期末综合测试卷--2021-2022学年人教版英语七年级下册（含答案）

这是一份期末综合测试卷--2021-2022学年人教版英语七年级下册（含答案），共17页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读单选，短文语境提示填空，材料作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
期末综合测试卷
一、单项选择
1．—You must ________ the rules. They are good for you.        
—OK, Mum.
A．follow B．follows C．to follow D．following
2．—Mr. White is a great artist.
—Yeah! His ________ are popular around the world.
A．paintings B．movies C．clothes D．books
3．—Did he have rice for lunch?                 
—_________. He ate two hamburgers.
A．Yes, he did B．Yes, he was C．No, he wasn’t D．No, he didn’t
4．—Can you play the piano ________ the violin?
—The piano. And I can ________ play the guitar.
A．or; also B．and; too C．or; too D．and; also
5．—The apples are $10, and the bananas are $15.   So you need to _________ $25 for them.
—OK.
A．take B．pay C．spend D．find
6．—Please ask Helen to ________ me ________ this evening.
—OK. Please tell me your phone number.
A．ask; for B．show; to C．help; with D．call; back
7．—Mom, is it ________ outside?          
—Yes, so you need to wear more clothes.
A．warm B．dry C．cold D．hot
8．—Listen, our teachers _________ Red Songs in the next room.
—Yes. Let’s go and have a look.
A．sing B．sings C．sang D．are singing
9．—Why don’t you like her _________?       
—Because they are not ________ to me.
A．friends; friend B．friendly; friend
C．friends; friendly D．friendly; friendly
10．—_________ does it take to get to school?        
—It takes about 15 minutes.
A．How much B．How long C．How old D．How far
11．—When do you go to school?             
— I go to school ________ 7:30 ________ the morning.
A．at; on B．at; in C．in; on D．on; at
12．—It rained hard yesterday.               
—Yes. ________, we brought raincoats.
A．Differently B．Luckily C．Easily D．Quickly
13．--Who this morning，Kate?
--My mother．
A．woke you up B．woke up you
C．wakes you up D．wakes up you
14．—Is there ________ meat in the soup?        
—Yes, there is ________ chicken in it.
A．some; any B．any; some C．any; any D．many; some
15．—________?        
—Yes. I’d like some dumplings.
A．What would you like B．May I take your order
C．Would you like some noodles D．What kind of dumplings do youlike
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容，从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并将其字母编号填在题前的括号里。
I live in a ____16____. It’s not big but very ____17____. I like the town very much. My home is on the third floor. There is a ____18____ next to my home. I often buy vegetables and other things here. The post office is next ____19____ the supermarket. It’s on the right of the supermarket. A big restaurant is across ____20____ them. The ____21____ there is very nice. Many people ____22____ there every day. There is a hotel behind the restaurant. The hotel is old but very busy ____23____ it’s the only one in the town. There ____24____ two banks and a library in my town. There are a lot of interesting books in the library. There is a small park, it is in front of the library, and the park is a great place _____25_____. I like my town, my town is quite a good place.
16．A．city B．town C．county D．China
17．A．clean B．dirty C．small D．expensive
18．A．restaurant B．post office C．supermarket D．bank
19．A．to B．of C．in D．on
20．A．from B．into C．for D．of
21．A．clothes B．food C．computer D．books
22．A．eat B．play C．walk D．read
23．A．so B．but C．because D．or
24．A．is B．are C．be D．was
25．A．study B．relax C．studied D．to relax
三、阅读单选
Once upon a time, there were lots of monkeys in the deep forest. Monkey Kiki had many brothers and sisters. That was good, because Kiki had many monkeys to play with. But Kiki wanted to catch the eye of other monkeys, too. That was hard to do with so many monkeys around.
One day Kiki played a joke on other monkeys. “Leopard!” Kiki cried. “A Leopard is coming!” Other monkeys frightenedly climbed up to the highest trees. Leopards like to eat monkeys.
Kiki laughed. “Ha! Just kidding,” he said. Kiki’s Aunt Ama shouted at him. “Kiki, nobody trusts (相信) the monkey who is not honest.” Kiki felt bad for a little while. But a few days later, he did it again.
