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2021-2022学年天津市东丽区高二下学期期末质量监测英语试题含解析
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这是一份2021-2022学年天津市东丽区高二下学期期末质量监测英语试题含解析，共23页。
东丽区2021-2022学年度第二学期高二英语
期末质量监测试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷 和第Ⅱ卷 两部分，共120分，考试时间100分钟，第Ⅰ卷1页至 8 页，第Ⅱ卷 9页至10页。
第I卷（共75分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which city has the woman been to?
A. Paris. B. London. C. Amsterdam.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Ah, Lucy, you’re back. How was your weekend adventure?
W: Fantastic, although two days isn’t really long enough for Paris. It needs at least a week.
M: I agree. I felt the same way when I visited London and Amsterdam over a long weekend.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much do two shirts cost today?
A. $15. B. $20. C. $30.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you still have the sale on shirts? Two for $20?
M: No. That ended last week. Shirts are back to the regular price of $15 each.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman think of the person yesterday?
A. He is smart. B. He is careless. C. He is brave.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Careful with that, please. It’s a very expensive piece of scientific equipment.
W: I know. I’m not the one who was careless yesterday and broke a glass to pieces.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman probably do next?
A. Help the man with his school project.
B Continue to do her homework.
C. Do some cleaning.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Mom asked me to clean the floor before she left for work this morning, but I need to finish my school project. Can you do it, Martha?
W: I guess so. I just finished my homework. But you have to do it next time.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the main topic of the conversation?
A. Printers. B. Reports. C. Online shopping.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I wanted to print out my report but the printer ran out of ink. I’ve only just filled it before using.
M: Some printers are like that. You can order a new one online.
W: Actually, the one I have at home isn’t bad.
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分 ）
听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why does the man refuse to play badminton at first?
A. He got hurt.
B. He is busy on Sunday.
C. He is not good at it.
7. What do we know about the badminton players?
A. They will play for the first time this weekend.
B. They are all professionals.
C. They are a relaxed group.
8. What does the man decide to do?
A. Join the game.
B. Get into better shape.
C. Play a different sport.
【答案】6. C 7. C 8. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Paul. I was wondering if you would like to play badminton with us on Sunday afternoon. We need another person for mixed doubles and I thought you might enjoy it.
M: Oh thanks, Grace. It sounds fun, but I’m really out of shape. Besides, I’m not good at it and I haven’t played for years.
W: That’s all right. We just play to meet up with each other, have a chat, have some fun, and get a little exercise.
M: Really, I’ll probably feel awkward in front of your friends.
W: Don’t worry about it. We’re not professionals. We’d love to have you with us, and it would be great if you’d come along on Sunday. One of the men who usually plays with us was injured during the last game.
M: Oh. In that case, then I’ll see you on Sunday. Now I’ll have to dig out my old badminton equipment.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Coach and athlete.
B. Father and daughter.
C. Doctor and patient.
10. What did the man suggest the woman do?
A. Go to the hospital. B. Take some days off. C. Change to another sport.
11. What is the world record for running 400m?
A. 47 seconds. B. 47.6 seconds. C. 48 seconds.
【答案】9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Sorry, that was a poor effort.
M: You’ll need to run faster than that, if you want to make the 400m Olympic team.
W: I know. I’m trying.
M: Something on your mind?
W: Yeah, my dad is not feeling very well.
M: What did the doctor say?
W: He was positive, but I doubt he’ll be playing football anytime soon though.
M: Well, your dad is strong. He’ll be fine.
W: Thanks.
M: Look, if your mind isn’t in the game, why don’t you take a couple of days off training?
W: No, I need to keep going. I want to make my family proud. I want to get that gold medal.
M: That’s the spirit. Okay, let’s see if we can get under 48 seconds.
W: The world record is 47.6 seconds. Let’s aim for 47.
M: This is the winning attitude you need.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
12. What was the speaker’s problem in attending a university?
A. His parents didn’t support him.
B. He wasn’t qualified.
C. He had no money.
13. What is the speaker’s life-changing moment?
A. When he got a job.
B. When he received a scholarship.
C. When he graduated from university.
14. What is the speaker’s job?
A. A managing director.
B. A university president.
C. A professor.
15. What advice does the speaker offer?
A. To make a difference.
B. To be determined.
C. To get a job.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s a great pleasure for me to be able to stand before you today. It is something that I’ve never imagined 20 years ago, even in my wildest dreams. I came from a poor family, and when I finished high school, I didn’t think I’d be able to go to university. Although my parents supported me, they couldn’t afford the education. But I kept applying and finally, I found one — Bentley University — that was prepared to offer me a scholarship. I now realize that was the moment my life changed. Without attending this university and getting my degree, there is no way I would have been able to get a job at an international company, let alone be standing here as the managing director of the company. Now it’s my great honor to be back at Bentley, looking at the faces of so many eager men and women who are anxious to get out there and make a difference. My message to you is: never give up. Follow your wishes and work to achieve your greatest dreams. Believe me, dreams can come true. I’m sure of that.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
16. — Are you going to attend the lecture on Chinese art?
—________ It’s too good an opportunity to miss.
A. You deserve it! B. You bet. C. Why me? D. Why bother?
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你要去听关于中国艺术的讲座吗？——一点没错。这个机会太好了，不能错过。A. You deserve it你活该；B. You bet一点没错；C. Why me为什么是我；D. Why bother没有必要。由“It’s too good an opportunity to miss”可知，第二个说话人要去听这个讲座，空格处意为“一点没错”，故选B。
17. Tommy is gifted. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by several computer companies.
A. had been offered B. has been offered
C. had offered D. has offered
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：Tommy很有天赋。他毕业的时候，已经有好几家计算机公司给他提供工作。由“By the time he graduated”可知，“提供工作”发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，且主语he和动词offer(提供)二者之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动，故选A。
18. The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A. that B. one
C. it D. this
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it, one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a／an＋名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指，相当于the＋名词，可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。
19. The number of firms selling computers in this region ________ since January 2012.
A. are dropping B. is dropping C. have dropped D. has dropped
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：自2012年1月以来，该地区销售电脑的公司数量已经下降。A. are dropping现在进行时，复数形式；B. is dropping现在进行时，单数形式；C. have dropped现在完成时，复数形式；D. has dropped现在完成时，单数形式。根据句中时间状语since January 2012可知，谓语动词应使用现在完成时态，又因短语The number of + n.作主语时视为单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式。综上，谓语动词应使用现在完成时态，单数形式。故选D项。
20. I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________.
A. catching B. caught
C. to catch D. to be caught
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。have在本句中意为“有”，根据固定结构Sb have sth to do某人有某事要做，在本句中to do由主语完成，故选C。
【点睛】本句考查的是have的复合结构：have+宾语+非谓语，既是重点又是难点。对于have的复合结构，非谓语用什么形式，首先确定have的词义，是“有”还是“让”，have（有）+ sth to do sth (由主语完成）；have（让）+宾语+do / doing / done (用哪种形式需要具体分析），所以要正确理解句意和本结构的具体用法，灵活掌握才能把题作对。
21. We will put off the hiking until next week, ________ the weather may be better.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把徒步旅行推迟到下周，届时天气可能会好一些。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词next week，定语从句中做时间状语，应用关系副词when。故选B。
22. ________ I want to share with you is the respect I have for my teachers.
A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我想和你们分享的是我对老师的尊重。引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情应用what引导。故选D。
23. you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier.
A. Unless B. Although
C. Before D. Once
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：一旦你开始更健康的饮食，控制体重就会变得容易得多。A. unless除非；B. although尽管；C. before 在……之前；D. once 一旦。unless相当于if not，引导条件状语从句；although引导让步状语从句，不能和but连用；before引导时间状语从句；once引导具有条件意味的时间状语从句。故选D。
24. ________ volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty .
A. To study B. Studying C. Having studied D. Studied
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我已经研究火山很多年了，但是我仍然对它们的美感感到惊讶。空处是非谓语动词做状语，动词study(研究)和逻辑主语I二者之间是主动关系，且“我研究火山很多年”发生在“我对它们的美感感到惊讶”之前，应用现在分词的完成式having done，故选C。
25. I can’t find my purse. I ________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.
A. should leave B. could have left C. might leave D. must have left
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选B。
第二节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
We are so used to the beauty of trees, plants and flowers that we may even take it for granted without realizing how much inspiration it has given us. For instance, an open flower might make us think how ___26___ it resembles an umbrella. It’s natural to think in this way, but actually it is the flower that inspires the umbrella.
Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us, those in architecture included. Today, architects continue to ___27___ ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature ___28___ or even to make natural organisms part of a building.
People whose interest is exploring the ___29___ between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum. It is ___30___to resemble a lotus flower whose floor collects rainwater and then recycles it through the plumbing system. Visitors are often ___31___ to find themselves in an urban building that so ___32___ captures the beauty of natural form.
Watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests inspired Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce to create the Eastgate Centre. The design ___33___ the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems, so the building uses less energy and costs ___34___to run.
The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany. The ____35____ of the apartment building is covered in panels containing algae, which capture ____36____ from the sun and change it into energy that powers the building. Therefore, the building not only ____37____ its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces ____38____ to the environment.
