2022年湖南省衡阳市中考英语试卷解析版

2022年湖南省衡阳市中考英语试卷

I.阅读技能（六个部分，共 35 小题，计 60 分）完形填空。通读短文，掌握大意，然后从 A、B、C 三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。（共 10 小题，计 10 分）

1．（10分）Mona was a young girl who lived in India.One night she saw the moon climbing into the sky slowly.It was so beautiful!Suddenly，a shining line of light from the moon danced right into （1）　   　room and said， "The old woman on the moon invites you for a visit.Will you come with me？I will bring you （2）　   　in a few days."

    Mona was very excited and（3）　   　with the moonbeam（一缕月光）.Stars and planets hurried past them.At last they reached the top of a mountain.The moonbeam finally stopped at the entrance of a beautiful castle which was made of moonstones.

    A very old woman，whose white flowing hair almost touched the ground （4）　   　greeted the girl.She said "You are the first human whom I have ever met.I have been here for millions of years，I am so （5）　   　.Please tell me about your life."

    Mona was a kind girl and she had compassion（同情）for the old woman.In the following days she stayed with the old woman and told her about the life on the （6）　   　.

    Suddenly，Mona felt someone was pushing her.Then she opened her eyes and saw her mom.Her mother said to her， "Mona，wake up!You have（7）　   　the whole day.Come and have some food."

    Later on，Mona took part in a writing competition in her school.Mona wrote about her wonderful dream（8）　   　won the first prize.Mona's parents were very happy with （9）　   　their daughter achieved and encouraged her to keep on writing.Soon Mona became a （10）　   　and wrote many good stories for children.

根据短文内容从方框内的六个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文内容完整、意思连贯。（共 5 小题计 10 分）

2．（10分）Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. （1）　   　Parents may be too close to their children

emotionally（感情上）.Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector. （2）　   　However，it might seem too dangerous for a parent.

    Another problem is that parents may expect their children's interests to be similar to their own.（3）　   　But what if their child's true love is art or writing，or car repair？

    Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children.But should children always believe what their parents do？（4）　   　But when they get older，they will have different ways of thinking.

    The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives.Our parents teach us，our teachers teach us，and our friends teach us.（5）　   　All of them are valuable.

A.If they love science，they may try to force their child to love science，too.

B.However，they are not always the best teachers.

C.Teachers are always ready to help their students.

D.Books，newspapers and televisions also teach us.

E.For example，a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience.

F.When children are young，they believe that their parents are always right.

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答所提问题。（共 5 小题，计 10 分）

3．（10分）In July，2021，China introduced the "double reduction" policy.It is expected to lower students' learning pressure by reducing homework and after﹣school classes.

    According to the policy，students in Grade 1 and Grade 2 should have no written exams.Also，students in other grades at primary schools should only have one final exam for every term.Middle schools are allowed to organize one test in the middle of the term and one at the end.

    Some schools have organized too many tests that are too difficult.As a result，students have to study hard all the time and they have been under a lot of stress.It has been harmful to students' mental（心理的）and physical health and it must be changed.

    According to the policy，schools and classes should not organize weekly or monthly tests.Also schools should make sure the difficulty of the tests does not go above the national teaching plan.The exam should pay more attention to basic knowledge and skills，and the number of questions based on rote（死记硬背）learning should be reduced.

    At the same time，the exam results should be divided into four to five grades without giving the scores.The exam results will no longer be announced in public.Instead，schools should tell parents and students the results in a proper way.The exam results can't also be used to decide which class a student will be in or where he should sit in class，the policy added.

（1）When was the policy introduced？

（2）Too much stress is harmful to students' mental and physical health，isn't it？

（3）According to Paragraph 4，what should be reduced in exams？

（4）How should schools tell parents and students the exam results？

（5）What do you think of the policy？

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共 5 小题，计 10 分）

4．（10分）Welcome to Baiyun Hotel and we will do all we can to make your stay an enjoyable one.We hope you will find the following useful to you.

    Star Ratings：★★★★

    Baiyun Hotel，sincerely looks forward to your arrival!

（1）What time can you enjoy your lunch in Baiyun Hotel？ 　   　

A.At 12：00.

B.At 13：40.

C.At 14：00.

（2）You can't  　   　when staying in the hotel.

A.buy tickets

B.bring pets

C.play sports

（3）Which of the following is NOT true？ 　   　

A.There is a telephone in the room.

B.Smoking is allowed everywhere.

C.You can cheek out at 12 o'clock.

