湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2023-2024学年高二上学期入学考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2023-2024学年高二上学期入学考试英语试题（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)略
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
4 Best Places t Travel in 2023
2023 is the year when travel returns in a big way. T get yu started, we’ve runded up sme f the best places t travel in 2023. All yu need t d is pick the place that appeals t yu.
Cpenhagen
With its fantastic huses, clean streets and clrful architecture, Cpenhagen is regarded as the mst livable city n the earth. Named the Wrld Capital f Architecture fr 2023, Cpenhagen will ffer a series f majr artistic events and prgrams sure t delight architects and design lvers.
Bhutan
Fr travelers with a sense f adventure and a lve f discvery, Bhutan has always been a must-g destinatin. In 2023, travelers can nce again explre the Trans Bhutan Trail, which runs 250 miles frm east t west, ffering visits t the century-ld cmmunities alng the jurney. The trail spans (横跨)18 majr bridges and natinal parks and cnnects mre than 400 histric and cultural sites.
Brdeaux
The cming years will be sprty in the histrical wine regin f Brdeaux in France. In 2023, the city will hst the Rugby Wrld Cup, an intense and stressful game. Beynd sprts, Brdeaux is ne f the favrite histrical cities, with mre than 350 structures that are either natinally r reginally listed as histrical mnuments.
Namibia
Wildlife and adventure lvers lking fr a unique path in African Safari trips shuld head straight t Namibia in 2023 — this cuntry in suthern Africa is the perfect place t travel t recnnect with nature and escape the mdern stresses f life. On the wildlife frnt, yu may see lins alng with giraffes and elephants.
1. What is Cpenhagen well-knwn fr?
A. The natural landscape.B. The adventure travel.
C. Eye-catching architecture.D. Famus art designers.更多优质滋源请 家 威杏 MXSJ663 2. What can yu visit n the Trans Bhutan Trail?
A. Mdern cmmunities.B. Cultural relics.
C. Histrical wine regins.D. Natinal mnuments.
3. Which place attracts thse wh want t be free frm stressful city life?
A. Cpenhagen.B. Bhutan.C. Brdeaux.D. Namibia.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了4个2023年最佳旅行地点：哥本哈根、不丹、波尔多、纳米比亚，以及它们的特色。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个小标题 Cpenhagen 中的“With its fantastic huses, clean streets and clrful architecture, Cpenhagen is regarded as the mst livable city n the earth. (哥本哈根拥有梦幻般的房屋、干净的街道和色彩缤纷的建筑，被认为是地球上最宜居的城市)”可知，哥本哈根因其吸引人的建筑而闻名，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二个小标题 Bhutan 中的“The trail spans (横跨)18 majr bridges and natinal parks and cnnects mre than 400 histric and cultural sites.(这条步道横跨18座主要桥梁和国家公园，连接了400多个历史文化景点)”可知，在Trans Bhutan Trail上可以欣赏很多文化遗迹，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四个小标题Namibia中的“this cuntry in suthern Africa is the perfect place t travel t recnnect with nature and escape the mdern stresses f life.(这个位于非洲南部的国家是重新接触自然、逃离现代生活压力的理想之地)”可知，Namibia是一个可以让人亲近自然，逃离城市生活带来的压力的地方，故选D。
B
Derek and Shirley walked ut f the airprt building and int the bright sunshine. Lking up at the brilliant blue sky and then at the faraway muntains rising abve the swaying palm trees, they culdn’t wait t start their hliday.
A taxi pulled up swiftly and silently. Derek drpped their suitcases int the bt and jined Shirley in the back seat. “Palm Trees Htel, please,” Derek said excitedly. “Certainly, sir,” replied the driver, as he turned arund with a flashing white smile. Derek and Shirley gave each ther a puzzled lk as the taxi eased smthly int the traffic. “Excuse me, er, yur face seems very familiar—in fact, yu remind us f that famus film star, Rcky Overtn... but f curse, yu can’t be.”
Derek and Shirley sat in silent disbelief as the driver explained that he was nt a real persn, but a rbt made t lk like a famus actr. “Rcky” explained that the taxi cmpany had purchased the latest mdel f rbt drivers since they were prgrammed t be safer and mre reliable than human drivers. “S, here I am,” “Rcky” cntinued, “yur first rbt taxi driver!”
Derek and Shirley held each ther’s hands mre lightly. “Relax,” “Rcky” reassured them, “there is nthing fr yu t wrry abut. I can assure yu that my driving skills are excellent. I’m equipped with perfect visin and superir reactins, and I knw every street in the city. I am instantly updated with the latest traffic infrmatin s that I can avid traffic jams and get yu t yur destinatin in the quickest and least stressful manner. Please sit back, relax and enjy the jurney.”
