湖南省14市2021年中考英语真题知识分类汇编

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湖南省14市2021年中考英语真题知识分类汇编-阅读理解①
一．人物故事类阅读（共10小题）
1．（2021•株洲）"Mom!I found one!I found a rock!"
I heard those words again and again last summer as I sat by the window，which faces a park in the small town where I live.
The Kindness Rocks Project，which was started a few years ago by a mom in Massachusetts，has spread around the world.Kids，families，and people of all ages are taking part in painting rocks，hiding rocks，and finding painted rocks all over the place.Some post photos of the rocks on social media （传媒），and others simply move the rocks for someone else to find.Some take the rocks home and then replace them with new ones that they created and hid.
Nine﹣year﹣old twins Harry and Hannah DeVrieze have painted hundreds of rocks with their parents.Most evenings，the family and their small dog walk around with a wagon （运货车） full of rocks that they hide as they walk.
"It's a fun family activity，" Hannah says.
"We will do it in the winter too，" Hannah says.
Ben Burinsky，age nine，and his brother，Luke，age seven，were visiting relatives （亲戚） when they found their first painted rock in a park.They were so excited that they went home and painted their own rocks，then hid them for others to find.
"My boys loved finding the rock in the park，especially since it was a superhero，" their mother，Judy Burinsky，says. "I love how something so small can bring a smile to my children's faces.In return，they learn the value of giving back to others."
Kadyn Kinney，age nine，and his seven﹣year﹣old brother，Jayce，have also painted many rocks.They love to hide rocks and look for rocks with their mom and dad.When their grandmother visited，they gave her painted rocks to take home and hide in the Florida town where she lives.When asked how many rocks he has painted so far，Jayce says， "Trust me!I've painted more than 30."

（1）The activity was started in 　 　.
A.New York
B.Florida
C.Massachusetts
（2）How old is Harry？ 　 　
A.7.
B.9.
C.10.
（3）What does the underlined word "value" in Paragraph 8 mean？ 　 　
A.价值.
B.价格.
C.代价.
（4）Jayce has painted more than 　 　 rocks.
A.14
B.18
C.30
（5）What is the main idea of the passage？ 　 　
A.The kind people.
B.The Kindness Rocks Project.
C.The painted rocks.
2．（2021•郴州）On February 20，2021，Jasmine Harrison became the youngest woman to row （划艇） alone across the Atlantic Ocean.It took the 21﹣year﹣old swimming teacher just over 70 days to do it.
Ms.Harrison，who's from England，didn't have much experience in rowing long distances （距离）.She got the idea three years ago when she happened to be in Antigua.
There she saw the end of the 2017 Talisket Whisky Atlantic Challenge. "I just thought，I want to do this so I'm going to do it." she said.
Every year，rowers taking part in the Atlantic Campaign set out from the Canary Islands in December and row about 4，800 kilometers across the Atlantic.Some row in teams of two，three or four.Others，like Ms.Harrison，row by themselves.
It wasn't easy.Every day，Ms.Harrison would row for about 12 hours.She rowed about 20，000 strokes （划） a day.
Ms.Harrison had a smart phone that allowed her to talk with family and friends every day.She had other company along the way.She saw lots of sea life，including some whales.For several days，she was followed by a small group dolphins （海豚）. "I was in their environment，" she said. "It was just amazing."
There was danger，too.Twice，her boat was turned over in the night by large waves.She hurt her elbow quite badly.Another time，she nearly ran into a ship.
Somehow，she kept going.Finally，on February 20，after 70 days，3 hours and 48 minutes，she reached Antigua ﹣the end of the journey.Ms.Harrison's rowing has made her the youngest woman ever to row alone across the Atlantic.Before，that record was held by Kaitie Spotz from the USA，who crossed the Atlantic was a 22﹣year﹣old in 2010.

（1）When did Ms.Harrison get the idea of taking part in the Atlantic Campaign？ 　 　
A.In 2010.
B.In 2018.
C.In 2021.
（2）Ms.Harrison set out from 　 　 in the Atlantic Campaign.
A.London
B.Antigua
C.the Canary Islands
（3）What does the underlined word "company" probably mean in Chinese？ 　 　
A.陪伴.
B.宾客.
C.公司.
（4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ 　 　
A.Ms.Harrison is a 21﹣year﹣old animal keeper.
B.Ms.Harrison used a smartphone to talk with family and friends.
C.It was easy and safe for Ms.Harrison to finish her journey.
（5）What's the best title of the passage？ 　 　
A.The 2021 Talisker Whisky Atlantic Challenge.
B.The lovely sea life in the Atlantic Ocean.
C.The youngest woman to row along across the Atlantic.
3．（2021•益阳）Time passes rapidly with no sound.It has been 100 years since the Communist Party of China（CPC中国共产党） was founded（成立）.There are many stories about the Party and me.
Both my parents are members of the Party.When I was younger，they told me many touching stories about the CPC.The spirits of Jinggangshan and Yan'an moved me so much.From that time I became interested in the Party.
As I grew up，I learned more.In my eyes，my parents regard their membership in the Party as an important thing.Deeply，they know they should help others.They give away clothes to people in need.The give food to the poor.They help the cleaners sweep the streets.From them，I understand the duty of the Party members.
A few years have passed.I have read lots of books and watched movies that show the spirit of the CPC.What's more，I have joined in many activities that are about the Party.
Now I am a League member（团员）.I believe I will be a real Party member one day.If I become a member of the Party，I will do what I can to help others.I'm looking forward to that day!

（1）It's 　 　 years since the CPC was founded.
A.80
B.90
C.100
（2）What does the underlined word "touching" in Paragraph （段落）2 probably mean in Chinese？ 　 　
A.恼人的
B.令人感动的
C.无聊的
（3）As Party members，what do the writer's parents do to help others？ 　 　
A.They give food to the poor.
B.They sell clothes to people in need.
C.They ask the cleaners to sweep the streets.
（4）What has the writer joined in？ 　 　
A.Many activities about the Party.
B.Many activities about the League.
C.Many activities about volunteering.
（5）What is the writer now？ 　 　
A.A Party member.
B.A teacher.
C.A League member.
4．（2021•益阳）In order to help teenagers build a strong body，students in Grade 9 have to take part in zhongkao P.E.test every year.To prepare for the test，many junior high school students try their best to train hard.
On April 18，Sun Gao from Hangzhou，Zhejiang finished his P.E.test.After three years of hard training，he got 26.5 points.
" It wasn't a high score，since many of my classmates got full scores—30 points，but I'm still happy，since I tried my best." Sun said. "I think the P.E.test is really good for us.By hard training，I am much stronger now." He added.
Gong Siyu from Chengdu，Sichuan is in Grade 8 now. "I signed up（报名） for an after﹣school training class.I practice every Saturday evening for two hours，doing pull﹣ups（引体向上），an 800﹣meter run and basketball." she said.In 2022，when Gong takes the test，the P.E.test will be 60 points in zhongkao.
"I think it's a good thing." Gong said. "Health is important，and by preparing for the test，we get more chances to exercise and relax."

