types of threats that impact these weak ecosystems. The effects of the oil run-off in combination with these pre-existent conditions are difficult to predict. However, it is certain that the results will not be good for the already stressed environments that many species of marine life call home.
When exposed to the oil and the chemicals used to clean up the run-off, the sea plants themselves are directly affected. But in addition, the marine animals that depend on these plants as food and shelter are also impacted, and the rest of the food web will feel the effect.
8．What do the mangroves mean to the people in Florida?
A．Their security blankets. B．Their food sources.
C．Their hiding places. D．Their homes.
9．Why do many marine animals produce their young in the three plants?
A．To handle climate change. B．To search for food.
C．To look for room. D．To seek shelter.
10．What relationship do sea urchins and marine algae have?
A．Interdependent. B．Unfriendly. C．Cooperative. D．Competitive.
11．What may be the indirect result of the oil run-off?
A．The food web will be rebuilt. B．The sea plants will grow widely.
C．People’s health will be under threat. D．People will use chemicals to clean it up.
【答案】8．A
9．D
10．A
11．C
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋藻类、海草和红树林对于海洋生物和海洋环境非常重要，然而它们面临着很多的威胁。
8．
细节理解题。根据第二段“In mankind’s view, mangroves offer a safeguard against storms such as hurricanes, protecting the inland areas where people live, especially in places like the coastlines of Florida and Louisiana.”（在人类看来，红树林可以抵御飓风等风暴，保护人们居住的内陆地区，尤其是佛罗里达州和路易斯安那州的海岸线。）可知，红树林对佛罗里达州的人们意味着是他们的安全毯。故选A。
9．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Marine algae, seagrass and mangroves play another vital role for many marine creatures-that of a baby room. Many marine animals lay eggs in these areas because their young have a better chance of avoiding hunters while hidden in the plants.”（对于许多海洋生物来说，海藻、海草和红树林扮演着婴儿房的另一个重要角色。许多海洋动物在这些区域产卵，因为它们的幼崽隐藏在植物中时有更好的机会避开猎人。）可知，许多海洋动物会在这三种植物中繁殖后代是到这些地方来寻求庇护的。故选D。
10．
推理判断题。根据第四段前两句“Many animals rely on these plants as a main food source as well. Sea urchins (海胆) are just one example of some marine creatures that eat marine algae, keeping the algae from over-growth for its health.”（许多动物也依赖这些植物作为主要食物来源。海胆只是一些食用海藻的海洋生物的一个例子，为了健康，海胆可以防止海藻过度生长。）可知，海胆以海藻为食。与此同时，海胆能防止海藻过度生长，以保持海藻的健康。由此可见，海胆和海藻之间有着相互依赖的关系。故选A。
11．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“When exposed to the oil and the chemicals used to clean up the run-off, the sea plants themselves are directly affected. But in addition, the marine animals that depend on these plants as food and shelter are also impacted, and the rest of the food web will feel the effect.”（当暴露在石油和用于清理径流的化学品中时，海洋植物本身会受到直接影响。但除此之外，依赖这些植物作为食物和庇护所的海洋动物也会受到影响，食物网的其他部分也会受到影响。）可知，石油泄露使海洋生态和食物链受到影响，而这些也必然会影响到人类的健康。故选C。
Lithium-ion（锂离子）batteries are the current front-runners for storing renewable energy, but their components can be expensive. Zinc（锌）batteries are easier on the wallet and the planet, but lab experiments are now pointing to ways around their primary drawback: They can’t be recharged over and over for decades.
The need for grid-scale（电网规模的）battery storage is growing as increasing amounts of solar, wind, and other renewable energy come online. This year, America is committed to making the American electricity grid carbon-free by 2035. To even out dips in supply, much of that renewable power will have to be stored for hours or days, and then fed back into the grid. For California alone, it wants to deploy（部署）more than 8800 megawatts of rechargeable batteries by 2026, and last week, the governor of California proposed $350 million in state funding to develop long-duration energy storage technologies. “That trend will not go down. It will only continue to grow,” says Mark Baggio, vice president for business development at Zinc8 Energy Solutions, a zinc battery producer.