（4）If Mr.Smith and his 10﹣year﹣old daughter have a meal in the hotel，how much should they pay？ 　   　

A. ￥40.

B. ￥60.

C. ￥80.

（5）You can read the information  　   　.

A.on a movie poster

B.in a story book

C.in a travel guide

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共 5 小题，计 10 分）

5．（10分）During the past summer vacation，a 15﹣year﹣old boy made a model plane on his own in less than a month.Then he flew it successfully，which surprised all the people around him.

    The boy named Li Banghua is from Hefei，Anhui Province.He made the plane completely by himself.The plane is 0.6 meters wide，has a wingspan（翼展）of 4.4 meters and weighs about 40 kilograms.According to a local report.Li just finished his high﹣school entrance exam a year ago and got good grades.After the exam，he threw himself into the work of making the model plane right away.

    Li has been interested in model planes since he was a child.Beside，he has been studying on building model planes for years.This time the model plane is the largest he has ever built and he considers it the most successful one.

    Throughout the process of building the plane，he came across many failures. "But the biggest difficulty I had was that the adults couldn't understand me well，" Li said. "When I said I was going to build a model plane，a lot of adults thought it was impossible.But I decided to keep on working hard.That is because once I start something，giving up is not a choice for me."

    What's more，on May 1st，2022，he took the "fire fighting drone"（消防无人机）to a test flight in the field of his hometown in Feixi County successfully.

    When talking about his future，he said he dreamed of becoming a plane engineer.

（1）How old is Li Banghua now？  　   　

A.15

B.16.

C.17.

（2）What's the weight of the model plane？  　   　

A.4 kilograms.

B.40 kilograms.

C.4.4 kilograms.

（3）The biggest difficulty he had throughout the process of building the plane was  　   　.

A.the lack of time

B.the lack of money

C.the lack of understanding from adults

（4）From Li Banghua's words，we learn that " 　   　".

A.To help others makes us happy

B.Where there is a will，there is a way

C.Actions speak louder than words

（5）What is the best title of the passage？ 　   　

A.Development of Model Planes

B.History of Model Planes

C.A Boy and His Model Planes

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共 5 小题，计 10 分）

6．（10分）A big sandstorm hit northern China several months ago.It covered many cities with thick clouds of yellow dust（尘土）.

    The storm，which came from Mongolia，was the largest sandstorm in China in the past 10 years.Many flights and classes were canceled because the visibility（能见度）was lower than 500 meters.

    The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area，together with the strong winds from Mongolia. "There has been little rainfall so far this spring and the temperature is rising.So now it is a worrying time for sandstorms." said an expert from Beijing.

    In recent years，sandstorms haven't been as common in northern China as before.The land with desertification（沙漠化）has been falling by 7，585 km per year in China，and the area of sandy land has been decreasing by 1.284 km2 a year.This is thanks to China's Three﹣North Shelter Forest Program（TNSFP 三北防护林工程）which started in the 1970s.Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment.

    Besides，China has a color﹣graded weather warning system（预警系统）for sandstorms，with red meaning the most serious，followed by orange and yellow.Therefore，people would have time to get prepared for the sandstorm.

（1）What caused the sandstorm from Mongolia？  　   　

A.Cold and wet weather together with the strong winds.

B.Warm，dry weather and the strong winds.

C.Warm，wet weather and the strong winds.

（2）The underlined word "decreasing" means " 　   　".

A.going up

B.putting down

C.going down

（3）When did TNSFP start？  　   　

A.In the 1970s.

B.In the 1980s.

C.In the 1960s.

（4）If the visibility in your city is 700 meters，what color will the warning be？  　   　

A.Red.

B.Orange.

C.Yellow.

（5）What can we infer（推断）from the passage？  　   　

A.We have taken some actions to prevent sandstorms.

B.Sandstorms have never changed.

C.The weather is getting worse and worse.

Ⅱ.写作技能（四个部分，共 21 小题，计 40 分）A）词汇运用。根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。（共 5 小题，计 5 分）

7．（5分）It was snowy and dark on the （1）l 　   　evening of the year.Many people were getting together in their warm homes.A poor little girl was still walking in the streets with no shoes.There were some matches in her hand.

    "Matches，matches!" the little girl cried in a low voice.No one heard her when they were passing by.She didn't sell any matches and no one gave her a（2）　   　（硬币）.The wind was blowing strongly and the snow was falling down on her long hair.She felt cold and hungry.