Derek and Shirley, feeling a little better, leaned back in their seats and clsed their eyes. “And anther thing,” “Rcky” added, “my line f rbts represents the ultimate (最高典范) in cmputer technlgy. I am beautifully designed, made frm nly the best materials and subject t the strictest quality checks. Therefre, yu are entirely safe with me. Nthing culd pssibly g wrng... culd pssibly g wrng, wrng… g wrng…”
4. Why did Derek and Shirley feel puzzled when they gt int the taxi?
A. Because the driver was a rbt.
B. Because the driver was Rcky Overtn.
C. Because the driver gave them a big smile.
D. Because the driver lked like a famus actr.
5 What d we knw abut the taxi driver “Rcky”?
A. It has the perfect visin and superir reactins.
B. It is the first rbt taxi driver in the wrld.
C. It is instantly updated with the latest news.
D. It has never get stuck in traffic jams.
6. What des the underlined wrd “reassured” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Threatened.B. Persuaded.C. Surprised.D. Cmfrted.
7. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Rbt drivers are perfectly designed.
B. Rbt drivers are able t repeat the wrds.
C. Rbt drivers are nt s reliable as expected.
D. Rbt drivers are nt safer than human drivers.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Derek和Shirley去度假，走出机场乘坐一辆机器人司机的出租车前往目的地的经历。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Derek and Shirley gave each ther a puzzled lk as the taxi eased smthly int the traffic. “Excuse me, er, yur face seems very familiar—in fact, yu remind us f that famus film star, Rcky Overtn... but f curse, yu can’t be.”(当出租车平稳地驶入车流时，Derek 和 Shirley面面相觑。“不好意思，呃，你的脸看起来很眼熟——事实上，你让我们想起了那个著名的电影明星Rcky Overtn……当然，你不可能。”)”可知，Derek 和Shirley觉得这名出租车司机很熟悉，很像电影明星Rcky Overtn而感到很迷惑，由此可知，他们迷惑的原因是出租车司机看起来像著名的电影演员。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I’m equipped with perfect visin and superir reactins, and I knw every street in the city.(我拥有完美的视力和卓越的反应能力，而且我熟悉这座城市的每一条街道。)”可知，机器人司机Rcky说它有着完美的视力和出色的反应力。故选A项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“Derek and Shirley held each ther’s hands mre lightly. “Relax,”(德里克和雪莉更轻地握着彼此的手。“放松，”)”以及划线单词后的“there is nthing fr yu t wrry abut. I can assure yu that my driving skills are excellent.(你们不必担心什么。我可以向你你们保证我的驾驶技术非常好。)”可知，当机器人司机见到Derek和Shirley感到紧张的时候，让他们放松，并说没什么可担忧的，并向他们两个保证自己的驾驶技术是最出色的，由此可推断，这是机器人司机在“安慰”Derek 和Shirley，所以该单词的意思是“安慰”符合语境。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Nthing culd pssibly g wrng... culd pssibly g wrng, wrng… g wrng…(不可能出什么差错……可能会出错，出错……出错……)”可知，机器人司机在说着话的时候出现了问题，由此可以推断，机器人司机并没有如它所说的那么的可靠。故选C项。
C
Cetaceans(鲸目动物) cmmunicate thrugh sund t find fd and t interact scially. Their sunds vary between species and within cmmunities. The lng-finned pilt whales can mimic (模仿) artificial nise, but nbdy had previusly recrded them. A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.
Pilt whales and rcas(虎鲸)，the tw largest species f cetaceans, are ften seen in the same envirnments and are similar sizes, and bth live in scial grups with strng unin, says Charltte Cure, a researcher at CEREMA Lab in France, wh was nt invlved in the study. Orcas cmpete fr fd with lng-finned pilt whales and are ptentially their predatrs.
Evidence frm rca stmachs shws they d ccasinally eat pilt whales. But pilt whales can mb(成群田住) and chase them away, the nly cetaceans seen defending themselves frm the strng enemies in this way.
Mimicry culd serve as additinal defense; “One assumptin is that if they use similar sunds, they may nt be recgnized as prey," Erbe says. Pilt whales eating rcas' fd remains might g unnticed if they use rca-like calls. “This is all underwater," she adds, “s these animals rely n sund fr detecting their prey and predatrs.”Lng-finned pilt whales have shwn an ability t distinguish between rca calls with different meanings; Cure suggests that instead f tricking rcas, the callers culd instead be presenting a new rca sund t ther grup members.