“For power storage, Lithium-ion is the 800-pound gorilla,” says Michael Burz, CEO of EnZinc, a zinc battery startup, “but lithium, a relatively rare metal that’s only mined in a handful of countries, is too scarce and expensive to back up the world’s grids. We need an alternative to lithium. Zinc batteries may be one of the options.”
Non-rechargeable zinc batteries have been on the market for decades. More recently, some zinc rechargeable batteries have also been commercialized, but they tend to have limited energy storage capacity. Another technology, zinc flow cell batteries, is also making big steps. But it requires more complex pumps and tanks to operate.
So, researchers are now working to improve other varieties including zinc-air cells. They say although it’s urgent, there is a long way to go before they find a solution.
12．What do we know about grid-scale battery storage?
A．It lacks financial support. B．It has crucial breakthroughs.
C．It meets the public demands. D．Its market is huge.
13．What is Michael Burz’s attitude to zinc batteries for energy storage?
A．Skeptical. B．Supportive. C．Conservative. D．Disappointed.
14．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Zinc batteries?
A．Their improvements. B．Their popularity.
C．Their functions. D．Their disadvantages.
15．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．Carbon free: a long-term goal to achieve
B．Zinc batteries: a possible solution to power storage
C．Renewable energy: the unlimited resource of power
D．Lithium-ion batteries: the front-runners for storing energy
【答案】12．D
13．B
14．D
15．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。锂离子电池是目前贮存可再生能源的领跑者，但它的造价很高。锌电池造价低且分布更广，但它却不能长期地反复充电。因此，研究人员急需研发可信赖的可再生能源贮存技术。
12．
细节理解题。根据第二段“The need for grid-scale（电网规模的）battery storage is growing as increasing amounts of solar, wind, and other renewable energy come online. (随着越来越多的太阳能、风能和其他可再生能源投入使用，对电网规模的电池存储的需求也在增长。)”可知，电网规模的电池贮存有着巨大的市场。故选D。
13．
推理判断题。根据第三段“We need an alternative to lithium. Zinc batteries may be one of the options.( 我们需要锂的替代品。锌电池可能是一种选择。)”可知，Michael Burz认为锌电池是代替锂离子电池的选择之一，可推断他对于锌电池在贮存能源方面持支持态度。故选B。
14．
主旨大意题。根据第四段“More recently, some zinc rechargeable batteries have also been commercialized, but they tend to have limited energy storage capacity.(最近，一些锌充电电池也已经商业化，但它们往往有有限的能量存储能力。)”可知，本段主要讲了锌电池的一些缺点。故选D。
15．
主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍鉴于目前贮存可再生能源技术存在缺陷，锌电池有可能解决能源贮存的问题。所以“Zinc batteries: a possible solution to power storage(锌电池：一种可能的电力存储解决方案)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
二、七选五
Usually, you spend most of your time at home. ____16____ However, with all the smells a home experiences, such as those created by cooking, people and pets, keeping it smelling good is often a difficult task. A bad-smelling home is not only unpleasant to visit, but gives the impression that your home is also unclean, which isn’t always the case. Fortunately, you can keep your home smelling fresh and clean with a few techniques.
____17____ Additionally, pick up any objects from the floor, such as clothing or towels, and place them in the box. Wash your dishes daily, which will keep your home smelling fresh.
Dust the objects in your home once weekly. Rub a soft cloth over your television and top of furniture to remove the dusty layer. Use a polishing spray for extra shine.
Wash your bedclothes on a weekly basis. Sheets, blankets and pillow cases often hold germs, which cause a smell to occur. So wash them regularly. ____18____
Bathe your dog and its bedding regularly. A dog’s smell can transmit from the animal to your floors, furniture and bedclothes. Wash the dog to prevent smells, as well as dirt, mud and other materials from being transferred from your dog to your items in your home. ____19____ Brushing daily can also release smells and materials that can cause the dog to create a foul smell in your home.
Shampoo（用洗涤剂洗）your carpets. ____20____ So the dirty carpets can make your entire home smell not-so-fresh. Cleaning carpets can remove any trapped smells as well.
A．Most dogs like having a bath.
B．Wipe down your kitchen daily.
C．You find your home is always in a mess.
D．Smells often become trapped in the material.