    Lights were shining from every window.But the little girl was afraid to go home without selling one box of matches，because her father would beat her.

    "Ah，a burning match may warm me up!" she thought.She lit three matches.When the matches were burning，she saw a warm stove，a delicious roast goose and a beautiful Christmas tree.But all these disappeared when the flames went out.Then she lit a（3）　   　（第四）match.A kind old woman was standing there.

    "Grandmother!" cried the little girl，"Take me with you." Her grandmother smiled and（4）h 　   　 the girl in her arms.

    On the morning of the new year，the girl was lying （5）a 　   　the wall，dead!

B）综合填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。（共 10 小题，计 10 分）

8．（10分）A new report predicts that by 2050，half of the world's population（around 4.8 billion people） will be shortsighted.The medical name for this is myopia（近视）.It is also （1）　   　 （call）nearsightedness.

    （2）　   　we have myopia，we can't see the things far away from us.It is true that more and more people have myopia.It's a bad situation.According to the data released（发布）by the National Health Commission，China is a big country of myopia，and almost 90 percent （3）　   　young Chinese people are near﹣sighted.Children aged between six and ten （4）　   　have myopia are more likely to suffer from severe myopia in the future.Some experts make a prediction （5）　   　（recent）.In their opinion，there will be seven times more people with myopia in 2050 than there were in the year 2000.

    The researchers say that the number of people with myopia will increase because of different reasons.Looking at computer screens and mobile phones may be the major reason.The increase may have something to do with lifestyle （6）　   　（change）.Now，people spend （7）　   　（little）time outdoors than before.A science journalist says that （8）　   　（spend）more time outdoors in early childhood can reduce the chances of getting myopia.A researcher once said. "You can spend time on computers and screens，（9）　   　 remember to spend two hours outdoors every day.That is （10）　   　for your eyesight."

C）补全对话。根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上适当的句子，使对话的意义连贯、完整。（共 5 小题计 10 分）

9．（10分）（Kangkang met Michael at the airport.）

K：Long time no see，Michael.Did you have a good time in your hometown？

M：（1）　   　.I visited many good friends there.But I'm sorry I missed your birthday party on April 16th.

K：（2）　   　.I had a meaningful birthday.Because on that day，Shenzhou﹣13 carrying three astronauts landed safely.

M：Wow，how exciting! （3）　   　？

K：They are Zhai Zhigang，Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu.

M：（4）　   　？

K：They have been in space for 183 days.

M：（5）　   　？

K：They did lots of research there.They also had space﹣based lectures.By the way，Shenzhou﹣14 was launched at 10：44 a.m.on June 5th.

M：Amazing!They're heroes!

K：You're right.We Chinese are so proud of them!

D）书面表达。（共 15 分）

10．（15分）随着"双减"政策的实施，同学们有更多的课余时间来培养自己的兴趣爱好，把生活过成自己喜欢的样子。

    亲爱的同学，你想做一个快乐的人吗？

    请你以"How to Be a Happy Student"为题，写一篇英语短文。

    要求：

    （1）根据右边的图文信息，选择至少两个方面的内容行文，可适当发挥；

    （2）文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名等个人信息；

    （3）字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确，条理清楚；

    （4）词数不少于 80。

2022年湖南省衡阳市中考英语试卷

参考答案与试题解析

I.阅读技能（六个部分，共 35 小题，计 60 分）完形填空。通读短文，掌握大意，然后从 A、B、C 三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。（共 10 小题，计 10 分）

1．（10分）Mona was a young girl who lived in India.One night she saw the moon climbing into the sky slowly.It was so beautiful!Suddenly，a shining line of light from the moon danced right into （1）　B　room and said， "The old woman on the moon invites you for a visit.Will you come with me？I will bring you （2）　C　in a few days."

    Mona was very excited and（3）　B　with the moonbeam（一缕月光）.Stars and planets hurried past them.At last they reached the top of a mountain.The moonbeam finally stopped at the entrance of a beautiful castle which was made of moonstones.

    A very old woman，whose white flowing hair almost touched the ground （4）　A　greeted the girl.She said "You are the first human whom I have ever met.I have been here for millions of years，I am so （5）　B　.Please tell me about your life."

    Mona was a kind girl and she had compassion（同情）for the old woman.In the following days she stayed with the old woman and told her about the life on the （6）　A　.

    Suddenly，Mona felt someone was pushing her.Then she opened her eyes and saw her mom.Her mother said to her， "Mona，wake up!You have（7）　B　the whole day.Come and have some food."