“Leopard!” Kiki cried. “A Leopard is coming!” The monkeys cried again. Kiki laughed. “Ha! Just joking again,” he said. Aunt Ama shook her head. “Be careful, Kiki. Nobody will believe you if you keep this up.” The monkeys were all angry with Kiki. Kiki sat in a tree, bored and lonely.
Then he saw something on the ground below. A hungry-looking leopard padded across the rain forest floor towards the monkeys. “Leopard! A leopard is coming for real this time!” Kiki shouted. None of the monkeys cared about it. The leopard was beaded right for them. Kiki knew what he had to do.
“Here, leopard! Come here!” he yelled. Kiki climbed up to the highest tree. The leopard ran after Kiki. The other monkeys now saw the leopard and they climbed into the trees, too. The leopard could not climb as high as the monkeys. She gave up and walked away.
Kiki was relaxed. The other monkeys were glad that Kiki had tried to rescue them. They played with him again. And Kiki never played jokes on others.
26．Why did Kiki shout “leopard” to others at the first time?
A．He wanted to help others.
B．The leopard was his friend.
C．There was a leopard near them.
D．He wanted to make fun of others.
27．Which of the following has the same meaning as the underlined word “padded” in the fifth paragraph?
A．Walked gently. B．Ate hungrily. C．Ran fast. D．Shouted loudly.
28．Why did Kiki climb to the highest tree according to the sixth paragraph?
A．To stay away from the leopard.
B．To stop the leopard from catching him.
C．To make fun of other monkeys again.
D．To make monkeys know a leopard is coming.
29．What is the main idea of this passage?
A．Making fun of others is dangerous.
B．Staying away from leopards is important.
C．Telling lies can cause people to lose trust in you.
D．Saying things for three times can make them come true.
30．What do you think of Kiki?
A．Naughty but brave. B．Lazy but friendly.
C．Impolite but hard-working. D．Impatient but smart.
Studies have found that owning money can make people happy. But giving money to others also makes people happy. It could be buying a present for a friend. It could be buying a homeless person food to eat. It could be giving money to a person in need. Just think about the last time you used your own money to do something for someone else. How did you feel? Whether it is a small or large amount of money, you feel happy when you give. This is because making someone else happy makes the giver happy, too.
Ubuntu, an African word, means connecting your happiness to others. There is a story about a man visiting Africa. He asked some kids to race to a nearby tree. The first child to touch the tree would get one cookie. Surprisingly, all the children held hands and ran together. They all touched the tree at the same time. The man asked why they had done this. The children simply said they could only enjoy the cookies if everyone had one.
Clearly, those children understood that the secret to happiness is making others happy.
31．Which of the following is NOT the way to use money to help others?
A．Buying someone a gift. B．Buying someone a meal.
C．Giving money to the poor. D．Putting money in a bank.
32．Where is the underlined word “Ubuntu” from?
A．Africa. B．Asia. C．Australia. D．America,
33．Why did the children hold hands to run together?
A．The man asked them to do so.
B．Each one of them could get one cookie.
C．They like holding hands when running.
D．Holding hands could stop them from falling down.
34．What does the writer try to tell us?
A．Owning money can make people happy.
B．Running for cookies makes children happy.
C．If you want to be happy, you can visit Africa.
D．You will feel happy when you make others happy.
35．From what section of the magazine can you probably find this passage?
A．Education section. B．Business section. C．Travel section. D．Geography section.
LIFE                                                                                                                     Wuhan DailyMay 22nd, 2021
The step count app. (计步app)

To keep healthy, many people go to work on foot. When they start walking, they open the step count app in their phones to record(记录) how many steps they walk that day. After a day’s walk, some people show the number on WeChat or Weibo. This can make them learn from each other and keep exercising. A reporter interviewed(采访) some people.
“This helps me to exercise much and keep a good habit,” Miss Liu said. “We also have a group to encourage each other to keep exercising.”
Mr. Wu likes to exercise. But in the past he was kind of lazy. “After I use the app, everything is different. It’s great to exercise with my friends.” he said.
Walking is a relaxing and useful way to exercise. Both the old and the young like it. Recording the steps helps people develop(培养) good habit of walking and showing the number can make people more interested in walking. But don’t take the number too seriously(别太当真).