Creating buildings such as these enables us to live ____39____ our environment. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the ____40____organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.
26. A. nearly B. hardly C. closely D. narrowly
27. A. discover B. explore C. tend D. support
28. A. polishes B. shares C. respects D. works
29. A. relationship B. discussion C. balance D. friendship
30. A. painted B. shaped C. sculptured D. translated
31. A. pleased B. disappointed C. amazed D. annoyed
32. A. truly B. fiercely C. suddenly D. slightly
33. A. increases B. forms C. reduces D. creates
34. A. fewer B. less C. more D. much
35. A. surface B. foundation C. bottom D. background
36. A. light B. steam C. radio D. heat
37. A. keeps off B. sticks to C. comes up with D. responds to
38. A. attack B. damage C. quality D. amount
39. A. in need of B. beyond control of C. on basis of D. in harmony with
40. A. simplest B. mildest C. worst D. latest
【答案】26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要举例子说明受大自然的激发，人类周围出现了许多最迷人的建筑设计。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，一朵开放的花可能会让我们觉得它有多像一把伞。A. nearly几乎；B. hardly几乎不；C. closely紧密地；相似地；D. narrowly勉强地。由上文“We are so used to the beauty of trees, plants and flowers that we may even take it for granted without realizing how much inspiration it has given us. ”和上下文“an open flower might make us think how____1____it resembles an umbrella.”可知，我们如此习惯于树木、植物和花朵的美丽，以至于我们甚至可能认为这是理所当然的，而没有意识到它给了我们多少灵感，所以我们看到开放的花朵时，会觉得它很像一把伞，此处用副词“closely(相似地)”强调我们认为花和伞很相似，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，建筑师继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然的运作方式，甚至使自然有机体成为建筑的一部分。A. discover发现；B. explore探索；C. tend倾向于；照顾；D. support支持。由下文“ways to capture the beauty of natural forms”可知，要捕捉自然形态之美的方法，需要建筑师去探索，下文“exploring”也是提示，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，建筑师继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然的运作方式，甚至使自然有机体成为建筑的一部分。A. polishes擦亮；B. shares分享；C. respects尊敬；D. works工作；运作。由上文“to mimic the way nature”和下段以新加坡艺术科学博物馆为例可知，建筑师模仿自然的运作方式，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些对探索艺术与科学之间的平衡感兴趣的人，将会喜欢新加坡的艺术科学博物馆。A. relationship关系；B. discussion讨论；C. balance平衡；D. friendship友谊。由下文“between art and science”可知，此处指探索艺术与科学之间的平衡，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的形状像一朵莲花，它的地板收集雨水，然后通过管道系统循环利用。A. painted绘画；B. shaped塑造；使成为……形状；C. sculptured雕刻；D. translated翻译。由下文“to resemble a lotus flower whose floor collects rainwater and then recycles it through the plumbing system”可知，新加坡的艺术科学博物馆被建成莲花的样子，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：游客们常常惊奇地发现自己置身于一座城市建筑中，这座城市建筑能真正地捕捉到自然形态之美。A. pleased高兴的；B. disappointed失望的；C. amazed惊讶的；D. annoyed恼怒的。由下文“to find themselves in an urban building that so ____7____captures the beauty of natural form.”可知，游客们发现自己置身于一座能真正捕捉到自然之美的城市建筑，这让他们感到很惊奇，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：游客们常常惊奇地发现自己置身于一座城市建筑中，这座城市建筑能真正地捕捉到自然形态之美。A. truly真正地；B. fiercely猛烈地；C. suddenly突然；D. slightly稍微地。由上文“It is_____5____to resemble a lotus flower whose floor collects rainwater and then recycles it through the plumbing system.(它的形状像一朵莲花，它的地板收集雨水，然后通过管道系统循环利用)”和下文“captures the beauty of natural form(捕捉自然形态之美)”可知，新加坡艺术科学博物馆这座城市建筑能真正捕捉到自然之美，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，因此建筑使用更少的能源，运行成本也更低。A. increases增长；B. forms形成；C. reduces减少；D. creates制作。由下文“so the building uses less energy”可知，这种建筑使用更少的能源，这说明这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，因此建筑使用更少的能源，运行成本也更低。A. fewer更少的（修饰可数名词）；B. less更少的（修饰不可数名词）；C. more更多的（修饰可数名词）；D. much更多的（修饰不可数名词）。由上文“so the building uses less energy”可知，这种建筑使用更少的能源，进而运行成本也更低，costs不可数名词，用less，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，这种面板捕获太阳的热量，并将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力。A. surface表面；B. foundation基础；C. bottom底部；D. background背景。由下文“of the apartment building is covered in panels containing algae”可知，是公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，这种面板捕获太阳的热量，并将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力。A. light光线；B. steam蒸汽；C. radio收音机；D. heat热量。由下文“from the sun and change it into energy that powers the building”可知，含有藻类的面板能吸收太阳的热量，将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，这个建筑物不仅对环境作出反应，使用较少的能源，而且能减少对环境的破坏。A. keeps off让开；B. sticks to坚持；C. comes up with想出；D. responds to响应；对……做出反应。由上文“The___10_____of the apartment building is covered in panels containing algae, which capture_____11___from the sun and change it into energy that powers the building.”可知，建筑表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，能捕获太阳的热量，这是指建筑对环境做出反应，故选D。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，这个建筑物不仅对环境作出反应，使用较少的能源，而且能减少对环境的破坏。A. attack攻击；B. damage损坏；C. quality质量；D. amount数量。由上文“which capture_____13___from the sun and change it into energy that powers the building”和“uses less energy”可知，含有藻类的建筑物不仅使用较少的能源，还能减少对环境的破坏，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：建造这样的建筑使我们能够与我们的环境和谐相处。A. in need of需要……；B. beyond control of无法控制…….；C. on basis of以……为基础；D. in harmony with与……和谐相处。由上文“Therefore, the building not only ____12___its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces______13____to the environment.”可知，这种表面覆盖着含有藻类面板的建筑，不仅使用较少的能源，而且能减少对环境的破坏，所以说这种建筑使我们能够与我们的环境和谐相处，故选D。
【40题详解】
考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：在保护未来世界的同时满足今天的需求可能是一个挑战，但即使是最简单的生物体也可以帮助我们实现这一目标。A. simplest最简单的；B. mildest最温和的；C. worst最坏的；D. latest最新的。由上文“To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge”和but even可知，此处指“最简单的生物体”，它强调了自然给人类带来的灵感，即使是最简单的生物体也能激发人类，帮助人类实现保护未来世界的同时满足如今需求的目标，故选A。
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Often called “the universal language”, music can be powerful. Concerts combine music with performance, visual arts and sometimes social causes. The Guardian listed 50 concerts that changed modern music history. Let’s look at some of them.
● Bob Dylan: Newport Folk Festival
Rhode Island, US,
July 25, 1965
Bob Dylan is famous for his poetic guitar ballads (民谣). Many of his famous songs were about improving the rights of black Americans and protesting the Vietnam War.
However, in this 1965 concert, Dylan challenged his audience — he took out an electric guitar and made a sharp sound. Many fans felt that Dylan “betrayed (背叛)” them and his style. The Guardian said this is when folk rock was born.
● Live Aid
London, UK,
July 13, 1985
As its name suggests, Live Aid was for helping people. It raised $245 million to fight famine (饥荒) in Ethiopia. It’s often seen as the first benefit concert of its kind.
The show lasted 16 hours and was broadcast live in more than 140 countries. It had nearly 1.5 billion TV viewers. More than 100 rockstars from around the world participated.
● Beyonce: Coachella Music Festival
California, US,
April 14, 2018
There is now a rule of show business: A Beyonce performance will steal the show. Her powerful voice, energetic dance moves and creative outfits together give her a unique style.
At the Coachella Music Festival, Beyonce had an all-black dancer and backing vocals lineup. The concert, which fans call “Beychella” on Twitter, took 100 backup (支持性的) performers and three months of rehearsals.
The Guardian called it a combination of “ancestral spirit (先祖之魂), modern entertainment and personal will”. Beyonce is like “a goddess of war”.
41. What were Bob Dylan’s songs in the concert like?
A. They were soft just like poets and ballads.
B. They betrayed Dylan and his fans.
C. They were sharp folk rock.
D. They were about black people’s rights.
42. Why was Live Aid held?
A. To improve relationships among different countries.
B. To find talented singers.
C. To promote rock music.
D. To fight famine in Ethiopia.
43. What made Beyonce’s performance different?
A. The specially designed stage at the Coachella Music Festival.
B. Her all-star lineup of dancers.
C. Her voice, energetic dance moves and creative outfits.
D. The themes of her songs.
44. Which concert in the passage was broadcast live in many countries?
A. Newport Folk Festival.
B. Live Aid.
C. Coachella Music Festival.
D. None of them.
45. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Greatest concerts. B. Greatest singers.
