2022萍乡湘东中学高三上学期开学考试英语试题含答案

江西省萍乡市湘东中学2022届高三开学考试

英语试卷

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）

做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）

听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例： How much is the shirt?

第一节                                                                 £ 19.15 B.£ 9.18 C.£ 9.15

答案是 C。

1. What will the woman do first tonight?

A. Go to a movie.   B. Go to a concert.   C. Finish her homework.

2. What day is it today?

A. Monday.               B. Friday.       C. Sunday.

3. What is true about Sally?

A. She will go to Asia.

B. She met the man last night.

C. She called the woman in New York.

4. What does the man mean?

A. John will come soon.

B. They won’t wait for John.

C. They will stay up all night.

5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. An apartment building.   

B. A college campus.

C. A laboratory.

第二节  （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Who is the man waiting for?

A. His friend.    B. His sister.       C. His wife.

7. Where does this conversation most likely take place?

A. At a concert.       B. At a movie theater.      C. At a supermarket.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What does the man say about young people?

A. They trust their parents.  

B. They should be given more freedom.

C. They don’t respect their parents.

9. What is the woman’s job?

A. She’s a nurse. 

B. She’s a waitress.    

C. She’s a school teacher.

10. How does the woman feel about her parents?

A. They are strict.

B. She respects them for their advice.

C. She feels lucky that they are still together.

听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。

11. How did the man get the bike?

A. He bought it.

B. He got it as a reward. 

C. He got it as a birthday present.

12. What does the woman think of dogs?

A. She is afraid of them.

B. She is fond of them. 

C. She is bored with them.

13. What will the woman probably do next month?

A. Go to England.

B. Call the man.

C. Look after Mrs. Smith’s dogs.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. Where will the speakers have a snack?

A. Outside the church.      B. On the top of the hill.        C. At the car park.

15. Where is the old church?

A. Near the waterfall.       B. At the foot of the hill.       C. Behind the park.

16. How long will the speakers spend hiking in total?

A. About two hours.        B. About three hours.          C. About four hours.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What kind of place is the speaker mainly describing?

A. A famous restaurant chain.

B. A local café in South Africa.

C. An unknown restaurant.

18. What might you see when you go to the dining room?

A. Forest.     B. Fish.       C. Real wild animals.

19. What are the main dishes served with?

A. Traditional drinks.  B. Beautiful flowers.    C. Cultural stories.

20. How would the speaker like visitors to feel?

A. Concerned about the environment.

B. Happy with the delicious food.

C. Willing to help the poor.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分,满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选预中选出最佳选项。

A

Despite the lack of new releases due to the outbreak of COVID-19, there was no shortage of good films in 2020. We've rounded out the top 4 films. Check them out!

Soul

In the first Pixar cartoon to have an African-American lead character, Jamie Foxx provides the voice of a music teacher who dreams of making it as a jazz pianist. But just after a successful interview, he falls down a manhole and finds himself in a soul world where human spirits are assigned their personalities. And things get even stranger from there.

Nomadland

When Fern loses her husband and can't afford to live in a house, she packs her few belongings into a camper and drives off into the Nevada desert. She encounters a large community of senior citizens who have also been forced to live on the road, supporting themselves with short-term jobs along the way. What makes Nomadland unique is that while Fern is played by an Oscar-winning actress, nearly all she meets are real people who relate their own experiences. Written and directed by Chloe Zhao, the film is a combination of documentary and fiction.

The Croods: A New Age

The prehistoric family from 2013,s hugely enjoyable cartoon, The Croods, directed by Joel Crawford, makes a welcome return, so we can expect more crazy adventures and unusual animals. In the much-delayed sequel （续集），they meet another family, the Bettermans, whose advanced lifestyle and technology make the Croods look even more primitive than they did already. There's conflict but they learn to appreciate each other's differences.

Wolfwalkers

The year's finest cartoon film comes from Cartoon Saloon, an Irish studio specialising in stylised hand-drawn 2D art. Its latest production is set in the mid-17th Century, when English soldiers are trying to occupy the wild woods. One hunter's daughter meets with a girl wolfwalker and they make joint efforts to rescue the forest. It's a heartwarming story of friendship and an inspiring adventure about two girls finding themselves. Wolfwalkers stands proud as a new classic.

1. What is the film Soul about?

A. A pianist's dream coming true.

B. A musician's romantic journeys.

C. A music teacher's unusual experiences.

D. An African-American actor's success story.

2. Which movie will you go to if you are interested in the wandering life?

A. Soul. B. Nomadland. C. The Croods: A New Age.    D. Wolfwalkers.

3. In which column of the website could we read this text?

A. Science. B. History. C. Entertainment. D. Medicine.

B

Most teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore,  not surprising that the teenager has won the honor of “America's Top Young Scientist”.

In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city's primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into people's drinking water.

After two months' research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to  instantly detect lead in water. Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess （女神）of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys' potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.

Later, Rao took on another social issue - drug addiction. Her app, called Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before it's too late.