    Later on，Mona took part in a writing competition in her school.Mona wrote about her wonderful dream（8）　A　won the first prize.Mona's parents were very happy with （9）　C　their daughter achieved and encouraged her to keep on writing.Soon Mona became a （10）　B　and wrote many good stories for children.

【解答】（1）考查代词。A她，B她，她的，C他的，根据room （房间）可知名词前要用形容词性物主代词，根据Mona was a young girl 可知是女生，要用her，故选B。

（2）考查副词。A向下，B向上，C后面，根据The old woman on the moon invites you for a visit.（月亮上的老太婆邀请你来拜访。）可知几天后我会带你回来，故选C。

（3）考查短语。A推迟，B出发，C下车，根据Stars and planets hurried past them.（恒星和行星从他们身边匆匆经过。）可知带着一缕月光出发了，故选B。

（4）考查副词。A温柔地，B生气地，C不礼貌地，根据greeted the girl（向女孩打招呼）可知是温柔地向女孩打招呼，故选A。

（5）考查形容词。A担心的，B孤独的，C紧张的，根据You are the first human whom I have ever met.I have been here for millions of years（你是我见过的第一个人。我在这里已经有几百万年了）可知很孤独，故选B。

（6）考查名词。A地球，B月亮，C地面，根据Mona was a young girl who lived in India.（Mona 是一个住在印度的年轻女孩。）可知是告诉她地球的事，故选A。

（7）考查动词。A学习，B睡觉，C玩，根据Mona，wake up!（Mona，醒醒！）可知是睡了一整天，故选B。

（8）考查连词。A和，B或者，C但是，根据语境：Mona写下了她的美梦，并获得了一等奖。可知表并列，故选A。

（9）考查疑问词。A如何，B无实际意义，C什么，根据语境：莫娜的父母对女儿取得的成就非常满意，并鼓励她继续写作。作 achieved 的宾语用what，故选C。

（10）考查名词。A医生，B作家，C老师，根据wrote many good stories for children（为孩子们写了很多好故事）可知成为了一名作家，故选B。

根据短文内容从方框内的六个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文内容完整、意思连贯。（共 5 小题计 10 分）

2．（10分）Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. （1）　B　Parents may be too close to their children

emotionally（感情上）.Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector. （2）　E　However，it might seem too dangerous for a parent.

    Another problem is that parents may expect their children's interests to be similar to their own.（3）　A　But what if their child's true love is art or writing，or car repair？

    Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children.But should children always believe what their parents do？（4）　F　But when they get older，they will have different ways of thinking.

    The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives.Our parents teach us，our teachers teach us，and our friends teach us.（5）　D　All of them are valuable.

A.If they love science，they may try to force their child to love science，too.

B.However，they are not always the best teachers.

C.Teachers are always ready to help their students.

D.Books，newspapers and televisions also teach us.

E.For example，a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience.

F.When children are young，they believe that their parents are always right.

【解答】细节推理题。

（1）根据上文Parents can be very important teachers in our lives.（父母是我们生活中非常重要的老师。）以及下文Parents may be too close to their children emotionally（感情上）.（父母可能在情感上与孩子过于亲近。）可知此处应是表示转折的意思，结合选项，应说然而他们并不总是最好的老师，故选B。

（2）根据上文Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector.（有时他们只能从保护者的角度来看待自己的孩子。）以及下文However，it might seem too dangerous for a parent.（然而，这对父母来说似乎太危险了。）可知此处应是举例说明他人的一种观点，结合选项，应该说例如，老师可能会认为去大城市旅行是一种宝贵的经验，故选E。

（3）根据上文Another problem is that parents may expect their children's interests to be similar to their own.（另一个问题是，父母可能会期望孩子的兴趣与自己相似。）可知此处说的是父母的爱好，结合选项，应说如果他们热爱科学，他们可能会强迫他们的孩子也热爱科学，故选A。

（4）根据下文But when they get older，they will have different ways of thinking.（但是当他们长大了，他们会有不同的思维方式。）可知此处说的是孩子小时候，结合选项，应说当孩子还小的时候，他们相信父母永远是对的，故选F。

（5）根据上文Our parents teach us，our teachers teach us，and our friends teach us.（我们的父母教我们，我们的老师教我们，我们的朋友教我们。）以及下文All of them are valuable.它们都是有价值的。可知此处说的是其他教我们的东西，结合选项，应说书籍、报纸和电视也教我们，故选D。

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答所提问题。（共 5 小题，计 10 分）

3．（10分）In July，2021，China introduced the "double reduction" policy.It is expected to lower students' learning pressure by reducing homework and after﹣school classes.