C. Music and Singers. D. Universal language.
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. C 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了三场改变现代音乐历史的演唱会。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Bob Dylan: Newport Folk Festival部分第二段中“However, in this 1965 concert, Dylan challenged his audience — he took out an electric guitar and made a sharp sound.(然而，在1965年的音乐会中，Dylan向他的观众发起了挑战——他拿出一把电吉他，发出了响亮的声音)”及“The Guardian said this is when folk rock was born.(《卫报》称这是民谣摇滚诞生的时期)”可知，Bob Dylan在演唱会上的歌曲风格是高音民间摇滚。故选C项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Live Aid部分第一段中“As its name suggests, Live Aid was for helping people. It raised $245 million to fight famine (饥荒) in Ethiopia.(顾名思义，Live Aid是用来帮助人们的。它筹集了2.45亿美元用于对抗埃塞俄比亚的饥荒)”可知，Live Aid是为了对抗埃塞俄比亚的饥荒而举行。故选D项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Beyonce: Coachella Music Festival部分第一段中“Her powerful voice, energetic dance moves and creative outfits together give her a unique style.(她有力的声音，充满活力的舞蹈动作和创意的服装一起赋予了她独特的风格)”可知，Beyonce的声音、充满活力的舞蹈动作和创意的服装使她的表演与众不同。故选C项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Live Aid部分第二段中“The show lasted 16 hours and was broadcast live in more than 140 countries.(这场表演持续了16个小时，在140多个国家进行了直播)”可知，Live Aid在很多国家直播。故选B项。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“The Guardian listed 50 concerts that changed modern music history. Let’s look at some of them.(英国《卫报》列出了改变现代音乐史的50场音乐会。让我们来看看其中的一些)”可知，文章介绍了几个改变现代音乐历史的演唱会。故选A项。
B
New York City is home to some of the tallest buildings on Earth. Recently, a new skyscraper joined them. This time it’s the thinnest in the world.
After years of development, Steinway Tower is now complete. The height of the building is 435 meters. But it’s just 18 meters wide. The width-to-height ratio is 1:24. That makes the building look very thin, like a chopstick sticking up from the ground. For context (供参考), CITIC Tower, known as China Zun Tower in Beijing, stands at 528 meters, but is 84 meters wide.
You don’t need to worry that the building may break in half during a storm. According to SHoP Architects, the designer of the building, it was made with the world’s strongest concrete . However, the building may still move in strong winds. That would cause loud noises, and people inside may feel dizzy (晕眩的).
Many modern tall buildings have a secret tool inside to help them stand still. It’s called a damper (风阻尼器), usually a huge steel ball that weighs hundreds of tons. For example, the Steinway Tower has a damper of 800 tons. It swings back and forth inside the building to balance the force of the wind.
There are many people living and working in New York City. Land there is very expensive. Skyscrapers are a great choice for saving land. Meanwhile, designers wanted to make the Steinway Tower a landmark. Part of the building is the 96-year-old historic site of Steinway Hall. It was famous for concerts in the 20th century. The special design of the skyscraper may help people remember the past glory (辉煌) of Steinway Hall.
46. What do we know about the Steinway Tower?
A. It is the world’s tallest building. B. It is a little wider than China Zun Tower.
C. The building work started this year. D. No other building is as thin as it.
47. What would make people feel dizzy?
A. The breaking of the building. B. The swinging of the building.
C. The sounds of strong wind. D. The falling of the strongest concrete.
48. What helps the Steinway Tower protect itself from wind?
A. Standing near other tall buildings. B. Weighing hundreds of tons.
C. Having a big steel ball inside. D. Swinging slowly in the wind.
49. Why do people build skyscrapers in New York City?
A. To save land. B. To show off their skills.
C. To welcome more people. D. To make space for landmarks.
50. What can we learn about the design of the Steinway Tower?
A. It is a common way to build theaters.
B. It is partly in memory of a famous old building.
C. It is the same as the design of Steinway Hall.
D. The historic style made it famous in the 20th century.
【答案】46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了位于纽约的世界上最薄的建筑施坦威大厦。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“New York City is home to some of the tallest buildings on Earth. Recently, a new skyscraper joined them. This time it’s the thinnest in the world.”（纽约市拥有一些世界上最高的建筑。最近，一座新的摩天大楼也加入了他们的行列。这次它是世界上最薄的。）可知，没有其他建筑像施坦威大厦这么薄。故选D。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ However, the building may still move in strong winds. That would cause loud noises, and people inside may feel dizzy (晕眩的).”（然而，该建筑仍可能在强风中移动。这会造成巨大的噪音，里面的人可能会感到头晕。）可知，建筑物的摆动会让人感到头晕。故选B。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Many modern tall buildings have a secret tool inside to help them stand still. It’s called a damper (风阻尼器), usually a huge steel ball that weighs hundreds of tons. For example, the Steinway Tower has a damper of 800 tons.It swings back and forth inside the building to balance the force of the wind.”（许多现代高层建筑内部都有一个秘密工具，可以帮助它们静止不动。它被称为阻尼器，通常是一个重达数百吨的巨大钢球。例如，施坦威塔的阻尼器有800吨。它在建筑物内来回摆动以平衡风的力量。）可知，施坦威塔里面有一个大钢球帮助施坦威塔防风。故选C。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are many people living and working in New York City. Land there is very expensive. Skyscrapers are a great choice for saving land.”（有许多人在纽约市生活和工作。那里的土地非常昂贵。摩天大楼是节约土地的好选择。）可知，为了节省土地，人们在纽约建造摩天大楼。故选A。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“ Part of the building is the 96-year-old historic site of Steinway Hall. It was famous for concerts in the 20th century. The special design of the skyscraper may help people remember the past glory (辉煌) of Steinway Hall.”（建筑的一部分是拥有96年历史的施坦威音乐厅。它在20世纪以音乐会而闻名。摩天大楼的特殊设计可能会让人们记住施坦威音乐厅过去的辉煌。）可知，摩天大楼的特殊设计可能会让人们记住施坦威音乐厅过去的辉煌。故选B。
C
At the beginning of my senior year in high school, I began applying to the University of Connecticut. But what I didn’t realize was how expensive my dream was. I came from a middle-class family, and it seemed as though we’d always struggled to make ends meet.
I wasn’t the smartest person in my class, not even close; but my heart was in the right place, and I was determined. I applied for every scholarship I could. And then my guidance counselor told me about the financial aid system. I applied, but I didn’t think I would qualify for that either.
After the holidays, my friends started receiving their acceptance letters from colleges, and I eagerly expected mine. Finally, a letter arrived from the University of Connecticut. Feelings of fear and joy overwhelmed me when I opened the envelope with trembling hands. I had done it! I cried for a while, feeling both extremely excited and afraid. I had been working a full-time job, but that wasn’t enough to pay for tuition, and it was impossible for my parents to pay for my education.
Months went by before a letter from the financial aid office arrived. I opened it eagerly, but it was only a letter requesting more information to process my application. This happened over and over, and my hopes kept getting shot down. Finally, an envelope arrived, the one that would determine whether I could attend college. Not only was financial aid (助学金) going to help me out with my expenses, but also I won two of the scholarships I had applied for! I had actually made my dream come true.
I am now a junior at the University of Connecticut, pursuing a degree in English.
51. What was the author’s main trouble in realizing her dream?
A. She lacked determination.
B. Her family was short of money.
C. She didn’t know which university to apply to.
D. Her parents disapproved of her attending university.
52. How did the author get money for her tuition fees?
A. By taking up part-time jobs.
B. By receiving her parents’ support.
C. By turning to her guidance counselor for help.
D By applying for scholarships and financial aid.
53. Why did the financial aid office send the author the first letter?
A. To test her determination.
B. To inform her of their refusal.
C. To ask for supplemental information.
D. To check the process of her application.
54. What does the underlined word “overwhelmed” mean in paragragh 3?
A. Affected strongly.
B. Defeated completely.
C. Covered completely.
D. Overcame easily.
55. What does the author want to convey by sharing her story?
A. Never say never.
B. More haste, less speed.
C. Aiming higher, achieving more.
D. Pride hurts, modesty benefits.
【答案】51. B 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者的家庭很贫困，原本无法支付学费，但作者没有轻易言败，积极争取奖学金，努力赚取学费，最终成功入学，作者通过自己的经历想要告诉读者一个道理：永不言败。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But what I didn’t realize was how expensive my dream was.(但我没有意识到我的梦想有多昂贵)”及第三段中“I had been working a full-time job, but that wasn’t enough to pay for tuition, and it was impossible for my parents to pay for my education.(我一直有一份全职工作，但那不足以支付学费，我的父母也不可能支付我的教育费用)”可知，作者在实现梦想的过程中遇到的主要困难是家里缺钱，故选B项。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Not only was financial aid(助学金) going to help me out with my expenses, but also I won two of the scholarships I had applied for! I had actually made my dream come true.(助学金不仅帮我解决了开支问题，而且我还获得了我申请的两项奖学金！我真的实现了我的梦想)”可知，通过申请奖学金和助学金作者得到了学费，故选D项。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“I opened it eagerly, but it was only a letter requesting more information to process my application.(我急切地打开它，但这只是一封要求提供更多信息来处理我的申请的信)”可知，助学金办公室给作者寄了第一封信要求作者补充信息，故选C项。
【54题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后“when I opened the envelope with trembling hands.(当我用颤抖的手打开信封时)”及“I had done it! I cried for a while, feeling both extremely excited and afraid.(我做到了！我哭了一会儿，感到既兴奋又害怕)”可知，此处指颤抖着手打开信封时，感到非常恐惧和喜悦，overwhelmed意为“（感情上）使受不了，压垮”，A项“受到强烈影响”正确。故选A项。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述作者的家庭很贫困，原本无法支付学费，但作者没有轻易言败，积极争取奖学金，努力赚取学费，最终成功入学，作者通过自己的经历想要告诉读者一个道理：永不言败，故选A项。
第Ⅱ卷（共45分）
第四部分：写作（共三节，满分45分）
第一节 选词填空。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
选词填空
weekly withdrew assistant bombed savings
bother analyzed employed craft banned
56. The retired man donated most of his ________ to the school damaged by the earthquake.
57. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t ________ to see it.
