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湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2022-2023学年新高一入学分班考试英语试题
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这是一份湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2022-2023学年新高一入学分班考试英语试题，文件包含湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2022-2023学年新高一入学分班考试英语试题解析版docx、湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2022-2023学年新高一入学分班考试英语试题原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共31页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分）
第一节（共 5小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where des the wman want t g?
A. A library. B. A hspital. C. A bank.
2. Hw des the man feel abut the new teacher?
A. He dislikes the teacher.
B. He admires the teacher.
C. He thinks the teacher is humrus.
3. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He applied fr a new jb.
B. He ran a cmputer cmpany.
C. He knew nthing abut cmputers.
4. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Family. B. Careers. C. Health prblems.
5. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Excited. B. Lucky. C. Cnfused.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man’s hliday plan?
A. T visit Dalian with his parents.
B. T visit America with his parents.
C. T visit Beijing with his friends.
7. Hw lng is the wman’s trip?
A. 5 days. B. 7 days. C. 8 days.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What will the man d n Saturday?
A. Shp with the wman. B. Attend a wedding. C. Stay at hme.
9. What des the wman want t buy?
A A dress. B. A bicycle. C. A backpack.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Hw many peple are there in the wman’s family?
A. 13 B. 23 C. 30
11. What’s the man ging t d fr Christmas?
A. G t a party. B. Travel t Canada. C. Visit his friends.
12. What des the man prmise the wman?
A. T teach her t ski. B. T bring her a gift. C. T visit her family.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Wh is the pen fr?
A. The man’s sn. B. The man’s daughter. C. The man’s wife.
14. What clr pen des the man want?
A. A purple ne. B. A black ne. C. A yellw ne.
15. Hw much des the pen with a red leather cver cst?
A. $20 B. $23 C. $25
16. What will the man prbably d?
A. Buy anther pen. B. Return t the stre tmrrw. C. Wait fr the wman’s call.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was Shakespeare and Cmpany first pened?
A. In 1919. B. In 1941. C. In 1951.
18. What service did Ms Beach’s bkstre ffer?
A. Giving fd t readers.
B. Teaching peple hw t write.
C. Offering beds fr writers.
19. Why was Ms Beach’s bkstre clsed?
A. She faced strng cmpetitin.
B. She didn’t have enugh mney.
C. She was frced t clse it.
20. What d we knw abut Mr Whitman?
A. He used t wrk at Ms Beach’s bkstre.
B. He fllwed Ms Beach’s ways f ding business.
C. He was a regular custmer f Ms Beach’s bkstre.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
What is a family? Why des it matter? What des it teach us that we can’t learn n ur wn? These questins seem especially relevant in the hliday seasn when it is ften ur traditin t gather as families and celebrate tgether.
My mther was ne f twelve children. As they grew up, married and had children f their wn, mst f them lived near enugh t gather fr hlidays at my grandparents’ hme in a small twn in the muntains f Nrth Carlina.
I dn’t recall getting many gifts frm them. I remember the sense f belnging, f being part f smething that assured me I was lved and nt alne.
I delighted in the laughing, playing and fighting with my crazy cusins.
I watched my granddad and uncles sit n the prch (门廊), rain r shine, smking and jking, arguing abut plitics and trying t slve the prblems f the wrld.
I listened t my grandmther, mther and aunts stir pts n the stve and talk abut their lives, hpes, dreams and disappintments, and gssip abut any sister wh failed t shw up.
The fd was always plentiful and delicius – cuntry ham, sweet ptates, green beans, biscuits and my grandmther’s banana pudding. But fr me, the fd was never the highlight. The highlight was simply being tgether. A family.
Hwever, they’re all gne nw. My parents and grandparents, my aunts and uncles have left this wrld fr the next. My cusins are scattered (分散) here and there. And yet the memries linger, alng with the lve that we shared.
I treasure thse memries and the things they taught me. They tld me that families aren’t perfect, but they prepare us t find ur way in an imperfect wrld. They made me realize that all families are crazy in their wn peculiar (独特的) ways.
My husband and I are grwing a new family, while keeping clse t the surviving members f the families. It’s a beautiful blend (混合) f kindness, traditins, nurturing (养育) and friendships, which grws year after year.
I hpe this hliday seasn will fill yu with lvely memries f the family that raised yu, and surrund yu with all the peple wh mean “family” t yu nw.
1. The authr appreciated the gatherings mainly because ________.
A. special gifts were selected thughtfully
B. there was a lt f inviting fd
C. they brught the family clser tgether
D. she gt t see relatives wh seldm visited
2. What did the authr learn frm her families?
A. Imperfectin can be perfect smetimes.
B. Teaching by example is better than teaching by wrds.
C. We have t live with imperfectins.
D. It’s necessary t create peculiar family traditins.
3. The authr wrte this article mainly t ________.
A. share the significance f family
B. describe her family relatinships
C. recall the memries f family gatherings
D. share her thughts abut big families
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过叙述亲人在一起的快乐，以及对离世亲人的回忆说明了家的重要性。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段中“But fr me, the fd was never the highlight. The highlight was simply being tgether. A family.” （但是对我来说，食物从来都不是重点。最重要的是在一起。一家人。）可知，作者认为聚会中最重要的是一家人在一起，因此推断作者欣赏聚会主要是因为聚会让家人们在一起，更亲近了。故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“They tld me that families aren’t perfect, but they prepare us t find ur way in an imperfect wrld.”（他们告诉我，家庭并不完美，但是家庭可以让我们在不完美世界中为找到自己的生活方式做好准备。）由此判断出，作者从家庭中明白了一个道理：不完美的家庭可能会帮助我们适应世界。我们必须带着不完美生活。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“What is a family? Why des it matter? What des it teach us that we can’t learn n ur wn? These questins seem especially relevant in the hliday seasn when it is ften ur traditin t gather as families and celebrate tgether.”（什么是家庭?为什么它很重要?它教会了我们靠自己学不到的什么?这些问题似乎在节日期间尤其相关，因为我们的传统是一家人聚在一起庆祝。）以及下文叙述亲人在一起的快乐，以及对离世亲人的回忆由此判断出，作者写这篇文章主要是为了分享她对大家庭的看法。故选D项。
B
Natural selectin is the prcess by which ne type f animal within a species thrives (兴旺) because f certain characteristics that make it mre likely t live than thers in its grup. The histry f the peppered mth (灰蛾) is an example f the natural selectin prcess.
In nineteenth-century England, certain types f peppered mths were able t better blend (融合) int their surrundings. During that time perid, great changes were happening in Great Britain. The Industrial Revlutin was part f this change, and with it came air pllutin. Natural selectin ften takes hundreds r even thusands f years t ccur. Fr the peppered mth, this prcess ccurred cmparatively quickly.
At the beginning f the Industrial Age, mst peppered mths in England were light-clred and cvered with black markings, althugh a few mths had dark-clred wings. Because the light-clred mths blended int the light-clred bark n the trees, they culd nt be easily seen by birds that wuld eat them. As the air grew mre plluted, hwever, tree trunks became cvered with st (煤烟) and became darker. The light-clred mths became easy fr birds t see against the dark tree trunks. Since the dark-clred mths nw had the advantage, their numbers grew. Within 50 years, the peppered mth went frm being mstly light-clred t being mstly dark-clred.
In the twentieth century, the air cleared up, and the peppered mth ppulatin changed again. As tree trunks lightened due t less st in the air, light-clred mths nce again had an advantage. Their numbers increased as st levels declined. Depending n their envirnment, the clratin f the mths helped them t be “naturally selected” t survive.