（1）What's the purpose of zhongkao P.E.test？ 　 　
A.To help teenagers train hard.
B.To help teenagers get good points.
C.To help teenagers build a strong body.
（2）How many points did Sun Gao get in his P.E.test？ 　 　
A.26.5 points.
B.30 points.
C.60 points.
（3）Why was Sun Gao still happy with his P.E.score？ 　 　
A.Because he got a full score in the test.
B.Because he tried his best in the test.
C.Because he got more points than all his classmates.
（4）When does Gong Siyu have her after﹣class training class now？ 　 　
A.Every Saturday morning.
B.Every Saturday afternoon.
C.Every Saturday evening.
（5）What did Sun Gao and Gong Siyu think about the P.E.test？ 　 　
A.Only Sun Gao thought it was a good thing.
B.Both of them thought it was a good thing.
C.Both of them though it was a boring thing.
5．（2021•张家界）Florence Nightingale was born on May 12th，1820.In 1851 she trained as a nurse.Two years later she went to a British military（军事的）hospital so that she could help British soldiers.Before she arrived，many soldiers died in the hospital because it was dirty.Nightingale worked hard to make the hospital clean and stop soldiers dying.When she returned to England in1856，she was a national heroine.Nightingale wrote two books about nursing and she also started a school to train nurses.She died in London on August 13th，1910，when she was 90 years old.

（1）What was Florence Nightingale's job？ 　 　
A.A nurse.
B.A soldier.
C.An artist.
（2）How many books did she write？ 　 　
A.One.
B.Two.
C.Three.
（3）Which of the following is NOT true about the article？ 　 　
A.In 1851 she went to a British military hospital.
B.In 1856 she returned to England.
C.In 1910 she died in London.
（4）What would be the best title for the article？ 　 　
A.A British Soldier.
B.A British Military Hospital.
C.A Famous British Nurse.
6．（2021•张家界）Hi，I'm Giorgio.I'm from Sicily.It's a beautiful island in Italy.I live in a village on the coast（海岸）.The sea is blue and I like to go fishing.
The capital of Italy is Rome.It is a very old city full of famous buildings.St Peter's is a very big and beautiful church（教堂） there.
Rome is very busy，but Milan is busier than Rome.It is in the north west of Italy.Do you know is famous football team？Milan has a population of 4 million people.People are busy working.
Venice is on the sea，and people use boats，not bicycles or buses for transport.Venice is beautiful，with lovely，old bridges and buildings by the water.
I'm happy on my island—and we have very good pizzas.

（1）Where is Giorgio from？ 　 　
A.Italy.
B.India.
C.England.
（2）Rome is 　 　.
A.busier than Milan
B.the capital of Italy
C.famous for football
（3）Milan has a population of 　 　.
A.4 million people
B.5 million people
C.6 million people
（4）If you are in Venice，how will you go to school？ 　 　
A.By boat.
B.By bus.
C.By bike.
7．（2021•常德）My name is Alice Black.I am thirteen years old，and I come from Mount Elm Sheep Station in South Australia.I have got two sisters﹣Jennifer is eleven and Lisa is seven.We are all pupils at the School of the Air.
The School of the Air is a school for children who live far from the cities，and who are in a place which does not have a local school.So we have "air" lessons over the radio or on the computer.Our teachers are at Port Augusta，a city which is about 160 kilometers away.
In the morning，we go to our school at 8：45. △ When we get there，we turn on the radio or computer and listen to what we should do.From then until twelve，we just do our usual lessons.In the afternoon，our mum makes us do some homework﹣﹣well，not homework，but more work around the house.
We send our exercise "books" to our teachers by email on Friday night.They mark them on Monday and Tuesday，and then send them back.We get them on Wednesday.
The Internet and the telephone help us get in touch with our teachers quickly and easily.We talk to our teachers once a week for about ten minutes.They tell us if we are making progress.Next year I will start at a new school in Port Augusta.I will spend the weekdays there and come home at weekends.It will be good to be with teenagers of my age，but I will miss my family.I hope I will be happy there.

（1）From the passage we know that 　 　.
A.the Black family is very poor
B.the Blacks lives far from Port Augusta
C there is a small local school near the Black family
（2）Which sentence can best replace"△"in the passage？ 　 　
A.It is really just a small building.
B.What fun it is to go to school
C.It is really an early time.
（3）In the 4th paragraph，the underlined word "them" means 　 　 in Chinese.
A.课本
B.作业
C.课程
（4）What do the teachers probably say to their pupils on the phone？ 　 　
A.Do you have any suggestions about our lessons？
B.Will you come to our school in Port Augusta？
C.How are you doing with your lessons？

8．（2021•常德）Usually I wouldn't cross the park at this time of night.But walking around the park would take more time，and it was raining so hard that I couldn't even see clearly what was right before me.So I entered the park.And that was the first stupid thing I did tonight.
Soon after I walked into the park.I saw a man under a tree up ahead.My heart fell.The stories I'd heard about the park were all coming into my head at this moment.Anyone with a clear mind would just turn back.But me？No.I did another stupid thing：I decided to hurry past him.
Just when I was passing the man，he raised his head and gave me the strangest smile ever I got scared and started running. ""Hey" the man shouted from behind. "Wait" He was running after me!
I ran like crazy.I had hoped the trees would keep some rain off.And they did.But they also made the park look even darker.I couldn't see what was ahead of me.Then，I ran into something.It was the man!
"Don't kill me!" I cried.
"What？I was trying to give back your bag!You dropped it" The man gave me my bag.
Now，I felt saying that to the man was the stupidest thing I did tonight.