36．According to the news, We can know that ________.
A．the photo was provided by Wuhan Daily.
B．the news above comes from LIFE section
C．the news “The step count app.” was reported by Mr. Wu
D．the reporter interviewed some people on May 22nd, 2021
37．What does Miss. Liu think of a group to exercise?
A．It helps them learn from each other. B．It makes them work even harder.
C．It encourages each other to keep exercising. D．It helps them chat with each other.
38．What does the writer think of showing the number of steps?
A．It can make people show off on WeChat.
B．It can help people walk instead of driving.
C．It can make people more interested in walking.
D．It can help people change in many ways.
39．We can know from the news that ________.
A．Miss Liu was kind of lazy in the past
B．Mr. Wu hates to exercise
C．The step count app is bad for your health
D．Many people go to work on foot to keep healthy
40．The news mainly(主要地) tells us ________.
A．the step app helps us develop a habit of walking
B．people are using the app to record their step number
C．it’s great to exercise with friends in a group
D．lazy people will change after using the app
四、短文语境提示填空
根据课文内容，填写所缺的单词，每空一词。
Joe Brown has a very interesting job. He is a police ____41____. Some people see ____42____ and then talk to Joe. They tell him what the criminal looks like. Then Joe ____43____ a picture of the criminal, and the police put it in newspapers and on ____44____ to find him.
He wants to draw a good picture of each criminal, but this job is sometimes difficult. Many people don’t always see things the ____45____ way so they may describe the same person ____46____. Also, they don’t always remember well. “The criminal is of differently height and young. He has long ____47____ brown hair and big eyes,” says one woman. ____48____ woman says, “He is tall and thin, and he has curly blond hair. He’s about thirty years old.” In the ____49____, the real criminal is a short and ____50____ old man, and he has short black hair!
五、材料作文
51．同学们，本次考试后，盼望已久的假期就要到来！请你根据以下提示，制订出度假计划，可以结合自己的实际发挥。
写作内容：
1.和家人/朋友一起旅游，享受大自然的美景，放松心情。
2.锻炼身体，帮家长做家务。
3.读自己喜欢的书。
4.远离危险的地方。
写作要求：
1.60词左右，开头部分已给出，但不计入总词数。
2.内容合理，要点齐全，句子及篇章结构正确、连贯，书写规范。
3.不得出现自己的校名和姓名等个人信息。
My Plans for Summer Holiday
The final exams are coming to an end. The summer holiday is on the way. Here are my plans for the long exciting holiday. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1．A
【详解】
句意：——你必须遵守规则。 它们对你有好处。 ——好的，妈妈。
考查情态动词后接动词原形的用法。follow“遵守”，动词；情态动词must后接动词原形，故选A。
2．A
【详解】
句意：——怀特先生是一位伟大的艺术家。——是啊！他的画在全世界很受欢迎。
考查名词辨析。paintings油画；movies电影；clothes衣服；books书。根据上句“Mr. White is a great artist.”可知，应是他的画在全世界很受欢迎。故选A。
3．D
【详解】
句意：——他午餐吃米饭了吗？——不，他没有。他吃了两个汉堡包。