4. What d we knw abut the peppered mth’s natural selectin prcess?
A. It was a gd example f envirnmental prtectin.
B. The st levels in England did nt affect it.
C. This type f clr change was typical fr mths.
D. The length f time was unusual.
5. What can we learn frm the third paragraph?
A. Bth kinds f mths preferred the dark-clred trees.
B. Birds failed t see light-clred mths.
C. There were mre light-clred mths than dark-clred mths riginally.
D. The clr f mths was unimprtant.
6. Which wuld mst likely happen if st darkened England’s trees again?
A. Birds wuld eat fewer mths.
B. The ppulatin f dark-clred mths wuld increase.
C. Mths wuld nt be able t stay alive.
D. Light-clred mths wuld disturb peple’s life.
7. We can infer frm the text that in England ________ .
A. there were always many peppered mths
B. birds preferred t eat dark-clred mths
C. trees changed clrs t adapt t the envirnment
D. birds were dangerusly affected by the st levels
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了英国灰蛾因为工业革命和近年来的环境改善的原因，发生的两次不同种群的自然选择变化过程。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Natural selectin ften takes hundred r even thusands f years t ccur. Fr the peppered mth, this prcess ccurred cmparatively quickly.”（自然选择往往要花费上百年甚至几千年的时间，对于灰蛾来说，这一过程发生得比较快。）可知，灰蛾在自然选择的过程中所花时间的长度是不寻常的。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Because the light-clred mths blended int the light-clred bark n the trees, they culd nt be easily seen by birds that wuld eat them. ”（ 因为浅色的蛾子混入了浅色的树皮中，所以它们不容易被吃它们的鸟类发现。）由此判断出，鸟类看不到浅色的蛾子。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“As the air grew mre plluted, hwever, tree trunks became cvered with st（烟煤）and became darker. The light-clred mths became easy fr birds t see against the dark tree trunks. Since the dark-clred mths nw had the advantage, their numbers grew.”（ 然而随着空气污染越来越严重树干被烟煤覆盖并变深。靠近深色树干的浅色飞蛾变得很容易被看见。既然深色飞蛾现在有了优势，它们的数量增加了。）由此判断出，如果英格兰的树干颜色再次变深，那么深色飞蛾的数量会增加。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“As the air grew mre plluted, hwever, tree trunks became cvered with st（烟煤）and became darker.”（然而随着空气污染越来越严重树干被烟煤覆盖并变深。）以及最后一段“As tree trunks lightened due t less st in the air, light-clred mths nce again had an advantage. Their numbers increased as st levels declined. Depending n their envirnment, the clratin f the mths helped them t be ‘naturally selected’ t survive.”（ 由于空气中烟尘的减少，树干颜色淡了，浅色的蛾子再次占据优势。）由此判断出，在英格兰，树木改变颜色以适应环境。故选C。
C
Weather culd pwer the next generatin f smart windws.Researchers have created glass by harvesting energy frm wind and precipitatin(降水)．The apprach ffers an alternative t ther smart windws pwered by batteries,slar panels,and even standard pwer utlets.“The creatin represents a new kind f renewable energy surce,”says Liming Dai，a nanmaterial engineer at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland,Ohi,wh was nt invlved in the research.
Smart glass,which changes its characteristics t blck ut light,has been arund fr decades. Cmmn examples include glarefighting rearview(后视) car mirrrs and windws that change clr fr energy savings and privacy. But many are expensive，and peple are still lking fr ecfriendly ways t pwer the windws. Batteries and plugin utlets aren't apparently “green”,and builtin slar panels can clud r hide parts f the glass.
In experiments,the glass prduced up t 130 milliwatts per square meter,enugh t pwer a pacemaker r a smart phne while it's asleep,the team reprted nline last mnth in ACS Nan. This utput might suit many applicatins,such as being a pwer surce fr hme r ffice electrnics,says cdevelper and scientist Zhng Lin Wang f the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta. Since their first prject in 2012,a lightup sidewalk pwered by ftsteps,he and his clleagues have miniaturized(使小型化) their generatrs(发电机) t create everything frm selfcleaning keybards t sensrs fr security systems.
But Wang and his clleagues still have mre wrk t d befre this smart glass is ready fr cmmercializatin. Nw,the glass has n way t stre the energy it creates. T slve this prblem,Dai says,transparent super capacitrs(电容器) culd be placed int the glass withut decreasing visibility.
Fr nw,the team wants t imprve the energy efficiency f their nangeneratrs. These tiny pwer plants can cnvert abut 60% f the mechanical energy that they cllect int electricity.“The utput pwer is a cnstant gal,”Wang says.“Free energy surrunds us,and anything can happen if yu take cntrl f it.”
8. What is the main idea f Paragraph 3?
A. The research histry f Zhng Lin Wang.
B. The experimental prcess f Zhng Lin Wang.
C. The experimental findings f Zhng Lin Wang's team.
D. The research thery f Zhng Lin Wang's team.
9. What is the weakness f the smart glass?
A. It cannt change its clr accrding t weather.
B. It cannt suit the super capacitrs.
C. It cannt pwer a smart phne.
D. It cannt keep its prduced electricity.
10. Which f the fllwing best explains “cnvert”underlined in the last paragraph?
A. Cnsume.B. Waste
C. Change.D. Reserve.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能供电的智能玻璃。该玻璃可以利用风力和降水产生电能，是一种绿色环保的能源产品，但该产品仍面临诸多问题，如电能储存问题。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容尤其是该段首句“In experiments, the glass prduced up t 130 milliwatts per square meter, enugh t pwer a pacemaker r a smart phne while it’s asleep, the team reprted nline last mnth in ACS Nan.”(在实验中，玻璃每平方米产生高达130毫瓦的电能，足以为睡眠状态下心脏起搏器或智能手机供电。)可知，本段主要讲述了科学家Zhng Wang团队的实验成果。 故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Nw, the glass has n way t stre the energy it creates(现在，玻璃无法储存它产生的能量)”可知，这种新型玻璃的缺点是不能储存它所发的电。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前文“the team wants t imprve the energy efficiency f their na-ngeneratrs(该团队希望提高纳米发电机的能源效率。)”和后文“abut 60% f the mechanical energy that they encunter int electricity.(大约60%的机械能转化为电能。)”可知，此处指这种发电机能把别的能量转化成电能。由此可以猜测，cnvert为“转化”之意。故选C。
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Histry is a recrd f what has happened in the past.___11___The really fascinating thing is that much f histry has been repeated time and again. It allws us t learn frm the past, bth the mistakes made and the successes achieved.
One f the benefits f histry is reading hw ther peple bth famus and ttally unknwn have vercme tremendus challenges in their life. These challenges, althugh particular t a persn, r t a certain time in the past, r ccurring in a different cuntry r culture, all cnvey the same thing.___12___
___13___He encuntered many failures while n the rad t finally inventing the mdern day light bulb. He culd be held ut as an example f a persn wh never gave up.___14___Hwever, he did nt let thse failures stp him. He had a dream and he just kept trying different things until he did reach success.
Or, cnsider the stry f Abraham Lincln wh managed t becme President f the United States even thugh he suffered many setbacks and persnal lsses. Mst f us nly realize the success f Mr. Lincln becming President.___15___His life was nt an easy ne. His stry is ne that mtivates us t keep mving frward n matter what bstacles we have in life.