E．Most dogs benefit from an once-a-week bath.
F．Obviously, it’s worthwhile to spend time on them.
G．It is certain that you want a home which smells fresh.
【答案】16．G
17．B
18．F
19．E
20．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些使家里保持干净和气味清新的措施。
16．
根据前一句“Usually, you spend most of your time at home.（通常，你的大部分时间都是在家里度过的）”可知，待在家里的时候肯定想要一个整洁的环境和闻起来清新的家。G项“你肯定想要有一个闻起来清新的家”符合语境。故选G。
17．
根据空后“Additionally, pick up any objects from the floor, such as clothing or towels, and place them in the box. Wash your dishes daily, which will keep your home smelling fresh.（此外，从地板上捡起任何物品，如衣服或毛巾，并将其放入盒子中。每天洗碗，这会让你的家保持清新。）”可知，本段主要讲述怎么做才能保持家里清新整洁的具体措施，B项“每天打扫厨房”也是具体的举措之一，符合语境。故选B。
18．
根据前文“Wash your bedclothes on a weekly basis.（每周洗一次床上用品。）”可知，每周洗一次床上用品也是保持家里整洁清新的必要措施，所以花费一些时间也是必要的。F项“显然，花时间在这些问题上是值得的。”符合语境。故选F。
19．
根据前文“Bathe your dog and its bedding regularly.（定期给你的狗和它的被褥洗澡。）”可知，保持家里清新的必要措施是给狗和它的被褥洗澡，E项中的Most dogs呼应本文中的主题。“benefit from an once-a-week bath（从每周的洗澡中受益）”能够承接下文，讲述了给狗洗澡的好处。故选E。
20．
根据“Shampoo（用洗涤剂洗）your carpets.（用洗涤剂清洗地毯）”可知，本段讲述为什么要清洗地毯，D项的the material指的是carpets，以及空后“So the dirty carpets can make your entire home smell not-so-fresh.（所以脏地毯会让你的整个家闻起来不那么清新。）”可知，难闻的气味会藏在毛毯下，D项能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。
三、完形填空
Life was simpler when I was a child. There were no computers, mobile telephones, or what we would consider ____21____ technology. The same could be said for Durham, North Carolina, where I grew up. I am going to take you back to a(n) ____22____ Sunday when I was a kid.
My grandma was the mother of the household. “Chris,” she would ____23____, waking me up at the crack of dawn so I could get ready for a community ____24____. I rolled out of bed, opening my eyes to the ____25____ shining into my room. Opening my closet (壁橱), I ____26____ my Sunday best. Even though it was still warm, I threw on my trousers and ____27____ my shoes.
After the gathering, I ____28____ across the road to find Marc, my best friend. We ran into the ____29____. I hid from Marc, hoping he would not find me. I listened ____30____ to his footsteps, making them out as he walked on the orange and red leaves.
When I got home, my grandma was not at all _____31_____ at the dirt on my face. After my _____32_____, I set the table for our special dinner of fried chicken. Soon after, I lay down in my room, _____33_____ myself with a blanket, quietly thinking what would happen the next day.
Nowadays, although I live in a big city, I always _____34_____ I’m still 12 years old. I always thank the _____35_____ years for giving me so much.