考查一般疑问句。Did开头的一般疑问句回答是“Yes,...did./No,...didn’t.”，所以排除B和C。由“He ate two hamburgers.”可知，午餐没有吃米饭，使用否定回答，故选D。
4．A
【详解】
句意：——你会弹钢琴还是小提琴？——钢琴。我也会弹吉他。
考查连词和副词辨析。or或者；and和；also也，用于句中；too也，用于句尾。根据答语“The piano.”可知，空一所在的句子应是选择疑问句，故空一应用or；空二位置在句中，故应用also。故选A。
5．B
【详解】
句意：——苹果10美元，香蕉15美元。所以你需要付25美元。——好的。
考查动词辨析。take花费，常用于固定句型：It takes sb. some time to do sth.；pay付费，常和for 搭配；spend花费，常用于spend…on sth./(in) doing sth.；find找到。根据“you need to... $25 for them”可知，此处指支付。故选B。
6．D
【详解】
句意：——请让海伦今晚给我回电话。——好的。请告诉我你的电话号码。
考查动词短语辨析。ask sb for sth向某人要某物；show sb to sth向某人展示某物；help sb with sth在某方面帮助某人；call sb back给某人回电话。根据“Please tell me your phone number”可知，要某人回电话。故选D。
7．C
【详解】
句意：——妈妈，外面冷吗？——是的，所以你需要多穿点衣服。
考查形容词辨析。warm暖和的；dry干燥的；cold冷的；hot热的。根据“you need to wear more clothes”可知，外面冷。故选C。
8．D
【详解】
句意：——听，我们的老师正在隔壁房间唱红歌。——是的。我们去看看吧。
考查动词时态。根据空前“Listen”及语境可知，空处动作在在进行，故应用现在进行时，构成形式为：be doing；主语“our teachers”是复数形式，故be用are，listen的现在分词是listening。故选D。
9．C
【详解】
句意：——你为什么不喜欢她的朋友？——因为他们对我不友好。
考查名词和形容词辨析。friend朋友，名词；friendly友好的，形容词。空一在形容词性的物主代词her之后，应用名词friends；空二在系动词之后，应用形容词friendly。故选C。
10．B
【详解】
句意：——到学校要花多长时间？——大概要花15分钟。
考查疑问词组。How much多少（钱）；How long多久；How old多大年纪；How far多远。根据“It takes about 15 minutes.”可知对时间段提问，用How long。故选B。
11．B
【详解】
句意：——你什么时候去上学？——我早上7:30去上学。
考查介词辨析。at用于具体的某一时刻之前；on用于具体的某一天和星期几之前；in用于年、月、季节和泛指上午、下午和晚上之前。“7:30”是具体的某一时刻，之前介词应用at；第二空泛指上午，其前介词应用in。故选B。
12．B
【详解】
句意：——昨天雨下得很大。——是的。幸运的是，我们带了雨衣。
考查副词辨析。Differently 不同地；Luckily幸运地；Easily容易地；Quickly快速地。根据“we brought raincoats”可知，带了雨衣，所以很幸运。故选B。
13．A
【详解】
句意：今天早上谁叫醒你的，凯特？——我的母亲。wake up唤醒，叫醒，为动副词组，代词必须放在中间，排除B,D；根据时间状语this morning判断，时态为一般过去时态，故答案为A。
14．B
【详解】
句意：——汤里有肉吗？——是的，里面有一些鸡肉。
考查some和any的区别。some一些，用于肯定句；any一些，用于否定句和疑问句。空一所在的句子是一般疑问句，故应用any；空二所在的句子是肯定句，故应用some。故选B。
15．B
【详解】
句意：——你可以点菜了吗？——是的，我想要一些饺子。
考查情景交际。What would you like你想要什么；May I take your order你可以点菜了吗；Would you like some noodles你想要些面条吗；What kind of dumplings do you like你喜欢什么样的饺子。根据“Yes. I’d like some dumplings.”可知，此处是问要不要点菜。故选B。
16．B
17．A
18．C
19．A
20．A
21．B
22．A
23．C
24．B
25．D
【解析】
本文作者介绍了自己居住的小镇。
16．
句意：我住在一个小镇上。
city城市；town镇；county国家；China中国。根据“I like the town very much.”可知，作者住在一个小镇上。故选B。
17．
句意：它不大，但很干净。
clean干净的；dirty脏的；small小的；expensive贵的。根据“It’s not big but very … I like the town very much.”可知，空格处和上文not big为转折关系，应是说明小镇的优点，“不大但是很干净”符合语境。故选A。
18．
句意：我家旁边有一家超市。
restaurant餐馆；post office邮局；supermarket超市；bank银行。根据“I often buy vegetables and other things here.”可知，可以买东西的是超市。故选C。
19．
句意：邮局在超市旁边。
to到；of……的；in在……里面；on在……上面。根据“is next …the supermarket”可知，此处介绍的是邮局的位置，next to“在……对面”，固定搭配。故选A。
20．
句意：他们对面有一家大餐馆。
from从……；into到……里面；for为了；of……的。根据“A big restaurant is across …them”可知，此处介绍餐馆的位置，across from“在……对面”，固定搭配。故选A。
21．
句意：那里的食物很好吃。
clothes衣服；food食物；computer电脑；books书。根据“A big restaurant …”可知，餐馆里供应的是食物。故选B。
