高中英语上外版必修一期末冲刺之核心词汇-讲义（原卷+解析卷）

 高一期末考冲刺之“词汇”篇 Part 1 Overview  1. 核心词汇的分类2. 上外版/上教版必修1，2核心词汇总览 高频考点1：  一词多性access  account adventure  alternative approach  attempt  balance blame  blank brief   calm   challenge  charge  commentconcern  debate document  encounter  equal  exchange  exhibitexperiment feature figure  function  fund   gain   gestureglance  impact issue  junior  label   lack   limitlink   major measure  panic  permit  pressure  processprofessional range request  respect  reward  ruin   schedulesenior  signal sort   spot   stare   stress  strugglesupply  target tip   trick 高频考点2：  介词搭配access  account  admire  approach  associate  availableblame  calm   campus  capable  charge  commentconcentrate confuse  contribute decorate  devoted  effecteffect  equal  exchange  extent  glance  identifyimpact  inform  lack   limit   link   majorobstacle  occasion  preserve  reaction  recommend referreflect  related  relevant  relief  remind  replacerespect  respond  reward  scene  settle  shortagesolution  spot   stare   stuff   supply  threattransform  trick   typical  wrap  高频考点3：  非谓搭配admit  appoint  appreciate  assign  attempt  blamedetermine  eager  elect    gesture  intend  motivateobserve  permit  recommend  request  select  spotstruggle  target  tend 高频考点4：  反身代词搭配adapt  adjust  involve  reveal
 Part 2 Vocabulary  Classify these words according to their part of speechmajor, spot, occasion, access, available, relevant, remind, blame, comment, challenge, exchangen. _____ v. _____adj. _____, _____n./v. _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, _____n./v./adj. _____ 1. major /ˈmeɪdʒər/adj. 主要的；重大的；主修的vi. 主修n. <主美>（大学专业的）主修学生，主修科目【例句】The major issues in the campaign leading up to the elections were the pandemic and the economy. < Washington Times >【词性及意思】_____, _____【词转】 n. _____ 【用法】 major _____ 主修【搭配】主修心理学 _______________  大多数人 _______________  2. spot /spɒt/n. 点子；斑点；污渍；地点vt. 使有污渍；玷污；发现；辨认，认出【例句】But he was surprised to spot one person in particular dressed up in his band's gear.< BBC >【词性及意思】_____, _____【用法】_____ the spot 在现场  spot sb _____ (do) 看在某人做某事【搭配】盲点 _______________  很容易被发现 _______________  3. occasion /əˈkeɪʒn/n. 场合；时刻On another occasion, a group caught me alone in a classroom, beating me to the floor, because I was Black. < Washington Post >【词转】adj. _____【用法】_____ … occasion 在一个…场合【搭配】在一个特殊场合 _______________ 4. access /ˈækses/n. 接近（或进入）的机会；享用权；通道；入口vt. 接近；进入【例句】Change your password immediately to block access to hackers. < Washington Post >【词性及意思】_____, _____【词转】adj. _____【用法】have access _____ sth 有机会享用某物【搭配】可以获取干净的水 _______________ 5. available /əˈveɪləbl/【例句】It’s not exactly clear when the vaccine will be available. < Washington Times >【词性及意思】_____, _____【用法】sth be available _____ sb 某人可以得到某物 
小试牛刀Complete the sentences with the key words below (1). Human activities such as burning fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas), farming and cutting down forests are a _____ cause of changing weather patterns around the world.(2). In better-resourced national parks, drones are used to make it easier for park keepers to _____ illegal hunters.(3). Most farmers also need _____ to high-quality seeds to guarantee better harvests.(4). We spend more on education, entertainment, business services and all sorts of other products that aren’t _____ in traditional retail stores.