（1）Why did he writer enter the park？ 　 　
A.It was safer to go across the park.
B.To go across the park would save time.
C.The trees in the park could keep the rain off.
（2）What did the writer mean by "the first stupid thing" "another stupid thing" "the stupidest thing"？ 　 　
A.He felt proud of himself.
B.He regretted what he had done.
C.He felt ashamed of making so many mistakes.
（3）The "drop" in 　 　 has the same meaning as the underlined one in the last but two paragraph.
A.He dropped off from his bike.
B.Oh，they have had to drop their prices.
C.Excuse me，Miss，you've dropped your umbrella.
（4）What's the best title for the passage？ 　 　
A.A Strange Man
B.A Scary Park
C.A Brave Cross
9．（2021•常德）
The city of music
Vienna is a beautiful old city on the River Danube in the center of Europe.It's the capital city of Austria and the center of European classical music.In the eighteenth century a lot of musicians came to study and work in Vienna.
In the Strauss family，there were two composers（作曲家）called Johann Strauss：the father and the son.The father，Johann Strauss he elder，wrote and played music for traditional dances，called the waltz.His dance music made him famous all over Europe.The son，Johann Strauss the younger，was also very successful and popular.He wrote over 150 waltzes.In 1867 he wrote The Blue Danube waltz.
Mozart was another very important composer.He was born in Austria in 1756.Before he was six，he played not only the piano but also the violin.His family took him around Europe and he gave concerts in many cities.He wrote hundreds of pieces of music.But he became very poor and died in 1791 when he was only thirty﹣five.Like Johann Strauss，father and son he was a great European musician，and many people still think his music is perfect.

（1）Where is Vienna？ 　 　
A.In Australia.
B.In Austria.
C.In America.
（2）Who wrote The Blue Danube waltz？ 　 　
A.Johann Strauss the younger.
B.Johann Strauss the elder.
C.Mozart.
（3）What kind of music does the waltz belong to？ 　 　
A.Blues music.
B.Country music.
C.Classical music.
（4）When was Mozart born？ 　 　
A.In 1867.
B.In 1791.
C.in 1756.
10．（2021•怀化）Yuan Longping. "the father of hybrid nice （杂交水稻）"，is one of the most important agricultural scientists.He had spent his whole life on hybrid rice.
Food was a big problem in China in the past.It was because China had 22% of the world's population，but only 7% of its farmland.In the 1960s，China had serious hunger.Millions of people died because they had no food.Professor Yuan was very sad to see this. "How can I help people have enough food？" he thought.He decided to work on a new kind of hybrid rice that had a high output（产量）.He and his team studied the rice seeds （种子） day and night.At last，in 1973，they grew a new kind of hybrid rice.This rice is strong.Farmers can grow it in many different kinds of farmland and also in bad weather.It can also fight diseases.Its output is much higher than common kinds of rice.
Professor Yuan has already left us，but he will be remembered forever.

（1）What had Yuan Longping spent his whole life on？ 　 　
A.Population.
B.Weather.
C.Hybrid rice.
（2）What made millions of people die in the 1960s？ 　 　
A.No food.
B.Serious diseases.
C.No seeds.
（3）When did they grow a new kind of hybrid rice？ 　 　
A.In 1960.
B.In 1973.
C.In 2020.
（4）Which of the following is TRUE about hybrid rice？ 　 　
A.Its output is much higher.
B.It is not strong enough.
C.It can't grow in bad weather.

二．社会文化类阅读（共5小题）
11．（2021•娄底）Thanks to a TV show，Fu Sheng is no longer a stranger to us.He is a scholar （学者） who lived during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC.Thanks to this scholar，we have the chance to enjoy the great book Shangshu，one of the "five classics" of Confucianism （儒学） .
The TV show is named China in the Classics （典籍里的中国） .The wonderful program was presented by CCTV.In its first episode （集） ，Fu Sheng's story was turned into a stage show.After watching it，people not only showed great interest，but also were deeply moved by him.He lived a simple life and made his efforts to protect and pass on a country's culture.
The art director of the show is Tian Qinxin.It was not an easy task for him to turn an ancient classic into a one﹣hour stage show that connects with the people of today.However，he made it and the show received high praise from people.
The TV show tells one classic Chinese book of ancient times in teach episode，letting rich history shake hands with modern expressions.It is enjoyed by young people and makes classics "alive".
"Through the classics，we can see the foundations （基础） of modern China，" said Tian. "No matter how the human history has developed，they still have a great influence on us.The classics remind us not to forget out past and explain where our cultural confidence （ 自信） comes from."

（1）From Paragraph 1，we can know 　 　.
A.a TV show makes us know Fu Sheng
B.many people have ever read Shangshu
C.Shangshu tells Fu Sheng's lifetime story
（2）What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "presented" in the sentence？ 　 　
A.出版.
B.播出.
C.观看.
（3）Fu Sheng tried his best to 　 　in his life.
A.live a rich life
B.make himself famous
C.pass on a county's culture
（4）Which of the following is true according to the passage？ 　 　
A.Young people are not interested in the TV show.
B.The TV show has nothing to do with modern life.
C.It was difficult for the art director to put on the TV show.
（5）What's the purpose of writing the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.To require people to watch CCTV.
B.To encourage people to learn classics.
C.To advise people to take part in stage shows.
12．（2021•株洲）Food is a kind of culture.It's a nation's memory and pride.The famous French baguette （长棍面包） is one of their memories and prides.French people think it should be protected. "It is much more than just a kind of bread.It is a symbol of France—it's like the Eiffel Tower，" said Dominigue Anract，president of the Confederation of French Bakers.
So it's no wonder that a group of French cooks want the baguette to become a form of intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） listed by UNESCO.French culture leaders have given a suggestion to the country's president.
UNESCO's intangible heritage list aims to protect culture from the influence of the world.Cooks in France believe that if the baguette is on the list，it will be better protected.The list already includes Belgian beer and Neapolitan pizza.
The baguette has been protected by law since 1993.The law says the bread must be made with only the following things：water，wheat flour，yeast and salt.The flour should be fermented （发酵） for 15 to 20 hours at a certain temperature.This strict rule makes the food special and delicious.
Six million baguettes are sold every day in France.However，as supermarkets continue to take over，tens of thousands of shops have closed since the 1950s. "The first thing we ask of a child is to go buy a baguette，" Anract said. "We think it important to protect these habits."