Additinal wrk wuld cnfirm whether mimicry is actually ccurring. Researchers culd pair their listening data with direct bservatins f the animals' interactins in the wild r perhaps even play rca sunds and watch the whales' reactins.
But if a future experiment used predatry sunds, it wuld need t be dne. very carefully.“A reactin t a predatr can be very strng," Cure says.“In sme prtected areas, yu are nt allwed t d mre than tw predatry playbacks per year."
8. Which f the fllwing is NOT shared by the pilt whales and rcas?
A. They cmmunicate thrugh sund.
B. They ften live in the same envirnments.
C. They can defend themselves thrugh mimicry.
D. They always live tgether with ther grup members.
9. What d we knw frm the furth paragraph?
A. The pilt whales mimic the sunds t detect their prey.
B. The pilt whales nly mimic ne kind f the sunds f the rcas.
C. The pilt whales can pretend t be rcas t share the fd remains.
D. The pilt whales can distinguish different meanings f rca calls t trick them.
10. Hw d the researchers cnfirm whether mimicry is actually ccurring?
A. By bserving the whales frm the distance.
B. By mimicking the sunds in the experiment.
C. By analyzing the data frm the cetacean sund bk.
D. By listening r playing the sunds and watching the whales' reactins.
11. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Pilt Whales: Cpy Orca CallsB. Hw Orcas Mimic Pilt Whale Calls
C. Hw Pilt Whales Defend ThemselvesD. Orcas and Pilt Whales: Predatrs and Prey
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与自然，讲述长肢领航鲸拥有模仿虎鲸声音的能力。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段可知，pilt whales可以模仿声音，但并未提及rcas可以模仿声音。A选项根据第一句话“Cetaceans(鯨目动物) cmmunicate thrugh sund t find fd and t interact scially.（鲸目动物通过声音交流来寻找食物和社交。）”可以看出来；B选项根据第二段中的“ ften seen in the same envirnments（经常在相同的环境中被看见）”可以看出来；D选项根据第二段中的“…live in scial grups with strng unin”(...他们都是群居动物)可以看出来。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Pilt whales eating rcas' fd remains might g unnticed if they use rca-like calls.”（如果领航鲸使用类似虎鲸的声音，那它们吃虎鲸的食物残渣便不会被发现）”可知，领航鲸可以假装是虎鲸来分享食物残渣。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。通过倒数第二段“Researchers culd pair their listening data with direct bservatins f the animals' interactins in the wild r perhaps even play rca sunds and watch the whales' reactins.”（研究人员可以将他们听觉的数据和直接观察到的野生动物之间的互动进行匹配，甚至可以播放虎鲸的声音、观察长肢领航鲸的反应）可知，通过播放虎鲸的声音来观察领航鲸的反应。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The lng-finned pilt whales can mimic artificial nise, but nbdy had previusly recrded them. A new study, hwever, fund verlap in the cetacean sund bk.（长鳍领航鲸可以模仿人工噪音，但之前没有人对它们进行过记录。然而，一项新的研究发现，鲸类动物的声音书中有重叠部分。）”，可以得出本文是讲述长肢领航鲸拥有模仿虎鲸声音的能力。故选A。
D
Nearly 10 millin peple wrldwide live with Parkinsn’s disease. While Parkinsn’s is incurable, sme f its wrst symptms can be relieved and cntrlled using medicatins. A majr prblem f getting effective treatment at the right time is identifying the disease sn enugh, befre patients experience the symptms brught n by irreversible(不可逆转的)neurn lss.
But scientists might have just the thing t change the situatin. And it invlves a nse. In a study published in the jurnal ACS Omega, researchers frm China’s Zhejiang University created an “e-nse, ”a prtable device that can detect bdy smells specific t Parkinsn’s patients.
It may cme as a surprise t learn Parkinsn’s patients have their wn smells. But after a retired nurse in Sctland made headlines in 2015 fr a heightened sense f smell that led t her wn husband’s Parkinsn’s diagnsis, scientists have been trying hard t create a device that culd smell the disease befre physical symptms start t shw.
Over the years, scientists have fund peple with Parkinsn’s tend t prduce mre sebum (皮脂)than the average persn. This sebum mixes with ther verprduced substances t prduce certain, unique smells.
T track dwn these smells, the Zhejiang University researchers swabbed(用拭子擦拭)the upper backs f 31 Parkinsn’s patients and 32 healthy vlunteers. Using machine-learning sftware, they were able t identify three smell cmpunds that healthy vlunteers lacked. The researchers then tested the e-nse n sebum taken frm 12 Parkinsn’s patients and 12 healthy peple. The device was fund t be abut 71 percent accurate in distinguishing healthy sebum frm Parkinsn’s sebum.