22．
句意：很多人每天都在那里吃饭。
eat吃；play玩；walk走；read阅读。根据“A big restaurant …”可知，人们去餐馆吃饭。故选A。
23．
句意：这家旅馆很旧，但很繁忙，因为它是镇上唯一的一家。
so因此；but但是；because因为；or或者。根据“The hotel is old but very busy … it’s the only one in the town.”可知，空格上下文为前果后因的关系，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
24．
句意：在我的镇上有两家银行和一个图书馆。
is是，第三人称单数现在式；are是，第二人称单复数、第一、三人称复数现在式； be是，原形；was是，am/is的过去式。根据“There…two banks and a library in my town.”可知，there be句型遵循就近原则，较接近的主语为复数two banks，be动词用are。故选B。
25．
句意：图书馆前面有一个小公园，公园是一个放松的好地方。
study学习；relax放松；studied学习；to relax放松，动词不定式。根据“and the park is a great place”可知，此分句已有be动词，空格处为动词不定式作定语修饰good place。故选D。
26．D
27．A
28．D
29．C
30．A
【解析】
本文通过猴子Kiki的故事告诉我们说谎会使人们对你失去信任。
26．
细节理解题。根据“One day Kiki played a joke on other monkeys. ‘Leopard!’ Kiki cried.”可知Kiki第一次对别人喊“豹”是因为他想捉弄别人。故选D。
27．
词义猜测题。根据“A hungry-looking leopard padded across the rain forest floor towards the monkeys. ‘Leopard! A leopard is coming for real this time!’ Kiki shouted. None of the monkeys cared about it.”可知Kiki喊过之后没有猴子在意，因为他们都没有注意到豹子，由此推出豹子是放轻脚步穿过雨林的地面，padded与“Walked gently”意思一致。故选A。
28．
细节理解题。根据“Kiki climbed up to the highest tree. The leopard ran after Kiki. The other monkeys now saw the leopard and they climbed into the trees, too.”可知Kiki爬到最高的树上是为了引开豹子，让猴子们知道豹子来了。故选D。
29．
主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文通过猴子Kiki的故事告诉我们说谎会使人们对你失去信任。故选C。
30．
推理判断题。根据“One day Kiki played a joke on other monkeys.”可知Kiki是淘气的，再结合“Kiki climbed up to the highest tree. The leopard ran after Kiki. The other monkeys now saw the leopard and they climbed into the trees, too.”可知Kiki勇敢地救了大家。故选A。
31．D
32．A
33．B
34．D
35．A
【解析】
本文列举了两个例子：给别人钱使人快乐，给予者也感到快乐，以及非洲词Ubuntu背后的故事，告诉我们当你让别人快乐时，你也会感到快乐。
31．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It could be buying a present for a friend. It could be buying a homeless person food to eat. It could be giving money to a person in need.”可知使用钱帮助别人的方法有给朋友买礼物、给无家可归的人买食物吃、给需要帮助的人钱，排除A、B、C选项。选项D“把钱存入银行”不是用钱帮助别人的方式，故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据“Ubuntu, an African word,”可知Ubuntu来自非洲，故选A。
33．
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The children simply said they could only enjoy the cookies if everyone had one.”可知孩子们手牵手一起跑是因为这样他们每人可以得到一块饼干。故选B。
34．
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“This is because making someone else happy makes the giver happy, too.”和最后一段“Clearly, those children understood that the secret to happiness is making others happy.”可知作者想告诉我们当你让别人快乐时，你会感到快乐。故选D。
35．
推理判断题。本文通过给别人钱使人快乐，给予者也感到快乐，以及非洲词Ubuntu背后的故事，告诉我们让自己快乐的秘诀是让别人快乐。由此可知，本文最有可能出现在教育栏目。故选A。
36．B
37．C
38．C
39．D
40．A
【解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了计步app帮助人们养成了走路锻炼的习惯。
36．
细节理解题。根据文章左上角“LIFE”可知，该新闻来自于生活版块。故选B。