（1）Who is Anract？ 　 　
A.President of the Confederation of French Bakers.
B.President of UNESCO.
C.Manager of a supermarket.
（2）The cooks want the baguette to be on the list because it will 　 　.
A.be better cooked
B.become a symbol of France
C.be better protected
（3）The baguette has been protected by law since 　 　.
A.1950
B.1993
C.2020
（4）How many baguettes are sold every day in France？ 　 　
A.Six million.
B.Ten thousand.
C.Six thousand.
（5）The passage mainly tells us 　 　.
A.what the symbol of France is
B.how to make France's famous bread
C.France's famous bread should be protected
13．（2021•衡阳）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A.B.C 三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题完成句子。
Some children cannot wait to grow up.Because once you become an adult you are free to make your own decisions.More importantly you can do all those things that you cannot do now because you are too young.So the question is 'At what age do you really become an adult？' Well ，people become adults at different ages in different places.
In Australia the 18th birthday is a very important event for young Australians because it means they can do almost anything they want.They can vote （选举），learn to drive a car ，get married，join the army and even buy their own houses.Even if they can do all these things，most Australians have to wait until their 21st birthday to really celebrate becoming an adult.This is the traditional adult age in Australia and the USA and the UK.
Even though 21 is the traditional adult age in many English﹣speaking countries the law nowadays is different in each country.In the UK you can join the army at 16 and even get married at 16 if your parents allow.Young people in the UK can learn to drive a car at 17，although they have to wait until they are 18 to vote.
In China ，you can vote and learn to drive a car when you are 18，but if you want to get married，women have to wait until they are 18 and men until they are 22.Chinese people celebrate important birthdays every 10 years﹣﹣so when young people turn 20，they can expect a big party!
No matter what age you are，becoming an adult is really about learning how to be independent and responsible（负责任的）.Once you are finally able to take care of yourselves and make your own decisions，then you can say that you are truly all grown﹣ups.

（1）Some children cannot wait to grow up because 　 　.
A.they hope to drive a car
B.they can decide to do things freely
C.they can celebrate birthdays
（2）The underlined word" adult" means 　 　.
A.grown﹣up
B.kid
C.elder
（3）Which is TRUE according to the passage？ 　 　
A.In the UK，people can drive at 17.
B.In China，men can get married at 18.
C.In Australia，people can vole at 16.
（4）What does the last paragraph tell us？ 　 　
A.When people celebrate their 18th birthday，they become adults
B.When people turn 20，they should take care of themselves.
C.A true grown﹣up is independent and responsible.
（5）What is the main idea of the passage？ 　 　
A.Why some children can' t wait to grow up.
B.People become adults at different ages in different paces.
C.What people can do at different ages.

14．（2021•湘西州）A large number of people in the world eat fast food.Whenever you go into a fast food restaurant，you can see lots of people enjoying their meals there.Do you know in which country people like fast food best？
The English people are the world's biggest fans of fast food，while the French are the least interested in quick meals，according to a survey done last year.
The survey of thirteen countries shows 45% of the English people say they can't give up fast food because it's delicious.And 44% of Americans and 37% of Canadians say the same.
The French，proud of their delicious and high—class cuisine（高端烹饪），don't like fast food.81% of them think it is unhealthy，followed by 75% of the Japanese.
How about the Chinese？How often do you have hamburgers or fried chicken？It doesn't matter whether you like Western fast food or Chinese food.The most important thing is to keep a balanced diet（均衡饮食）.

（1）Who likes fast food best？ 　 　
A.The Chinese.
B.The French.
C.The English.
（2）The survey shows 　 　 of Americans like fast food.
A.37%
B.44%
C.75%
（3）Why can't some people give up fast food？ 　 　
A.Because it's cheap.
B.Because it's safe.
C.Because it's delicious.
（4）The survey shows 　 　 of Japanese don't like fast food.
A.75%
B.81%
C.37%
（5）What is the most important thing when we eat？ 　 　
A.To keep a balanced diet.
B.To eat something delicious.
C.To eat well.
15．（2021•益阳）
Traditional Chinese Cultures
Chinese Folk Music
Chinese folk music is connected with ancient Chinese stories.One of the classics（经典著作），shijing，included some folk songs from the West Zhou to the Spring and Autumn Period.Traditional Chinese musical instruments include guzheng，pipa，erhu，xiao and so on.
Weiqi
Weiqi，called yi in ancient China，is a smart board game between two players with a history of over 3，000 years.People believe weiqi is the beginning of all ancient chess games.
Chinese Handwriting
Chinese handwriting is a special art of Asian cultures.Brush handwriting is much loved around the world.Wang Xizhi was very famous for brush handwriting.He made a great achievement in Chinese handwriting.
Chinese Painting
In ancient China，most of the Chinese paintings were done on paper or silk.Traditional Chinese painting includes mountains and water，flowers and birds，figures（人物）.The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water.
（1）What is Chinese folk music connected with？ 　 　
A.Weiqi.
B.Ancient Chinese stories.
C.Chinese painting.
（2）Traditional Chinese musical instruments do NOT include 　 　.
A.xiao
B.piano
C.guzheng
（3）What have we learned about Wang Xizhi from the passage？ 　 　
A.He was a great weiqi player.
B.He was good at Chinese painting.
C.He made a great achievement in Chinese handwriting.
（4）In ancient China，people often painted 　 　.
A.on wood or cloth
B.on paper or wood
C.on paper or silk
（5）The highest form of Chinese painting is 　 　.
A.mountains and water
B.flowers and birds
C.figures
三．史地常识类阅读（共3小题）
16．（2021•郴州）There are many beautiful train lines around the world.Here are three that are worth travelling.
Qinghai﹣Tibet Railway，China
It is the highest railway in the world，climbing 5，000 meters above sea level.From Xining to Lhasa，the railway crosses many mountains and rivers.It also passes through the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve （可可西里自然保护区），the home to many wild animals.
Kumamon Train，Japan
Japan is famous for its train travel industry.Its trains often feature popular cartoon，game or mascot （吉祥物） characters.A good example is the Kumamon Train.It has the face of Kumamon on its front and back.You can see beautiful views （景色） of the ocean from this train.
Rocky Mountaineer，Canada
Rocky Mountaineer offers beautiful mountain and river scenery.Passengers can choose the glass﹣dome （玻璃顶的） cars.The cars have two floors.Passengers can go to the top floor to get 360﹣degree views of the scenery outside.Dining rooms are downstairs.There is also an outdoor viewing platform （平台） where you can go outside to enjoy fresh air.
（1）Which train line runs from Xining to Lhasa？ 　 　
A.Qinghai﹣Tibet Railway.
B.Kumamon Train.
C.Rocky Mountaineer.
（2）What can you do on the Kumamon Train？ 　 　
A.See many wild animals.
B.See beautiful views of the ocean.
C.Go outside to enjoy fresh air.
（3）Where can you get 360﹣degree views of the scenery outside on the glass﹣dome cars？ 　 　
A.On the first floor.
B.On the top floor.
C.On the outdoor viewing platform.
17．（2021•湘潭）The Forbidden City in Beijing was the emperors' palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties.It is also called"zijincheng（the Purple Forbidden City） "Though its walls are red and its roofs are yellow，the palace's name mentions the color purple.How did it get this name？
The character zi refers to the"ziwei star（Polars，北极星） ".According to ancient Chinese astronomy（天文学） ，the ziwei star was surrounded by 28 other stars，meaning it was the heart of he sky，People believed that the palace of the God Emperor，which is called ziweigong，or ziwei palace，was located on this star.Chinese emperors were believed to be the sons of the God Emperor.It was believed that their palace on Earth should be just like the ziweigong in the sky.That's how the Forbidden City got its name.
In Chinese culture，many people believe that the color purple stands for good luck.This belief begun with Laozi，the ancient philosopher（哲学家） and founder of Taoism（道教） who lived around 2，500 years ago.One day，when Laozi was traveling through the Hangu Pass（函谷关） in Henan from the eat，a purple mist（薄雾） suddenly appeared in the air.lt is believed that this mist was connected to Laozi in some ways.This"purple air from the east" story made people believe the color was a symbol of great saints from that point on.