21．A．useful B．special C．modern D．practical
22．A．historic B．traditional C．original D．typical
23．A．respond B．scream C．interrupt D．scold
24．A．game B．performance C．gathering D．interview
25．A．sunrise B．lightning C．flash D．lamp
26．A．picked out B．pointed out C．carried out D．left out
27．A．bought B．shined C．stored D．checked
28．A．came B．rolled C．bounded D．got
29．A．woods B．kitchen C．garage D．basement
30．A．politely B．excitedly C．anxiously D．carefully
31．A．delighted B．impatient C．disappointed D．surprised
32．A．comment B．shower C．explanation D．complaint
33．A．rewarding B．protecting C．covering D．exploring
34．A．pray B．appreciate C．accept D．imagine
35．A．academic B．previous C．difficult D．busy
【答案】21．C
22．D
23．B
24．C
25．A
26．A
27．B
28．C
29．A
30．D
31．D
32．B
33．C
34．D
35．B
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述我小时候和奶奶一起过着简单快乐的生活。时至今日，我依旧怀念那段美好时光。
21．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有电脑或手机这类的现代科技产品。A. useful有用的；B. special特殊的；C. modern现代的；D. practical实用的。根据上文“Life was simpler when I was a child.”可知，我小时候的生活很简单，没有没有电脑或手机这类的现代科技产品。故选C。
22．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我将把你带回到我小时候度过的一个有代表性的星期天。A. historic历史的；B. traditional传统；C. original原始的；D. typical有代表性的。根据下文语境可知，我小时候过星期天的时候很愉快，所以这里要介绍的是我小时候有代表性一个星期天。故选D。
23．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“克里斯”她大声叫着，在破晓时分叫醒我，这样我就可以为社区聚会做好准备。A. respond回应；B. scream大声叫喊；C. interrupt打断；D. scold责骂。根据空后“waking me up”可知，奶奶大声叫着我的名字，为了把我叫醒。故选B。
24．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“克里斯”她大声叫着，在破晓时分叫醒我，这样我就可以为社区聚会做好准备。A. game游戏；B. performance表现；C. gathering聚会；D. interview面试。根据下文“After the gathering”可知，奶奶在破晓时候叫醒我是为了让我社区聚会做好准备。故选C。
25．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从床上滚了起来，睁开眼睛，看着阳光照进我的房间。A. sunrise日出；B. lightning闪电；C. flash闪光；D. lamp灯。根据上文“waking me up at the crack of dawn”可知，奶奶在早上叫醒我，所以我睁开眼睛看着阳光照进我的房间。故选A。
26．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我打开壁橱，拿出自己最好的衣服。A. picked out挑选；B. pointed out指出；C. carried out执行；D. left out遗漏。句中的“Sunday best”指的是星期天最好的衣服，因为我要去参加社区聚会，所以我要挑选出最好的衣服。故选A。
27．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管天气还很暖和，但我还是匆匆地穿上了裤子，并擦亮了鞋子。A. bought购买；B. shined擦亮；C. stored储存；D. checked检查。根据语境可知，我要去参加社区聚会，我挑选了最好的衣服，所以也要擦亮鞋子。故选B。
28．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：聚会结束后，我跳过马路去找我最好的朋友马克。A. came来；B. rolled滚；C. bounded蹦跳；D. got得到。根据句意可知，在星期填去找伙伴玩，心情一定很愉快，所以是一蹦一跳的过马路的。故选C。
29．
考查名词词义辨析。句意我们跑进了Marc家后面的小树林。A. woods树林；B. kitchen厨房；C. garage车库；D. basement地下室。根据下文“he walked on the orange and red leaves”可知，我们跑进了小树林。故选A。
30．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我仔细地听着他的脚步声，当他在橙色和红色的树叶上行走时，我辨认出了他的脚步声。A. politely礼貌地；B. excitedly兴奋地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. carefully小心。根据上文“I hid from Marc, hoping he would not find me.”可知，我们在玩捉迷藏，所以藏起来之后很小心的听着他的脚步声。故选D。
31．
好形容词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家中，奶奶对我脸上的污垢一点都不感到意外。A. delighted高兴的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. disappointed失望的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据语境可知，奶奶知道我们出去玩，所以对我脸上的污垢一点不意外。故选D。
32．
考查名词词义辨析。在沐浴之后，我就去摆放晚上吃饭用的桌子。A. comment评论；B. shower淋浴；C. explanation解释；D. complaint投诉。根据上文“When I got home, my grandma was not at all __11__ at the dirt on my face.”可知，我身上很脏，在吃饭前要洗澡。故选B。
33．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：吃完饭后，我躺在自己的房间里，用毯子盖住自己。A. rewarding奖励；B. protecting保护；C. covering覆盖；D. exploring探索。根据空前“Soon after, I lay down in my room”可知，吃完饭后，我就在我的卧室里躺下来，用毯子盖住自己。故选C。
34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我虽然现在居住在大城市，但总幻想自己还是12岁。A. pray祈祷；B. appreciate感激；C. accept接受；D. imagine想象。根据前文“Nowadays, although I live in a big city”可知，我现在居住在大城市里，所以对十二岁的事情只能是想象。故选D。
35．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我总是感谢以前的那段时光，因为它给予了我非常多。A. academic学术的；B. previous以前的；C. difficult困难的；D. busy忙碌的。根据空后“for giving me so much”可知，过去的时光给予了我很多，所以我是感谢以前能有那段美好的时光的。故选B。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dragon Head-raising Day is celebrated on the second day of the second Chinese lunar month ____36____(show) respect for the dragon and pray for good weather for farming and big harvest, ____37____ is considered as the start of spring and farming. Dragon Head-raising Day has relation with spring and farming. After the cold winter, spring comes and animals are ____38____ (wake), but because of the winter, the weather is dry and farming lacks water. To this climate phenomenon, there is a folk saying that ____39____ will rain when the dragon raise its head.