    According to the policy，students in Grade 1 and Grade 2 should have no written exams.Also，students in other grades at primary schools should only have one final exam for every term.Middle schools are allowed to organize one test in the middle of the term and one at the end.

    Some schools have organized too many tests that are too difficult.As a result，students have to study hard all the time and they have been under a lot of stress.It has been harmful to students' mental（心理的）and physical health and it must be changed.

    According to the policy，schools and classes should not organize weekly or monthly tests.Also schools should make sure the difficulty of the tests does not go above the national teaching plan.The exam should pay more attention to basic knowledge and skills，and the number of questions based on rote（死记硬背）learning should be reduced.

    At the same time，the exam results should be divided into four to five grades without giving the scores.The exam results will no longer be announced in public.Instead，schools should tell parents and students the results in a proper way.The exam results can't also be used to decide which class a student will be in or where he should sit in class，the policy added.

（1）When was the policy introduced？

　In July，2021.　

（2）Too much stress is harmful to students' mental and physical health，isn't it？

　Yes，it is.　

（3）According to Paragraph 4，what should be reduced in exams？

　The number of questions based on rote learning should be reduced.　

（4）How should schools tell parents and students the exam results？

　Schools should tell parents and students the results in a proper way.　

（5）What do you think of the policy？

　It's good.　

【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据In July，2021，China introduced the "double reduction" policy.在2021年7月，中国推出了这个"双减"政策。故填：In July，2021.

（2）细节理解题。根据It has been harmful to students' mental（心理的）and physical health可知，它对学生的身心健康是有害的。故填：Yes，it is.

（3）细节理解题。根据the number of questions based on rote（死记硬背）learning should be reduced.

死记硬背的学习的数量应该减少。故填：The number of questions based on rote learning should be reduced.

（4）细节理解题。根据schools should tell parents and students the results in a proper way.学校应该用一种合适的方法告诉家长和学生分数。故填：Schools should tell parents and students the results in a proper way.

（5）开放性题。答案合理即可。我认为这个政策是好的。因为它减轻了我们的负担，减少了压力。故填：It's good.

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共 5 小题，计 10 分）

4．（10分）Welcome to Baiyun Hotel and we will do all we can to make your stay an enjoyable one.We hope you will find the following useful to you.

    Star Ratings：★★★★

    Baiyun Hotel，sincerely looks forward to your arrival!

（1）What time can you enjoy your lunch in Baiyun Hotel？ 　A　

A.At 12：00.

B.At 13：40.

C.At 14：00.

（2）You can't  　B　when staying in the hotel.

A.buy tickets

B.bring pets

C.play sports

（3）Which of the following is NOT true？ 　B　

A.There is a telephone in the room.

B.Smoking is allowed everywhere.

C.You can cheek out at 12 o'clock.

（4）If Mr.Smith and his 10﹣year﹣old daughter have a meal in the hotel，how much should they pay？ 　B　

A. ￥40.

B. ￥60.

C. ￥80.

（5）You can read the information  　C　.

A.on a movie poster

B.in a story book

C.in a travel guide

【解答】（1）理解判断题。根据Lunch （11：30﹣13：30）（午餐（11：30﹣13：30））可知12点可以吃午餐。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据Pets are not allowed.（宠物禁止入内。）可知在酒店期间是不可以带宠物的。故选B。

（3）理解判断题。根据Smoke only in smoking area.（只在吸烟区吸烟。）可知B项与文意不符。故选B。

（4）理解判断题。根据¥ 40 per meal，children under 12 years are half off.（一餐40元，12岁以下半价。）可知史密斯先生需要支付40元，10岁的女儿半价20元，一共60元。故选B。

（5）文章来源题。根据Welcome to Baiyun Hotel and we will do all we can to make your stay an enjoyable one.We hope you will find the following useful to you.（欢迎您光临白云酒店，我们将尽力使您在这里过得愉快。我们希望以下内容对您有用。）及全文可知文章介绍了四星级的白云酒店的相关信息，结合选项可知，文章最可能出现在旅游指南上。故选C。

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共 5 小题，计 10 分）

5．（10分）During the past summer vacation，a 15﹣year﹣old boy made a model plane on his own in less than a month.Then he flew it successfully，which surprised all the people around him.