（1）The Forbidden City has another two names EXCEPT 　 　.
A.zijincheng
B.ziwei gong
C.the Purple Forbidden City
（2）Ancient Chinese believed that ziwei star was 　 　.
A.the heart of the sky
B.the name of the emperor
C.the palace of the God Emperor
（3）In Chinese culture，many people believe that the color purple stands for 　 　.
A.Laozi
B.the emperor
C.good luck
（4）What is the main idea of the last paragraph？ 　 　
A.Where Laozi liked traveling.
B.Why Laozi was the founder of Taoism.
C.What"purple air from the east"means.
（5）What is the best title of the passage？ 　 　
A.China's"purple"palace.
B.The role of Taoism in China.
C.Development of the Forbidden City.

18．（2021•常德）In Darayya，a city in Syria，there's a library and it has 15，000 books on almost every subject you can think of.However，it is different from any libraries you know：It is a secret underground library，and only people in Darayya know where it is.
Over the years，war has shaken Darayya badly. △ Stores are closed one after another，and so are schools.To help the kids in Darayya with their learning，Anas Ahmad，a 19 year﹣old student，and his friends decided to build a library.They built the library under the ground to keep it safe from bombing.But it is dangerous to collect books for the library.Often，Ahmad and his friends lo for books in houses that were bombed.They need to be careful because they may be killed in another bombing.
You may ask， "In a place like Darayya，would people be interested in books？" "Just like the body needs food，the mind needs books， "says one library user.In the library，people enjoy their time of reading and forget about the terrible world above，so their life doesn't seem so hard.Through reading，they are able to dream of a better life after war.

（1）What do we know about Darayya's library？ 　 　
A.It was built during the war.
B.It has been bombed many times.
C.Most of its books are from outside of Darayya.
（2）Which can best replace "△" in the passage？ 　 　
A.Every day，houses are bombed and people are killed.
B.Every night，people come to help to build the library.
C.Every Monday，kids come to the library to read different books.
（3）Why do people in Darayya go to the library even during the war？ 　 　
A.They can get free food.
B.They find joy and hope in reading.
C.They want to learn how to win the war.
（4）The sentence﹣ "Just like the body needs food，the mind needs books， "says one library user. ﹣is used 　 　.
A.to answer the question above
B.to offer a solution to a problem
C.to give a supporting example for a topic