A. Histry has a lt f influence n us.
B. Take fr example the stry f Thmas Edisn.
C. Histry has sme very unique qualities abut it.
D. I am sure he was discuraged by his many failures.
E. They cnvey wisdm in their shrt stries f perseverance.
F. Few f us knew abut the many challenges he had t vercme.
G. Only thse with curage t face challenges can hpe t live their dreams.
【答案】11. C 12. E 13. B 14. D 15. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述历史对我们的生活是如何进行指导的。
【11题详解】
根据上文“Histry is a recrd f what has happened in the past.(历史就是对于过去发生事情的记录)”以及后文“The really fascinating thing is that much f histry has been repeated time and again. It allws us t learn frm the past, bth the mistakes made and the successes achieved.(真正令人着迷的是，历史的大部分内容都被一次又一次地重复。它让我们从过去的错误和成功中吸取教训)”可知，本句成绩上文继续说明历史的特点：有一些特殊的品质。C选项“历史有一些特殊的品质”符合语境，故选C。
【12题详解】
根据上文“One f the benefits f histry is reading hw ther peple bth famus and ttally unknwn have vercme tremendus challenges in their life. These challenges, althugh particular t a persn, r t a certain time in the past, r ccurring in a different cuntry r culture, all cnvey the same thing.(读历史的好处之一就是能读到其他名人和完全不知名的人是如何克服生活中的巨大挑战的。这些挑战，虽然是特定于一个人，或过去的某个时间，或发生在不同的国家或文化，但都传达了相同的东西)”可知，本句具体说明传达了什么相同的东西，E选项中cnvey对应上文中cnvey。故E选项“他们在坚持不懈的短篇故事中传达智慧”符合语境，故选E。
【13题详解】
根据下文“He encuntered many failures while n the rad t finally inventing the mdern day light bulb.(在最终发明现代灯泡的路上，他遭遇了许多失败)”可知，后文提到了发明灯泡，可知是在以爱迪生举例。故B选项“以托马斯·爱迪生的故事为例”符合语境，故选B。
【14题详解】
根据上文“He culd be held ut as an example f a persn wh never gave up.(他是一个永不放弃的人的榜样)”以及后文“Hwever, he did nt let thse failures stp him. He had a dream and he just kept trying different things until he did reach success.(然而，他没有让这些失败阻止他。他有一个梦想，他不断尝试不同的事情，直到他获得成功)”可知，后文与本句构成转折关系，可推测出本句是在说明因为失败而气馁。故D选项“我敢肯定他因为多次失败而气馁了”符合语境，故选D。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Mst f us nly realize the success f Mr. Lincln becming President.(我们大多数人只知道林肯先生成为总统的成功)”以及后文“His life was nt an easy ne. His stry is ne that mtivates us t keep mving frward n matter what bstacles we have in life.(他的生活并不轻松。他的故事激励着我们，无论生活中遇到什么障碍，都要继续前进)”可知，后文提到林肯总统的生活并不轻松，故F选项“我们中很少有人知道他必须克服许多挑战”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分 40分）
第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day when I was 12, my mther rdered me t walk t the public library and brrw at least ne bk fr the summer. This was ne mre weapn fr her t ____16____ my strange prblem ____17____ t read.
In the library, I sat dwn n the flr and pulled a few bks ff the shelf ____18____ . The beagle (比格猎犬) n the bk’s cver ____19____ my eye. The first and nly animal cmpanin I ever had as a child was a beagle. ____20____, ne mrning, he was gne, given ____21____ t smene wh had the space and mney t care fr him. I never____22____ my beagle.
The beagle n the cver lked ____23____ t my dg. My eyes ran acrss the ____24____ , “Ams, the Beagle with a Plan.” _____25_____ , I had read the title. Withut pening the bk, I _____26_____it frm the library fr the summer.
I started t read abut Ams very slwly and with _____27_____. It was abut a dg wh, like mine, had been _____28_____ frm his family and fund his way back hme. That dg was my dg, and I was the little by in the bk. At the end f the stry, my mind cntinued the final scene f _____29_____ until my wn lst dg and I were, in my mind, running tgether.
My mther’s call returned me t the _____30_____ wrld. I suddenly_____31_____ smething: I had read a bk and lved it. Everyne knew I culdn’t read, but I had read it! Bks were _____32_____ , and I was ging t read them.
I _____33_____ tld my mther abut my miraculus (奇迹般的) experience that summer, but she saw a slw but remarkable _____34_____ in my classrm perfrmance during the next year. Years later, she was _____35_____ that her sn had read thusands f bks, was awarded a PhD in literature and authred his wn bks, articles, petry and fictin.
16. A. avidB. identifyC. understandD. defeat
17. A. unwillingnessB. inabilityC. desireD. anxiety
18. A. n purpseB. by accidentC. at randmD. as usual
19. A. caughtB. fledC. relaxedD. raised
20. A. TherefreB. BesidesC. InsteadD. Hwever
21. A. awayB. upC. inD. ut
22. A. recalledB. disturbedC. frgtD. ignred
23. A. familiarB. identicalC. ppsiteD. imprtant
24. A. cverB. authrC. pictureD. title
25. A. UnknwinglyB. SuddenlyC. EventuallyD. Patiently
26. A. bughtB. brrwedC. gatheredD. rdered
27. A. shameB. reliefC. cnfidenceD. difficulty
28. A. sparedB. dividedC. separatedD. prevented
29. A. reuninB. recveryC. departureD. fight
30. A. wildB. virtualC. realD. remte
31. A. acceptedB. realizedC. learnedD. imagined
32. A. usefulB. encuragingC. infrmativeD. wnderful
33. A. neverB. nceC. ftenD. even
34. A. differenceB. effrtC. imprvementD. achievement
35. A. cnfusedB. prudC. sureD. aware
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者小时候无法阅读，后来被妈妈命令去图书馆借书，被一本封面是比格猎犬的书吸引，因为这本书和作者的经历非常相似，作者读了这本书，并从此爱上了阅读的故事。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是她战胜我无法阅读这一奇怪问题的又一个武器。A. avid避免；B. identify识别；C. understand理解；D. defeat战胜。根据下文“Everyne knew I culdn’t read, but I had read it!”可知作者妈妈是让作者战胜自己不能阅读的问题，故选D。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unwillingness不情愿；B. inability无能；C. desire渴望；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“Everyne knew I culdn’t read”可知作者是没有阅读的能力，故选B。
18题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：在图书馆里，我坐在地板上，随便从书架上拿了几本书。A. n purpse故意；B. by accident偶然；C. at randm随便；D. as usual像往常一样。根据上文妈妈命令我来借书和下文“The beagle (比格猎犬) n the bk’s cver ____4____ my eye.”可知我随便拿了几本书，然后被一本书上的比格猎犬所吸引，故选C。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书封面上的比格猎犬吸引了我的注意。A. caught引起；B. fled愚弄；C. relaxed 使放松；D. raised提高。根据下文“The first and nly animal cmpanin I ever had as a child was a beagle.”可知使吸引了我的注意，catch ne’s eye，意为“引起某人的注意”，故选A。
【20题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，一天早上，他走了，被送给了一个有地方和钱来照顾他的人。A. Therefre因此；B. Besides此外；C. Instead相反；D. Hwever然而。分析可知，上下文为转折关系，故选D。
【21题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意同上。A. away远离；give away赠送；B. up在上面；give up放弃；C. in在……里面；give in屈服；D. ut在外；give ut分发。根据下文“t smene wh had the space and mney t care fr him”可知使送给其他人了，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未忘记我的比格犬。A. recalled回忆；B. disturbed打扰；C. frgt忘记；D. ignred忽视。根据上文的回忆和下文“That dg was my dg, and I was the little by in the bk.”描述可知作者没有忘记自己的比格犬，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：封面上的比格猎犬看起来和我的狗一模一样。A. familiar熟悉的；B. identical相同的；C. ppsite相反的；D. imprtant重要的。根据上文“The beagle (比格猎犬) n the bk’s cver ____4____ my eye. The first and nly animal cmpanin I ever had as a child was a beagle.”以及下文“ It was abut a dg wh, like mine”可知是和作者以前养的那只狗一样，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的目光掠过标题，“阿莫斯，有计划的比格猎犬”。A. cver封面；B. authr作者；C. picture图画；D. title标题。根据下文“I had read the title.”可知是词汇复现，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知不觉中，我读了书的标题。A. Unknwingly不知不觉地；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Eventually终于；D. Patiently耐心的。根据上文可知我没有阅读的能力，所以这里应该是不知不觉地我读了书的标题。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有打开书，我就从图书馆借了一本书，准备暑假用。A. bught买；B. brrwed借；C. gathered聚集；D. rdered命令。根据文章第一句“One day when I was 12, my mther rdered me t walk t the public library and brrw at least ne bk fr the summer.”可知是从图书馆借书，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始慢慢地、吃力地读阿莫斯的故事。A. shame羞愧；B. relief减轻；C. cnfidence信心；D. difficulty困难。根据前文我没有阅读的能力，可知这里是吃力地读，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它讲的是一只和我的狗一样，与家人失散后找到回家的路。A. spared留出；B. divided使分开；C. separated分离；D. prevented阻止。根据上文“like mine”可知和我的狗一样和家人分离，separate一般和frm连用，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在故事的最后，我的脑海里继续着最后重逢的场景，直到我和我迷路的狗在我的脑海里一起奔跑。A. reunin重聚；B. recvery恢复；C. departure离开；D. fight战斗。根据下文“until my wn lst dg and I were, in my mind, running tgether”可知是作者想象着自己和自己的狗重聚，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我母亲召唤把我带回了现实世界。A. wild狂热的；B. virtual虚拟的；C. real真实的；D. remte遥远的。根据上文“At the end f the stry, my mind cntinued the final scene f ____14____ until my wn lst dg and I were, in my mind, running tgether.”可知这是作者的想象，是妈妈的召唤把作者带回了真实的世界，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到：我读了一本书，并且爱上了它。A. accepted接受；B. realized意识到；C. learned学习；D. imagined想象。根据下文“I had read a bk and lved it”可知是作者意识到这一点，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：书是精彩的，我打算去读它们。A. useful有用的；B. encuraging鼓舞人心的；C. infrmative增长见闻的；D. wnderful精彩的。根据下文“I was ging t read them”可知发现了书的好处，书很精彩，很吸引人，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有把那个夏天奇迹般的经历告诉母亲，但她看到了我在第二年课堂上缓慢而显著的进步。A. never从来没有；B. nce曾经；C. ften经常；D. even甚至。根据下文“but”后的句子可知上下文是转折关系，所以never符合语境，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. difference不同；B. effrt努力；C. imprvement提高，进步；D. achievement成就。根据下文“in my classrm perfrmance during the next year”可知是学习成绩的进步，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年后，她为自己的儿子读了数千本书，获得了文学博士学位，并撰写了自己的书籍、文章、诗歌和小说而感到自豪。A. cnfused困惑的；B. prud自豪的；C. sure确定的；D. aware意识到的。根据下文“her sn had read thusands f bks, was awarded a PhD in literature and authred his wn bks, articles, petry and fictin”可知作者的妈妈因此感到自豪。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
____36____(address)anxiety and mental health cncerns caused by the nvel crnavirus utbreak, the Natinal Health Cmmissin has required prvincial-level regins t cmbine____37____(psychlgy) supprt resurces and standardize such public services.