6. relevant /ˈreləvənt/【例句】Unless the subject is relevant to work, I really don’t want to talk about it.< Slate >【词性及意思】_____, _____【词转】n. _____【用法】be relevant _____ sth 与某事有关【搭配】相关的信息 _______________ 7. remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/vt. 使想起【例句】 This time of year reminds Americans that they face a stark decision, one as clear as day vs. night: < Washington Times >【词转】n. _____【用法】remind sb _____ sth 使某人想起某事remind sb _____ (do) 提醒某人去做【搭配】提醒我去买菜 _______________ 8. blame /bleɪm/vt., n. 指责, 责怪【例句】Employers continued to blame poor market conditions, weak demand and cost-cutting for layoffs in August. < Reuters >【词性及意思】_____, _____【用法】sb be _____ (blame) 某人受到责备blame sb _____ sth 因某事责备某人blame sth _____ sb 把某事怪在某人头上【搭配】承担所有指责 _______________  为宠物的死而自责 _______________ 9. comment /ˈkɒment/n.,v. 评论【例句】The White House did not respond to requests for comment on the criticism.< Reuters >【词性及意思】_____, _____【词转】adj. _____【用法】comment _____ sth 对某事评论【搭配】对别人的外貌评头论足 _______________ 10. challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/n. 挑战vt. 向…挑战vi. 提出挑战【例句】They passed the time talking about the challenges of taking classes online. <Washington Post>【词性及意思】_____, _____【词转】adj. _____【用法】challenge sb _____ sth 向某人提出挑战【搭配】面临他职业生涯最大的挑战 _______________向我挑战下棋 _______________ 11. exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/n. 交换；交流vt. 交换；更换【例句】She is hosting two Italian and French exchange students, and during the Halloween season took them to corn mazes and haunted houses. < New York Times >【词性及意思】_____, _____【用法】exchange A _____ B 把A更换成B【搭配】汇率 _______________  文化交流 _______________
小试牛刀Complete the sentences with the key words below (1). _____ kids that social media leaves the messy stuff out — and that everyone has ups and downs.(2). Human beings are to _____ for the loss of ice.(3). Although your major and coursework are _____ to landing a job, they are not the only deciding factors.(4). You can _____ on the stuff you have downloaded or uploaded.(5). HP. com will accept returns or _____ for this product up to 30 days after delivery.
 Part 3 Practice Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Fill in the blanks to make the sentence coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 1. Meg spotted someone _____ (come) out of the building.2. Remind me _____ (buy) some milk tonight.3. He is _____ (blame) for the serious traffic accident because of his drunk driving.4. He exchanged the black jacket _____ a blue one.5 What experience do you have that is relevant _____ this position? 
Section BDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.1. It goes without saying that the language spoken by the _____ of British people has the same name as the language spoken by most citizens of the U.S.A.2. Without a(n) monetary system they _____ goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals.3. Whether you do it through exercise, diet, or a bit of both, it’s extremely _____ to lose those pounds and then to keep them off.4. From cyber-bullying to cruel _____, social media can be a land mine for kids.5. It is a strong _____ of the urgent need to address the far-reaching implications of this problem.6. If you are speaking in a person context, you’re speaking about something that’s of _____ to you.7. Now, more than a decade after the program ended, many of those previously classified files about UFO will be made _____ to the public for the first time.8. Art is actually much more _____ and is truly needed in everyday life.9. Boxers have suffered from head injuries, and _____, fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring.10. Together, the two experiments show that dogs, like vampire bats, can sense weak hot _____. 
Section CTranslation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1. 那些被当场被抓住偷东西的人将会受到法律的惩罚。(spot)  2. 他在报纸上忙于寻找和职位相关的信息。(relevant)  3. 实验室里有一些学生可以得到的实验可用的材料。(available)  4. 既然你已经在网上提前做了登记，就可以免费得到一张展览的入场券。(access) 专题练习1. 在假期学生也能使用图书馆。(access)2. 在生物实验室，教授重点介绍了一些实验可用的材料。(available)3. 说到教育，大部分人认为是一个终生学习。（majority）4. 上海迪斯尼乐园肯定会成为一个值得多次游览的旅游景点。(spot)5. 对于一再挑战极限的人来说，冒险是一种生活方式。(challenge)6. 考官对我面试的表现提出了有帮助的评论。(comment)7. 因为醉酒驾车，他该为这起严重的交通事故负责。(blame)8. 如果下次我再固执己见，请提醒我不要这样做。(remind)