参考答案与试题解析
一．人物故事类阅读（共10小题）
1．【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据The Kindness Rocks Project，which was started a few years ago by a mom in Massachusetts，has spread around the world.可知，几年前由马萨诸塞州的一位母亲发起的仁爱之石项目。已经传遍了世界各地。所以这个活动是从马萨诸塞州开始的。故选C。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据Nine﹣year﹣old twins Harry and Hannah DeVrieze have painted hundreds of rocks with their parents.可知，九岁的双胞胎哈里和汉娜•德弗里兹和他们的父母一起画了几百块石头。所以哈里九岁了。故选B。
（3）A.词义猜测题。根据 "My boys loved finding the rock in the park，especially since it was a superhero，" their mother，Judy Burinsky，says. "I love how something so small can bring a smile to my children's faces.In return，they learn the value of giving back to others."可知，"我的孩子们喜欢在公园里找到那块石头，特别是因为它是一个超级英雄，"他们的母亲朱迪•伯林斯基说我喜欢这么小的东西能给我的孩子们带来微笑，作为回报，他们学会了回报他人的价值。" 所以第8段中带下划线的 "value" 的意思是价值。故选A。
（4）C.细节理解题。根据When asked how many rocks he has painted so far，Jayce says， "Trust me!I've painted more than 30."可知，当问到他到目前为止画了多少石头时，Jayce说"相信我！我画了30多幅。"所以杰斯画的石头不止30幅。故选C。
（5）B.主旨大意题。根据The Kindness Rocks Project，which was started a few years ago by a mom in Massachusetts，has spread around the world.可知，几年前由马萨诸塞州的一位母亲发起的仁爱之石项目。已经传遍了世界各地。所以这篇文章的主旨是仁爱之石项目。故选B。
2．【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段"On February 20，2021，Jasmine Harrison became the youngest woman to row （划艇） alone across the Atlantic Ocean.（2021年2月20日，贾斯敏•哈里森成为独自划船横渡大西洋的最年轻的女性。）可知，在2018年有了参加大西洋活动的想法，故选B。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第四段Every year，rowers taking part in the Atlantic Campaign set out from the Canary Islands in December and row about 4，800 kilometers across the Atlantic.（每年12月，参加大西洋运动的划手从加那利群岛出发，横渡大西洋约4800公里。）可知，Harrison从加那利群岛出发，故选C。
（3）A.词义猜测题。根据画线词后文"She saw lots of sea life，including some whales.For several days，she was followed by a small group dolphins她看到了很多海洋生物，包括一些鲸鱼。她被一群海豚尾随了好几天"可推知，画线词所在句意为"一路上她还有别的伙伴陪着她"，所以company的意思是"陪伴"，故选A。
（4）B.推理判断题。根据第六段Ms.Harrison had a smart phone that allowed her to talk with family and friends every day.（哈里森有一部智能手机，可以让她每天与家人和朋友交谈。）可知，她用智能手机和家人、朋友联系，B选项表述正确，故选B。
（5）C.标题归纳题。根据第一段On February 20，2021，Jasmine Harrison became the youngest woman to row （划艇） alone across the Atlantic Ocean.It took the 21﹣year﹣old swimming teacher just over 70 days to do it.（2021年2月20日，贾斯敏•哈里森成为独自划船横渡大西洋的最年轻的女性。这位21岁的游泳老师花了70多天才做到。）以及结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了一位老师独自划艇穿过大西洋的故事。故选C。
3．【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段"It has been 100 years since the Communist Party of China（CPC中国共产党） was founded"可知，中国共产党成立已有100年。故选C。
（2）B.词义猜测题。根据画线词后句"The spirits of Jinggangshan and Yan'an moved me so much"井冈山和延安的精神让我很感动。可推知，此句句意应该是：
我小时候，父母给我讲了许多关于中国共产党的感人故事。所以touching意为"感人的"，故选B。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第三段"They give away clothes to people in need.The give food to the poor.They help the cleaners sweep the streets"可知，父母把衣服送给有需要的人。他们把食物给穷人。他们帮助清洁工清扫街道。故选A。
（4）A.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"I have joined in many activities that are about the Party"我参加了许多有关党的活动。可知，作者参加了很多和党有关的活动。故选A。
（5）C.细节理解题。根据最后一段" Now I am a League member"可知，作者现在是一名团员。故选C。
4．【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段"In order to help teenagers build a strong body，students in Grade 9 have to take part in zhongkao P.E.test every year"为了帮助青少年建立一个强壮的身体，九年级的学生每年都要参加中考体育测试。可知，中考体育的目的是为了助青少年建立一个强壮的身体。故选C。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段""On April 18，Sun Gao from Hangzhou，Zhejiang finished his P.E.test.After three years of hard training，he got 26.5 points"4月18日，来自浙江杭州的孙高完成了他的体育考试，经过三年的艰苦训练，他得了26.5分。可知，孙高体育中考得了26.5分，故选A。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据第三段"It wasn't a high score，since many of my classmates got full scores—30 points，but I'm still happy，since I tried my best"这不是一个很高的分数，因为我的许多同学得到满分30分，但我仍然很高兴，因为我尽力了。可知，孙高虽然得了26.5分，但他仍然很高兴，因为他尽力了。故选B。
（4）C.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"I signed up（报名） for an after﹣school training class.I practice every Saturday evening for two hours，doing pull﹣ups（引体向上），an 800﹣meter run and basketball"我报名参加了一个课后培训班。我每个星期六晚上练习两个小时，做引体向上，800米跑和打篮球。可知，Gong Siyu 现在每周六晚上练习，故选C。
（5）B.推理判断题。根据第三段"By hard training，I am much stronger now"通过艰苦的训练，我现在更强壮了。以及最后一段"I think it's a good thing"我认为这是件好事。可推知，二人对于体育考试的评价都是积极的，故选B。
5．【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据"In 1851 she trained as a nurse"1851年，她接受了护士培训。可知，南丁格尔是一名护士。故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据"Nightingale wrote two books about nursing and she also started a school to train nurses"南丁格尔写了两本关于护理的书，她还开办了一所学校来培训护士。可知，南丁格尔写了两本书，故选B。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据"In 1851 she trained as a nurse.Two years later she went to a British military（军事的）hospital so that she could help British soldiers"1851年，她接受了护士培训。两年后，她去了一家英国军事医院，这样她就可以帮助英国士兵。A选项表述错误，故选A。
（4）C.最佳标题题。根据"Florence Nightingale was born on May 12th，1820"弗洛伦斯•南丁格尔出生于1820年5月12日。以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了著名的英国护士——佛罗伦萨•南丁格尔。故选C。