"Clleges____38____ (equip) with psychlgical centers are als encuraged t step up interventin and cunseling（建议） t students____39____ may be affected by the disease's spread," said Wang Bin, deputy directr f the cmmissin's disease cntrl and____40____(prevent) bureau（局，办事处）at a news cnference held n Mnday.
Days f intensive（密集的）wrk had exhausted him and caused him t lse his temper fr a brief mment. The dctr quickly cllected____41____(he) and went back t____42____ (treat) patients.
Yang Fude , Party secretary f the Beijing Hui lng guan Hspital, said many medical wrkers and persnnel____43____charge f registering and screening residents in neighbrhds____44____ (face) tremendus pressure and are pushing their mental and physical ____45____(limit).
【答案】36. T address
37. psychlgical
38. equipped
39. wh##that
40. preventin
41. himself
42. treating
43. in 44. are facing
45. limits
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。为了应对新型冠状病毒引起的焦虑与心理问题，国家卫健委要求各省市地区整合心理支持资源并规范此类公共服务。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：国家卫健委要求各省市地区整合心理支持资源并规范此类公共服务，以解决因新型冠状病毒疫情引发的焦虑和心理健康问题。分析句子结构可知，此句中address作动词，意为：处理；解决。使用不定式作目的状语，注意首字母大写。故填T address。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：国家卫健委要求各省市地区整合心理支持资源并规范此类公共服务，以解决因新型冠状病毒疫情引发的焦虑和心理健康问题。使用psychlgy的形容词形式psychlgical“心理的；精神上的”修饰名词resurces，作定语。故填psychlgical。
38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在周一举行的新闻发布会上，卫健委疾病控制和预防局副局长王斌表示:“还鼓励配备心理中心的高校加强对可能受到疾病传播影响的学生的干预和咨询。”分析句子结构可知，equipped with psychlgical centers在句中作clleges的后置定语，因为clleges和equip“装备；配备；使有能力”之间是被动关系，故填equipped。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在周一举行的新闻发布会上，卫健委疾病控制和预防局副局长王斌表示:“还鼓励配备心理中心的高校加强对可能受到疾病传播影响的学生的干预和咨询。”本句的先行词是students，关系词使用wh或that，指人，在句中充当主语。故填wh/that。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：在周一举行的新闻发布会上，卫健委疾病控制和预防局副局长王斌表示:“还鼓励配备心理中心的高校加强对可能受到疾病传播影响的学生的干预和咨询。”分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词preventin“预防；防止”和cntrl“控制”是并列关系。故填preventin。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：医生很快振作起来，回去治疗病人。动词短语cllect neself表示“镇定下来”，he的翻身代词是himself。故填himself。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：医生很快振作起来，回去治疗病人。短语g back t ding sth表示“回去做未完的事”，因此treat“治疗”使用动名词形式。故填treating。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：北京回龙观医院党委书记杨富德表示，许多负责社区居民登记和筛查的医务人员面临着巨大的压力，正在推动他们的精神和身体的极限。介词短语in charge f表示“负责”。故填in。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：北京回龙观医院党委书记杨富德表示，许多负责社区居民登记和筛查的医务人员面临着巨大的压力，正在推动他们的精神和身体的极限。根据连词and 后面的are pushing可知，前面也用现在进行时。故填are facing。
【45题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：北京回龙观医院党委书记杨富德表示，许多负责社区居民登记和筛查的医务人员面临着巨大的压力，正在推动他们的精神和身体的极限。表示身体和精神的极限，后面用名词复数形式作宾语。故填limits。
第四部分 续写（满分10分）
46. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
What is a family? Why des it matter? What des it teach us that we can’t learn n ur wn? These questins seem especially relevant in the hliday seasn when it is ften ur traditin t gather as families and celebrate tgether.
I dn’t recall getting many gifts frm them. I remember the sense f belnging, f being part f smething that assured me I was lved and nt alne.
I delighted in the laughing, playing and fighting with my crazy cusins.I watched my granddad and uncles sit n the prch , rain r shine, smking and jking, arguing abut plitics and trying t slve the prblems f the wrld.I listened t my grandmther, mther and aunts stir pts n the stve and talk abut their lives, hpes, dreams and disappintments, and gssip abut any sister wh failed t shw up.The fd was always plentiful and delicius. But fr me, the fd was never the highlight. The highlight was simply being tgether.
A family shuld be always separated？
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When it cmes t“tgether”, it ccurred t me that
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
A family shuld be always separated？The answer t the questin is suppsed t be n. Althugh ur parents and grandparents will leave us fr the next wrld, and ur brthers and sisters will wrk and live arund the wrld, as families, ur hearts are all tgether frever. We always care abut and are cncerned abut each ther, s we will never be separated.
When it cmes t“tgether”, it ccurred t me that my family always united tgether fr a wrd. It’s lve. Family is the mst familiar place fr us, where there are ur belved families wh care fr and supprt t each ther. In additin, it's a place full filled with lve, althugh it appears t be s cmmn. In my big family, there are a lts f happiness arund me. I lve my family.
【解析】
【导语】本文以家人为线索展开，作者描述了什么才是家人，为什么家人这么重要以及用自己的亲身经历说明家人的重要，家人之间的爱，拥有家人的幸福等。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一家人应该被分开吗”可知，第一段可描写作者认为尽管一家人不能经常在一起，或者经历生离死别，但他们的心永远在一起。
②由第二段首句内容“说道在一起，让我想到”可知，第二段可描写作者认为家人在一起是因为爱，因为彼此关心和支持。
2.续写线索：家人分离——感悟——家人的心永远在一起——家人在一起因为爱——家人互相关心和支持——感到幸福
3.词汇激活
行为类
①离开：leave/depart frm/be separated frm
②.关心：care fr/care abut/ shw slicitude fr
③.在一起：be tgether/get tgether
情绪类
①.爱：lve/affectin
②.幸福：happiness/wellbeing/be happy
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Althugh ur parents and grandparents will leave us fr the next wrld, and ur brthers and sisters will wrk and live arund the wrld, as families, ur hearts are all tgether frever.（由连词althugh引导的让步状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Family is the mst familiar place fr us, where there are ur belved families wh care fr and supprt t each ther.（由关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句和关系代词wh引导的限制性定语从句）
听力答案：1-20 ACCDB BADDA CBDAC DBBCD
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 20 分）
第一节（共 5小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where des the wman want t g?