58. Top performers spend many more hours completely practicing their ________.
59. This part of Normandy was badly________ during the war, but it has been completely rebuilt.
60. A small sample of blood provided by children will be ________ by a lab.
61. Thanks to AI, I’ve got my smart personal________ built into my phone.
62. Her days are ________ in gardening and voluntary work.
63. He ________ from many school activities, because he didn’t have the time.
64. We go and do the ________ shopping every Thursday.
65 Environmentalists hope paper bags will be ________ someday and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags.
【答案】56. savings
57. bother 58. craft
59. bombed 60. analyzed
61. assistant
62. employed
63. withdrew
64. weekly 65. banned
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：那位退休老人把他的大部分积蓄捐给了地震中受损的学校。most of+可数名词复数，表示“......的大部分”，根据句意可知，此处表示“积蓄；存款”，多用复数，故选savings。
【57题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果很多人说一部电影不好，我就懒得看了。bother to do固定搭配，意为“懒得做”，由前面的won’t可知，此处应用动词原形，故选bother。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：顶尖的表演者花更多的时间完全练习他们的技艺。此处应用名词做宾语，且表示“技艺”应用名词craft，且此处为不可数名词，故选craft。
【59题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：诺曼底的这一部分在战争期间遭到严重轰炸，但现在已经完全重建了。空处应用谓语动词，表示“轰炸”用动词bomb，且由was和句意可知，诺曼底的这一部分是被轰炸，应用一般过去时的被动，空处应用过去分词bombed，故选bombed。
【60题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：由儿童提供的一小份血样将由实验室进行分析。此处表示“分析”应用动词analyze，且由will be和句意可知，A small sample of blood和动词analyze是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动，所以应用过去分词形式analyzed，故选analyzed。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：多亏了 人工智能，我的手机里安装了一个聪明的私人“助理”。空处应用名词作宾语，表示“助手”，应用名词assistant，且此处表示一个助手，应用单数，故选assistant。
【62题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意： 她每天的时间被用来做园艺和志愿者工作。此处表示“利用”应用动词employ，且由are和句意可知，主语her days和employ二者之间是被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动，空处应用过去分词形式employed，故选employed。
【63题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：他退出了许多学校活动，因为他没有时间。空处是谓语，表示“退出”，应用动词withdraw，且由后面的didn’t可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事，用一般过去时，故选withdrew。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们每周四去购物。此处应用形容词做定语，修饰名词shopping，表示“每周的”应用weekly，故选weekly。
【65题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：环保人士希望有一天纸袋将被禁止，并希望购物者使用相同的可重复使用的袋子。此处表示“禁止”应用动词ban，且由will be和句意可知，paper bags和动词ban二者之间是被动，所以应用一般将来时的被动，空处应用过去分词形式banned，故选banned。
第二节 阅读表达。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读表达
A master of English education in China, Chen Lin just celebrated his 100th birthday in April. Chen has spent his whole life on English education.
In 1950, Chen started teaching at Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU). He was known as the “Professor of Three Ups”. He always put importance on “standing up” and “speaking up” in his classes. He always stood to teach and talked loudly. When class was over, he would “shut up” at once.
③Chen’s good teaching impressed students. LiJinzhao, one of Chen’s students and a teacher at BFSU now, said Chen likes role-playing and singing to make the class active. It was different from the “teacher speaks, students listen” style of the time. He also encouraged students to speak more and practice more.
In 1999, Chen led experts to make English curriculum standards (课程标准). Before that, English teaching goals from primary school to university didn’t connect well with each other. But the standards changed it. Then, English education worked like “one package (一条龙)”. He also wrote the first set of textbooks to carry out the new standards.
After leaving his job, Chen keeps on working. He reads and writes about how to improve English teaching. He once said, “I have been a teacher all my life, and I want to be an English teacher again in my next life.”
66. Why was Chen called the “Professor of Three Ups”? (No more than 15 words)
67. According to Li Jinzhao, how did Chen make his classes active? (No more than 4 words)
68. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? (No more than 5 words)
69. How did the curriculum standards change English education in China? (No more than 8 words)
70. Which of your teachers impresses you most? And why? (No more than 20 words)
【答案】66. Because he put importance on “standing up”, “speaking up” and “shutting up” in his classes.
67. By role-playing and singing.
68. Chen Lin’s teaching style.
69. It made English education into “one package”.
70. My high school English teacher left a deep impression on me. Because his class is lively and interesting. At the same time, we were encouraged to boldly express our own ideas.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是北京外国语大学一名优秀教师的教学生涯。
【66题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He always put importance on “standing up” and “speaking up” in his classes. He always stood to teach and talked loudly. When class was over, he would “shut up” at once.”（在课堂上，他总是很重视“站起来”和“发言”。他总是站着上课，大声说话。一下课，他就会立刻“闭嘴”。）可知，他看中的是“standing up” , “speaking up” and “shut up”。故答案为Because he put importance on “standing up”, “speaking up” and “shutting up” in his classes.
【67题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Chen likes role-playing and singing to make the class active.”（陈老师喜欢角色扮演和唱歌，使课堂活跃起来。）可知，他是通过扮演和唱歌让班级氛围活跃的。故答案为By role-playing and singing.
【68题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“Chen’s good teaching impressed students.”（陈老师的良好教学给学生留下了深刻的印象。）和“Chen likes role-playing and singing to make the class active. It was different from the “teacher speaks, students listen” style of the time. He also encouraged students to speak more and practice more.”（陈老师喜欢角色扮演和唱歌，使课堂活跃起来。它不同于当时“老师说，学生听”的风格。他还鼓励学生多说多练。）可知，本段强调的是Chen Lin老师的教学风格。故答案为Chen Lin’s teaching style.
【69题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Then, English education worked like “one package (一条龙)””（然后，英语教育就像“一条龙”。）可知，他的课程标准改变了中国的英语教育，使中国的英语教育像“一条龙”。故答案为It made English education into “one package”.
【70题详解】
考查开放答题。根据个人经历。本人认为，高中时的英语老师让我印象最为深刻。因为他的课堂生动有趣，让我了解到很多知识和常识。并且鼓励我们每个人大胆地说出自己的想法。故答案为My high school English teacher left a deep impression on me. Because his class is lively and interesting. At the same time, we were encouraged to boldly express our own ideas.
第三节 书面表达。（共1小题；满分25分）
71. 电影《花木兰》上映后引起很大反响。假如你是李华，你的笔友Peter来信向你询问中国历史上花木兰的故事。请你给他回信，要点如下：
1.花木兰的生平故事；
2.花木兰在中国人心中的地位与影响。
注意：1.词数80-100；2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：dress up装扮；a symbol of .....的象征；
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in the story of Mulan.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in the story of Mulan. I’m writing to tell you the story.
When the country was at war Mulan’s father had to join the army. However, he was too old and weak to do so while Mulan’s little brother was too young. Mulan decided to take on the responsibility. She came up with the idea of dressing herself up as a man and joined the army in place of her father. Mulan prepared for the journey carefully so that she could not be recognized. In the army, she was brave, smart and loyal. Finally, Mulan made it through the war and her bravery was recognized by the emperor.
Mulan’s story is recorded in poems, dramas and movies. The story of Mulan inspires every girl to shoulder her duty and achieve whatever she wants to. In China, Mulan is a symbol of independence, duty, intelligence and bravery.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。电影《花木兰》上映后引起很大反响。假如你是李华，你的笔友Peter来信向你询问中国历史上花木兰的故事。请你给他回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
决定做：decide to do→be determined to do
想出：come up with→think out
准备：prepare for→make preparations for
勇敢的：brave→courageous
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Mulan decided to take on the responsibility. She came up with the idea of dressing herself up as a man and joined the army in place of her father.
拓展句：Mulan came up with the idea of dressing herself up as a man and joined the army in place of her father because she decided to take on the responsibility.
【点睛】[高分句型1] When the country was at war, Mulan’s father had to join the army. (运用了When引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Mulan prepared for the journey carefully so that she could not be recognized.(运用了so that引导的结果状语从句)
东丽区2021-2022学年度第二学期高二英语
期末质量监测试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷 和第Ⅱ卷 两部分，共120分，考试时间100分钟，第Ⅰ卷1页至 8 页，第Ⅱ卷 9页至10页。
第I卷（共75分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which city has the woman been to?
