英语必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration练习题

课时分层作业(十)

Ⅰ.单词拼写

根据汉语或首字母提示写出下列单词

1．As the saying goes“Mystery creates wonder and wonder is basis of man's desire(渴望) to understand it.”

2．He put down the election procedure(程序) for astronauts on the blackboard.

3．It is known that Yang Liwei is a famous astronaut(宇航员) in China.

4．They had to do a lot of mental and physical training before being sent into space.

5．He must be intelligent enough to be admitted into the key university.

6．Now the country has succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity．

7．Unfortunately astronauts on America's Challenger died during the launch(发射)．

8．He was very disappointed at the news that his parents can't see him off at the airport.

9．He reads English words every morning since he has been determined to learn English well.

10．He has lived and learned independently(独立地) at abroad since he was 16 years old.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

With today's pressures, play is one of the most ignored privileges (特权) of a child, and for this reason, there is a special day devoted to play—World Play Day. It is celebrated on 28 May each year in over 40 countries around the world.

Nationally, World Play Day has been celebrated at various Toy Libraries，ECD Centers and Government Departments for the past five years. Each year  has seen a new theme and a new focus, although the aim is always the same—for children to let go of the stresses of daily life and play.

The theme of the inaugural World Play Day in 2014 was “we create time  to play”. In 2015 it was “play is fun”； 2016 focused on “play for all ages”； 2017 saw the theme “sustainable (可持续的) play” take to the stage; at the theme of 2018 is “free play”．

Vanessa Mentor, the Early Childhood Development expert at Afrika Tikkun, says, “Play is of the greatest importance for the developing child.It is through play at an early age that children learn to connect with the world around them and interact with the people in their lives. Play allows them to explore the world，develop new abilities, overcome fears and increase their confidence.It allows children to use their imagination and creativity. Physical play also leads to active lifestyles and healthy bodies.This year's ‘free play’ is held in a perfect time when children feel themselves most free.Play time is their time.”

So, whether you have children, play with them, by considering yourself as“a big kid”. Anyone can celebrate World Play Day on 28 May.

【语篇解读】　本文语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是节日。目前，世界上有四十多个国家在五月二十八日这一天庆祝世界玩耍日。

1．Which of the following is the reason why World Play Day is created?

A．There is little attention paid to play.

B．Play is important to children's development.

C．Children connect with the world through play.

D．Modern children badly need a day of their own.

A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With today's pressures，play is one of the most ignored privileges(特权) of a child，and for this reason，there is a special day devoted to play—World Play Day.”可知，由于当今各种压力，玩耍作为孩子的一项特权遭到了忽视，为此，世界玩耍日被创建。]

2．What is the aim of World Play Day?

A．To increase children's confidence.

B．To help children ease their stress and play.

C．To encourage children to lead an active lifestyle.

D．To improve children's imagination and creativity.

B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each year has seen a new theme and a new focus，although the aim is always the same—for children to let go of the stresses of daily life and play.”可知，世界玩耍日的目的是让孩子释放压力去玩耍。]

3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “inaugural” in  Paragraph 3?

A．Previous.　　　 B．Following.

C．Special. D．First.

D　[词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“World Play Day has been celebrated...for the past five years”和本段描述可知，2014年举办了首届世界玩耍日。]

4．Why does the author quote Vanessa Mentor?

A．To introduce the theme of the 2018 World Play Day.

B．To encourage us to celebrate World Play Day.

C．To stress the importance of play to children.

D．To advise children to play freely.

C　[推理判断题。根据Vanessa Mentor 所说的“Play is of the greatest importance for the developing child...”可知，玩耍对于孩子的成长具有重要的作用，作者通过引用她的话旨在强调玩耍对于孩子的重要性。]

B

I've always believed that sharing a meal together is important, whether it's with family or friends. It creates community, and community gives you a sense of belonging.Now, I can add another reason to my list: eating together is good for your well­being.A recent study of 8，250 British adults found that people who always eat alone scored 7.9 points lower in happiness than those who eat regularly with others. The only other thing more likely to make you unhappy than eating alone is mental (心理的) illness.