    The boy named Li Banghua is from Hefei，Anhui Province.He made the plane completely by himself.The plane is 0.6 meters wide，has a wingspan（翼展）of 4.4 meters and weighs about 40 kilograms.According to a local report.Li just finished his high﹣school entrance exam a year ago and got good grades.After the exam，he threw himself into the work of making the model plane right away.

    Li has been interested in model planes since he was a child.Beside，he has been studying on building model planes for years.This time the model plane is the largest he has ever built and he considers it the most successful one.

    Throughout the process of building the plane，he came across many failures. "But the biggest difficulty I had was that the adults couldn't understand me well，" Li said. "When I said I was going to build a model plane，a lot of adults thought it was impossible.But I decided to keep on working hard.That is because once I start something，giving up is not a choice for me."

    What's more，on May 1st，2022，he took the "fire fighting drone"（消防无人机）to a test flight in the field of his hometown in Feixi County successfully.

    When talking about his future，he said he dreamed of becoming a plane engineer.

（1）How old is Li Banghua now？  　B　

A.15

B.16.

C.17.

（2）What's the weight of the model plane？  　B　

A.4 kilograms.

B.40 kilograms.

C.4.4 kilograms.

（3）The biggest difficulty he had throughout the process of building the plane was  　C　.

A.the lack of time

B.the lack of money

C.the lack of understanding from adults

（4）From Li Banghua's words，we learn that " 　B　".

A.To help others makes us happy

B.Where there is a will，there is a way

C.Actions speak louder than words

（5）What is the best title of the passage？ 　C　

A.Development of Model Planes

B.History of Model Planes

C.A Boy and His Model Planes

【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据原文During the past summer vacation，a 15﹣year﹣old boy made a model plane on his own in less than a month.（去年暑假，一个15岁的男孩在不到一个月的时间里自己制作了一个模型飞机）可知今年16岁。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据原文 and weighs about 40 kilograms.（重约40公斤。）可知40公斤重。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据原文But the biggest difficulty I had was that the adults couldn't understand me well（但我遇到的最大困难是成年人不能很好地理解我）可知最大的困难是得不到大人的理解。故选C。

（4）细节推理题。根据原文But I decided to keep on working hard.That is because once I start something，giving up is not a choice for me.（但我决定继续努力工作。因为一旦我开始做一件事，放弃对我来说就不是一种选择。）可知"有志者，事竟成"能概况他的话。故选B。

（5）标题判断题。根据原文During the past summer vacation，a 15﹣year﹣old boy made a model plane on his own in less than a month.（去年暑假，一个15岁的男孩在不到一个月的时间里自己制作了一个模型飞机）可知文章主要介绍了"一个男孩和他的模型飞机"。C选项适合做文章标题。故选C。

阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。（共 5 小题，计 10 分）

6．（10分）A big sandstorm hit northern China several months ago.It covered many cities with thick clouds of yellow dust（尘土）.

    The storm，which came from Mongolia，was the largest sandstorm in China in the past 10 years.Many flights and classes were canceled because the visibility（能见度）was lower than 500 meters.

    The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area，together with the strong winds from Mongolia. "There has been little rainfall so far this spring and the temperature is rising.So now it is a worrying time for sandstorms." said an expert from Beijing.

    In recent years，sandstorms haven't been as common in northern China as before.The land with desertification（沙漠化）has been falling by 7，585 km per year in China，and the area of sandy land has been decreasing by 1.284 km2 a year.This is thanks to China's Three﹣North Shelter Forest Program（TNSFP 三北防护林工程）which started in the 1970s.Millions of trees have been planted in northern China to prevent sandstorms and protect the environment.

    Besides，China has a color﹣graded weather warning system（预警系统）for sandstorms，with red meaning the most serious，followed by orange and yellow.Therefore，people would have time to get prepared for the sandstorm.

（1）What caused the sandstorm from Mongolia？  　B　

A.Cold and wet weather together with the strong winds.

B.Warm，dry weather and the strong winds.

C.Warm，wet weather and the strong winds.

（2）The underlined word "decreasing" means " 　C　".

A.going up

B.putting down

C.going down

（3）When did TNSFP start？  　A　

A.In the 1970s.

B.In the 1980s.

C.In the 1960s.

（4）If the visibility in your city is 700 meters，what color will the warning be？  　C　

A.Red.

B.Orange.

C.Yellow.

（5）What can we infer（推断）from the passage？  　A　

A.We have taken some actions to prevent sandstorms.

B.Sandstorms have never changed.