These are encuraging findings, but befre the e-nse is ready fr clinical use, the team needs t test it n many mre peple t imprve the accuracy f the mdels. They will als need t test whether factrs like race affect the e-nse’s perfrmance in any way. But fr nw, as the number f peple living with Parkinsn’s in the U. S. is expected t rise t 1.2 millin by 2030, a nse might be the best ptin t detect this disease.
12. What makes it difficult fr Parkinsn’s patients t get effective treatment?
A. Its medicatins are in shrt supply.
B. It invlves irreversible neurn lss.
C. Its early signs are nt easy t ntice.
D. It’s nt a curable disease medically.
13. What did the Scttish nurse find?
A. Her husband’s bdy gave ff a strange smell.
B. Her husband had a heightened sense f smell.
C. A smell caused her husband t suffer frm a disease.
D. A smell culd relieve her husband’s Parkinsn’s symptms.
14. What will the researchers d cncerning their inventin?
A. Put it int clinical use.
B. Cnduct a brader test.
C. Create mre lab mdels.
D. Expand its market utside the U. S.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. This e-nse can smell Parkinsn’s
B. Parkinsn’s patients prduce mre sebum
C. Peple living with Parkinsn’s are n the rise
D. Researchers have fund treatment fr Parkinsn’s
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是患有帕金森病的患者在获得有效的救治之前往往很难发现早期的症状，针对于这个问题研究人员研发出了一种可以检测出患者在身体症状出现之前的特有气味的便携式设备——“电子鼻”。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A majr prblem f getting effective treatment at the right time is identifying the disease sn enugh, befre patients experience the symptms brught n by irreversible(不可逆转的)neurn lss.(在正确的时间获得有效治疗的一个主要问题是，在患者经历不可逆的神经元损失带来的症状之前，尽快确定疾病。)”可知只有尽快确定疾病，帕金森患者才能在正确的时间里得到有效的救治，所以可以推断出早期症状的难以发现使帕金森患者得到有效救治变得困难。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But after a retired nurse in Sctland made headlines in 2015 fr a heightened sense f smell that led t her wn husband’s Parkinsn’s diagnsis(但2015年，苏格兰一名退休护士因为她敏锐的嗅觉帮助其丈夫被诊断出帕金森病而上了头条。)”可知这名苏格兰退休护士发现她丈夫的身体发出一种特殊的气味。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“These are encuraging findings, but befre the e-nse is ready fr clinical use, the team needs t test it n many mre peple t imprve the accuracy f the mdels. They will als need t test whether factrs like race affect the e-nse’s perfrmance in any way.(这些都是令人鼓舞的发现，但在电子鼻投入临床使用之前，研究小组还需要在更多的人身上进行测试，以提高模型的准确性。他们还需要测试种族等因素是否会以任何方式影响电子鼻的性能。)”可知为了提高模型的准确性，在电子鼻投入临床使用之前，研究小组还需要进行更广泛的测试。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段主要讲的是电子鼻出现的背景——帕金森病人在得到正确救治之前很难发现其症状，第二、三、四和五段主要围绕着电子鼻的研发，测试及功效展开，最后一段“These are encuraging findings, but befre the e-nse is ready fr clinical use, the team needs t test it n many mre peple t imprve the accuracy f the mdels. They will als need t test whether factrs like race affect the e-nse’s perfrmance in any way. But fr nw, as the number f peple living with Parkinsn’s in the U. S. is expected t rise t 1. 2 millin by 2030, a nse might be the best ptin t detect this disease.(这些都是令人鼓舞的发现，但在电子鼻投入临床使用之前，研究小组还需要在更多的人身上进行测试，以提高模型的准确性。他们还需要测试种族等因素是否会以任何方式影响电子鼻的性能。但目前，美国帕金森患者的数量预计将上升到120万。到2030年，电子鼻可能是检测这种疾病的最佳选择。)”向我们展示了电子鼻的使用前景，对全文进行总结。纵观全文，文章都是在围绕着一种能够测出帕金森患者身上特有气味的电子鼻展开，所以A项This e-nse can smell Parkinsn’s作为文章的标题最为合适。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Strengthen Yur Willpwer
Researchers find willpwer is like a muscle—it may get tired frm ver use. S, if it acts like a muscle, can it als be strengthened? The answer is YES. ____16____
1. Ten minutes f reflectin
Reflectin will give yu the fater results. ____17____ Researchers shw that after just 2—3 days f practicing thinking fr 10 minutes, yur brain will be able t fcus better, yu will have mre energy, and yu aill be less stressed.