A. Paris. B. London. C. Amsterdam.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Ah, Lucy, you’re back. How was your weekend adventure?
W: Fantastic, although two days isn’t really long enough for Paris. It needs at least a week.
M: I agree. I felt the same way when I visited London and Amsterdam over a long weekend.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much do two shirts cost today?
A. $15. B. $20. C. $30.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you still have the sale on shirts? Two for $20?
M: No. That ended last week. Shirts are back to the regular price of $15 each.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman think of the person yesterday?
A. He is smart. B. He is careless. C. He is brave.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Careful with that, please. It’s a very expensive piece of scientific equipment.
W: I know. I’m not the one who was careless yesterday and broke a glass to pieces.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman probably do next?
A. Help the man with his school project.
B Continue to do her homework.
C. Do some cleaning.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Mom asked me to clean the floor before she left for work this morning, but I need to finish my school project. Can you do it, Martha?
W: I guess so. I just finished my homework. But you have to do it next time.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the main topic of the conversation?
A. Printers. B. Reports. C. Online shopping.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I wanted to print out my report but the printer ran out of ink. I’ve only just filled it before using.
M: Some printers are like that. You can order a new one online.
W: Actually, the one I have at home isn’t bad.
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分 ）
听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why does the man refuse to play badminton at first?
A. He got hurt.
B. He is busy on Sunday.
C. He is not good at it.
7. What do we know about the badminton players?
A. They will play for the first time this weekend.
B. They are all professionals.
C. They are a relaxed group.
8. What does the man decide to do?
A. Join the game.
B. Get into better shape.
C. Play a different sport.
【答案】6. C 7. C 8. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Paul. I was wondering if you would like to play badminton with us on Sunday afternoon. We need another person for mixed doubles and I thought you might enjoy it.
M: Oh thanks, Grace. It sounds fun, but I’m really out of shape. Besides, I’m not good at it and I haven’t played for years.
W: That’s all right. We just play to meet up with each other, have a chat, have some fun, and get a little exercise.
M: Really, I’ll probably feel awkward in front of your friends.
W: Don’t worry about it. We’re not professionals. We’d love to have you with us, and it would be great if you’d come along on Sunday. One of the men who usually plays with us was injured during the last game.
M: Oh. In that case, then I’ll see you on Sunday. Now I’ll have to dig out my old badminton equipment.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Coach and athlete.
B. Father and daughter.
C. Doctor and patient.
10. What did the man suggest the woman do?
A. Go to the hospital. B. Take some days off. C. Change to another sport.
11. What is the world record for running 400m?
A. 47 seconds. B. 47.6 seconds. C. 48 seconds.
【答案】9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Sorry, that was a poor effort.
M: You’ll need to run faster than that, if you want to make the 400m Olympic team.
W: I know. I’m trying.
M: Something on your mind?
W: Yeah, my dad is not feeling very well.
M: What did the doctor say?
W: He was positive, but I doubt he’ll be playing football anytime soon though.
M: Well, your dad is strong. He’ll be fine.
W: Thanks.
M: Look, if your mind isn’t in the game, why don’t you take a couple of days off training?
W: No, I need to keep going. I want to make my family proud. I want to get that gold medal.
M: That’s the spirit. Okay, let’s see if we can get under 48 seconds.
W: The world record is 47.6 seconds. Let’s aim for 47.
M: This is the winning attitude you need.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
12. What was the speaker’s problem in attending a university?
A. His parents didn’t support him.
B. He wasn’t qualified.
C. He had no money.
13. What is the speaker’s life-changing moment?
A. When he got a job.
B. When he received a scholarship.
C. When he graduated from university.
14. What is the speaker’s job?
A. A managing director.
B. A university president.
C. A professor.
15. What advice does the speaker offer?
A. To make a difference.
B. To be determined.
C. To get a job.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s a great pleasure for me to be able to stand before you today. It is something that I’ve never imagined 20 years ago, even in my wildest dreams. I came from a poor family, and when I finished high school, I didn’t think I’d be able to go to university. Although my parents supported me, they couldn’t afford the education. But I kept applying and finally, I found one — Bentley University — that was prepared to offer me a scholarship. I now realize that was the moment my life changed. Without attending this university and getting my degree, there is no way I would have been able to get a job at an international company, let alone be standing here as the managing director of the company. Now it’s my great honor to be back at Bentley, looking at the faces of so many eager men and women who are anxious to get out there and make a difference. My message to you is: never give up. Follow your wishes and work to achieve your greatest dreams. Believe me, dreams can come true. I’m sure of that.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分）
第一节 单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
16. — Are you going to attend the lecture on Chinese art?
—________ It’s too good an opportunity to miss.
A. You deserve it! B. You bet. C. Why me? D. Why bother?
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你要去听关于中国艺术的讲座吗？——一点没错。这个机会太好了，不能错过。A. You deserve it你活该；B. You bet一点没错；C. Why me为什么是我；D. Why bother没有必要。由“It’s too good an opportunity to miss”可知，第二个说话人要去听这个讲座，空格处意为“一点没错”，故选B。
17. Tommy is gifted. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by several computer companies.
A. had been offered B. has been offered
C. had offered D. has offered
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：Tommy很有天赋。他毕业的时候，已经有好几家计算机公司给他提供工作。由“By the time he graduated”可知，“提供工作”发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，且主语he和动词offer(提供)二者之间是被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动，故选A。
18. The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.
A. that B. one
C. it D. this
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the quality of education，故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it, one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a／an＋名词，只可代指可数名词；that为特指，相当于the＋名词，可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物，也可代替人，that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。
19. The number of firms selling computers in this region ________ since January 2012.
A. are dropping B. is dropping C. have dropped D. has dropped
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：自2012年1月以来，该地区销售电脑的公司数量已经下降。A. are dropping现在进行时，复数形式；B. is dropping现在进行时，单数形式；C. have dropped现在完成时，复数形式；D. has dropped现在完成时，单数形式。根据句中时间状语since January 2012可知，谓语动词应使用现在完成时态，又因短语The number of + n.作主语时视为单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式。综上，谓语动词应使用现在完成时态，单数形式。故选D项。
20. I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________.
A. catching B. caught
C. to catch D. to be caught
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。have在本句中意为“有”，根据固定结构Sb have sth to do某人有某事要做，在本句中to do由主语完成，故选C。
【点睛】本句考查的是have的复合结构：have+宾语+非谓语，既是重点又是难点。对于have的复合结构，非谓语用什么形式，首先确定have的词义，是“有”还是“让”，have（有）+ sth to do sth (由主语完成）；have（让）+宾语+do / doing / done (用哪种形式需要具体分析），所以要正确理解句意和本结构的具体用法，灵活掌握才能把题作对。
21. We will put off the hiking until next week, ________ the weather may be better.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把徒步旅行推迟到下周，届时天气可能会好一些。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词next week，定语从句中做时间状语，应用关系副词when。故选B。
22. ________ I want to share with you is the respect I have for my teachers.
A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我想和你们分享的是我对老师的尊重。引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情应用what引导。故选D。
23. you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier.
A. Unless B. Although
C. Before D. Once
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：一旦你开始更健康的饮食，控制体重就会变得容易得多。A. unless除非；B. although尽管；C. before 在……之前；D. once 一旦。unless相当于if not，引导条件状语从句；although引导让步状语从句，不能和but连用；before引导时间状语从句；once引导具有条件意味的时间状语从句。故选D。
24. ________ volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty .
A. To study B. Studying C. Having studied D. Studied
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我已经研究火山很多年了，但是我仍然对它们的美感感到惊讶。空处是非谓语动词做状语，动词study(研究)和逻辑主语I二者之间是主动关系，且“我研究火山很多年”发生在“我对它们的美感感到惊讶”之前，应用现在分词的完成式having done，故选C。
25. I can’t find my purse. I ________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.
A. should leave B. could have left C. might leave D. must have left
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I’m not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选B。
第二节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
We are so used to the beauty of trees, plants and flowers that we may even take it for granted without realizing how much inspiration it has given us. For instance, an open flower might make us think how ___26___ it resembles an umbrella. It’s natural to think in this way, but actually it is the flower that inspires the umbrella.
Nature has inspired many of the most fascinating designs around us, those in architecture included. Today, architects continue to ___27___ ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature ___28___ or even to make natural organisms part of a building.
People whose interest is exploring the ___29___ between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum. It is ___30___to resemble a lotus flower whose floor collects rainwater and then recycles it through the plumbing system. Visitors are often ___31___ to find themselves in an urban building that so ___32___ captures the beauty of natural form.
Watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests inspired Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce to create the Eastgate Centre. The design ___33___ the need for traditional air conditioning and heating systems, so the building uses less energy and costs ___34___to run.
The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany. The ____35____ of the apartment building is covered in panels containing algae, which capture ____36____ from the sun and change it into energy that powers the building. Therefore, the building not only ____37____ its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces ____38____ to the environment.