More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which uses artificial intelligence technology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying （网上欺凌）.When users type in a word or phrase. Kindly is able to pick it up if it's bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.

All kinds of awesome, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees （被提名人）for TIME Magazine's first-ever "Kid of the Year”.

4. What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys?

A. The incident of lead pollution.

B. The issue with drug addiction.

C. The shortage of water supplies.

D. The high cost of purifying water.

5. What is Rao expecting of Tethys?

A. It'll remove metal from water.

B. It'll make it to market soon.

C. It'll win her a higher prize.

D. It'll be fitted to cellphones.

6. What will Kindly allow users to do?

A. Receive pre-warning signals of threat.

B. Input words into a computer automatically.

C. Choose from secure social networking sites.

D. Weigh their words before posting them online.

7. Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist?

A. Ambitious and humble. B. Optimistic and adventurous.

C. Talkative and outstanding. D. Creative and productive.

C

 “One of the reason I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger,” says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.

By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that mom quit the right way-by stopping abruptly and completely.

In her Study, participants were randomly(随机地) assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy(疗法) with a nurse before and after quit day.

Six months later, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it--more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.

And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they’d rather cut down gradually before quitting. “If you’re training for a marathon, you wouldn’t expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, “Well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice,” says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn’t the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them addiction and withdrawal symptoms(脱瘾症状) before they even reached the day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. “Regardless of your stated preference, if you’re ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective,” says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. “When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that’s acceptable. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it,” Ferreira says.

People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.

28. What dose Lindson-Hawley say about her mother?

A. She quit smoking with her daughter’s help.

B. She was also a researcher of tobacco and health.

C. She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers.

D. She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.

29. What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley’s study?

A. They were given physical training.

B. They were offered nicotine replacement.

C. They were encouraged by psychologist.

D. They were looked after by physicians.

30. How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley’s experiment?

A. It is encouraging         B. It is unexpected

C. It is impractical         D. It is misleading

31. Take the idea of “a marathon” (Para.5) as an example to show that quitting smoking     .

A. is something few can accomplish      B. requires a lot of patience

C. needs some practice first       D. is a challenge at the beginning

D

That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the first night, effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.

Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved.

The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.

Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.

32. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?

A. She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.

B. She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.

C. She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins.

D. She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins’ sleeping patterns.

33. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?

A. She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.

B. She recruited (招募) 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.

C. She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains.

D. She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.

34. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?

A. She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.

B. She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.

C. She exposed her participants to two different stimuli (刺激物).

D. She compared the responses of different participants.

35. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?

A. They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.

B. They tended to recognize irregular beeps as a threat.

C. They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.

D. They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.

第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Many of us are hardwired NOT to ask for help. We think it makes us appear weak. We think people will say no. we think we have to do everything ourselves.___36___. We have to get over that, and there’s how:

Get over yourself

No one—and I mean NO ONE----got anywhere alone. You cannot and should not do everything yourself. You are not, in fact, always the best person for the job, or the “only” person who can do it. Asking for help is a sign of strength, not weakness. Asking for help clears space for you and frees your time and energy. ___37___.

Rebuild your thinking

Rebuild what it means to ask for help from “I am a weak, incompetent loser” to “I am strategically allocating my time to focus on what matters most.” Don’t focus on the fact that you can’t do something or don’t have the time.  ___38___. It’s a chance to connect, a chance to value a colleague, a chance to get something done faster or better, a chance to optimize your own time and talents.

39___

Asking for help is about tapping valuable resources to get the best outcome the most quickly with the fewest resources expended. That’s a fancy way of saying “get the right people for the job.” __40___. And the best way to do that is to know your colleagues, and proactively build relationships.

A. Know your colleagues.

B. Think about your colleagues.

C. Your energy can’t be wasted.

D. It’s a smart strategy.

E. It’s all about building the right team.

F. Instead, think about what you will gain from the ask.

G. Whatever the reason, we don’t ask for the help we need.

第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45）

第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

For The Flying Classroom’s second project, 11 of us from Tehran went to Tokhme-Baloot, a rural village in Ilam, one of the poorest provinces in the country. ___41___ by the government, Ilam has a high rate of unemployment, __42___ and drug use. People there used to make their living by farming, but now this way of life is ___43___ by constant famine (饥荒). The situation for children there is ___44___. Boys who don’t do well in school must start work after eighth grade and girls who don’t do well in school stay at home doing __45___ or get married.

Because our research before the trip made us believe there were large ___46___ around the village, we planned our project concept around oak (橡树) trees and squirrels to make the children ___47___ the beauty of the environment.

___48___, when we arrived at the village, we saw that there were only flat, __49___ grass fields. Tokhme-Baloot was far less ___50___ than we had expected. The village had only gotten gas and electricity four years earlier, and it was sometimes __51___ in the winter. After we saw the village and the surrounding area, the best concept for the project that we could think of focused on the respect for ___52___.

We began working with the students. Children started ___53___ the school equipment in bright colors. My colleague Zoya and I cut a dead branch into pieces and painted it to recreate a tree inside the school, as a symbol of nature __54___ by children, and on it we hung the squirrels and cranes. We left the school in bright colors with objects to ___55___ the children’s imaginations.