2. Wrk n yur psture
Wrk n yur psture fr a 2-week perid. Every time yu catch yurself sluching(懒散) crrect it by sitting up straight. This simple practice can vastly imprve yur perseverance.
3. Use yur ppsite hand
Select a chunk(块) f the day t use yur ppsite hand. ____18____ And frm persnal experience, if yu aim fr mre than an hur, yu will unnecessarily tire ut yur willpwer muscle.
4. Crrect yur speech
Change yur natural speech. ____19____ Again, it takes willpwer t cnsciusly g against yur instincts. It desn’t matter hw yu crrect yur speech, as lng as yu change natural speech habits.
T get started, select a chunk f the day t practice and chse the wrds yu will change. Persnally, I tried nt using cntractins during wrk hurs and it wrked very well.
Abve are sme effective ways t strengthen yur perseverance. D nt try t d all at nce. ____20____ Yu shuld start small and gradually build up as yur muscles get strnger.
A. Training yur willpwer muscle is like training fr a marathn.
B. This even includes resisting the urge t say “hell” instead f “hey”.
C. Yu will be mre mentally strng.
D. With the right practice willpwer can be strengthened.
E. It can make yur brain fcus and resist the urge t wander.
F. Be mre cnscius f yur autmic decisins.
G. It desn’t need t be mre than an hur in rder t get results.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为介绍说明文。文章就“如何增强你的毅力”为读者提供了一些建议和方法。
【16题详解】
根据前文的S, if it acts like a muscle, can it als be strengthened? The answer is YES.可知，D项“如果加以训练，毅力也可以被加强”承接上文。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据下文的yur brain will be able t fcus better与E选项中make yur brain fcus对应，本段介绍沉思对锻炼毅力所起的作用。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据此处前后内容都与时间有关，介绍每天使用相反的手的时间，G选项中的mre than an hur是关键词组。故选G。
【19题详解】
本段内容是关于通过纠正语言来达到锻炼毅力的目的，B选项的内容恰好和语言有关。故选B。
【20题详解】
最后一段中作者建议人们要循序渐进地去锻炼毅力，A选项内容符合此处语境。故选A。
【名师点睛】
在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，正确理解了这些句子后，根据意思的连贯性、逻辑性或者线索词从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。如本题中的第1小题，根据空前句子S, if it acts like a muscle, can it als be strengthened? The answer is YES. （那么，如果它像肌肉一样，它也能被加强吗？答案是肯定的）可知，此处应是对毅力也可以加强的描述，再对比选项，D选项中的willpwer can be strengthened（毅力能被加强）与此处语境相符，由此可确定正确答案。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
This year, hundreds f peple arund the wrld are applying fr a desired jb t run Prt Lckry, the wrld’s mst remte pst ffice. The ____21____ is in Antarctica, and ne f the key ____22____ is the ability t cunt penguins(企鹅).
Each year, the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust ____23____ fur pstmen t live n the island frm Nvember t March. Apart frm being a nearly 80-year-ld British-wned pst ffice, it ____24____ as a museum. Althugh emplyees each have unique ____25____ , they are cperatively respnsible fr preserving the ____26____ place and caring fr the thusands f turists. The staff is als ____27____ envirnmental data cllectin and wildlife mnitring.