A. A library. B. A hspital. C. A bank.
2. Hw des the man feel abut the new teacher?
A. He dislikes the teacher.
B. He admires the teacher.
C. He thinks the teacher is humrus.
3. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He applied fr a new jb.
B. He ran a cmputer cmpany.
C. He knew nthing abut cmputers.
4. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Family. B. Careers. C. Health prblems.
5. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Excited. B. Lucky. C. Cnfused.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man’s hliday plan?
A. T visit Dalian with his parents.
B. T visit America with his parents.
C. T visit Beijing with his friends.
7. Hw lng is the wman’s trip?
A. 5 days. B. 7 days. C. 8 days.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What will the man d n Saturday?
A. Shp with the wman. B. Attend a wedding. C. Stay at hme.
9. What des the wman want t buy?
A A dress. B. A bicycle. C. A backpack.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Hw many peple are there in the wman’s family?
A. 13 B. 23 C. 30
11. What’s the man ging t d fr Christmas?
A. G t a party. B. Travel t Canada. C. Visit his friends.
12. What des the man prmise the wman?
A. T teach her t ski. B. T bring her a gift. C. T visit her family.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Wh is the pen fr?
A. The man’s sn. B. The man’s daughter. C. The man’s wife.
14. What clr pen des the man want?
A. A purple ne. B. A black ne. C. A yellw ne.
15. Hw much des the pen with a red leather cver cst?
A. $20 B. $23 C. $25
16. What will the man prbably d?
A. Buy anther pen. B. Return t the stre tmrrw. C. Wait fr the wman’s call.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was Shakespeare and Cmpany first pened?
A. In 1919. B. In 1941. C. In 1951.
18. What service did Ms Beach’s bkstre ffer?
A. Giving fd t readers.
B. Teaching peple hw t write.
C. Offering beds fr writers.
19. Why was Ms Beach’s bkstre clsed?
A. She faced strng cmpetitin.
B. She didn’t have enugh mney.
C. She was frced t clse it.
20. What d we knw abut Mr Whitman?
A. He used t wrk at Ms Beach’s bkstre.
B. He fllwed Ms Beach’s ways f ding business.
C. He was a regular custmer f Ms Beach’s bkstre.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
What is a family? Why des it matter? What des it teach us that we can’t learn n ur wn? These questins seem especially relevant in the hliday seasn when it is ften ur traditin t gather as families and celebrate tgether.
My mther was ne f twelve children. As they grew up, married and had children f their wn, mst f them lived near enugh t gather fr hlidays at my grandparents’ hme in a small twn in the muntains f Nrth Carlina.
I dn’t recall getting many gifts frm them. I remember the sense f belnging, f being part f smething that assured me I was lved and nt alne.
I delighted in the laughing, playing and fighting with my crazy cusins.
I watched my granddad and uncles sit n the prch (门廊), rain r shine, smking and jking, arguing abut plitics and trying t slve the prblems f the wrld.
I listened t my grandmther, mther and aunts stir pts n the stve and talk abut their lives, hpes, dreams and disappintments, and gssip abut any sister wh failed t shw up.
The fd was always plentiful and delicius – cuntry ham, sweet ptates, green beans, biscuits and my grandmther’s banana pudding. But fr me, the fd was never the highlight. The highlight was simply being tgether. A family.
Hwever, they’re all gne nw. My parents and grandparents, my aunts and uncles have left this wrld fr the next. My cusins are scattered (分散) here and there. And yet the memries linger, alng with the lve that we shared.
I treasure thse memries and the things they taught me. They tld me that families aren’t perfect, but they prepare us t find ur way in an imperfect wrld. They made me realize that all families are crazy in their wn peculiar (独特的) ways.
My husband and I are grwing a new family, while keeping clse t the surviving members f the families. It’s a beautiful blend (混合) f kindness, traditins, nurturing (养育) and friendships, which grws year after year.
I hpe this hliday seasn will fill yu with lvely memries f the family that raised yu, and surrund yu with all the peple wh mean “family” t yu nw.
1. The authr appreciated the gatherings mainly because ________.
A. special gifts were selected thughtfully
B. there was a lt f inviting fd
C. they brught the family clser tgether
D. she gt t see relatives wh seldm visited
2. What did the authr learn frm her families?
A. Imperfectin can be perfect smetimes.
B. Teaching by example is better than teaching by wrds.
C. We have t live with imperfectins.
D. It’s necessary t create peculiar family traditins.
3. The authr wrte this article mainly t ________.
A. share the significance f family
B. describe her family relatinships
C. recall the memries f family gatherings
D. share her thughts abut big families
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过叙述亲人在一起的快乐，以及对离世亲人的回忆说明了家的重要性。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段中“But fr me, the fd was never the highlight. The highlight was simply being tgether. A family.” （但是对我来说，食物从来都不是重点。最重要的是在一起。一家人。）可知，作者认为聚会中最重要的是一家人在一起，因此推断作者欣赏聚会主要是因为聚会让家人们在一起，更亲近了。故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“They tld me that families aren’t perfect, but they prepare us t find ur way in an imperfect wrld.”（他们告诉我，家庭并不完美，但是家庭可以让我们在不完美世界中为找到自己的生活方式做好准备。）由此判断出，作者从家庭中明白了一个道理：不完美的家庭可能会帮助我们适应世界。我们必须带着不完美生活。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“What is a family? Why des it matter? What des it teach us that we can’t learn n ur wn? These questins seem especially relevant in the hliday seasn when it is ften ur traditin t gather as families and celebrate tgether.”（什么是家庭?为什么它很重要?它教会了我们靠自己学不到的什么?这些问题似乎在节日期间尤其相关，因为我们的传统是一家人聚在一起庆祝。）以及下文叙述亲人在一起的快乐，以及对离世亲人的回忆由此判断出，作者写这篇文章主要是为了分享她对大家庭的看法。故选D项。
B
Natural selectin is the prcess by which ne type f animal within a species thrives (兴旺) because f certain characteristics that make it mre likely t live than thers in its grup. The histry f the peppered mth (灰蛾) is an example f the natural selectin prcess.
In nineteenth-century England, certain types f peppered mths were able t better blend (融合) int their surrundings. During that time perid, great changes were happening in Great Britain. The Industrial Revlutin was part f this change, and with it came air pllutin. Natural selectin ften takes hundreds r even thusands f years t ccur. Fr the peppered mth, this prcess ccurred cmparatively quickly.
At the beginning f the Industrial Age, mst peppered mths in England were light-clred and cvered with black markings, althugh a few mths had dark-clred wings. Because the light-clred mths blended int the light-clred bark n the trees, they culd nt be easily seen by birds that wuld eat them. As the air grew mre plluted, hwever, tree trunks became cvered with st (煤烟) and became darker. The light-clred mths became easy fr birds t see against the dark tree trunks. Since the dark-clred mths nw had the advantage, their numbers grew. Within 50 years, the peppered mth went frm being mstly light-clred t being mstly dark-clred.
In the twentieth century, the air cleared up, and the peppered mth ppulatin changed again. As tree trunks lightened due t less st in the air, light-clred mths nce again had an advantage. Their numbers increased as st levels declined. Depending n their envirnment, the clratin f the mths helped them t be “naturally selected” t survive.