On that day, there ____40____(be) lots of conventional celebration activities. First, in the early morning, every family would light a lantern and go to a river or a well to fetch water and back home, then light ____41____(candle), burn incense (香) sticks and offer a sacrifice. Second, people would go to a temple ____42____ honour of the dragon. Third, it is to have a haircut, which ____43____ (view) as a sign of good luck. A saying tells that having a haircut on this day, you would be energetic in the whole year. ____44____ (final), there is a thing about eating: eating long and thin noodles _____45_____(call) Longxumian (Dragon Beard Noodles) which has a symbolic meaning-a long life expectancy.
【答案】36．to show
37．which
38．awake
39．it
40．are
41．candles
42．in
43．is viewed
44．Finally
45．called
【解析】
【导游】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了龙抬头节，中国的农历二月二的风俗传统和庆祝方式。
36．
考查非谓语动词。句意：龙抬头节在中国农历二月的第二天庆祝，以表示对龙的尊敬，祈求农业好天气和大丰收，被认为是春天和农业的开始。分析句子可知，本空要用动词不定式to show作目的状语。故填to show。
37．
考查定语从句。句意：龙抬头节在中国农历二月的第二天庆祝，以表示对龙的尊敬，祈求农业好天气和大丰收，被认为是春天和农业的开始。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的Dragon Head-raising Day，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。
38．
考查形容词。句意：寒冷的冬天过后，春天来了，动物们醒了，但因为冬天，天气是干燥的，农业缺水。根据本空前的系动词are可知，此处应该填形容词，构成系表结构，动词wake表“醒来”，其同根形容词是awake“醒着的”。故填awake。
39．
考查代词。句意：对于这种气候现象，又一个民间谚语说龙抬起头就会下雨。根据句意，此处用it指代天气。故填it。
40．
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在那一天，有很多传统的庆祝活动。there be句型中的谓语动词单复数一般采用“就近原则”，与后面的名词保持人称和数的一致，后面的中心词是activities，所以要填复数形式，描述一般事实用一般现在时，故填are。
41．
考查名词单复数。句意：首先，在清晨，每个家庭都会点燃灯笼，去河边或井里取水回家，然后点燃蜡烛，烧香，献祭。candle是可数名词，根据句意，句中指很多蜡烛，应用复数形式。故填candles。
42．
考查介词和固定短语。句意：第二，人们会去寺庙来纪念龙。in honour of是常见的介词短语，意为“向……表示敬意”。故填in。
43．
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：第三，要理发，这被视为好运的标志。根据本空前的is to have可知，此处要用一般现在时；关系代词which引导定语从句，指代主句中“have a haircut”这种行为，视为单数，与从句谓语动词view是被动关系，此处要用被动语态来表示“剃头被认为是好运的一个标志”，故填is viewed。
44．
考查副词。句意：最后，关于吃有一种说法：吃又长又细的叫做龙须面的面条，这种面条有一个象征意义——长寿。本空要用副词finally，修饰整个句子作状语，意为“最后”，另外，句首单词首字母大写。故填Finally。
45．
考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，关于吃有一种说法：吃又长又细的叫做龙须面的面条，这种面条有一个象征意义——长寿。分析句子可知，call作定语修饰名词noodles，是非谓语动词，与逻辑主语noodles构成被动关系，所以要用过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
五、其他应用文
46．假定你是李华，上周你校组织了一场交通安全知识讲座。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 参加人员；
2. 讲座过程；
3. 活动意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Lecture on Traffic Safety
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
A Lecture on Traffic Safety
All the teachers and students in our school participated in a lecture on traffic safety, which was held in our school last week. The traffic police from our city showed us some pictures of typical traffic accidents. Moreover, they shared some traffic rules with us. Finally, they advised us to pay more attention to traffic safety.