Applicants are warned there’s nt much time fr relaxatin and rest. Still, the jb is highly ____28____. The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust gets hundreds f applicatins ____29____ fr the psitin. They are mainly ____30____ t Prt Lckry, bth fr its histry and its scientific significance. Lucy Drman succeeded in applying fr the 2019-2020 seasn. It was a real ____31____ fr her. “Even thugh the jb can be hard at times, there’s a real sense f cmmunity. Yu’ve gt t ____32____ , because yu can’t get away frm each ther very easily. I really lve that srt f ____33____,” she said. “And what yu can achieve here is ____34____. The ttal experience ffers bth a different ____35____ twards the wrld and a new viewpint n yur functin n the planet. ”
21. A. centreB. psitinC. aimD. unit
22. A. requirementsB. characteristicsC. virtuesD. activities
23. A. persuadesB. instructsC. encuragesD. hires
24. A. existsB. transfrmsC. dublesD. develps
25 A. tastesB. talentsC. rlesD. backgrunds
26. A. tempraryB. histricC. grandD. magical
27. A. in favr fB. in need fC. in pssessin fD. in charge f
28. A. paidB. sught-afterC. hard-wnD. respectable
29. A. annuallyB. weeklyC. mnthlyD. daily
30. A. invitedB. devtedC. relatedD. drawn
31. A. jyB. lessnC. effrtD. shck
32. A. get alngB. shw ffC. break thrughD. give in
33. A. lnelinessB. eagernessC. lsenessD. tgetherness
34. A. cnsistentB. rewardingC. ptentialD. pure
35. A. entranceB. answerC. attitudeD. intrductin
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了位于南极洲的洛克雷港邮局的招聘吸引了很多人，在那里员工不仅要收集环境数据和监测野生动物，还要负责数金鹅。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该职位在南极洲，其中一个关键要求是能够数企鹅。A. centre中心；B. psitin职位；C. aim目标；D. unit单位。根据上文“This year, hundreds f peple arund the wrld are applying fr a desired jb t run Prt Lckry, the wrld’s mst remte pst ffice. (今年，世界各地有数百人正在申请一份理想的工作，以经营世界上最偏远的邮局洛克罗伊港。)”可知，此处表示该职位在南极洲，故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该职位在南极洲，其中一个关键要求是能够数企鹅。A. requirements要求；B. characteristics特征；C. virtues美德；D. activities活动。根据空后“is the ability t cunt penguins(企鹅)”可知，此处表示其中一个关键的要求是能够数企鹅。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，英国南极遗产信托基金都会雇用四名邮递员从11月到3月住在岛上。A. persuades说服；B. instructs指示；C. encurages鼓励；D. hires雇用。根据上文“applying fr a desired jb”和下文“emplyees”可知，此处表示聘用四名邮递员，故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词辨析。句意：除了是一家拥有近80年历史的英国邮局外，它还兼作博物馆。A. exists存在；B. transfrms转移；C. dubles双倍；D. develps发展。前面提到洛克雷港是一个“pst ffice”，空后又提到“as a museum”，故此处表示该邮局兼作博物馆。duble as表示“兼作”，故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然每个员工都有独特的角色，但他们合作负责保护历史名胜和照顾成千上万的游客。A. tastes品味；B. talents人才；C. rles职能，角色；D. backgrunds背景。根据下文“they are cperatively respnsible fr preserving the ____6____ place and caring fr the thusands f turists.”可知，此处表示员工各司其职，故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然每个员工都有独特的角色，但他们合作负责保护历史名胜和照顾成千上万的游客。A. temprary暂时的；B. histric历史的；C. grand大的；D. magical魔法的。根据上文“a nearly 80-year-ld British-wned”和空前“preserving”可知，空处表示有历史意义的地方。故选B项。
27题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：工作人员还负责环境数据收集和野生动物监测。A. in favr f赞成；B. in need f需要；C. in pssessin f占有；D. in charge f负责。根据空前的“als”可知，本空应与前面的“respnsible fr”在含义上接近，故用in charge f表示“负责”，故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，它仍然还是很抢手。A. paid有偿的；B. sught-after抢手的；C. hard-wn来之不易的；D. respectable受人尊敬的。根据前文“there’s nt much time fr relaxatin and rest”可知这份工作没有多少时间休息和放松，再结合“Still(尽管如此)”可知，它仍然很抢手，故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：英国南极遗产信托基金每年收到数百份该职位的申请。A. annually每年；B. weekly每周；C. mnthly每月；D. daily每天。根据上文中的“This year, hundreds f peple-desired jb”和下文中的“the 2019-2020 seasn”可知，此处表示英国南极遗产信托基金每年都会收到大量申请该职位的信。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们主要被洛克罗伊港吸引，因为它的历史和科学意义。A. invited邀请；B. devted投入；C. related相关；D. drawn吸引。根据空后“bth fr its histry and its scientific significance”可知，求职者们是被它的历史和科学意义吸引。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对她来说是一种真正的快乐。A. jy喜悦；B. lessn教训；C. effrt努力；D. shck休克。根据前文“Lucy Drman succeeded in applying”可知该职位很抢手，但是Lucy Drman申请成功了，再结合下文中的“I really lve”可知，此处表示对她来说，获得这个职位很让她开心。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：你得与人和睦相处，因为你们不能轻易地离开对方。A. get alng相处；B. shw ff炫耀；C. break thrugh突破；D. give in屈服。根据前文“a real sense f cmmunity”和下文中的“yu can’t get away frm each ther very easily.”可知，此处表示你得与人和睦相处，故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我真的很喜欢那种团结”，她说。A. lneliness孤独；B. eagerness渴望；C. lseness松弛；D. tgetherness和睦相处。据前文“a real sense f cmmunity”和下文中的“yu can’t get away frm each ther very easily.”可知，此处表示Lucy Drman喜欢那种和睦相处，故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你在这里能取得的成就是有益的。A. cnsistent持续的；B. rewarding有益的；C. ptential有潜力的；D. pure纯粹的。根据空前的“what yu can achieve here”和下文中的“The ttal experience ffers. yur functin n the planet.”可知，此处表示你在这里获得的东西很有益。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：整体体验既提供了对世界的不同看法，也提供了对您在地球上的功能的新观点。A. entrance入口；B. answer回答；C. attitude看法；D. intrductin介绍。根据空前“ffers bth a different”及空后的“a new viewpint”可知，空处应为与“a new viewpint”相对应，，表示对世界的不同看法，故选C项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Climate change has caused a rise in sea levels. This has increased the amunt f salt in fresh water ____36____ (use) n castal farms. As ____37____ result, farmers are ____38____ (gradual) unable t use fields clse t the sea.
