2023版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价5Unit4NaturalDisasters新人教版必修第一册

这是一份2023版高考英语一轮总复习课时质量评价5Unit4NaturalDisasters新人教版必修第一册，共8页。

题型组合练——阅读理解＋七选五＋完形填空＋应用文写作
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2021·山东重点中学联考)As my husband and I drve dwn a cuntry rad, we passed a fire statin with a sign that read, “Are yu ready fr the next strm？” Our area had just been in the path f Hurricane Irma, causing dwned trees and utages. We were stuck in the dark and cut ff frm the utside wrld.
We have had ur share f strms in the past — a snwstrm and ther heavy snws that kncked dwn trees, smetimes up t a week at a time. Thse days in a cld huse weren't fun, but we learned s much frm thse early strms, things that made later strms easier t bear.
Nw we have stred up flashlights, lanterns and candles. We bught a battery­perated radi t keep up with the news. We stcked up n batteries s that we'd have plenty fr extended pwer failures. We make sure ur grill (烤架) is ready and its tank is full, and we purchase fd that can be easily prepared and then cked r heated n the grill. And we dn't frget t buy emergency chclate! We have bk lights t read in the dark. We keep ur car gas tanks full and have emergency cash n hand.
We're ready fr the next strm, but we wuldn't have learned t d all thse things if we hadn't encuntered a strm in the past. The same is true spiritually. Thse little strms in ur lives are never fun, but they prepare us fr the big strms — the big trials — that will cme ur way. They can teach us sme valuable lessns.
Are yu ready fr the next strm? Nw is the time t get ready ... nt when the strm arrives.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者一家经历过暴风雨后懂得了如何为下一次暴风雨做好准备。作者通过自身经历告诉我们要未雨绸缪，要为人生中出现的困境随时做好准备。
1. Which can replace the underlined wrd “utages” in Paragraph 1?
A. Weather change.
B. Virus spreading.
C. Pwer failure.
D. Emtinal reactin.
C 词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句“We were stuck in the dark and cut ff frm the utside wrld.”可知，作者和丈夫被困在黑暗中与外界失去联系。根据“in the dark”可以猜测“utages”意为“停电”。故选C。
2. What des Paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A. The lessns that strms can teach us.
B. The imprtance f being ready fr strms.
C. The necessities the authr bught fr her daily life.
D. The preparatins the authr made fr the next strm.
D 段落大意题。第三段主要提到作者一家准备了随时照明用的东西、电池，还有烤架、食物，汽车油箱也加满了油，手头还有应急现金。由此可知，第三段主要讲述了作者为以后的暴风雨所做的准备。故选D。
3. What des the authr think f experiencing the past strms?
A. It was rewarding.
B. It was annying.
C. It was thrilling.
D. It was frightening.
A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“but we wuldn't have learned t d all thse things if we hadn't encuntered a strm in the past”以及“They can teach us sme valuable lessns.”可知，作者认为以前经历的暴风雨教会了他们一些重要的东西。由此可以推断，作者认为曾经经历过的暴风雨对他们是有益的。故选A。
4. What can we learn frm the authr's stry?
A. Things will wrk ut.
B. Keep smething fr a rainy day.
C. Dn't stp regardless f the weather.
D. Sunshine always cmes after the strm.
B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Nw is the time t get ready ... nt when the strm arrives.”可知，作者认为现在要为以后的暴风雨做准备，而不是当暴风雨来临的时候才准备。由此可以推断，作者的故事告诉我们一定要未雨绸缪。故选B。
B
(2021·湖北八市高三联考)As the effects f climate change becme mre disastrus, well­knwn research institutins and gvernment agencies are fcusing new mney and attentin n an idea: artificially cling the planet, in the hpes f buying humanity mre time t cut greenhuse gas emissins.
That strategy, called slar climate interventin (干预) r slar geengineering, invlves reflecting mre f the sun's energy back int space — abruptly reducing glbal temperatures in a way that imitates the effects f ash cluds flwing ut frm the vlcanic eruptins. The idea has been cnsidered as a dangerus and fancied slutin, ne that wuld encurage peple t keep burning fssil fuels while expsing the planet t unexpected and ptentially threatening side effects, prducing mre destructive hurricanes, wildfires, flds and ther disasters.
But as glbal warming cntinues, prducing mre destructive hurricanes, wildfires, flds and ther disasters, sme researchers and plicy experts say that cncerns abut geengineering shuld be utweighed by the imperative t better understand it, in case the cnsequence f climate change shuld becme s terrible that the wrld can't wait fr better slutins.
One way t cl the Earth is by injecting aersls (气溶胶) int the upper layer f the atmsphere, where thse particles reflect sunlight away frm the Earth. That prcess wrks, accrding t Duglas MacMartin, a researcher at Crnell University.