More happiness is a good motivator for you to eat together with your family or friends. Remember, it's the dining together that's important, not necessarily the food you eat. You can connect with people over pizza as easily as you can over roast beef.I'd encourage you to make that connection last as long as possible, too. Take your time.Practice what the Italians call conviviality(欢宴)．

For the Italians, conviviality involves friendliness, conversation and sharing food and drink while focusing on the people you're with. Everyone sits at a table.Meals can take hours and come out in various courses. Electronic devices (设备) are rarely pulled out. The meal, along with the company it creates, is the entertainment for the evening.Once dinner is on the table, eat slowly and keep the conversations flowing.

One of the authors of the British study, Psychology Professor Robin Dunbar of Oxford University, said they “simply don't know” why people who eat together are happier.Maybe they haven't scientifically been able to reach a conclusion, but I'm willing to guess it has to do with being in a community and making connections. Either way, it's a good excuse to try this approach the next time you find yourself eating alone.

【语篇解读】　本文语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是社会行为。研究表明与他人一起进餐我们会感到更快乐，因此作者向我们推荐被称作“意大利欢宴”的用餐模式。

5．What does the study show according to Paragraph 1?

A．We should not eat out too often.

B．Eating together makes people happier.

C．We should eat together with people we like.

D．Eating alone is likely to cause mental illness.

B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A recent study of 8，250 British adults found that people who always eat alone scored 7.9 points lower in happiness than those who eat regularly with others”和最后一段中的“...they‘simply don't know’why people who eat together are happier”可知，研究表明与他人一起进餐会让人更快乐。]

6．According to the text, what is relatively important to a meal?

A．Food you eat.

B．Eating with others.

C．People you are with.

D．Conversations you have.

B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Remember，it's the dining together that's important，not necessarily the food you eat”可知，作者认为对于用餐这件事情来说重要的是和他人一起吃饭这个行为，而不是食物或其他因素。]

7．Which of the following is TRUE about the Italian conviviality?

A．It has a special theme.

B．Pizza is the best choice.

C．Its aim is to share information.

D．People eat slowly and talk freely during it.

D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Once dinner is on the table，eat slowly and keep the conversations flowing”可知，意大利欢宴时刻，人们通常慢慢用餐，无拘无束地交谈。]

8．What can be concluded from the text?

A．Connection with others is good for our mental health.

B．It is difficult to decide on people's level of happiness.

C．It is clear why eating together makes people happier.

D．Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as before.

A　[推理判断题。结合全文并根据最后一段中的“I'm willing to guess it has to do with being in a community and making connections”可推知，作者认为和他人一起进餐会使我们有归属感，而与他人的这种接触正是共同进餐会使我们更快乐的原因，即，与他人的接触对我们的心理健康有好处。]

Ⅲ.阅读七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Life is so much better when we are happy. It just seems to be easier to get through the day when you feel good.  1   If you try to do these things in your daily life, you will be a happier person.

They spend time with other happy people.  2   There are even studies conducted to prove that if you stay with happy people, you will feel happier，too. By surrounding yourself with happy and positive people, you will be happier，too.

  3   Happy people enjoy and appreciate little things in life, like a beautiful day, the flowers in the park, or even a cup of tea.You will feel a lot better when you are happy with all the little things around you. Be grateful for what you have, even if it isn't much.

They listen.   4   However, happy people always listen to others. When you listen, you can get to really know what they think, and how they feel. You can also gain more knowledge and enjoy their experiences. Listening is also a key to good relationships.

They give.Good deeds contribute to a happy life.Happy people will want to help other people.  5 

A．They forget about time.

B．They are grateful for little things.

C．Naturally, we all want to talk and be heard.

D．There are some simple habits that happy people have.

E．The people you hang out with have a big influence on your life.

F．To be happy, find yourself a hobby which you can give your full attention to.

G．Helping others by giving will make you happier and more satisfied with your life.

【语篇解读】　本文语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是生活。文章介绍了快乐的人的一些习惯。

1．D　[根据空后内容如果你做这些事，你将会变得快乐可知，D项“快乐的人的一些简单的习惯”符合语境。]

2．E　[空前提到他们会和快乐的人待在一起，因为和你一起出去的人会对你的生活有影响，故选E项。]

3．B　[本段主要讲快乐的人会欣赏和感恩于生活中的小事情，B项与本段内容吻合，总领该段。]

4．C　[根据空后的转折快乐的人总是倾听别人可知，C项“当然，我们都喜欢说和被倾听”符合逻辑。]

5．G　[空前提到快乐的人会想要帮助别人，因为帮助别人会让你更开心和对生活更满意，故选G项。]