Projects like ours are viewed ___56___ by Iran’s government, and during our trip we were __57___ twice, once by the army and once by Basij, a paramilitary (准军事的) militia (民兵组织). They came to the school and talked to our group’s founder about the project, questioning him about is __58___, who supported it, who our members were, etc. After the tip, we ___59___ that The Flying Classroom might be stopped, but ___60___, it wasn’t.

41. A. Supported     B. Ignored      C. Cheated      D. Valued

42. A. poverty      B. influence      C. development     D. increase

43. A. used       B. covered      C. threatened      D. enjoyed

44. A. hopeful      B. poor       C. wonderful      D. strange

45. A. homework     B. cooking      C. chores       D. washing

46. A. companies     B. factories      C. forests       D. markets

47. A. destroy      B. appreciate      C. forget       D. decide

48. A. However      B. Therefore      C. Besides      D. Instead

49. A. false       B. dusty       C. poisonous      D. rare

50. A. developed     B. visited       C. known       D. polluted

51. A. benefited      B. produced      C. burned       D. interrupted

52. A. war       B. nature       C. love       D. god

53. A. dreaming      B. stealing      C. painting      D. borrowing

54. A. praised      B. written       C. created      D. saved

55. A. limit       B. inspire       C. share       D. check

56. A. skeptically     B. naturally      C. wonderfully     D. secretly

57. A. sentenced     B. killed       C. interviewed      D. rescued

58. A. purpose      B. result       C. income      D. success

59. A. hoped      B. concluded      C. pretended      D. feared

60. A. secondly      B. fortunately      C. unluckily      D. gradually

第三部分 英语知识运用

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving___61___(steady) through the air, and although the passengers___62___(fasten) their seat belts, they were suddenly thrown forward. At that moment, the air-hostess presented. She looked very pale,___63___was quite calm. Speaking quickly and almost in a whisper, she informed everyone that__64___pilot had fainted and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machines. After a moment's__65___(hesitate), a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilot's cabin. Moving the pilot aside, the man took his seat and listened carefully to the urgent instructions that___66___(send) by radio from the airport below. To everyone's relief, the plane,_67___was dangerously close to the ground at the moment, soon began to climb. The man had to circle the airport several times to become familiar___68___the controls of the plane. The critical moment came when he had to land. The man,___69___(follow) the instructions, guided the plane toward the airfield, and it___70___(land) safely after a long run along the runway.

第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分 35）

第二节            短文改错（10 分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

     增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Yesterday I went to see a film with my best friend. We set off at 1:30 in the afternoon and plan to arrive at the cinema before 2:30 so that we could watch the 3:15 show. The traffic was terrible bad. That made it even worse was that our bus broke up on the way. They stopped a taxi but rushed to the cinema, arriving ten minutes before the show. “Two ticket for 3:15,” Kate said, put the money on the courier. The film started at the moment we sat down in the cinema. It was an exciting film and we had great time yesterday afternoon.

第二节  书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jenny想学习中文，给你发来一封电子邮件询问学中文是否很难。请你给她回一封信，简要介绍学习中文需要注意的事项，并表示你愿意提供帮助。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

英语参考答案

1. A  2. B  3. A  4. B  5. C  6. A  7. B  8. A  9. B  10. B

11. A 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. C

21-23CBC

24-27ABDD

28-31DBAC

32-35CACB

36-40GDFAE

41. B   42. A   43. C   44. B   45. C   46. C   47. B    48. A    49. B    50. A    51. D   52. B    53. C   54. D   55. B   56. A    57. C    58. A    59. D    60. B

61. unsteadily    62. had fastened    63. but    64. the    65. hesitation   

66. were being sent    67. which    68. with    69. following   70. landed

Yesterday I went to see a film with my best friend. We set off at 1:30 in the afternoon and plan to arrive                                                                  planned

at the cinema before 2:30 so that we could watch the 3:15 show. The traffic was terrible bad. That made it                                                           terribly    What

even worse was that our bus broke up on the way. They stopped a taxi but rushed to the cinema, arriving ten                    down         We             and

minutes before the show. “Two ticket for 3:15,” Kate said, put the money on the courier The film started at                   tickets                putting

the moment we sat down in the cinema. It was an exciting film and we had great time yesterday afternoon.                                                     A

Dear Jenny,

I’m glad that you are so fascinated with Chinese. As a language used by a large population in the world, Chinese has become more and more popular with foreigners. To study Chinese, you are advised to learn from elementary Chinese, like Chinese pinyin and characters. Believe it or not, its grammar is quite similar to that of English, so there is no need to worry about it.

However, just like any other languages, Chinese has its special characteristics, such as its tones and each Chinese character with its unique structure, making it harder for foreigners to learn. So they may fall into a difficult situation, feeling discouraged, not knowing what it conveys. As your penfriend, I feel it a duty to offer my help whenever you meet with difficult language points while studying Chinese.

Best regards.