Creating buildings such as these enables us to live ____39____ our environment. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the ____40____organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.
26. A. nearly B. hardly C. closely D. narrowly
27. A. discover B. explore C. tend D. support
28. A. polishes B. shares C. respects D. works
29. A. relationship B. discussion C. balance D. friendship
30. A. painted B. shaped C. sculptured D. translated
31. A. pleased B. disappointed C. amazed D. annoyed
32. A. truly B. fiercely C. suddenly D. slightly
33. A. increases B. forms C. reduces D. creates
34. A. fewer B. less C. more D. much
35. A. surface B. foundation C. bottom D. background
36. A. light B. steam C. radio D. heat
37. A. keeps off B. sticks to C. comes up with D. responds to
38. A. attack B. damage C. quality D. amount
39. A. in need of B. beyond control of C. on basis of D. in harmony with
40. A. simplest B. mildest C. worst D. latest
【答案】26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要举例子说明受大自然的激发，人类周围出现了许多最迷人的建筑设计。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，一朵开放的花可能会让我们觉得它有多像一把伞。A. nearly几乎；B. hardly几乎不；C. closely紧密地；相似地；D. narrowly勉强地。由上文“We are so used to the beauty of trees, plants and flowers that we may even take it for granted without realizing how much inspiration it has given us. ”和上下文“an open flower might make us think how____1____it resembles an umbrella.”可知，我们如此习惯于树木、植物和花朵的美丽，以至于我们甚至可能认为这是理所当然的，而没有意识到它给了我们多少灵感，所以我们看到开放的花朵时，会觉得它很像一把伞，此处用副词“closely(相似地)”强调我们认为花和伞很相似，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，建筑师继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然的运作方式，甚至使自然有机体成为建筑的一部分。A. discover发现；B. explore探索；C. tend倾向于；照顾；D. support支持。由下文“ways to capture the beauty of natural forms”可知，要捕捉自然形态之美的方法，需要建筑师去探索，下文“exploring”也是提示，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，建筑师继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然的运作方式，甚至使自然有机体成为建筑的一部分。A. polishes擦亮；B. shares分享；C. respects尊敬；D. works工作；运作。由上文“to mimic the way nature”和下段以新加坡艺术科学博物馆为例可知，建筑师模仿自然的运作方式，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些对探索艺术与科学之间的平衡感兴趣的人，将会喜欢新加坡的艺术科学博物馆。A. relationship关系；B. discussion讨论；C. balance平衡；D. friendship友谊。由下文“between art and science”可知，此处指探索艺术与科学之间的平衡，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的形状像一朵莲花，它的地板收集雨水，然后通过管道系统循环利用。A. painted绘画；B. shaped塑造；使成为……形状；C. sculptured雕刻；D. translated翻译。由下文“to resemble a lotus flower whose floor collects rainwater and then recycles it through the plumbing system”可知，新加坡的艺术科学博物馆被建成莲花的样子，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：游客们常常惊奇地发现自己置身于一座城市建筑中，这座城市建筑能真正地捕捉到自然形态之美。A. pleased高兴的；B. disappointed失望的；C. amazed惊讶的；D. annoyed恼怒的。由下文“to find themselves in an urban building that so ____7____captures the beauty of natural form.”可知，游客们发现自己置身于一座能真正捕捉到自然之美的城市建筑，这让他们感到很惊奇，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：游客们常常惊奇地发现自己置身于一座城市建筑中，这座城市建筑能真正地捕捉到自然形态之美。A. truly真正地；B. fiercely猛烈地；C. suddenly突然；D. slightly稍微地。由上文“It is_____5____to resemble a lotus flower whose floor collects rainwater and then recycles it through the plumbing system.(它的形状像一朵莲花，它的地板收集雨水，然后通过管道系统循环利用)”和下文“captures the beauty of natural form(捕捉自然形态之美)”可知，新加坡艺术科学博物馆这座城市建筑能真正捕捉到自然之美，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，因此建筑使用更少的能源，运行成本也更低。A. increases增长；B. forms形成；C. reduces减少；D. creates制作。由下文“so the building uses less energy”可知，这种建筑使用更少的能源，这说明这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求，因此建筑使用更少的能源，运行成本也更低。A. fewer更少的（修饰可数名词）；B. less更少的（修饰不可数名词）；C. more更多的（修饰可数名词）；D. much更多的（修饰不可数名词）。由上文“so the building uses less energy”可知，这种建筑使用更少的能源，进而运行成本也更低，costs不可数名词，用less，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，这种面板捕获太阳的热量，并将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力。A. surface表面；B. foundation基础；C. bottom底部；D. background背景。由下文“of the apartment building is covered in panels containing algae”可知，是公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，这种面板捕获太阳的热量，并将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力。A. light光线；B. steam蒸汽；C. radio收音机；D. heat热量。由下文“from the sun and change it into energy that powers the building”可知，含有藻类的面板能吸收太阳的热量，将其转化为能量，为建筑提供动力，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，这个建筑物不仅对环境作出反应，使用较少的能源，而且能减少对环境的破坏。A. keeps off让开；B. sticks to坚持；C. comes up with想出；D. responds to响应；对……做出反应。由上文“The___10_____of the apartment building is covered in panels containing algae, which capture_____11___from the sun and change it into energy that powers the building.”可知，建筑表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板，能捕获太阳的热量，这是指建筑对环境做出反应，故选D。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，这个建筑物不仅对环境作出反应，使用较少的能源，而且能减少对环境的破坏。A. attack攻击；B. damage损坏；C. quality质量；D. amount数量。由上文“which capture_____13___from the sun and change it into energy that powers the building”和“uses less energy”可知，含有藻类的建筑物不仅使用较少的能源，还能减少对环境的破坏，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：建造这样的建筑使我们能够与我们的环境和谐相处。A. in need of需要……；B. beyond control of无法控制…….；C. on basis of以……为基础；D. in harmony with与……和谐相处。由上文“Therefore, the building not only ____12___its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces______13____to the environment.”可知，这种表面覆盖着含有藻类面板的建筑，不仅使用较少的能源，而且能减少对环境的破坏，所以说这种建筑使我们能够与我们的环境和谐相处，故选D。
【40题详解】
考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意：在保护未来世界的同时满足今天的需求可能是一个挑战，但即使是最简单的生物体也可以帮助我们实现这一目标。A. simplest最简单的；B. mildest最温和的；C. worst最坏的；D. latest最新的。由上文“To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge”和but even可知，此处指“最简单的生物体”，它强调了自然给人类带来的灵感，即使是最简单的生物体也能激发人类，帮助人类实现保护未来世界的同时满足如今需求的目标，故选A。
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Often called “the universal language”, music can be powerful. Concerts combine music with performance, visual arts and sometimes social causes. The Guardian listed 50 concerts that changed modern music history. Let’s look at some of them.
● Bob Dylan: Newport Folk Festival
Rhode Island, US,
July 25, 1965
Bob Dylan is famous for his poetic guitar ballads (民谣). Many of his famous songs were about improving the rights of black Americans and protesting the Vietnam War.
However, in this 1965 concert, Dylan challenged his audience — he took out an electric guitar and made a sharp sound. Many fans felt that Dylan “betrayed (背叛)” them and his style. The Guardian said this is when folk rock was born.
● Live Aid
London, UK,
July 13, 1985
As its name suggests, Live Aid was for helping people. It raised $245 million to fight famine (饥荒) in Ethiopia. It’s often seen as the first benefit concert of its kind.
The show lasted 16 hours and was broadcast live in more than 140 countries. It had nearly 1.5 billion TV viewers. More than 100 rockstars from around the world participated.
● Beyonce: Coachella Music Festival
California, US,
April 14, 2018
There is now a rule of show business: A Beyonce performance will steal the show. Her powerful voice, energetic dance moves and creative outfits together give her a unique style.
At the Coachella Music Festival, Beyonce had an all-black dancer and backing vocals lineup. The concert, which fans call “Beychella” on Twitter, took 100 backup (支持性的) performers and three months of rehearsals.
The Guardian called it a combination of “ancestral spirit (先祖之魂), modern entertainment and personal will”. Beyonce is like “a goddess of war”.
41. What were Bob Dylan’s songs in the concert like?
A. They were soft just like poets and ballads.
B. They betrayed Dylan and his fans.
C. They were sharp folk rock.
D. They were about black people’s rights.
42. Why was Live Aid held?
A. To improve relationships among different countries.
B. To find talented singers.
C. To promote rock music.
D. To fight famine in Ethiopia.
43. What made Beyonce’s performance different?
A. The specially designed stage at the Coachella Music Festival.
B. Her all-star lineup of dancers.
C. Her voice, energetic dance moves and creative outfits.
D. The themes of her songs.
44. Which concert in the passage was broadcast live in many countries?
A. Newport Folk Festival.
B. Live Aid.
C. Coachella Music Festival.
D. None of them.
45. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Greatest concerts. B. Greatest singers.