4. What d we knw abut the peppered mth’s natural selectin prcess?
A. It was a gd example f envirnmental prtectin.
B. The st levels in England did nt affect it.
C. This type f clr change was typical fr mths.
D. The length f time was unusual.
5. What can we learn frm the third paragraph?
A. Bth kinds f mths preferred the dark-clred trees.
B. Birds failed t see light-clred mths.
C. There were mre light-clred mths than dark-clred mths riginally.
D. The clr f mths was unimprtant.
6. Which wuld mst likely happen if st darkened England’s trees again?
A. Birds wuld eat fewer mths.
B. The ppulatin f dark-clred mths wuld increase.
C. Mths wuld nt be able t stay alive.
D. Light-clred mths wuld disturb peple’s life.
7. We can infer frm the text that in England ________ .
A. there were always many peppered mths
B. birds preferred t eat dark-clred mths
C. trees changed clrs t adapt t the envirnment
D. birds were dangerusly affected by the st levels
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了英国灰蛾因为工业革命和近年来的环境改善的原因，发生的两次不同种群的自然选择变化过程。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Natural selectin ften takes hundred r even thusands f years t ccur. Fr the peppered mth, this prcess ccurred cmparatively quickly.”（自然选择往往要花费上百年甚至几千年的时间，对于灰蛾来说，这一过程发生得比较快。）可知，灰蛾在自然选择的过程中所花时间的长度是不寻常的。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Because the light-clred mths blended int the light-clred bark n the trees, they culd nt be easily seen by birds that wuld eat them. ”（ 因为浅色的蛾子混入了浅色的树皮中，所以它们不容易被吃它们的鸟类发现。）由此判断出，鸟类看不到浅色的蛾子。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“As the air grew mre plluted, hwever, tree trunks became cvered with st（烟煤）and became darker. The light-clred mths became easy fr birds t see against the dark tree trunks. Since the dark-clred mths nw had the advantage, their numbers grew.”（ 然而随着空气污染越来越严重树干被烟煤覆盖并变深。靠近深色树干的浅色飞蛾变得很容易被看见。既然深色飞蛾现在有了优势，它们的数量增加了。）由此判断出，如果英格兰的树干颜色再次变深，那么深色飞蛾的数量会增加。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“As the air grew mre plluted, hwever, tree trunks became cvered with st（烟煤）and became darker.”（然而随着空气污染越来越严重树干被烟煤覆盖并变深。）以及最后一段“As tree trunks lightened due t less st in the air, light-clred mths nce again had an advantage. Their numbers increased as st levels declined. Depending n their envirnment, the clratin f the mths helped them t be ‘naturally selected’ t survive.”（ 由于空气中烟尘的减少，树干颜色淡了，浅色的蛾子再次占据优势。）由此判断出，在英格兰，树木改变颜色以适应环境。故选C。
C
Weather culd pwer the next generatin f smart windws.Researchers have created glass by harvesting energy frm wind and precipitatin(降水)．The apprach ffers an alternative t ther smart windws pwered by batteries,slar panels,and even standard pwer utlets.“The creatin represents a new kind f renewable energy surce,”says Liming Dai，a nanmaterial engineer at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland,Ohi,wh was nt invlved in the research.
Smart glass,which changes its characteristics t blck ut light,has been arund fr decades. Cmmn examples include glarefighting rearview(后视) car mirrrs and windws that change clr fr energy savings and privacy. But many are expensive，and peple are still lking fr ecfriendly ways t pwer the windws. Batteries and plugin utlets aren't apparently “green”,and builtin slar panels can clud r hide parts f the glass.
In experiments,the glass prduced up t 130 milliwatts per square meter,enugh t pwer a pacemaker r a smart phne while it's asleep,the team reprted nline last mnth in ACS Nan. This utput might suit many applicatins,such as being a pwer surce fr hme r ffice electrnics,says cdevelper and scientist Zhng Lin Wang f the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta. Since their first prject in 2012,a lightup sidewalk pwered by ftsteps,he and his clleagues have miniaturized(使小型化) their generatrs(发电机) t create everything frm selfcleaning keybards t sensrs fr security systems.
But Wang and his clleagues still have mre wrk t d befre this smart glass is ready fr cmmercializatin. Nw,the glass has n way t stre the energy it creates. T slve this prblem,Dai says,transparent super capacitrs(电容器) culd be placed int the glass withut decreasing visibility.
Fr nw,the team wants t imprve the energy efficiency f their nangeneratrs. These tiny pwer plants can cnvert abut 60% f the mechanical energy that they cllect int electricity.“The utput pwer is a cnstant gal,”Wang says.“Free energy surrunds us,and anything can happen if yu take cntrl f it.”
8. What is the main idea f Paragraph 3?
A. The research histry f Zhng Lin Wang.
B. The experimental prcess f Zhng Lin Wang.
C. The experimental findings f Zhng Lin Wang's team.
D. The research thery f Zhng Lin Wang's team.
9. What is the weakness f the smart glass?
A. It cannt change its clr accrding t weather.
B. It cannt suit the super capacitrs.
C. It cannt pwer a smart phne.
D. It cannt keep its prduced electricity.
10. Which f the fllwing best explains “cnvert”underlined in the last paragraph?
A. Cnsume.B. Waste
C. Change.D. Reserve.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能供电的智能玻璃。该玻璃可以利用风力和降水产生电能，是一种绿色环保的能源产品，但该产品仍面临诸多问题，如电能储存问题。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容尤其是该段首句“In experiments, the glass prduced up t 130 milliwatts per square meter, enugh t pwer a pacemaker r a smart phne while it’s asleep, the team reprted nline last mnth in ACS Nan.”(在实验中，玻璃每平方米产生高达130毫瓦的电能，足以为睡眠状态下心脏起搏器或智能手机供电。)可知，本段主要讲述了科学家Zhng Wang团队的实验成果。 故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Nw, the glass has n way t stre the energy it creates(现在，玻璃无法储存它产生的能量)”可知，这种新型玻璃的缺点是不能储存它所发的电。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前文“the team wants t imprve the energy efficiency f their na-ngeneratrs(该团队希望提高纳米发电机的能源效率。)”和后文“abut 60% f the mechanical energy that they encunter int electricity.(大约60%的机械能转化为电能。)”可知，此处指这种发电机能把别的能量转化成电能。由此可以猜测，cnvert为“转化”之意。故选C。
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Histry is a recrd f what has happened in the past.___11___The really fascinating thing is that much f histry has been repeated time and again. It allws us t learn frm the past, bth the mistakes made and the successes achieved.
One f the benefits f histry is reading hw ther peple bth famus and ttally unknwn have vercme tremendus challenges in their life. These challenges, althugh particular t a persn, r t a certain time in the past, r ccurring in a different cuntry r culture, all cnvey the same thing.___12___
___13___He encuntered many failures while n the rad t finally inventing the mdern day light bulb. He culd be held ut as an example f a persn wh never gave up.___14___Hwever, he did nt let thse failures stp him. He had a dream and he just kept trying different things until he did reach success.
Or, cnsider the stry f Abraham Lincln wh managed t becme President f the United States even thugh he suffered many setbacks and persnal lsses. Mst f us nly realize the success f Mr. Lincln becming President.___15___His life was nt an easy ne. His stry is ne that mtivates us t keep mving frward n matter what bstacles we have in life.