“We knw with 100% certainty that we can cl the planet，” he said in an interview. What's still unclear, he added, is what happens next. Temperature, MacMartin said, is an indicatr fr a lt f climate effects. “What des it d t the strength f hurricanes？” he asked. “What des it d t agriculture prductin? What des it d t the risk f frest fires？”
Anther institutin funded by the Natinal Science Fundatin will analyse hundreds f simulatins f aersl injectin, testing the effects n weather extremes arund the wrld. One gal f the research is t lk fr a sweet spt: the amunt f artificial cling that can reduce extreme weather events withut causing brader changes in reginal rainfall patterns r similar impacts.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球气候变化带来各种灾难性的天气，政府和相关研究机构提出的各种可能的应对办法。
5. Why d researchers and gvernment agencies wrk n cling the Earth?
A. T prevent natural disasters.
B. T win mre time t reduce greenhuse gas emissins.
C. T imitate vlcanic eruptins.
D. T encurage mre peple t burn fssil fuels.
B 细节理解题。根据第一段的内容尤其是最后一句中的“in the hpes f buying humanity mre time t cut greenhuse gas emissins”可知，研究者和政府机构给地球降温是为了赢得更多的时间来减少温室气体的排放。故选B。
6. What are researchers wrried abut in terms f glbal warming?
A. Mre vlcanes will thrw ut.
B. Mre slar energy will g int space.
C. Mre disasters will endanger the future f the wrld.
D. Peple will keep burning fssil fuels t keep warm.
C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“sme researchers and plicy experts say that cncerns abut geengineering shuld be utweighed by the imperative t better understand it, in case the cnsequence f climate change shuld becme s terrible that the wrld can't wait fr better slutins”可知，研究者担心全球变暖造成的各种灾难可能会让未来的世界处于危险中。故选C。
7. What can be inferred frm Duglas' wrds in an interview?
A. He thinks mre research remains t be dne.
B. He is ptimistic abut the effect f cling the Earth.
C. He is cncerned abut the reductin in agriculture prductin.
D. He disapprves f the practice f slar climate interventin.
A 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“‘What des it d t the strength f hurricanes？’ he asked. ‘What des it d t agriculture prductin? What des it d t the risk f frest fires？’”可知，Duglas认为还有很多疑问没有解开，所以还有很多研究有待去做。故选A。
8. What d the underlined wrds “a sweet spt” in the last paragraph mean?
A. The rainfall pattern f a regin.
B. The mdest drp in temperature.
C. The number f extreme weather events.
D. The injectin amunt f aersl.
B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“the amunt f artificial cling that can reduce extreme weather events withut causing brader changes in reginal rainfall patterns r similar impacts”可知，人工降温的量要适度，既可以解决气候变暖带来的极端天气，又不会给气候造成太大的影响，因此“a sweet spt”指的是适度的降温。故选B。
Ⅱ. 七选五
Since the 1980s ec­turism has grwn and grwn. It is the fastest grwing type f turism.
If dne well, ec­turism has several advantages. It is kinder t the envirnment. 1 This means that mre natural habitat is prtected and that the resurces fr building cme frm sustainable (可持续的) surces. Anther advantage is that peple in the develped wrld thrugh ec­turism get t experience places f great natural imprtance as well as cmmunicating with lcal peple. 2
Hwever, there are sme disadvantages f ec­turism. It is felt by sme envirnmentalists that any human activity will cause disrder in the rutine f animals. 3
Anther prblem fr lcal peple is that they are expected t pse fr cameras and dance, etc. fr mney. 4 The turists are destrying the culture that they are paying t prtect.
Ec­turism tries t g t the places far away frm ther cmmunities. 5 There is nthing stpping peple taking mney frm turists as well as ding envirnmentally unfriendly activities.
It seems that the disadvantages ften utweigh the advantages f ec­turism. It might be better t take pictures f animals rather than kill animals, but given the chice the animals wuld sner nt have peple arund. It seems whether ec­turism shuld be allwed shuld be judged case­by­case, and that the lcal peple must be cnsidered.
A. These places are ften nt well pliced.
B. Peple walking thrugh the frest may d much harm.
C. And these activities will als damage the ec­system.
D. It seldm ends peple t untuched parts f the wrld.
E. This is gd fr bth parties: they bth can better understand each ther.
F. And it encurages develpers t cnsider the natural envirnment mre.
G. It discurages the lcal peple frm pursuing their traditinal lifestyles.
1～5 FECGA
Ⅲ. 完形填空
My sn left ur hme in Califrnia fr Crnell University several days ag. Yesterday he called, saying he was feeling 1 . He had n 2 t g dwn t the dining hall because he had hardly 3 the whle night befre due t fd pisning.
I ggled and fund a cnvenience stre n campus. I immediately 4 and gt Seth, the manager, n the phne. I explained the truble and asked whether I culd buy sme items t be 5 in my sn's rm.