C.The weather is getting worse and worse.

【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据The storm was the result of warm and dry weather in the area，together with the strong winds from Mongolia.（这次风暴是该地区温暖干燥的天气加上来自蒙古的强风造成的。）可知是该地区温暖干燥的天气加上来自蒙古的强风造成的。故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据前文The land with desertification（沙漠化）has been falling by 7，585 km per year in China，（中国沙漠化土地面积每年减少7585公里，）可知此处意为沙地面积每年减少1.284平方千米。所以划线词意为"减少"。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据This is thanks to China's Three﹣North Shelter Forest Program（TNSFP 三北防护林工程）which started in the 1970s.（这要归功于中国在20世纪70年代启动的三北防护林计划。）可知是20世纪70年代开始的。故选A。

（4）理解判断题。根据Besides，China has a color﹣graded weather warning system（预警系统）for sandstorms，with red meaning the most serious，followed by orange and yellow.（此外，中国有一个沙尘暴天气预警系统，红色代表最严重，其次是橙色和黄色。）以及图上信息可知可见度为700米属于正常等级的沙尘暴天气，应为黄色。故选C。

（5）推理判断题。根据Besides，China has a color﹣graded weather warning system（预警系统）for sandstorms，with red meaning the most serious，followed by orange and yellow.（此外，中国有一个沙尘暴天气预警系统，红色代表最严重，其次是橙色和黄色。）及文中后两段信息可知我们已经采取了一些措施来预防沙尘暴。故选A。

Ⅱ.写作技能（四个部分，共 21 小题，计 40 分）A）词汇运用。根据所给汉语或英文首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。（共 5 小题，计 5 分）

7．（5分）It was snowy and dark on the （1）l 　ast　evening of the year.Many people were getting together in their warm homes.A poor little girl was still walking in the streets with no shoes.There were some matches in her hand.

    "Matches，matches!" the little girl cried in a low voice.No one heard her when they were passing by.She didn't sell any matches and no one gave her a（2）　coin　（硬币）.The wind was blowing strongly and the snow was falling down on her long hair.She felt cold and hungry.

    Lights were shining from every window.But the little girl was afraid to go home without selling one box of matches，because her father would beat her.

    "Ah，a burning match may warm me up!" she thought.She lit three matches.When the matches were burning，she saw a warm stove，a delicious roast goose and a beautiful Christmas tree.But all these disappeared when the flames went out.Then she lit a（3）　fourth　（第四）match.A kind old woman was standing there.

    "Grandmother!" cried the little girl，"Take me with you." Her grandmother smiled and（4）h 　eld　 the girl in her arms.

    On the morning of the new year，the girl was lying （5）a 　gainst　the wall，dead!

【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：这是一个下着雪而又黑暗的一年的最后一个晚上。形容词修饰名词，故答案为last。

（2）考查名词。句意：她没有卖任何火柴，没有人给她一个硬币。前面的词语是a，所以要用单数名词来填空，故答案为coin。

（3）考查序数词。句意：然后她点着了第四根火柴。根据汉语提示，故答案为fourth。

（4）考查动词。句意：她的祖母微笑着，搂着这个小女孩。主体时态是一般过去时，故答案为held。

（5）考查介词。句意：小女孩靠在墙上，死了！against the wall固定搭配，意思是"靠着墙"故答案为against。

B）综合填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。（共 10 小题，计 10 分）

8．（10分）A new report predicts that by 2050，half of the world's population（around 4.8 billion people） will be shortsighted.The medical name for this is myopia（近视）.It is also （1）　called　 （call）nearsightedness.

    （2）　When　we have myopia，we can't see the things far away from us.It is true that more and more people have myopia.It's a bad situation.According to the data released（发布）by the National Health Commission，China is a big country of myopia，and almost 90 percent （3）　of　young Chinese people are near﹣sighted.Children aged between six and ten （4）　that/who　have myopia are more likely to suffer from severe myopia in the future.Some experts make a prediction （5）　recently　（recent）.In their opinion，there will be seven times more people with myopia in 2050 than there were in the year 2000.

    The researchers say that the number of people with myopia will increase because of different reasons.Looking at computer screens and mobile phones may be the major reason.The increase may have something to do with lifestyle （6）　changes　（change）.Now，people spend （7）　less　（little）time outdoors than before.A science journalist says that （8）　spending　（spend）more time outdoors in early childhood can reduce the chances of getting myopia.A researcher once said. "You can spend time on computers and screens，（9）　but　 remember to spend two hours outdoors every day.That is （10）　good　for your eyesight."