Hwever, Marc Van Rijsselberg, a farmer in the Netherlands is nw using a ____39____ (mix) f sea and fresh water ____40____ (grw) healthy and tasty vegetables.
He teamed up with scientists frm the Free University and divided a farm ____41____ eight irrigated areas. Separate pipes pumped fresh and sea water, and a cmputer prgram created water with eight levels f salinity(含盐度).
The water levels and the levels f salinity were cntrlled by cmputerized measuring ____42____ (device) called “sensrs”. Mr. Van Rijsselberg said he was able t harvest vegetables frm mst f the eight testing areas. He said the vegetables ____43____ (be) smaller than thse grwn in fresh water. But he said they als had mre sugar and salt, s they tasted much ____44____ (gd).
He fund that ptates grew better than the ther vegetables in the cmbinatin f sea and fresh water. Mr. Van Rijsselberg said fur kinds f these ptates wuld be sent t Pakistan _____45_____ thusands f hectares f land were damaged by salinizatin last year.
【答案】36. used
37. a 38. gradually
39. mixture
40. t grw
41. int 42. devices
43. were 44. better
45. where
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气候变化使海平面上升，对海岸附近的种植业产生了影响，但荷兰的一位农民利用海水和淡水的混合物种出了美味的蔬菜。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这增加了沿海农场使用的淡水含盐量。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词has increased，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，water和use之间为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填used。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：因此，农民们逐渐无法使用靠海的田地。as a result为固定短语，意为“因此，结果”。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词短语be unable t，需用副词作状语。故填gradually。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，荷兰农民Marc Van Rijsselberg现在正在使用海水和淡水的混合物来种植健康美味的蔬菜。不定冠词a修饰名词，空处需填名词mixture，a mixture f为固定短语，意为“……的混合物”。故填mixture。
40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。use sth. t d sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物做某事”，空处需填动词不定式。故填t grw。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：他与来自自由大学的科学家合作，将一个农场分成八个灌溉区。divide…int…为固定搭配，表示“把……分成……”。故填int。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：水位和含盐量是由称为“传感器”的计算机测量装置控制的。空处需填名词作宾语，device为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填devices。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他说，这些蔬菜比在淡水中种植的蔬菜要小。said后面为省略了that的宾语从句，从句缺少谓语，根据said可知，从句使用一般过去时，主语为the vegetables，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填were。
【44题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：但他说，它们也含有更多的糖和盐，所以味道要好得多。tasted为系动词，后面接形容词作表语，much修饰形容词比较级。故填better。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Van Rijsselberg先生说，四种土豆将被送往巴基斯坦，那里去年有数千公顷的土地因盐碱化而受损。空处引导定语从句，先行词Pakistan在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你将来要开一家餐馆或面包店，请你用英语简单描述。要点：
1. 开店地点；
2. 目标消费者；
3. 经营方向及特色。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I’ve always wanted t pen a dessert parlr since I was little, because I have a sweet tth, there’s nthing in the wrld I’d like mre than t eat sweets every day. S yu see, t run a small business like that wuld be a dream cme true fr me.
If it’s pssible, I wuld like t pen my shp as sn as I graduate frm cllege, and I prefer t d it in a freign cuntry, because I want t intrduce traditinal Chinese desserts t freign friends. We knw that Chinese cuisine is ppular all arund the glbe, but nt many peple knw abut Chinese pastry and stuff, s I guess it wuld be a gd pprtunity fr freigners t get t knw mre abut ur desserts. And n ffence, but in my persnal pinin, they are mre palatable than thse western deserts.
And the decratin in my parlr must be full f Chinese flavr as well. The main clr f the rm wuld be Chinese red, which brings passin.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇开放性作文。要求考生英语简单描述自己将来要开一家餐馆或面包店的情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要做某事：want t d sth.→wuld like t d sth.