After hearing me ut, Seth said, “I'm s srry that yur sn is having such a(n) 6 start t the term. Dn't wrry. I'll 7 it fr yur sn. What wuld yu like t buy？”
I tld him what I wanted and he 8 t send these things t my sn as sn as he culd. My sn texted me within ne hur that the things had been 9 . I was 10 t knw he had sme fd at his bedside. Grateful, I called Seth t ask hw much I wed him and that I culd let my sn 11 him later n.
“Frget it，” Seth said immediately. “We gt this. Hpe yur sn feels better sn.”
“Oh, n, n, I can't take yur things fr nthing，” I 12 ．
“Yu can send us sme f the Califrnia sunshine，” Seth replied 13 ， leaving me speechless and tuched.
In fact, it is Seth wh has given me 14 that will last a lifetime. He made sure my sn's first week at cllege was warm and sunny, and helped him build 15 that the wrld is a friendly place.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的儿子在康奈尔大学因食物中毒而身体不适，作者联系到了学校便利店的经理塞斯，他帮作者给孩子选好食物并送到宿舍，但并未收取任何费用，作者倍感温暖，不胜感激。
1. A. ashamed B. disappinted
C. bredD. unwell
D 根据下文的“due t fd pisning”可知，由于食物中毒才感觉不舒服。故选D。
2. A. timeB. curage
C. energyD. md
C 根据下文的“the whle night befre due t fd pisning”可知，由于食物中毒所以没有力气去餐厅吃饭。故选C。
3. A. sleptB. eaten
C. mvedD. recvered
A 根据空后的“the whle night befre due t fd pisning”可知，由于食物中毒一晚上几乎没有睡觉。故选A。
4. A. wentB. called
C. leftD. replied
B 根据空后的“gt Seth, the manager, n the phne”可知，“我”打电话给经理塞斯。故选B。
5. A. given backB. picked up
C. cleared awayD. drpped rund
D 根据下文的“send these things t my sn”可知，把这些东西送给作者的儿子，drp sth. rund ... 意为“把某物送至某处”。故选D。
6. A. hpelessB. unfrgettable
C. differentD. unpleasant
D 根据上文的“the whle night befre due t fd pisning”可知，由于食物中毒而导致学期开始的时候不愉快。故选D。
7. A. arrangeB. buy
C. keepD. rder
A 根据下文的“send these things t my sn as sn as he culd”可知，塞斯为作者的儿子准备好了食物。arrange sth. fr sb. 意为“为某人安排某事”。故选A。
8. A. claimedB. attempted
C. prmisedD. declined
C 根据下文的“send these things t my sn as sn as he culd”可知，塞斯应该是承诺尽自己所能把东西送到作者儿子那里。故选C。
9. A. preparedB. delivered
C. cllectedD. examined
B 根据下文的“he had sme fd at his bedside”可知，塞斯把东西送到了作者的儿子手里。故选B。
10. A. relievedB. prud
C. hnuredD. astnished
A 根据空后的“he had sme fd at his bedside”可知，儿子床边有了一些食物，作者就放心了。故选A。
11. A. rewardB. praise
C. payD. remind
C 根据上句“I called Seth t ask hw much I wed him”可知，作者想把塞斯给儿子买东西的钱给他。故选C。
12. A. insistedB. demanded
C. admittedD. cmplained
A 根据上句“Oh, n, n, I can't take yur things fr nthing”可知，作者坚持不白拿塞斯的东西。故选A。
13. A. shylyB. cnsiderately
C. jkinglyD. curiusly
C 根据上句“Yu can send us sme f the Califrnia sunshine”可知，这是塞斯开的玩笑。故选C。
14. A. cnfidenceB. warmth
C. supprtD. inspiratin
B 根据下文的“He made sure my sn's first week at cllege was warm and sunny”可知，塞斯的行为让作者感到温暖。故选B。
15. A. expectatinB. influence
C. determinatinD. faith
D 根据下文的“the wrld is a friendly place”可知，世界是一个友好的地方，这是一种信念。故选D。
Ⅳ. 应用文写作
假定你是李华，准备参加高校专项招生面试，请你就个人未来生涯规划用英语进行简短的介绍。内容包括：
1. 你想成为怎样的人；
2. 选择此大学及专业的理由；
3. 你的决心与愿望。
注意：词数80左右。
Gd mrning! I'm Li Hua.





【参考范文】
Gd mrning! I'm Li Hua. Thanks fr yur ffer. I feel greatly hnured t talk abut myself here.
I have always wanted t be a useful persn fr ur natin and sciety. It's because I have grwn up healthy and happy due t my family's great care and lve as well as the devtin f ur gvernment and the teachers. All this als accunts fr why I chse Xiamen University, where I can majr in Envirnmental Engineering. Anther reasn is my cnstant cncern abut the envirnmental prtectin and the imprvement f peple's living cnditins.
I definitely hpe I will be lucky enugh t be admitted and I knw I will try hard t shape myself int what I want t be.