【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：它也叫近视眼。前面的词语是is，所以要用过去分词来填空，构成一般现在时的被动语态，故答案为called。

（2）考查连词。句意：当我们有近视眼的时候，我们看不清距离我们远的东西。When引导时间状语从句，故答案为When。

（3）考查介词。句意：中国将近90%的年轻人是近视眼。percent of固定搭配，百分之...，故答案为of。

（4）考查代词。句意：6到10岁的孩子在将来更可能患近视。先行词Children，所以要用that/who来引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，故答案为that/who。

（5）考查副词。句意：一些专家最近做了一个预测。副词修饰动词，故答案为recently。

（6）考查名词。句意：近视眼的增加可能与生活方式的改变有关系。复数名词表示一类事物，故答案为changes。

（7）考查形容词比较级。句意：现在，人们比以前在户外花费的时间更少了。后面的词语是than，所以要用形容词比较级来填空，故答案为less。

（8）考查动名词。句意：一个科学记者说孩童时期在户外花费更多的时间可以减少得近视眼的机会。动名词作主语，故答案为spending。

（9）考查连词。句意：你可以在电脑或显示器上花费时间，但是记住每天要有两个小时的户外运动。前后句子存在转折关系，故答案为but。

（10）考查形容词。句意：这对你的视力是有好处的。be good for固定短语，对...有益，故答案为good。

C）补全对话。根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上适当的句子，使对话的意义连贯、完整。（共 5 小题计 10 分）

9．（10分）（Kangkang met Michael at the airport.）

K：Long time no see，Michael.Did you have a good time in your hometown？

M：（1）　Yes，I did　.I visited many good friends there.But I'm sorry I missed your birthday party on April 16th.

K：（2）　It doesn't matter　.I had a meaningful birthday.Because on that day，Shenzhou﹣13 carrying three astronauts landed safely.

M：Wow，how exciting! （3）　Who are they　？

K：They are Zhai Zhigang，Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu.

M：（4）　How long have they been in space　？

K：They have been in space for 183 days.

M：（5）　What did they do there　？

K：They did lots of research there.They also had space﹣based lectures.By the way，Shenzhou﹣14 was launched at 10：44 a.m.on June 5th.

M：Amazing!They're heroes!

K：You're right.We Chinese are so proud of them!

【解答】细节推理题

（1）结合上文，Did you have a good time in your hometown？（你在家乡玩得愉快吗？）再结合下文，I visited many good friends there.（我在那儿拜访了很多好朋友。）判断答语为肯定回答。故答案为Yes，I did。

（2）结合上文，But I'm sorry I missed your birthday party on April 16th.（但很抱歉我错过了你4月16日的生日派对。）判断答语的含义为"没关系"。故答案为It doesn't matter。

（3）结合下文，They are Zhai Zhigang，Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu.（他们是翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富。）判断问句询问他们是谁。故答案为Who are they。

（4）结合下文，They have been in space for 183 days.（他们在太空待了183天。）判断问句询问"他们在太空待了多久？"故答案为How long have they been in space。

（5）结合下文，They did lots of research there.（他们在那儿做了很多研究。）判断问句询问他们做了什么。故答案为What did they do there。

D）书面表达。（共 15 分）

10．（15分）随着"双减"政策的实施，同学们有更多的课余时间来培养自己的兴趣爱好，把生活过成自己喜欢的样子。

    亲爱的同学，你想做一个快乐的人吗？

    请你以"How to Be a Happy Student"为题，写一篇英语短文。

    要求：

    （1）根据右边的图文信息，选择至少两个方面的内容行文，可适当发挥；

    （2）文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名等个人信息；

    （3）字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确，条理清楚；

    （4）词数不少于 80。

【解答】

How to Be a Happy Student

 Everyone wants to be happy.As a student what can we do to be happy？Here is my advice.（点题）

It's necessary for us to have learning goals. 【高分句型一】The goals can make us be clear about what to do every day and live in a busy and meaningful life. （有学习目标）To be healthy is to be happy.So remember to have good life habits and do more exercise.We can do some sports，such as running or playing basketball.（保持健康） Also，we should be ready to help others.When we help those in trouble，we can get much happiness.（爱好） Besides，the most important for us is to stay in a good mood.If we are in good spirits，we can study better.【高分句型二】We should have a positive attitude and be ready to help others.（保持好心情）

I believe if we do so，we can have a happy life.（总结全文）