The event had great significance. Through it, we learned much knowledge of traffic safety. More importantly, after the event, we knew how to handle emergent traffic problems and ensure our safety.
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校组织交通安全知识讲座写一篇报道。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
参加：participate in → join in
此外：moreover→ besides
集中注意力：pay attention to → focus attention on
解决：handle → solve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Moreover, they shared some traffic rules with us.
拓展句：Moreover, they shared some traffic rules with us, which keep us from away from danger.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] All the teachers and students in our school participated in a lecture on traffic safety, which was held in our school last week. （运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）
[高分句型2] More importantly, after the event, we knew how to handle emergent traffic problems and ensure our safety.（运用了特殊疑问词how + to do做宾语）
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sam is a brave policeman who often comes across dangerous situations. However, when he was young, he experienced a funny story during his work.
That was a nice day, and Sam worked at the police station as usual. A rich and beautiful woman carrying a purse drove to work. She parked her car in the street outside her office. When she finished her work that afternoon, she got into her car quickly and started driving home as usual. Suddenly, she noticed a yellow car at her back, whose driver was a man with a very ugly look. To her surprise, when she turned left, the yellow car also turned left. When she turned right, the yellow car turned right, too. When she stopped at the traffic lights, the yellow car stopped behind her.
Gradually, fear came into her heart. What should she do? How could she get rid of this terrible man? To deal with this situation, she decided to drive quickly to the police station where Sam worked. However, she was even more surprised when she saw the car still followed her and stopped behind her. “How dare he follow me here?” she said to herself. She could feel her heart beating faster than ever. At that time, Sam was standing on duty outside the police station. Seeing Sam wearing a police uniform, she was more than delighted that she would be safe.
At once, she jumped out of her car and ran to Sam without any delay. Pointing at the man inside the car, she said a bad man was following her and asked Sam to arrest him. To find what was happening, Sam walked towards the man who had stopped his car near the woman’s.
But what shocked Sam was that the man didn’t try to escape when he saw him. Instead, the man looked relieved. Seconds later, the man walked towards the woman and Sam.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The man just smiled and started to tell the truth.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then, Sam was lost in thought and began to talk with the woman.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
The man just smiled and started to tell the truth. Actually, the man just wanted to give the purse back to the woman. He said when the woman got into her car, she dropped the purse on the street unconsciously. The man was parking his car near the woman and saw what had happened. So he started to drive his car to chase the woman. The woman opened the purse and made sure nothing was lost. She bowed to the man, took out 100 dollars and handed it to the man. But the man had left before she knew it.
Then, Sam was lost in thought and began to talk with the woman. He told her that though not handsome, the man had a heart of gold. In addition, he taught her not to judge men by their looks. After hearing Sam’s words, the woman felt embarrassed about what she had done. Luckily, she realized her fault and felt grateful to the man. The woman promised that next time, when she saw something strange, she would not make any judgement until figuring out the truth.
【解析】
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了萨姆在做警察时遇到了一位女士，这位女士认为有坏人在跟踪自己，后来发现是因为女士觉得那个男人长的不好看误会了人家，他其实是想把这位女士的钱包送还的故事。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“这个人只是笑了笑，然后开始讲实话。”可知，第一段可描写事情的真相。
②由第二段首句内容“然后，萨姆陷入了沉思，开始和那个女人说话。”可知，第二段可描写萨姆跟女士讲道理，不要以貌取人。
2.续写线索：害怕——求助——真相大白——感谢——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①追：chase/go after/run after
②意识到：realize/be aware of
情绪类
①窘迫的：embarrassed/abashed
②感谢：be grateful/be thankful/show one’s appreciation/show one’s gratitude
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. The man was parking his car near the woman and saw what had happened. (这句话运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]. The woman promised that next time, when she saw something strange, she would not make any judgement until figuring out the truth. (这句话运用了when引导的时间状语从句)