A. Histry has a lt f influence n us.
B. Take fr example the stry f Thmas Edisn.
C. Histry has sme very unique qualities abut it.
D. I am sure he was discuraged by his many failures.
E. They cnvey wisdm in their shrt stries f perseverance.
F. Few f us knew abut the many challenges he had t vercme.
G. Only thse with curage t face challenges can hpe t live their dreams.
【答案】11. C 12. E 13. B 14. D 15. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述历史对我们的生活是如何进行指导的。
【11题详解】
根据上文“Histry is a recrd f what has happened in the past.(历史就是对于过去发生事情的记录)”以及后文“The really fascinating thing is that much f histry has been repeated time and again. It allws us t learn frm the past, bth the mistakes made and the successes achieved.(真正令人着迷的是，历史的大部分内容都被一次又一次地重复。它让我们从过去的错误和成功中吸取教训)”可知，本句成绩上文继续说明历史的特点：有一些特殊的品质。C选项“历史有一些特殊的品质”符合语境，故选C。
【12题详解】
根据上文“One f the benefits f histry is reading hw ther peple bth famus and ttally unknwn have vercme tremendus challenges in their life. These challenges, althugh particular t a persn, r t a certain time in the past, r ccurring in a different cuntry r culture, all cnvey the same thing.(读历史的好处之一就是能读到其他名人和完全不知名的人是如何克服生活中的巨大挑战的。这些挑战，虽然是特定于一个人，或过去的某个时间，或发生在不同的国家或文化，但都传达了相同的东西)”可知，本句具体说明传达了什么相同的东西，E选项中cnvey对应上文中cnvey。故E选项“他们在坚持不懈的短篇故事中传达智慧”符合语境，故选E。
【13题详解】
根据下文“He encuntered many failures while n the rad t finally inventing the mdern day light bulb.(在最终发明现代灯泡的路上，他遭遇了许多失败)”可知，后文提到了发明灯泡，可知是在以爱迪生举例。故B选项“以托马斯·爱迪生的故事为例”符合语境，故选B。
【14题详解】
根据上文“He culd be held ut as an example f a persn wh never gave up.(他是一个永不放弃的人的榜样)”以及后文“Hwever, he did nt let thse failures stp him. He had a dream and he just kept trying different things until he did reach success.(然而，他没有让这些失败阻止他。他有一个梦想，他不断尝试不同的事情，直到他获得成功)”可知，后文与本句构成转折关系，可推测出本句是在说明因为失败而气馁。故D选项“我敢肯定他因为多次失败而气馁了”符合语境，故选D。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Mst f us nly realize the success f Mr. Lincln becming President.(我们大多数人只知道林肯先生成为总统的成功)”以及后文“His life was nt an easy ne. His stry is ne that mtivates us t keep mving frward n matter what bstacles we have in life.(他的生活并不轻松。他的故事激励着我们，无论生活中遇到什么障碍，都要继续前进)”可知，后文提到林肯总统的生活并不轻松，故F选项“我们中很少有人知道他必须克服许多挑战”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分 40分）
第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day when I was 12, my mther rdered me t walk t the public library and brrw at least ne bk fr the summer. This was ne mre weapn fr her t ____16____ my strange prblem ____17____ t read.
In the library, I sat dwn n the flr and pulled a few bks ff the shelf ____18____ . The beagle (比格猎犬) n the bk’s cver ____19____ my eye. The first and nly animal cmpanin I ever had as a child was a beagle. ____20____, ne mrning, he was gne, given ____21____ t smene wh had the space and mney t care fr him. I never____22____ my beagle.
The beagle n the cver lked ____23____ t my dg. My eyes ran acrss the ____24____ , “Ams, the Beagle with a Plan.” _____25_____ , I had read the title. Withut pening the bk, I _____26_____it frm the library fr the summer.
I started t read abut Ams very slwly and with _____27_____. It was abut a dg wh, like mine, had been _____28_____ frm his family and fund his way back hme. That dg was my dg, and I was the little by in the bk. At the end f the stry, my mind cntinued the final scene f _____29_____ until my wn lst dg and I were, in my mind, running tgether.
My mther’s call returned me t the _____30_____ wrld. I suddenly_____31_____ smething: I had read a bk and lved it. Everyne knew I culdn’t read, but I had read it! Bks were _____32_____ , and I was ging t read them.
I _____33_____ tld my mther abut my miraculus (奇迹般的) experience that summer, but she saw a slw but remarkable _____34_____ in my classrm perfrmance during the next year. Years later, she was _____35_____ that her sn had read thusands f bks, was awarded a PhD in literature and authred his wn bks, articles, petry and fictin.
16. A. avidB. identifyC. understandD. defeat
17. A. unwillingnessB. inabilityC. desireD. anxiety
18. A. n purpseB. by accidentC. at randmD. as usual
19. A. caughtB. fledC. relaxedD. raised
20. A. TherefreB. BesidesC. InsteadD. Hwever
21. A. awayB. upC. inD. ut
22. A. recalledB. disturbedC. frgtD. ignred
23. A. familiarB. identicalC. ppsiteD. imprtant
24. A. cverB. authrC. pictureD. title
25. A. UnknwinglyB. SuddenlyC. EventuallyD. Patiently
26. A. bughtB. brrwedC. gatheredD. rdered
27. A. shameB. reliefC. cnfidenceD. difficulty
28. A. sparedB. dividedC. separatedD. prevented
29. A. reuninB. recveryC. departureD. fight
30. A. wildB. virtualC. realD. remte
31. A. acceptedB. realizedC. learnedD. imagined
32. A. usefulB. encuragingC. infrmativeD. wnderful
33. A. neverB. nceC. ftenD. even
34. A. differenceB. effrtC. imprvementD. achievement
35. A. cnfusedB. prudC. sureD. aware
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者小时候无法阅读，后来被妈妈命令去图书馆借书，被一本封面是比格猎犬的书吸引，因为这本书和作者的经历非常相似，作者读了这本书，并从此爱上了阅读的故事。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是她战胜我无法阅读这一奇怪问题的又一个武器。A. avid避免；B. identify识别；C. understand理解；D. defeat战胜。根据下文“Everyne knew I culdn’t read, but I had read it!”可知作者妈妈是让作者战胜自己不能阅读的问题，故选D。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. unwillingness不情愿；B. inability无能；C. desire渴望；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“Everyne knew I culdn’t read”可知作者是没有阅读的能力，故选B。
18题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：在图书馆里，我坐在地板上，随便从书架上拿了几本书。A. n purpse故意；B. by accident偶然；C. at randm随便；D. as usual像往常一样。根据上文妈妈命令我来借书和下文“The beagle (比格猎犬) n the bk’s cver ____4____ my eye.”可知我随便拿了几本书，然后被一本书上的比格猎犬所吸引，故选C。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书封面上的比格猎犬吸引了我的注意。A. caught引起；B. fled愚弄；C. relaxed 使放松；D. raised提高。根据下文“The first and nly animal cmpanin I ever had as a child was a beagle.”可知使吸引了我的注意，catch ne’s eye，意为“引起某人的注意”，故选A。
【20题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，一天早上，他走了，被送给了一个有地方和钱来照顾他的人。A. Therefre因此；B. Besides此外；C. Instead相反；D. Hwever然而。分析可知，上下文为转折关系，故选D。
【21题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意同上。A. away远离；give away赠送；B. up在上面；give up放弃；C. in在……里面；give in屈服；D. ut在外；give ut分发。根据下文“t smene wh had the space and mney t care fr him”可知使送给其他人了，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未忘记我的比格犬。A. recalled回忆；B. disturbed打扰；C. frgt忘记；D. ignred忽视。根据上文的回忆和下文“That dg was my dg, and I was the little by in the bk.”描述可知作者没有忘记自己的比格犬，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：封面上的比格猎犬看起来和我的狗一模一样。A. familiar熟悉的；B. identical相同的；C. ppsite相反的；D. imprtant重要的。根据上文“The beagle (比格猎犬) n the bk’s cver ____4____ my eye. The first and nly animal cmpanin I ever had as a child was a beagle.”以及下文“ It was abut a dg wh, like mine”可知是和作者以前养的那只狗一样，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的目光掠过标题，“阿莫斯，有计划的比格猎犬”。A. cver封面；B. authr作者；C. picture图画；D. title标题。根据下文“I had read the title.”可知是词汇复现，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知不觉中，我读了书的标题。A. Unknwingly不知不觉地；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Eventually终于；D. Patiently耐心的。根据上文可知我没有阅读的能力，所以这里应该是不知不觉地我读了书的标题。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有打开书，我就从图书馆借了一本书，准备暑假用。A. bught买；B. brrwed借；C. gathered聚集；D. rdered命令。根据文章第一句“One day when I was 12, my mther rdered me t walk t the public library and brrw at least ne bk fr the summer.”可知是从图书馆借书，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始慢慢地、吃力地读阿莫斯的故事。A. shame羞愧；B. relief减轻；C. cnfidence信心；D. difficulty困难。根据前文我没有阅读的能力，可知这里是吃力地读，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它讲的是一只和我的狗一样，与家人失散后找到回家的路。A. spared留出；B. divided使分开；C. separated分离；D. prevented阻止。根据上文“like mine”可知和我的狗一样和家人分离，separate一般和frm连用，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在故事的最后，我的脑海里继续着最后重逢的场景，直到我和我迷路的狗在我的脑海里一起奔跑。A. reunin重聚；B. recvery恢复；C. departure离开；D. fight战斗。根据下文“until my wn lst dg and I were, in my mind, running tgether”可知是作者想象着自己和自己的狗重聚，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我母亲召唤把我带回了现实世界。A. wild狂热的；B. virtual虚拟的；C. real真实的；D. remte遥远的。根据上文“At the end f the stry, my mind cntinued the final scene f ____14____ until my wn lst dg and I were, in my mind, running tgether.”可知这是作者的想象，是妈妈的召唤把作者带回了真实的世界，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到：我读了一本书，并且爱上了它。A. accepted接受；B. realized意识到；C. learned学习；D. imagined想象。根据下文“I had read a bk and lved it”可知是作者意识到这一点，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：书是精彩的，我打算去读它们。A. useful有用的；B. encuraging鼓舞人心的；C. infrmative增长见闻的；D. wnderful精彩的。根据下文“I was ging t read them”可知发现了书的好处，书很精彩，很吸引人，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有把那个夏天奇迹般的经历告诉母亲，但她看到了我在第二年课堂上缓慢而显著的进步。A. never从来没有；B. nce曾经；C. ften经常；D. even甚至。根据下文“but”后的句子可知上下文是转折关系，所以never符合语境，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. difference不同；B. effrt努力；C. imprvement提高，进步；D. achievement成就。根据下文“in my classrm perfrmance during the next year”可知是学习成绩的进步，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年后，她为自己的儿子读了数千本书，获得了文学博士学位，并撰写了自己的书籍、文章、诗歌和小说而感到自豪。A. cnfused困惑的；B. prud自豪的；C. sure确定的；D. aware意识到的。根据下文“her sn had read thusands f bks, was awarded a PhD in literature and authred his wn bks, articles, petry and fictin”可知作者的妈妈因此感到自豪。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
____36____(address)anxiety and mental health cncerns caused by the nvel crnavirus utbreak, the Natinal Health Cmmissin has required prvincial-level regins t cmbine____37____(psychlgy) supprt resurces and standardize such public services.