C. Music and Singers. D. Universal language.
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. C 44. B 45. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了三场改变现代音乐历史的演唱会。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Bob Dylan: Newport Folk Festival部分第二段中“However, in this 1965 concert, Dylan challenged his audience — he took out an electric guitar and made a sharp sound.(然而，在1965年的音乐会中，Dylan向他的观众发起了挑战——他拿出一把电吉他，发出了响亮的声音)”及“The Guardian said this is when folk rock was born.(《卫报》称这是民谣摇滚诞生的时期)”可知，Bob Dylan在演唱会上的歌曲风格是高音民间摇滚。故选C项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Live Aid部分第一段中“As its name suggests, Live Aid was for helping people. It raised $245 million to fight famine (饥荒) in Ethiopia.(顾名思义，Live Aid是用来帮助人们的。它筹集了2.45亿美元用于对抗埃塞俄比亚的饥荒)”可知，Live Aid是为了对抗埃塞俄比亚的饥荒而举行。故选D项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Beyonce: Coachella Music Festival部分第一段中“Her powerful voice, energetic dance moves and creative outfits together give her a unique style.(她有力的声音，充满活力的舞蹈动作和创意的服装一起赋予了她独特的风格)”可知，Beyonce的声音、充满活力的舞蹈动作和创意的服装使她的表演与众不同。故选C项。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据● Live Aid部分第二段中“The show lasted 16 hours and was broadcast live in more than 140 countries.(这场表演持续了16个小时，在140多个国家进行了直播)”可知，Live Aid在很多国家直播。故选B项。
【45题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“The Guardian listed 50 concerts that changed modern music history. Let’s look at some of them.(英国《卫报》列出了改变现代音乐史的50场音乐会。让我们来看看其中的一些)”可知，文章介绍了几个改变现代音乐历史的演唱会。故选A项。
B
New York City is home to some of the tallest buildings on Earth. Recently, a new skyscraper joined them. This time it’s the thinnest in the world.
After years of development, Steinway Tower is now complete. The height of the building is 435 meters. But it’s just 18 meters wide. The width-to-height ratio is 1:24. That makes the building look very thin, like a chopstick sticking up from the ground. For context (供参考), CITIC Tower, known as China Zun Tower in Beijing, stands at 528 meters, but is 84 meters wide.
You don’t need to worry that the building may break in half during a storm. According to SHoP Architects, the designer of the building, it was made with the world’s strongest concrete . However, the building may still move in strong winds. That would cause loud noises, and people inside may feel dizzy (晕眩的).
Many modern tall buildings have a secret tool inside to help them stand still. It’s called a damper (风阻尼器), usually a huge steel ball that weighs hundreds of tons. For example, the Steinway Tower has a damper of 800 tons. It swings back and forth inside the building to balance the force of the wind.
There are many people living and working in New York City. Land there is very expensive. Skyscrapers are a great choice for saving land. Meanwhile, designers wanted to make the Steinway Tower a landmark. Part of the building is the 96-year-old historic site of Steinway Hall. It was famous for concerts in the 20th century. The special design of the skyscraper may help people remember the past glory (辉煌) of Steinway Hall.
46. What do we know about the Steinway Tower?
A. It is the world’s tallest building. B. It is a little wider than China Zun Tower.
C. The building work started this year. D. No other building is as thin as it.
47. What would make people feel dizzy?
A. The breaking of the building. B. The swinging of the building.
C. The sounds of strong wind. D. The falling of the strongest concrete.
48. What helps the Steinway Tower protect itself from wind?
A. Standing near other tall buildings. B. Weighing hundreds of tons.
C. Having a big steel ball inside. D. Swinging slowly in the wind.
49. Why do people build skyscrapers in New York City?
A. To save land. B. To show off their skills.
C. To welcome more people. D. To make space for landmarks.
50. What can we learn about the design of the Steinway Tower?
A. It is a common way to build theaters.
B. It is partly in memory of a famous old building.
C. It is the same as the design of Steinway Hall.
D. The historic style made it famous in the 20th century.
【答案】46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了位于纽约的世界上最薄的建筑施坦威大厦。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“New York City is home to some of the tallest buildings on Earth. Recently, a new skyscraper joined them. This time it’s the thinnest in the world.”（纽约市拥有一些世界上最高的建筑。最近，一座新的摩天大楼也加入了他们的行列。这次它是世界上最薄的。）可知，没有其他建筑像施坦威大厦这么薄。故选D。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“ However, the building may still move in strong winds. That would cause loud noises, and people inside may feel dizzy (晕眩的).”（然而，该建筑仍可能在强风中移动。这会造成巨大的噪音，里面的人可能会感到头晕。）可知，建筑物的摆动会让人感到头晕。故选B。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Many modern tall buildings have a secret tool inside to help them stand still. It’s called a damper (风阻尼器), usually a huge steel ball that weighs hundreds of tons. For example, the Steinway Tower has a damper of 800 tons.It swings back and forth inside the building to balance the force of the wind.”（许多现代高层建筑内部都有一个秘密工具，可以帮助它们静止不动。它被称为阻尼器，通常是一个重达数百吨的巨大钢球。例如，施坦威塔的阻尼器有800吨。它在建筑物内来回摆动以平衡风的力量。）可知，施坦威塔里面有一个大钢球帮助施坦威塔防风。故选C。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are many people living and working in New York City. Land there is very expensive. Skyscrapers are a great choice for saving land.”（有许多人在纽约市生活和工作。那里的土地非常昂贵。摩天大楼是节约土地的好选择。）可知，为了节省土地，人们在纽约建造摩天大楼。故选A。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“ Part of the building is the 96-year-old historic site of Steinway Hall. It was famous for concerts in the 20th century. The special design of the skyscraper may help people remember the past glory (辉煌) of Steinway Hall.”（建筑的一部分是拥有96年历史的施坦威音乐厅。它在20世纪以音乐会而闻名。摩天大楼的特殊设计可能会让人们记住施坦威音乐厅过去的辉煌。）可知，摩天大楼的特殊设计可能会让人们记住施坦威音乐厅过去的辉煌。故选B。
C
At the beginning of my senior year in high school, I began applying to the University of Connecticut. But what I didn’t realize was how expensive my dream was. I came from a middle-class family, and it seemed as though we’d always struggled to make ends meet.
I wasn’t the smartest person in my class, not even close; but my heart was in the right place, and I was determined. I applied for every scholarship I could. And then my guidance counselor told me about the financial aid system. I applied, but I didn’t think I would qualify for that either.
After the holidays, my friends started receiving their acceptance letters from colleges, and I eagerly expected mine. Finally, a letter arrived from the University of Connecticut. Feelings of fear and joy overwhelmed me when I opened the envelope with trembling hands. I had done it! I cried for a while, feeling both extremely excited and afraid. I had been working a full-time job, but that wasn’t enough to pay for tuition, and it was impossible for my parents to pay for my education.
Months went by before a letter from the financial aid office arrived. I opened it eagerly, but it was only a letter requesting more information to process my application. This happened over and over, and my hopes kept getting shot down. Finally, an envelope arrived, the one that would determine whether I could attend college. Not only was financial aid (助学金) going to help me out with my expenses, but also I won two of the scholarships I had applied for! I had actually made my dream come true.
I am now a junior at the University of Connecticut, pursuing a degree in English.
51. What was the author’s main trouble in realizing her dream?
A. She lacked determination.
B. Her family was short of money.
C. She didn’t know which university to apply to.
D. Her parents disapproved of her attending university.
52. How did the author get money for her tuition fees?
A. By taking up part-time jobs.
B. By receiving her parents’ support.
C. By turning to her guidance counselor for help.
D By applying for scholarships and financial aid.
53. Why did the financial aid office send the author the first letter?
A. To test her determination.
B. To inform her of their refusal.
C. To ask for supplemental information.
D. To check the process of her application.
54. What does the underlined word “overwhelmed” mean in paragragh 3?
A. Affected strongly.
B. Defeated completely.
C. Covered completely.
D. Overcame easily.
55. What does the author want to convey by sharing her story?
A. Never say never.
B. More haste, less speed.
C. Aiming higher, achieving more.
D. Pride hurts, modesty benefits.
【答案】51. B 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者的家庭很贫困，原本无法支付学费，但作者没有轻易言败，积极争取奖学金，努力赚取学费，最终成功入学，作者通过自己的经历想要告诉读者一个道理：永不言败。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But what I didn’t realize was how expensive my dream was.(但我没有意识到我的梦想有多昂贵)”及第三段中“I had been working a full-time job, but that wasn’t enough to pay for tuition, and it was impossible for my parents to pay for my education.(我一直有一份全职工作，但那不足以支付学费，我的父母也不可能支付我的教育费用)”可知，作者在实现梦想的过程中遇到的主要困难是家里缺钱，故选B项。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Not only was financial aid(助学金) going to help me out with my expenses, but also I won two of the scholarships I had applied for! I had actually made my dream come true.(助学金不仅帮我解决了开支问题，而且我还获得了我申请的两项奖学金！我真的实现了我的梦想)”可知，通过申请奖学金和助学金作者得到了学费，故选D项。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“I opened it eagerly, but it was only a letter requesting more information to process my application.(我急切地打开它，但这只是一封要求提供更多信息来处理我的申请的信)”可知，助学金办公室给作者寄了第一封信要求作者补充信息，故选C项。
【54题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词后“when I opened the envelope with trembling hands.(当我用颤抖的手打开信封时)”及“I had done it! I cried for a while, feeling both extremely excited and afraid.(我做到了！我哭了一会儿，感到既兴奋又害怕)”可知，此处指颤抖着手打开信封时，感到非常恐惧和喜悦，overwhelmed意为“（感情上）使受不了，压垮”，A项“受到强烈影响”正确。故选A项。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述作者的家庭很贫困，原本无法支付学费，但作者没有轻易言败，积极争取奖学金，努力赚取学费，最终成功入学，作者通过自己的经历想要告诉读者一个道理：永不言败，故选A项。
第Ⅱ卷（共45分）
第四部分：写作（共三节，满分45分）
第一节 选词填空。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
选词填空
weekly withdrew assistant bombed savings
bother analyzed employed craft banned
56. The retired man donated most of his ________ to the school damaged by the earthquake.
57. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t ________ to see it.