充满：be full f→be filled with
在我看来：in my pinin→as far as I’m cncerned
了解：knw→understand
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：And the decratin in my parlr must be full f Chinese flavr as well.
拓展句：And the decratin in my parlr must be full f Chinese flavr as well, which is wnderful.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
If it’s pssible, I wuld like t pen my shp as sn as I graduate frm cllege, and I prefer t d it in a freign cuntry, because I want t intrduce traditinal Chinese desserts t freign friends.（运用了if引导条件状语从句，because引导原因状语从句）
[高分句型2]
The main clr f the rm wuld be Chinese red, which brings passin.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Jackie came t his first pian lessn in his mther’s car, he was already 11 years ld. I preferred students begin at an earlier age, but wing t his insistence(坚持), I tk him as a student. As much as Jackie tried, he lacked the sense f tne and basic rhythm (节奏). At the end f each lessn, he’d say, “My mm’s ging t hear me play smeday.” But it seemed hpeless. I nly knew his mther frm a distance as she waited in her aged car, but never stepped in.
Then ne day Jackie stpped cming t ur lessns. I thught abut calling him but assumed, because f his lack f ability, that he had decided t quit. I als was glad that he stpped cming — he was a bad advertisement fr my teaching!
Several weeks later I mailed t the students’ hmes a letter n the upcming cncert. Surprisingly, Jackie received and asked me if he culd be in the cncert. I tld him that the cncert was nt fr drputs, but fr current pupils. He said that his mm had been sick and unable t take him t pian lessns but he was still practicing. I didn’t knw what led me t agree eventually.
The night fr the cncert came. The high schl gymnastics was packed with parents and friends. I put up Jackie last in the prgram. I thught that any damage he wuld d wuld cme at the end f the prgram and the negative effect wuld reduce t the minimum (最小值).
The cncert went ff smthly. Then Jackie came up n stage. His clthes were wrinkled (皱巴巴的) and his hair lked messy (凌乱的). “Why didn’t his mther at least make him cmb his hair fr this special night?” I thught.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答
Unexpectedly, Jackie chse Mzart’s Cncert 21 in C Majr.________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I held Jackie firmly in great jy, asking “Hw did yu d it?”________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Unexpectedly, Jackie chse Mzart’s Cncert 21 in C Majr. Jackie pulled ut the pian bench and began his perfrmance. In fact, I was nt fully prepared fr what I heard next. His fingers were dancing n keys, which made me extremely shcked. Never had I heard Mzart played s well by peple f his age. After six and a half minutes, he ended up very well. Everyne at present was wild with great excitement and was n their feet, breaking int lud applause. After the perfrmance, he stepped ff the stage.
I held Jackie firmly in great jy, asking “Hw did yu d it?” “Well…remember I tld yu my mm was sick?” He explained, with tears rlling in her eyes, “In the past few mnths, she has always accmpanied and encuraged me. Actually she had cancer, with little chance t survive. Tday, I didn’t let her dwn.” After hearing his wrd, tears were welling up in my eyes. And at that mment, I realized it was he that taught me the true meaning f perseverance and lve.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者接收了一个来学钢琴的学生Jackie，虽然Jackie很努力，但是一直缺乏乐感，每次下课后他总是说：“我妈妈总有一天会听到我演奏的”。但是他一直没有进展。有一天，Jackie没有来上课，作者以为他放弃了，但是几周之后，当作者要举办音乐会时，Jackie来了，并恳求作者答应让他上台表演。作者最终答应了。音乐会那晚，作者看到Jackie后很担心他把自己的音乐会搞砸了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“出乎意料地，Jackie选择了演奏Mzart’s Cncert C大调第21协奏曲。”可知，第一段可描写Jackie在舞台上的表现，观众的反应以及作者心情的变化。
②由第二段首句内容“我开心地紧紧抓住Jackie，并问他：你是怎么做到的？”可知，第二段可描写Jackie讲述自己能做到的原因以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：惊讶——担心——开心——问原因——解释——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①演奏：dancing n keys / played s well / marvelled at his excellent pian playing
②.眼含热泪：tears rlling in his eyes / tears welling up
情绪类
①.惊讶的：shcked/astnished/amazed
②.兴奋的：wild with great excitement / thrilled/breaking int lud applause
【点睛】[高分句型1]. His fingers were dancing n keys, which made me extremely shcked.（由连接词which引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. Never had I heard Mzart played s well by peple f his age.（否定词Never放句首，句子部分倒装）
[高分句型3]. And at that mment, I realized it was he that taught me the true meaning f perseverance and lve.（强调句型）