"Clleges____38____ (equip) with psychlgical centers are als encuraged t step up interventin and cunseling（建议） t students____39____ may be affected by the disease's spread," said Wang Bin, deputy directr f the cmmissin's disease cntrl and____40____(prevent) bureau（局，办事处）at a news cnference held n Mnday.
Days f intensive（密集的）wrk had exhausted him and caused him t lse his temper fr a brief mment. The dctr quickly cllected____41____(he) and went back t____42____ (treat) patients.
Yang Fude , Party secretary f the Beijing Hui lng guan Hspital, said many medical wrkers and persnnel____43____charge f registering and screening residents in neighbrhds____44____ (face) tremendus pressure and are pushing their mental and physical ____45____(limit).
【答案】36. T address
37. psychlgical
38. equipped
39. wh##that
40. preventin
41. himself
42. treating
43. in 44. are facing
45. limits
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。为了应对新型冠状病毒引起的焦虑与心理问题，国家卫健委要求各省市地区整合心理支持资源并规范此类公共服务。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：国家卫健委要求各省市地区整合心理支持资源并规范此类公共服务，以解决因新型冠状病毒疫情引发的焦虑和心理健康问题。分析句子结构可知，此句中address作动词，意为：处理；解决。使用不定式作目的状语，注意首字母大写。故填T address。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：国家卫健委要求各省市地区整合心理支持资源并规范此类公共服务，以解决因新型冠状病毒疫情引发的焦虑和心理健康问题。使用psychlgy的形容词形式psychlgical“心理的；精神上的”修饰名词resurces，作定语。故填psychlgical。
38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在周一举行的新闻发布会上，卫健委疾病控制和预防局副局长王斌表示:“还鼓励配备心理中心的高校加强对可能受到疾病传播影响的学生的干预和咨询。”分析句子结构可知，equipped with psychlgical centers在句中作clleges的后置定语，因为clleges和equip“装备；配备；使有能力”之间是被动关系，故填equipped。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在周一举行的新闻发布会上，卫健委疾病控制和预防局副局长王斌表示:“还鼓励配备心理中心的高校加强对可能受到疾病传播影响的学生的干预和咨询。”本句的先行词是students，关系词使用wh或that，指人，在句中充当主语。故填wh/that。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：在周一举行的新闻发布会上，卫健委疾病控制和预防局副局长王斌表示:“还鼓励配备心理中心的高校加强对可能受到疾病传播影响的学生的干预和咨询。”分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词preventin“预防；防止”和cntrl“控制”是并列关系。故填preventin。
【41题详解】
考查代词。句意：医生很快振作起来，回去治疗病人。动词短语cllect neself表示“镇定下来”，he的翻身代词是himself。故填himself。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：医生很快振作起来，回去治疗病人。短语g back t ding sth表示“回去做未完的事”，因此treat“治疗”使用动名词形式。故填treating。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：北京回龙观医院党委书记杨富德表示，许多负责社区居民登记和筛查的医务人员面临着巨大的压力，正在推动他们的精神和身体的极限。介词短语in charge f表示“负责”。故填in。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：北京回龙观医院党委书记杨富德表示，许多负责社区居民登记和筛查的医务人员面临着巨大的压力，正在推动他们的精神和身体的极限。根据连词and 后面的are pushing可知，前面也用现在进行时。故填are facing。
【45题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：北京回龙观医院党委书记杨富德表示，许多负责社区居民登记和筛查的医务人员面临着巨大的压力，正在推动他们的精神和身体的极限。表示身体和精神的极限，后面用名词复数形式作宾语。故填limits。
第四部分 续写（满分10分）
46. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
What is a family? Why des it matter? What des it teach us that we can’t learn n ur wn? These questins seem especially relevant in the hliday seasn when it is ften ur traditin t gather as families and celebrate tgether.
I dn’t recall getting many gifts frm them. I remember the sense f belnging, f being part f smething that assured me I was lved and nt alne.
I delighted in the laughing, playing and fighting with my crazy cusins.I watched my granddad and uncles sit n the prch , rain r shine, smking and jking, arguing abut plitics and trying t slve the prblems f the wrld.I listened t my grandmther, mther and aunts stir pts n the stve and talk abut their lives, hpes, dreams and disappintments, and gssip abut any sister wh failed t shw up.The fd was always plentiful and delicius. But fr me, the fd was never the highlight. The highlight was simply being tgether.
A family shuld be always separated？
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When it cmes t“tgether”, it ccurred t me that
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
A family shuld be always separated？The answer t the questin is suppsed t be n. Althugh ur parents and grandparents will leave us fr the next wrld, and ur brthers and sisters will wrk and live arund the wrld, as families, ur hearts are all tgether frever. We always care abut and are cncerned abut each ther, s we will never be separated.
When it cmes t“tgether”, it ccurred t me that my family always united tgether fr a wrd. It’s lve. Family is the mst familiar place fr us, where there are ur belved families wh care fr and supprt t each ther. In additin, it's a place full filled with lve, althugh it appears t be s cmmn. In my big family, there are a lts f happiness arund me. I lve my family.
【解析】
【导语】本文以家人为线索展开，作者描述了什么才是家人，为什么家人这么重要以及用自己的亲身经历说明家人的重要，家人之间的爱，拥有家人的幸福等。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一家人应该被分开吗”可知，第一段可描写作者认为尽管一家人不能经常在一起，或者经历生离死别，但他们的心永远在一起。
②由第二段首句内容“说道在一起，让我想到”可知，第二段可描写作者认为家人在一起是因为爱，因为彼此关心和支持。
2.续写线索：家人分离——感悟——家人的心永远在一起——家人在一起因为爱——家人互相关心和支持——感到幸福
3.词汇激活
行为类
①离开：leave/depart frm/be separated frm
②.关心：care fr/care abut/ shw slicitude fr
③.在一起：be tgether/get tgether
情绪类
①.爱：lve/affectin
②.幸福：happiness/wellbeing/be happy
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. Althugh ur parents and grandparents will leave us fr the next wrld, and ur brthers and sisters will wrk and live arund the wrld, as families, ur hearts are all tgether frever.（由连词althugh引导的让步状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Family is the mst familiar place fr us, where there are ur belved families wh care fr and supprt t each ther.（由关系副词where引导非限制性定语从句和关系代词wh引导的限制性定语从句）
听力答案：1-20 ACCDB BADDA CBDAC DBBCD
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