重难点08 短文改错（热点话题）-2022年高考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国通用）

【命题趋势】

高考短文改错题是在给出一篇约100词的短文，文中有10处错误，要求考生对每个句子进行判断，如有错误将其改正。从体裁上看，历年高考试题中的短文改错以记叙文和应用文为主，兼顾说明文和议论文。错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等方面的错误。每句中最多有两处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

高考短文改错着重考查考生的语言基本功和正确使用英语进行表达的能力。此题型不仅要求考生牢固的掌握一定的词汇和语法知识，还要求考生具有一定的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力。它针对考生平时学习英语过程中，尤其是在写作中常犯的错误而设计的，考生在平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。 

【满分技巧】

备考策略

一、把握＂三＂＂四＂＂五＂，共十二个考点

三个必考点：1. 名词的单复数；2. 介词的误用、多用或少用；3. 动词时态不一致。

四个常考点：1. 连词的误用、多用或少用；2. 冠词的误用、多用或少用；3. 词语辨析；4. 词性误用。

五个考点：1. 代词；2. 非谓语动词；3. 情态动词；4. 主谓一致；5. 形容词的比较级和最高级。

二、考法

1.  8个改词1个添词1个删词，记住比例是：8:1:1；

2. 每句有0—2个错误；

3. 需要变形的词语通常是名词、动词、形容词、副词等；

4. 少词一般是添加冠词、介词、连词、不定式的to，以及物主代词；

5. 多词一般是删掉冠词、介词、助动词等。

【核心思路】根据考点找错误，又快又准高速度。

解题步骤

做短文改错通常遵循以下几个步骤：通读文章，了解大意；逐句分析，行中找错；再读短文，检查漏洞。即按照文章→句子→行→文章的顺序。

第一步：通读全文，了解大意。短文改错是考查考生在理解的基础上对语篇整体的识错、纠错能力，必须从全篇考虑，而不能只顾一句或一行。要理解文章的谋篇布局，弄清楚整篇文章的意思。在阅读过程中，要注意行文逻辑、文章的时态以及人称等。

第二步：逐句分析，行中找错。尽管短文改错是以行设置错误的，但语言毕竟是以句子为完整意义单位的。所以，可以逐句分析，看看单句是否有错；如果有错，有几处错误，是什么错误，再看看错误在哪一行。把＂短文改错＂转化为＂单句改错＂，然后再在行中找错，这样就会降低难度。　

第三步：再读短文，检查漏洞。做完以后，再把文章阅读一遍，检查是否有遗漏情况，尤其注意上下句之间的逻辑关系。多读一遍，就有可能把某些不清楚的地方理顺。

【热点话题】

    短文改错热衷于学生生活经历相关话题。

【限时检测】（建议用时：每篇7分钟）

A

（2021·黑龙江·哈尔滨三中模拟预测）

第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下而写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The other day, we moved to the new school yard, where lies in the far north of the city. We were all on high spirits. It is much big than the old one. The classrooms are bright and clean. We have a lot of modern equipment, making convenient for students to learn every subject. Now we can have a lot of after-class activity in the new playground. Our teachers often play the basketball and soccer together with us. As spring approached, the flowers newly planting in the yard have just come out. With such many green trees and fragrant flowers around, we feel it less hardly to study and our school life more enjoyable.

B

（2021·全国·高考真题）

2. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作业，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire. One of the questions are：Who will you go in times of trouble? Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other. Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help. Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own. Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others. They kept very much to themselves. In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.

C

（2021·河南新乡·一模）

3. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Teddy was the first out of the plane. He collected his luggages and quickly made his way to the gate. He was hard able to contain his excite at meeting his family after six years abroad. He turned around and sees his parents, their dear faces shining with pride and pleasure. There was no a sign of his twin sisters.

He greeted his parents. His father smiled but said in an excited voice, “Let's get home. They're waiting us at home.” Teddy smiled, relieved to knowing they were at home. He kept on talked about his tour of Europe. They reached home quickly and she finally hugged his long-missed sisters.

D

（2021·四川南充·模拟预测）

4. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My name is Mike. I’d like be a news reporter. News reporter need to be very independent and many skills. Communicating well with people are especially required, which I believe I’m good at it. Also I liked travelling and challenging things. I think working as a newspaper and reporting from all over the world are real exciting. Your parents think being a news reporter is a dangerous job, and I’m not scared because I like taking risks. I know I won’t make much money but bring news to people around the world will be enough.

E

（2021·江西景德镇·一模）

5. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I was born with no arms in a remote village. Life is difficult for me, and I’m not about to give up so easy. After years of efforts, now I can do things with my feet flexibly.

In 2013, my brother bought for me a smart phone. I was very excited, but I don’t know how to use at first. I cherished it a lot and spent much time on it. Now, I can use my toe tips to press the phone.

Seen local farm products couldn’t be sold out, I had an idea. In 2015, I opened the online store to sell farm products. Under my help, the products sold well online. So far, my online store has helped the villagers sell them products to many people across the country. I feel happy because the business helps lifting many poor families out of poverty.

F

（2021·陕西·宝鸡市金台区教育体育局教研室一模）

6. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

In my family, there have three people. My mother is a engineer and my father is a teacher. They devote themselves to their work. I came to a university in the US in 2016, so I learned a lot in the past 5 years. I often tell my American friends story about China, that they are very interested in. I miss my motherland as well as my parents. In National Day, I put up a Chinese national flag on the wall of my room. Stand under the flag, I was proud and happy. 2 years later, I am going to graduate and go back to the building of my beautifully country. It is how I will be expecting in the coming days.