6．【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段"Hi，I'm Giorgio.I'm from Sicily.It's a beautiful island in Italy"嗨，我是Giorgio。我来自西西里岛。那是意大利一个美丽的岛屿。可知，Giorgio来自意大利。故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段"The capital of Italy is Rome"可知，罗马是意大利的首都，故选B。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第三段"Milan has a population of 4 million people"可知，米兰有400万人口。故选A。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据第四段" Venice is on the sea，and people use boats，not bicycles or buses for transport"威尼斯在海上，人们用船而不是自行车或公共汽车作为交通工具。可推知，如果你在威尼斯，你得坐船去上学，故选A。
7．【解答】（1）B.细节推理题。根据第二段Our teachers are at Port Augusta，a city which is about 160 kilometers away.（我们老师在奥古斯塔港，一个大约160千米之外的城市）可推断作者一家离奥古斯塔港很远，故选B。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据第三段When we get there，we turn on the radio or computer and listen to what we should do.（当我们到那儿时，打开广播或电脑并且听我们应该做什么）可推断作者等人在一个小楼里上学，因此推断出空白处指的是"它只是一栋小楼"，故选A。
（3）B.词义猜测题。根据第四段We send our exercise "books" to our teachers by email on Friday night.（星期五晚上我们通过电子邮件把练习本发给老师）可知老师批改的是作业，可推测出划线单词的含义为"作业"，故选B。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据最后一段They tell us if we are making progress（他们告诉我们是否取得了进步）可推断老师可能会在电话里询问孩子们的学习情况，即"你的课学得怎么样"，故选C。
8．【解答】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段But walking around the park would take more time，and it was raining so hard that I couldn't even see clearly what was right before me.So I entered the park.（但是在公园里散步要花更多的时间，而且雨下得很大，我甚至看不清前面是什么。所以我进了公园。）可推断作者去公园的原因是为了节省时间，故选B。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据第一段、第二段和最后一段Usually I wouldn't cross the park at this time of night.So I entered the park.I decided to hurry past him.The man gave me my bag.（通常我不会在晚上的这个时候穿过公园。所以我进了公园。我决定赶快从他身边过去。那人把包给了我。）可知作者觉得这几个举动都很愚蠢，据此推断他后悔进公园了，故选B。
（3）C.词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段"The man gave me my bag.那个人把包给我"可判断作者把包丢了或者落下了，结合选项，可知A选项中drop的含义为"摔倒"，B选项中drop的含义为"降低"，而C选项中drop的含义为"丢"，因此可知C选项中的drop与原文中的drop同义，故选C。
（4）B.文章标题题。根据第二段Soon after I walked into the park.I saw a man under a tree up ahead.My heart fell.The stories I'd heard about the park were all coming into my head at this moment.（不久我就走进了公园。我看见前面树下有一个人。我的心快跳出来了。这时，我想起了以前听过的关于公园的故事。）可知本文主要讲了作者在公园里发生的事情，因此判断本文最好的标题为"一个可怕的公园"，故选B。
9．【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段It's the capital city of Austria可知维也纳是奥地利的首都，故选B。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段The son，Johann Strauss the younger，was also very successful and popular.In 1867 he wrote The Blue Danube waltz.可知儿子小约翰•施特劳斯也非常成功和受欢迎。他在1867年创作了华尔兹《蓝色多瑙河》，故选A。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第一段It's the capital city of Austria and the center of European classical music.In the eighteenth century a lot of musicians came to study and work in Vienna.（维也纳是奥地利的首都和欧中古典音乐中心，在十八世纪，很多音乐家来维也纳学习和工作）可知音乐家来这里学习古典音乐，因此推断音乐家表演的华尔兹是古典音乐的一种，故选C。
（4）C.细节理解题。根据第三段He was born in Austria in 1756.可知莫扎特生于1756年，故选C。
10．【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段He had spent his whole life on hybrid rice.可知他一生都在研究杂交水稻。故选C。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第二段In the 1960s，China had serious hunger.20世纪60年代，中国有严重的饥荒，可知很多人死于没有食物，故选A。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据第二段At last，in 1973，they grew a new kind of hybrid rice.可知最终在1973年，他们种出了一种新的杂交水稻，故选B。
（4）A.细节判断题。根据第三段Its output is much higher than common kinds of rice.它的产量比普通米饭更高，故选A。
二．社会文化类阅读（共5小题）
11．【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段Thanks to a TV show，Fu Sheng is no longer a stranger to us.（多亏了一个电视节目，傅盛对我们不再陌生）可知，电视节目让我们知道了傅盛。故选A。
（2）B.词义猜测题。根据第二段The TV show is named China in the Classics （典籍里的中国） .The wonderful program was presented by CCTV.这个电视节目叫做"典籍里的中国"。这个精彩的节目是由中央电视台____的。电视节目应该是"播出"。故选B。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据第二段He lived a simple life and made his efforts to protect and pass on a country's culture.可知，傅盛努力保护和传承一个国家的文化。故选C。
（4）C.细节判断题。根据第三段The art director of the show is Tian Qinxin.It was not an easy task for him to turn an ancient classic into a one﹣hour stage show that connects with the people of today.（这次展览的艺术指导是田沁鑫。对他来说，把一部古老的经典作品变成一个与现代人有联系的长达一小时的舞台表演并非易事。）可知，对艺术指导来说很难播出电视节目。故选C。
（5）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段The classics remind us not to forget out past and explain where our cultural confidence （ 自信） comes from.（经典提醒我们不要忘记过去，并解释我们的文化自信来自哪里。）可知，最后一段主要介绍了经典的意义，鼓励我们学习经典。故选B。
12．【解答】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段Dominigue Anract，president of the Confederation of French Bakers.可知Dominigue Anract是法国面包师联合会主席，故选A。
（2）C.细节推理题。根据第三段Cooks in France believe that if the baguette is on the list，it will be better protected.法国的厨师相信如果长棍面包在这个名单中，它将会得到更好的保护，据此推断法国厨师想让长棍面包在名单上的原因是为了更好地保护它，故选C。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据第四段The baguette has been protected by law since 1993.可知自从1993年起长棍面包受到法律保护，故选B。
（4）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段Six million baguettes are sold every day in France.可知每天法国要卖出六百万长棍面包，故选A。
（5）C.主旨大意题。根据第一段The famous French baguette （长棍面包） is one of their memories and prides.French people think it should be protected.著名的长棍面包是他们记忆和骄傲的一个，法国人认为它应该被保护，可知本文主要讲了法国人认为长棍面包应该受到保护。故选C。
13．【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据Some children cannot wait to grow up.Because once you become an adult you are free to make your own decisions.可知有些孩子迫不及待地想长大。因为一旦你长大成人，你就可以自由地做出自己的决定。所以有些孩子迫不及待地想长大是因为他们可以自由决定做事。故选B。