37．
细节理解题。根据刘小姐说的“We also have a group to encourage each other to keep exercising.”可知，她认为组队锻炼能够鼓励彼此坚持锻炼。故选C。
38．
细节理解题。根据“showing the number can make people more interested in walking”可知，显示出步数能够让人们对走路感兴趣。故选C。
39．
细节理解题。根据“To keep healthy, many people go to work on foot.”可知，许多人为了健康步行上班。故选D。
40．
主旨大意题。根据“Recording the steps helps people develop(培养) good habit of walking”并结合全文内容可知，该新闻主要介绍了计步app帮助人们养成走路锻炼的习惯。故选A。
41．artist
42．crimes
43．draws
44．television
45．same
46．differently
47．straight
48．Another
49．end
50．heavy
【解析】
本文主要介绍了乔•布朗是一位警察艺术家，这个工作有时很困难。许多人并不总是以同样的方式看待事物，所以他们可能会对同一个人有不同的描述。
41．
句意：他是一名警察艺术家。根据课文内容以及下文“He wants to draw a good picture of each criminal, but this job is sometimes difficult”可知他应该是一个警察艺术家，artist“艺术家”，是名词，故填artist。
42．
句意：有些人看到罪犯，就会告诉乔。根据“They tell him what the criminal looks like.”可推知看到的是罪犯，crime“罪犯”，是名词，此处用复数形式，故填crimes。
43．
句意：然后乔画了一张罪犯的画像，警察把它放在报纸和电视上寻找他。根据“He wants to draw a good picture of each criminal”可知是指画罪犯的画像，draw“画”，是动词，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填draws。
44．
句意：然后乔画了一张罪犯的画像，警察把它放在报纸和电视上寻找他。根据“ the police put it in newspapers and on...to find him.”结合课文内容可知，此处是指电视，television“电视”符合，故填television。
45．
句意：许多人并不总是以同样的方式看待事物，所以他们可能会对同一个人有不同的描述。根据“Many people don’t always see things the...way so they may describe the same person”可知人们看待事物的角度不一样，same“相同的”，是形容词，故填same。
46．
句意：许多人并不总是以同样的方式看待事物，所以他们可能会对同一个人有不同的描述。根据“Many people don’t always see things the...way so they may describe the same person”可知不同的人看待事物的角度不一样，所以描述同一个事物也不一样，differently“不同”，是副词，修饰动词，故填differently。
47．
句意：他有长长的棕色直发和大眼睛。根据“ curly blond hair”结合上文介绍不同。人描述事物也不一样可知此处应该指的是直发，straight“直的”，是形容词，故填straight。
48．
句意：另一个女人说：“他又高又瘦，他有一头金色的卷发。他大约三十岁。”根据“one ”结合语境可知此处指不确定范围中的人中的“一个，另一个”，应用another，故填another。
49．
句意：最后，真正的罪犯是一个又矮又胖的老人，他有黑色的短发！根据“In the ”结合语境可知此处指的是最后，in the end“最后”，故填end。
50．
句意：最后，真正的罪犯是一个又矮又胖的老人，他有黑色的短发！根据课文内容可知此处指的是胖老人，heavy“重的”，是形容词，故填heavy。
51．例文：
My Plans for Summer Holiday
The final exams are coming to an end. The summer holiday is on the way. Here are my plans for the long exciting holiday.
I’m going to Mount Lu with my parents. We can enjoy the natural beauty and relax ourselves there. During the vacation, I’m going to take an active part in volunteer activities with my friends. And I will help my parents do some housework, such as cooking dinner and washing clothes. Besides, I’m going to read some interesting books and keep away from danger. For example, I won’t swim in the rivers.
I think I will have a nice vacation and have a good time.
【解析】
1.题干解读：这篇作文要求考生根据提示的内容要点，写一篇短文介绍自己的暑假计划，属于材料作文。
2.写作指导：审题可知，这篇短文应以第一人称和一般将来时为主进行叙述。写作中承接开头，紧扣要点提示，从假期旅游、参加志愿者活动、帮家长做家务、假期阅读和远离危险等方面谈一谈如何度过即将到来的暑假生活。行文时注意主谓一致和上下文的过渡，符合逻辑关系，保证无语法和单词拼写错误。