58. Top performers spend many more hours completely practicing their ________.
59. This part of Normandy was badly________ during the war, but it has been completely rebuilt.
60. A small sample of blood provided by children will be ________ by a lab.
61. Thanks to AI, I’ve got my smart personal________ built into my phone.
62. Her days are ________ in gardening and voluntary work.
63. He ________ from many school activities, because he didn’t have the time.
64. We go and do the ________ shopping every Thursday.
65 Environmentalists hope paper bags will be ________ someday and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags.
【答案】56. savings
57. bother 58. craft
59. bombed 60. analyzed
61. assistant
62. employed
63. withdrew
64. weekly 65. banned
【解析】
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：那位退休老人把他的大部分积蓄捐给了地震中受损的学校。most of+可数名词复数，表示“......的大部分”，根据句意可知，此处表示“积蓄；存款”，多用复数，故选savings。
【57题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果很多人说一部电影不好，我就懒得看了。bother to do固定搭配，意为“懒得做”，由前面的won’t可知，此处应用动词原形，故选bother。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：顶尖的表演者花更多的时间完全练习他们的技艺。此处应用名词做宾语，且表示“技艺”应用名词craft，且此处为不可数名词，故选craft。
【59题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：诺曼底的这一部分在战争期间遭到严重轰炸，但现在已经完全重建了。空处应用谓语动词，表示“轰炸”用动词bomb，且由was和句意可知，诺曼底的这一部分是被轰炸，应用一般过去时的被动，空处应用过去分词bombed，故选bombed。
【60题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：由儿童提供的一小份血样将由实验室进行分析。此处表示“分析”应用动词analyze，且由will be和句意可知，A small sample of blood和动词analyze是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动，所以应用过去分词形式analyzed，故选analyzed。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：多亏了 人工智能，我的手机里安装了一个聪明的私人“助理”。空处应用名词作宾语，表示“助手”，应用名词assistant，且此处表示一个助手，应用单数，故选assistant。
【62题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意： 她每天的时间被用来做园艺和志愿者工作。此处表示“利用”应用动词employ，且由are和句意可知，主语her days和employ二者之间是被动关系，所以应用一般现在时的被动，空处应用过去分词形式employed，故选employed。
【63题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：他退出了许多学校活动，因为他没有时间。空处是谓语，表示“退出”，应用动词withdraw，且由后面的didn’t可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事，用一般过去时，故选withdrew。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们每周四去购物。此处应用形容词做定语，修饰名词shopping，表示“每周的”应用weekly，故选weekly。
【65题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：环保人士希望有一天纸袋将被禁止，并希望购物者使用相同的可重复使用的袋子。此处表示“禁止”应用动词ban，且由will be和句意可知，paper bags和动词ban二者之间是被动，所以应用一般将来时的被动，空处应用过去分词形式banned，故选banned。
第二节 阅读表达。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读表达
A master of English education in China, Chen Lin just celebrated his 100th birthday in April. Chen has spent his whole life on English education.
In 1950, Chen started teaching at Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU). He was known as the “Professor of Three Ups”. He always put importance on “standing up” and “speaking up” in his classes. He always stood to teach and talked loudly. When class was over, he would “shut up” at once.
③Chen’s good teaching impressed students. LiJinzhao, one of Chen’s students and a teacher at BFSU now, said Chen likes role-playing and singing to make the class active. It was different from the “teacher speaks, students listen” style of the time. He also encouraged students to speak more and practice more.
In 1999, Chen led experts to make English curriculum standards (课程标准). Before that, English teaching goals from primary school to university didn’t connect well with each other. But the standards changed it. Then, English education worked like “one package (一条龙)”. He also wrote the first set of textbooks to carry out the new standards.
After leaving his job, Chen keeps on working. He reads and writes about how to improve English teaching. He once said, “I have been a teacher all my life, and I want to be an English teacher again in my next life.”
66. Why was Chen called the “Professor of Three Ups”? (No more than 15 words)
67. According to Li Jinzhao, how did Chen make his classes active? (No more than 4 words)
68. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? (No more than 5 words)
69. How did the curriculum standards change English education in China? (No more than 8 words)
70. Which of your teachers impresses you most? And why? (No more than 20 words)
【答案】66. Because he put importance on “standing up”, “speaking up” and “shutting up” in his classes.
67. By role-playing and singing.
68. Chen Lin’s teaching style.
69. It made English education into “one package”.
70. My high school English teacher left a deep impression on me. Because his class is lively and interesting. At the same time, we were encouraged to boldly express our own ideas.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是北京外国语大学一名优秀教师的教学生涯。
【66题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He always put importance on “standing up” and “speaking up” in his classes. He always stood to teach and talked loudly. When class was over, he would “shut up” at once.”（在课堂上，他总是很重视“站起来”和“发言”。他总是站着上课，大声说话。一下课，他就会立刻“闭嘴”。）可知，他看中的是“standing up” , “speaking up” and “shut up”。故答案为Because he put importance on “standing up”, “speaking up” and “shutting up” in his classes.
【67题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Chen likes role-playing and singing to make the class active.”（陈老师喜欢角色扮演和唱歌，使课堂活跃起来。）可知，他是通过扮演和唱歌让班级氛围活跃的。故答案为By role-playing and singing.
【68题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“Chen’s good teaching impressed students.”（陈老师的良好教学给学生留下了深刻的印象。）和“Chen likes role-playing and singing to make the class active. It was different from the “teacher speaks, students listen” style of the time. He also encouraged students to speak more and practice more.”（陈老师喜欢角色扮演和唱歌，使课堂活跃起来。它不同于当时“老师说，学生听”的风格。他还鼓励学生多说多练。）可知，本段强调的是Chen Lin老师的教学风格。故答案为Chen Lin’s teaching style.
【69题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Then, English education worked like “one package (一条龙)””（然后，英语教育就像“一条龙”。）可知，他的课程标准改变了中国的英语教育，使中国的英语教育像“一条龙”。故答案为It made English education into “one package”.
【70题详解】
考查开放答题。根据个人经历。本人认为，高中时的英语老师让我印象最为深刻。因为他的课堂生动有趣，让我了解到很多知识和常识。并且鼓励我们每个人大胆地说出自己的想法。故答案为My high school English teacher left a deep impression on me. Because his class is lively and interesting. At the same time, we were encouraged to boldly express our own ideas.
第三节 书面表达。（共1小题；满分25分）
71. 电影《花木兰》上映后引起很大反响。假如你是李华，你的笔友Peter来信向你询问中国历史上花木兰的故事。请你给他回信，要点如下：
1.花木兰的生平故事；
2.花木兰在中国人心中的地位与影响。
注意：1.词数80-100；2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：dress up装扮；a symbol of .....的象征；
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in the story of Mulan.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in the story of Mulan. I’m writing to tell you the story.
When the country was at war Mulan’s father had to join the army. However, he was too old and weak to do so while Mulan’s little brother was too young. Mulan decided to take on the responsibility. She came up with the idea of dressing herself up as a man and joined the army in place of her father. Mulan prepared for the journey carefully so that she could not be recognized. In the army, she was brave, smart and loyal. Finally, Mulan made it through the war and her bravery was recognized by the emperor.
Mulan’s story is recorded in poems, dramas and movies. The story of Mulan inspires every girl to shoulder her duty and achieve whatever she wants to. In China, Mulan is a symbol of independence, duty, intelligence and bravery.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。电影《花木兰》上映后引起很大反响。假如你是李华，你的笔友Peter来信向你询问中国历史上花木兰的故事。请你给他回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
决定做：decide to do→be determined to do
想出：come up with→think out
准备：prepare for→make preparations for
勇敢的：brave→courageous
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Mulan decided to take on the responsibility. She came up with the idea of dressing herself up as a man and joined the army in place of her father.
拓展句：Mulan came up with the idea of dressing herself up as a man and joined the army in place of her father because she decided to take on the responsibility.
【点睛】[高分句型1] When the country was at war, Mulan’s father had to join the army. (运用了When引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Mulan prepared for the journey carefully so that she could not be recognized.(运用了so that引导的结果状语从句)
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