（2）A.词义猜测题。根据Some children cannot wait to grow up.Because once you become an adult you are free to make your own decisions.可知有些孩子迫不及待地想长大。因为一旦你长大成人，你就可以自由地做出自己的决定。所以带下划线的单词"an adult "表示成年人。故选A。
（3）A．推理判断题。根据Young people in the UK can learn to drive a car at 17.In China ，you can vote and learn to drive a car when you are 18，but if you want to get married，women have to wait until they are 18 and men until they are 22.In Australia the 18th birthday is a very important event for young Australians because it means they can do almost anything they want.They can vote （选举）.可知英国的年轻人17岁就可以学会开车；在中国，你可以在18岁时投票并学会开车，但是如果你想结婚，女人必须等到18岁，男人必须等到22岁；在澳大利亚，18岁生日对年轻的澳大利亚人来说是一件非常重要的事情，因为这意味着他们可以做任何他们想做的事，他们可以投票选举。所以根据文章A在英国，人们17岁就可以开车了，表达是正确的。故选A。
（4）C.段落大意题。根据No matter what age you are，becoming an adult is really about learning how to be independent and responsible（负责任的）.Once you are finally able to take care of yourselves and make your own decisions，then you can say that you are truly all grown﹣ups.可知无论你多大年纪，成为一个成年人其实就是要学会如何独立和负责（负责任的）.一旦你最终能够照顾好自己，做出自己的决定，那么你就可以说你真的都是成年人了。所以最后一段告诉我们一个真正的成年人是独立和负责任的。故选C。
（5）B．主旨大意题。根据So the question is 'At what age do you really become an adult？' Well ，people become adults at different ages in different places.可知所以问题是"你真正成为成年人的年龄是多少？"嗯，在不同的地方，人们在不同的年龄成为成年人。所以这篇文章的主旨是在不同的地方，人们在不同的年龄成为成年人。故选B。
14．【解答】细节理解题
（1）C 根据文章第二段开头" The English people are the world's biggest fans of fast food，"英国人是世界上最大的快餐迷，可知英国人最喜欢快餐。故选：C。
（2）B 根据文章第三段"The survey of thirteen countries shows 45% of the English people say they can't give up fast food because it's delicious.And 44% of Americans and 37% of Canadians say the same."13个国家的调查显示，45%的英国人说他们不能放弃快餐，因为它是美味的。并且44%的美国人和37%的加拿大人同样这样说。可知，调查显示44%的美国人喜欢快餐。故选：B。
（3）C 根据文章第三段中"they can't give up fast food because it's delicious."他们不能放弃快餐，因为它是美味的。可知，人们不能放弃快餐是因为它是美味的。故选：C。
（4）A 根据文章第四段"The French，proud of their delicious and high—class cuisine（高端烹饪），don't like fast food.81% of them think it is unhealthy，followed by 75% of the Japanese."法国，以他们美味和高端烹饪而骄傲，不喜欢快餐。81%的人认为这是不健康的，其次日本75%的人也这样认为。可知，调查显示日本有75%的人不喜欢快餐。故选：A。
（5）A 根据文章结尾"It doesn't matter whether you like Western fast food or Chinese food.The most important thing is to keep a balanced diet（均衡饮食）."不管你是喜欢西方快餐还是中国食物。最重要的事情是保持一个均衡的饮食。可知，在吃东西时最重要的事情是保持一个均衡的饮食。故选：A。
15．【解答】（1）B 细节理解题。根据Chinese folk music is connected with ancient Chinese stories.可知，中国民间音乐与中国古代故事有关。故选B。
（2）B 细节理解题。根据Traditional Chinese musical instruments include guzheng，pipa，erhu，xiao and so on.可知，中国传统乐器有古筝、琵琶、二胡、箫等。不包括钢琴，故选B。
（3）C 细节推理题。题干：从这篇文章中我们对王羲之有什么了解？根据Wang Xizhi was very famous for brush handwriting可知，他在中国书法方面取得了巨大的成就。故选C。
（4）C 细节推理题。根据In ancient China，most of the Chinese paintings were done on paper or silk.可知，在中国古代，中国画大多是在纸上或丝绸上完成的。故选C。
（5）A 细节推理题。根据The highest form of Chinese painting is mountains and water.可知，中国画的最高形式是山水画。故选A。
三．史地常识类阅读（共3小题）
16．【解答】细节理解题。
（1）A.根据表格第一栏，From Xining to Lhasa，the railway crosses many mountains and rivers.（从西宁到拉萨，铁路跨越了许多山河。）可知，青藏铁路线要从西宁到拉萨，故选A。
（2）B.根据表格第二栏You can see beautiful views （景色） of the ocean from this train.可知你可以从火车上看到美丽的海景，故选B。
（3）B.根据表格第三栏Passengers can go to the top floor to get 360﹣degree views of the scenery outside.可知乘客可以到顶层360度欣赏外面的景色，故选B。
17．【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据It is also called"zijincheng（the Purple Forbidden City）。它也被称为"紫禁城（the Purple Forbidden City）。故选：B。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据According to ancient Chinese astronomy（天文学） ，the ziwei star was surrounded by 28 other stars，meaning it was the heart of the sky，根据中国古代天文学，紫微星是被其他28个星环绕的，意思是紫微星是天空的中心。故选：A。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据 In Chinese culture，many people believe that the color purple stands for good luck.在中国文化中，许多人相信紫色代表好运。故选：C。
（4）C.段落大意题。通读全段，结合根最后一句This"purple air from the east" story made people believe the color was a symbol of great saints from that point on.这个"紫气东来"的故事使得人们相信从那时起这种颜色就成了伟大圣人的象征。故选：C。
（5）A.标题归纳题。通读全文，可知本文主要介绍了中国的"紫禁城"。故选：A。
18．【解答】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第二段"war has shaken Darayya badly....Stores are closed one after another，and so are schools.To help the kids in Darayya with their learning，Anas Ahmad，a 19 year﹣old student，and his friends decided to build a library"可知，战争严重动摇了德拉雅....商店相继关门，学校也一样。为了帮助德拉雅的孩子们学习，19岁的学生阿纳斯•艾哈迈德和他的朋友们决定建一座图书馆，故这个图书馆是在战争时期建立的，故选A。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据第二段"war has shaken Darayya badly....Stores are closed one after another，and so are schools"可知，这里应该是说战争带来的灾难以及对人们的影响，故选A。
（3）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段Just like the body needs food，the mind needs books， "says one library user.In the library，people enjoy their time of reading and forget about the terrible world above，so their life doesn't seem so hard.Through reading，they are able to dream of a better life after war.（就像身体需要食物一样，大脑需要书籍，一位图书馆使用者说。在图书馆里，人们享受他们的阅读时间，忘记了上面可怕的世界，所以他们的生活似乎不那么艰难。）可推断出通过阅读，他们能够梦想战后更好的生活，人们能在阅读中找到快乐和希望，故选B。
（4）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段You may ask， "In a place like Darayya，would people be interested in books？（你可能会问："在德拉雅这样的地方，人们会对书感兴趣吗？）可知，此处是提出了一个问题，接下来用"Just like the body needs food，the mind needs books， "says one library user（就像身体需要食物一样，大脑需要书籍，一位图书馆使用者说）"这句话来回答这个问题。故选A。